' .. 1918. ·.--t CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-- SENATE.

By Mr. GRAY of Alabama: A bill (H. R. 9472) granting an Also, memorial of Tyrone Chamber of Commerce, protesting . increase of pension to James Powers ; to the Committee on In- against periodical postage amendment ; to the Committee on valid Pensions. , 'Vays and Means. By Mr. GREGG: A bill (H: R, 9473) for the relief of the·legal Also, memorial of Asbury Chamber of Commerce, protestiag representatives of Sarah J. Montgomery, deceased; to the Com­ against zone system for second-class mail ; to the Committee on mittee on War Claims. the Post Office and Post Roads. By Mr. HAMILTON of New York. A blll (H. R. 9474) grant­ By Mr. RAKER: Petition of Hemy Adams, Veterans' Home, ing a pension to George H. Roberts ; to the Committee on In­ Cal., favoring volunteer officers' retired-list bill; to the Commit· valid Pensions. tee on Mmtary Affairs. !JY Mr. HILLIARD: A bill (H. R. 9475) for the relief of Also, memorial of National Council, Sons and Daughters of Elizabeth T. Wells; to the Committee on Military Affairs. Liberty, favoring passage of House· bill 4892, relative to immi­ By Mr. KEARNS: A bill (H. R. 9476) granting a pension to gration law; to the Committee on Immigration and Naturaliza· Chester A. Dryden ; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. tion. By Mr. KRAUS: A bill (H. R. 9477) granting an increase of Also, petition of Columbia Post, No. 141, Department of pension to William Ducy ; to the Committee on Invalid. Pen­ California and Nevada, Gra.nd Army of the Republic, favoring siQns. increase in pensions of ex-Union soldiers of the Civil War; to Also, a bill (H. R. 9478) granting a pension to Nancy Ault; the Committee on Invalid Pensions. to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. . By Mr. STEENERSON: Petition of citizens of Halstad. By Mr. LANGLEY: A bill (H. R. 9479) gr~nting an increase Minn., protesting against the proposed repeal of the second-'Cla~s of pension to J. n.. Evans ; to the Committee on Invalid Pen­ mail 'l'ates provision of the war-revenue act; to the Committee sions. on the Post Office and Post Roads. By Mr. McKINLEY: A bill (H. R. 9480) granting an increasE:> of pension to George T. Smith; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. SENATE. Also, a bill (H. R. 9481) granting an increase of pension to Christian Marxmuller, alias Christopher Miller; to the Com­ lioNDAY, Februat:J 4, 1918. mittee on Invalid Pensions. The Chaplain, Rev. Forrest J. Prettyman, D. D., offered the By Mr. MAPES: A bill (H. R. 9482) granting a pension to following prayer : Mahalah A. Palmer; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Almighty God, we open the Senate this morning witl;l a very By Mr. MILLER of Minnesota: A bill (H. R. 9483) grant­ great burden upon our hearts. We hear of our boys at the front ing a pension to Frank Bachmeyer; to the Committee on Pen! receiving their first baptism of fire and blood. Our hearts go sions. out to them. We present them to Thee, 0 God, asking Thy Also, a bill (H. R. 9484) granting ·a pension to George A. guidance and Thy blessing upon them. We pray that they may Holmes; to tlie Committee on Pensfons. feel the support of a united country, and that they may have Also, a bill (H. R. 9485) granting a pension to Carlos Fors­ the courage which springs out of a consciousness of the pure­ man; to the Committee on Pensions. ness of their flag and the united support of a mighty Nation By Mr. MUDD. A bill (H. R. 9486) granting a pension to back of them. We pray Thee speedily to bring to them and E. P. Aler; to the Committee on Pensions. their arms and to their flag the victory which comes to the Also, a bill (H. R. 9487) for the relief of Charles C. Serrin; unconquerable will of men who do right in Thy sight. For to the Committee on Mllitary Affairs. Christ's sake. Amen. By Mr. RAINEY: A bill (H. R. 9488) granting a pension to The Secretary proceeded to read the Journal of the proceed­ Abigail Butts: to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. ings of Thursday last, when, on request of Mr. VARDAMAN and · By Mr. ROGERS: A bill (H. R. 9489) granting a pension to by unanimous consent, the further reading was dispensed with George F. Cook; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. and the Journal was approved. By Mr. SHALLENBERGER: A bill (H. R. 9490) granting an increase of pension to R. H. Stewart; to the Committee on READING OF WASHINGTON!.S FAREWELL ADDRESs.· Invalid Pensions. The VICE PRESIDENT. In accordance with an order hereto­ AI o, a bill (H. R. 9491) granting a pension to Marion Burn· fore made by the Senate, that upon the 22d day of February in ham ; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. each year, or if that day should fall on Sunday then on th~ By Mr. STEENERSON: A bill (H. R. 9492) granting an in­ day following, immediately after the reading of the Journal, crease of pension to Christian Gulbranson; to the Committee Washington's Farewell Address should be read to the Senate on Invalid Pensions. by a Senator designated for the purpose by the presiding officer, By Mr. WHEELER: A bill (H. R. 9493) granting an increase the Chair announces the .appointment of the Senator from Rhode of pension to Edgar Parks; to the Committee on Invalid Pen­ Island [Mr. GERRY] to read the address this year. sions. CRIPPLED• SOLDIERS AND SAILORS ( S. DOC. NO. 17 3). By Mr. WOOD of Indiana: A bill (H. R. 9494) granting a pension to Millie B. Cook; to the Committee on Invali~ Pen­ The· VICE PRESIDENT laid before the Senate a communi­ sions. cation from the Secretary of War, transmitting, in response to Also, a bill (H. R. 9495) granting a pension to George F. a resolution of January 31, 1917, certain information relative Harter; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. to the rehabilitation and Yocational reeducation of crippled Also, a bill (H. R. 9496) granting an increase of pension to soldiers and sailors, which, with the accompanying paper, was Phoebe Miller; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. referred to tbe Committee on Military Affairs and ordered By Mr. OSBORNE: A bill (H. R. 9497) granting a pension to to be printed. · ·o, Sarah A. Dow; to the Committee on Pensions. WASHINGTON GAS LIGHT CO. (H. DOC. NO. 891). The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the Senate the annual PETITIONS, ETC. report of the Washington Gas Light Co. for the year ended De­ cember 31, 1917, which was referred to the Committee' on the Under clause 1 of Rule XXII, petitions and papers were laid District of Columbia and ordered to be printed. on the Clerk's desk and referred as follows: By Mr. DALE of New York: Petition of Association of WASHINGTON RAILWAY & ELECTRIC CO. (H. DOC. NO. 897). Lithuanian Patriots of America, relative to independence for The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the Senate the annual Lithuania; to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. report of the Washington Railway & Electric Co. for the year By Mr. FULLER of Illinois : Memorial of Union Label ended December 31, 1917, which was referred to the Committee Trades Department of the American Federation of Labor, ask­ on the District of Columbia and ordered to be printed. ing repeal of the second-class postage provisions of the war­ revenue blll; to the Committee on Ways and Means. GEORGETOWN & TENNALLYTOWN RAILWAY CO. (H. DOC. NO. 893)i Also, petition of Prairie Club of Chicago, Ill., opposing the The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the Senate the annual granting of grazing privileges in the national parks and of report of the Georgetown & Tennallytown Railway Co. for the shooting in the bird reservations; to the Committee on the Pub­ year ended December 31, 1917, which was referred to the lic Lands. Committee on the District of Columbia and ordered to be By .Mr. · MOORE of Pennsylvania: Memorial of tenth annual· printed. . convention of the Union Label Trades Department of the Amer­ ican Federation of Labor, favoring elimination of section in WASmNGTON INTERURBAN RAILROAD CO. (H. DOC. NO. 894). . war-revenue bill dealing with second-class postage; to the· Com- The ·vrcE PRESIDENT laid before the Senate the animal mittee on Ways and Means. ' ·report of the Washington Interurban Railroad Co. for the year r rn I f.""'i ,~ __ tl •.t ,-Itt • ._ I ·~ ,..,..; '• t.}T~ 1 '~ r ! r CO· GRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE.. FEBRUARY 4,

ended December '31, 1917, hich was refel'red· to the Com­ Mr. GALLINGER. ' Mr~ Pre ident, aTI I can di> ubout t'b.ilt mittee on tne 'District of Celumbia and ordered to be printed'. nro..tter,. which is u very serious one, is to have these telegrams . CITY & SUBURBAN RAILWAY CO. (H. DOC. NO. ' 96) • . insert~d . in the REcoRD with the expectation that the officiuis· wh-o possibly can:. give relief will have their attention called to The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the Senate. the annu.al them. report of the City & Suburban Railway Co~ of Washington for­ the year ended Decemb.er 3.1, 1917, which was referred to. the Mr. McLEAN. I have a brief resolution adopted by the Committee on the District of Columbia and ordered to be Eq;nal Suffra-ge League of Bridgeport, ColiD., which I a k to printed. have printed in the REco-nn. P-oTOMAC ELECTRIC POWEB CO. (H. DOC. NO. 895). There being no objection the resolution was ordered to be The VlOE RRESIDENT laid before the· Senate the annual printed in the REcoRD, as foll'ows: report of. the Potomac Electr.ic Powei: Co. for the· yeax ended Re olution adopted at a meeting of. the Bridgeport Equal Sufl'rage League, the Stratford Equal Suffrage League, aml the Fairfield Equal December 31, 1917, which was referred to the Committee on the Sutn:a...,ooe League, in. Bridgeport, January 31, 1918. District of Columbia aoo ordered to· be puinted. ReBolvea, That tltis meeting most earnestly urges Senator GEORGE P. CAPITAL TRACTroN CO. (H. DOC. N<>. 881)). McLEUN to vote for the Federal suffrage amendment and to work fo~ its passage, thus demonstratin~ the faith of this country in the democ- ' The VICE PRESIDENT taid before th.e Senate the annuaJl racy for which we and our allies are fighting; and be- it also . · report of the Capital Traction: Co for the year end-ed Decefl?ber Resolved, That Se11ator GEORGE" P. McLEAN be requested to see that 31, 191T, which was referred to the Committee on the District this resolution is read into tbe· Co IDtl!ISlJI-ON.A.L BJtCORU. 1 of Oelmnbia and order~ to be printed- 1\fr: .TONES ot Washington. I have a resolution adopted EAST WASHiNGTON HEGHTS TRACTroN RAILROAD (H~ Doc. NO. S98). unammously by the Pastors' Federation of the City of Wash­ The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the Senate the annual ington and the District. I ask that it may be printed in the report of the East 'Vashington Heights Traction Railroad Co. RECORD and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations.. for the year ended Decembel' 31, 1917, which w~s referred There being- no ol'>jection, the re.aolution was referred to the to the Committee on the District of Columbia and ordered to be Committee on Foreign Relations and ordered to. be printed in printed. the REcoRD, as follows: EINDINGS OF THE" COURT OF CLA..IMS. PASTORS' FEDERATION ON WIJI."'E AND BEER- SITU.A.TION IN' FRANC». The VICE PRESIDE1\TT' laid before the Senate communica­ Resowed:, That we rejoice in t:he unp.araTieled efforts of our Secretarles tions. from the chief cleL'k of the Court of Claims., tranmnitting of War and the Navy to safeguard mrr fighting forces. morally which certified copies· of the findings of fact and conclusions filed by has had' a large measure ot success m cantonments and hip aid urge more drastic action to insure their protection. when on leave' and espe­ the coll:rt" in fue following causes : · ctally when in foreign satvice. William Ioder 11. United: States (.S. Doc. No. 169') ; and Benjamin K. Robetlsi Har:ti.s L. -Roberts,. and Helen F. C. Roberts; guardians of Benjamin S. Rnberts, jr.,, heirs- of B-en­ Wllereas Gen. Pershing issued an order more than a mon.th. ago tor­ bidding our soldiers in France to " buy or r eeive a a gift 7, the< jamin S. Roberts, deceased, 11: United States ( . Due: No. 170). stronger llqum:s. but specl.ficany excepting beer and light ines, whlctl The foregoing findings were,. witi:r the· accompanying pn.l)-ers-~ b?th Houses of Congress had pre-viously refused to except in legisla­ referred to the Committee: on Ciai.ms and ordered' to be printed. tion for soldiers and. others.; and Whereas the eoxten:si"On of this order to Include all intoxicating drinks MESSAGE, FROM!. THE:. HOUSE. ' which it was reported he- was discussing with the French Government~ A message from the House of Repl'esentativesl by J. C. Sout1:1. has not been made : and ' Whereas silence on the part of. the American ~ple might seem to. give its Chief Clerk, announced that the House had passed a bill consent to the present un-Americnn distinction in favor- of beer and (H. R. 9054) making appropriations for the. Department of . wine. which wll1 seem to excuse if not sanction th~ir u e at home as Agriculture fo~ the fiscaL year ending J"!llne 30, 1919,. in. lllch it well as abroad ;c and . . Whereas there has· been no official action, 8() far as the publlc ts. in­ requested the concurrence of- the Senate. formed, to stnp the shipment .to forei.lro b:rewerlc of" .American grain . ENROLLED BILL AND JOINT BESGLUTION SIGNED~ now spared for our allies at the sacr11ice .of our people and all needed by t:ru!m f:or- food: Therefo~e • The message- also announced that the Speak~ oii the House ReBOlved~ That we join the National Legislative Conferencer represent­ had signed the following enrolled bill and joint resol:utlon,. and ing all temperance forces, in asking the President to request the British. they were thereupon signed: by the. Vtee President: and French Governments to forbid their poo{lle to sell or give any alco­ holic beveragej beer, or wine, or any: otha to. any of our fighting rorces • H. R. 3135... An act to amend section 4 of the act entitled be it further · ' ".An act to provide for a:O auxiTiary reclamation project fu con­ Resolved, That inasmuch as the grain we can spare onlY by sacriftcUnited States, for le ening the expenses of the war, anrl States- be proposed by our own Government either by. the President or restoring the loss caused by the war by proviJUng· fo~ the by Cougre s. We can n.ot regard as 31 valid reason in any country for not prohlbtting beer and wine for the war, especially not in our own. employment of a discovery o::r: invention: called the u Garabed," the fear that working men. wouldr refuse to acriftce the e drinks even c.laimin.g to make pussible the utilization of free energy. . when. it. ws.s- required as a patriotic necessity. There has been no labo~ revolt in· any of our "dry" cities when put under prohibition and PETITroNS AND' MEYORIALS. labor leaders of "dry" States, as shown in the House amendnl{m1i Th.e VICE PRE.SIDEJNT. The Chair Ia~s before the Senate a. d.ebater ha.ve genern.lly approved prohibition after tria:l-the labor xrett­ the United from tions a-gainst prohibition having, come from States that have not tried memorial to Coogre s of the· States the house prohibition. Nor <10' we accept the statement that for the President of delegates and the officers of the .American Medical .Associa~ ta prohibit beer would necessarily "put the country on a whisky hasia ·• tion,.. pxaying for the repeali of section 209 of the war-revenue since the President is" fully authorized to commandeer all d1 tilled will liquors in bond' or stock !or redistillation to prevent use o! foodstu1rs ·0 act, which b.e referred to the Committee on Fi.w:mee. . . fox future manufacture of munition alcohol, hich redistlllatiou could Mr. GALL!NGE.R. Mr_ President, I am not in the habit of be done at a very small cost fur assembling since 60 per cent of the asking that telegrams be inserted in. the RECORD, but tpe two whisky is in one State, and the cost of redtsthlation would be less than 2 cents a gallon, according to official chemist. brief telegrams I send to the desk are of sueir gr~t importan-ce Above petition was adopted unanimously by Pastors' Federation of I ask that they may be read. ~ashington, D. C., on January 28, 1918-. The PRESIDING OFFIOE'R. Without objection, the Secre­ tary will read. 1\fr. JONES of Washington presented a petition o:t the Trades The Secretary rea«. as follows :. . and Labor Council of Hoquiam, Wash., pl'aying for an increa e all was . . NEIW YO.R.K, N. Y., J!'eb1"'1J.JU'1J , 4 191~ in the alaries of civil- ervice employees, which referred Hon. J. H. GALLINGER, to the Committee on Appropriations. United States Be-n..ate, Washington, D. a.: Mr LODGE. :Mr. President, I present a letter in the nature Coal famine f-ast forcing. shutdown of· New England m.ifls. aJld cutting of a petition from the president of the National ociation of off Army cloth urgently needed by Government Can not IUlOther large As inactive Na-vy coll1 T be l:mmediately put- en route from coal-loading Cotton llanufacturers. I a~ that it may be rea.d into the ports- to Boston? Many other mill& on verge of closing. REcORD. FREDERICK. S. CLARKE, The It will A_cting P1"68idett~ National Association VICE PRESID"Eh-rr._ be read. of Wool Mamsfacturera The- Secretary read as follows : BOSTON, MAss., Februarv :t, 1JJ1B. THB NATIONAl; AsSO<:IATIO. .OJ!' CO'llTOY MANuFACTURERS_.. Hon. JACOB H. G.ALLINGIIlB, • Boston, Mass., li'ebrua1"J} 1.,. 1918. United States Senate, Wasnington, D. 0.: Ron. HENRY CABoT LonGE,_ · Coal situation very critical. New England mills will soon b-e closed United. States Senate, Wtrsliington, D. 0. and. supplie needed tor Army and. Na-y;y cut otr unless ·coal is provided MT DEAR SENATOR LODGE: Notwithstanding that . you are probably aConce. Shutdowns will result in thousands ooing unemployed, and f.blly aware of' the critical. condition of · our New England mills' fn great s-uffering- certain unless relief eom~sJ q}lickly. respect tO> a supply of fuel, it se rued to lila m-y duty as p? sident of A.. F. BBMIS., this association to send you direct inforliUl.tion, which I did to-day; as Preaiaent National: A...sB"ooia-eion of Cotton Manufacturers. per the following telegram : 1918. CONGltESSION AL RECORD-SENATE . 1605

· " Coal situation very critical. New Englancl mills will soon be closed as nnd supplies needed for Army and Navy cut off unless coal ls provided The resolution (S. Res. 196) was read, follows: at once. Shutdowns, thousaDds unemployed, and great suffering cer- Resol-ved, That the pamphlet submitted by the S<'nator from Florida tain unless relief comes quickly." . [Mr. FLETCHER] on July 12, 1917, entitled "An International Confed­ Belieye me, very respectfully, yours, eration of Democracies under a Constitution," by David Lubin, dele­ .A. F. BE:urs, p,·esiclent. gatE> to the United States International Institute of Agriculture, be printed as a Senate document. :.Yr. LODGE pre enteu a petition of sun(lry citizens of Brook­ Hue, Mass., praying for the creation of a war cabinet, which l\lr. SMOOT. If I am not mistaken, the Committee on Print­ was referred to the Committee on Military Affairs. ing decided not to print that uocurnent. He nl o pre. ented re olutions adopted by the Massachusetts l\1r. FLETCHER. The committee oruercd. it to be reported ~hiropody As ociation, of Boston, 2\fass., favoring the establish­ favorably. ment of a chiropodist corps in the Armr which were referred to Mr. SMOOT. At the meeting held la~t Saturday? the ommittee on Military Affairs. Mr. FLETCHER. At the meeting held last Saturday. It ~Ir. JOHNSON of South Dakota. I present n communication was done before the Senator came in, perhap . from Rev. D. l\1. Brown, pastor of the Fir t Congregational - :\1r. SMOOT. It was certainly done before I came into the Church, of Estelline, S. Dak., which I ask to haYe printed in the committee meeting if it was agrero. to. RECORD. Mr. FLETCHER. It was agreed to. I reported it pursuant There beinO' no objection, the communicuUon wa.· ordered to to the action of the committee. I think the Senator was a little be printed in the REconn, as follows : late in getting in. ES1."FJLLINE, . DAK., JanuaYy 25, 1918. l\Ir. Sl\IOOT. Yes; I was late-about 10 minutes. IIon. THO~IAI'> STERLI~G anil Hon. Enwr::'< S. JonxsoN, Senato-rs; Hon. 1\fr. FLETCHER. It does not cost very much. CHARLES II. DILLON, Hon. ROYAL C. JOHNSO~, and Hon. HARRY L. Mr. SMOOT. Of course. if the committee has decided that it GA.!\'l>Y, Representatives, of the State of South Dakota. houlcl be printed as a public document, I am not going to objE-ct MY !IONORABLE AND DEAR SIRS : The injection of partisan politics into the governmental business of waging a world war is most repre­ to the· consideration of the resolution; but I think, Mr. President, hensible and disloyal. Speeding up war measures and affairs is one we have printed enough uch documents prepared by a certain thing and breaking down the confidence' of the people and weakening individual, and as it is costing the Government of the United tht>lr' cooperation with the Government is quite another thing. The U.n lted States has but one Presiden!~ Woodrow Wilson. He is Com­ States I do not know how much each year, I think it ought to mander in ChiPf of the Army and J.~avy. The presence of Theodore cease some time or other. Roosevelt in Washington at this time, antl his criticisms adverse to The VICE PRESIDENT. Is there objection to the considera­ the administration and its management of the war preparations. de­ tract In every way possible from the spirit of winning the war and tion of the resolution? embarrass the people and Government of the United States. Such .Ur. OVERMAN. I wish to ask the Senator from Florida one things as these grt>atly help the Kaiser. The offering and blood of question. I remember that in the Diplomatic and Consular our young manhood at home and abroad, cry out against these partisan outbreaks and devilish1 thrusts now being made by an ex-Presitlent appropriation bill there is an appropriation of $10.000-nty recol­ and those who follow in his trail. lection is-for Mr. Lubin, including salary and printing bill. Is Yours, most respectfully, D. M. BROWN, not that appropriation sufficient to print this document? Pasto-r of OongregationaZ Ohu,·; h. Mr. FLETCHER. Tl1at has nothing to do with this matter. :\Ir. WEEKS presented a resolution auopted by the :Middlesex­ The appropriation is made to him as the American delega!.f' to E~sex Pomona Grange, No. 28, Patrons of Husbandry, of Massa­ the International Institute of Agriculture at Rome. chusetts, and a petition of sundry citizens of Lowell, Mass., l\1r. OVERMAN. But it is made for printing, and I wisl: to praying for national prohibition, which were ordered to lie on know, because that appropriation bi11 will be here next week-­ the table. Mr. FLETCHER. That bas nothing to do with the printing He also presented a petition of sundry citizens of Boston, of this document. Mass., and a petition of sundry citizens of Lawrence, Mass., Mr. OVER~IAN. If that appropriation does not include the praying for an increase in the salaries of po tal employees, printing, then the appropriation of $10,000, including salary which were referred to the Committee on Post Offices and Post and printing, ought to be reduced that much. I have no objec· Roads. tion to the resolution, but I wish to say that there ought not REPORTS OF COMMITTEES. to be an appropriation made for printing in the appropriation Mr. FLETCHER, from the Committee on the Judiciary, to bill and then have a separate resolution brought in for printing. .which was referred the bill (S. 1735) to create an additional · Mr. FLETCHER. This has nothing to do with the printing of judge in the southern district of Florida, reported it with an the material in connection with the International Institute. amendment. Mr. OVERMAN. That is the question I wanted to ask. .Mr. ASHURST, from the Committee on the Judiciary, to Mr. FLETCHER. It is an entirely separate and distinct which was referred the .bill ( S. 714) providing for an additional matter. This has nothing to do with Mr. Lubin's work as an judge for the district of Arizona, reported it with an amend­ American delegate; but, simply as a publici t, a man of vision ment, and submitted a report (No. 240) thereon. . and farsightedness, he has some suggestions to make which I Mr. MYERS, from the Committee on Military Affairs, to think are valuable. which was referred the bill (S. 922) for the relief of Orion Mr. SMOOT. Mr. President, I think Dr. Lubin bas not '~ry Mathews, reported it without amendment, and submitted a much to do as a delegate, but spends a good deal of time in writ­ report (No. 241) thereon. ing articles upon policies that he thinks ought to _be adoptecl by Mr. OVERMAN, from the Committee on the Judiciary, to the Government of the United States. which was referred the bill (H. R.. 6361) to extend protection to Mr. OVERMAN. That statement is interesting to me, having the civil rights of members of the Military and Naval Estab­ charge of the appropriation bill. Does the Senator say he does lishments of the United States engaged in the present war, re­ not spend his time- ported it with amendments. Mr. SMOOT. I do not say any of his time, but I suppose be Mr. TILLMAN, from the Committee on Naval Affairs, to spends very little of his time. which was ·referred the bill (S. 3403) for the relief of Pay­ Mr. FLETCHER. Dr. Lubin is in Rome now and is there master Alvin Bovey-King, United States Navy, reported it attending to his work continuously. The printing provided for in the appropriatron bill is in connection with his wor~ L.S a without amendment and submitted a report (No. 242) thereon. delegate to the International Institute, and his expenses far FUXERAL EXPENSES OF THE LATE SENATOR BRADY. exceed his compensation. He is actuany out of pocket in con­ Mr. THOMPSON, from the Committee to Audit and Control nection with his work as a delegate to ~bat institute. The the Contingent Expenses of the Senate, to which was referred sum of $~0.000 appropriated to him for salary and -compensa­ S. Res. 187, submitted by Mr. BoRAH on the 18th ultimo, re­ tion for expenses does not at all cover the actual amount that he expends himself. He is there at his work all the while. Of ported it favorably without amendment, and it was considered course, he has time for other work. with unanimous consent and agreed to, as follows: . Mr. OVERMAN. Let me ask the Senator a question. Dr. Resolved, That the Secretary of the Senate be, and he hereby ls, authorized and directed to pay, from the miscellaneous Items of the Lubin was appointed as a delegate before the war. During this contingent fund of the Senate, the actual and necessary expenses In­ war does he have any duties as a delegate? currE-d by the committee appointed by the Vice President in arranging Mr. FLETCHER. I understand that they go on with the for and attending the funeral of the Bon. JAMES H. BnADY, late a Sen­ ator from the State of Idaho, up.;m vouchers to be approved by the work. Perhaps there is not a full attendance from all the coun­ Committee to Aud1t and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate. tries. Mr. OVERMAN. A.ll the countries that entered into a treatr • DEMOCRACIES AGAINST AUTOCRACIES. are at war. · Mr. FLETCHER. I report favorably from the Committee on Mr. FLETCHER. Not all of them, but some of them are. Printing a resolution touching the printing of a document, and There are 52 nations participating in the International Institute I a. k nn:mimous consent for it~ present con. !deration! of Agriculnue. 1606· O@N_GRESSIO A!J· BEOORD~NA:rE. FEBRUA.RY r4,

l\Ir. OVER'l\.1AN. .J: wish to ask tthe Sena:tor:wbether he -thinks .A bill '(S. 3729) .granting a pension :to Harrison Pierson· to that .dm·ing the w.ar this ap11Topriation ought to be continued? lthe ·Committee on Pensions. ' Are there any ·conventions held'? "He is a ·delegate to a -certain · AJ.IENDMENTS .TO A:ePRonvention and receives $3~500. iff them 1 ·no .convention .held, is it necessary to make .the ··a]>propriation·? .1\lr. NELSON submitted an amendment relatiYe to the Wis­ Mr. FLETCHER. I think the · npprop~iation ought to be co.r ~band .of Poi~a:watomie Indians, intended .to be proposed Jlii:n continued, by all ·means, because t.hey :are doing a g:~:eat deal of by to the Indian appropriation bill, which wa referred work collecting statistic and data. Dr. 'Lllbin is ·engaged con- : to the Committee on lnd.i:an Affairs .and ordered to be printed. tinuously Jn that work. .Of cour· e, the war. is nat going to last 1\Ir. PENROSE submitted an amendment relative to an in­ forever. and even while the war is on there is a greD:t deal to ere.a~ed allowance for po tal emp1Qyees, intended to be proposed do, and he is givmg it hjs unilivided attention. The llata which by h1m to the Post .Office appropriation .bill.; which was referred t:lley have collected are 'Vel'Y vn1uab1e d:rta, .and tl1~y furnish to to the Committee on Po t Office" and Post Roads and .ordered the re pective <;1-o-vernment vm:y waluab1e information and .to be printed. material. J ,think rthe appro_prlation, by all meallil, oougbt to ·be AD.TUDIC.ATION OF PRIVATE CLAJMS. continued. Mr. GALLINGER submitted an .amendment intended to •be 1\Ir. JONES o.f WashiQ..gton. ·I ask the Senator what ihe con­ prqpose_d ~Y h~ to the bill ( S. 1795) to relieve Congres from siders to be the special value of thti! document? .the. adJudication of private .claims against :the ·Govm1llllent, Mr. FLETCHER. I think it has some very thoughtful -dis­ which was -ordered to lie on ·the table and be printed. cussion and_.seme timportant sugg-estions that are of inter.national · FUNERAL EXPENSES OF THE LATE SENATOR HUGHES. importance. 1\!r. FRELINGHU'YSEN submi:tted :the fallowing resolution Mr. JONES of Washington. Are ;they :new suggestions~ ·(S. Res. 197), :W.bich was referred to the Committee to Auait FLETCHER. I think they are.guite new. Mr. and Control tbe Contingeilt Expenses of :the Senate: .Mr. JONES of '1V.ashington. J: it.hinJr the re olution cougbt fo go to the ·calendar. J. should like to examine it a:nd find ont au~~o~·tl6:~ 'T:a-tdirthcte dSecretary of the Senate be, and :he hereby is, about rthe mattet: . rue an e e io --p.ay, from -the miscellnn oUB items of the . . . . co~tingent fund of ~he ·Senate, ~ actual and .neces ary expen es in- . Mr. FLETCHER. lf the 'Sena.ter ~ ObJects to •present cons1dera- ou.rred •by the ·cpmnuttee appointed QY the Vic~> Premae.nt in arranging tlon, it will have to go to the calendar. ' .tor and attendmg the funeral of the flo.n. WIDLIAM BUGHEs, late a 8 0 The VICE PRESl.IDENlr T.he resolution will ·be ·plaeed on rthe i ~:0 6, ~ti ~~ B_ia.t~of NewCJeney, -upon vou.obers to ·be approved ·by calendar. · · · Se~at~ · .ce o u t and ontrol the Contingent :Elxpenses oi: 'the

BILLS 'INTRODUOED. : .Mr. 'THOMPSON subsequently, from the Committee to A..u Committ~ on Comme:cce of the . Uni-ted States :and :defense, and .for :the iPUrpo.ae :of :assisting in the proS.eCtttion . Senate be, and 1t 1s hereby, authorized to E>mploy an additional ill; 'but i.We' do h?pe to get that Jjill .aeted •ur 1 by ,fb.e committee .(Jo.mmitt~e on 1\filita:zy Affairs. 'm a vP.ry Short time. The .Secretary of War is to ·appear before By 1\lr. 'WEEKS: ' !=he co.IIIIIiittee in a -very 'little while. [ think rtbe

• CO GRESSI 16071 hn. e it referred· to the Committee on Printing with a \iew of Mr. MYERS. 1\Ir. President, may I ask, for information, if having it l)rinted as a document . both of the bills referred to have been rel)Orted? I was under­ The VICE PRE. !DENT. It will be so referred.. the impression that only one of them had been reported. ·- .. · · Mr. HITCHCOCK. The hill providing for the direetor of ROUSE UU.L REFERRED. munitions was formally reported. The committee voted to H. R. !>&::H. An act making appropriations for the Department report the other bill ; but, there ·being some question as to of Agri<:ulture for the fi ·ca.l year ending June 30, 1919, was read whether it had the right to report a bill under any objection twice by it title and referred to the Committee o~ Agriculture when it had not been first formally introduced, a formal re}Jort - and Forestry. has not yet been _made, and I may say is being withheld for a variety of reasons. The one which mo,es me particularly Js DISTRICT ATTOIL~EY FOR llHODE ISLAND. the hope that, after a proper exposition of the situation, the l\Ir. GERRY. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent for President himself and his advi ers may be led to look with t.he present consideration of the bill ( S. 2116) to increase the favor upon the bill, and may possibly suggest some n:mendments salary of the United States district attorney for the district of to it which would ·meet with presidential approval. So, Mr. • Rhode Island. · P1·esident, the committee took that action. We felt we ought The VICE PRESIDENT. Is there further morning business? to do our part to give to the Executive in this hour of crisis If not, morning buiiness is closed. The Senator from Rhode ul)-to-.date, approved, and tried governmental machinery to con­ Island asks unanimous consent for the present consideration duct the great affairs of war. of the bill named by him. Is there objection? 'Ve found in the present system such an obsolete and cum­ Mr. SMOOT. Mr. Pre. ident, I am not going to object to the bersome organization as to make efficiency very difficult and consideration of this bill. but I shall object to the considera­ well-nigh impossible. We found in the War Department, par­ tion of any other bill on the calendar out of its order. ticularly, provisions for checks, delays, debates, and disagree­ Mr. GALLINGER. Mr. President, when the bill the con­ ments, but little or no provision for action and decision. sideration of which i asked for by the Senator from Rhode We found the war machine much better equipped with brakes Island was once before the Senate, I asked that it should be than with motive power. We found divided responsibility and postponed until I eould ascertain what were the salaries of doubtful authority in inany places. similar officials in the other New England States. I find there These conditions are particularly sel'lous in the bureaus of is n great discrepancy in those salaries. This bill. as a matter' the War Department charged with tbe duty of supplying and of fact, gives n larger salary to the district attorney in Rhode equipping the Army. Confusion of authority, red tape, circum­ Island than the salary of the district attorney in New Haml)­ locution, and ·incapacity have borne their natural fruit. Nine shire; but I presume there are some special reasons for · that months after we entered the war and three months after our increase; Inasmuch as the committee has examined the bill, men were gathered in cantonments, in the dead of winter, we I will make no objection to its present consideration. found tens of thousands of men without overcoats.. tens of thou­ There being no objectio~ the Senate, as iii Committee of the sands lacking woolen breeches, tens of thousands without woolen Whole, proceeded to consider the bill (S. 2116) to increase the blouses, and other serious shortages. We found most of the salary of the district attorney for the district of Rhode Island, machine-gun companies unable to drill two months after they • which bad been reported from the Committee on the Judiciary \vere formed liecause they had no machine guns. Even in De­ with an amendment. in line 5, after the words " rate of,~• to cember we found 1,200 machine guns stiTI kept tn storage for strike out l' $5.000 " and insert ~' $3,500,u so as to make the bill some foolish and inexplicable reasons while each camp had only read: been supplied with about 80 machine guns. Be 4f en.actetl, etc., That from and after the passage of this act the \Ve found hundreds of thousands of. men drilling with woooen lary ol the United States district attorney fo.r the district of Rhode Island shall be at the rate of $3,500 a year. sticks for weeks and months because of mistakes and delays in ordering rifles last spring. We found men sent to France with­ The amendment was agreed to. out opportunity for rifle or machine-gun practice. We found a The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the distressing amount of sickness in most camps and an unneces~ amendment was concurred in. sary mortality due to lack of clothing and to overcrowding. The The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a tbird reading, overcrowding we found due to a failure to provide an adequate read the third time, and passed.. number of tents. We found camp hospitals without drainage, Mr. HITCHCOCK. Mr. Presiden~ a few days ago I gave plumbing, m• heat, and sick men ~vithout nurses. notice that to-day I should present to the Senate as concisely We found that we must depend on overworked and over-. as J>OSS:ible the reasons which have led the Committee on Mili­ strained France for machine guns for ground use nntj.l nearly tary Afrairs to re.Commend the passage o! two bills. One creates the end of this year, and that not over one-tenth of the new the office of director of munitions; the ather creates a -war cab­ Browning machine guns on which we are to rely can be de· inet of three t~ersons. In hoth cases. of course, the President livered before August. :would make tli~ appointments. We found that the first heavy artillery of American make can The Military Affairs Committee voted to support these bills not be received until July, and not muCh before 1919 can we after a month and a half of almost continuous daily meetings. expect to use in France American heavy artillery in any great During this time it took much testimony-most of it pubUc and quantity. What we get before this fall w~ must buy from now in printed form. lUld some of it of sueh a confidenti nature England. that it was not reduced to writing. By the 20th of January the committee was practically a unit. Mr. KIRBY. Mr. President-- in reaching the conclusion that the disclosures called for drastic The VICE PRESIDENT. Does the Senatol' frem Nebraska. action. When I say the committee I mean those members of lt yield to the Senator from Arkansas? who had been in regular attendance at the hearings and who Mr. ffiTCHCOCK. I yield. were familial· with the testimony. The question then arose as Mr. KIRBY. The Senator in his discussion says, "We found" to what action the committee should take. Should it merely at the beginning of practically every sentence, and I want to pr~t the testimony to the Senate .and denounce the various know if he. means by that that the committee found, or is that officials whose departments or bureaus had failed to perform his own individual interpretation of what the evidence dis4 their work? closes? The committee might have done that; th t was perhaps the ~Ir. IDTCHCOCK. I mean those who attended the meetings. natural course to take; that is the course often taken .by com­ Mr. KIRBY. Then, I will ask if the committee hns made mittees. where departments are found to have broken .down and any finding at all as such and reported anything? failed in their duties; but, Mr. President, the committee felt Mr. HITCHCOCK. It has not. that such .a report would be inadequate; the committee felt Mr. KIRBY. Has it made any findings as a committee? that it wonld not do simply to make scapegoats of a few offi­ Mr. IDTCHCOCK. As I have said, it voted to report two bills cials; it felt that the higher duty of the committee was to to remedy the troubles which it found. point out a remedy for the future, and so it reported these bills. Mr. KIRBY. That is what I wanted to lmow. At this point, Mr. President. I deem It proper t9 say that, 1\lr. HITCHCOCK. We foond that we are only now, nine without regard to the action taken by the Democrats of the months after entering the war, just beginning work on two great committee, the action of the Republtcan members was particu­ powder plants, costing $90,000.000, the powder from which will larly patriotic and loyal. They waived any possible political not be available until next August. We found that we need benefit which their party might have derived from denouncing a million pounds of powder a day more thau America is produc4 those in power, and willingly joined their Democratic associates ing. We found that the need of this powder was tmown last in pointing out whnt they felt would 1·emedy tnc evils in the spring, and that now for the first time we are beginning fo build future. the factories in which the powder is to be .made. 1608 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE . FEBRUARY 4,

