1946 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 6111 building in the District of Columbia made available from the unobligated which was bequeRthed to the United balances of appropriations heretofore SENATE States and it cannot be disposed of with­ made for the construction of buildings out the passage of this legislation. An­ outside the District of Columbia." MONDAY, JUNE 3, 1946 other item is that of a small piece of land The amendment was agreed to. (Legislative day of ·Tuesday, March 5, in the Barge Office in , The next amendment was, in section 7, 1946) which the Authority must secure in on page 6, line 8, after the word "apply", order to complete a tunnel. Another to insert "to communications systems The Senate met at 12 o'clock meridian, item is the authorization to proceed to for handling messages of a confidential on the expiration of the recess. complete a heatine plant in the District or secret nature, or." The Chaplain, Rev. Frederick Brown of Columbia. The bill contains a mis­ The amendment was agreed to. Harris, D. D., offered the following cellaneous group of items of a routine The next amendment was, on page 6, prayer: nature which must be acted on in order line 12, after the word "operated", to 0 God, who only art our refuge and that the Government may proceed with insert "or occupied." our strength, to the altar of Thy for­ its program. I may say that there was a The amendment was agreed to. giving mercy we come with starved unanimous report of the committee. The next amendment was, on page 6, souls, hungering after Thee. As leap The SenR.tur from Nebraska [Mr. line 14, to strike out section 8, as follows: the spires of Thy glory, how low fiy the WHERRY], the Senator from West Vir­ thoughts of our desires, their wings too ginia [Mr. REVERCOMB], and \,he Sena­ SEc. 8. The Commissioner of Public Build­ ings shall have exclusive authority in all often brushing the very ground. In the tor from Ohio [Mr. TAFT] are members buildings operated by the Public Building sanctuary of Thy riches how foolish and of the committee and voted to report Administration to enter into contracts, upon futile seem the things for which we the bill favorably. The bill was care­ such terms and conditions as he may find to strive with panting breath; we are of the fully considered. be in the public interest and without securing earth earthy, Lead us now, we beseech Mr. FERGUSON. Mr. President, I competitive bids, for food services in build­ ings designed to include such facilities or .Thee, beyond the wonder of the morning wish to make another inquiry. Has the to the gates which lead to peace and money been appropriated to acquire where s.uch services are subsequently found to be necessary to establish rules and regula­ power. We ask it in the name of that these sites? tions for the operation thereof; and to make strong and stainless One who without Mr. FULBRIGHT. Yes; the money all sanitary inspections in connection there­ shame and in triumph wore the garment has been appropriated. This bill would with. of our affiictions and limitations and provide authority to use the money. The amendment was agreed to. who looks at us and through us in these Mr. WHERRY. I should like to say troubled days with eyes majestic and for the RECORD that I attended the hear­ The next amendment was to change with a smile that bids us hope. Amen. ings, and I agree entirely with what the the remaining section numbers. distinguished Senator from Arkansas has The amendment was agreed to. THE JOURNAL said. I believe the bill should be passed, The PRESIDING OFFICER. That On request of Mr. BARKLEY, and by because it is necessary to obtain the site completes the committee amendments. unanimous consent, the reading of the and buildings provided in it. . The question is on the engrossment of Journal of the proceedings of the cal­ Mr. FULBRIGHT. If the bill is not the amendments and the third reading endar day Saturday, June 1, 1946, was passed quickly the G0vernment will lose of the bill. dispensed with, and the Journal was the advantage of the contracts it entered The amendments were ordered to be approved. into sometime ago, and the time limit engrossed and the bill to be read a third MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT on them is rapidly approaching. time. Messages in writing from the Presi­ The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there The bill (H. R. 5407) was read the dent of the were commu­ objection to the present consdieration of third time and passed. nicated to the Senate by Mr. Miller, one the bill? Mr. FULBRIGHT. I move that the of his secretaries. There being no objection, the Senate Senate insist upon its amendments, re­ proceeded to consider the bill

