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Pardes : Zeitschrift Der Vereinigung Für Jüdische Studien Ev PaRDeS ZEITSCHRIFT DER VEREINIGUNG FÜR JÜDISCHE STUDIEN E.V. JIDDISCHE QUELLEN (2008) HEFT 14 UNIVERSITÄTSVERLAG POTSDAM PaRDeS ZEITSCHRIFT DER VEREINIGUNG FÜR JÜDISCHE STUDIEN E.V. HERAUSGEGEBEN VON REBEKKA DENZ, ALEXANDER DUBRAU UND NATHANAEL RIEMER IM AUFTRAG DER VEREINIGUNG FÜR JÜDISCHE STUDIEN E.V. IN VERBINDUNG MIT DEM INSTITUT FÜR JÜDISCHE STUDIEN DER UNIVERSITÄT POTSDAM Jiddische Quellen (2008) HEFT 14 UNIVERSITÄTSVERLAG POTSDAM ISSN 1614-6492 ISBN 978-3-940793-41-6 Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über http://dnb.d-nb.de abrufbar. Universitätsverlag Potsdam 2008 Am Neuen Palais 10, 14469 Potsdam http://info.ub.uni-potsdam.de/verlag.htm Tel.: +49 (0)331 977 4623 | Fax: -4625 | [email protected] Redaktion: Rebekka Denz (Artikel, [email protected]) Alexander Dubrau (Artikel, [email protected]) Nathanael Riemer (Artikel, [email protected]) Daniel Jütte (Rezensionen, [email protected]) Dr. Sigrid Senkbeil (Lektorat und Layout, [email protected]) Redaktionsadresse: Universität Potsdam, Institut für Jüdische Studien Am Neuen Palais 10, 14469 Potsdam Redaktionsschluss Heft 15 (2009): 01.03.2009 Es wird um Einsendung von Beiträgen gebeten. Die Redaktion behält sich das Recht vor, Beiträge abzulehnen, in geteilter Form zu drucken oder nach Rücksprache zu kürzen. Die veröffentlichten Texte geben nicht unbedingt die Meinung der Herausgeber bzw. der Redaktion wieder. Umschlagabbildung: Jiddischsprachiges Werbeplakat für die Aufführung des Monumentalfilms "Die Sklavenkönigin" nach dem Roman "Der Mond von Israel" von Henry Rider Haggards im Kino Eden, Riga nach 1924. Es wird dem Antiquariat Michael Jeschke, Schönburgstraße 20A, 12103 Berlin für die Bereitstellung der digitalen Vorlage gedankt. Druck: docupoint GmbH Magdeburg ISSN 1614-6492 ISBN 978-3-940793-41-6 Zugleich online veröffentlicht auf dem Publikationsserver der Universität Potsdam URL http://pub.ub.uni-potsdam.de/volltexte/2008/1917/ URN urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-19179 [http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-19179] EDITORIAL 3 Jiddische Quellen Editorial 2008 jährt sich das einhundertste Jubiläum der Czernowitzer Sprachkonfe- renz. Vom 30. August bis zum 3. September 1908 trafen sich in Czernowitz Anhänger des Jiddischen zur ersten internationalen Konferenz der jiddischen Sprache. Hauptergebnis war die Proklamation des Jiddischen als eine nationale Sprache der Judenheit. Die Konferenz lieferte außergewöhnliche Impulse für das Anwachsen der jiddischsprachigen Kultur und legte damit zugleich einen Grundstein der Jiddischen Studien. In diesem Jahr finden sowohl am historischen Ort als auch in verschiedenen anderen Städten Gedenkkonferenzen und Feier- lichkeiten anlässlich dieses einhundertjährigen Jubiläums statt. In der im näch- sten Jahr erscheinenden Ausgabe von PaRDeS wird über die 100th Anniversary International Yiddish Language Conference in Czernowitz berichtet werden. Die vorliegende Ausgabe von PaRDeS widmet sich Studien über Literatur, Theater und Pressewesen, denen jiddische Quellen zu Grunde liegen. Die Bei- träge thematisieren ostjiddische Texte, nur in einem Beitrag bezieht sich jiddisch auf die westjiddische Sprachstufe. Die Artikel, welche literarische und journali- stische Quellen diskutieren, spiegeln die geographische Verbreitung der jiddi- schen Sprache wider. Die Beiträge zeigen, dass sich diese Quellensprache nicht nur auf Themenfelder osteuropäisch-jüdischer Lebenswelten begrenzen lässt. Zum Auftakt des Heftes befasst sich Sabine Boehlich (Hamburg) mit dem Text Nay-gayst, einer Erzählung des Nister aus dem Jahre 1920. In Nisters „Nay- gayst“. Der Schriftsteller als Zaddik berücksichtigt sie für ihre Analyse unter ande- rem sowohl autobiographische Aspekte des russischen Autors als auch Texte der jüdischen Tradition insbesondere der Mystik. Juliane Rösch (Potsdam) beschreibt in „Di berliner hobn nisht gegloybt zeyere oygn“. Das jiddischsprachige Theater GOSET und der Regisseur Alexander Granovsky die Ge- schichte dieses Moskauer Theaterensembles. Sie verwendet dabei für die Dar- stellung der speziellen Regiearbeit Granovskys einen bislang unbeachteten, vom Regisseur selbst verfassten Artikel, der 1928 in der jiddischsprachigen Zeitschrift literarishe bleter. ilustrirte vokhnshrift far literatur, teater un kunst abgedruckt wurde. In „Wenn die Nazi-Verbrecher nach Hause kommen“ – Dovid Eynhorns Berichte über die nationalsozialistischen Verbrechen im New Yorker Forverts 1940-1945 stellt Anne- Christin Saß (Berlin) eine Auswahl der Artikel vor, in denen sich der zu dieser Zeit in New York lebende Eynhorn mit dem Zweiten Weltkrieg auseinander- 4 EDITORIAL setzt. Deren Inhalte stellt sie wiederum