We found that though the :Medical Department asked for It seems that the records which they have been using to decide hospital ships last July they have not yet been ordered, though up-on the sizes for shoes are the records of the Civil War; and sick and wounded men are now already beginning to come home, during the Civil War so many boys in their teens were taken and it will take three months to equip the ships. into the service that the sizes of shoes were phenomenally I do not deny that we also found much that was creditable small; so that instead of making any study of what the average and satisfactory. The task undertaken was a huge one and size ought to be for grown i:nen, they have been making hundreds much of the work has been ably done. Personally, I know that of thousands of boys' shoes to supply the present Army. some of the War Department officials who have been most severely Mr. FLETCHER. Mr. President, may I ask the Senator a criticized have worked desperately hard. This comment covers question? the Secretary of War himself, who has had a burden of detail Mr. HITCHCOCK. I yield. which has kept him at his office all day arid far into the night Mr. FLETCHER. Of course, it is 1·ealized that shoes wear most of the time. These considerations lead me to hold a de­ out and you have to keep on supplying them. It seems to me it fective organization responsible for the shortcomings to a greater becomes important to know when these shoes were to be deliv- . degree than any individual or group of individuals. ered. · If a high-class business man could be made director of muni­ Mr. HITCHCOCK. They were to be deliv~red by June of tions and be given power to buy all supplies needed by the this year. various bureaus of the War Department, he would soon bring Mr. WEEKS. 1\Ir. President-- • order out of disorder, cut red tape, stop delays, and. furp.ish the The VICE PRESIDENT. Does the Senator :from Nebraska Army with its supplies promptly and economically. We would yield to the Senator :from Massachusetts? then locate and centralize responsibility and authority. .The Mr. HITCHCOCK. I yield. business of supplying the department would be run on up-to-date ·Mr. WEEKS. I wish to call to the attention of the Senator methods of great business concerns. Great Britain had to come from Nebraska the fact that the committee hearings contain a t9 it. France had to come to it. list of the contracts made for shoes, and, of course, the total In both cases it was resisted. In both cases it proved neces­ number of pairs of shoes ordered; and it is between twenty and sary, and has been a tremendous succe~s. twenty-one million pairs. I have here, and I should like to read it if I bad the time, a Mr. HITCHCOCK. I did not remember that fact. I am sure speech delivered in the House of Commons during the last year of the figures, however. I have no doubt of it in the world, by the 1\Ilnister of Munitions; and, as one of the members of ·because I did not content myself with one verification. , the Houso of Commons said after the Minister of Munitions Mr. WARB.EN. Mr. President, will the Senator permit me took his seat, it reads like a tale of Arabian Nights, so great to interrupt him? have heen the accomplishments of the Ministry of Munitions Mr. HITCHCOCK. I yield. since it was established in Great Britain-an enormous increase Mr. WARREN. Does the Senator know whether any portion in production, an enormous reduction of costs, a great increase of that large number of shoes was ordered for our allies? I am in the efficiency of the ammunition. Compare that with the asking for-information. I do not know myself. disorder, the confusion, the delays, the blunders of our supply Mr. HITCHCOCK. It was reported as having been ordered departments in the Army! for our Army. I do not suppose· the War Department could West Point makes a good soldier, but it spoils a business man, have ordered anything for our allies. They make their own as a rule. To undertake to place in the hands of a West Point purchases, under proper regulations. I hope our allies will be graduate, educated for war, the great business duty of going kind enough to take some of the surplus off of our hands, how­ out into the business world and getting supplies in enormous ever. [Laughter in the galleries.] quantities is folly. · The VICE PRESIDENT. The occupants of the gallerie~ No amount of hard work can compensate for lack of business must keep quiet. The Chair is not going ·to ay that very many sense and experience. Some of the reported blunders almost times more in the Senate. surpa s belief. I am told, Mr. President, on good authority, Mr. HITCHCOCK. l\1r. President, I am told that one order that we have ordered 21,000,000 pairs of shoes for our Army, of iron bolts affords a picturesque example of the methods used and they will all be delivered before June. What are we going in the supply department. This order specified 325 different to do with 21,000,000 pairs of shoes for an army of 1,300,000 sizes of iron bolts, and it provided that the manufacturers men? Why, Great Britain, in the three and one-half years she should supply exactly the same number of each of the 325 has been in the war, with her enormous army, has not ordered sizes. Here were sizes commonly used and sizes rarely used, as many shoes as that. Apparently it was an effort to make sizes current and sizes obsolete; and this genius in the depart-­ up for the lack of overcoats by giving an excess of shoes. ment is reported to have ordered 170,688 of each of the 325 Mr. MYERS. Mr. President, may I ask the Senator if he sizes! The order was sent back to the War Department twice, considers that statement ·authoritative? because the commercial world could not believe that such a Mr. HITCHCOCK. I do, and I have verified it. preposterous order was intended; and the order embraced over 1\Ir. WILLIAMS. 'Vho made the statement? 100 carloads of bolts. Mr. HITCHCOCK. I can not tell the Senator where I got it Mr. VARD.U!AN. What are those bolts used for? first. I have made inquiry, though, -at sources which I deem Mr. HITCHCOCK. I suppose they are u ed in construction authoritative, and that is a fact; and I may say, in addition to work, probably in France. I am glad to say that the matter that, that they have even been cons~dering ordering 7,000,000 has been sent back a third time. This time to Gen. Goethals, pairs more. and I ~ave every reason to belie\e that the order will be Mr. WILLIAl\IS. The Senator has the statement upon hear­ modified. · say, and he is giving his bearsy to the country without stating I am told that some genius in one of the War Department the source of the information. bureaus succeeded in shipping to France in our much-needed Mr. HITCHCOCK. Well, 1\:Ir. President, I do not want to cargo space a ·carload of sawdust, and that when it was recei\ed involve anyone in difficulties by what I may say. _ there by an American official engaged in the work of construc­ 1\:Ir. WILLIAMS. Then; if that is the case, would it not tion behind the lines he swore a streak that was blue and long have been wlser if the Senator had not repeated it? about the follies of the War Department here, because if there Mr. HITCHCOCK. I am perfectly willing for the Senator to is anything that is common and anything easily obtained in dispute it and bring in any evidence to the contrary. The in­ France it is sawdust. quiry that I have made to verify many of my statements has been among men who have come here to serve the Government Mr. TOWNSEND. Mr. President, does the Senator mean a during the war, and I dislike to get any of those men into carload or a cargo? · trouble; .but I assure the Senator they are men in position to Mr. HITCHCOCK. I understood it was a carload. I hope it know what the records show. · was not a cargo. Mr. WILLIA.l't1S. It is all mere hearsay, after all; is it not? I ha\e understood that 150 tons of meat taken over to France Mr. BECKHAM. Mr. President, may I ask the Senator a in one of our cargo ships, and receipted for on the other side, question? was brought back to Hoboken, and then they discovered that it Mr. HITCHCOCK. I yield. had spoiled on the way, because the refrigerating plant had been Mr. BECKHAM. Was there any evidence before the com­ turned off, and the compartment in which this 150 tons of meat mittee as to this large number of orders for shoes? was located had never been opened. · Mr. HITCHCOCK. No; that particular figure may not have SEVERAL SENATORS. Why? been before the committee, Mr. President. The fact was before Mr. HITCHCOCK. Echo answers, " Why? " Why do a lot the committee, however, that the Quartermaster Department of these things happen? had supplied the various camps with shoes so small that the Mr. MARTIN. Mr. President, I will ask the Senator if that men could not wear them. I have learned the reason for that, is a m·ei;e rumor, or if he has any evidence of the correctness of and it is a very interesting reason, that I should like to give~ the statement? r· t - ,...- I ~ l 5-, .- ~, 1.) 1918. 1609'

:Mr. IDTCHCOCK. That is a report that was widely Pub- 1\Ir. 'VILLIAl\IS: hfr. President, ·.does the · Serultor object to lished some months ago and never denied by anybody. . telling us who told him that? 1\Ir. MARTIN. · I do not Imow that anybody is called on to 1\Ir. IDTCHCOCK. I shall not give names for any statement deny an the vague rumors that are published in the press, but I make. I soggest to the Senator that it is hardly likely to be true. :Mr. \VILLIAl\18. Very welL Mr. WILUAMS. Would the Senator mind telling me where 1\Ir. HITCHCOCK. But the Senator.. ii he will inquire of it was published? the proper authorities, will find that those orclers were given, 1\Ir. ffiTCHCOCK. It was published in the Philadelphia and that it was a civilian who discovered the thing and took it Ledger by :Mr. Colcord, who for three months bas been render­ personally to the Secretary of W ru·. · ing a great service to his country by visiting shipyards. dis­ Mr. 'VILLIA1\1S. I hope the Senator will not misunderstand covering the f11cts, and exposing the evils; among other things, me and not conclude that I am being hypercritical ; but the exposing the folly of the Shipping Board's prediction that it Senator is taking the counb.-y into his confidence, and he is would build 6,000,000 tons of ships this year when eYerybody doing it without giving his autlwrity. with information knew that half that tonnage was barely Mr. IDTCHCOCK. Well, what I say will be open to criti­ possible. cism and open to refutation; and I shall hope that some Senator l\Ir. \VILLIAl\iS. I did not catch the man's name. will stangeneral denial when Mr. 'VILLIAMS. He was the father of this report? there is nG evidence. I enter a general denial. Mr. HITCHCOCK. He was the man who published the :Mr. HITCHCOCK. I shall leave it to the jury. report, and no man has denied it. Fortunately, one of the civilian committeemen outside of the: Mr. WEEKS. lllr. Pres1dent, if I may interrupt the Senator War Department discovered the conflicting orders and the once more, I will remind him that th~t matter was brought up enormous aggregate. and secured a revision. in the committee, and either the Quartermaster General or the I merely cite these things to show the degree of ability we Secretary of Wa1· was a ked the question if it was true. ancl have in our supply rlepartments in the War Department at the he stated that it was and addecl some other matters connected present time, what they are doing, what they are trying to do, with it. a.ncolonel, ment? and he was supposed to give orders to major generals ancaptain, tlown Secretary Baker has been patient, painstaking, and energetic, finally to a lieutenant, and then finally they have run out of the whenever a martel" bas been called to his personal attention, basement and been unable to find anyone with authority to to remedy it ; but running a war does not consist simply in act. It is like the old story of a man who started to go some· listening to complaints and remedying them. The Secretary of where in the country and followed the directions which were War ought not to be compelled to have sueh matters come given him. He first walked upon a broad l'lighway, and then to him. he was directed into a country road. Then he was directed 1\fr. President, I am giving too much time . to these small into a cow path, and he followed the cow path until it turned matters. I have larger ones ahead. into a squirrel track and ran up a tree. [Laughter.] It has I am told that three different orders were made out for bags been very much that way, Mr. President, with people who .for gas masks. One was for a m:Hllon bags, another for 2,000,()()(} have undertaken to do business here in Washington during bags, while a third was for 5,000,000 bagS. these war time • 1610 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SEN ATE_ FEBRUARY 4,

Mr. McKELLAR. Will the Senator yield? to ai~ in carrying on the war. It is intended to give to the Presi­ Mr. IDTCHCOCK. I yield. dent additional powers and machinery through which to act. Mr. McKELLAR. In reference to the statement the Senator It is intended to strengthen the administration and to coordi­ made n few moments ago about the number of shoes · that had nate GoYernment functions which are now operating more or been ordered, on page 893 of the hearings it will be found that less without coordination. It neither adds. to nor subtracts there were ordered and contracted for between March 27, 1916, from the presidential power. He has now the power to coordi­ and December 31, 1917, 21,117,612 pairs of shoes. I just wanted nate all the heads of departments and bureaus and boards of the actual facts to be shown. government, but he does not do it and can not do it; neither Mr. HITCHCOCK. t thank the Senator for this proof. I could any other man in the Executive office. His power to have not undertaken to delay the Senate with proof. I am coordinate is only theoretical and nominal, because he lacks the stating fads us I have found them. machinery of government through which to exercise it. But to go back. Finally the Secretary of War or some one in We all know that even in peace times the office. of Pre ident authority has realized the impossibility of the colonel acting is burdensome beyond the strength of the ordinary man. From as a superior officer to Maj. Gen. Goethal!i and the other major ~arly morning until bedtime he is under a pressure. He bas O'enerals and brigadier generals at the head of the supply de~ close relations with the 10 executive heads of great department , partments in the War Department, and now the next step has is liable to visits from nearly a hundred Senators and more been taken. Since the introduction and its report to the Sen­ than 400 Representatives, distinguished out-of-town visitors, ate of the bill providing for a director of munitions another governors of States, mayors of cities, writers of books, eeker step has been taken. By administrative orders the office of for office. It is not necessary for me to recite the many tasks surveyor of purcha es was created, with ruther vague and that call on the President's time and the heavy burden be doubtful authority and somewhat undefined duties. He has struggles und~r. A vast correspondence is constantly arriving no p~~\'er to make \var purchases, because legislation is neces­ at the White House, the diplomatic representations of other sary to vest him with power. The power under legislation is nations take some of his time, and in war times like these it in the officers in the War Department. The President can not . might well take all of the President's time in the s_tudy of the give the surveyor of purchases power to take away authority delicate and intricate foreign relations which mean so much from the officers. The legislation must come from Congress. to the United States. He is his own foreign minister. Legis­ All this new official can do as a matter of law is to give advice. lative matters often require much study and many conferences. In this position bas been placed one of the best of business Thousands of commissions and tens of thousand of letter:< must men, 1\lr: Edward Stettinius, a man of broad experience, big be signed. A daily program of current reading follows. This vision, and acknowledged ability in his line. He served the indicates the presidential life in time of peace. S-p.ddenly the allies for many months, and if he were vested with power he Nation is plunged into war. Congress could do nothing better would be, in my opinion, a great director of munitions. But than to vest in the President a lot of additional powers. He the same folly ha · once again been created in putting a strong appointed men to exercise them so that now he has the over­ man merely in an advisory position for the purpose apparently sight not only of the executive departments represented by the of uvoid.ing an acceptance of the self-evident reform which two so-called Cabinet meetings each week but of many addi­ ha been in existence in England for nearly two yeal's and in tional war bureaus. Some exist by authority of Congres~, some France for about the same length of time. without it. Let me mention some of them: All of these experimental efforts are made when experi­ 1. The Board Controlling Priority of Freight Shipments. ence shows that the simple, direct, and effective method is to 2. The Raw Materials Board. change the law; to take the power of purchase out of the hands 3. The \Var Industries Board. of militnry men and put it in the hands of a business man who 4. The Food .Administration. will act on business methods in making purchases and in plan­ 5. The Fuel Administration. ning ahead for purchases. So much for the director of muni­ 6. The Shipping Board. tions. 7. The Aircraft Production Board. 1\Ir. President, thi brings me to the war cabinet. This bill 8. The Allies' Purchasing Board. has been received with a strange degree of antagonism, yet it 9. The War Trade Board. . is based on experience in Great Britain and to some extent in 10. The Director General of Railroads, and a number of France. Great Britain found the same weakness which we have others, all exercising great functions of war. found, and overcame it by establishing a war cabinet. Can the President coordinate them? Can be ·give the time Some question was raised the other day as to the character of to bring them together and harmonize them in the proper work the war cabinet in Great Britain, so I applied to the British without any machinery to do it? It is utterly beyonu the pos i­ Embassy here for information. This is the information I get. bility. These great war bureaus should be focused in some The war cabinet i composed a.S follows : authority that would harmonize them and coordinate them. Mr. Lloyd,George, Lord Milner, Lord Curzon, Mr. Bonar Law, Mr. That is what is proposed in the bill for a war cabinet of three G. N. Hames, Gen. J. C. Smuts. men. At present these bureaus are running independently and Mr. Uonar Law i the only member of tbe war cabinet holding a port­ folio, un

I have said a weak attempt at coordination was made by Con­ was any hurry for those .shipments or not. A priority order g,l'ess. We created a Council of National Defense, but unfor­ has become a joke. . . tunately we placed upon it, or authorized the President to place Mr. SMITH of Georgia. Then, Mr. President, were we not upon it, six overworked Cabinet officers. You can not get good responsible for paSsing such a broad law, allowing these pri· ervice from overworked men. You can not get plans. Y~m ority orders? can not get valuable services from men who are buried up to 1\Ir. HITCHCOCK. Well, Mr. President, I suppose we must their eyes in work from early morning until late at night. assume our share of the responsibility ; but if there had been a England tried It and failed, a.nd every other country that has war cabinet, where the director of priority orders would come tried it has failed. in contact through the cabinet with the Administrator of · This body of weary men meets only twice a week in the Fuel, with the Administrator of Food, with the Shipbuilding Council of National Defense, and often there are only three of Board, with the Aircraft Board, and with the other War Depart_. them there. The others are called hither and yon.. The only ment activities, there would have been some coordination of fac­ vital force in the organization of the Council of National De­ ulties, and priority shipments would have had some relation to fense is the director, Mr. Gifford. He has rendered a great their importance. service, but it has been only an udvisory service. Mr. Gifford Mr. SMITH of Georgia. Then, Mr. President, does not the is merely an advisor. We have brought great men here to Senator really think that we, in passing the legislation, ought Washington-great business men-but merely placed them in to have put a limitation upon the use of priority orders so as advisory positions instead of positions where they w~uld have to have made it impossible for this confusion to have arisen? power to act. Mr. HITCHCOCK. That would undoubtedly have made mat­ Let me return to the members .of the Council of National De­ ters better. fense. When war came two, at least, of their departments were Take the matter of contracts for production. Obviously, in thrown into a feverish state of activity-the War and Navy De­ contracting for production of supplies for Europe, some sort partments. They were enormously expanded and enlarged. of regard should have been had for the capacity of our ships to Their chiefs were overwhelmed with a great burden of in­ take them, yet various bureaus have rushed production in facto­ creased work. They are at their desks from early morning till ries to an enormous extent until there are now piled up on the late at night. They have no time even to think of anything docks of a few great harbors nearly 2,000,000 tons or more ot outside of their immediate pressing problems. To give them out­ freight awaiting shipment. and every day adds to the mass and side functions and responsibilities means to overburden them makes the confusion more confounded, and the pile grows and make certain that the work will not be done. Therefore, larger day by day. Some of the men who had been manufac­ when we took a number of these overworked department chiefs turing these products ought to have been employed in building and constituted them a Councll of National Defense we did a ships; and they would have been so employed it there had vain thing. To be of any value as a coordinating body the been a war cabinet to coordinate these two great energies. Council of National Defense should be composed of men having Here again there has been no power to coordinate between pro­ no other duties and vested with full power. Being composed of duction and transportation across the Atlantic. Now, we must men already overworked, the council bas proved to he merely begin to curtail production. a name, without activity, without energy, and without life. Again, in the selection of fac-tories for the manufacture of · Realizing this fact, an effort was put forth to make it a reality goods, care should have been exercised not to congest popula­ by adding to It an " advisory commission " of men from the tion beyond the housing possibilities, but enormous contracts business world. This brought to Washington many able men have been made which required the concentration of tens of who served on various committees of the advisory commission thousands of workmen without anyone planning ahead for the of the Council of National Defense. But it added to the ·com­ housing of the extra men. . plication and confusion. These men found they had in law no Again, it may be said that one of the inevitable results of power. They found no organization or coordination. One by the war is that manufacturing institutions engaged in peace­ one they have gradually become discouraged and many have al­ time occupations will find a falling off in the demand, and xeady resigned and retired to private life. Many of those still factories will become to some extent idle. That occurs ln persisting talk freely of the disorder and lack of system in the every country; and where the demand falls off those fac· war activities of the Government, and all of them believe that tories will become unprofitable and may have t-o close. They we ought to have something the equivalent of a war cabinet. should receive Government orders ; Government orders should Look at the situation as it presents Itself to-day, nine months be distributed to them. Instead of supplying work to these after we entered the war, and even before we have fought a factories the . tendency has been to mass the work in fac­ battle. tories of a few States . and congest the labor population, so I have already spoken of the supply departments of the Army. that to-day there are thousands of factories in the country with Now let us look at some of the activities entirely outside of facilities for doing Government work, or capable of being trans­ ~ny of the 10 executive departments. Take the matter of trans­ formed so they can do Government work, which have lost a large portation. It is not too much to say that the great transporta­ share of their occupations of peace and are not in receipt of tion system of the United Stares has broken down. It is a any Government work, so that the lines of idle men are already gigantic wreck to-day; even travel has become difficult. Freight appearing in those Central and Western States, while there is shipments are demoralized to such an extent as the country has an enormous shortage of labor in the congested regions. If we never known anything of. Anticipating troubles of this sort, bad had some power of coordinating the work of various Congress authorized the control of shipments, and the granting bureaus, this evil would not have resulted. Our industrial es­ of priority of shipments became one of the functions of govern­ tablishment is likely to break down. We have had no one to ment. How is it exercised? . coordinate; no one who was in touch with the Aircraft Board, It is exercised in such a way as to make "confusion worse the Shipping Board, the War Supply Department, or any of confounded " ; and on some of the roads 80 per cent of the freight the other departments requiring production; no one to coordi­ has been traveling on priority orders, with no discrimination nate them and see that all of the mass of production was not and no one to select. Every department of Government, ap­ centered within a few miles. parently, from the smallest quartermaster's clerk up to the Take the matter of the Fuel Administration. Congress au­ highest official, was permitted to blue-tag Government ship. thorized the control of the fuel of the country, and an attempt ments and give them priority regardless of whether there was has been made to control prices, supply, and distribution, but it any hurry for their transportation or not: There was no one has apparently been made without any successful effort to co­ to coordinate, no one to differentiate, no one to select, and the ordinate the work with other functions of the Government, great mass of Government shipments was permitted to clog the To-day W(' have a fuel famine in the country, not because we channels of transportation. Anchors for ships not yet built were lack productive mines but because they have not been permitted rushed to their places of destination months before they could to operate. Lack of knowledge, lack of transportation, and lack possibly be used. Hundreds of carloads of pLies for construe- of harmony between the Fuel Administration and other functioruJ . tion work were rushed across the country and allowed to remain of the Government are the causes of the breakdown. upon the cars for ~veeks, because the time bad not yet come to I am impersonal in what I say. I am not attributing unr use them. There was no supreme power, apparently, to limit part of the failure to the Fuel Administrator, though some the enormous and dangerous control of priority shipments, and would attribute it to him; but I am saying that it is the system the whole transportation system of the country was thrown into which is chiefly at fault-the failure to have any coordination confusion. There was no one ta coordinate priority orders with between-his bureau and the 0t11ers. . - , the needs of the country; no one to differentiate, to select; If there had been some authority which could have brought the and the great mass of Government shipments was permitted to Fuel Administration 'into close contact with the mining and labot' clog the channels of transportation, regardless of whether there 1nterests of the country and with the war industries· of the e<>nn· LVI-103

- il612 CONGRESS!ON AL RECOE:D-SENATE.

try, as well as into conference with the Priority of Shipments not beEm informed, or did his sanguine disposition and hopeful Board and other branches of the Government, much of the pres­ nature lead him to predict a result which the facts did not ent breakdown could have been prevented. But the Fuel Ad­ justify? I am quite curious to know· what explanation the ministration, like the Food Administration, the War Industries Senator has of the attitude of the Secretary of War on this Board, the Raw Materials Board, the Priority of Shipments vital question. Board, the Shipping Board, the Aircraft Production Board, and Mr. HITCHCOCK. Well, Mr. President, I really am not able all of the otb.er boards, was running an independent course. Its to explain and I would not like.. to attempt to explain the motives activities were not focused with the ~ther activities at any which led the Secretary of War to make such a statement. . I point. Its decisions wer-e reached 1llld its orders were made prac­ consider it reckless. I think it a terrible thing to mislead the tically as though the others did not -exist. It started trouble people when the tncts are ascertainable. My own opinion is last summer by fixing prices for eoal at such figures as to make that the Secretary of War has not been in touch with the Ship­ impossible the operation -of hundreds of small mines. It ping Board ; that there has been nothing to coordinate the Ship­ reached a climax in midwinter by closing arbitrarily for more ping Board with the other functions of Government; and that than a week thousands of industri~s, throwing millions of there has not been knowledge in high places of what the actual laborers and clerks out of work and -causing the loss of millions facts were. That is my idea. I do not think the Secretary of of dollars. . War purposely misled the country. Let any Sen a tor take a The Aircraft Production Board, straining every nerve to pencil and paper and figure the matter out for himself. Under secure aircraft and aircraft materials, already two months be­ the most favorable circumstances it takes 5 tons of shipping hind on its program, found its production interfered with. The to supply one man in France. . I mean by that that the ships allied Governments, purchasing in this country products neces­ must sail regularly, cross rapidly, and be loaded and unloaded sary to the war, found some of their factories embarrassed. promptly. These figures take no account of the transports The Shipping Board, waiting for materials from certain plants, necessary to take men across the ocean. They contemplate only found their program interfered with. Almost every other de­ . the supplying of men over there. It makes no allowances fo1· partment of the Government stood nghast at the r-evolutionary sinldngs, no allowances for delays, no allowances for bad load­ character of an oTder that they had no knowledge of until it ap­ ing, nil of which have already occurred and are still occurring. peared in the public press. I know it may be said that there was It m11.kes no .allowances for hospital ships that will be needed. a confer-ence, but, as a matter of fact, the thing which had been Now, figure up what total tonnage of shipping in constant discussed at the conference was n-ot the thing which was brought and effective operation would be necessary to supply a million out in 1\ir. Garfield's -order. It is true that following the order men in France, supposing we .could get them over there. We constantly increasing lists of exceptions were made so as to find that for supply alone it will require 5,000,000 tons of ship­ remedy in part the evil that had been inflicted :and the damage ping in constant use. Where is that shipping? When are we that llad been done, but the illustration sh{)WS the evils of 'G{}v­ going to get 5,000,000 tons of shipping? The figures of our ernment bureaus operating without coordination. It is safe shipping have been presented. They are available in the offices to say if there had been a war cabinet to which this order could of the Shipping Board. I wish I could hope that we will have have been submitted to the acid test of its effect on the various 5,000,000 tons of shipp1ng for cargo supply a year from now. branches of the Government and indnstry it never would .have I hope it, but there is not a brilliant prospect of having it even been i sued in its existing form. a year from now. Take the Sl1ipping Board. That was an authority {)f law These ftgures-5 tuns of shipping per man-contemplate 'Only created near1y .a y~ and a half ago, in the fall of 1916, months the supplying of the men. They make n-o allowance for sink­ before we got into the war. It has been running as an independ- ings, no allowance for delays, no 1l.llowance for bad loadings. . ent branch of the Government, coordinating with' nothing else all '()f which have already occurred.; and I have been informed whatever. F'{)r m-onths it was more th1lll a dismal failure; it was that under the management -of the Quartermaster Department a farce and almost a crime. Even since it got into more vigor­ our ships have been running at an e:fficiency of from only 30 to ous operation it has been enormously handicapped and embar­ 60 per cent, -due to delays, due to bad loadings, due to mistakes rassed because there has been little or no eoordlnatiori of its and blunders. energies and operations with the energies and operations of Mr. WILLIAMS. Mr. President, I hate to bother the Sena­ other brunches. It has needed materials; it has needed labor~ tor- and evet-y -effort should have been made to get the materials and Mr. HITCHCOCK. I am perfectly willing to be Interrupted. get the labor supply in priority over every -other :activity of Mr. WILLIAMS. Does the Senator mind giving his authority Government. It is a matter of common report, however, that for that statement? enormou delays have occurred in our shipyru·ds because of Mr. HITCHCOCK. That it takes 5 ton of shipping per man? their f.ailure to receive materials as well as because labor has Mr. WILLIAMS. No; that the efficiency has been onJy 30 been diverted in other directions. I have been told on what I per cent. The Senator said he was informed of It, but he did deem reliable authority that 1;000 carloads of ship plates made not state by whom. for the Shipping Board, loaded upon cars at the place of manu­ 1\fr. HITCHCOCK. That is the estimate, and I have made 1t facture, were lo t in the congestion of freight for more than a 30 to ~0 per cent because it is an estimate. It ha been made month while the shipyards waited anxiously for their arrival. by men in whose judgment I have a good deal of confidence ; Production of war materials for Europe has been rushed to com­ not by {)ne man, but by a number of different men. I have })letion in .factories by labor which should have been employed endeavored to verify it. I can not vouch for it absolutely. I in building ships; and, as I have said, 2,000,000 tons of freight hope the ·efficiency is 100 per cent ; but if it i 100 per c nt it rushed to production are piled up now on our docks and can not will still take 5,000,000 tons of shipping to supply our soldiers be transported because of the lack of ships. These things over there. would have been coordinated if we had had a war cabinet, if Mr. WILLIAMS. Still, the information as to the efficiency we had had some one. to coordinate, bring together, and focus is sueh that the Senator does not care to give it? these functions of g-overnment that·are now running wild. Now Mr. HITCHCOCK. I prefer not to give it. I am even going we have the products filling every warehouse, sidetrack, and to avoid putting into the RECORD the actual upply of hipping. · ·dock without the ships to earry them. I have got it bere. I know what the shipping was on the 30th The present condition of our shipbuilding is nothing less than of November. I know what part of it was pa enger vessels shocking. The present supply of shipping is worse than alarm­ and tankers, and I have subtracted them, and what part of it ing. I am afraid to go too deeply into the figures, for one might was not and can not be in trans-Atlantic waters, and I have be charged with giving-information of value to the enemy were subtracted that. The result is so pitifully small that I agree one to tell the truth about the present supply of shipping. ·All with some others who believe that we are facing an enormous who are informed a.s to the present supply of our shipping were disappointment when the truth finally becomes known to the thunderstruck at tne statements of Secretary Baker before the War Department. It will not do to have a few hnndred Military Affairs Committee. His sanguine predictions as to our thousand men or five hundred thousand men or a million men ability to ship men to Europe and to ~pply them when there over there and not be able to supply them . • We would be face are exaggeration::: of the wildest sort. to face wit:h one of the greatest disasters of the world if such a Mr. PENROSE. Mr. President-- thing occurred. It would be folly to get into such a disaster, The PRESIDING OFFICER (1\Ir. HoLLis In the chair). Does and it is a miserable thing for us to live in a fool's paradise the Senator from Nebraska yield to the Senator from Pennsyl­ and to think that we can do the impossible. vania? We all know that the tutal tonnage of shipping available Mr. HITCHC0G7{. I do. . now to the United States is nothing like enough to supply a • 1\fr. PENROSE. I run curious to know whether any explana­ million men. We all fear that it will not approximate that tion bas occurred to t"he Senator as to how the Secretary· of War amount a year from now, even if we build 3,000,000 tons this .was so widely apart from the facts in this connection. Had he year, and there are no sinkings and no losses. Yet . tile Secre- 1918. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD:-:-SENATE. l6l3 tary of 'Vur, who is compelJed to depend on shipping to get 1\lr. OVERMAN. Mr. President, why could they not get the his Army and Rupplies across the ocean, is so out of touch with timber in the South? 1lle Shipping Board and shipping authorities and shipping Mr. HITCHCOCK. I urn tolc.l tl1at there was none largo information that he makes a statement that is absolutely pre. enough there. I do not know any better reason. po terous. I have no doubt of his , incerity, but his act indi- Mr. WILLI1L'IS. That is evidently not true, 1\Ir. President. cates again tho extent to which one department is out of touch ·There is plenty of lumber in the southern pine forests large witl1 another department with which it ought to be coordinated. enough for keels. Everybody knows that who knows anything \Ve apparently have no authority to plan out a program. No about the South. one is deciding how much shipping we have, how much is a'\"ail- Mr. HITCHCOCK. Well, this is testimony that develope

Mr. HITCHCOCK. I congratulate the Senator; and, having shall be· abie to do this thing, vested with authority to do it, discovered that there is one Senator here who knows the ins and that somebody is to be the President of the United States, and outs-of the Government, I shall apply to him in the future who is already very fully vested with authority. when I find myself confused. _ Mr. HITCHCOCK. No; the· S~mator · misunderstands me. :Mr. STONE. If the Senator will do so, and will notify me The President appoints the men and the men do the coordinat­ that he desires to ee some pa1·ticular officer of the Government ing. ab<>ut any particu1nr thing, while I have no means, so far as I am Mr. WILLIAl\1S. But the President can now appoint the advised, nor right to any means, so far as I am advised, of men, and the men now do the coordinating. obtaining the informati-on desired, if the Senator can not find Mr. HITCHCOCK. He can not. They can not have any it and will advi e with me I will undertake to tell him whom power .u:n:le it is given by Congre s. to see. Mr. WILLIAMS.. The President has already appointed those 1\Ir. IDTCHCOCK. I thank the Senator. same men as Secretary of War, Secretary of the Navy, and Sec­ Mr. WILLIAMS. Mr. President, would the Senater mind my retary of the Treasury, and these three men are already trying asking him a very simple question, almost an idiotic one? to coordinate. Mr. HITCHCDCK. Not at ill. Mr. HITCHCOCK. They are not. They can not. It is im­ Mr. WILLIAMS. I notice that the blll fou which the Senator possible. They are occupied. is vouching mentions. I think, " three distinguished men " of Mr. WILL!Al-1S. How can anybody else named by the Presi­ "demonstrated ability" who are to form a war council. Will dent do what these three can. not do, and how could the President the Senator please tell me by whom they are to be distinguished, hav any ability supe1·ior to that which he now has if we pass and before .whom they: are to demonstrate. theil: ability? And the bill? then, after he is through with that, will he please tell me wllat Mr. HITCHCOCK. The Senator, I hope, will now desi~t fr&m three men he would pick out,. or· dare :Qick out, now? him questioning frnd let me cover my ground. I am not criticiz­ Mr. HITCHCOCK. It is very well known that the President ing th~ Secretary of War or the Secretary of the Navy or any of the United States will have the- authority to select the three other Secretary. I have endeavored to· avoid personal criticism. distinguished men of d~onsqated executive ability. I am excusing them. I am saying that the system is such that M-r. WILLIAMS. The President of the . United States has· even if the Secretary of 'Var runs the War Department in a already selected a Secretfrry of the Nn.vy and Secretary of, good way and the. Secretary of the Navy runs his department as War and n Secretary or St..•t.te· who, in his opinion~ are three wen as. he lmows how and the Food Administrator runs his as d1stingtrished gentlemen of demo:nstrated abllity. . What I am well as. be knows how, and the Fuel Administrator as wen as he trying to get at i this: . You m·e talking about the need of busi­ knows how, if they have separate plans they are in the predica­ ness ability in connection with this war. I venture to say ment of the five brothers who built a house. There is an old rig):lt now you can not name three men that you would dare· story of an uncle with much money, who called in hi.s five otrer to take the place. nephews and said, "Boys, here is a great an10unt of mo-ney. I Mr. IDTCHCOCK I shall not- undertake to do it anyhow. I want you to build a hou e. Buy all the materials that you never ex:Qect ·to be eleeted President of the United States, and please. Each of yon build a part of the house." They arranged until I am I certainly would not undertake to do it. among themselves that one should build one side, one should Mr. WILLIAMS. l am talking about the three men you. build the other, one should build one end, and another the other would recommend the President-to appoint. You can not name end., and the fifth one was to build the top. They were good them. • workers; they were able men; they· knew how to build. One Mr. fiTCH COCK. I shall not name them. I shall not make built his end high and short, while the other built his- end low the eifort. and long. One bm1t a long side that was low and the other built ·Mr. WILLIAMS. You can not. a short side that was high. The fifth boy built the roof. After Mr. lliTCHCOCK. I am here for the purpgse of demon­ th-ey got the portions together they would not work.. There had str:ating that we will not have coordirultion of our forces and a been no architect, there had been nobody to plan; each one had bringing together of these various departments and bureaus tioue his own part, but there was nobody to give the master plan, until we have a coordinating body. I am here to say that the and it was not a house at all. · President does not and can not.- on. account of the· limitations 1\:tr. WILLIAMS. If the Benntor will allow me- of the human system, coordinate them. I am here to say that Mr. HITCHCOCK. Now, I am presenting the consideration it is folly to think t'hat the Secretary of War, the Secretary of that a poor architect would have been better than none; that the Navy,. or any other Government officer can pe1:form coordi­ even a poor adviser and coordinator wo:uld. haYe been better than nating functions when he is up t-o his eyes from early morning rrone. That is the predicam~nt we are in to-day. The various until late at night in the details of his own department, and it bureaus are running each independently, and they are not being is becnuse he can not do it-- coordinated. Mr. WILLIAMS I should like to ask the Senator from Mr. WILLIA...l\19'. But you say that this aulic council which Nebraska another question. If it be impossible for the Presi­ you propose to organize will f:>e the somebody to do the. coordi­ .. dent of the United States to select a fit man for the Secretary nation. The President of the United States will be- of the Navy or tbe Secretary of War and vest him with Mr. HITCHCOCK. It will be the three men under the Presi- authority to carry on this war,. then how is it possible for the dent. He has no time to do it. same man betng still President of the United States to select Mr. WILLIAMS. But the !'resident will appoint them. three distinguisl1ed gentlemen of demonstrated ability? And Mr. RITCHCOCK. He will appoint them. one more question. Mr. WILLIAMS. But the source of nuthority after all 1s Mr. IDTCHCOCK. Let me answer that. with the President. Mr. WILLIAMS. Will the S'errator please inform me how he Mr. HITCHCOCK. Absolutdy. can add to the strength o:t a chain by putting one more link Mr. WILLIAMS. Absolutel~ ~" ? in it? Mr. HITCHCOCK. AbsolutEly. Mr. HITCHCOCK. The trouble is the ·chain lacks the link lli. WILLIAMS. If the President has not enough brains now, now; it is not together. I want to bring the chain together. how can you give him brains b.V an act of Congress? Ygu have got to ha-ve· a link to bring the chain together. You Mr: HITCHCOCK. '11he. Pr~ident has brains. have not only two pieces of chain, but you have a dozen pieces Mr. WILLIAMS. I rnther hHd the idea the way the Senator of chain. Now, bring them together. It is not a question of was talking that he thought he did not have. strength, but of unity. :Mr. HITCHCOCK. If the Prl~sident of the United States had Mr. WILLIAl\-fS. And a chain is only so strong as the weak­ the brain of Omniscience and tlle genius of perfection he could est link in it. The tro-uble is I do n{)t want to add another link not do all these things. Be could not run the great foreign at­ ; to the chain. Be is not proposing to take off any links. fairs of the United States; he could not be his own prime minis­ Mr. fiTCH COCK. I am proposing that these 8 or 10 separate ter; he could not be Commander in. Chief of the Army and Navy; and inD from the people and provided Tbe Pi esident has given his reason, as far as I know, only in abundant money for their clothing, arms. and equipment, but we the press, and as it has been given by the press it is that h~ find that while they have 20 pairs of shoes apiece, tens of thou­ nlvn.! bas responsibility for the conduct ot the war. He means sands have suffered for lack of clothing and tens of thousands excluslve responsibility, apparently. The mere statement pre­ have had to drill with wooden guns. We say the answer is a sents an nbsurdity. It would be a monstrous wrong to hold him director of munitions. We supposed the various agencies of responsible for the 2,000,000 tons of freight piled up in and government created by law to carry on the war would all wo1·k around New York. It would be a monstrous wrong to hold to a single plan in ha.rm{)ny and accord. We find there has him re ponsible for the breakdown of railroad transportation. apparently been no one to plan ahead, no one to bring unity It would be a .:nonstrous wrong to hold him responsible for the of action, no one to coordinate the ·many different functions of muddle and jumble of priority of shipments. It would be n government, and we say the supreme need of the hour to wiu monstrous wrong to bold him responsible foT the shortcom­ the war is a wru· cabinet of three men to do these things. ings of the Ordnance and the Quartermaster DePartments. It Mr. WILLIAMS. Mr. President, I have listened with a great would be a monstrous wrong to hold him responsible for the deal of attention and respect to the speech just made by the suffering unnecessarily of sick in the cantonments of the C'oun­ Senator from Nebraska [Mr. HITCHCOCK]. Jeremiah and his try. It would be a monstrous wrong to hold him responsible for lamentations are not in it with the Senator from Nebraska. the delay in tbe construetion of a powder factory, so that it He begins away back yonder and tells us that we have no ships. i: only to be built nine months after the war broke out, although He tells us that we. have not this nor that nor the other thing its necessity was known last summer. It would be a monstrous that we need anct that every one of us h.'"Ilows we need. He wrong to hold him responsij:)le for this and other shortcomings, has drawn an indictment against the executive departments becau e, as I have said, nothing but the genius of perfection and of the Federal Government that is very strong. During the the power of omniscience would make-it possible for a man course of his remarks he said that he might be accused of giving to be responsible for these things, 1and then he WO-uld bP more information useful to the enemy if be disclosed all that he than a man. He can not at one time design and conduct our knew. He has disclosed about all he did know, and he gave difficult and delicate foreign policy and perform the ·ctntic:>.s of information very useful to the enemy. Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy or organize and Mr. resident, the human memory is a treacherous and a. uesign all the legislation for Congress to pass• .dictate all the foolish thing. It leads a man whither it wil!. :Mine leads me industrial, financial, and political activities of the -ecuntry, and right now back to a day in this Senate when men were standing look after the expenditure of $250,000,000 a week~ It is out of here. wanting to stop the shipment of mtmitions and food to the question and out of reason. Great Britain and to the allies. They pro~ed measures then The President has announced his opposition to both these almost us foolish as this aulic council now suggested~ Of course, bills. He does not want tJ1e committee to report the cabinet bill, if w.e h;:td stoppect the munitions and food from going to Great 1616 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE .. FEBRUARY 4,