Annual Name of individual rate of Address Name and address of department or organization by whom paid compen­ satrion ------~--~------~------1------·------Hilda Hamilton ______70518th Street, NW., Washington, D. C------·-·:··--- Reconstruction Finance Corporation, Washington, D. C...... $2,890

UNITED STATES SENATE, ness Committee who are not full-time em­ SPECIAL COMMITTEE TO STUDY AND SURVEY PROB­ SPECIAL COMMITTEE TO STUDY . ployees of the Senate. The Senate Small LEMS OF SMALL-BUSINESS ENTERPRISES PROBLEMS OF AMERICAN SMALL BUSINESS, Business Committee, however, is reimbursing To the Senate: JUNE 1, 1946. JUNE 1, 1946. the agencies who have loaned these The above-mentioned committee hereby Mr. LESLIE L. BIFFLE, employees. submits the following report showing the Sec1·etary of the Senate, Sincerely yours, names of persons employed by the committee United States Capitol, JAMES E. MuRRAY, Chairman. who are not full-time employees of the Sen­ Washington, D. C. ate or of the committee for the month of May DEAR MR. BIFFLE: I transmit herewith the 1946, in compliance with the terms of Senate iist of employees of the Senate Small Busi- Resolution 319, agreed to August 23, 1944: ··- . Annual Name of individual Address Name and address of department or organization by whom paid rate of compen­ sation ------F. Preston Forbes .. ------~-- £02 Four Mile Rd., Alexandria, Va______Commerce Department, Washington, D. C ______$7, 175.00 Stella J. Groeper ______1127 Branch Ave. SE., Washington, D. C ______.____ Reconstruction Finance Corporation, Washington, D. C ______3, 710.00 L. Evelyn Spicer______2515 Wisconsin Ave. NW., Washington, D. C ______do ______3, 380. ()(} Margie L. StrubeL.------4632 l~th St. NE., Washington, D. C------____ _co ______2, 600.40 . JAMES E. MURRAY, Chairman. COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS JUNE 1, 1946. name of a person employed by the committee Senate Resolution 319, agreed to August 23, To the Senate: who is not a full-time employee of the Sen- 1944: The above-mentioned committee hereby ate or of the committee for the month of submits the following report showing the May 1946, in compliance with the terms of

Annual Name of indi>idual · Address Name and address of department or organization by whom paid rate of compen­ sation ------·------:-.Irs. Mamie L. Mizen ______1434 Saratoga Ave ______District of Columbia government ______S3, 970

KENNETH McKELLAR, Chairman.

BILLS ·AND JOINT RESOLUTION Vernon and Fort Washington to the Great of each year as Father's Day, was referred to INTRODUCED Falls, and to provide for the acquisition of the Committee on the Judiciary, and appears lands in the District of Columbia and the under a separate heading.) Bills and a joint resolution were intro­ States of and requisite to duced, read the first time, and, by unapi­ the comprehensive park, parkway, and p~ay­ DEVELOPMENT OF GEORGE WASHINGTON mous consent, the second time, and re­ ground system of the National Capital," MEMORIAL PARKWAY ferred as follows: approved May 29, 1930, which was referred to the Committee on P:ublic Buildings and Mr. ANDREWS. Mr. President, I ask By Mr. ROBERTSON: unanimous consent to introduce for ap­ s. 2283 A bill to reimburse certain Navy Grounds, and appears under a separate head­ perwnnel and former Navy personnel for ing.) propriate reference a bill recommended money lost or stolen while they were on duty By Mr. THOMAS of Oklahoma: by the National Capital Park and Plan­ at the United States Naval Training Station, S. 2287. A bill to provide for the continu­ ning Commission of which Maj. Gen. Farragut, Idaho; to the Committee on ance in certain cases of disability compensa­ U. S. Grant, 3d, is chairman. I request Claims. tion and waiver of premiums and disability payments under United States Government that the bill, together with a letter from By Mr. BALL: Life Insurance policit\s; to the Committee on General Grant to the President of the S. 2284. A bill for the relief of William B. Finance. Senate giving detailed information as to Buol; and By Mr. PEPPER: the whole project and the proposed plan S. 2285. A bill for the relief of Nicholas S. 2288. A -bill to permit public shooting on for meeting the expense of its construc­ Malitch; to the Committee on Immigration. national wildlife refuges, and for other pur­ (Mr. ANDREWS introduced Senate bill poses; to the Committee on Agriculture and tion be printed in the RECORD. 2286, to amend. the act. entitled "An act for Forestry. _ The PRESIDENT pro tempore. With­ the acquisition, establishment, and develop­ (Mr. O'DANIEL introduced S. J. Res. 165, out objection, the bill will be received ment of the George Washington Memorial requesting the President to issue a proclama:­ and appropriately referred, and the bill Parkway along the Potomac from Mount tlon designating the second Sunday in June and letter will be printed i:n the RECORD. 