in einen Zusammenhang mit der Bio- graphie und Geisteshaltung des Autors. Ihren Beitrag rundet Anne-Christin Saß mit der Übersetzung des 1943 veröffentlichten Texts Eynhorns Wenn die Nazi- Verbrecher nach Hause kommen ab. Die Untersuchung von Zeitungsquellen findet mit „Der Froyenvinkl“: Die Frau- enrubrik in der bundischen Tageszeitung „Naye Folkstsaytung“ ihren Abschluss. Rebek- ka Denz (Braunschweig/Berlin) analysiert im vorliegenden Beitrag erstmalig die Themenschwerpunkte der Frauenrubrik dieses Warschauer Presseorgans aus der Zeit von Oktober 1937 bis September 1939. Hierbei geht sie insbesondere auf Zuschriften von Leserinnen ein und verschafft somit einer oftmals vernachläs- sigten Quelle von Selbstzeugnissen zumeist einfacher Arbeiterinnen Gehör. Der Themenschwerpunkt des Heftes schließt mit einem Beitrag Some parallels of stories in Glikls of Hameln Zikhroynes über westjiddische Quellen aus der Wende zum 18. Jahrhundert ab. Nathanael Riemer (Potsdam) weist einen möglichen Ursprung zweier Erzählungen nach, die Glikl von Hameln in ihren „Memoiren“ verwendete. Als Vorlage dienten diesen zwei Erzählungen, so die These Rie- mers, Erzählungen aus dem westjiddischen Moralwerk Beer Scheva, welches vom Prager Ehepaar Bila und Beer Perlhefter zu Ehren ihrer verstorbenen sieben Kinder verfasst wurde. Mit Jiddisch aus aller Welt wird im Folgenden in diesem Heft an die Rubrik Jü- dische Studien aus aller Welt angeknüpft. Hier berichten vier Autorinnen und Auto- ren, zuweilen im essayistischen Stil, über die Entwicklungsgeschichte, zeitgenös- sische Situation bzw. die Forschungslage der jiddischen Sprache und Kultur in Birobidzan, Israel, Mexiko und Japan. Ein Essay, Tagungsberichte, Rezensionen und Mitteilungen vervollständigen das vorliegende Heft. Mit dieser Ausgabe von PaRDeS stellt sich neben den bis- herigen Herausgebern Alexander Dubrau und Nathanael Riemer zugleich Re- bekka Denz als neue Mitherausgeberin vor. Rebekka Denz, Alexander Dubrau, Nathanael Riemer INHALT 5 WISSENSCHAFTLICHE ARTIKEL Sabine Boehlich “Nisters Nay-gayst. Der Schriftsteller als Zaddik” ................................................................. 8 Juliane Rösch „Di berliner hobn nisht gegloybt zeyere oygn“. Das jiddischsprachige Theater GOSET und der Regisseur Alexander Granovsky ........................................................................47 Anne-Christin Saß „Wenn die Nazi-Verbrecher nach Hause kommen” – Dovid Eynhorns Berichte über die nationalsozialistischen Verbrechen im New Yorker Forverts 1940-1945.............................................................................................................................. 68 Rebekka Denz Der „Froyenvinkl“ : Die Frauenrubrik in der bundischen Tageszeitung „Naye Folkstsaytung“ ............................................................................................................. 96 Nathanael Riemer Some parallels of stories in Glikls of Hameln Zikhroynes............................................125 JIDDISCH AUS ALLER WELT Holger Nath The First Yiddish Summer Program in Birobidzhan (August 13-August 30, 2007)...........................................................................................149 Satoko Kamoshida A woman and a language: In the case of a Yiddish speaker in Israel.......................155 Arturo Kerbel “Dear brother! Where from are you coming?” A brief history of the Yiddish language and culture in Mexiko.................................162 Kazuo Ueda Jiddischforschung in Japan ..............................................................................................168 ESSAY Elvira Grözinger Die Deutsche Bahn und die Krux mit dem Gedenken ..............................................172 6 INHALT TAGUNGSBERICHTE “Zwischenräume”. Jüdisch-christliche Lebenswelten unter venezianischer Herrschaft im späten Mittelalter und der frühen Neuzeit. Venedig, Deutsches Studienzentrum und Dipartimento di Studi Storici der Universität Ca’ Foscari, 5.9.-7.9. 2007. (Daniel Jütte).........................................................................................................................175 “Global Forum for Combating Antisemitism”, Israelisches Außenministerium, Jerusalem, 24.-25.2. 2008. (Clemens Heni)......................................................................................................................183 REZENSIONEN Arno Herzig/Cay Rademacher (Hg.): Die Geschichte der Juden in Deutschland (Robert Jütte) .................................................................................................188 Georg Bossong: Die Sepharden. Geschichte und Kultur der spanischen Juden (Rafael Arnold)..........................................................................................................190
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