Britain, Great Britain would merely have said, "Very well; head of the procession, Thomas Jefferson himself, and within fino your own ships. . You have none. 'Ve will take ours out of nine months converted themselves so near-ly completely into a the North. Atlantic trade. If you can not send us munitions and war machine. My boys are there and your boys are there, my can not send us footl, there is nothing else that we want f\'om sons-in-law are there and yours are there. I deny the right. of you." 1\ly memory goes back almost irresistibly to that day. any man to draw this indictment against the American people That was the German game then. The German game now ls or against the American people's Executive's control. muckraldng thi administration. If the Senator from Nebraska The Senator from Oregon tells me, antl the Senator from is right in what he has said, we are whipped already; we are out Nebraska tells me, that the trouble with the President and the of thi war game right now, because he has drawn and attempted_ Secretru·y of War is that "they do not know"; that they "can to prove an indictment against the Executive authority of the not find out"; that it is "impossible for them to know." Well, United States Government that shows not only inefficiency but will you, in God's name, then tell me how it is po ible for the it proves stupidity. He comes here with a measure to invest Senator from Nebraska and the Senator from Oregon to know-· fjthe Pre ident with more power in order to prove that the Presi­ how they are going to find out? They ru·e not the supel'ior of dent can become efficient with more power when hEr has been the President and his Secretary in native ability or brains or inefficient, in his opinion, with less power. information. Mr. President; these aulic council propositions have been tried Why should we have had all this thin"'? Why should it ·au from time to time everywhere. Even the Au trian Empire, I have come here? Was not everybody trying to do his level will inform the Senator from Nebraska, has had sense enough to best? The Senator from Oregon told us the other day in his do away with the aulic war council. Napoleon Bonaparte speech that the efforts of the Secretary of War had been "com· fOl·ced that. mendable"; the Senator from Nebraska pays a high tribute to The Senator might go back a little further in history and find him to-day; and they both pay a high tribute to the President that the senate of Carthage came very near ruining Hannibal's of the United States. Has not each one of us, here as a Senator, war plans. The Senator could go back a little in our history there as the Secretru·y of War, over there as the President, over and find out that the Continental Congress came very near ruin­ yonder as the Secretary of the Navy, out there as the Secretary ing George Washington with its committees upon the conduct of of the Treasury, been trying to do his level best? the war. This is a remarkable thing: Unlike the War between the If the Senator will he can find that it was the typical com­ States; .unlike the Mexican War; unlike the Spanish-American mittees of Congress that came very near ruining Lincoln and War, not one charge of moral crookedness has been made Grant in the Civil War. He can go below Mason and Dixon's again t any man. In the Civil War there were plenty of such line and find that the Confederate congress came very near charges made and sustained; in the Spanish-American War ruining Robert E. Lee and Jefferson Davis while they were there were plenty of them made and sustained ; in the Mexican carrying on war. War there were plenty of them made and sqstained; in the . If there is anything that any man ought to know who has War of the Revolution there were plenty of them made and any sense at all it is that Congress or a committee can not sustained. carry on a war and can not furnish the brains to anybody else Here st~nd 100,000,000 people ready to fight Germany by to carry it on. Here is this stupid bill, a stupid thing demand­ them elves, if necessary, and they can whip her by themselves. ing " three distinguished men of demonstrated ability " to be Nobody knows but that the Germans may go over the line be­ appointed by the President of the United States to carry on the tween the British and the French to-morrow; and France may war, a o-called war cabinet. " Distinguished " by whom? be put out of the war. If she is, then Italy will be put out. Ability "demonstrated" before whom? After you are through Roumania is already out; Russia is already out. Then we ro·o with it all, as the Senator just confessed in answer to a ques­ English-speaking peoples can whip Germany by our elve , and tion, it all goes back to the President of the United States and will have it to do. It may take us a long time to do it, but we the President has got to "distinguish" them .and their ability will do it. . We have got the blood; we feel "the mettle of our has got to be " demonstrated " before the President, and here is pastures"; we have the boys, and even those of us who would the President already not only armed with the duty but charged be a Government liability instead of a Government asset, still with the responsibility of distinguishing men and of recognizing have the spirit. demonstrated ability. If the President is a fool, how are you What is the use of standing here and muckraking this admin­ going to give him brains by an act of Congress? If the Presi­ istration? It is chru·ged that we have ordered too many shoes. dent of the United States is not a fool, what is the need of your My God, if we have, we can sell them later on. [Laughter.] legislation? They will go at a very good price. It is also said that we sent The Senator quoted from somebody back in the Bible. I some munitions abroad and had to bring them back. Did we? have forgotten just how it did go. " Thou art not able to hold I do not know whether we did or not. The Senator from up thy hands by thyself alone," and " they stayed his hands· Nebra ka declined to give his authority for the statement, and one on one side and the other on the other." I doubt it. I .mean I doubt the truthfulne s of his informant; I suppose the Senator from Nebraska [Mr. HITCHCOCK] is not his truthfulness, of course. But suppose we did. / Here is going to stay them up on one side and the Senator from 1\Iassa- · your circle on the blackboard with specks all around in it. chu etts [Mr. WEEKS] or the Senator from Pennsylvania [Mr. . Under it is written,, signed by the Senator from Nebraska, PENROSE], probably, stay them up on the other side. [Laughter.] " This is the sun." , Great God, Senators, if the President of the United States has You know it all reminds me a little of a fellow who once went not brains enough to perform the functions of his great office, to. see a statue, and he said, "It is a magnificent statue; the he can not be lent brains by this "staying up of hands." head is divine; the breast is superb; the legs, the legs of an My memory goes back treacherously to the time when men athlete; the arms, the arms of an athlete; but there is a little were standing upon this fioor wanting an embargo on all Ameri­ defect on the right heel;" and he went out and wrote 346 pages can commerce with Europe, but I need not dwell upon it; the on the defects in the right heel of that statue. [Laughter.] balunce of you know about it. Now, the Senator from Ne­ What is the use in it? What is the sense of it? Can we not braska has made his argument; he has drawn an indictment, help one another win this war? The Senator says he might and a powerful indictment, too, against some inefficiency that be accused of giving information u eful to the enemy. Great all of us know and that all of us recognize. I will tell you the God, I suppose so. He might be accused of it. The information trouble with the Senator from Nebraska and the trouble with would not be useful to anybody except the enemy. I doubt if it the Senator from Oregon [Mr. CHAMBERLAIN], both of whom I would be useful to the enemy, but certainly it would not be love very well--especially one of them. I will tell you the useful to anybody else. .Are we not all trying to do our very trouble with you: Y()u have b~en engaged as chairman and best? Is there. a Republican on the other side of the Chamber members of an investigating committee for four or five weeks, who is not behind the American p~ople in this war, except a and the busine s of an investigating committee is to look at few fool pacifi ts that have pretty nearly pa sed out of political specks. Everything that is called to its attention is a speck. existence? [Laughter.] Do we not know the task before us? It becomes speck obses ed. After you got through with the in­ Do we not know we have got to win? Does not the Senator vestigation you came out, and you drew a circle with chalk on from l\1ichigan know it, and does not the Senator from 'Vyoming the blackboard, and you filled it plumb full of specks, and you know it, as well as I, from Mississippi? Do we not know we wrote on it, "Thi is the sun." It is no more the sun an my have got to win, and that the only way in God's world to win is sole is my foot. [Laughter.] to support the men who happen to be in authority? I do not care The American people have faced this situation with magnifi­ who put them there. cent efficiency and I am tired of hearing them muckraked. Oh, this idle talk about pas~ing a bill for a war cabinet " in No people at any time in the whole history of the world turned order to strengthen the arms of the Pre ident," to "hold up around from a . complete peace establishment, devoted to peace his hands " ! I should think when it came to the question of and pacifism as a passion, with the apostle of democracy at the somebody strengthening my arms or holding up my hands, I 1918. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-.SENATE. 1617 would be the best judge; and I imagine ·the President is the bunting one official and ·then bunting another, and when men best judge of whether he wants that sort of sb·engthening or · c,ome to me with useful ideas I communicate their ideas to the not. You know that is not the intention of it, as well as I do; proper official. · you know it is a usurpation hy the legislative of executive The Senator says that even in peace times the President is authority; and, if you are lawyers, you know that it is abso­ oppressed with work. Of course he is. and therefore in war lutely unconstitutional. times you want to vest him with t11e duty of sel£ctlng " three Do you know · what I would do if I were PreSident of the distinguished men of demonstrated ability," as if be did not United States and you dared pass that war cabinet bill on me? have work enough to do already. Why, Senators, if there is I would veto it first; and then if yon ·passed it by a two-thirds anything that is foolish, it is the idea of trying to rebuilu majority, I would utterly refuse to obey it, upon the ground in America in the twentretb century the old obsolete auJic coun­ that the Constitution invested certain duties and liabilities in cil, which had to map out ~ampaigns for war, plans for war, at me, anll thut I could uot forsake them. Vienna and send them out to all the Austrian junkers while l\!r. GALLINGER. l\Jr. President-- they were fighting the freemen of France. Go buck to the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the Senator from 1\Iissis- stupid days ·of the Confederate Congress when it wanted to , ip11i yield to the Senator from New Hampshire? · interfere with Robert E. Lee, and when Robert EJ. Lee, in a M:r. WILLIAMS. I do. moment of his highest chivalry and com'Uge, sent his resignation Mr. GALLINGER. Does not the Senator think that, if the to Jefferson Davis and said when he came bark fTom Gettys­ President did what the Senator suggests, he would come pretty burg: .. The test of merit in my profession is success. I have nearly ,Jl1akjng himself liable to impeachment? failed." And Jefferson Davis said: "If you are not a soldier,­ Mr. WILLIAMS. Not unless two-thirds of a brute force im­ Gen. Lee, the South has none. Your resignation will not even peached me, and in violation of the Constitution; no. There be considered.', might be a two-thirds majority to impeach me in violation of Why, I heard a Senator complaining the other day about Gen. the Constitution, as they tried to impeach Andrew Johnson Crozier. Crozier has been kicked upstairs. What more do you under similar circumstances when. he refused to obey the want? Do you want to humiliate the man? If you can get rid tenure of office bill. · of him and get somebody in his place, that is all you want, is 1\!r. GALLINGER. And they came very near doing it. it not? l\fr. WILLIAMS. They came very near doing it, yes; and Then you have been complaining about the Quartermaster there is no page of American history more shameful and more General. By the way, he seems to have come out on top, as discreditable-" shameful," did I say?-" shameless "-than the near as I can judge; he seems to have known more about it page of American history that records the attempted impeach­ than his critics did. ment of Andrew Johnson for sustaining his powers ~s the l\1r. President, I did not come into the Senate this morning Executive under the Constitution against the usurpation of the with any idea of making a speech. I have just returned from Congress of the United States. the funeral of one of the dearest friends I have ever had in my Mr. GALLINGER. Mr. President, if the Senator will permit life, and I thought this morning about him while the discus­ me, I uesire to say that is the Senator's opinion, but other men sion was proceeding. He was as loyal and true to the United honestly rliffer from the Senator in that conclusion. States Government as a man could be. A Welshman by blood, 1\Ir. WILLIAMS. That may be. I do not doubt that there an. Irishman by birth, and a loyal, true American citizen, he are men everywhere who honestly differ with pretty nearly every was one of the first men to exceed in insight into this trouble. proposition one can state. I remember four or five days after war was declared in Europe Air. President, 1 heard a Senator here the other day on the I introduced a bill to enable the United States to buy and floor of the Senate complaining because they did not have any build ships. because I knew we would have to have them. I

veto it, o as to make him temporarily unpopular? I dare say this I commend them, but at the same time I think they might you would not confess that that was your motive; and yet, if have been a little more generous in giving credit for that which that be not your motive, what is your motive? What do you has been accomplished. expect to attain ·by it-not a law upon the statute books, for Mr. President, it must be borne ·in mind that we were plunged the President has already told you, as I would have told you into this war without preparation. It should not be forgotten in his place, that he does not propose to have Congress usurp that every man in this body believed, as did the President of the executive function , and that so long as he is the President of United States, that we would escape being drawn into the conflict. the United State and ve ted by the Constitution of the United In this state of almost total unpreparedness we \vere thrown State with certain duties and responsibilitie ·, he is going to into the war. We needed ships: The Senator from lUissis ippi exercise· the one and perform the other. did not discover that fact. Shortly after the first shot of the Suppose we just quit all this now, or quit it after to-day's European war was fired a bill for the purchase of ships was se ion, and just unite with one idea, and that is, to wage war brought forward and was debated for weeks. It was defeated. in order that we may put an end to war as a constantly con­ by the almost solid vote of the other side of the Chamber, aided templated national purpose, whether in Prussia or anywhere by some Senators of this side. Yet I do not severely criticize else ; that we shall resort to a universal compulsory military my brothers on the other side of the Chamber. They could not service temporarily in America, in order that we may put an look ahead and see the conditions that now confront us. They end to the helli h system all over the world for all time to did not see them. If they had, they would have voted for the bill. come; that we shall wage war in order to have a just, enduring, 1\fr. President, it has been said upon this floor that the mili­ and la ting peace; and that we shall wage it as Americans, not tary machine has broken down. If the statement had been that as Democrats or Republicans, not as northerners or as southern­ the military machine bad failed in some respects, but that in ers, but let my boy go with the boy of the man from :Mas a-· the main it had been successful, it would have been more nearly chusetts, side by side, and fight for liberty and a chance for correct. You can not justly say that a machine that put liberty to have a place under the sun against Prussian mili­ 1,500,000 men into the field in eight months' time is a complete tarism, autocracy, tyranny, cruelty, rape, murder, and rapine. failure. You can not say that a machine that has carried some Mr. REED. 1\fr. President, with some hesitancy, because of hundreds of thousands of men across the ocean without the lo s tile character the debate has assumed, I rise to speak to the of a single life is a total failure. You can not say that a ma­ bill under discussion. chine that is now producing a fleet of airplanes that will soon I think we shall gain little by challenging either the motives obscure the sun above the great cities of Germany has "broken of Senators who propose this legislation or the motives of those down." You can not, in justice, assert that a machine that has \vho oppose it. It is getting to be too much the habit for men laid the keels of ships which will within 12 months represent to clinch an argument, or to supply the lack of argument, by a a greater tonnage than bas been produced in a similar period of polite insinuation that their opponent is a friend of the Kaiser. time by all the nations of the earth has "ceased to function." That is one of the things that ought to be stopped in this And yet, while we may point to these and other illustrious Chamber. I hope it finally stopped when the Senator from and splendid examples, it does not follow that we should not MisSis ippi [Mr. \VILLIAMS] stopped speaking. call attention to defects and to mistakes wherever they exist. I am opposed to the position taken by the Senator from Ne­ So long as the crit~isms are made for the purpose of helping, braska [Mr. HITcHcocK]; yet I know that in this Senate Cham­ the critic should be applauded. The man who discovers and ber and in the country there is not a more sincere patriot. calls attention to a serious oversight or wrong policy in ord.er There are but few, if any, more thoughtful, painstaking, or that correction may result is engaged in a more patriotic work laborious men in all the country than GILBERT HITcHcocK. I than the individual who seeks to hide them beneath a camou­ know that his motives in presenting this bill are of the highest. flage of ad.jectives. An honest critic is of more value than a I know that the motives of the chairman of the committee, the hundred incen e burners. Senator from Oregon [Mr. CHAMBERLAIN], in conducting the This war can not be won upon paper. It can not be won with investigation by the Military Affairs Committee, have been speeches. It can not be gained by laudation. Fine phrases will those of a patriot, of a lover of country and of universal liberty. not take the place of cannon. On the battle front you can not I have no patience with the policy of impugning the motive.s supply the lack of rifles by assertions that they exist. This of all men who, seeing faults, seek to correct those faults. war must be fought with mlm and with metal. The men and Neither have I patience with those who describe the conditions metal must be put upon the field. Every man who succeeds in that have been disclosed, by these investigations us "mere fly­ pointing out, every committee that succeeds in demonstrating, specks on the firmament," or as "slight defects in the heel of a that there is a rotten spot anywhere in our prepa1·ations is do­ perfect statue." ing a good work and should be commended for that work. Mr. President, if 7,000 men in the cold winter are compelled Now, Mr. President, I come very briefly to a consideration of to leave their homes and are not furnished with sufficient the e two bills. clothing, tho.t~s not a flyspeck. That is a serious matter . It will be observed that they both distinctly and absolutely . If soldiers are permitted to die in hospitals because of l:l relate to the prosecution of the war in the sense that they deal want of proper medical attention, that is not "a speck." That with the very movements of the Army and Navy. They are i a tragedy, all the sadder because it befell those who were not like the fuel or the food regulations, which have to do with willing to yield bodies and lives in the service of country. the domestic concerns of the civil population. These bills If cannon that might have been obtained have not been pro­ relate to the carrying on by our armed forces of the conflict dded, that is not "a speck." It may mean the loss of a battle between the United States and Germany. Therefore, in my and the sacrifice of thousands of precious lives. judgment, they come within the control of that provision of the If ships have not been bunkered with coal, although the coal Constltutiop. which provides that the Pre ident of the UnitE'd was m·ailable, that is not "a speck." That is a grievous wrong, States shall be the Commander in Chief of the Army and of for hiilS are vlt.al to the winning of this war. Whoever so the Navy. " TOS ly blundered committed that character of offense which I think there is a very clear line of distinction between tlJ.e Napoleon characterized as "worse than a crime." It may well pa sage by Congress of a bill which deals with the furnishing be que tioned whether such a blunderer should further hold of supplies, with the furnishing of money , with the creation of nuthority. the machinery that ultimately results in making the Army and So I might at great length catalogue and comment upon the the Navy, or in supplying the Army and Navy, and another clas many failures and mistakes developed by the investigations, but of legislation that attempts to control the actions of the Army tho e I have cited. will suffice. I utterly decline to accord. with and the Navy after they have been created and a state of war the view that they or any of them are "mere trifles," "mere exists. When we come to the latter das , I believe the President peck ·' bits of thistledown to be blown away by a brea-th of is, us the Constitution says, "the Commander in Chief," with ati.re. They can not be obliterated by a sneer. They are mat­ all that term implies. He has the right therefore to ay where ter of erious, of grave, of almost tragic importance. They the Army shall go, and where the Navy shall go, and how antl . hould be o met, o considered, and such action as Congress when and where they shall fight. In a word, the Constitution . bould. take ought to be fearlessly taken. has placed upon the Presiden the duty and has granted him the But, Mr. President, disappointing a these conditions are, we power "to formulate the plans" for the war and "to direct and mu t in all fairnes along with them take into account the procure their execution." great things that have been achieved. My distinguished frientl . W~th that preliminary statement, let me call attention to from Kebraska [lUr. HITCHcocK] and my friend, the chairman of what is known as the war-cabinet bill. the committee [Mr. CHAMBERLAIN], are as willing to do that us is the Senator from Mississippi [Mr. WILLIAMS]. They, SEc. 2. That satd war cabinet­ however, maintain that the highest patriotism requires the· Now, notice the language-- rearching out of defects and in applying proper remedies. For shall have jurtsdlction and authority as follows-

• 1918. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 1619

Juri diction and authority- l\lt:. REED. Certainly. (a) To consider; devise, and formulate plans and policies, general and 1\Ir. KNOX. I ha-\e been impressed with the argument of the · special, for the effectual conduct and vigorous prosecution of the exist­ Senator from Missouri, and if I had not discovered this lan­ ing war, and, in thP. manner hereinafter prescribed, to direct and pro­ guage I certainly would have been convinced by it. I doubt cure the execution of the same. very much whether the proponents of this bill contemplated that Let me scan that, to make it plainer: any such construction should be placed upon it as the Senator Said war ~binet shall have jurisdiction • • • to • • • from l\1issouri has placed upon it; and as for myself, I certainTy formulate plans * * • for the * • • prosecution of th~exist­ ing wat·, and • • • to direct • • • the execution of the same. should insist upon an amen.dment, if this measure is to pass .at Mr. President, if you can put that power in a war cabinet, all, so that there could be no doubt whatever of the proposi­ and if the war cabinet exercises that power, what is there left tion that this war council is under the authority of the Presi­ to the President? Instead of being the Commander in Chief of dent. the Army, with the power to make plans for the movements of Mr. REED. I am glad to have the Senator say that, because the Army, the plans are, according to this bill, to be made by a I know his respect for the Constitution is such, his knowledge war counciL Instead of being the Commander in Chief, with of the law is such that his opinion will carry great weight with the power and the authority to execute the plans he has made this body and with the country. for the movements of the Army, he finds that power has been Mr. CHAMBERLAIN. l\Iay I interrupt the Senator? by this bill taken from him and reposed in a cabinet unknown l\1r. REED. Yes. to the Constitution. l\fr. CHAMBERLAIN. I can speak, I think, for some of the If we were to pass the bill in its present form, would not the committee at least when I say that in formulating the bill the war cabinet, that possessed the power " to make the plans for committee thought that the-first section would cover the whole the war," "to prosecute the war," and "to direct the execution bill; in other words, that it would all be subject to the power of the plans for the prosecution of the war," be in fact the com­ of the President, and the cabinet, when appointed should be mander? Would not the President become a mere figurehead subject' to him entirely. That is embodied in two or three of directed by the war cabinet? the subdivisions of the second section of the bill, but probably I shall not take the time of the Senate to read the other pro­ it would be better to put it in all. The committee intended that visions of this bill. Senators who read them will find that the ob­ it should be all under the President, and that he should have jection I raise runs throughout the bill. While there are certain the power. _ paragraphs of it that provide that particular things shall be Mr. REED. I think enough has been said to show that done with the direction or the sanction of the President, the whatever should happen to this bill, it. ought to have some paragraph I have read has no such limitation, and you will find , further consideration in the committee and the language ought other paragraphs in the bill without limitation. For those rea­ to be cleared up. " sons I think it is not a bill that should be passed. -Mr. President, I come to another point, that seems to termi­ There is another view-- . nate all chance of any practical result from this bill. What is l\1r. KNOX. 1\Ir. President-- the situation? We have a President, we have a Cabinet, ap­ . The VICE PRESIDENT. Does the Senator from Missouri pointed by the President. The President is Commander in Chief yiere to the Senator from Pennsylvania? of the Army. The Cabinet members perform the various duties 1\:lr. REED. I yield to the Senator from Pennsylvania. fa.Hing to tbem, one member being Secretary of War, another l\1r. KNOX. Before the Senator from Missouri passes to the Secretary of the Navy, and both of these responsible to th~r other point he is about to make, I should like to inquire what chief. In addition to that six of the members of the Cabinet are, significance he attaches to the following words, which are not-a by a statute of Congress, made into a war council. If those part of the preamble, but are a part of the first section of the bodies thu~ created do not coordinate and bring together all of bill: the various authorities ·of the executive branch of this Govern­ That there is hereby created a war cabinet, to be composed of three ment, then it is inconceivable to me that they can be brought to­ distinguished citizens of demonstrated executive ability, to be appointed gether by the appointment of three additional men. If the Secre­ by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, through which war cabinet the President may exercise such of the tary of War, the Secretary of the Navy, and the President of the powers conferred ou him by the Constitution and the laws of the United United States do not constitute a war council having the power States as are hereinafter mentioned and described. . to coordinate and bring together every function of the execu­ What significance does the Senator attach to that :vrovision tive department and of the war and naval forces of the country, as qualifying the subsequent vesting of powers in the war cabi­ then how will' you accomplish it by the appointment of three net. Would or would they not be all subject to the provision that other men? the war cabinet shall be under the direction of the President? It has been said by the Senator from Nebraska [Mr. HITcH­ I am inquiring for information. I never saw the bill until cocK] that the present war machinery is so complicated as to this moment. constitute a maze, in which we are hopelessly lost. He com­ Mr. REED. I grant, of course, the rule of construction that pares the war organization to that grove an English King all of a bill must be considered together, and that the words planted in which people, mystified and bewildered, wander aim­ ju ~t re-ad by the Senator must be taken in connection with the lessly. Mr. President, I adopt the simile and remark if the other provisions of the bill, and yet I do not think that the grove is made greater and larger and its ramifications more words are controlling. I think that the specific power is found intricate, it will not-help us find our way out. in the language I read a few moments ago in paragraph (a). We are told by these gentlemen that with the present ma­ l\lr. KNOX. But, Mr. President, may I not inquire if the chinery everything is chaos. If it is chaotic and if human Senator from Missouri does not also recognize that other rule ingenuity or lack of ingenuity is responsible for it, then where of construction, that if it is possible to give a statute a con­ must we look for the individuals who are to be charged \vith struction that would make it constitutional, that is the con­ the condition? Clearly, if there is chaos in the War Depart­ struction that would be placed upon it, rather than a construc­ ment, it must be charged to the Secretary of War; if there is tion that would make it unconstitutional; and does not the in­ chaos in the Navy Department, it must be charged to the Secre­ sertion of these words make possible a constitutional construc­ tary of the Navy-unless, indeed, it must be charged to their tion of the bill? chief, the President of the United States. If he did not inter­ l\lr. REED. The rule for which the Senator contends-that fere, if he allowed these Cabinet officers to act, then they are a bill shall be ~onstrued as constitutional if it can be-is a responsible. If he did interfere and caused them to act in an rule which is applied by the courts after Congress has acted, improper way, then the President as well as the Cabinet officers the conrts then taking the position that they will assume that is responsible. Congre. s did not mean to do nn unconstitutional thing; and If it be true that the President has selected Cabinet officers who accor(Ungly they will limit the language, even twisting it have produced chaos in the Army and in the Navy; if that in

If those he has already selected were fastened upen h1m and the same gentlemen who now urge his bill 'C.ould :then p1•ob· , he could •not get free from 'them, we might ·afford him a means ably .ha>ve .made .a very .forcible argument ·about :as follow-s: I o:f escape by a:uthorizing blm to elect three more. Bu.t be can, u.Aho1isb the war cabinet :and ·let ns have just an ordina..lw Cabi­ in a ·moment, .get rid of the men be already lm . Not only can · net, and we wiU have done with ail the e mistake ..... be .remove them, but their :resignations. of cou.rse, ·will !be ten­ _With all due modesty, .I suggest that the prop2r J:hing is not Clered.on the instant a:n intimation 1s offered. to co.ndemn a system becau e there bas 'been a mlstake, bu.t to . l\Ir. W'ILL"IAMS. 1\-Ir . .Presillent-- find the mistake and correct 1 t. A good ~~tem sbou1d never .1\'I.r. REED. 1.n just one moment. If, upon ·fue other hand, be .(}estroyed becau-se some 1ndividua:l has 'blundered. I have the President of the Uni;,ed Stutes !has the wisdom to ·select used the musttatiun before, and venture to re:peat ·it. There are the three men that this bill proposeR to authorize him to select, some ..men who if they find the plumbing -ont of ·order in their then he certainly has wisdom enough to select his Cabinet; and house know :no .other remedy than Ita tburn .down i:he hou e n.nd : if he selectetl ·a Cab1net and sel~cted it wisely and prudently, build 11 new one of .a -different kind, and perhaps get worse ' and if it bas been doing that which it ought to do, then we .plumbing in the new house than they .had m the old one. :But hould not, against his ·wm ana over his protest, force upon '-him "there are other men w:bo wi ely say : "' This old bou.se wa. · bu.ilt men whom be does not want, and thus ada a fifth wheel to a by .honest w:orkmen ; it _kept ns from wind and :Stru·m these · wagon, the driver of whi-ch says ·be does not want that 1iftb many yeai'S. True, the 'Plumbing is out of 'Order, ·but we "Will wheel, that be is content with the four wheels he already 'has. I not for that ·cause destroy ·the house-; we will simply fu the yield to the Senator from .1\lissis ippi. plu.mbing." ~o it is that we find men who h.ecause .t1ome mis~ 1\Ir. WILLIAMS. A new linlr to a chain will not ·make it any takes llav·e .come to rru:; in the ..great ·haste of ,preparation in stronger. Now, let me ask the "Senator a questien there. Sup­ this -:war think· -the thing to do is to destro_y the system, take pose thls attack ·upon the Secretary of War-for -tlmt is what the authority ..from tho e officers who have .heretofore 11ad i.t, it is-were '1I1ade directly and i.he Congress of the United States and crente a new machinery, ·and then they -assume that the ~ passed a vote of lack of confidence in ·-the Secretary of War, does new. machinery will work with infallibility. But :that is the the Senator doubt one minute that the Secretary ·of 'Var would greatest mistake men e"\"'er made in the world. for the .new re~ign and the Pre ident would accept his .resignation·? :ma.chine is :as liable to _go wrong as the .old ""IDachine.,; it has no Mr. 'REED. I hardly lrnow bow to an w~r. especial vi.J.:tnes 10r pow-ers: l\1r. WILLIAMS. I know if you were Secretary of War yon Ah, but somebody says_ the e three men ·would be ·together; would ..resign, ·and I know I would J.f •Congre ·s passed a vote ,of e..vet~ything ·wndld :be .consider-ed and coordinated by .them. .l\lr. lack of confidence in me. P.resident, the Secretary ,af\Va:r. the Secretn-r.Y of rthe Navy, ·nnd Mr. REED. l\lr. Pre ident, I co:r:tfess to a -v~y great desire the Pre-sident .of the United :States are compelled to be "together, that all of the functions and the powers of .our Government and are 't.ogetner .almost every day of their lives. T.he great should be coordinated. r canfess to a feeling of chagrin that war plans are supposed to .be worked out tbrougb 'the · War some mistal{es have been made. J llo .not ·see how we are -going Co11ege and l.Jy thP General Staff, and ..after they have all been to .remedy tbose defects .by .saying tto the .President, "You 1llUSt thus worked out they are brought ·up through the .Se etaries appoint more ..men, althou~ you do no:t wru:rt them. Although of Wa1· and tile Nnvy t'l "the Pre ident of t'be United Stntes. yon say :you are content ""With ·the :men _you l1av-e, you must never-­ If that be not coordination~ can we get coordinution , ~zy appoillt­ theleRs appoint 'lllore · men.~' .In :what manner shall we profit? ing three other men to J>O.sse s _powers that will in the ver·y ~o can guarantee the President WO'tlld "Dat appoint men who nature of tluqgs cnnfiict rto a .gtTeater ·or le. s extent with ·the would make tWO..rse mi:Stakes 1thnn thoRe cmnfllainoo of. Let me powers •Of the 'Secretary ,of Wa:r. rt:he Secretary of the Navy:, .be understood,.[ ·do :not cba.rge_thfft ad men have been -selected. and the Preffident ·of the Untted State . We are :much more I only -argue from the hypothesis ·of the •prQponents of the likely to _produce -a conflict ·tl... an a coordination o.f _power . hlll. . Mr. STONE. Or to subordinate the powers of the President Now, let :me csay .a word in I'egard to these mistakes. If [ and .the Secretary to .the three men. · -thought there was a memhet• -of the Oalrlnet w.ho would 'not cor­ Mr. REEI!>. I accept the amendment of my eeneague to sub­ rect ·abus-es onc.e :his !lttention wa. calleu tto them, I would -say orOinate ·tbe power of the President, to Rubmil'nllte the power :ne ought to be impeached. But the truth of •the matter is that of the Secretary of w·ar. to subordinate the power of .the Sem·e­ ·mistakes having been dis~overed they have been ..corrected in tary of the Navy to -en.ree other TIJPn.; to place the Secretary ..most in tanee and I believe :will be corrected in ·every instance of War ·::rod place the Secretary of the Navy and place •the Pre. i­ where ·possible. dent of the Unitecl States in a positio.u wJ1ere before they can The fundamental error of the spon...c::ors of these hills is well move they mu t obtain tbe consent of the three other men. It illustrated "by the ·argument of -the Senator from .Nebraska. He that be not complicrrt:ing the machinery, if tha:.t .be '!lot increas­ said if we had had a war eabinet, we would not ha-ve had 11 ing the si7.e of the ma7..e ;and the d'ffic:nlties of the ·road that mistake made in the ordering of fuel ; if we had had a war must be traveled, if that be not the creation of additional red eabinet, we would not have had a shortage o:f ship or a lot nf tape, then I do not understand the import ·of 'the bill. goods -piled upon the -docks tbat could not be moved, and so 1 know the purpose of the author of this blll. It is a good .forth. Mr. President, .how do we know w.e would :nat have harl one. I know the intention was good ; but wben the President, all these IDi fortune ? How 1do -you know your war rcabinet. if chargeo with these respon ibilities, declares he ·does not want created, would not have .(Dade wor e mistakes than have been this- legislation, and 'When ,this legislation per:tainR ab. olutely to made by :the Secretary of War or the General .Staff.? the movement of the A.rmy and ±he Navy and of 1the Militm:y The Senator states lf you hat! the 'Secretary of War and fhe Establishment• .that comes within the special precogatives of Secretary of the Navy .and the Secretary of the Treasury in a the Pre !dent, [ •do not see what is to be gained by attempting war cabinet, -it would .be satisfactory to him ; yet the Senator's to .force the legislation u;pon him. chief argument for the bill is the ·alleged :iriefficiency of two of It is well known to .all of ·you that I have been onQ of the men the e men. In what way would the situation be bettered if their in the Senate who have stood for the independence of the legis­ titles of office were to be slightly altered. If you ·took ·them out lative branch. .I have held it to be utterly abominable ·to claim of the Cabinet positions they now hold tmd in which ineflkiency tbat~ongress ca.n not orjginate it own le::dslati()n. [ have belU is char.ged, and put them into ..another room and painted over the it to_ be unwise that the will of Congre s should be interfered door "War Cabinet/' would you thereby increase their intelti­ with .in any way by outside influences or by intr:igne or by gence, their patriotism, their ·earnestnes ? Jf -when you changed lobbying, whether it come from -u higb or a low ource. I . till the titles you .also changed the duties, the case would be differ­ hold to •that doctrine. But just. as I would repel every attempt ent. But ob, erve the duties of the war cabinet are in snb tance to take away "from Congress- its constitutional power, so will I the duties of the Secretaries ·of War and Navy, on top of which stand ·here and elsewhere and ins'st that Con .... ress shall not ar to be added the great duties of the 'President. atterqpt to take away those powers which the Constitution llas 1\!r. President, the trouble that nearly _every reformer makes ve ted in the Execu.tive ·Of tbe country. is in eeing i.he evil that is and multiplying it very many times Now, let rue offer ·a word, which I hope I can do without in~ over in his imagination, and then 'in conjuring 1.Tp some rml}euy jul'i.n~ the -ReMibiliti~ of a.ny man. I think it is not wise to ·which be confidently a umes to be perfect in both theory and press this legislation for the reasons I have given. I think that practice. The reformer always a serts for the child of his brain if \Ye were to force this legislation upon tl1e Pre "dent nnd if we absolute infallibility. The proponents of this bill insist tha"t were to appoint men under this 11:ressure from -Gongre s he thm·e ha-ve ·been mistakes .made by Cabinet officers. and now would certa.in.ly be uperhnman if h~ did not appoint men who they ay: Give u a war cabinet, even though it be composed of would do. ·exuctly as be wanted them to llo. Thus you would the nn·y men who have matle the mistakes, and 'it will make no have added only tlwee more men, an<1 the President would still mistake. But if you hall had ·a war c.abinet, it would h.ave in­ exercis , "as he ought to exercise, his 'PO,Y.ers under the Con titu­ evitably made mi takes,-because it would have been human, and tion of tile United State .