6114 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SE ~NATE JUNE ·3 The bill (S. 2286) to amend an act for Maryland. On the Virginia side the park­ and I desire to pay tribute to her and to the acquisition, establishment and de­ way roads have been built and will continue the idea on which she has worked for a velopment of the George Washington to be built wholly from Federal funds, whereas under the above quoted provision all number of years. This movement has Memorial Parkway along the Potomac such roads built on the Maryland side will now become so generally known and so from Mount Vernon and Fort Washing­ have to be built from joint State and Federal widespread in observance that I believe ton to the Great Falls, and to provide for funds. it would be eminently fitting at this the acquisition of lands in the District The right-of-way for the Georg~ Washing­ time for the day to be recognized na­ of Columbia and the States of Maryland ton Memorial Parkway on the Maryland side tionally. and Virginia requisite to the comprehen­ has been or is being acquired from the Dis­ I ask unanimous consent to introduce sive park, parkway, and playground sys­ trict line to the Great Falls at a total cost a joint resolution authorizing and re­ tem of the National Capital, approved to date of approximately $67'8,000, of which Maryland and private contributors have paid questing the President to issue a procla­ May 29 , 1930, was read twice by its title, one-half. Approximately 1,637 acres have m~tion designating the second Sunday in referred to the Committee on. Public been or are now being acquired on the Mary­ June of each year as Father's Day, read- Buildings and Grounds, and ordered to land side, and all of the right-of-way neces­ ing as follows: · be printed in the RECORD, as follows: sary to construct the George Washington Resolved, etc., That the President is au­ Be it enacted, etc., That the act entitled Memorial Parkway on the Maryland side from thorized and requested to issue a proclama­ "An act for t he , acquisition, establishment Cabin John to Great Falls will be available tion designating the second Sunday in June and development of the George Washington for the construction of that portion on the of each year as Father's Day, and calling upon Memorial Parkway along the Potomac from Maryland side as a postwar project. It is officials of the Government to display the flag Mount Vernon and Fort Washington to the very important, therefore, that this law be of the United States on all Government Great Falls, and to provide for the acquisi­ amended by striking out the above-quoted buildings on that day, and inviting the people tion of lands in the District of Columbia and provision so that this parkway road from the of the United States to observe the day with the States of Maryland and Virginia requisite Distric.t line to a point above Great Falls be appropriate ceremonies. to the comprehensive park, parkway, and constructed as one of the early postwar playground system of the National Capital,'' projects. I request that it be referred to the Public, No. 284, Seventy-first Congress, ap­ Section 1 (b) provides for the acquisition appropriate committee for consideration. proved May· 29, 1930, is hereby amended as of lands in the Maryland metropolitan area, There being no objection, the joint follows: including the Anacostia River Valley and its resolution (S. J. Res. 165) requesting By striking from section 1 (a) the fol­ tributaries, in a cooperative arrangement be­ the President to issue a proclamation tween the National Capital Park and Plan­ lowing language: "Provided further, That no in money ehall be expended by the United ning Commission and the Maryland-National designating the second Sunday June States for the construction of said highway Capital Park and Planning Commission. This of each year as Father's Day was re­ on the Maryland side of the Potomac, except section contained the following proviso: "The ceived, read twice by its title, and re­ as part of the Federal-aid highway program." United States is not to share in the cost of ferred to the Committee on the Judiciar¥. By striking from the next proviso of section construction of roads in the areas mentioned HOUSE BILL REFERRED 1 (a) the following language: "and the con­ in this paragraph, except if and as Federal­ struction of said roads." aid high~ays." The bill to amend the By striking from section 1 (b) the follow­ One of the principal postwar projects of laws authorizing the performance of nec­ ing language: "The United States is not to the Federal Government is the construction essary protection work between the Yuma share in the cost of construction of roads in of a parkway road from Washington to the project and Boulder Dam by the