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Collaborative Risk-Driven Intervention a Study of Samson Cree Nation's

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Collaborative Risk-Driven Intervention a Study of Samson Cree Nation's Collaborative Risk-Driven Intervention A Study of Samson Cree Nation’s Application of the Hub Model by Dr. Chad Nilson RESEARCH REPORT: 2016–R001 RESEARCH DIVISION www.publicsafety.gc.ca Abstract In an effort to reduce crime and violence in their community, police and local leaders at Samson Cree Nation in central Alberta have implemented the Hub model of collaborative risk-driven intervention since 2012. The Hub is a weekly forum for human service providers from multiple sectors to share limited information about their clients whose current situation meets a defined threshold of acutely-elevated risk. The outputs of these meetings are multi-sector interventions designed to rapidly mobilize services around the composite needs of their shared clients. With its origin in Prince Albert, Saskatchewan, the Hub model has been replicated throughout Canada and in several American states. Samson Cree Nation is the first on-reserve application of the model in a First Nations community. The purpose of this study is to explore the journey that community leaders and stakeholders took to develop their own Hub table in the Samson Cree Nation. This paper explores the reason for the Samson Cree Hub, its implementation, and stakeholder perceptions of the impact that the Hub is having on police, human service providers, their agencies, and the clients they serve. Interviews with community safety and wellness stakeholders, along with first-hand observations of the Samson Cree Hub, provide information for this research. Findings reveal that the Hub model is a value-added and much-needed tool for human service providers to better meet the needs of their clients. Overall, the Hub model shows considerable promise for other First Nation communities wishing to implement a collaborative approach to reducing risk and harm. Author’s Note The views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of Public Safety Canada. Correspondence concerning this report should be addressed to: Research Division, Public Safety Canada, 340 Laurier Avenue West, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0P8; email: [email protected]. Acknowledgements To the Elders, community leaders and human service providers who shared their stories and observations, thank you. In addition, this work would not have been possible without the keen interest and support of community safety and wellness stakeholders in Samson Cree Nation, Alberta. This study has also benefitted by the expert advice and guidance of Dr. Bonnie Jeffery (University of Regina) and Cal Corley (CorStrat Solutions), and the research assistance of Keri Okanik (Living Skies Centre for Social Inquiry). Product Information: © Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, 2016 Cat. No.: PS18-30/2016E-PDF ISBN Number: 978-0-660-04495-8 COLLABORATIVE RISK-DRIVEN INTERVENTION PUBLIC SAFETY CANADA 1 Table of Contents Executive Summary .............................................................................................................. 4 Foreword .............................................................................................................................. 5 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 7 Part 1 — Literature Review ................................................................................................ 8 Literature Review Themes .................................................................................................... 8 Collaborative Risk-Driven Intervention .................................................................................. 9 Collaboration .......................................................................................................................................... 9 Risk ...................................................................................................................................................... 10 Intervention .......................................................................................................................................... 10 Crime Reduction Applications of Collaborative Risk Driven Intervention ............................. 12 The Hub Model ................................................................................................................... 14 Development of the Prince Albert Hub ................................................................................................. 14 Key Components of the Hub Model ..................................................................................................... 15 Community Readiness ...................................................................................................... 15 Acutely-Elevated Risk ...................................................................................................... 16 Four Filter Process ............................................................................................................ 16 Collaborative Intervention ................................................................................................ 17 Data Collection .................................................................................................................................... 17 Expansion of the Hub Model ................................................................................................................ 18 Saskatchewan .................................................................................................................... 18 Ontario .............................................................................................................................. 18 Community Safety and Wellness within a First Nations Context ......................................... 20 Evaluating Collaborative Risk-Driven Intervention .............................................................. 21 Measuring Collaboration ...................................................................................................................... 21 Working Amidst a Paradigm Shift ........................................................................................................ 21 Social Innovation ................................................................................................................................. 22 New Evaluation Questions ................................................................................................................... 23 Part 2 — Study Of The Samson Cree Hub ...................................................................... 24 Background on Samson Cree Nation .................................................................................. 24 COLLABORATIVE RISK-DRIVEN INTERVENTION PUBLIC SAFETY CANADA 2 Crime and Violence ............................................................................................................................. 24 Community Action ................................................................................................................................ 24 Samson Cree Hub ............................................................................................................................... 25 Research Questions ........................................................................................................... 27 Methodology ....................................................................................................................... 28 Results ............................................................................................................................... 30 Formation of the Samson Cree Hub .................................................................................................... 30 Agency Commitments to the Hub ........................................................................................................ 32 Agency Referrals to the Hub ................................................................................................................ 33 Collaborative Intervention .................................................................................................................... 33 Hub Impact on Clients.......................................................................................................................... 34 Hub Impact on Agencies ...................................................................................................................... 35 Hub Impact on Police ........................................................................................................................... 37 Hub Training ........................................................................................................................................ 38 Evaluation ............................................................................................................................................ 38 Functioning as Intended....................................................................................................................... 38 Challenges ........................................................................................................................................... 39 Improving the Hub ............................................................................................................................... 40 Lessons Learned ................................................................................................................................. 41 Key
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