• 1918. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· SENATE. 1621

But, Mr. President, I think the thing to do is to not press NOMINATIONS. this legislation. I think the thing to do is to let this ruatter stop. At the same time I believe that Congress should try to Exeouth·e nominaUons 'received by the Senate Feb'rua'ry 4:, 1918. discover every mistake that has been made. But the inquiry ASSISTANT TREASURER OF THE UNITED STATES. should IJe pursued not in· mal tee but really with the hope of ·willard D. Vandiver, of St. Louis, 1\Io., to be assistant treas­ correcting the blunders of the past and thus strengthening our urer of the United States at St. Lo-qis, Mo. (Reappointment.) arms for the future. . Remember, as we criticize how ea y it is for the brain that is SOLICITOR FOR THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR. incapable of evolving a great plan once the plan has had birth in John ·w. Abercrombie, of Anniston, Ala., to be Solicitor for the the brain of another, once it has been put into execution, to point Depa_rtment of Labor, vice John B. Densmore, re~igned. to a fault here and to a failure there, how easy it is to then reck­ . NAVAL OFFICER OF CUSTOMS. lessly condemn the whole. I appeal for a different sentiment in this body and in the country. I appeal for free criticism, John B. Nash, of Boston, Mass., to be naval officer of customs but for kindly criticism. I appeal for constructive criticism, in customs collection district No. 4, with headquarters at Bos­ and I insist that as we apply that constructive criticism we ton, 1\Iass. (Reappointment.) should also give credit where credit is due. Behold what has SURVEYOR GENERAL. been accomplished. From their homes a million five hundred thousand men have been mobilized in camps. If every rifle was Louis H. Mooser, of California, to be surveyor general of not at once ready every rifle will soon be ready. If we did not California, vice Frank H. Gould, deceased. have factories capable of making all the cannon needed, behold PROMOTIONS IN THE PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE. the factories are now at work creating the armament that will, as we hope, under the providence of God win the war. If we do Asst. Surg. Walter Matthew Jones to be passed assistant not have powder factories, let those of us who thought this surgeon in the Public Health Sernce, to rank as such from country so far removed from the conflicts of Europe that we December 11, 1917. would never become involved in her quarrels, who sat supinely Asst. Surg. William Howard Sl-aughter to be passed assistant confident of our isolation and our greatness, take our share surgeon in the Public Health SeiTice, to rank as such from of the responsibility for lack of the powder mills. December 9, 1917. As we pause to look at what has been accomplished, I point to Asst. Surg. James Gayley Townsend to be passed assistant the fact that the greatest :fleet of aeroplanes ever conceived in surgeon in the Public Health Service, to rank as such from the brain of man will soon be in the skies and over the battle line. December 6, 1917. If th~ hospitals have not been alL that we desire-and I with all PROMOTIONS IN THE ARMY. of you execrate the paysicians who allowed boys to needlessly MEDICAL CORPS. die-remember that that superb representative of the medical profession, Gen. Gorgas, has promised investigation and rectifi­ 1\Iaj. Llewellyn P. Williamson, Medical Corps (General Staff), cation and punishment for the guilty. to be lieutenant colonel from January 1, 1918, vice Lieut. Col. As we look upon this scene remember that we have been obliged Nelson Gapen, retired from active service December 31, 1917. to mobolize industries from the Atlantic to the Pacific, to tram:­ Maj. William R. Davis, Medical Corps, to be lieutenant colonel form factories, to train men ; and we have even been oblige(} from January 1, 1918, vice Lieut. Col. Llewellyn P. Williamson, to send men armed with rifles, members of the military, into retai.ded in the General Staff. the forests to cut down the trees. Remember that everywhere FIELD ARTILLERY ARM. there are millions of hammers pounding at this moment. Sparks are flying from hundreds of thousands of anvils. Countless To be fir·st lieutenants with 1·anlc from Attgttst 30, 191"1. wheels are whirring. Amidst the snows of the forest men are, Second Lieut. Thurston E. Wood, Field Artillery, vice First with tireless arms, hewing the timbers for a mighty :fleet. Great Lieut. Sidney G. Brady, promoted. freight trains are rushing across the continent laden with muni­ Second Lieut. John 1\f. Johnson, . Field Artillery, vice First tions of war. Ships are sailing from every American port Lieut. George A. Pollin, promoted. laden with food for the gallant nations that fight by our side. Second Lieut. William 0. Reeder, Field Artillery, vice First Remember that Uncle Sam is gathering the wealth and power Lieut. David E. Finkbiner, promoted. of the earth in his mighty arms, and that he will not fail to Second Lieut. William K. Kolb, Field Artillery, vice First render a good account on Europe's blood-drenched battle fields. Lieut. Chauncey F. Ruoff, promoted. Remember that ·back of all this is something better than arma­ To be. first lieutenants with rank from October 12, 1917. ment-the deathless courage and determination of the Amer­ ican people to win this great conflict. Let no man discourage Second Lieut. William R. Gerhardt, Field Artillery, vice First the people; let no man seek to put out in the hearts of the Lieut. Erwin C. W. Davis, promoted. people that flame of patriotic ardor which burns to-day. Let Second Lieut. Theodore E. Buechler, Field Artillery, vice us have done with whatever there may be of politics. Let us, First Lieut. Emile G. De Coen, promoted. I say again, relentlessly pursue these mistakes to the end that Second Lieut. Frederick E. Tibbetts, jr., Field Artillery, vice they UJay be corrected. But let us not try to win this war by First Lieut. Arthur N. White, promoted. seeking to deprive the President of the powers conferred upon Second Lieut. Samuel D. Ringsdorf, Field .Artillery, vice First him by the Constitution of the fathers. Lieut. Patrick L. Lynch, promoted. Second Lieut. Redmond F. Kernan, jr., Field Artillery, vice SOLDIERS AND SAILORS' CIVIL RELIEF. First Lieut. Ivan N. Bradley, promoted. Mr. OVERMAN. I move that the Senate proceed to the con­ Second Lieut. Theodore L. Futch, Field Artillery, vice First ·sideration of the bill (H. R. 6361) to extend protection to the Lieut. John J. McCollister, promoted. civil rights of members of the Military and Naval Establish­ Second Lieut. Russell L. Meredith, Field Artillery, vice First ments of the United States engaged in the present war. Lieut. Frank A. Roberts, promoted. 1\fr. SMOOT. What is the calendar number? Second Lieut. William I. Wilson, Field Artillery, vice First Mr. OVERMAN. It is not on the calendar. It was reported 'Lieut. William D. Alexander, promoted. this morning from the Judiciary Committee. Second Lieut. Harold A. Cooney, Field Artillery, vice First The VICE PRESIDENT. The question is on the motion of Lieut. Herbert L. Lee, promoted. the Senator from North Carolina to proceed to the considera­ Second Lieut. John T. Knight, jr., Field Artillery, vice First tion of the bill indicated by him. Lieut. Richard J. Marshall, promoted. The motion was agreed to; and the Senate, as in Committee of Second Lieut. Miles A. Cowles, Field Artillery, vice First the Whole, proceeded to consider the bill. Lieut. Ralph T. Heard, promoted. Mr. STONE rose. Second Lieut. Lawrence 1\IcC. Jones, Field Artillery, vice First Mr. OVERMAN. .A.s the bill is now the unfinished business, Lieut. Harcourt Hervey, promoted. I yield to the Senator from Missouri to move an executive session. Second Lieut. Gordon G. Heiner, jr., Field Artillery, vice First EXECUTIVE SESSION. Lieut. Francis W. Sheppard, promoted. Mr. STONE. I move that the Senate proceed to the con­ Second Lieut. Edw~rd J. Wolff, jr., Field Artillery, vice First sideration of executive business. Lieut. William J. Jones, placed on the detached officers' list. The motion was agreed to, and the Senate proceeded to the . PROVISIONAL APPOINTMENT, BY TRANSFER, IN THE ARMY, consideration of executive business. After five minutes spent in executive session the d-oors were reopened and (at 4 o'clock INFANTRY ARM. lmd 5 minutes p. m.) the Senate adjourned until to-morrow, Second Lieut. Leonard Lucado 1\Iintgomery,. Cavalry, to be Tuesday, February 5, 1918, at 12 o'clock meridian. second lieutenant of Infantry, with rank from October 26, 1917. 1622 CO :rG ESSIO.r AL RECORD-SEl~.A.TE. FEBRUARY 4,

TRA ~sFER TO THE ACTIVE LIST OF THE ARMY. _Second. · Lieut~ John V~ Thomp on, Field Artilleryr vice First INFA..."'\"'TRY .A.Rl£. Lieut. Oliver B. Cardwell, placed on the detached officers' list Second Lieut. Cart Z. Draves~ Field Artillery, vice Fii·st Lie~t. . con- list. Lieut. David S. Do~ett, placed on the detached officers' li"t. Second Lieut. Harris M. Findlay, Field Artillery, vice First . Second Lieut. \Viliiam B. Tucker, Ffelti Al'tillery~ vice Fir t Lieut. Albert R. Ives, placed on the detached officers~ list. · Lieut. Al'thur D. Ruppel, placed on the detarhed officers' list. Second Lieut. Thoma F. Furn s, Field' Artillery, vice First I Second Lieut. Philip D. Tryon, Field Artillery, vice First Lieut. William 1. Jackson,. placed on the detached officers' list. Lieut. Stephen H. Cordill, placed on the detached officers' list,. Second Lieut. Joseph L. Corcor~ Field Artillery, vice First Second Lieut. Ary C. Berry, Field Artillery, vice First Lieut. Lieut. Stacy Knopf, placed on the detached officers, list. Moe Neufeld, placed on the deta·ched officers' list. Second Lieut. Dana M. Hubbard Field Artillery, vice First Second Lieut. GeorO'e Davidsonr j1.·., Field Artillery vice First Lieut. David l\f. Pope, placed on the detached officers' list. Lieut. Harry Hollander, placed on the detached officers' list. Second Lieut. Clyde W. White, Field Artillery, yice Fir t Second Lieut. David L. Ruffner, Field ArtiUecy, vice First Lieut. EuO'ene H. Willeilbucher, placed on the detached officers' Lieut. E-dmond C. FleminO', placed on the detached officer list. Jist. Second Lieut. l\Iark M. Serum,. Field .AI·tiltery, vice ·First Second Lieut. Pre ton S. Hoyt, Field Artillery~ vice First Lieut. Miles l\I. Elder, placed on the detached officers' list. Lieut. Frru1cis ·W. Sheppard, placed ou the detached officers' Second Lieut. Louis H. Penney, Field Artillery, vice First Jist. Lieut. William W. Belcher, placed on the detached officers' li t. Second Lieut. Clifford A. Laflin Field Al:ttllecy vice First Second Lieut. Ross B. Warren, Field Artillery, vice First Lieut. Robert l\1. Ba thur t, placed on the detached office1~ list. Lieut Robert F. Blodgett, placed on the detached officers list. To be first lieutenants tcitl!. ran!a j1·orn October 25, 1911. To be first lieutenant ,witlt- rank from November 5,. 1917. Second Lieut. Willi W. Hubbard, Field Artillery vice Fir t Second Lieut Addison H. Douglass. Field Artillery, vic Fir t Lieut. Chnrles E. Hurdis, placed on the detached officers' list. Lieut. Robert W. Daniels, promoted. econd· Lieut. Fairfax S. Land o·eet, Field Artlllery vice Fir t Lieut. Helll'y J. Schroeder, placed on the detached officers' To be [LTst lieutenant 'Ieith mnl" ft'011lt December 5. 191"1. 1i t. Second Lieut. Arthur E. Fox, Field Artillery, vice Fir t Lieut. cond Lieut. Floyd W. Stewart, li""ield Artillery, vice First John S. Winslow, promoted. Lieut. Harold A. Nisley, placed on tile detached officers' Iist. To be /iYst lieutenan-t 'With 2·ank from Janua1·-y -'• 1918. Second Lieut. Fail·fax D. Downey, Field Artillery, vi.ce First Lieut. Fenton H. McGlachlin, placed on the detached officers' Second Lieut. Lewis A. Bond, Field .Artillery, vice First Lieut. li t. George N. Rul1bero-, promoted. Second Lieut. Bernard C. Law, Field Artillery, vice First C.A V ALRY .ABM. Lieut.. James L. Guion, placed on the detached officers• list. econd Lieut. George F. Downey, jr., · Field Artillery vice _ Secoud Lieut. Ralston D. Living tone. Cavalry, to be firMt Fir t Lieut. George D : Wahl, placed orr the detached officers' lieutenant from October 24, 1917, to +m an existing vacancy. list. INFANTRY ARM. Second Lieut. Andrew Car1·lgan, jr., Field Artillery vice Fir t Lieut. Ray H. Lewis, placed on the detached officer~' list. To be first lieutenant with mnk from J1tly !J, 1911. Second Lieut. Harley Latson, Field Artillery, vice First Lieut. Seeend Lieut. _Charles A. Drake, Infantry, vice ·First Li ut. Augustus M. Gurney, placed on the detached officers' li: t. Lindsay McD. Silvester, promoted. 1918 .. c ·oNGRESSION.AL RECORD-SENATE.. 1623..

To- be first lieutenant tvit.T£ rank from July 13', 1911-. Second: Lieut. Arthur- Bloch, Infantry,. vice First Li~ut. William G. \Veaver, .promoted. Second Lieut. Jaq1es L. Ballard,. -.:nfantry, vice First Lieut. SecoruL Lieut. Edward; J. Rasch~ Infantry, vice First Lie-ut. Herbert M. Pool, promoted. Adrian K. Polhemus, promoted. To lJe- fi·rst lieutenants. with ranly from August 7, 1917. Second Lieut. Walter B_ Flynn, Infantry, vice First Lieut. Henry C. l\lfciJean, promoted. Second Lieut. Earl E. Majorr Infantry,. vice First Lieut. Second Lieut.. Otto W. Neidert,. Infantry, vice First -r..ieut. George D. Murphey, promoted. Frank J. Riley, promoted. • Second Lieut. Lloyd C. Parsons, Infantry, vice First. Lieut. Second Lieut. Edwin S. BealL Infantry, vice Fil"st Lieut. Mord P. Short, promoted. Benjamin F. Delamater, jr., promoted. Second Lieut. Claudius M. Easley, Infantry, vice First Lieut. Second Lieut. R.:'l.[ph F~ Bower-,. ln.funtry, vice First Lieut. William C. Rose, promoted. · Carl J. Adler, promoted. Second Lieut. Claude G. Hammond, Infantrs, vice First Lieut. Seeond: Lieut. Charles W. Ogden, Infan1:ry,. vice F:trst Lieut. George C. Elsey, promoted. · George H. Gardiner, promoted. Second L!eut. Henry V. Dexter, Infantry, vice First Lieut. SectmdJ Lieut. Peter W. Ebhertr Infantry,.. vice Fil·st Lieut. Maxon S. Lough, promoted. Alfred L. Rockwood, promoted. Seeond Lieut. Ted H. Cawthorne, Infantry, vice First Lieut. Secend Lieut. George L. Eb:enle,. Infantry~ vice First Lieut. Ford Richardson, promoted. George W. Polhemus, promoted. Second Lieut. Edward Harrah, Infantry r vice First Lieut. Second Lieut. Marcus B. ·Bell!r Infantry, vi

Second Lieut. Frank H. Terrell, Infantry, vice First Lieut. Second Lieut. Luther W~ Dear, Infantry, vice First Lieut. Leslie T. Saul, promoted. Edward A. Everts, ret_!red...... Second Lieut. Harold R. Priest, Infantry, vice First Lieut. Second Lieut. Frederick C. Shantz, Infantry, to fill an original Charles .A. Bayler, jr., promoted. vacancy. Second Lieut. Jabez G. Gholston, Infantry, 'Vice First Lieut. Second Lieut. Martin D. :McAllister, Infantry, to fill an orig­ Fred B. Inglis, promoted. . inal vacancy. Second Lieut. Robert A. McClure, Infantry, vice First Lieut. Second Lieut. George W. -Booth, Infantry, to. fill an original Richard P. Kuhn, promoted. . vacancy. . Second Lieut. Frederick N. Vinson, Infantry, vice First Lieut. Second Lieut. William R. Colbern, Infantry, to.fill an original John A. Street, promoted. vacancy. Second Lieut. Francis B. McCollom, Infantry, 'Vice First Lieut. Second Lieut. l\!arcel A. Gillis, Infantry, to fill an o1iginal Sidney Herlrness, promoted. vacancy. Second Lieut. Reginald D. Pappe, Infantry, vice Fil·st Lieut. Second Lieut. John W. Carroll, Infantry, to fill an original :Wiliiam E. Chambers, promoted. . vacancy. Second Lieut. Joseph "B. Wirt, Infantry, vice First Lieut. War­ Second Lieut. Joshua S. Bowen, Infantry~ to fill an original ren W. Carr, promoted. · vacancy. Second Lieut. Graham R. Schweickert, Infantry, vice First TEMPORARY PROMOTIONS IN THE AltMY. Lieut. Thomas L. Martin, promoted. CAVALRY ARM. Second Lieut. Normon P. Williams, Infantry, vice First Lieut. Geoffrey P. Baldwin, promoted. . · To be captains with ranlc from August 5, 1917. Second Lieut. Charles H. Riggin, Infantry, vice First Lieut. Fil·st Lieut. .Charles C. Smith, Cavalry, vice Capt. Hugh S. John B. Bennet, promoted. Johnson, appointed lieutenant colonel in the National Army. Second Lieut. 'Vinfield W. Smith, Infantry, vice First Lieut. First Lie-ut Harrison Herman, Cavalry, vice Capt. Samuel R. Kenneth :.M. Halpine, promoted. Gleaves, appointed majo-r in the National Army. Second Lieut. Milton R. Barclay, Infantry,. vice First Lieut. First Lieut. William W. Dempsey, Cavalry. vice Capt.. Charles William R. Wilson, promoted. F . .Martin, promoted. Second Lieut. Harold C. Wasgatt, Infantry, vice First Lieut. First Lieut. Robert R. D. McCullough,. Cavalry, vice Capt. R. Potter Campbell, promoted. Willis V. Morris, promoted. Second Lieut. Wannie L. Bartley, Infantry, vice First Lieut. First Lieut. Chapman G.rnnt, Cavalry, vice Capt. Frank P. Richard C. Burmingbam, promoted. Amos, promoted. Second Lieut. Normon J. McMahon, Infantry, vice First Lieut. First Lieut. Duncan G. Richart, Cavali'y, -vice Capt. J"ames Felix R. McLean, promoted. Goethe, promoted. Second Lieut. Donald l\.1. Bartow, Infantry, 'Vice First Lieut. First Lieut. Daniel A. Connor, Cavalry, 'Vice Capt. Varien D. John E. Martin, promoted. · Dixon, promoted. Second Lieut. Hilbert A. C. Jensen, Infantry, vice First First Lieut: Harley C. Dagley, Cavalry, vice· Capt. Verne La Lieut. Paul B. Parker; promoted. · S . .Rockwell, promoted. Second Lieut. Frank A. Pattillo, Infantry, vice First Lieut. First Lieut. Charles L. Clii!ord, Cavalry, vice Capt. George B. 'Yilliam E. :.Morehause, jr., promoted. Comly, promoted. Second Lieut. Paul L. Singer, Infantry, vice First Lieut. First Lieut. Gaston L. Holmes, Cavalry, vice Capt. Charles G. Jo eph H. Grant, promoted. : Harvey, promoted. . 1 Second Lieut. Joseph L. Ready, Infantry, vice First Lieut. First Lieut. George W·. Wersebe, ·cavalry, vice Capt. Richard Arthur 1\!. Ellis, promoted. M. Thomas, promoted. Seconu Lieut. James B. Scarr, Infantry, vice First Lieut. First JJieut. l\fl1ton R. Fisher, Cavalry, 'Vice Capt. George B. :\lam·ice L. Miller, promoted. Rodney, promoted. Second Lieut. Lloyd R. Rogers, Infantry, vice First Lieut. First Lieut. John S. Jadwin, Cavalry, vice Capt. Christian A. Abram .. V. Rinearson, promoted. Bach, promoted. Second Lieut. Charles C. Riticor, Infantry, vice First Lieut. First Lieut. Arthur P. Thayer, Cavalry, vice Capt. David H. Benjamin A. Yancey, promoted. · Biddle, promoted. Second Lieut. Earl C. Flegel, Infantry, vice First Lieut. First Lieut. Edward It. Scheitlin, ·cavalry, vice Capt. William George J. Newgarden, jr., promoted. F. H. Godson, promoted. Second Lieut. Abner W. Goree,· Infantry, vice First Lieut. First Lieut. Edwin A. :.Martin, Cavalry, vice Capt. George W. John D. l\1Uey, promoted. 'Vinterbnrn, promoted. · Second Lieut. Herbert B. Wheeler, Infantry, vice First Lieut. First Lieut. Jay D. B. Lattin, Cavalry, vice Capt. Lewis William E. Coffin, jr., promoted. Foerster, promoted. Second Lieut. Charles C. Nathan, Infantry, vice First Lieut. First Lieut. Frank G. Ringland, Cavalry, vice Capt. William Spenrer A. Merrell, promoted. P. Moffet, promoted. Secoud Lieut. Crittenden A. C. Tolman, Infantry, vice First First Lieut. J"ohn B. Harper, Cavalry, vice Capt. Archibald F. Lieut. Hobert K. Whitson, promoted. Commiskey, promoted. Second Lieut. William E. Tidwell, Infantry, vice First Lieut. First Lieut. Winchell I. Rasor, Cavalry (Signal Corps), vice Otto F. Lange, promoted. Capt. William A. Cornell, promoted. Second Lieut. James K. Cubbison, Infantry, vice First Lieut. First Lieut. Oliver I. Holman, Cavalry, vice Capt. Winchell Harlan F. Mumma, promoted. I. Rasor, retained in the Signal Corps. . Second Lieut. Howard F. Ross, Infantry, viee First Lieut. First Lieut. John J. Bohn, Cavalry, vice Capt. George J. Oden, Alexander l\1. Weyand, promoted. ' promoted. Second Lieut. Arthur .J: Lacouture, Infantry, vice First Lieut. First Lieut. Harry B. Flounders, Cavalry (ammunition traiit), "~ alter D. l\fangan, promoted. vice Capt. Edward Calvert, promoted. Second Lieut. Clifford l\f. Olivetti, Infantry, vice First Lieut. First Lieut. John 0. Garrett, Cavalry, vice Capt. Harry B. Elon A. Abernethy, promoted. Flounders, retained in ammunition train . . Second Lieut. Josiah B. Mudge, jr., Infantry, vice First Lieut. First Lieut. Grover R. Carl, Cavalry, vice Capt. Edmund S. Nelson B. Russell, promoted. Sayer, promoted. Second Lieut. Hugh S. Lee, Infantry, vice First Lieut. Henry First Lieut. Hugh D. Blanchard, Cavalry, vice Capt. Bruc-e P. Blanks, promoted. Palmer, promoted. . Second Lieut. Wilbur S. Elliott, Infantry, vice First Lieut. First Lieut. James G. l\Ionihan, Cavalry, vice Capt. J"ames Bartlett James, promoted. , E. Fechet, promoted. Second Lieut. Kirk E1 B. Lawton, Infantry, vice First Lieut. First Lieut. Anthony J. Kirst, Cavalry, vice Capt. Frederick Elkin L. Franklin, promoted. N. Jones, promoted. Second Lieut. Neil S. Edmond, Infantry, vice First Lieut. First Lieut. William G. Simmons, Cav:alry, vice Capt. John Hubert R. Harmon, promoted. . A. Wagner, promoted. Second Lieut. Harold Haney, Infantry, vice First Lieut. Weir First Lieut. Rexford E. Willoughby, Cavalry, vice Capt. Riche, promoted. Archie Miller, promoted. Second Lieut. Tully C. Garner, Infantry, vice First Lieut. First Lieut. John D. Austin, Cavalry, vice Capt. William S. John F. Goodman, promoted. . Wells, promoted. Second Lieut. Wilmer Brinton, jr., Infantry, vice First Lieut. First Lieut. .John P. Kaye, Cavalry, vice Capt. Robert M. Blaine A. Dixon, retired. Nolan, promoted. Seeond Lieut. Forrest M. Record, Infantry, vice First ~~e:ut. First Lieut. Cleo D. :Mayhugh, Cavalry, vice Capt, Hen.ry James A. Merritt, retired. GibbiD:S, promoted. 1626 CONGRESS! ON AL RECORD-SENATE. ]EBRUARY. ' 4··'

1l'irst Lieut. James W. Barnett, Cavalry, vice C~pt. Arthur First· Lieut.. Richard D. Gile, Cavalry; vice Capt.- Henry T. Poillon, promoted. · · · Bull, promoted. · Fir t Lieut. John C. Mullenix, Cavalry, vice Capt." James A. First· Lieut. Wilson T. Bals, Cavalry, vice Capt. William H. Shannon, appointed mnjor in the National Army. ·- Cowles, promoted. . First Lieut. Ross McCoy, Cavalry, vice Capt. George ·A. First Lieut. Cyrus J. Wilder, Cavalry, vice Capt. John K. Purington, promoted. Herr, promoted. First Lieut. Howard C. Tobin, Cavalry, vice Capt. George W. First Lieut. Harold C. Fellow, Ca-valry, vice Capt. Jo eph F. Biegler, promoted. · · ·. Taulbee, promoted.· First Lieut. John A. 'Veeks, Cavalry, vice Capt. Francis W. First Lieut. John T. Pierce, jr., Cavalry, vice Capt. Andrew Glover, promoted. W. Smith, promoted. First Lieut. Walter E. Buchly, Cavalry, vice Capt. Timothy M. First Lieut. Henry H. Anderson, Cavalry, vice Capt. Rodman Coughlan, promoted. · Butler, appointed major in the National Army. First Lieut. Harold C. Mandell, Cavalry, Yice Capt. James First Lieut. George l\I. Hertingshaw, Cavalry, vice Capt. Huston, promoted. Lewis Brown, jr., appointed major in the National Army. First Lieut. Lester A. Sprinkle, Cavalry, vice Capt. Jonathan First Lieut. Thomas F. Limbocker, Cavalry, vice Capt. Allan . M. 'Vainwright, appointed major in the National Army. M. Pope, appointed major in the National Army. First Lieut. Robert W. Grow, Cavdlry, vice Capt. Lewis S. First Lieut. Cornelius M. Daly, Cavalry, vice Capt. Joseph B. Morey, appointed. major in the National Army. Kuznik, appointed major in the National Army. First Lieut. Terrill E. Price, Cavalry, vice Capt. Adna R. First Lieut. Richard B. Trimble, Cavalry, vice Capt. Emil P. Chaffee, appointed major in the National Army.· Pierson, appointed major in. the National Army. 'First Lieut. William H. Kasten, Cavalry, vice Capt. William First Lieut. Arthur S. Harrington, Cavalry, vice Capt. John N. Haskell, appointed major in the National Army. T. Sayles, appointed major in the National Army. First Lieut. Edwin Rollmann, Cavalry (Signal Corps), vice First Lieut. Frank L. Whittaker, Cavalry, vice Capt. G. Capt. Harry L. Hodges, appointed major in the National Army. Winter, appointed major in the National Army. First Lieut. Leon E. Ryder, Cavalry, vice Capt. Edwin Roll­ First Lieut. Ph~lip H. Sherwood, Cavalry, vice Capt. William mann, retained in the Signal Corps. W. Edwards, promoted. First LJeut. Richard L. Creed, Cavalry, vice Capt. John H. First Lieut. Robert S, La Motte, Cavalry, vice Capt. Walter Howard, appointed major in the National Army. F. Martin, -appointed major in the National Army. First Lieut. William M. Husson, Cavalry, vice Capt. Gordon First Lieut. George M. Gillet, jr., Cavalry, vice Capt. Henry J. Johnston, appointed major in the National Army. McKenney, appointed major in the National Army. First Lieut. Harry L. Putnn.m, Cavalry, vice Capt. Clarence First Lieut. Arthur E. Pickard, Cavalry, vice Cn.pt. Frank T. ~ Lininger; appointed major in the National Army. McNarney, appointed major in the National Army. li'irst Lieut. Roderick R. Allen, Cavalry, vice Capt. Innis Firs(Lieut. James F. Dewhurst, Cavalry, vice Capt. William P. Swift, appointed major in the National Army. E. W. MacKinlay, appointed major in the National Army. First Lieut. Adolphus W. Roffe, Cavalry, vice Capt. Herbert Fii·st Lieut. Donald S. Perry, Cavalry, vice Capt. Basil N. H. White, appointed major in the National Army. Rittenhouse, appointed major in the NaUonal Army. First Lieut. Ion C. Holm, Cavalry, vice Capt. Thomas M. First Lieut. Thomas S. Poole, Cavalry, vice Capt. William R. Knox, appointed major ln the National Army. Taylor, appointed major in the National Army. First Lieut. Robert C. Candee, Cavalry, vice Capt. Walter J. First Lieut. Frederick ·a. Rosenberg, Cavalry, vice Capt Scott, appointed major in the National Army. Philip Mowry, app9Inted major in the National Army. First Lieut. Joseph L. Philips, Cavalry, vice Capt. Kenyon First Lieut. Frederick R. Lafferty, Cavalry, vice Capt. Otto A. Joyce, appointed major in the National Army. W. Rethorst, appointed major in the National Army. First Lieut. Kenneth McCatty, Cavalry,. vice Capt. Lewis W. First Lieut. Carl H. Strong, Cavalry, vice Capt. William B. Cass, appointed major in the National Army. Renziebausen, appointed major in the National Army. First Lieut. Joseph W .. Geer, Cavalry, vice . Capt. William C. First Lieut. Robert L. Beall, Cavalry (Ammunition Train), Gardenhire, appointed major in the National Army. vice Capt. Ralph C. Caldwell, appointed major in the National First Lieut. Edwin D. Morgan, jr., Cavalry, vice Capt. Robert Army. . F. Tate, appointed major in the National Army. First Lieut. Meade Frierson, jr., Cavalry, vice Capt. Robert First Lieut. Leslie B. C. Jones, Cavalry, vice Capt. Levi G. L. Beall, retained in ammunition train. Brown. appointed major in the National Army. First Lieut. Arthur T. Lacey, Cavalry, vice Capt. Alvin S. First Lieut. Kramer Thomas, Cavalry, vice Capt. Oscar A. Perkins, appointed major in the Nat!onal Army. McGee, appointed major in the National Army. First Lieut. David W. Craig, Cavalry, vice Capt. Robert M. First Lieut.• lames R. Finley, Cavalry, vice Capt. George M. Barton, appointed major in the National Army. Russell, ttppolnted major in the National Army. . First Lieut. Edmund M. Barnum, Cavalry, vice Capt. James First Lieut. 'Villard S. " 7adelton, Cavalry, vice Capt. Oliver E. Abbott, appointed major in the National Army. P.M. Hazzard, appointed major in the National Army. First Lieut. Thomas A. Dobyns, jr., Cavalry, vice Capt. Selwyn First Lieut. Hale S . .Cook, _Cavalry, vice Capt. Richard B. D. Smith, appointed major in the National Army. Going, promoted. First Lieut. John T. Minton, Cavalry, vice Capt. Frederick G. First Lieut. John M. Jenkins, jr., Cavalry, vice Capt. Hamilton Turner, appointed major in the National Army. Bowie, promoted. First Lieut. William T. Haldeman, Cavalry (Ammunition First Lieut. Beverly H. Coiner, Cavah·y, vice Capt. Albert E. Train), vice Capt. Orlando C. Troxel, appointed major in the Phillips, promoted. National Army. · First Lieut. Albert D. Chipman, Cavalry, vice Capt. Benjamin First Lieut. Edward S. Bassett, Cavalry, vice Capt. William 0. Davis, promoted. T. Haldeman, retained in Ammunition Train. First Lieut. Arthur H. Truxes, Cavalry, Vice Capt. Edward First Lieut. Edward F. Shaifer, CavJllry, vice Capt. Wade H. C. Wells, promoted. Westmoreland, appointed major in the National Army. First-Lieut. Gordon J. F. Heron, Cavalry, vice Capt. Kerr T. First Lieut. George M. Peabody, jr., Cavalry, vice Capt. Ralph Riggs, promoted. N. Hayden, appointed major in the National Army. First Lieut. Carl C. Krueger, Cavalry, vice Capt. John A. First Lieut. Athael B. Ellis, Cavalry, vice Capt. Charles J. Pearson, promoted. Naylor, appointed major in the National Army. First Lieut. Hugh l\1. Gregory; Cavalry, vice Capt. William First Lieut. Barrie K. Dnlbey, Cavalry, vice Capt. Carl H. G. Meade, p1·omoted. Muller, appointed major in the National Army. First Lieut. Oron A. Palmer, Cavalry, vice Capt. Guy Kent, First Lieut. John \V. McDonald, Cavalry, vice Capt. Henry proinoted. · A. Meyer, jr., appointed major in the National Army. First Lieut. Stanley Bacon, Cavalry, vice Capt. Frederick . First Lieut. Victor Kerney, Cavalry, vice Capt. Frank Keller, Mears, promoted. appointed major Jn the National Army. First Lieut. Samuel V. Constant., Cavalry, vice Capt. Eugene First Lieut. David H. Blakelock, Cavalry, vice Capt. Copley J. Ely, promoted. Enos, appointed major in the Nationn.l Army. First Lieut. William C. Chase, Cavalry, vice Capt. Arthm· G. First Lieut. Rinaldo L. Coe, Cavalry, vice Capt. William S. Fisher, promoted. · · 1\Iartlri, appointed major in the National Army. · First Lieut. Norman E. Fiske, Cavalry, nee Capt. Matt C. . First Lieut. Harold J. Duffey, Cavalry, vice Capt. R«M>ert C. Bristol, promoted. ·" . Collins, appointed major in the National Army. · First Lieut. Donald 0. Miller, Cavalry, vice Capt. Horrice N. , First Lieut. Jay K. Colwell, Cavalry, vice Capt. lrwlri L. Munro, promoted. · · · ·· Hum;aker, appointed major in the Nationnl Army-. 1918. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD---SENATE. 162l

First Lieut. Amor-y C. Cotchett, Cavalry, vice Capt. Clifton First Lieut. George Sawtelle, Cavalry, vice Capt. Thomas H. R. Norton, appointed major in the National Army. Cunningham, appointed major in the National Army. First Lieut. Otis Porter, Cavalry, vice Capt. Charles R. Mayo, First Lieut. Ray Harrison, Cavalry, vice Capt. Ralph M. appointed major in the National Army. Parker, appointed major in the National Army. ·Fir t Lieut. Arthur C. D. Anderson, Cavalry, vice Capt. Ar­ First Lieut. William F. Daugherty, Cavalry, vice Capt. WH· thur .J. Lynch, appointed major in the National Army. liam H. Bell, appointed major in the National Army. !J'ir t Lieut. Emory M. ~face, Cavalry, vice Capt. Rowson First Lieut. John T. Cole, Cavalry, vice Capt. Walter H. 'Varren, appointed major in th~ National Army. Neill, appointed major in the National Army. First Lieut. Harry H . Dunn, Cavalry, vice Capt. Edward 1\1. First Lieut. Stephen H. Sherrill, Cavalry, vice Capt. Howard Oilley, appointed major in the National Army. · R. Smalley, appointed major in the National Arniy. First Lieut. George L. Morrison, Cavalry, vice Capt. .John T. First Lieut. Charles H. Gerhardt, Cavalry, vice Capt. Thomas Donnelly, appointed major in the National Army. A. Rothwell, appointed major in the National Army. First Lieut. Renn Lawrence, Cavalry, vice Capt; }:;dwin L. First Lieut. 'Valter H. Schulze, Cavalry, vice Capt. Victor S. Cox, appointed major in t11e National Army. . , ·. Foster, appointed major in the National Army. · First Lieut. .Joseph A. Covington, Cavalry, vice Capt. Edward First Lieut. Herbert C. Holdridge, Cavalry, vice Capt. Oscar R. Coppock, appointed major in the National Army. Foley, appointed major in the National Army. First Lieut. .John L. Rice, Cavalry, vice Capt. Peter .J. Hen­ First Lieut. Albert C. Smith, Cavalry, vice Capt. Frederick nes ey, appointed major in the National Army. D. Griffith, jr., appointed major in the National Army. ~" irst Lieut. Nelson l\f. Imboden, Cavalry, vice Capt. George First Lieut. Nicholas W. Lisle, Cavalry, vice Capt. Charle"' Grunert, appointed major in the National Army. .. McH. Eby, appointed major in the National Army. First Lieut. Randolph Dickins, Cavalry, vice Capt. William R. First Lieut. Percy G. Black, Ca-\alry, vice Capt. Ephraim F. Pope, appointed major in the National Army. . Graham, appointed major in the National Army. . First Lieut. .John N. Steele, Cavalry, vice Capt. Olney Place, Ftrst Lieut. Albert C. Stanford, Cavalry, vice Capt. William A. appointed major in the National Army. · McCain, appointed major in the National Army. . ·First Lieut. Eugene M. Dwyer, Cavalry, vice Capt. Sidney D. First Lieut. Lauren~e- B. Meacham, - Cavalry, vice Capt. Maize, appointed major in the National Army. · Vaughn W. Cooper, appointed major in the N'ational Army. First Lieut. Wharton G. Ingram, Cavalry, vice Capt. Thomas First Lieut. Louis Le R. 1\Iartin, Cavalry, vice Capt. Harold P. Bernard, appointed major in the National Army. B. Johnson, promoted. First Lieut. EdwardS. Moale, Cavalry, vice Capt. Clarence A. First Lieut. William K. Harrison, jr., Cavalry, vice Capt. Dougherty, appointed major in the National Army. Albert H. Mueller, promoted. · · First Lieut. Adrian St. John, Cavalry, vice Capt. Isaac S. First Lieut. Josiah F. Morford, Cavalry, vice Capt. Allan· F. Martin, appointed major in the National Army. McLean, promoted. · · · First Lieut. Frederick J. Holzbaur, Cavalry, vice Capt. George Fir t Lieut. Ernest N. Harmon, Cavalry, \ice Capt. Charles R. Somerville, appointed -!Jlajor in the National Army. Burnet, appointed major in the National Army. First Lieut. George H. Carruth, Cavalry, vice Capt. Milton G. First Lieut. Joseph S. Tate, Cavalry, vice Capt. .Tens E. Holliday, appointed major in the National Army. _ Stedje, appointed major in the National Army. · · First Lieut. Robert M. Carswell, Cavalry, vice Capt. Robert First Lieut. Arthur l\L Harper, Cavalry, vice Capt. HermanS. R. Love, appointed major in the National Army. Dilworth, promoted. Fir t Lieut. Walter C. Merkel, vice Capt. Edmund A. First Lieut. .John W. Confer, jr., Cavalry, vice Capt. Frank B. chanan, appointed major in the National Army. Kobes, promoted. . . First Lieut. Joseph M. Hurt, jr., Cavalry, vice Capt. Edward Fir t Lieut. Herbert N. Schwarzkopf, Cavalry, vice Cat>t. A. Keyes, appointed major in the National Army. · Ronald E. Fisher, appointed major in the National Army. -- F'irst Lieut. George I. Speer, vice Capt. Orlando G. Palmer, First Lieut. Robert N. Kunz, Cavalry, vice Capt. Talbot Smith, appointed major in the National Army. · appointed major in the National Army. · First Lieut. Charles B. Duncan, Cavalry, vjce Capt. William First Lieut. Charles S. Kilbourn, Cavalry, vice Capt. John V. W. Overton, appointed major in the National Army. Spring, jr., promoted. Fir t Lieut. Ferris M. Angevine, Cavalry, vl~e Capt: Albert B. First Lieut. Charles R. Johnson, jr., Cavalry, vice Capt. Nor­ ·Dockery, appointed major in the National Army. man H. Davis, promoted. · First ·Lieut. Julian \V. Cunningham, Cavalry, vice Capt. First Lieut. Bertrand Morrow, Cavalry (Ammunition Train), Edmund L. Zane, appointed major in the National Army. vice Capt. Charles Telford, promoted. First Lieut. Sam G. Fuller, Cavalry, vice Capt. Emmet R. First Lieut. Uoalter B. Compton, Cavalry, vice Capt. Bertrand Harris, appointed major in the National Army. 1\Iorrow, retained in ammunition train. First Lieut. Clinton A. Pierce, Cavalry, vice Capt. Troop First Lieut. Folsome R. Parker, Cavalry, vice Capt. Olan C. J\1iller, appointed major in the National Army. Aleshire, promoted. · First Lieut. Thomas M. Cockrill, Cavalry, vice Capt. Daniel First Lieut. Guy H. Dosher, Cavalry, vice Capt. George M. D. Gregory, appointed major in the National Army. Lee, appointed major in the National Army. First Lieut. Dehmore S. Wood, Cavalry, vice Capt. John E. First Lieut. Cecil R. Neal, Cavalry, vice Capt. Henry S. Hemphill, appointed major in the National Army. Terrell, appointed major in the National Army. . First Lieut. Arthur Vollmer, Cavalry, vice Capt. Howard C. First Lieut. Myer S. Silven, Cavalry, vice Capt. Richard W • Tatum, appointed major in the National Army. Walker, appointeo major in the National Army. · First Lieut. Otto B. Trigg, Cavalry, vice Capt. .John A. Barry, First Lieut. William H. Symington, Cavalry, vice Capt. .James promoted. · B. Henry, jr., appointed major in the National Army. First Lieut. George W. L. Prettyman, Cavalry, vice Capt. First Lieut. Philip B. Fryer, Cavalry, vice Capt. Alexander William W. Gordon, promoted. l\1. Milton, detailed in the Quartermaster Corps. First Lieut. Thomas M. Turner, Cavalry, vice Capt. Casper First Lieut. Donald C. Hawley, Cavalry, vice Capt. Emil P. ,V. Cole, appointed major in the National Army. · Laurson, promoted. Fir t Lieut. Horace L. Hudson, Cavalry, vice Capt. Rudolph First Lieut. Vernon L. Padgett, Cavalry, vice Capt. Jerome E. Smy er, appointed major in the National Army. G. Pillow, appointed major in the National Army. First Lieut. Lawrence C. Frizzell, Cavalry, vice Capt. Row- First Lieut. Jay W. MacKelvie, Cavalry, vice Capt. Frederick 1and B. Ellis, appointed major in the National Army. · E. Shnyder, promoted. First Lieut. .Jean F. Sabin, Cavalry, vice Capt. George A. F. First Lieut. Francis T. Bonsteel, Cavalry, vice Capt. Thomas Trumbo, appointed major in the National Army. F. Van Natta, jr., promoted. Fir t Lieut. Robert F. White, Ca\alry, vice Capt. Robert l\fcC. Flrst Lieut. WilHam E. Barott, Cavalry, vice Capt. James A, Beck, jr., appointed major in the National Ar1uy. · :Mars, promoted. First Lieut. Henry D. Jay, Cavalry, vice Capt. Leonard W. First Lieut. Wallace F. Hamilton, Cavah-y, vice Capt. .John 0. Prunty, appointed major in the National Army. . · Montgomery, promoted. , First Lieut. Ray L. Burnell, Cavalry, vice Capt. William M. First Lieut. Frank Nelson, Cavah-y, vice Capt. Carl Boyd, Cooley, appointed major in the National Army. -· · promoted. ,. . First Lieut. Arthur W. Hartman, Cavalry, vice Capt. Emory . First Lieut. William E. McMinn, Cavalry, vice Capt. Stephen J. Pike, appointed major in the Natio~al Army. W. Winfree, promoted. First Lieut. John W. Berry, Cavalry, vice Capt. John H. First Lieut. Edmund M. Crump, Cavalry, vice Capt. George Rend, jr., appointed major in the National Army. E. Nelson, promoted. · _. Fir t Lieut. .Joseph N. Marx, Cavalry, vice Capt. .John Cocke, First Lieut. Herman F. Rathjen, Cavalry vice Capt. Thomas appointed major in the National Army. L. Sherburne, promoted. LVI--104 ~ _I ' •1• .J"" f ~r.r ~- •::p 1 J r;·, ,. I Tl ',()• .. u 1628 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. F -EBRUARY 4,

· · First Lieut. Daniel J. Keane, Cavalry, vice Capt. Emil Engel,. First Lieut. Hari-y A.. Buckley, Cavalry, vice Capt. Clark P. promoted. · Chandler, deta!led in the Quartermaster Corps. First Lieut. 1\Iilo J. Warner, Cavalry. vice Capt. Emmett First Lieut. James E. Slack, Cavalry, vice Capt. Charles L. Addis, promoted. Stevenson, detailed in the Quartermaster Corps. First Lieut. LeRoy Davis, Cavalry, vice Capt. Harry L. King First Lieut. Culver S. l\Htcha.n1, Cavalry, vice Capt. Joseph P. promoted. . .Aleshire, detailed in the Quartermaster Corps. First Lieut. Anthony J. Tittinger, Cavah·y, vice Capt. Walton First Lieut. William 0. Johnson, Cavalry, vice Capt. Robert Goodwin, jr.., promoted. Blaine, detailed in the Quartermaster Corps. First Lieut. l\lax D. Holmes, Cavalry, vice Capt. David H. First Lieut. Harold B. Gib on, Cavalry, vice Capt. Guy H. Scott, promoted. Wyman, detailed in the Quartermaster Corps. First Lieut. Charles A. Ellis, Cavalry, vice Capt. Robert Ster- First Lieut. John D. Hood, Cavalry, vice Capt. Seth W. rett~ appointed major in the National Army. Scofield detailed in the Quartermaster Corps. First Lieut. Demas L. Sears, Cavalry, vice Capt. Robert C. First Lieut.• Charles S.· Lawrence, Cavalry, vice Capt. Louis Richard on, promoted. A. O'Donnell, promoted. . Fir t Lieut. Bankston El. Mattox, jr•• Cavalry, vice Capt. Robert First Lieut. Melvin S. Williamson, Cavalry, vice Capt. Henry M. Campbell, promoted. . R. Smalley, promoted. Fir t Lieut. Frank H. Barnhart, Cavalry, vice Capt. Charles First Lieut. Evarts W. Opie, Cavalry, vice Capt. John G. C~ Winnia, appointed major in the National Army. Quekemeyer, promoted. First Lieut. John A. Moschner, Cavalry, vice Capt. F:cank B. First Lieut Frank P. Stretton, Cavalry, vice Capt. Joseph C. Edwards. appointed major in the National Army. . ICing, promoted. . First Lieut. George E. Harrison, Cavalry, vice Capt. Robert First Lieut. Paul Hurlburt, Cavalry, vice Capt. George L. P. Brady, detailed in the Quartermaster Corps. Converse, jr., promoted. First Lieut. Wesley J. White, Cavalry, vice Capt. Stephen C.. First Lieut. Aaron Y. Hardy, Cavalry, vice Capt. Donald A. Reynolds,· promoted. Robinsun, promoted. First Lieut. Alton W. Howard, Oavall·y, vice Capt. George H. First Lieut. ·Earl B. Wilson, Cavalry, vice Capt. Bruce L. Baird, appointed major in the National Army. · Burch, promoted. First Lieut. Nolan Ferguson, Cavalry, vice Capt. Daniel D.. First Lieut. Edmund J. Engel, Cavalry, vice Capt. Edgar 1\f. Tompkins,. appointed major in the National Army. "\\'biting, promoted. First Lieut. Richard ,V. Carter, Cavalry, viee Capt. William First Lieut. John E. Grant, Cavalry, vice Capt. AlexandeT R. V. Carter, prom~ted. Cock~ placed on the detached officers' list. ' First Lieut. Kenneth Rowntree, Cavalry, vice Capt. E. Kears- First Lieut. Jack l\1. Reardon, Cavalry, vice Capt. Francis ley Sterling, appointed major in the National Army. c. v. Crowley, placed on the detached officers• list. First Lieut. George A. King, Cavalry, vice Capt. Joseph H. First Lieut. Lewis Mesherry, Cavalry, vice Capt. Frank P. Barnard, appointed major in the National Army. Amos, placed on the detached officers' list. First Lieut. James B. Lockwood, Cavalry, vice Capt. Charles First Lieut. Lewis A. Weiss, CaY"alry vice Capt. James E. B. Amory. jr., promoted. . S.belley, placed on the detached officers'" list. First. Lieut. Lionel L. Meyer, Cavalry, vice Capt. . Kinzie B. First Lieut. Francis E. Cheney, Cavalry, vice Capt. William Edmunds, promoted. S .. Wells, placed on the detached officers• list. Fir t Ljeut. Frederick H. L. Ryder, Cavalry, vice Capt. First Lieut. Robert P~ Mortimer, Cavalry, vice Capt. John Charles S. Hoyt. promoted. Pearson, placed on the detached officers' list. . First Lieut. John W. Weeks, Cavalry, vice Capt. James J. First Lieut. Lee T. Victor, Cavalry, vice Capt. Olan C. AI~ O'Hara, promoted. . shire, placed on the detached officers' list. First Lieut Theodore B. Apgar, Cavalry, vice Capt. Roy W. First Lieut. Henry C. Caron Cavalry, vice Capt Kinzie B. Holderness, promoted. Edmunds, placed on the detached officers' list. · Fir t Lieut. Jefferson B. Osborn, Cavalry, vice Capt. James S. First Lieut. William w. Powell, Cavalry, vice Capt. William Greene, promoted. C. F. Nicholson, placed on the detached officers' list First. Lieut. Mortimer H. Christian, Cavalry, vice Capt. First Lieut. Robert F. Merkel, Cavalry, vice Capt. William Gerald C. Brant, promoted. M~ Grimes, placed on the detached officers' list. First. Lieut. Marcus R. Monsarratt, Cavalry, vice Capt. First Lieut. Carroll A. Powell, Cavalry, vice Capt. Edmund George C. Lawrason, promoted. s. Sayer, placed on the detached officers• list. First Lieut. Fabius B. Shipp, Cavalry. vice Capt. Arthur H. First Lieut. Frank C. De LAngton, Cavalry, vice Capt. Robert Wilson, promoted. • c. Richardson, placed on the detached officers' list. First Lieut. James J. Cecil, Cavalry, vice Capt. Frank K. First Lieut. Ivan N. Waldron, Cavalry, vice Capt. Frank M. Ross, appointed major in the Signal Corps. Andrews, placed on the detached officers' list. First Lieut. George A. Moore, Cavalry, vice Capt. Victor M. First Lieut Carter R. McLennan, Cavalry. vice Capt. George Whitside, appointed major in the Signal Corps. F. Patten, placed on the detached officers' list. Fir t Lieut. James 1\1. Shelton, Cavalry, vice Capt. Cushman First Lieut. Frederick Gearing, Cavalry, vice Capt. Robert 1\I. Bartwell, appointed major in the Signal Corps. Cheney, placed on the detached officers' list. First Lieut. Albert R. Kuschke, Cavalry, vice Capt. FrankL. First Lieut. Geoffrey Galwey, Cavalry, vice Capt. Philip Gor- .Van Horn,. appointed major in the Signal Corps. don, placed on the; detached officers• list. First Lieut. George W. Gay, Cavalry, vice Capt. William C. F. First Lieut. Louis G. Gibney, Cavalry, vice Capt. Sumner M. Nicholson, promoted. Williams, placed on the detached officers' list. First Lieut. Forsyth Bacon, Cavalry, vice Capt. George Dill- First Lieut. William D. Adkins, Cavalry, vice Capt. Charles M. man, promoted. Haverkamp, placed on the detached officers' list. First Lieut. Ralph L. Joyner, Cavalry, vice Capt. Philip J. R. First Lieut. John B. Hartman, Cavalry, vice Capt. Horace T. Kiehl, pron;;lOted. Aplillgton, placed on the detached officers' list. Fir t Lieut. Roscoe S. Parker, Cavalry, vice Capt. Richard B. First Lieut. Harry C. Jones, CaYalry, vice Capt. Arthur B. Barnttz, transferred to the Field Artllle~y. Conard, placed on the detached offi.eers' list. First Lieut. Heywood S. Dodd, Cavalry, vice Capt. Berkf'ley First Lieut. James E. Simpson. Cavalry, vice Capt John P. T. Merchant, _promoted. - Lucas, placed on the detached officers' list. First Lieut. Kent C. Lambert, Cavalry, vice Capt. Hugh H. First Lieut. Charles J. Booth, Cavalry, ~ce Capt. Kenna G, Broadhurst, promoted. Eastham, placed on the detached officers• list. First Lieut. George E. Huthsteiner, Cavalry, vice Capt. Arthur First Lieut. William T. Hamilton, Cavalry, vice Capt. Robert W. Holderness, promoted. ' 1\IcG. Littlejohn, placed on ttu~ ·detached officers' list. Fir t Lieut. Richard B. Lloyd, Cavalry, vice Capt. Daniel G.. First Lieut. Richard C. Boyan, Cavalry. vice Capt. Burton Y. Morrissett, detailed in Ammunition Train. . . Read, placed on the detached officers' list. First Lieut. Maurice 1\Iorgan, Cavalry, vice Capt. .Albert J. First Lieut. Edward ,K. Jones, Cavulry (Signal Corps), vice Myer, jr., detailed in Ammuniti'.)n Train. Capt. Roland L. Gaugler, placed on the detacl1ed officers' list Fir t Lieut. Gilbert E. Bixby, Cavalry, vice Capt. Robert E. First Lieut. Harry P. Shaw, Cavalry~ vice Edward J. Jones, Carmody, detailed in Ammunition Train. retained i.n the Signal Corps. First Lieut. Eugene Burnet, Cavalry, vice Capt. Harold L. · First Lieut. Frederick F. Duggan, Cavalry, vice Geoffrey Gardiner, detailed in the Quartermaster Corps. Keyes, placed on the detached officers• list. Firsf Lieut. Charles F. Houghton, Cavalry, vice Capt. Robert First Lieut. Harry H. Baird. Cavalry vice Capt. Albert J'. C. Rodgers, detailed in the Quartermaster Corps. Myer, jr., placed on the detached officers' list. 1918. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD.:..:.SEN.A.TE. · 1629

·First Lieut. Francis H. Waters, Cavalry, vice Capt. Daniel G. To be captain ·'Leith 'rank fro-nt November 28, 191'1. Morrissett, placed on the detached officers' list. First. Lieut. Francis E. S. Turner, Cavalry, vice Capt. Cuth~ Firl't Lieut. William T. BatlSkett, jr., Cavalry, vice Capt. bert P. Stearns, ·appointed major in the Signal Corps. Arthur D. Newman, placed on the detached officers'-list.- - To captain ·with rank f'rom Novembe·r 29, 1917. Fir 't Lieut. Carlisle B. Cox, Cavalry, vice Capt. Edward L. N. be Glass, placed on the detached officers' list. First Lieut. Guy D. Thompson, Cavalry, vice Capt. Homer 1\I. First Lieut. Walter L. Bishop, Cavalry, vice Capt. Clifford B. Groninger, promoted. King, placed on the detached officers' list. To be captain with t·anlc from December-11, 1917. Fir t Lieut. Donald R. :McComas, Cavalry, vice Capt. Ralph I. First Lieut. George A. Parsons, Cavalry, vice Capt. John K. Sasse, placed on the detached officers' list. Brown, promoted. First Lieut. Llburn B. Chambers, Cavalry (Signal Corps), vice Capt. William E. Shipp, placed on the detached officers' To be captain with m .nk from Decetnbe1· 22, -1917. Jist. First Lieut. David W. Barton, Cavalry, vice Capt. Richard D. First Lieut. John ,V. Burke, Cavalry, vice (}apt; L: B. Cham­ Newman, promoted. bers, retaineu in the Signal Corps. To be captain. with rank from, December 28, 1917. Fir t Lieut. Charles .,v. Jacob on, Ca\alry, vice Capt. Willirun First Lieut. Martin R. Rice, Cavalry, vice Capt. Sumner· 1\L G. Elliott, promoted. · Williams, promoted. First Lieut. Edgar R. Garljck, _Cavalry, vice Capt. Verne It. Bell, promoted. To be captains 'With 1·ank f-rom, Decembe1· 29, 1917. First Lieut. Henry P. Ames, Cavalry, \i~e Capt. Henry W. First Lieut. Philip C. Clayton,. Cavalry, vice Capt. Ernest G. Baird, promoted. Cullum, promoted. First Lieut. Richard F. Leahy, Cavalry, "Vice Capt.-:Murray B. First Lieut. Hans E. Kloepfer, Cavalry, vice Capt. William W. Rush, promoted. Erwin, promoted. First Lieut. Howard C. Okie, Cavalry, vice Capt. William D. _ First Lieut. Edward A. Everett, jr., Cavalry, vice Capt. Ralph Geary, promoted. . I. Sasse, detailed in ammunition train. First Lieut. William L. Gibson, Cavalry, vice Capt. Richard B. To be captain with rank fro-m Janu,ary· 16, 1918. Kimball, promoted. First Lieut. Herbert A. Myers, Cavalry, vice Capt. Herman First Lieut. James L. Franciscns, Ca\ali·y, vice Capt. Fred­ Kobbe, promoted. erick S. Snyder, promoted. First Lieut. Eddie J. Lee, Cavalry, vice Capt. John Kennard, To be captains with rank f1·o1n Januat·1J 23, 1918. uetailed in the Quartermaster Corps. First Lieut. Norman N. Rogers, Cavalry, vice Capt. John A. First Lieut. Elmer P. Gosnell, Cavalry, vice Capt. Sloan Warden, promoted. Doak, promoted. . First Lieut. Temple E. Ridgely, Cavalry, vice Capt. Jolm B. To be captains ·w-ith 1·ank tro.m No1-·ember 3, 1917. Johnson, promoted. First Lieut. Raymond D. Adolph, Cavalry, vice Capt. Edgar To be captain, with ranlc from January 24, 1918. W. Taulbee, appointed major in the National Army~ First. Lieut. Harry W. 1\Iaas, Cavalry, vice Capt. Claude DeB. ~ First Lieut. Donald A. Stroh, Cavalry, vice Capt. Chauncey Bunt, promoted. · St. C. Mc..~eill, appointed. major in the Signal Corps. INFANTRY ARM. - First Lieut. Russell T. George, Cavalry, vice Capt. Richard D. Gi1e, appointed captain in the Signal Corps. To be lieutenant colonels 'With 1·ank fro·nt August 5, 191"1. Maj. Alfred W. Bjornstad, Infantry, vice Lieut. Col. A. To be captains with rank ft·o-m November 5, 1911. La Rue Christie, retired. First Lieut. Thomas C. McCormick, Cavalry, \ice Capt. !.£land Wadsworth, jr., promoted. PROVISIO~ AL Al>POINTME::-oTS IN THE ABMY. First Lieut. Erskine A. li"'ranklin, Cavalry, vice Capt. William INFA.NTBY ARM. R. Henry, promoted. To be second lieutenants with rank fmm, Octobe·r 25, !91"1. First Lieut. Wallace H. Gillett, Cavalry, vice Capt. George F. Patten, promoted. George Stanley Victor Little, second lieutenant, Infantry First Lieut. Robert D. Thompson, jr., Cavalry, vice Capt Officers' Reserve Corps. Lindsley D. Beach, detailed in the Qu.artermaster Corps. Gordon F. Stephens, first lieutenant, Infantry Officers' Re· First Lieut. John E. Maher, Cavalry, vice Capt. James S. serve Corps. · Mooney, 4etailed in the Quartermaster Corps. 'Villiam MacGregor Ball, second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' First Lieut. John E. Selby, Cavalry, vice Capt. Leon M. Reserve Corps. Logan, detailed in the Quartermaster Corps. William Oscar Nelson, captain,- Infantry Officers' Reserve Fir t Lieut. Arthur L. Marek. Cavalry, vice Capt. Henry D. Corps. · F. Munnikhuysen, detailed in the Quartermaster Corps. Pierce Butler, jr., second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' Re· First Lieut. Herbert E. Watkins, Cavalry, vice Capt. William serve Corps. C. Christy, detailed in the Quartermaster Corps. Albert Carder Ames, second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' Re· First Lieut. Ray.mond L. Newton, Cavalry, vice Capt. Mack serve Corps. . Garr, placed on the detached officers' list. . Charles Lawrence Bolte, second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' First Lieut. William R. Irvin, Cavalry, vice Capt. Verne R. .Reserve Corps. . Bell, placed on the detached officers' list. William A. Moss, second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' Re· First Lieut. Alfred L. Baylies, Cavalry, vice Capt. John A. serve Corps. Barry, placed on the detached officers' list. Eugene Crehan Callahan, second lieu-tenant, Infantry Offi­ First Lieut. Lathan H. Collins, Cavalry, vice Capt. Joseph cers' Reserve Corps. M. Tully, placed on the- detached officers' list. William Howell Duncan, second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' First Lieut. Ralph B. Skinner, Cavalry, vice Capt. Orlando Reserve Corps. C. Troxel, deceased. John Bliss Brainerd, jr., second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' Reserve Corps. To be capta·in with 'ranlc front November 6, 1917. Theodore F. Wessels, second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' First Lieut. Candler A. Wilkinson, Cavalry, vice Capt. Pear­ Reserve Corps. - .·on Menoher, placed on the- detached officers' list. Edward Law, second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' Reserre ~o be captain 1vUh rank from, Novembet· 13,-1917. · Corps. Sherman K. Burke, second lieutenant, InfauLry Officers' Re­ li'irst Lieut. 1\Iilton A. Lowenberg, Cavalry, \ice Capt. Robert serve Corps. :.\!. Ch<'ney, promoted. - Arthur J. 1\IcChrystal, second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' To be capta~n, with rank from Nove1nber 17 1917. Reserve Corps. First. Lieut.• Tohn A. Hettinger, Cavalry, \ice- Capt. Richard Reynier Jacob Wortendyke, jr., second lieutenant, Infantry E. Cummins, promoted. · Officers' Reserve Corps. Malcolm Fraser. Lindsey, second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' To be captavns 1Vith i'ank from Nove-mber_23, 19p. Reserve Corps. · First Lieut. George A. Goodyear, Cavalry, vice Capt. Alex- William Smith, second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' Reserve ander L. James, jr., promoted. ~ Corps. First Lieut. Paul H. Morris, Cavaii·y, vice Capt. ·Philip Gordon, Jean Elsworth Nelson, first Jleutenant, Infantry Officei·s' Re· promoted. serve Corps. 1630 CONGRESSIONA:I:i .RECORD-_SENATE. _ F~BRUARY 4,

Kirkwood .Duval "Scott, seconO. lieutenant, Infantry 'Officers' Heney Lord Page King, second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' Re erve Corps. Reserve Corps. Horace Oscar .Cushman, .second lteutennnt, Infantry Officers' Craig Pa-rsons Cochrane, econd lieutennnt, Infaph·y ·officers' Reserve Corps. Reserve Corps. · William l\1aine Hut!:on, second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' Harry W. Koster, second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' Re- Re erve Corps. · · ' · · serve Corps. Thomas Maury Galbreath, jr., second lieutenant, Infantry Offi- · Alfred James McMullin, econd lieutenant, Infantr~y Officers' cers' Reserve Corps. Reserve Corp . Carter Gla.ss, jr., second lieutenant, Infantcy Officers' Reserve Eugene Elliot Pratt, second lieutena11t, Infantry Officers' Re- Corp . · · · serve Corps. Lambert Alexander Wood, second lieutenant, Infantry Offi- Julien Hequembourg Needler, -second lie11tenant, lnf:mtry Offi- cer ' Reserve Corps. cers' Reserve Carps. 'Thomas Phillips, second lieutenant, Infantry Officers~ Reserve . Frank Joseph Knell, second lieutenant, Infantry Offi!!ers' Re- Corps. serve Corps. · · ' · · David Henry Finley, second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' Re- Gerald Leonard. 1\farsh, second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' serve Corps. . . Re e:rve Corps'. · Robert Sayi·e Fitz" Ran'dolph, second lieutenant, Infantry Offi- William A. Wieland, second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' .Ite- cers' Re erve ~orps. serve Corps. · Eli A. Barnes, second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' Reserve John Conrad Cattus, second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' Re- . Corps. serve Carps. . Richard Francis Bailey, second lieutenant, Infantry Officers~ Edmond Sheppard Donoho, second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' Reserve Corps. . Reserve Corps. · · Myron Morris Andrews, second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' Donald Newllliln Swain, second lieutenant, Infantry OfficerS' Reserve Corps. . Reserve Corps. · · Richard Stillings Hevenor, second lieutenant, Infantry om- John Frank Mead, second lieutenant, Infantry ·Officers' Re- cers' Re erve Cotps. serve Corps. Albert Edward .Purchas, jr., second lieutenant, Infantry Oftl- Charles McFarland Petty, second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' cers' Re ·erve Corps. Re ·e:rte Corps. Bryan Grimes Dancy, second lieutenant, Infantry O.t:pcers' Harold A.. Black, second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' Re erve Reserve Corps. C6rps. Vinton Le£> "James, jr., second lieutenant, ~Infantry O.tlieer.s' Robert Joseph l\IcEiroy, second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' Reserve Corps. R-e erve Oorps. William F. Cmiipbell., second lieutenant, Infantry Offic:erE' George Phillip Seneff, second lieutenant, Infantry Officer ' Re- Reserve Corps. serve Corps. Louis Tulane Bass, second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' Re- Henry C. Boehme, second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' R~- serve Corps. serve Corps. · Charles J. Carey, second .lie11tenant, Infantry Officers' Re- Russell G. Ayres, fir t 'lieutenant, Infantry .Officers"' Re erve serve Corps. Corp . · . Stuart Cutler, second lieutenant, ·Infantry Officers' Reserve William A. :wappenstein, secona lieutenant, ·Infantry 'Officers' Corps. Reserve 'Corps.· Elbert Gary Spencer, second lieutenant, .Infantry Officers' Re- Charles H. Owens, econd lieutennnt, Infantry Officers' Re- serve Corps. serve Corps. John Reuben Boatwright, second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' Darter Collins, second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' Reserve Reserve Corps. · Corps. Graeme K. Howard, second lien-tenaat, Infantry Officers' Re- Chrrence Earle .Lovejoy, second lieutenant, In~antry 'Officers• serve Corps. Reset·ve· Corps. Lester NelSO"n Allyn, .-second lieutenant, Infantry ·Officers' Re- ·william Ayres Gray, jr., second lieutenant, Infantry -officers• serve ·Corps. Reserve Corps. Himry Lester Barrett, second lieutenant, Infantry Office:cs' Re- Hays Matson, second lieutenant, Infantry ·Offic'erS' ·Reserve serve Cor]}S. . Corps. · Howard W. Sears, second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' iRe- George 'Edwin A:brams, second lieutenant, lrrfantry ·Officers' sen·e Corps. Reserve Corps. Raphael Semmes, ·second lieutenant, Infantr·y Officers' ·'Reserve, Clifton Rodes Breckinria·ge, jr., second 'lieutenant, lnfantry Corps. Officers' Reserve Co'l'ps. Robert Edward McDonald, second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' ! Charles :McKnight, jr., first lieutenant, Infantry 'Officers' Reserve ·Corps. Re ~ erve Co1'J)s. Elmer R. Ames, second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' Reserve. .Ricbar.d 'Lee Tayloe, 'Second lieutenan-t, Infantry ·Officers' Re- Corps. , serve Corps. Thomas Samuel Morrison, jr., second lieutenant, Infantry Offi-. Albert D. Foster, ·second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' ne erve · cers' Reserve ·Corps. Corps. ' ·· Raymond R. Tourtillott, second lieutenant, Infantry -Officers' Ralph .Eberlin, second lieutenant, ~~gineer Officers' ·neserve Reserve Corps. Corp . George Albert Hadd, second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' .Re- Edward T. Harrison, ·second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' serve Corps. Reserv-e Corps. · Leo Augustine Dunbar, secona 'lieutenant, J:nfantl..--y Officers' Donald .P. Spalding, second 1ientenant, Infantry Officers' Re-o Reserve Corps. . serve Corps. James S. Candee, second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' )teserv~ Erell D. Porter, second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' Reserve Corps. COTPS. . . Joseph Purnell Cromwell, -second lieutenant, Infantry .Officers' . ·warner Harw·ood, second lieutenant, Engineer Officer··· Re- ' Reserve -Corps. .serve Co11>s. Harry Mash Mayo, jr., second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' Ol)'de .Alexander Fowler, second lieutenant, Infantry -Officers' Reserve Corps. . Res·erve Corps. Bernard P. Hoey, second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' Reserve Laurence Jerome Potter, second lieutenant, Infanh·y Officers~ Corps. :Reserve Corps. · Arleigh Lyle 'Villis, second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' Re- Ol::tude Alfred White, first lieutenant, Infantry Officers' Re- serve Corps. 1 :serve Corps. Eustace Peabody Strout, second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' Brayton Wilbnr, second lieutenant, Infantry D:ffi.cers' Re erve Re erve Corps. Corp . · Wallace Willhim Parker, first lieutenant, Infantry Ofllcers' J olln Franklin F arnsworth, second lleutennzi:t, ln:fantry Offi- Reserve Corps. · ·cers' Reserve Corps. Ray Maxey Hare, second ·lieutenant, Infan'try Officers' Reserve Chester Boothe Blakeman, second lieutenant, Infa.utcy- Offi- Corp . · -cer ' neserve Corps. 'Valter Francis Mullins, second lieutenant, Infantry ·officers' I 'Herrry NoL·ris 'Bakken, second lieutenant, Infantry Offieers' Re erve Corps. .Reserve Corps. ...., ..... ,. ... 191 . 1631

A.I·cber · L. Lerch, . eoolid lieutenant, Infantry·· Officer;os Re· 1 osepn Burton· Sweet, of 'Vlsconsm. ~ rve Corps. Walter David Luplow, second lieutenant, Infantry . pffi ~C' J ' ' . Rodney S. Sprigg, . econd lieutenant, Infantry Office.rs' Re­ Reserve Cot"PS. · · •, · · '. , .. i serve Corps. Carey Jarman, of .1\lnrylund. . . , l\1ilton W. Emmett,. cona : Iieutenant, Infantry. Officer 1 Re­ John Horatio Helmer, sc.comllieuten.aut, In!auh·y Officers' ·Re- , .. 2 . · rve Corp. se:rve Corps. John Arthur Pierce, ·econd lieutenant, Infantry Officers' Re.~ Sidn y Pre wick Howell, . ·econu lle.n:tenant, Infantry Omeer.·· .. erve Corps, Reserve Corps. Wendell Lap ·ley Clemenson, second lieutenant, Infantry- Offi.: Hemik Antell, of New York~ .·. c rs' Re r\e- Corps. John Lionel Weeks, of South Carolina. Jonathan W. Edwards, second lieutenant, Cavalr Officer. • .A. rtlnu~ Gustavus Levy, of Vermont. Re erve Corps. - Lewis R.. Bylngto~. second lieutenant, Infantl'y Officer >· He.- William Hill Thomas, second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' B.e, ·erve- Corps; · ·.· . ern~ Corps. . Cecil W. Borton, second lieuten,ant, Infanti·y Officers' Re. ITe Charles James Deahl, jr., second lieutenant, Infanti'y O.tffe.erS: ~~ . . Reserve Coups~ Don.a.ld Finncrman, econd lieutenant,. Infuntey O:Oice.r. ~ Frank Macdonald Ogden, second lieutenant, Infanti:y Officers' re~e. Corps., Rc~erve Corps; Harper .Allen Holt, second lieutenant, Infantry Officer ' Re­ Bruce Field Higgenbotham, second lieutenant, Infunny- 01lli ... erve.: s' :n~ Charles Augustin Campbell, jr., second lieutenant, Infantry serve< Corpg. Officers' Reserve Corps. · Gregory Alexanc.ler Harrison, of Califonllil. · l\faurice Web"ter Oclieltree, fir:rt.lieutenant, Infantry Officers' · Paull ~fcCauley- Boston~ of lllinois": Reserve Corps. Elmer Leroy Mott, second lieutenant,. Iti.f::intry {)fficer. ' Re­ Roy T. Rouse, second lieutenant , Infantry Officers' Res~rve serve Corps. Cof'ps. Thomas Reed Holmes. of Maryland. Ivan B. Snell, .first lieutenant, Infantry Officers' R erve Ha:rord'· WhitcomlT Batchelder', second· lieuteruxnt, Infantry Corp. . . Officers' Reserve Corps. Wendell We tover, second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' Jle... Jay Hawenstfilff· Cushman, of Kansas~ ·erve Corps. . John Percy Redwood, second lieutenant, Infantry Otticcrs~ James Wilson Rice, first lieutenant, Infantry Officerst Re:­ Reserw Cbrps; erve· Corp ~ Robert Hem·y Engie,. of Illllmfs'. William Edgar, second lieutenant, Infantry OfficerS:' Reserve Corps; Samuel Young- Dinkin. , or South Chrallna. Roscoe Irwin Mac 1\Illlan, of Kansa ~ Gustav Henry Lamm, second lieutenant, Infanhy Office:L~ Nicholas Dodge- Woodward, prtvate, One hundred and fifteenth Re erve Corps~ James Polk Gammon, second lieutenant, Infantry OfficerE Infantry. . Henry Rofiert Horak, of Kansas. Re erve COrp~ . J arue Arthur Giacomini, second lieutenant, Engineer Officers' James Francis Bru:ke, second. lieutenant, Infantry Officers; Re erve CorpS'. Reserve: Corps. Henry K. White, second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' Re• Henry Carroll Swill:er,, of S'ou Cwolfna. . ·erve Corps. William Keimetfi Dickson, of South Caroliila. Alva William Snyder, second lieutenant, Infantry- Officers' Clarence.Ames.l\fartin, captain, Three·lulnd.:red and· twelltieth Infimtry. J~e erve Gorp . Ralph Pierce Van Zile, second lieutenant, Field Artillery O.ffi­ Elmer John: Craft, of 1\Ilnnesotn. ·ers~ Reserve Corp 1\fark Gerald Brislawn, of Washington. Talbot Bass Fowler, of South Carolina. Edgar Leon.. N-oel, of Kansas. Matthew Francis Garvey, econd lieutenant, Infantry- Officers' Henning Linden, second lieutenant, Infantry. Oftieers1 nesa!v.e Heserve Corps. Corp. ; Samuel Littler Metcalfe, of· Texu.s-. Gerold Edward Luebben, second lieutenant, In.fan:tEy Officelis' Frank Wilbur Hulsey, of' Texa . Reserve Corps.. Kirby Green, of Georgia. To be second lieutenants u'ith 'ranlc ft'011t October 24, 191"1. Myron Jaseph Conway, of Texas. Harold Clifton Reed, second lieutenant, Infantry Officers~ Re­ First Lfeu.t. Harry A. Seymour, Philippine Scouts: serve Corps. First Lieut Edwa~:d J . Oliver, Philippine< Scouts~ Samuel Hamilton Laderu ohn, second lieutenant, Infantry Second Lieut. Ralph K. F letcher, Philippine Scouts.. .fficers' Reserve- Corps-. S~cond Lieut.. Thomas. R. McCarron,- Philippine S-couts . Clyde Arthur Ames, econd lieutcnllllt, Infantry Ofiicel'S,... Re­ Second Lieut. LeRoy 'Var ring Wilson, One hundred anti . erve Corps. twenty-see.ond Infantry. Irwin Lytle Lum.mi.s, second' lieutenant, Infantry Officerst Re­ First Lieut. Oscar. :Peace Hilburn, One hundl·ed nnd tweuty-­ serve Corps. fourth· Infantry. Joseph Glenn Bab6, of M.i so uri. Second Lieut. Ray Archie Martin, Second· Infantry, A.l:kansas Hollis Benjamin Hoyt, sergeant, Company C, First Regiment, N ationaJ Guar-d; Vermont National Gua'l'd. Second Lieut. Thomas Franklin Troxell, Coml)ftny G,. {)ne Clarence Morrill Collord, second lieutenant, Infantry Officer;'>-' hum:l.red and· fifteenth. Infantry.. Rese~ e Corps~ Second Lieut. Thomas Entrekin Hibben, One hundre(l and. Russell I.eamer McKown, of Iowa. fiftieth Field Artillery. Frederick Wright Hackett, second-lieuten..'l:llt, Infa11try: Offi- Pvt. Vance Lawton Riclimond'; Company I, One.. hundred and cers' Reserve f'_,orps. ' sixty-third Infantry. Roy- George Rom, of· Wisconsin. Pvt. (First Class) Earle Tra.sk"Loncks; Company M, Twenty- Fred H. Reynolds, . econd lieutenant, Infantry Officers' Re­ second! Un1ted States Infantry. . . crve- Corps. Corpl. Alfred Dorrance Cameron, Company B., One: hundred Van Courtright ·walton, of Ohio. andt sixty=oftrst lnfantcy. Matthew Weaver Steele, seeond lieut enant, Infantry Officers' Co.r[ll: Herbert Suthe-rland .Havens, C"ompany . L; Se"Yenth. Jn­ lleserve Corps. fantry, New York National Guard. Lawrence-- W-a.ltel' Mar. hall, of ~:Iinne ota. · CorpJ:. Joseph. Elpridge Pierce, Tw·enq~fifth . ReellUit Company, John August Otto, of Texas. General Service Infantry. CONGRESSION.AL -RECORD-SENATE. FEB~UARY 4,

Corpl. John Goldth"\\ait Davi , Company L, One hundred and Second Lieut. George Read, jr., Infantry Officers' Re erve seventh Infantry. . Corps. Sergt. 'Villiam Euart Gladstone Cooper, Company F, Thirty­ Second Lieut. James Clayton Clements, Infantry Officers' Re· eighth Infantry. serve Corps. Pvt. (First Class) George Hunter Passmore, United States Charles Huntington Jacobs, of Massachusetts. Military Academy Detachment Engineers. Second Lieut. Hanford Mac Nider, Infantry Officers' Reserve Corpl. Wayne Marshall, Company L, Seventh Infantry, New Corps. York National Guard. Second Lieut. Alexander Dickson Wilson, Infantry Officers' Sergt. George Orenthus Allen Daughtry, jr., One hundred and Reserve Corps. twenty-first Infantry. . Second Lieut. Edward Newton Wigton, Infantry Officers' Re­ Sergt. Eugene Joseph 1\Iinarelli Fitz-G~rald, First Disciplinary serve Corps. Battalion. Second Lieut. -Eric Frederick Pihlgard, Infantry Officers' ~vt. Frank Brevard Hayne, jr., One hundred and forty-first Reserve Corps. Field Artillery. · Second Lieut. Leslie N. Ross, Infantry Officers' Reserve Sergt. Newton Gale Bush, Company G, Second Infantry, Corps. · GeOl'gia National Guard. Second Lieut. Arthur Warren Mudge, jr., Infantry Officers' Sergt. Paolo Hoffoss Sperati, 'Headquarters Company, Thirty­ Reserve Corps. second Infantry. Second Lieut. Thomas Harry Nicholl, Infantry Officers' Re­ C01·pl. Alan Lindsay Hart, Troop D, First Cavalry, Virginia serve Corps. National Guard. Second Lieut. James Leslie Hubbell, Infantry Officers' Reserve Supply Sergt. Worden Henry Cowen, Machine Gun Company, Corps. · One hundred and fifty-eighth Infantry. Second Lieut. Benjamin Hoyt Decker, Infantry Officers' Re- Pvt. Russell Lincoln · Bonnell, Troop D, First Cavalry, Penn­ serve Corps. . sylvania National Guard. Second Lieut. Walter Alexander Dumas, Infantry Officers' Pvt. (First Class) Harold Louis l\Iorian, Company C, Third Reserve Corps. .,. Engineers. Second Lieut. Edwin Emerson Keatley, Infanh·y Officers' Re· Pvt. (First Class) LeRoy Welling Nichols, Seventh Infantry, serve Corps. New York National Guard. Second Lieut. W. R. Barksdale Stevens, Infantry Officers' Re· First Sergt. Francis Dundas Ross, Company D, One hundred serve Corps. and fortieth Infantry. Earle Lucas Hazard, of California. Pvt. Keith Francis Driscoll, Troop D, First Cavalry, New Second Lieut. Moses Taylor, jr., Infantry Officers' Reserve York National Guard. Corps. Sergt. Harvey J. Sil'restone, Company C, Second Regiment, George Holladay McKee, of Georgia. United States Engineers. Second Lieut. Leet Wilson Bissell, Infantry Officers' Reserve Sergt. Charles Martin Chamberlain, jr., One hundred and Corps. sixty-first Infantry. Second Lieut. William Blackburn White, Infantry Officers' Sergt. Harry Barnes Sepulveda, Second Company, Coast Reserve Corps. Artillery Corps. Second Lieut. George Comfort Parkhurst, Infantry Officers' Pvt. (First Class) Sherman Lawrence Hougen, Battery E, Reserve Corps. One hundred and forty-seventh Field Artillery. Second Lieut. Luther Wight Turner, Infantry Officers' Re· Pvt. Melvin Pratt Spalding, Company I, Seventh Infantry, serve Corps. New York National Guard. Second Lieut. William Hornbeek Deyo, Infantry Officers' Re­ Pvt. Bernard Meredith, Troop B, First Cavalry, Virginia· Na­ serve Corps. tional Guard. Second Lieut. Francis Wesley Dunn, Infantry Officers' Reserve Corp!. Harold G. Johnstone, Company D, First Telegraph Bat- Corps. talion, Signal Corps. Second Lieut. Don Magruder Scott, Infantry Officers' Reserve Sergt. l\Ianoah Newton Swetnam, Quartermaster Corps. Corps. Corpl. William Fenton Newton, Ordnance Department. Second Lieut. Allen Wylie Cook, Infantry Officers' Reserve Oorpl. Andrew Frederick Hassel, Sixth Company, Coast Artil­ Corps. lery Corps. Second Lieut. Robert Edward Wysor, jr., Infantry Officers' Second Lieut. Edward Reynolds Schauffier, Infantry, National Reserve Corps. Guard, United States. Second Lieut. Robert . Dechert, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. Louis Arthur Kuerzi, Infantry, National Guard, Corps. United States. Second Lieut. James E. Wharton, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. Orlando Cobden Brown, Infantry, National Corps. · Guard, United States. William Ozman Wyckoff, of New York. Second Lieut. Frank Henry Hollingsworth, Infantry, National Carleton Smith, of the District of Columbia. Guard, United States. Paul Conover Gripper, gf California. Second Lieut. Keelah Bouve, Infantry, National Guard, United Second Lieut. Martin Dunlap Barndollar, jr., Infantry Officers' States. Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Thomas Aloysius. O'Brien,_ Infantry, National Second Lieut. Raymond Clarence Alley, Infantry Officers' Re­ Guard, United States. serve Corps. Second Lieut. Edward Andrew O'Malley, jr., Infantry, Na­ Second Lieut. Francis C. Lewis, Infantry Officers' Reserve tional Guard, United States. Corps. Second Lieut. Francis l\I. Fuller, Infantry, National Guard, Second Lieut. Lewis Simons, Infantry Officers' Reserve Corps. United States. Second Lieut. James Harold Day, Infantry Officers' Re erve Second Lieut. Sidney Abdill Sands, Infantry, National Guard, Corps. . United States. . Second Lieut. James Moore Austin, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. Christian Allen Schwarzwaelder, Infantry, Na­ Corps. tional Guard, United States. Second Lieut. Albert Watson Vinal, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. Allan Benjamin Clayton, Infantry, National Corps. Guard, United States. Second Lieut. Paul Grattan Corker, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. Howard Nichols Merrill, Infantry, National Corps. Guard, United States: Second Lieut. Hiram· Russell Ide, Infantry OtJicers' Reserve Corps. . To be second lieutenants 'With rank from Octobe1· 26, 1917. Second Lieut. James Alfred Rogers, Infantry Officers' Reserve Thomas White Proctor, of Massacsusetts. Corps. Robert Francis Kelley, of Massacsusetts. Second Lieut. Randolph Randall Brown, Infantry Officers' Second Lieut. George· Jabez Leftwich, jr., Infantry Officers' Reserve Corps. _ _ Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Leon Roy Mead, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. Neely Powers, Infantry Officers' Reserve Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. Harrison Gardner Reynolds, Infantry Officers' Second Lieut. Harold Cyrill Conick, Infantry Officers' Reserve Reserve Corps. Corps. · Second Lieut. Trevor Washington Swett, Infantry Officers' Second Lieut. Loren A. Wetherby, Infantry Officers' Reserve Reserve Corps. Corps. 1918. CONGRESSIO AT:-~ECOR. D=SENATE~ 1633_

Second Lieut. James Joseph Coghlan, Infantry Officers,. Re­ Second Lieut. Harry Hood. Martin, Infantry· O:ffieers' Rese-rve serve Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. Samuel Hazzard Cross, Infantry Officm-s' Re­ Herbert T: Pen·in, of Ohio. serve Corps. Second Lieut. Arthur Wallace Pope, jr., Infantry Officers' Re~ Second Lieut. Carl Unver. acht Luers, Infantry Officer.s' Re­ serve•Corp . ·erve Corps. Second Lieut. Joseph Bartholomew Conroy, Infantry Qffi.ce ' ·'· Second Lieut. Berna:cd Butler McMahon; Infantry Officers, I Reserve Corps. Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Emons Bert 'Vhisner, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. Carlton Banigan. Infantry Officers' Reserve Corps. Corps. Second Lieut George Wesley Griner, jr., Infantry Offic r ' Second Lieut. 'Vinchester Kelso, jr., Infantry Officers' Reserve Reserve Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. Hugh Tullock Mayberry, Infantry Officers? Re- Second Lieut. George Edwin FingaTSOD, Infantry omcers' serve Corp. . Re. erve Corps. Second Lieut. Charles Duke Pearc8, jr., Infantry Officers' Re- Second Lieut. Leaver Richardson, Infantry Officers' Reserve serve Corps. · Corps. Second Lieut. Edward Dickinson McDougal, jr., Infantry Offi- Second Lieut. Lawrence 1.\fitchell York, Infantl-y OIDcers' cers' Reserve Corps. Reserve Corps. Philip Wager Lowry, of Massachusetts. .· Second Lieut. James Frank Lilley, Infantry- Officers' Reserve Charles Paine Winsor, of l\Iassachuset~ Corps. · Second Lieut. John Doble, Infantry Offic.ers' Rer-;erve CoJ.:P~ . Second Lieut. Elwood Miller Stokes Steward, Infantry Offi­ Second Lieut. Moses McKay Darst, Infantry Officers' Reserve cer ' Re erve Corps. ~~& • Second Lieut. Herbert Leroy Scales, Infantry Officers' Reserve· Second Lieut. Robert Reese Smith, Infantry- Officers' Reserve Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. Ernest Albert Rudelius, l1.1fantry Officers' Second' Lieut; Evan C. Dresser~ In:fantry Officers' Re erve Re erve Corps. • Corps. Second Lieut. Joseph Welch Emery, jr., Infantry Officers' Second Lieut. James Gates Carr, Infantry- Officers' Reserve Reser•e Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. William Lee Blanton, Infantry Officer ' Reserve Second Lieut. Daniel Ely Fa.rr, Infantry Otllcers' Reserve Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. Harold Eugene Sturcken, Infantry Officers' Second Lieut. Chester MCl'lutt Woolworth, Infantry Officers' Re erve Corps. Re erve Corps. , Second Lieut. Milton Petersen, Infantry Officers' Reserve­ Second Lieut. Roland 1\falonEJ Glenn, Infantry Officers' Re­ Corps. serve Corps. Second Lieut. Gillette Hill, Infantry Officers' Reserve COrps. Second Lieut. Harry Staples Robertson, Infantl-y Officers' Second Lieut. Stuart Mortimer Firth, Infantry Officers' Reserve Corps. Reserve Corps. · Second Lieut. Lawrence 1\Ioss Arnold, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. Porter PLse Wiggins, Infantry Officers' Reserve serve Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. Arthur Reynolds Knott, Infantl'y Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. Eugene Willford 1\!arkey, Infantry Officers' serve Corps. Re erve Corps. Second Lieut. Samuel O'Connor Neff, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. Barnard Pierce, Infantry- Officers' Reserve serve Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. Philip Edward Brown, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. Robert Armstrong Cochran, Infantry Officers' serve Corps. Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Olaf Phillips Winningstad. Infantry Officer ' Second Lieut. Proctor Calvin Gllson, Infantry Officers' Reserve Re erve· Corps. . Corps. Second Lieut. Raymond Merlir: Myers, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. Paul Bacon Matlock, Infantry Officers'' Reserve serve Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. Paul Snowden Russell, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. Charles 'Vord.swor.th Nevin, 2d, Infantry Offi­ serve Corps. cers' Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Herbert Coleman Smith, Infantry Officers' Re~ Second Lieut. William Lambert Kleitz, Infantry Officers' serve Corps. . Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Edward Nahum Mitchell, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. Orville William Harris, Infantry Officers' serve· Corps. Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. James Albert Van Sant, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. Stanley Raymond Putnam, Infantry Officers' serve Corps. Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. William Eugene Stanley, Infantry Officer ' Second Lieut. Harold Dean Corney, Infantry Officers' Reserve Re erve Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. Frank Shepherd Spruill, jr., Infantry Officers' Second Lieut. John Thomas Zellars, Infantl'y Officers' Reserve Reserve Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. George Arthur Davis, Infantry Officers' Re- · Second Lieut. Alexander Coldclough Dick, Infantry Officers' serve Corps. Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Laurin L. 'Villiams, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. Richard Alfred l\IcClure, Infantry Officers! Re­ Corps. serve Corps.· Second Lieut. George Van \Vyck Pope, Infantry Officers' Re­ Robert Kinloch l\fa sie, jr., of Kentucky. serve Corps. Second Li.But. Twomey Michael Clifford, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. Edwin Manly Allison, Infantry Officers' Re­ serve Corps. serve Corps. Secoml Lieut. Harry Andrew Welsch, jr., Infantry Officers' Second Lieut. George Ellsworth. Butler, lnfantl'y Officer ·' Re­ Reserve Corps. serve Corps. Second Lieut. Tranny Lee Gaddy, Infantry Office~' Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Edgar Lewis Clewell, In:fa1ltry Officer ' Re­ Second Lieut. Dennis Joseph O'Toole, Infantry Officers' Re- · serve Corps. serve Corps. Second Lieut. Herbert Arthur Buermeyel!, Infantry Officers' Second I..ieut. Melvin Holmes Leonard, Infantry Office.r:s' Re- Reserve Corps. serve Corps. · Leo Roy l\loody, of-California. Second Lieut. Ben Corley Marable, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. William l\fcLean Christie, Infantry Officers' Corps. Re erve Corps. Second Lieut. Aithw: Adolph Weiskopf, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. Leon Draper Gibbens, inf~mtry Officers' Re4 serve Corps. serve Corps. Second' Lieut. Francis Osborn Noble, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut; Mark Merton Grubbs, Infantry Officers' Re­ serve Corps. serve Oorps. Second Lieut. John Adams Ballard, Infantry Officers• Reserve Second Lieut. Robert Alexander Kinloch, Infantzy Officers' Corps. Re erre COrps. I•- . •· .. 1634 CONGRESS! ON AL RECORD-SENATE. .. .. " FEBRUARY 4,

Second Lieut. Joel Rankin Burney, ·Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. Royal Crosby Carpenter, Infant_ry Officers' · Corps. . Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Franklin Prague Shaw,· Infantry Officers' Re- Second Lieut. Edwin Sanders Van Deusen, Infantry Officers' serve Corps. _ Reserve Corps. · Second Lieut. Winfield Harrison Scott, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second · Lieut. Robert Stanley Boy kin, Infantry Officers' serve Corps. Reserve Corps. . Second Lieut. Arthur Gilles Davidson, Infantry Officers' · Second Lieut. Edward Morris Ford, Infantry Officers' Re­ Reserve Corps. • serve Corps. Second Lieut. Harold Ashlyn White, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. .William Lawrence Phillips, Infantry Officers' serve Corps. Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Campbell Nelson Jackson, Infantry Officers' Second Lieut. George Alfred Hunt, Infantry Officers' Reserve. Reserve Corps. Corps. · Second Lieut. Joel Albert Fite, Infantry Officers' Reserve Secon_d Lieut. K~nneth Gray Reynolds, Infantry Officers' Re- Corps. serve Corps. -·- · . Second Lieut. James Alexander Black, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. Robert Hardwick Warren, jr., Infantry Offi­ serve Corps. cers' Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Clarence R. Peck, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. .Vyse Beckwith ·whedon, Infantry Officers' Re­ Corps. serve Corps. Second Lieut. Glenn Gordon Hall, Infantry Officers' Reserve John 'Valcott, of Massachusetts. · Corps. · . Second Lieut. Philip Harrison Condit, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. Charles Clifford Gillette, Infantry Officers' Re4 serve Corps. serve Corps. Second Lieut. J @hn Ernest Dahlquist, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. Walace Eugene Hawkins, Infantry Officers' Re­ serve Corps. serve Corps. Second Lieut. Russell Symonds Fisher, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. Ralph· Morton McFaul, Infantry Officers' Re­ serve Corps. serve Corps. Second Lieut. Luther Kennedy Brice, lnfant}·y Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. Forrest Prow Barrett, Infantry Officers' Re­ serve Corps. erve Corps. Second Lieut. John Mitchell Dale, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. Beal Hendrix Siler, Infantry Officers' Reserve Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. Jack Edward Duke, jr., Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. Emmett George Lenihan, Infantry Officers' serve Corps. Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Tom Sherman Brand, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. Edward Hines, jr., Infantry Officers' Reserve serve Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. Charles Morris Ankcorn, Infantry Officers Re­ Second Lieut. Bird Little, Infantry Officers' Reserve Corps. serve Corps. Second Lieut. Evan Charles Williams, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut.. James Robinson Urquhart, Infantry Officers' serve Corps. Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. James Allan O'Neill, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. John Walter Saladine, jr., Infantry Officers' Corps. . Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Coulter Malcolm Montgomery, Infantry Offi­ Second Lieut. Morrill Watson Marston, Infantry Officers' Re­ cers' Reserve Corps. serve Corps. Second Lieut. Einar ·walter Chester, Infantry Officers' Re­ . Second Lieut. Morrison Chalmers Wood, Infantry Officers' serve Corps. Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. James Allen Griffin, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. Alymer Bluford Atkins, Infantry Officers' Re­ Corps. serve Corps. Second Lieut. Guy Cummins McKinley, jr., Infantry Officers' Second Lieut. Robert Robinson, Infantry Officers' Reserve Reserve Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. Gordon Prescott Savage, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. John Dwight Filley, jr., Infantry Officers' Re- serve Corps. serve Corps. _ Second Lieut. Harold Hugh McClune, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. William Edward Bergin, Infantry Officers' Re­ serve Corps. serve Corps. Second Lieut. Kingsley Barham, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. John Otis Crose, Infantry Officers' Reserve Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. Lester Earl MacGregor, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. Samuel Robert Epperson, Infantry Officers' sen·e Corps. Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Harold Pearson Gibson, Infantry Officers' Re­ Leslie Fisher Tanner, of Louisiana. erve Corps. . Second Lieut. Frederick Levenworth Bramlette, Infantry Second Lieut. Lloyd Ross Besse, Inf~ntry Officers' Reserve Officers' Reserve Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. Benjamin Wilson Venable, Infantry Officers' Second Lieut. Willard John Mason, Infantry Officers' Reserve Reserve Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. Myron Everhart Bagley, Infantry Officers' Re- Second Lieut. Percival Robert Bowey, Infantry Officers' Re- serve Corps. ' serve Corps. Second Lieut. John Lawrence Murphy, Infantry Officers' Re- Second Lieut. Hugh Merle Elmendorf, Infantry Officers' Re­ serve Corps. · serve Corps. Second Lieut. John William Freels, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. William Nevin Given, Infantry Officers' Reserve Corps. · Corps. Second Lieut. Eugene Faber Gillespie, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. Charles Fearn Sutherland, Infantry Officers' serve Corps. Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. George Warren Setzer, jr., Infantry Officers' Second Lieut. Lance Edward 'Gowen, Infantry Officers' Re­ Reserve Corps . . erve Corps. Second Lieut. James Bragdon 1\ludge, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Li~ut. Edward Payson Hayward, Infantry Officers' serve Corps. Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Allan Hanson Snowden, Infantry Officers' Re- Second Lieut. Gilbert Everhard Parker, Infantry Officers' Re­ serve Corps. . serve Corps. Second Lieut. Earl Leslie Renhstorff Askam, Infantry Officers' Second Lieut. Francis Beeston Myer, Infantry Officers' Re­ Reserve Corps. · serve Corps. Second Lieut. Artbilr Seymour Nevins, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. Irvin Levi Swanson, Infantry Officers' Reserve serve Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. Gustave Villaret, jr., Cavalry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. Philip Delano Richmond, Infantry Officers' Re- ~~ I . serve Corps. . Second Lieut. Horace Edward Watson, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. William Walter Timmis, Infantry Officers' Re­ serve Corps. serve Corps. Second Lieut. Lester Austin Webb, Infantry Officers' Resei·ve Second Lieut. Gayle McFadden, Infantry Officers' Reserve Corps. Corps. 1918 . . ~ . CONGRESSIONAL 'RECORD--SEN.ATE.~

Second Lieut. Burt Eugene Skeel, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. Cassius Hayward Styles, Infantry Officers' Re· Corps. serve Corps. Second Lieut. Henry Augustus Brickley, Infantry Officers' Second Lieut. Fisher S. Harris, Infantry Officers' Reserve Reserve Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. Thomas Patrick Barry, jr., Infantry Officers' Second Lieut.- Frederick John Slackford, Infantry Officers' Reserve Corps. Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Roger Wisner, Infantry Officers' Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. George Fisher Dashiell, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. l\Ierril Virgil Reed, Infantry Officers' Reserve serve Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. Ray Edison Porter, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. A. Pledger Sullivan, ·Infantry. Officers' Reserve Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. Frank Exley Barber, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. Douglas Outlaw Langstaff, Infantry Officers' Corps. Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Julian Erwin, Infantry Officers' Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Ralph Watson Hickey, Infantry Officers' Re- Second Lieut. John Earl Brannan, Infantry Officers' Reserve serve Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. George Keyes Page, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. George Washington Brodie, jr., Infa~try Corps. Officers' Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Thomas Lewis Reese, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. 'Valdron Joseph Cheyney, Infantry Officers' Corps. Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. William Burbridge Yancey, Infantry Officers' Second Lieut. Edward Russell Jobson, Infantry Officers' Re­ Reserve Corps. serve Corps. Second Lieut. Leo James McCarthy, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. Albert Sidney Lewis, jr., Infantry Officers' Re· Corps. serve Corps. · Second Lieut. Griffin Duff Vance, Infantry. Officers' Reserve Edward Seguin Couch, of Connecticut. Corps. . Second Lieut. William Joseph Devine, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. Earl Franklyn Paynter, Infantry Officers' Re- serve Corps. sen-e Corps. Second Lieut. Edward Huger Carpenter, jr., Infantry Officers' · Second Lieut. Joseph Michael O'Grady, Infantry Officers' Re- .Reserve Corps. serve Corps. Second Lieut. Charles Campbell Brooks, Infantry Officers' Re- Second Lieut. Clifford Ruskin Wright, Infantry Officers' Re- serve Corps. · serve Corps. Second Lieut. Gordon Kaemmerling, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. Donald McGill Marshman, Infantry Officers' Corps. ReRerve Corps. Second Lieut. Francis Relyea Holmes, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. John Scott Coleman. Infantry Officers' Re-· serve Corps. serve Corps. Second Lieut. 'Yilliam Volney Rattan, Infantry Officers' Re­ · Second Lieut. Harrison Bruce Beavers, Infantry Officers' Re- serve Corps. serve Corps. · Second Lieut. Rosswell Eric Hardy, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. Elbridge Colby, Infantry Officers' Reserve Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. Wilbur Copley Herbert, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. Herbert Daskum Gibson,. Infantry Officers' Re- serve Corps. serve Corps. Second Lieut. Ross Martin, Infantry Officers' Reserve Corps. Pvt. Goulding Kumler Wight, Seventh Regiment, New York Second Lieut. Alexander McCook Craighead, Infantry Officers' National Guard. Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Harry Squire Wilbur, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. William Mason Smith, jr., Infantry Officers' .Corps. Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Albert Sigfred Johnson, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. James Mansfield Symington, Infantry Officers' serve Corps. Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Clarence Otis Black, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. Herron White Miller, Infantry Officers' Resene Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. Paul Blassengame Robinson, Infantry Officers' Second Lieut. Maurice Russel Fitts, Infantry Officers' Reserve Reserve Corps. Corps. . Second Lieut. William Lamont Coulter,. Infantry Officers' Re· Second Lieut. l\IarYin Rood Dye, Infantry Officers' Reserve serve Corps. _ Corp:!i. Second Lieut. Glen Eh·oy McCarthy, Infantry Officers' Re­ · Second Lieut. Emanuel Reyenthaler Wilson, Infantry Offi~ers• serve Corps. Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Joseph Henry Hinwood, jr., Infantry ·Officers' Second Lieut. William Irving Truitt, Infantry Officers' Re­ Re erve Corp::;. serve Corps. Second Lieut. Russell Fleming Walthour, jr., Infantry Officers' Second Lieut. Lloyd Zuppann, Infantry Officers' Re erve Reserve Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. James Crawford DeLong, Infantry Officers' Second Lieut. John Kirkland Rice, Infantry Officers' Reserve Reserve Corps. '- Corps. Second Lieut. Joseph Patrick Lawlor, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. Hammond Davies Birks, Infantry Officers' Re­ serve Corps. serve Corps. Second Lieut. Timothy Asbury Pedley, jr., Infantry Officers' Second Lieut. James Holden Hagan, Infantry Officers' Reserve Reserve Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. Charles Norton Owen, Infantry Officers~ Re­ Second Lieut. Lester Smith Ostrander, Infantry Officers' Re­ serve Corps. serve Corps. Second Lieut. Charles Russell Gideon, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. Edwar

1636 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-.SE_r ATE. FEBRUARY 4 ~

Second Lieut. Frank 1\filton Conroy, Infantry Officers' Reserve - Second Lieut. Wilbm· Reece McReynoldE.t, Intantr;y Officers' Corps. Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Charles Spurgeon Jolm'50n,.. Infantry Otllcers' David Dean Barrett, of Colorado. Reserve Corps. · William Willard Bw·ke, of Colora<1o. Second Lieut. Albert Ralph Boomhower, Infantry Officers' Re- Arthur Dudley Fay, of Massachusett~ serve Corps. . William Barney l?itts, of North Carolina. Second Lieut. Hugh Andrew Wear, Infantry Officers' Reserve Thomas Harry Ramsey, of Nevada. Corps. Second Lieut. Paul Delmar DavisL Infantry Officevs' Re::; r e Second Lieut. George- Allan 1\liller, Infantry Officers' Reserve Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. Lewis Burnham Rock1 Infantry; Officer ' Re­ Second Lieut. David Loring, jr., Infantry Officers' Resene s<:-rve Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. Gaillard Pinckney,, Infantry ·Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. Stockbridge Carleton IDlton, Infantry Officers' Corps. Re e1·ve Corps. S~ond Lieut-. Benjamin. Franklin O'Co-nnor._ jr., Infantry Second Lieut. Jame Dixin Everett, Infantry Officers' Reserve Officers' Reserve Corp . Corp. Second Lieut. Fred.Currie Milner, Infantry- Officers' ReseL'Ve Gordon Congdon King, of New York. Corps. Second Lieut. Jackson Roger Sharman,- Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. William Parks Dri:tkell,. jr.r Infantry Officer. ' serve Corps. Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Harvey Clark McClary, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. Georga Kenney Bowden, Infantry Officer. 1 serve Corps. Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. ·wmard James Freeman, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. Lloyd.. Wallace Georgeson, Infantry Officer::, serve Corps. Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Jay Melvin Fields, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. Francis 1\Iarion Da.IT, Infantry Officers' Re­ C-orps. serve Corps. Second Lieut. George Anthony Horkan, Infantry Officers' Secoml Lieut. William Clarke Webster, Infantry Officer ·' Re­ Re erve Corps. sen•e Corps. Second Lieut. Samuel Cranmer Thomp on, Infantry Officers' Second Lieut.. Francis Thomas Ward,. Infantry Officers' Re­ Re erve Corp ·. serve corps. · Second Lieut. Harry Winant . Caygill, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut Frederick_ William Wendt, Infanti·y Officers' erve Corps. Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Emery St. George, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. William C. Thurman, Infantry. Officers' Re ·erve Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. John Lloyd Phillips, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. Robert Evi,ston Shideler, Infantry Officers' Re­ Corps. serve Corps. Second Lieut. Berthoud Clifford, Infantry Officers' Reserve Serond Lieut. Oliver \Villiam Fannin, Infantry Officers' ll.e· Corps. serve Corps. · Second Lieut. James Elson Jeffres, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. Charles Frost Craig, Infantry Officers' Re erre Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. Epler Cadwell Mills, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. Arthur Leland Turner~ Infantry Officers' Re­ Corps. serve Corps. Harry Emerson Storms, of New .Tersey. Second Lieut. Henderson. Donaldson Emery,. Infantry Officers' Second Lieut. Orlo Harry Quinn, Infantry Officers' Reserve Re~erve Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. Oscar K. Wolber, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. Ernest Rollen Hoftyzer, Infantry Officers' Re- Corps. erve CorpS'. - Serond Lieut. · Russell Slocum,. Infantry Officers~ Reserve Second Lieut. John W. Scott, Infantry Officers' Reserve Corps. Corps. Second' Lieut. Lewis Anderson Page, Infantry Officers~ Re­ Second Lieut. Karl Eugene Henion, Infantry Officers' Reserve serve Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. John Manning Battle, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. Thomas Lindsay Creekmore, Infantry Officers' serve Corps. Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. John Roach Sproul, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. Geor~e Orial Olark,. Infantry Officers' Reserv Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. Virgil Conkling, Infantry ' Officers' Reserve S(lcond I.ieut. William Carrington- Stettinius, Infantry Offi­ Corps. cers' Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. William Russell Silvey,.. Inf::rotry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. Russell J. Potts, Infantry. Officers' Reserve serve Corps. Corps. Second -Lieut. Alexander Oscar Gorder, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. William Hoover Craig, Infantry Officers' Re­ serve Corps. serve Corps. Second Lieut. Charles Edmund Garbrick, Infantry Officers' Second Lieut. John Rupley Schwartz, Infn.ntny Officers' Re­ Reserve Corps. serve Corps. Second Lieut. Forrest Adair Roberts, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut Thaddeus C. Knight, Infantry.- Officers' Reserve sHve Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. Alonzo Franklin Myers, Infantry Officers' Re- Second Lieut~ Ollie ·william Reed, Infantry Officers' neservo serve Cotps. · Corps. Second Lieut. Thomas Ellsworth Martin, Infantry Officers' Second Lieut. Frank Ewell Boyd, Infantry· Officers' Ueserve Reserve Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. Max John Berg, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut Louis 'Vilsom l\faddox, Infantry Officers' Re· Corps. serve CoTps. · Second Lieut. Thomas Jennings Guilbeau, InfantTy Officers' - Clark Olds Tayntor, of Pennsylvania. l~eserve Corps. Ernest Eugene Stansbery, of Arkansas. Second Lieut. Hugh James Hannigan, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lient~ l\1alvern Jesse Nabb, Infanb·y Officers' Reserve SE.·rve Corps. Corps. • Secon-d Lieut. John Joseph Mathison, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut.. Andrew Henry Hilgartner, Infantry Officers' serve Corps. - Reserve Corps. . Second Lieut. 1\filo Victor Buchanan, Infantry Officers' Re­ - ~econd Lieut. .Iohn Cl;yde lithero, Infantry Officers' Re-erve serve Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. Kearie Lee Berry, Infantry Office1·s' Reserve · Second Lieut. Eugene Phillip Watkins, lnfantr31 Officers' Re­ Corps. serve Corps. Second Lieut. William Emmett Wiley, Infantry Officers' Re­ · Second' Lieut. Richard Noble Armst~'Ong,_ Infantry Officers' serve Corps. Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Earl Parker Kemp, Infantry Officers' Reserve · Second Lten:t~ Philip John Sexton, Infantrl\ Officers' Reser'\"e Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. William Elbridge Chickering, Infantry Officers' Second Lieut. W. Fulton_Magill, j~. Inf.alltry ()fficers llesene He erve Corps. Corps. 1918. . I CONGRRSSIONAIJ '" RECORD~SEN.ATE. 1637

Second Lieut. . Harry Curry, .Infantri Officers' Reserve Corps. John Theodore Sunstone, of 1\laryland. Second Lieut. Ethan Allen Hitchcock Shepley, Infantry Offi- ' Second Lieut. Arthur Bee McDaniel, Infantry Officers' Reserve cers' Reserve Corps. Corps. Seconut. Henry Ide Eager, Infantry Officers' R~rv Second Lieut. Robert William Duthie, Infantry Officers' Re- Corp . · . erve Corps. Second Lieut. George Prather Van Rip~I', Infanti·y Offic r. James Nathaniel McClure, of Kentucky. R .,erve Corp.. · Second Lieut. Garth Bly Haddock, Infantry Offieers' Reserve_ Edmund Serle Bell, of Pennsylvania. Corps. Second Lieut. Archie. Winning Hutton, IIrtnnby. Officers' De- Second Lieut. Maurice Thompson Moore, Infantry Oflicersr serve Corps. Reserve. Cm·ps. Second Lieut. Charlton Mayer Tl1cus~ Infantry Officer ' Re· Seco.nd Lieut. Charles Hutchins Mcllallon, Infantry Officers' serve Corp . Re erve Corps. Second Lieut. Hru·old Reimers Bechtel, Infantry Officer. ,. • econd Lieut. Lawrence Leonard William Mei.nzml, Infantry Reserve Co:rps. Officers' Reserve Corps. Thomas Harry Frost, of Georgia. Capt. Courtland ~!arcus H~as. Infantry Officers' Reser.ve First Lieut. Robert; Ernest Archlbald, Imantey Officer ' Corps. serve Corps. Second Lieut. Alan Erlenborn. Infantry Officers' Re erv'e. Corp . . Seeond Lieut. Harold Bayie··s Alexander; :rnlantry Officer ' Second Lieut. George Le Conte Ramsey, Infantry Officers:- Reserve Corns. Reserve Corps. · Second Lieut. Buhl 1\Ioore, Infantry· Officers. Reserve Corp . Second Lieut• .Tob.n Johnson Albright, Infantry Officers" Re- Seeond Lieut. Jes e Faust W-entz, Ordnance- Officers' Re (>.I'Ve seFVe Corps.. Corps. Second Lieut. Robert Jones King, Infantry Officers' Reset'V Second Lfeut He-nry Donald P'aton, Infarrtry·OHieers' Reserve Corps. Corps. Raymond Edwin Vermette, of Kansas. Second· Lieut. Felix Tabo-r SimpS'On:, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. Alexander- Adair, Infantry Officers' 'Reserve Corps. Corps-. · Second :Li~ut Ch, uncey Vernon €rnBb', .Bfmrtry Officer ' Second Lieut. Edward Streicher Rothrock, Infantry Officers' Re erve Corps. . Reserve Corps. · Second Lieut. Hurry Joseph! Rocka:fellt:l1 jr., Infantry Offieers• Second Lieut. Grant Alexander Schlieker, Infantry: Officers' Reserve Corps. Re ·erve Corp . · S'eeond Lieut. Frank ColumbUS: Dn-vid,_ Ilnfftn-t.zy. ()fficers' He- Second Lieut. Raymond Joseph Hurley, Inf~try Officers' Re- se1·ve Corps: seFVe- Corps. Second Lieut. John White Easley, Infant:Q Officers~ Reserve Elmer Ellsworth Stone. jr., of California. Corps~ . Burnett Fonest Treat, of Kansas. Second Lieut. Adrain Robert Brian, Intanti·y Officers, Reserve Second Lieut. William Grant Hilllru·d, jr., Infantry Officers• Corp • Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Burton Loren Lucas, Infanti·y Officers' Re rre Second Lieut. Albert Cushing Cleveland, Infantry Offieers' · Corps. Re. .erve Corps. Elijah Garrett Arnoldi, of Culifumla.

Second Lieut. Leslie Marshall Skerry1 Field .Artill{fry O.tfiCers'' Second Lieut. Russell R. Riddell, Infantl'~ {J.ffi ers' Re l'\e Reserve Corps. • Corps. Second Lieut. Walter Carper Phillips, Infantry Officers~ Re- Second Lieut Walter Russell Ketcfiam1 Inf8Jntl.1y Officers' serve Corps. Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Anthony Joseph Touart, Infantry Officers•· Re- Second Lieut. George Stephen Wear, I:n:fantry- Officel's' He- . ·erve Corps. serve Corps. Second Lieut. Henry Percy. Gray, I nfantry O:lficers' Reserve I Second Lieut. Wil'bm· Fisk Littleto.n,; Jnfantryo Officers' Re· Corps. : serve Corps. Second Lieut. Dan Harold Riner, Infantry Officers' Reserve_ ; Second Lieut. William Huger La~isse, Infantry Offi'eer ·' Corps. ' Reserve Corps. Second Ueut. Robert Morriss· Browning, Tnfa:ntry Officers' t Second Lieut. Walter Throckmurten Srott, Infantry Officers' lleseJ'Ve Corps. I Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Malcolm Palmer Bail, Infantry Officers~ Re- Ellzur Ki:rke Hart Fe en.den, of Massaehllsetts; . erve Corps. John Emmett Curran, of Oklahoma. Second Lieut. Arthur E . Easterbrook, Field .A.rtilleit'Y Offi'£ers" I Second Lieut. John Wilson O'Danfe~ · Infantl!~ O..ffieers' nc- Re e.rve Corps. · · I ser e Corps. Second Lieut. Gordon C1pDDling, Infantry ptlicers' Reserve· Second Lieut. John Snader McCloy, Field .AI·tlllery Officer Corp . Re erve Corps. Second Lieut. Raymond Boyd Jauss, Infantry Officers" Rci~ Second Lieut. Frederick Winant, jr., Infantl·y Officers' Re· serve Corps. · - · - .. seTve €orp. . Second Lieut. Thacldus Ernest Peterson, Infantry Officers" Second Lieut. Smith Goodwin Fallaw, Infant~y; · Officer ' Re· Re erve Corp . serve Corps~ Second Lieut. Harry John Collins, Infantry Officers' Reserve Hru'fy Dalton Kendrick, of Ohio. Corps. · Second. Lieut. Howard Wallace Cowant lniantry Officer " Re- Second Lieut. Edgar V. l\Iaher, Infantry Offi er~' Reserve serve Corps. · Oorps. Second Lieut. W:lli:el• Eugene Perkim3; Initt»try Officer • R e- Guy Blanton Hazelgrove, of ·virginia. serve Corps. George Ander on Kingr .fr.,. of the District of C~lumbia. · Evan Haynes, of' Califorma.. Second Lieut. Henry Patll Hollowell, Infantry Officers' Re.: Second Lieut. Jo eph Richard Busk, Infantry Officer. Re· ... erve Corps. serv-o orps. . 1918. CONGRESS! ON .AL ~ECORTI-SENi\.'JE:

·Second Lieut -A l.onzo . Lo~eland Johnston, Infantry Officers' Second Lieut. Madison Per_cy Jones, Artillery Officers' Reserve Re erYe Corps. Corp. ·-secone Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. James _Al()ysius l\1eCartby, Infantry Officers' Second .Lieut. W·alter B. Huff, Infantry Officers' Reserve· Corps. Reserve Corp . Second Lieut. 1\Ierle .J. Adams, Infantry Officers' ReRerve Second Lieut. Carl McKee Innis, Field Artil1ery Officers' Corps. Reserve Corps. · Second Lieut. Jefferson Aloysius Healy, Infantry Officers' Re- . Second Lieut. William Henry Allen, Infantry Officers' Re erve serve Corps. Corps. • .Second Lieut. Thomas Bennett Woodburn, Infantry Officers' econd Lieut. 'Villiam Ernest _Paschal, Infantry Officer-s' Re­ Reserve Corps. serve Oorps. · Second Lieut. Thomas Kenneth Johnson, Infantry Officers' Second Lieut. Fftxon H. Bishop, Field Artillery Officers' Re­ Reserve Corps. SeJ:Te Corps. Second Lieut. James William Payne, Infantry Officers' RP-­ Benjamin Witwer Pelton, of New York. · serve: Corps. Second Lieut. Jo ·eph William 1\IcKenna, Infantry Officers' Capt. Arthur Paulfrey Terry, Infantry Officers' Reserve Corps. ReRervc Corps. Second Lieut. WilHam B. Wit on, _Field Artillery Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. Lyman Hague '.rhompson, Infantry Officers' ;serve Corps. Re erve Corps. ·Second ~ieut. Stanley ·French Griswold, Infantry Officers' Second Lieut. Francis Aaron Cochrene, Infantry Officers' Re­ Reserve Corps. · seTv-e Carps. Second Lieut. John Thomas Dibrell, Infantry Officers' Rese1·ve eccnd Lieut. Thomas B!-'ounlee Long1·e, Infantry Officers' Re­ Corps. seTVe Corps. ·wilbur Thomas Hooven, jr., of ·New Jersey. , Second Lieut. Paul Leon Porter, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. Edmund Jones Lilly, jr., FieW Artil1ery Officers' Corps. ;Reserve Corps. . Second Lieut. Thomas Cherrington Vicars, Infantry Officers' Second Lieut. Stephen David Lankester, Infantr,y Offi~ers' Re erve Oorps. . Reserve. Cm~ps. _ Second Lieut. Losco Lafayette McDaniel, Infantry Officers' Oliver R. Hayes, of Massachusetts. Res,erYe Coq>s. Second Lieut. Daniel ;Hail Ripley, Infantry Officers' Reserve ·Second Lieut. Stanley Joseph Grogan, Field Artillery Officers' .corps. ReRen-e Corps. • Secon~ Lieut. Eugene Goldsmith Shrock, Infantry Officers'­ Sergt Henri Wolbrette, First Infantry "Machine Gun Com­ ·Reserve Corps. pany, :J..,ouisiana National· Guard. Cornelius Edward Ryan, of Massachusetts. Second Lieut. Robert Brice Waters, Infantry_Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. Raymond William Miller, Infantry Officers' Corps. :Reserve· Corps. Second Lieut._Ll _oyd Bidwell J_oJ,les, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second 'Lieut. Thomas Garlot Hannan, Infantry Officers' Corps. Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Stonewall _Jackson, Infantry Officers~ 'Reserve , Second -Lieut. 1Ienry Gottfritz Young, 1nfantry Officers' Re­ Corps. .serve Corps. Hamilton Fish 1\rmstrong,_of -New 'Jersey. Second Lieut. John Edwin Hull, Infantry Officers' lleser\e Corpl. Henry Carrington .Jordan, First Field Artillery, Vir- Corps. ginia Natienal .- Guard. Second Lieut. Charles Augustus .:Rawso~ Infarrtry Officers' Robert Elting Woodward, of the District.of Columbia. 'Reserve Corps. Geraltl Preshaw, of Kansas. 'James Franklin Corn of -Kentucky. William Kenyon Lloyd, of Arkansas. Second Lieut. Barkley Edward Lax, Infantry Office1~s' ' Re­ Second Li:eut. Harold -Quentin Moore, "Infantry Officers' 'Re­ serve Corps. serve Corps. Second Lieut. Earle Edward Horton, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Li-eut. Reuben Samuel 'Parker, jr., •Infantry Officers' .:serve Corps. Re erve Corps. · Second Li~ut. Carl l\1ark Rutan, Infantry Officers' Reserve .Second Lteut.·ward Rathbun:Clark, Infantry O:ffrcerS' lReserve Corps. Corps. · Second Lieut. Thomas Francis Bresnahan, Infantry. Officers' Second Lieut. Charles Davis Jencks, Infantry Officers' ReseLrve !Reserve Corps. Corps. .SecQnd LieuL ..John C~pbell Cleave, Inf ntry Officers'. Re- Second Lieut. -Warner ';Beardsley Gates, ..Infantry Office1·s' Re­ ·serve Corps. . serve Corps. Second Lieut. Koger Marion Still~ Infantry Officers' Reserve Francis Scott Fitzgerald, {)f J\finneSota. Corps. Second Lieut. .Max Albert Tuttle, Field Artillery Officers' .Re-. Second Lieut. Alexander Hamilton Garnjost, Infantry Officers' • serve Corps. ·Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. William Miller Bouknight, Field Artillery Dffi- . Second Lieut. Herbert F. Thomas, Field Artillery Officers' cers' Reserve · Corp . :Reserve Corps. • Farlow Burt, of Missouri. Sec.Ond Lieut. Do.nald Weldon arann, Infantry Officers' IRe- Warren Joseph Clear, of :Massachusetts. serve Corps. Second Lieut. Philip Henry Didriksen, Infantry Officers: ·ne-. Sa17:mel Joseph Arthur Kelley, of Massachusetts. serve Corps. Arthur Arnold Baker, of Kansas. Second Lieut. Oscar Joseph Neundorfer, jr., Infantry Officers' Joseph 'Nathan Arthur, of South Carolina. Reserve' Corps. Second ·Lieut. Gilman Kimball Crockett, ·Infantry Officers' Second Lieut. Westwood 'Bowden Hays, jr., Infantry Officers' IReserve Corp . Re erve Corps. · Second 'Lieut. Thomas Edison ~ Roderick, Infantry Officers" Second Lieut. Henry Atwater Van Dyke, Infantry Officers' Reserve Cprps. Re erve Corps. Second Lieut. Wallace :Alan Mead, Infantry Officers' tReservc Frederick ..Aloysius Norton, of Massachusetts. iOorps. · · Allen Williamson Talley, of New York. . .. . James Henry Howe, of 'Mi sissippi. Second Lieut. ·wellborn Saxon Priddy, Infantry Officers' 'Re- Second Lieut. James Sherman 1\Iedill, Infantry Officers' serve Corps. . , iReserve Corps. Second Lieut. 0. D. Wells, Infantry· Officers' Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. John Jurey Howard, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. Russell .Thurston Fry~ Infantr~ Officers' Reserve Corps. Corps. · .·Second 'Lieut. . James 'Kennedy Moorhead, Infantry Officers' 'Villiam Baker Norris, jr., of Missouri. rReserve Corps. Second Lieut. Leonard Myrton Gaines, Infantry Officers' 'Re­ Second Lieut. ...John Cleveland .Robin.<;on ·Hri.Jl, Infantry OlH­ serve Corps. .cers' Reserve Corps. 1640 ' CONGR~SSION.AL R.ECOl{D-SENATE.

Robert Artel Case, of Iowa. Second Lieut. George Luther ~lon·ow, Infantry Officer I nc­ . 'econd Lieut. Ray Winfield Harris, Infantry Officer ' Re erve erve Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. Robert "\"Veed Doye, Infantry Officers' Reser-r John Jame Lyon , of Nebraska. Corp. . \. Second Lieut. EliJert Wilson Lockwood, Infantry Officers' Second Lieut. William Cecil Rymer, Field Artillery Officer.' Reserve Corps. Reserve COI1JS. · · Second Lieut. Charle Fuller Frizzell, jr., Infantry Officers' Virgil Lourie Blnnding, of illinois. Resene Corp~ . George Franklin Ludington, of Maryland. S:econd Lieut. William Benjamin Oliver, jr., Field Artillery Henry Fletcher Martin, of Florida. Officers' Re. rve orp . Alan Grant Paine, of Washington. Second Li u t. Robinson Earl Duff, Infantry Officers' Re erve Irving Smith, jr., of New Jer ey. ~rp~ . Frederic Clayton Stile ·, of Illinoi . Secoml Lieut. Leon " 1ilcomb Hilliard, Infantry Officers' Re­ Eugene Raymond Vawter, of West Vir<.Yinia . . ·erve Corps. · Second Lieut. Cha.rlies Robert Woody, Infantry· OfficerE:i' H "'­ Second Lieut. David Jenkins Ewing, Infantry Officers' Re­ serve Corps. · .·ervc Corp. Second Lieut. Hugh Coy Courtl'igllt, Infantry Officer ' Reserve Seconll Li ut. Walter Colen Blalock, Infantry Officer ' Re­ Corp. ·ervc Corps. Second Lieut. Evan ~Iarslmll Sherrill, Infantry Officer ' ne­ Secoml Lieut. William _\..rthur Reid, Infantry Officers' Reserve .._.,erve Corps. Corp•. Wendell Tyng Smith, of Maine. . Second Lieut. Hamilton Johnston, Infantry Officers' Re erve Second Lieut. Jame ~ 'VyUe Arnold, Infantry Offioors' Reser~e C.orps. Corp. · · · Second Lieut. ~ymond Godfrey Lehman, Infantry Officers' Second Lieut. Bernard Franklin Hurle , Infantry Officer;·' Reserve Corp~. Re: erve Corp . . .. - Seconrl Lieut. Irvine Callander cudder, Infantry Officers' Second Lieut. Dor ey Gooch ~lyer s, Infantry Officers' ll.eserw Ueserve Corp . Corps. John Ru sell Deane, of California. SecoJ~H.l Lieut. Louis Jamc llablas, Infantry Officers' Reserve Richard Zeigler Crane, of Massachusetts. Corps. George William Smith, of Vermont. Second Lieut. George Winslow Wa hburu, Field Artillery Hilliard Vincent MacGowan, of New York. Officers' Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. George Smith Berry, jr., Infantry Officer. ' Re­ Second Lieut. Lynn Helm, jr., Field .Artillery Officers' Re~ . ·erve Corps. serve Corps. Second Lieut. Carl Harms·. Schroeder, Infantry Officers' Re­ James Archibald Edmond, of Texas. . erve Corps. Second Lieut. Raymond Mathias Beckman, Infantry Officer ·' Second Lieut. Guy Sidney William , Infantry Officers' Re­ Reserve Corps. ·erve Corps. Francis Robert Dunlop Holran, of New Jer ey. Second Lieut. William Claude Brigg , Infanh·y Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. Harold Tibbitts Gallager, Infantry Officer. ' . erve Corps. Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Chri topher Sutton Robinson, Infantry Officers' Second Lieut~ Allan Prescott Tappan, Infantry Officers' Re­ Re erve Corps. erve Corps. Second Lieut. William. Cadwalader Price, jr., Infantry Offi­ Second Lieut. Beverly Daniel Evans, jr., Infantry Officerrt' cers• Re erve Corp . Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Paul Samuel Beard, Infantry Officers' Re~erve Robert Frayser Wilson, of 1\-Ii ouri. Corps. Second Lieut. Milton Jarrett Norman, Infantry Officers' Ue­ erve Corps. . Norman B~mis Chandler, of Massachu ett ·. Richard Ogle Welch, of Maryland. Second Lieut. James Watson Porch, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. Richard Head Trippe, Infantry Officers' Re­ Corps. erve Corps. Second Lieut. John Henry Hilldring, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. Roswell .Herbert Bill. Infantry Officei':s' Re­ serve Corps. :erve Corps. Second Lieut. William Jennings Davis, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. Harry Arthur Robin ·on, Field Artillery Offi­ serve Corps. cers' Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Emory Adolphus Peek, Infantry Officers' He­ Seconr1 Lieut. Wright Helm Johnson, Infantry Officers' Re­ serve Corps. . erve Corps. Pvt. Edward .Adolph Vo seler, C.ompany B, Seventh Infantry, Second Lieut. George William Clover, Infantry Officers' Re­ New York National Guard. Second Lieut. William Donald McMillin, Infantry Officer. ' s~rve Corps. Second Lieut. F ncis Xavier Callahan, Field Artillery Offi­ Reserve Corps. cers' Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Arthur Breckinri<.lge Wade, Infantry Officers' Second Lieut. Percy Lee Manefee, Infantry Officers' Reserve Reserve Corps. • Corps. · Second Lieut. James Gideon Kyle, Infantry Officers' Re et·ve Second Lieut. Donald Bentley Doan, Infantry Officers' Re­ Corps. serve Corps. Second Lieut. John Hurst Rodman, Infanh·y Officers' Re ·en· Second "Lieut. Edwin Allan Smith, Iniantry Officers' Reserve Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. ·wnuam Dan Powell, Infantry Officers' Reserve Seeond Lieut. Han·ey Gwin Thomas, Infantry Officers' Re- Corps. erve Corps. Second Lieut. Hulsey Beall Cason, Field .-l.rtillery Office1 , • Edward Walter Moses, of :Missouri. Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Richard Grant, Infantry Officers' Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Samuel John Cole, Infantry Officers' Reserv Second Lieut. James Leftwich Harrison, Field Artillery Offi- Corps. cers' Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Louis Patrick Tiers, Infantry, Officers>-nescrv Second Lieut. Roy Shedrick Meek, Infantry Officers' Reserve Corps. ~ Corps. Second Lieut. · David _Lam. on Wood, j_r., Infantry Officer;~ • Second Lieut. Floyd C. Harding, Infantry Officers' Reserve Reserve Corps. , Uorps. George Giltner Bell, of Kansas. . Second Lieut. Rolfe Saunders Sample, Infantry Officers' Re- · Capt. Edward Thorp Lane, jr., Infantry Officers' Res n e erve Corp . Corps. · Second Lieut. Wesley Clayton Thompson, Infanh·y Officers' James Fairbank Smith, of Illinois. Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. William Chal'les Louisell, Infantry Officers' Re­ Charles Byron 1\:lcColley, of Iowa. serve Corps. Second Lieut. Robert Edward Kennington, Infantry Officers' Second Lieut. Herbert Benjamin Wilcox, Infantry Officer ' Reserve Corps. Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Percy Lee Sadler, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. Edward nussell 'Vhite, Infantry Officer ·• Re­ Corps. serve Corps. · 'l"' r'"ll) t'l(f'o' ''' ( l ,I .-/'• • ;J~ ll'!/ )I 19'18. CONGRESSIONAL ~CORD-SENATE.

First Lieut. Ha"'l'old Thompson Ammerman, Infantry Offi-cers' ~ Second-Lieut. Walter· Michael Eugene Sullivan, Infantry Offi­ Reserve Corps. cers' Re erve Corps. Second Lieut. Paul Harwood Plough, IB.:fantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. KameU Maertens, Infantry Officers' Reserve serve Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. Jes e Eckard 'Vhitt, 'Infantry Officers' Reserve Raymond John Considine, of Pennsylvania. Corps. Second Lieut. Allan James Kennedy, Infantry Officers' Re- Second Lieut. William EIDanueJi Goe, Infantry Officers" Re­ serve Corps. serve Corps. John Clark Cutrer, of Mississippi. Henry Seton, of New York. Clifton Rogers Gordon, of California. Second Lieut. 'Villiam Leonard Ritter, Infantry Officers'" Re­ Second Lieut. Martin Luther Howard, Infantry Officers' Re. serve Carps. serve Cor.ps. Second Lieut. Robert 'Vinchell Patterson, Infantry Officers' Second Lieut. Leo Joseph Farrell, Infantry Officers' Reserve Reserve Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. Marion Herman Cardwell, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. Bradford Seely Covell, Field Artillery Officers' serve Corps. Re mi"Ve Corps. Second Lieut. Charles Patterson Whiteman, Infantr~ Officers' Second Lieut. James Galt Elder, Infantry Officers' Reserve Reserve Corps. Co~ . Joseph Atherton Richards, of California. Second Lieut. Walter Shea ·wood, Infantry Officers'· Reserve Elli De Vern Willis, of Iowa. · Corps. Gerald Fessenden Beal, of Massachusetts. Second Lieut. Frank Owen Stephens, Infantry OfficerS' Re­ Second Li~ut. Charles Henry Sears, Infantry Officers' Reserve serve Corps. Corps. · Second Lieut. William Henry Quarterman, j.r., Field A.rtil· Second Lieut. Druid Emmet Wheeler, Infantry· Officers'· Re­ lery Officers' Reserve Corp serve Corps. Second Lieut. Benjamin Brandon Bain, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Li-eut. Charles Royall Lugton, Infantry. Officers~ Re­ serve Corps. serve Corps. Second Lieut. Ira Clarence Eaker, ln:fantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. Michael Johann Perret, Infantry Officers' Re­ Corps. serve Corps. Second Lieut. Tom Dunbar- Halliday, Infantty Officers' Re- Charles Herbert Eypper, of New Jersey. serve Corps. . Second Lieut. Stewart Elvin Reimel, Infantry Officers' Re- Second Lieut~ Paul Harrison Arthur, Infantry O:ffic.ers' Re. serve Corps. • serve Corps. Second Lieut. Douglas Power Newell, Infantry Officers' Re­ S.erond Lieut. . Stanton_LQuis Bertsctley, Infantry Officers' Re· serve· Corps. serve Corps. · Second Lieut. Kendall Jordan Fielder, Infantry Officers' Re­ Warren 1\Iiles Amerine, of Georgia. serve Corps. Second · Lieut. Romeyn Beek Hough,. jr., Infantl'y Oilice1·s' Second Lieut. Frederick Page Geyer, Infantry Officers' Re-­ Reserve. Corps. . • ser-ve Corps. Second Lieut. Henry Cowles Merritt, jr., Infanh·y Officers' Second Lieut. George Joseph Trimble, Iilfantry Officers' Re­ Reserve Corps. < serve Corps. Second Lieut. Cheney L. Bertholf, Infantry Ofli£ers' Reserve Second Lieut. William Curtis De Ware, Infantry Officers' Re-­ Corps. serve Corps. Second Lieut. Dudley Edwards Bell,. Infantry Office1·s' Re. S~cond Lieut. Hugh Donald Adair, Infantrf Officers' Reserve serve Corps. Corps. First Lieut. Clarence Bovaird Nixon, Infantry Officers' Re· William Ellery Loring, of Massachusetts. serve Corps. Second Lieut. Lester Clinton. Wing, Infantry Officers' Re­ Seeond Lieut. William C.arl Glru?S, Field .Artillery Officers' Re- serve Corps. serve Corps. Second Lieut. Joseph Rohbins Bibb, Infantry Officers' Reserve Sidney Clifford, of Rhode Island. Corps. Harry Lee Franklin, of Kentucky. Joseph C. Behan, jr., of New York. Isham Rowland Williams, of North Carolina. Benjamin Hilsdon Barthol-ow, of New York. Second Lieut. Edwin L. Collins, Infantry Officers' Reserve Irving :McNeil Ives, of New York. Corps. John Raeburn G.reen, of Missouri. . Second Lieut. John Bestor Meriweather, jr., Infantry Officers' Second Lieut. Reginald R. Bacon, Infantry Officers' Reserve Reserve Corps. . Corps. - Second Lieut. John Franck Dahringer, Infantry Officers' Re• . Second Lieut. James Danial Tucker, Infantry Officers' · Re­ s.erve Corps. · serve Corps. Second Lieut. Frank George Hinman, Infantry Office.r.s' Re· Second Lielit. Russell Conwell Snyder, Field Artillery Officers' serve Co.rps. . Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Robert Edward Lee Cook, jr., Infantry Officers' Second Lieut. David Broome Van Pelt, Infantry Offi.cexs' Re­ Reserve Corps. serve Corps. Second Lieut. Colbert Sullivan, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. Harry Ezra Pond, Infantry Officers' Reserve Corps. .Corps. S.econd Lieut. Grahame Molloy Bates, Infantry Officers' Re· Second Lieut. Harvey Allan Tonnesen, Infantry Officers' Re­ serve Corps. serve Corps. Second Lieut. Walter Rooke. Evans, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. Shuyler Bailey Marshall, j1~ .• Infantry Officers' Corps. · · }leserve Corps. . Second Lieut. Robert Q1,1ail Whitten, Infantry Officers' Re· S~cond Lieut. Neal.Tuttley Infantry Officers' Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. William Hubbell Emerson, Infantry Office1·s' serve Corps. · · Second Lieut. Edward Reese Roberts, Field Artillery Officers11 R.es~rve- Corps. · _ . _ Second Lieut. George Eddy Cook, Infantry Officers' ·Rese:rve Reserve Corps. Corps. , Second Lieut. Donald L. Bressler, Infantry Officers' Reserve: Second Lieut. George Chalmers McDermid, Infantry. Officers' Corps. Re erve Corps. · Second Lieut. Walter Ernst Lauer, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. George Washington Young, jr., Infantry Offi- Corps. £ers' Reserve Corps. . . Second Lieut. Albert Hugh Dumas, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. Pete Crisspell Black, Infantry Officers' Reser-ve Corps. Corps. _ - _ Second Lieut. Paul Shober Jones, I~fantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. Eugene Hill Mitchell; Infantry Officers•· Reserve Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. Paul Thompson Baker, Infantry Offieers' Re­ Second Lieut. Leslie Harrod Blank, Infantry Officers' Reserve serve Corps. Corps. · Louis Samuel Nast Phillipp, of Tennessee. First Lieut. Donald Stevens Grimm, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. Albert Woodbury Emmons, Inf3ntry Officers" Corps. -- Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Benton Lamar Boykin, Infantry Officers' Re­ 1 Second Lieut. Robert Porter Bell, Infantry Officers' Reserve serve Corps. Corps. 1642" CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. FEBRUARY 4,

. Second Lieut. Harold 'Villiam Keller, Infantry Officers' ~e­ Second Lieut. John Bethea St~·atford, Infanh·y Officers' Re- erve Corps. serve Corps. _ Second Lieut. Edwin William Piburn, Infantry Officers' Re­ . First Lieut. John Ralston Graham, Infantry Officers' Re. erve "erve Corns. Corps. Second -Lieut. James Clyde Williams, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. George Henry Gillin, Infantry Officers' Reserve erve Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. James Johnston McCutcheon, Infantry Officers' Second Lieut. James Larkin Dikes, Infantry Officers' Reser e Re erve Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. William Henry Clark, jr., Infantry Officers' Secon-d Lieut. Ben Curtis McComas, Infantry Officers' Reserve Reserve Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. Kenneth Stoddard Whittemore, Infantry Offi­ Second Lieut. Kenneth B. Gunn, Infantry Officers' Re8enc cers' Reserve Corps. Corps. . Second Lieut. .Albel·t Carl 1\Iaack, Field Artillery Officers• Second Lieut. Maurice Garver Stubbs, Infantry Officers' Re- Reserve Corps. serve Corps. Second Lieut. Addison Leaven, ·Martin, Infantry Officers' Pvt. Boniface Campbell, Battery F, Fifteenth Field Artiller ·. ReserYe Corps. Cyril Kelly Richards, of Missouri. Second Lieut. :Mack Morgan Lynch, Infantry Officers' Re- · Second Lieut. Arrhibald Andt·ew Fall, Infantry Officers' He­ serve Corps. serve Corps. Second Lieut. Henry Philip Folwell, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. Vernon William Aikins, Infantry Officers' lte· erve Corp . serve Corps. . Sergt. Robert PerTy Mahon, jr., Company K, First Infantry, Second Lieut. Frank Romaine Schucker, Infantry Officer-' Lomsiana National Guard. · Reserve Corps. Jud on Gordon 1\Iartell, of :Uas83S!hnsetts. Second Lieut. George Stewart Warren, Infantry Officers' Tie­ Second Lieut. Frank Hnber Partridge, Infantry Officers' Re­ serve Corps. serve Corps. Second Lieut. John Weeks Cunningham, Infantry Officers' Re­ Second ·Lieut. Franklin Knight Kennedy, jr., Infantry Offi- serve Corps. • cers' Reserve Corps. ' Second Lieut. Roland Sylvester Dingley, Infantry Officer.' · Second Lieut. George Claiborne Royall, jr., Field Artillery Reserve Corps. Officers' Re erve Corps. Second Lieut John Leo Davey, . Infantry Officers• Re erve ·Second Lieut. Herbert Crittenden Segur, Infantry Officers' Corps. . Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Sam Berto Hearn, Field ArtiJ..lery Officers' Re­ · Second Lieut. Lynwood Herbert Smith, Field Artillery serve Corps. . Officers' Re erve Corps. Second Lieut. William Goode WiLon, Infantry Officers' Re­ Leo 'Vivian Cowin, of Pennsylvania. serve Corps. David Pinckney Powers, of Virginia. Second Lieut. Harry Walker Farmer, Illfantry Officers' Re­ iecond Lieut. Stewart Alexander McHie, Infantry Officers' ser\e Corps. Re erve Corps. · Second Lieut. James Martin Belwood, Field Artillery Officers' Robb Steere MacKie, of New York. Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Derrill de San sure Trenholm, Infantry Offi- Second Lieut. James Patrick O'Reilly, Infantry Officers' Re­ cers' Reserve Corps. .. serve Corps. Second Lieut. John Stafford Marion Cromelin, Field Artillery Second Lieut. Henry 0 car Swincller, Ipfantry Officers' Re­ Officers' Reserve Corps. serve Corps. · Second Lieut. Walter Raymon Gartin, Quartermaster Sec­ Second Lieut. Delos Grosvenor Smith, Infantry Officers' Re­ jjon, Officers' Reserve Corps. serve Corps. · Second Lieut. Michael Edmond· Halloran, Field Artillery Second Lieut. Alfred Le lie Haig, Infantry Officers' Reser\ Officers' Re erve Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. Idwal Hubert Edwards, Infantry Officers' Re­ serve Corps. Second Lieut. Haskell Allison, Infantry Officers' Reser\e Second Lieut. Paul James Vevia, Field Artillery Officers' Corps. Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Fred Othello l\Iills, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. Ralph Burnham Gibson, Infantry Officers' Re- Corps. . serve Corps. · Second Lieut. Herman P. Quentin, Infanh·y Officers' Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Henri de La Chapc.lle, Infantry Officers' Re­ erve Corps. Second Lieut. George Downes Parnell, Infantry Officers' Rc. serve Corps. Second Lieut. James Barclay Smith, Infantry Officers' Re­ serve Corps. Second Lieut. Bruce Glenn Kirk, Infanh·y Officers' Re er\ Second Lleut. Kenneth Victor Elliott, Infantry Officers' Re­ Corp~. serve Corps. Second Lieut. William Dacre Hamilton, Infantry Officers' ne. Second Lieut. Martin Sims Read, Infantry Officers' Reserve serve Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. Davis Jones, Infanh·y Officers' Reserve Corps. Richardson Bronson, of Connecticut. Second Lieut. · Russell Skinner, Infantry Officers' Reserve Second Lieut. Paul Steele, Infantry Officers' Reserve Corps. Corps. Fred Thurston Marsh, of New Hampshire. Second Lieut. John Hager Randolph, Infantry Officers' Re- Second Lieut. Luther Nathaniel Johnson, Infantry Officers' serve Corps. · Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Bernard Amander Bingham, Infantry Officer • Second Lieut. Archibald Ralph Gordon, Infantry Officers' Reserve Corps. . Heserve Corps. Second Lieut. Burwell Alexander .Atkinson, Infantry Officers' Earle Rowe Spaulding, of Nebraska. Re ~erve Corps. Second Lieut. Stanley Augustus Ander on, Infantry Officers' Second Lieut. John A: hby Jones, Infantry· Officers' Re erve Re erve Corps. Corps. Second Lieut. Robert EI!1lllett Cummings, Infantry Officers' Second Lieut. Norris Adron 'Vimberley, Infantry Officers' Heserve Corps. Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Philip Gerald Carroll, In_fantry Officers' Re­ Second Lieut. Herbert Ralph Kerbow, Infantry Officers' Rc­ serve Corps. erve Corps. Second Lieut. Winter Davis Horton, Infantry Officers' Re­ . Second Lieut. Lloyd Leander Boughton, Infantry Officer ' ._erve Corps. Reserve Corps. · Second Lieut. Harry Fayette Schoonover, Infantry Officers' Stephen Edward Hurley, of Illinois. Ueserve Corps. Second Lieut. Marquis George Eaton, Infantry Officers! n. Second Lieut. Francis Letc.her Lafon, Infantry Officers' Re- ..erve Corps. · serve Corps. . Second · Lieut. Gerald 'Villiam Norman, Infantry Oflir.ers' Re· . Second Lieut. Louis Simmons Stickney, Infantry Officers' Re­ serve Corps. serve Corps. Robert Leonard Hooven, of New Jersey. Tarlton Fleming Par ons, of Virginia. Walton Alfred -Elliott, of Iowa. 1918. OONGRESSION AL RECORD-SENATE. 1643

Second Lieut. John Alexander Klein, Infantry Offi<;ers' Re­ CONFIRMATIONS. - serve Corps. Executi'L'e nominat·ions conjir.med by the Senate Februm·y q, 1918. Second Lieut. Arthur Harold Luse, Infanh·y Officers' ReserYe Corps. · APPOINTME TS ·m THE AnUY, Second Lieut. Clayton Seraska 'Vhitehead, Infantry Officers' GENERAL OFFICERS. Reserve Corps. Brig. Gen. Peyton C. March to be major general. Serond Lieut. William Arthur Swift, Infantry Officers' Re­ Brig. Gen. Edwin B. Babbitt to be brigadier general~ serve Corps. Secontl Lieut. John Edwin Grose, Infantry Officers' Resen·e CHAPLAIN. .Corps. Rev. Melvin Verne Oggel to be chaplain. Second Lieut. Robert Creighton Wright, Infantry Officers' MEDICAL CORPS. Re erve Corps. To be fit·st Ueitienants. Second Lieut. Kilburn Roby Brown, Infantry Officers' Re­ Charles August Stammel, jr. serve Corps. Second Lieut. Carl Bullitt Rauterberg, Infantry Officers' Re­ Albert Gordon Bower. Arthur Russell Porter, jr~ serve Corps. Virgil Heath Cornell. Second Lieut. Everett Latimer Rice, Infantry Officers' Re­ Everett Le Compte Cook. serve Corps. Ralph Leslie Cudlipp. Second Lieut. Lawrence A. Kurtz, Infantry Officers' Reserve James Brent Anderson. Corps. George Perry Ross. Second Lieut. Leland Thompson, Infantry Officers' Reserve Ebner Holmes Inmon. Corps. William Alger Shaw. Second Lieut. .Martin Stevenson Chester, Engineer Officers' Theo. ·wallace O'Brien. Reserve Corps. Second Lieut. Francis Marion Dudley, Infantry Officers' Re­ DENTAL CORPS. serve Corps. Second Lieut. Marcel Henry Mial, Field Artillery Officers' Re­ To be first lieutena-nts. serve Corps. John Godfrey Urban. Second Lieut. Clarence Allen Ludlum, jr., Infantry Officers' Carl Stevenson Emmert. Reserve Corps. William Henry Siefert. Second Lieut. William Connor Samford, Infantry Officers' Samuel J. Lewis. Re erve Corps. James Henry O'Reilly. Second Lieut. Harry Reichelderfer, Infantry Officers' Reserve Frederick Werner Miller. Corps. .James Alfred Curtis, jr. Second Lieut. Joseph Samuel Snyder, Infantry Officers' Re­ James Jay Weeks. serve Corps. John Nelson White. Second Lieut. Rufus Harold Milne, Infantry Officers' Reserve Homer Lash Sams. Corps. George Magnor Krough. Samuel Francis Cohn, of Nebraska. Wa~ne W. Woolley. Second Lieut. Alexander Russell Bolling, Infantry Officers' Edward Wallace Barr. Re erve Corps. - Fernando Emilio Rodriguez. Second Ueut. Duncan Thomas Boisseau, Infantry Officers' John Leigh Davis. Reserve Corps. Jo eph Henry Jaffer. John Thomas Lucey, jr., of New Jersey. . "Adolph August Meyer. · Second Lieut. James Leonard Garza, Infantry Officers' Re­ Howard Clayton Feyler. serve Corps. 'Villiam Ferdinand Scheumann. Second Lieut. Evan Jervis Morris, Infantry Officers' Reserve Alonzo Gooch McCue, jr. Corps. Campbell Hopson Glascock. Second Lieut. Walter Brighton Davis, Infantry Officers' Re­ Austin Freeman Roberts. serve Corps. William Frederic Wieck. Second Lieut. Robert Franeis Campbell, Infantry Officers' Re- - Thomas Herbert Veale. serve Corps. Lawrence Joseph Dunn. Second Lieut. John Dunbar Chambliss, Infanh·y Officers' Re­ Carl Reuben Oman. serve Corps. Leslie Albert Gould. Second Lieut. Lewis Charles Beebe, Coast Artillery Corps, Harold A very Curtis. Oregon National Guard. PROVISIONAL APPOINTMENTS I :r THE AllMY. John Augustus Rodgers, of Pennsylvania. Second Lieut. Sam Murray, Infantry Officers' Reserve Corps. CAVALRY ARM. Second Lieut. George Joseph Kilgor~ Infantry Officers' Re- Ralston Dean Livingston to be a second lieutenant. serve Corps. Second Lieut. Lewis Church Chamberlin, Infantry Officers' FIELD ARTILLERY ARM. Reserve Corps. Leon C. Swage~ to be second lieutenant. Second Lieut. Horace Deming Wilce, Infantry Officers' Re­ COAST ARTILLERY CORPS. serve Corps. Leon J. Walrath to be second lieutenant. To be second lieutenant with ·rank ft·om October 81, 1911. Harold Stacey Macomber to oe second lieutenant. Edward Hanson Connor, jr., of Kansas: PROVISIONAL APPOINTMENTS, BY TRANSFER, IN THE AllMY. To be second lieutenant ~oith rank from November 29, 1917. CAVALRY ARM. Thomas Newton Stark, of South Carolina. To be second lieutenants. Leonard Over. PORTO RICO REGIMENT OF INFANTRY. Carlton B. Rettig. To be second lieutenants ~oith rank from, October 2G, 1917. Samuel 0. Taylor. Edgardo Vazquez, jr., second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' JohnS. McCloy. Re erve Corps. Robert Driscoll. Virgil Norberto Cordero, second lieutenant, Infantry Officers' GeorgeS. Warren. Reserve Corps. · FIELD ARTILLERY ARi\I. Mario Cordero, second lieutenant, Infantl~y Officers' Reserve To be .second lieutenants. Corps. George Wesley Norrick. Timoteo Sapia, of Porto Rico. Lynn Helm, jr. Juan Luis Oliver, of Porto Rico. Fred P. Clark. Edwardo Andino Romanach, of Porto Rico. Frank Starr Pope. Guillermo Geddes Latlmer, of Porto -Rico. Alfred G. Ford. Rafael Pirazzi, of Porto Rico. Edward Reese Rober~. LVI--105 1644 OONGRESSION AL RECORD-SENATE. FEBRUARY 4,

COAST ARTILLERY. CORPS. Second Lieut. William 0. Atwater. • To be second lieutenants. Second Lieut. Henry E. Strout, jr. J Second Lieut. John A. Strang. Harry Lee Campbell. Second Lieut. George E. Robinson. I .. a wrence 'V. Fox, jr. Second Lieut. Frank C. Rogers. INFA ... TRY .A.RM.. Second Lieut. Philip N. Cristn.l. To be secon!l lieutenants. Second Lieut. Clifford H. Springer. Walter A. Stover. Second Lieut. Edwaru P ~ 1\Iorton. Second Lieut. Langley S. Homer. .James R. Lowry, jr. Second Lieut. George J. Nold. APPOINTMENTS L"q THE NATIONAL ARMY. MEDICAL CORPS. GENERAL OFFICERS. Maj. William H. Tefft to be lieutenant colonel. To be rnajor general8, ~1aj. IJewellyn P. Williamson to be lieutenant coloneL Brig. Gen. William C. Langfitt. ~"EMPORA.RY PROMOTIONS IN THE ARMY. Brig. Gen. John E. McMahon. Brig. Gen. 'Villiam G. Haan. JUDGE ADVOCATE -GENERAL'S DEPARTMENT. To be b1·igadie1· generals. To be Lie-utenant colonels. Maj. Dennis P. Quinlan. Col. John B. McDonald. Col. Edward A. Millar. Maj. Gouverneur V. Packe~·· Col. DeRosey C. Cabell. QUARTERMASTER COKPS. · Col. Thomas II. Rees. To be anlonels. Col. George W. Gatchell.' Lieut. CoL Alexander l\1. Davis. Col. P. D. Lochridge. Lieut. Cot Richmond MeA. ' schofield. Col. Nathaniel F. McClure. Lieut. CoL Robert S. Sm th. Col. Peter C. H

Lieut. Col. Edward J. Timberlake, Maj. Frank J. Miller. Lieut. Col. James M. Williams, Maj. Philip S. Golderman. Lieut. Col. Alston Hamilton. Maj. Charles L. Lanham. Lieut. Col. John C. Gilmore, jr. Maj. George F. Connolly. Lieut. Col. Joseph L. Knowlton. Maj. JohnS. Johnston. Lieut. Col. Joseph Wheeler, jr~ Maj. Joseph S. Hardin. I .. ieut. Col. Robert E. Callan. Maj. Louis E. Bennett. Lieut. Col. Edwin Landon. Maj. George L. Hicks, jr. Lieut. Col. Clarence H. McNeil. l\faj. Lynn E. Edwards. Lieut. Col. Joseph P. Tracy. l FIELD .ABTILLERY ABM. Lieut. Col. Percy 1.\i. Kessler. •\ To be colonels! Lieut. Col. Johnson Hagood . . Lieut. Col. John E. Stephens. - ~~· Lieut. Col. George T. Patterson. , Lieut. Col. Thomas E. Merrill,. Lieut. Col. Frank K. Fergusson. Lieut. Col. Fox Conner. Lieut. Col.· William E. Cole. j Lieut. Col. Henry W. Butner. \ Lieut. Col. Marcellus G. Spinks. · Lieut. CoL Henry L. Newbold. Lieut. Col. Jacob C. Johnson. ( Lieut. Col. Robert E. Wyllie. ; Lieut. Col. Ernest D. Scott. \ Lieut. Col. William Forse. : Lieut. Col. Lucius R. Holbrook. Lieut. Col. Malcolm Young. Lieut. Col. Harrison Hall; Lieut. Col. Laurence C. Brown. , Lieut. Col. Wright Smith. Lieut. Col. Harry L. Steele. Lieut. Col. Alfred A. Starbird. Lieut. CoL Thom-as F. Dwyer. Lieut. Col. Charles R. Lloyd. Lieut. Col. James B. Mitchell.. Lieut. Col. Oliver L. Spaulding, jr.,. Lieut. Col. Alfred S. Morgan. Lieut. Col. Conrad H. Lanza. Lieut. Col. Charles H. Hilton. 1 Lieut. Col. Lewis S. Ryan. Lieut. Col. Edward L. Glasgow Lieut. Col. Howard L. Landers. Lieut. Col. Percy Willis. Lieut. Col. William H. :Surt. Lieut. Col. Joseph B. Douglas. To be lieutenant colonels. Lieut. Col. John R. Procter. 1\Iaj. Lewis S. Ryan. Lieut. Col. John B. Christian. Maj. Howard L. Landers, Lieut. Col. Frederick W. Phisterer. 1\Iaj. William H. Burt. .. To be lieutenant colonels. Maj. Clarence N. Jones. Maj. Malcolm Young. 1\Iaj. Frederick B. Hennessy~ .' Maj. Laurence C. Brown. Maj. Laurin L. Lawson. J Maj. Harry L. Steele. 1\faj. Morris E. Locke. Maj. Thomas F. Dwyer. Maj. John W. Kilbreth. Maj. James B. Mitchell. Maj. James H. Bryson. . Maj. Alfred S. Morgan. Maj. Roger 0. Mason. Maj. Charles H. Hilton. Maj. William S. Browning~ ,; Maj. Edward L. Glasgow. 1\Iaj. Joseph F. Barnes. J Maj. Percy Willis. 1.\faj. William P. Ennis. Maj. William F. Stewart, jr. Maj. Dennis H. Currie. Maj. Joseph B. Douglas. Maj. Beverly F. Browne. Maj. Hudson T. Patten. Maj. Raymond S. Pratt. Maj. Edward Kimmell. Maj. Alden F. Brewster~ Maj. John R. Procter. Maj. Norton E. WJtod. Maj. Albert S. Fu~er. Maj. John B. Christian. Maj. William N. 1\Iichel. Maj. Frederick W. Phisterer. Maj. Ernest S. Wheeler. Maj. Robert H. C. Kelton. · Maj. Lesley J. McNair. Maj. Percy P. Bishop. Maj. Walter D. Smith. Maj. Henry J. Hatch. Maj. Creed F. Cox. Maj. William F. Rase. Maj. Leo P. Quinn. Maj. William R. Doores. Maj. Wa-lter H. Smitli. Maj. James F. Howell. Maj. Albert T. Bishop. \ Maj. Jesse C. Nicholls. Maj. Harold W. Huntley. · Maj. Henry W. Schull. Maj: 'Edwin De L. Smith. Maj. Clifton C. Carter. . l. Maj. Stanley D. Embick. ·a.~ To be majo'r8. Maj. William H. Monroe. ·~ Capt. Charles J. Ferris. Maj. Leonard T. Waldron. ·~ Capt. Walter D. Smith, Maj. Ernest A. Greenough. · Capt. Creed F. Cox. Maj. Alexander Greig, jr. Capt. Leo P. Quinn. Maj. James A. Ruggles. Capt. Walter H. Smith. \ Maj. Terence E. Murphy. Capt. John S. Hammond. } Maj. Harry W. Newton. Capt. Albert T. Bishop. } Maj. Allen D. Raymond. Capt. Harold W. Huntley" ~ Maj. James R. Pourie. Capt. Edwin De L. Smith.. ·, Maj . .John L. Hughes. · Capt. Ralph MeT. Pennell.:~\ 1\faj . .John w, 0. Abbott. Capt. Walter S. Sturgill, : 1\faj. Harry T. Matthews. Capt. Sherman Miles. Maj. Harry C. Barnes. Capt. Cortlandt Parker. Maj. Stephen H. Mould. Capt. Richard C. Burleson, Maj. Louis S. Chappelear. Capt. .Joseph R. Davis. 1\faj. Granville Sevier. Capt. John R. Starkey. 1\:Iaj. Robert F. Woods. Capt. Rene E. De R. Hoyle.. Maj. Albert 0. Thompson. Capt. Dawson Olmstead. Maj. Ellison L. Gilmer. Capt. John C. Maul. Maj. John McBride, jr. Capt. Albert L. Hall. Maj. Richard K. Cravens. Capt. George H. Paine. Maj. George 0. Hubbard. Capt. Leroy P. Collins. 1\.Iaj. James 1.\l. Wheeler. Capt. Ballard Lyerly. · 1.\iaj. Harrison S. Kerrick. Capt. Robert H. Lewis, 1646 ·OONGR"ESSI{)N:AL REOOR J-SE.rT 'TE. FEBRUARY 4,.

Capt. Phillip W. Booker. r Lieut. Col. Herman A. Sie'Vert. Capt. Fred T. Cruse. Lieut. Col. Pierce A. Murphy. Capt. James P. Marley. Lieut. Col. Frederick T. Arnolu. Capt. Waldo C. Potter. Capt. John W. Downer. To be Ueu.tenan:t aoloncls. Capt. Benjamin l\1. Bailey. Maj. .Alexander l\1. Miller. Capt. William F. Sharp. Maj. Charles B. Drake. Capt. Frank Thorp, jr. Maj. Harry 0. Williard. Capt. E. R. Warner McCabe.. Maj. John P. Wade. Capt. Donald C. McDanald. Maj. Ola W. Bell. Capt. John G. Tyndall. Maj. Abraham G. Lott. Capt. Otto L. Brunzell. Maj. Samuel F. Dallam. Capt. Clifford L. Corbin. Maj. William Kelly, jr. Capt. Pierre V. Kieffer. Maj. Henry C. Whitehead. Capt. Charles T. Harris, jr. Maj. William D. Chitty. Capt. Maxwell Murray. Maj. Alfred E. Kennington. Capt. Alfred L. P. Sands. Maj. Edward P. Orton. Capt. Henry H. Pfeil. Maj. Robert B. Powers. Capt. Charles P. George. Maj. Francis H. Pope. Capt. Charles W. Harlow. Maj. Herman B. Sievert. Capt. William H. Rucker. Maj. George E. Mitchell. Capt. William H. Shepherd. Maj. Pierce A. Murphy. . Capt. l\Iar hall G. Randol. Maj. Frederick T. Arnold. Capt. John N. Greely. Maj. James N. Mumo. Capt. \Vebster A. Capron. Maj. William S. Valentine. Capt. John E. l\Iort. Maj. Henry C. Smither. Capt. James H. Burns. Maj. Roy B. Harper. Capt. Everett S. Hughes. Maj. Thomas A. Roberts. Capt. Thomas J.

Maj. George W. Winterburn. Capt. William A. Austin. Maj. Lewis ·Foerster. Capt. Consuelo A. Seoane. Maj. William P. Moffet. Capt. Emory S. West. Maj. Archibald F. Commiskey~ Capt. Eben Swift, jr. Maj. William A. Cornell. Capt. Albert E. Phillips. Maj. George J. Oden. Capt. John Alden Degen. Maj. James E. Shelley. Capt. George F. Bailey. Maj. Edward Calvert. Capt. Clarence C. Culver. Maj. Edmund S. Sayer. Capt. Benjamin 0. Davis.. Maj. Bruce Palmer. Capt. Edward C. \Veils. Maj. James E. Fechet. Capt. Harry B. Jordan. Maj. Philip W. Corbusier. Capt. Frank P. Lahm. Maj. Frederick l\1. Jones. Capt. Kerr T. Riggs. l\laj. John A. Wagner. Capt. John A. Pearson. Maj. Archie Miller. Capt. William G. Meade. Maj. William S. Wells. Capt. Guy Kent. Maj. William H. Clopton, jr. Capt. Frederick Mears. Maj. Robert l\1. Nolan. Capt. Alden l\1. Graham. Maj. ·william 0. Reed. Capt. Eugene J. Ely. \ Maj. Henry Gibbins. Capt. C. Emery Hathaway41 J Maj. Charles 0. Thomas, jr. Capt. Arthm· G. Fisher. Maj. Edmond R. Tompkins. Capt. Matt C. Bristol. Maj. Arthur Poillon. Capt. Horace N. Munro. Maj. George A. Purington. Capt. Seth W. Cook. Maj. George W. Biegler. Capt. David L. Roscoe. Maj. Francis W. Glover. Capt. Herbert E. Mann. Maj. I,aurence S. Carson. Capt. Henry T. Bull. Maj. Timothy M. Coughlan~ Capt. Frank E. Davis. Maj. Alexander B. Coxe. Capt. John C. Pegram. , Maj. James Huston. Capt. Henry E. Mitchell, \ To be majOT11. Capt. William H. Cowles. · Capt. Charles F. Martin. Capt. John K. Herr. Capt. Willis V. Morris. Capt. Philip H. Sheridan. Capt. Walter S. Grant. Capt. Joseph F. Taulbee. Capt. Charles M. \Vesson. Capt. Andrew W. Smith. Capt. Morton C. Mumma. Capt. William W. Edwards., Capt. Frank P. Amos. Capt. John A. Barry. Capt. Julian A. Benjamin. Capt. William W. Gordon. Capt. James Goethe. Capt. Harold B. Johnson. Capt. Varien D. Dixon. Capt. James P. Castleman. Capt. Verne La S. Rockwell. Capt. Albert H. Mueller. Capt. George B. Comly. Capt. Allan F. McLean. Capt. Charles G: Harvey. Capt. Herman S. Dilworth. Capt. Richard M. Thomas. Capt. Frank B. Kobes. Capt. George B. Rodney. Capt. John V. Spring, jr~ Capt. Alexander H. Davidson. Capt. Norman H. Davis. Capt. Christian A. Bach. Capt. Cha.rles Telford. Capt. David H. Biddle. Capt. Olan C. Aleshire. Capt. William F. H. Godson. Capt. Emil P. Laurson. Capt. George W. Winterburn. Capt. Frederick E. Shnyder. Capt. Lewis Foerster. ,· Capt. Thomas F. Van Natta, jr,. Capt. William P. Moffet. Capt. James A. 1\:Iars. Capt. Archibald F. Commiskey. Capt. John C. Montgomery. Capt. William A. Cornell. "Capt. Dorsey R. Rodney. Capt. George J. Oden. Capt. Alexander M. Milton~ Capt. James E. Shelley. Capt. Carl Boyd. Capt. Edward Galvert. Capt. Stephen W. Winfree. Capt. Edmund S. Sayer. Capt. George E. Nelson. Capt. Bruce Palmer. Capt. Thomas L. Sherburne., Capt. James E. Fechet. Capt. Emil Engel. Capt. Philip \V. Corbusier. Capt. Emmet Addis. Capt. Frederick N. Jones. Capt. Harry L. King. Capt. John A. \Vagner. Capt. Arthur G. Hixson. Capt. Archie Miller. Capt. Walton Goodwin, jr. Capt. William S. Wells. Capt. David H. Scott. Capt. ·william H. Clopton, jr. Capt. Robert C. Richardson. Capt. Robert M. Nolan. Capt. Robert M. Campbell. Capt. William 0. Reed. Capt. George B. Hunter. Capt. Henry Gibbins. Capt. Stanley Koch. Capt. Charles 0. Thomas, jr. Capt. Stephen 0. Reynolds. Capt. Edmond R. Tompkins. Capt. William V. Carter. Capt. Arthur Poillon. Capt. Henry 0. Pratt. Capt. George A. Purington. Capt. Charles B. Amory, jr. Capt. George W. Biegler. Capt. Kinzie B. Edmunds. Capt. Francis W. Glover. Capt. Charles S. Hoyt. Capt. Lawrence S. Carson. Capt. James J. O'Hara. Capt. Alexander B. Coxe. . Capt. Roy W. Holderness. Capt. Timothy M. Coughlan. Capt. James S. Greene. Capt. James Huston. Capt. Gerald C. Brant. Capt. Leonard L. Deitrick. Capt. George C. Lawrason. Capt. Richard B. Going. Capt. Arthur H. Wilson. Capt. Hamilton Bowie. Capt. William 0. F. Nicholson. Capt. Frederick J. Herman. Capt. George Dillman. Capt. Ben Lear, jr. Capt. Philip J. R. Kiehl. Capt. George P. Tyner~ Capt. Charles L. Scott. 1648 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. FEBRUARY 4,

Capt. James H. Dickey. - Lieut. Col. John W. HeaYey. Capt. Ralph Talbot, jr. Lieut. Col. Harry J. Hirsch. Capt. Wllliam N. Hensley, jr~ Lieut. Col. La Roy S. Upton. Capt. Berkeley T. Merchant. J Lieut. Col. Harry A. Smith. Capt. Hugh H. Broadhurst. Lieut. Col. George C. Saffarrans. Capt. Arthur \V. Holderness. Lieut. Col. Palmer E. Pierce. Capt. Louis A. O'Donnell. Lieut. Col. Charles G. French. Capt. William ,V. West, jr. Lieut. Col. Lutz Wahl. Capt. Reynold F. 1\!igdalski. Lieut. Col. William P. Jaekson.­ Capt. Henry R. S.malley. Lieut. Col. John L. Hines. ·. Capt. Robert Blaine. Lieut. Col. Matthias Crowley. ·' Capt. Frederick T. Dickman. Lieut. Col. John J. Bradley. ' Capt. G~orge 'V. De Armond.. Lieut. Col. Douglas Settle. -~ Capt. John G. Quekemeyer. j Lieut. Col. JohnS. Switzer. Capt. Frank 1\I. Andrews. ( Lieut. Col. Herbert 0. Williams. Capt. Joseph C. King. 1 Lieut. Col. George D. Guyer. - Capt. George L. Converse, jr. Lieut. Col. William F. Grote~ Capt. Donald A. Robinson. . Lieut. Col. Isaac C. Jenks. Capt. Bruce L. Burch. ..-' Lieut. Col. Hanson E. Ely. ~ Capt. Edgar 1\I. Whiting. Lieut. Col. Lewis S. Sorley. ....,_ Capt. Edward G. Elliott. · Lieut. Col. William M. Morrow. - ·..: Capt. Guy H. Wym~ t Lieut. CoL Benjamin F. Hardaway.= Capt. Verne R. Bell. i Lieut. Col. Albert C. Dalt(}n. 1 Capt. Henry W. Baird. Lieut. Ool. Joseph C. Castner. . : Capt. Alexander H. Jones. . Lieut. Col. Edward Sigerfoos. Capt. Charles L. Stevenson.. · Lieut. Col. Ralph H. Van Deman.. , Capt. Frank K. Chapin. Lieut. Col. John F. Madden. ·· Capt. Henry L. 'Vat on. Lieut. Col. John MeA. Palmer. :· Capt. Murray B. Rush. Lieut. Col. Paul B. 1\falone. J Capt. Augustine M. Robins. Lieut. Col. William F. Creary, ; Capt. William D. Geary. Lieut. Col. Harry F. Rethers. ~ Capt. Clark P. Chandler. I Lieut. Col. Herschel Tupes. '-· Capt. Richard H. KimbalL Lieut. Col. George H. Shelton. · ~ Capt. Abbott Boone. Lieut. Col. Isaac Newell. - Capt. William L. Moose. Lieut. Col. Lawrence B. Simonds,. l: Capt. Frederick S. Snyder·. i Lieut. Col. Frederick W. Lewis. ·? Capt. William C. Christy. Lieut. Col. Dennis E. Nolan. t Capt. Sloan Doak. Lieut. Col. James N. Pickering. ~ Capt. Leland ·wadsworth, jr"' Lieut. Col. William A. Burnside.. Capt. Seth W. Scofield. Ll~ut. Ool. Reynolds J. Burt. , Capt. 'Villiam C. McChord. Lieut. Col. Russell C. Langdon. i Capt. William R. Henry. Lieut. Col. Harry H. Tebbetts. Capt. George F. Patten. Lieut. Col. Frank C. Bolles. Capt. Robert M. Cheney~ Lieut. Col. James W. ·Clinton. Capt. Lawrence W. Mclntosh.­ Lieut. Col. Alexander T. Ovenshine,' - Capt. Richard E. Cummins. Lieut. Col. Henry E. Eames. Capt. Alexander L. James, jr._ Lieut. Col. Carroll F. Armistead.. Capt. Robert C. Rodgers. Capt. Philip Gordon. To be lieutenant colonels, · Capt. Horace ll. Hickam. Maj. James A. Moss. Capt. Homer M. Groninger. ?rfaj. Benjamin T. Simmons~ Capt. Stewart 0. Elting. Maj. Thomas A. Pearce. .­ Capt. John K. Brown. Maj. William F. Creary. ! Capt. Richard D. Newman. Maj. Harry F. Rethers. : Capt. William H. Garrison, jr. Maj. Herschel Tupes. Capt. Sumnet· M. Williams. Maj. George H. Shelton. Capt. Henry W. Hall. Maj. Laac Newell. Capt. Edwin V. Sumner. ' Maj. Lawrence B. Simonds, .. Capt. Arthur E. Wilbourn. Maj. Frederick W. Lewis. i Capt. Ernest G. Cullum. Maj. Dennis E. Nolan. : Capt. William W. Erwin. Maj. James N. Pickering. lNFA.NTBY. Maj. William A. Burnside~ j Maj. Reynolds J. Burt. · To be colonels. Maj. Russell 0. Langdon. Lieut. CoL Robert C. Williams. Maj. Harry H. Tebbetts. Lieut. Col. Robert Alexander. Maj. Frank C. Bolles. Lieut. Col. William 0. Johnson. Maj. James W. Clinton. Lieut. Col. James R. Lindsay. : Maj. Alexander T. Ovenshine• Lieut. Col. Fred W. Sladen. ' Maj. Henry E. Ealil't!S. Lieut. Col. Henry T. Ferguson. Maj. Carroll F. Armistead~ Lieut. Col. Henry G. Learnard. Maj. Paul Giddings. Lieut. Col. Peter Murray. Maj. Edward S. Walton. Lieut. Col. Paul A. Wolf. Maj. Alfred T. Smith. Lieut. Ool. George D. Moore. Maj. Fred L. Munson. Lieut. Col. Willis Uline. Maj. Thomas M. Ander on, jt•_. Lieut. Col. Charles C. Clark. Maj. John E. Hunt. Lieut. Col. Vernon A. Caldwell~ Maj. Claude H. 1\Iiller. Lieut. Col. Edmund L. Butts. Maj. Harold B. Fiske. Lieut. Col. Henry J. Hunt. Maj. John H. Hughes. Lieut. Col. Charles Miller. Maj. George W. Helms. Lieut. Col. Truman 0. :Murphy,. Maj. Ruf-us E. Longan. Lieut. Col. William H. Bertsch. Maj. Edward A. Roche. Lieut. Col. ·Ross L. Bush. · · Maj. Henry M. Dichmann. Maj. Halstead Dorey. Lieut. Col. John B. Bennet. .: . Lieut. Col. Melville S. Jarvis. Maj. Edgar T. Conley. CONGRESSIONA-L RE.CORD-SENATE. .

Maj. Charles H. Bridges. 1\Iaj. James M. Loud. Maj. John Robertson. Maj. J. De Camp Hall. Maj. James V. Heidt. Maj. Davis C. Anderson. 1\laj. Patrick H. l\fullay. Maj .. Robert D. Carter. Maj. Monroe C. Kerth. Maj. Douglas Potts. Maj. Lambert ,V. Jordan, jr.. Maj. Vincent 1\f. Elmore. Maj. Harvey ,V. Miller. Maj. Benjamin R. Wade. Maj. Daniel G. Berry. Maj. George E. Goodrich. Maj. Ralph E. Ingram. Maj. Edwin S. Hartshorn. Maj. Robert C. Davis. Maj. Clark R. Elliott. Maj. Joseph F. Janda. Maj. Ralph :B. Lister. Maj. Alvan C. Read. Maj. Harry E. Comstock. Maj. William A. Phillips. Maj. ·william R. Standiford, Maj. Ira C. Welborn. Maj. FrederickS. Young. Maj. Alexander E. Williams. Maj. Thomas S. Moorman. Maj. Chal'les W. Exton. 1\laj. Charles H. Morrow. 1\laj. Edgar Ridenour. 1\Iaj: Brady G. Ruttencutter11 Maj. Chauncey B. Humphrey. Maj. Jennings B. 'Vilson. 1\laj. G. Maury Oralie. Maj. \Villiam 0. Smith. Maj. Joseph ]'. Gohn. Maj. Clarence K. La~lotte. Maj. James H. Bradfoi.·d, jr. Maj. George 1\I. Holley. Maj. !;>avid L. Stone. Maj. Edgar S. Stayer. Maj. Patrick A. Connolly. 1\faj. Charles H. Errington. Maj. John B. Schoeffel. l\Iaj. George C. Shaw. Maj. Walter T. Bates. - 1\Iaj. Charles E. Reese. Maj. Englebert G. Ovenshine; 1\Iaj. Robert S. Knox. Maj. Robert J. Maxey. l\Iaj. 'Villimn A. Castle. Maj. George N. Bomford. 1\faj. Harry D. Blasland. Maj. Benjamin P. Nicklin. l\Iaj. Edward H. Andres. Maj. John W. French. Maj. Thomas J. Rogers. Maj. Cromwell Stacey. Maj. Campbell King. To be major8. Maj. Robert 0. Van Horn. Capt. Paul W. Beck. Maj. Hanson B. Black. · Capt. Robert I. Rees. Maj. Joseph L. Gilbreth.. Capt. John J. Miller. Maj. Irving J. Carr. Capt. Jesse M. Cullison. Maj. Theodore A. Baldwin. Capt. William H. Noble. Maj. Eleutheros H. Cooke. Capt. Wilbur A. McDaniel. Maj. Arthur L. Conger. Capt. Evert R. Wilson. Maj. Hugh A. Drum. Capt. Philip Powers. Maj. James B. Allison. Capt. Clenard McLaughlin. Maj. Halsey E. Yates. Capt. Edward B. Mitchell. Maj. Wilson B. Burtt. Capt. James H. Como. Maj. Oliver S. Eskridge. Capt. Harol D. Coburn. Maj ..James W. Furlow. Capt. Allen J'. Greer. Maj. George D. Freeman, jr. Capt. Robert Whitfield. Maj. Harry A. Hegeman. Capt. Abraham U. Loeb. Maj. 'Villiam B. Gracie. Capt. Constant Cordier. Maj. John L. Jordan. Capt. James l\1. Loud. Maj. Lindsey P. Rucker. Capt. J. DeCamp Hall. Maj. 'Villiam G. Fleischbaucr. Capt. Davis 0. Anderson. '-- Maj. Samuel A. Price. Capt. Robert D. Carter. Maj. Perrin L. Smith. Capt. Douglas Potts. Maj. Charles L. Willard. Capt. Vincent M. Elmore. Maj. Rufus B. Clark. Capt. Benjamin R. Wade. Maj. 'Villiam A. Carleton. Capt. George E. Goodrich. Maj. Lochlin W. Caffey. Capt. Edwin S. Hartshorn. Maj. William S. Faulkner. Capt. Clark R. Elliott. Maj. Ernest H. Agnew. Capt. Ralph B. Lister. Maj. Robert 0. Ragsdale. Capt. Harry E. Comstoc}r. Maj. Austin A. Parker. Capt. William R. Standiford. Maj. Charles 1\f. Gordon, jr. Capt. FrederickS. Young. Maj. Fred Van S. Chamberlain. Capt. Thomas S. Moorman. Maj. William N. Hughes, jr. Capt. Charles H. 1\.Iorrow. Maj. Srlvester Bonnaffon, 3<1. Capt. Brady G. Ruttencutter. Maj. Robert C. Humber. Capt. Jeru1ings B. Wilson. Maj. ioseph C. Brady. Capt. 'Villiam 0. Smith. Maj. John H. Page, jr. Capt. Clarence K. La l\Iotte: Maj. Parker Hitt. Capt. George 1\1. Holley. Maj. Paul W. Beck. Capt. Edgar S. Stayer. Maj. Robert I. Rees. Ca11t. Charles H. Errington. Maj. John J. Miller. Capt. George C. Shaw. Maj. Jesse M. Cullison. Capt. Charles E. Reese. Maj. William H. Noble. Capt. Robert S. Knox. Maj. Wilbur A. McDaniel. Capt. William A. Castle. Maj. Evert It. Wilson. Capt. Harry D. Blasland. Maj. Philip Powers. Capt. Edward H. Andres. Maj. Clenard McLaughlin. Capt. Thomas J. Rogers. Maj. Edward B. Mitchell. Capt. Edwin J. Bracken. Maj. James H. Como. Capt. George ,V. England. Maj. Harol D. Coburn. Capt. Clyde B. Parker. Maj. Allen J. Greer. Capt. Alvin c: Voris. Maj. Robert Whitfield. Capt. Frank R. Curtis. Maj. Abraham U. Loeb. Capt. Fred L. Davidson. Maj. Constant Cordier. Capt. George E. Kumpe. 1650 CON GRESSION AT.~ ._ RJllQOltP~SEN ATE. · FEBRUARY 4,

Capt. Milo C. Corey. Capt. William E. Person ·• Capt. Arthur M. Ferguson. Capt. James G. Taylor. Capt. De 'Vitt \V. Chamberlin.. Capt. B. Clay 1\:f. Supplee, Capt. 'Valter H. Johnson. Capt. Alex M. Hall. Cavt. Robert G. Rutherford, jr. Capt. Elliot M. Caziarc. Capt. Robert E. Grinstead. Oapt. Carl C. Jones. Capt. Albert S. Williams. Capt. Alfred J. Booth. Capt. William B. Graham. Capt. Joseph A. l\farmon. Capt. Charles J. Nelson. Capt. Rinaldo R. Wood. Capt. E. Alexis J eunet. Capt. Leonard H. Cook. Capt. Charles H. Danforth. Capt. Horatio I. Lawrence. Capt. Gideon H. Williams. Capt. William B. Wallace. Capt. Fred W. Bugbee. · Capt. Shepard L. Pike. Capt. Leonard '1.\ Baker. Capt. Henry G. Stahl. Capt. Charles S. Frank. Capt. Roy C. Kirtland. Capt. Franklin S. Leisenring. Capt. Alfred C. Arnold. Capt. Charles F. Andrews. Capt. Vernon W. Boller. Capt. Allan L. Briggs. Capt. Wallace McNamara4 0.'lpt. James M. Petty. Capt. David A. Henkes. . Capt. John B. Shuman. Capt. Guy A. Bucker. apt. Charles G. Lawrence., Capt. Robert G. Peck. Capt. Frederic G. Kellond. Capt. Robert J. Binrord. apt. William P. Kitts. Capt. Sheldon W. Anding. Capt. Walter Harvey. Capt. ·william G. Murchison. Cnpt. Frank B. Davis. Capt. Elvin H. Wagner. Capt. Harry D. Mitchell. Capt. Thomas W. Brown. Oapt. Ode C. Nichols. Capt. Otis R. Cole. Capt Kirwin T. Smith. Capt. Shelby C. Leasure. Capt. William W. Bessell. Capt. Charles F. Herr. Capt. Frank C. Burnett. Capt. Fred B. Turner. Capt. Collin H. Ball. Capt. Edwin 0. Saunders. Capt. A. Owen Seaman. . Capt. Arthur L. Bump. Capt. Clifford U. Leonori. Capt. Willis E. Mills. Capt. Benjamin H. Pope. Capt. Harry W. Gregg. Capt. Julian L. Dodge. Capt. Staley A. Campbell. Capt. Berman Glade. Capt. John R. Brewer. Capt. Frank S. Bowen. Capt. Leo A. Dewey. Capt. Robert B. Peck. Capt. John P. McAdams. Capt. Ward Dabney. Capt. Thomas T. Duke. Capt. William W. Taylor, jr, Capt. Edward G. McCleave~ Capt. Russell C. Band. Capt. Hugh A. Parker. Capt. George A. Herbst. Capt. James E. Ware. Capt. Philip J. Lauber. Capt. Kenneth P. Williams. Capt. Thomas M. Bunter. Capt. William A. Alfonte. ·Capt. Elverton E. Fuller. 1 Capt. Charles E. Swartz. Capt. William S. Neely. Capt. Benjamin D. Foulois. Capt. Frank H. Adams. Capt. Goodwin Com:uton. Capt. George C. Lewis. Capt. Launcelot M. PurcelL Capt. William H. Patterson. Capt. Charles T. Smart. Capt. Leonard J. Mygatt. Capt. Girard L. McEntee. Capt. Elliott M. Norton. Capt. John Scott. Capt. Roscoe B. Hearn. Capt. George C. Marshall, jr. Capt. Morris M. Keck. Capt. John C. Waterman. Capt. Auswell E. Deitsch. Capt. Alfred A. Hickox. Capt. Joseph C. Kay. Capt. John E. Green. Capt. Walter C. Jones. Capt. Jason M. Walling. Capt. LaVergne L. Gregg. Capt. Robert L. Weeks. Capt. Bertram P. Johnson• • Capt. Charles A. Bunt. Capt. Bruno T. Seber. Capt. Barry S. Adams. Capt. Gustave A. Wieser. Capt. Gilbert H. Stewar~ Capt. Charles R. W. Morison. Capt. Frederick F. Black. Capt. Walter L. Reed. Capt. David H. Bower. Capt. Ira F. Fravel. Capt. Hiram l\1. Cooper. Capt. Ned M. Green. Capt. Benjamin F. Miller. Capt. J. Alfred Moss. Capt. Charles M. Blackford., Capt. Charles F. Leonarq. Capt. Walter 0. Boswell. Capt. Franklin P. Jackson. Capt. Deshler Whiting. Capt. John S. Chambers. Capt. Gulielip.us V. Heidt. Capt. James Regan. Capt. Emory S. Adams. Capt. Gilbert M. Allen. Capt. Ralph W. Drury. Capt. John Randolph. Capt. John C. Fairfax. Capt. Clyde B. Crusan. Capt. Fred C. Miller. Capt. Sherman A. White. Capt. Charles L. Mitchell. Capt. William B. Clendenin. Capt. Robert J. West. Capt. John M. Craig. Capt. Odiorne B. Sampson. Capt. William G. BalL Onpt. Albert Hardman. apt. Charles Abel. Capt. William E. Holliday. Capt. Walter E. Gunster. Capt. Jesse M. Holmes. Capt~ William n. Kendrick. Capt. Maynard A. Wells. Capt. Horace F. Sykes. Capt. Bans 0._ Olson. Capt. Oliver P. Robinson. Capt. Charles A. Thuis. Capt. George K. Wilson. Oapt. Claremont A. Donald on, Oapt. Gerrit Van S. Quackenbm;h. Oapt. Franklin T. Burt. Capt., Sydney B. Hopson. Cavt. Rutherford S. Hartz. Cnpt. 'Villium B. Gillmore. Capt. Charles S. Hamilton. ·. 1918. CONGRE~IONAL -RECORD--·. ·sENATE.

Capt. Oscar K. Tolley. Capt. Charles A. 1\Ieals. Capt. Joseph F. Ware. Capt. Matthew H. Thomlinson. Capt. Harry L. Jordan.. Capt. Joseph A. Atkins. Capt. Dean Halford. Capt. Augustus B. Van Wormer. · Capt. Ralph W. Kingman. Capt. Thomas L. Crystal. Capt. Donald D. Hay. Capt. Arthur C. Budd. Capt. Philip G. Wrightson. Capt. Ralph R. Glass. Capt. George W. Ewell. Capt. Erie M:. Wilson. Capt. Qlaire R. Bennett. Capt. Merrill E. Spalding. Capt. Bowers Davis. Capt. John D. Burnett. Capt. John l\fcE. Pruyn. Capt. John S. Davis. Capt. llenry W. Fleet. Capt. Robert B. Hewitt. Capt.· Charles G. Sturtevant. Capt. William F. D. Simpson. Capt. Francis H. Burr. Capt. Richard R. Pickeiing. Capt. John C. Ashburn. Capt. Lowe A. McClure. Capt. Charles H. Mason. , Capt. William R. Scott. Capt. Nicholas W. Campanoli. Capt. William W. Harris, jr~ ' Capt. John G. Macomb. Capt. Napoleon W. Riley. ·, Capt. L. Worthington Moseley. Capt. James B. Woolnough. Capt. Joseph 0. Mauborgne. Capt. Walter S. Fulton. Capt. Joseph M. Cummins. Capt. Sherburne Whipple. ., Capt. Thomas C. Musgrave.. Capt. Harry Hawley. I Capt. Converse R. Lewis. Capt. Thomas N. Gimperling. Capt. Robert M. Lyon. Capt. Hugh L. Walthall. Capt. Benjamin E. Grey. Capt. John B. Richardson. Capt. Elvid Hunt. Capt. Anton C. Cron. Capt. Jacob W. S. 'Vuest. Capt. George W. Edgerly. • Capt. Max B. Garber. Capt. Oscar W. Hoop. . · Capt. Corbit S. Hoffman. Capt. John C. Moore. . Capt. E. Llewellyn Bull. Capt. W1lliam F. Pearson. : Capt. Truman W. Carrither~ Capt. Harry H. Bissell. \ Capt. George F. Roselle. Capt. Charles B. Elliott. \ Capt. Charles F. Severson. Capt. John B. Corbly. Capt. Reuben C. Taylor. Capt. Fitzhugh L. Minnigerode. Capt. C. Stockmar BendeL Capt. Charles L. Sampson.. Capt. Robert. E. Boyers. Capt. John M. True. Capt. Burt W. Phillips. Capt. Bruce R. Campbell. C:rpt. Ben F. Ristine. Capt. John C. French. Capt. Will1am C. Russell. Capt. Benjamin B. McCroskey~ Capt. Roland ,V. Boughton. Capt. Cassius M. Dowell. Capt. Keith S. Gregory. Capt. Albert B. Kaempfer_ Capt. Homer N. Preston. Capt. Charles W. Mason. Capt. Jesse Gaston. Capt. . Allan R. Williams. Capt. William F. Harrell. Capt. .&ristides Moreno. Capt. Jesse D. Elliott. Capt. Will1am L. Patterson. Capt. Edward H. Tarbutton. Capt. Charles W. McClure. Capt. Carroll B. Hodges. Capt. Ambrose R. Emery. Capt. Fitzhugh B. Allderdise• . Capt. Edmund C. WaddilL Capt. James M. ChurchilL Capt. Rolland W. Case. Capt. Philip H. Bagby. Capt. Norman F. Ramsey. Capt. Lutller R. James. Capt. De Witt C. T. Grubbs. Capt. Andrew D. Chaffin. Capt. Thomas W. Hammond. Capt. Ernest B. Smalley. Capt. Calvin P. Titus. Capt. Frederick ,V. Boschen. Capt. William C. Miller. Capt. Manfred Lanza. Capt. Arthur W. Lane. Capt. Louis Farrell. Capt. Bernard Lentz. Capt. James B. Nalle. Capt. Frederick C. Test. Capt. John J. Burleigh. Capt. Owen S. Albright. Capt. Manuel l\1. Garrett. Capt. Fred H. Baird. Capt. Augustine A. Hofmann. Capt. Clifford C. Early. Capt. James Blyth. Capt. George .F. Waugh. Capt. Edwin Gunner. Capt. Allan Rutherford. Capt. Resolve P. Palmer. Capt. William S. Weeks. Capt. Edward E. McCammon. Capt. Charles S. Caffery. Capt. Philip Remington.. Capt. Louis A. Kunzig. Capt. Charles H. Rich. Capt. John P. Bubb. Capt. Paul C. Potter. Capt. Joseph E. Barzynski.. Capt. Albert T. Rich. Capt. Ben. W. Field. Oapt. David P. Wood. Capt. Bloxham Ward. Oapt. Edgar Z. Steever, 3d. Capt. Paul H. Clark. Capt. Philip B. Peyton. Capt. Thomas H. Lowe. Capt. Frederick B. Terrell. Capt. James W. H. Reisinger, jr. Capt. Charles A. Dravo. Capt. Rupert A. Dunford. Capt. James G. Mcilroy. Capt. Charles C. Bankhead. Capt. Richard J. Herman. Capt. John P. Adams. Capt. Edward L. Hooper. Capt. Ira Longanecker. Oapt. Iring J. Phillipson. Capt. William C. Whitener. Capt. Edmund B. Gregory. Capt. Frederick J. Ostermann. Capt. Gordon R. Catts. Capt. William J. Connolly. Capt. Ursa M. Diller. Capt. Everett D. Barlow, jr. Oavt. Edwin Butcher. •' Capt. Lawrence E. HohL Capt. Russell V. Venable. Capt. James G. Boswell. Capt. £'\.rtbur J. Davis. - Capt. Arth\u· D. Minick. Capt. Martin 0. Wise. Capt. Paul R. Manchester. Capt. Wolter S. Drysdnle. \ • .l. Capt. By-ard Sneed...... FEBRUARY 4,.

Capt. Oscar Westover. B. L. Greeley, Tremont. Capt. Martyn II. Shute. Cleve B. Schroeder, Vermont. Capt. li're!l A. Cook. William E. He s, Wilmette. Capt. George G. Bartlett. B. F. l\Ioberley, Windsor. Capt. Henry B. Clagett. Harry B. Fasmer, Yorkville. Cnvt. Hichanl H. Jacob. ·apt. Halph A. Jone . KANSaS. Onpt. Hugo D. Schultz. Eugene W. Perkins, Beverly. Capt. Jacob E. Fickel, Elliott S. Irvin, Coffeyville. Capt. Je e W. Boyd. Robert A. Watt, Edna. Capt. Ebenezer G. Beuret. Harvey C. Peterson, Eskridge. Cilvt. nu ·h B. Lincoln. Gustave Ziesenis, Eudora. Capt. Walter F. L. Hartigan. Herman L. Haasis, Florence. apt. Bruce Magruder. Edward F. Hudson, Fredonia. ' Capt. George H. Huddleson. Hugh O'Hara, Frontenac. Capt. George C. Keleher. Raymond E. Stotts, Garden City. PosTMASTERs .. Maggie Dowell, Gaylord. ILLINOIS'. Sophia l\1. Dickerson, Gypsum. J. . Dorller, Area. Charles H .. Harvey, Haddam. John"'· Troy, Arthur. John C. Girk, Halstead. 1 1~<.1 ward J. Cu hing, As umption. Marion E. Henderson, Haven. E<.l\vard Johnston, Atkinson. W. A. Corrigan, Haviland. Dewey T. Queen, Auburn. Aubrey J. Roberts, Herndon: John Geiss, Batavia. Baty W. Hamar, Howard. Philip H. Sopp, Belleville. Madison D . .Gallogly, Hoxie. Patrick f'. 1\IcPherson, Benld. James K. Stinson, Marquette. William G. Cloyd, Bement. l\Iildred K. Johnston, Meade. :M. J. Sullivan, Braidwood. L. F. Ni:ece, Natoma. Hemy "'crth, Bree e. A. F. Hamm, Nortonville. Sanford D. l\1etca1fe, Brocton. M. V. Dunlap, Osawatomie. W. T. Holifield, Brookport. Walter B. Ford, Oskaloosa. Mabel Minger, Buckley. L.A. Walker, Parsons. l\1. M. Brown, Bunker Hill. Francis W. Boyd, Phillipsburg. Clarence H. Hunt, Cambridge. Elmer H. Epperson, Scott City. Ro s Lee, Casey. William McHaley, Toronto. Alexander Perkins, Cerro Gordo. Owen F. McLean, West Mineral. John E . llethoru, Chandlerville. Edwin L. Helper, Winfield. James E. Jontry, Chenoa. KENTUCKY. Clyde "\V. Schoener, Cicero. 'Vilson l\1. Bering, Decatur. Olive Haddox, Allensville. David L. "\Vright, Effingham. Henry H. Poage, Brooksville. A. A. Dobson, Elburn. Fannie G. Taylor,. Campbellsville. Pet~r Petri, Eureka. P. C. Mayhugh, Eddyville. France C. Sweeney, Fort Sheridan. James l\1. Richardson, Glasgo,Y. Leslie G. Hot-rie, Gardner. · E. T. Schmitt, Louisville. l\lichael P. Bergen, Gillespie. l\Iayme D. Cogar, Midway. .T. l\L Rumsey Golconda. William l\I. Back, Monticello• Robert E. Downing, Golden. Jacob Roll, Newport. Michael F. o· onnor, Harvard. F. A. Casner, Providence. Matthew Bollan, Havana. Robert C. Stockton, Richmond. Richard F. Corley, Herrick. Jacob Fisher, Russell. \ Villiam l\1. Dooley, Highland Park. NEBRASKA. Leo T. L. Neff, Illiopolis. 1\f. D. Brubaker, Iuka. Isaac T. Merchant, Adams. Clifford ,V. Brewer, Knoxville. R. E. Harmon, Auburn . .,lmrle 1!,. Buck, Lacon. Clarence R. Tweed, Bassett. Jinks Y. Sperry, La Harpe. George W. Norris, Beaver Crossing. IIenry C. Johnson, Lawrenceville. Marie A. Lybolt, Brunswick. •Tames F'. Harri on, Leaf River. .James C. Frandsen, Dalton. Joseph F. Traband, Lebanon. George Beckler, Deshler. Harry E. Buckles, LeRoy. James W. Carson, Edgar. Harry Holland, 1\Iarion. Robert G. Hall, Fairmont. Ira "\V. Metcalf, l\Iomence. Andrew B. Ander on, Florence. OlHl.rles E. Moffitt, Monticello. · Edwin Cutts, Giltner. JQ]m H. McGrath, l\lorris. .Tames J. l\lcCarthy, Greeley. 'Villiam II. Clear, l\Iount Pulaski. Fritz A. Rasmus en, Her ·hey• .T. J. Baker, l\Iount Vernon. · Orren Slote, Litchfield. E. l\f. Dieter, Naperville. Ira Lucy, Long Pine. Joseph S. Grimes, National Stock Yards. C. F. Beushausen, Loup City. James T. Hind ·, N-ewman. Joseph J. Heelan, Mullen. Andrew J. Eckhoff, Nokomis. John S. Callan, Odell. Wnlt 1' n. Loyett, Onarga. Fred Wolter, Ohiowa. Thomn 1\Ioyer, Pari . . Lizzie Smith, Riverton. Katlwrine U. 1\IcCiements, Park IULige. William T. Cropper, Sargent. Willmr A. "\Voo

OKL.A.HOliA~ · John C. Nicholson, Six Mile Run. Charles W. Am pacher, Apache, ..,. Solomon H. Smith, Smithton. .Peter H. McKeown, Billings. ' Charles A. Smith, Swarthmor~. •J. N. Hopkins, Boswell. Winifred H. Rose, Tioga. Lea M. Nichols, Bri. tow. John Adams, Vandergrift. James E. Wallace, Broken Bow. J. R. Detwiler, Williamsburg. A. R. Duncan, Carmen. Hugh Gilmore, Williamsport. James H. Cunningham, Carnegie, RHODE I LAND. \V. P. Madden, Cheyenne. J'ame"' S. Scully, Crompton. Albert L. Kates, Claremore. Thomas H. Galvin, East Greenwich. Samuel R. Hawks, jr., Clinton. William R. Congdon, Wickford. W. A. Prince. Crescent. Bonnie Bacon, Davidson. TE~NESSEE. Blanche Holcomb, Delaware. J. K. Tate, Bolivar. John L. Lillibridge, Dover. William Thomas, Br(jwnsville. Robert E. Lee Woods, Duncan. Emily T. St. John, Harriman. L. D. Flint, Fairland. Luke C. Peak,-Jefferson City. Joseph B. Wilson, Fairview. ; Ernest D. Sneed, Moscow. J anies W. Hinson, Fletcher. i F. B. Cow:an, White Pine. John Huskey, Fort Tow. on. j Marion B. Carley, Geary. ·-1 W. T. Kniseley, Glencoe. ··1 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. T. J. Way, Haskell. ~ Willis W. Christopher, Kusa. ~ MoNDAY, .Feo'rum-y 4,1918. Robert Landers, Lawton. George M. Massingale, Leedey~ The Hou e met at 12 o'clock noon. J. L. Avey, Lindsay. ·The Rev. William Couden, of Washington, D. C., offered the Eva Gill, Milburn. following prayer : Guy M. Coffman, Morrison. Our Heavenly Father, wilt Thou illumine, reenforce, and cheer JohnS. Thompson, 1\lulhall. the membership of this legislative body endeavoring to serve C. J. Woodson, Okarche: t-, our Nation. Guide our chosen leaders. Crystallize public W. M. Davis, Okemah. _I thought and direct public action by the highest and noble t Joseph E. McCutchan, Pawnee.. ideals. We do not ask Thee to side with us, but we desire that Willard E. Merry, Perry. we shall be found unfailingly with Thee. Unify us, one and all A. C. Smith, Ponca City. in this Nation, to Thy will. . Willlam Barrowman, Purcell. Bless the Members of this House personally. Forgive their A. S. Foreman, Sallisaw. sins. Lead them through this day. And at last by Thy grace W. S. Livingston, Seminole.. \ bring them to life everlasting; through Jesus Christ our Lord. Edward Learnard, Shattuck. , Amen. Julian B. Boyett, Stuart. · The Journal of the pr()ceedings of Fliday, February 1, 1918, A. B. Cunningham, Tahlequah.t was read and approved. Grover C. Fulton, Tar River. Willie E. Hunt, Thomas. SPECI.A.L SESSION OF · HOUSE. John M. Crutchfield, Tulsa. Mr. SHERWOOD. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous coru ent for Thomas J. Brown, Tuttle. an order for a special session to be held on Sunday, February 10, Harry J. Dray, Weatherford. 1918, for the purpose of holding memorial services in honor of J. S. Barham, Wewoka. the late ELLSWORTH R. BATHRICK, a Representative fTOID the fourteenth Ohio district. PE~NSYLV.A.N:il. The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Ohio [Mr. SHEnwoon] Glaude W. Freeman, Austin. asks unanimous consent that there be ·a special session of the Oscar E. Letterer, Berwick. House on February 10, at 12 o'clock noon, for the purpose of Charles M. Hal'der, Catawissa, memorializing the late Representative BATHRICK. Is there ob· John J. Ryan, Centralia. jection? J. K. Smith, Charleroi. There was no objection. William A. Shear, Coudersport. · Frank F. Sumney, Dravosburg. EAST ST. L()UIS RIOTS. Joseph Nelson, Fayette City. Mr; JOHNSON of Kentucky. Mr. Speaker, the special com· 0. M. Koller. Fleetwood. 'I mittee which was appointed under House resolution 128 for the William H. McQuilken, Glen CampbelL purpose of investigating the interference with interstate-com­ Harry W. Fee, Indiana. ~ rnerce traffic and other matters in East St. Louis went over there E. S. Taylor, Kennett Square. , and took about 5,000 pages of testimony during the five weeks the Louis N'. Spencer, Lancaster. ~ committee was there. We now find that to publish 500 copies of Charles E. Putnam, Linesville. l I i the testimony would cost about $5,100, and the amount of money Robert E. Urell, Mansfield. ' now at the disposal of the committee is not sufficient to have the J. Blaine Wise. Marianna. . printing done. The report upon the matter is now almost com- John H. Kensinger, Martinsburg. vleted. I have been requested by· the committee to ask unani· Matthew C. Fox, jr., Media. mous consent that some photographs of. the scenes which have Frank P. Craig, Mercer. oeen described in the testimony, but which can not be described Harry B. Krebs, Mercersburg. · ' accurately in the report, be published with the report of the C. M. Touchstone, Moores. , ~~ommittee. Chru·Ies H. Carter, Mount Pocono. , The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Kentucky asks unani­ John H. Shields, New Alexandria. \ mous consent that, in printing the report of the select committee William S. Clegg, New Bloomfield. : which went to East St. Louis to investigate matt~rs there, it Oscar F. Weiand, Perkasie. may be permitted to print certain photograph for the illumina­ Grant Piper, Petersburg. tion of the situation. Is there objection 'l Thomas McGuire, Pleasantville. Mr. MONDELL and :Mr. DYER rose. Edward J. Hutchinson, Polk. The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Wyoming Is recognized. Henry J. J. Lemon, Port Allegimy. Mr. MONDELL. 1\Ir. Speaker, reserving the right to object, A. C. M. Crozier, Port Royal. how voluminous is the committee's report? Charles N. Seitzinger, Reading. Mr. JOHNSON of Kentucky. :Well, I have made the first John C. Werts, Reedsville. . u1·aft of it, and thus far it has only been submitted to one

George C. Schrecongost, Sagamore. ~ ; . ; ~!ember, and that is the gentle.man from 'Visconsin [Mr. Daniel Clarey. Sayre. . · · I CooPER], and as soon as I can do so I .wis.h to submit it to the Edward Raker, Shamokin. · ot:J?ers. But it would take, in my judgment, about ns much as Finlay II. Failing, Shinglehouse4 Ifive or six columns of a ne'Y'spaper. . . · i,-.