Bureau the areas mentioned in this paragraph, ex­ far side of Fort Meade and there to connect cept if and as Federal-aid highways." with a continuation of that parkway to Bal­ of Reclamation was read twice by its timore. Part of the parkway will pass titled and referred to the Committee on The letter presented by Mr. ANDREWS through lands in the Anacostia River Valley • Commerce. is as follows: which have already been acquired under the AUDIT OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR MARI­ NATIONAL CAPITAL PARK AND provisions of section 1 (b). It is necessary TIME COMMISSION AND WAR SHIPPING PLANNING COMMISSION , to eliminate this proviso in order that the ADMINISTRATION Washington, D. C., May 9, 1946. parkway can be constructed through these The honorable the PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE, lands. Mr. AIKEN. Mr. President, on Octo­ Wash ington, D. C. Appreciating your referring this proposed ber 29, 1942, and many times since, I SIR: There is enclosed a proposed bill to legislation to the appropriate committee of have called the attention of the Senate amend the George Washington Memorial the Senate, I remain, to the unconscionable conditions exist­ Parkway Act approved May 29, 1930 ( 46 St at. Very truly yours, ing in the United States Maritime Com~ 482). U. S. GRANT, 3D, Section 1 (a) of this act authorizes the ex­ Major General, , mission and War Shipping Board, as in­ tension of the George Washington Memorial Chairman. dicated by the many reports which the Parkway on the Virginia and Maryland shores FATHER'S DAY Comptroller General has submitted to of the Potomac River to Great Falls and pro­ the Congress. vides for the construction of a free bridge at Mr. O'DANIEL. Mr. President, some The reports of the Comptroller Gen­ or near Great Falls. The George Washington 35 years ago, while a patient in the Santa eral, beginning with June 29, 1942, indi­ Memorial Parkway includes the existing Rosa Hospital at San Antonio, Mrs. R. B. Mount Vernon Memorial Highway. Title t o cate gross negligence, wastefulness, col­ Loggins, of West Columbia, Tex., who lusion, and inefficiency in handling the the lands so acquired vests in the United had become interested in the matter, St ates. affairs of the Maritime Commission and Under previous parkway appropriations wrote a number of articles in reference to a special day of the year honoring the War Shipping Administration. made to the of the On January 23, 1946, there was in­ Depart ment of the Interior, which has juris­ fathers. The San Antonio Express, of dict ion over t he George Washington Me­ San Antonio, Tex., published these arti­ serted in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, by morial Parkway, that Service has expended cles. A beginning was made with the Representative WIGGLESWORTH, of Massa­ somet hing over a million dollars extending observance of Father's Day at several chusetts, a report by the Comptroller the Mount Vernon Memorial Highway on the places and it has now spread over the General on the financial affairs of the Virginia side from Columbia Island to Key entire Unit ed States. Maritime Commission and War Shipping Bridge, and has a!Eo const ructed an addi­ Administration up to June 30, 1943. tional span to Key Bridge to permit the . The original idea was to make the first parkway to pass under that bridge, all from Sunday in May Father's Day. Later this This report indicates that up to that Federal parkway funds. was changed to the second Sunday in time there had been a total of $8,007,163,- But as to the parkway on the Maryland June, which is now generally observed as 990.60 of funds improperly accounted for side, the act provided that "no money shall Father's Day. In a number of States the by these two agencies of government. be expended by the United States for the governor of the State officially desig­ I believe that President Truman ·has construction of said high way-from Fort been aware of conditions existing in the Washington to Great Falls-Qn the Mary­ nates that day as a special day honoring land side of the Potomac except as part of fathers. Maritime Commission for a long time. the Federal-aid highway program." This Mrs. Loggins was one of the most ac­ This belief is amply borne out by the provision makes a very unfortunate and un­ tive of the group whose labors resulted fact that he failed to reappoint one mem­ just discrimination against the St at e of in the establishment of Father's Day, ber of the old Commission and two others 1946 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 6115

resigned undoubtedly with the whole­ A thorough investigation by an im­ hav~ properly and adequately safeguarded hearted approval of the White House. -· partial and competent committee of the the mterests of the United States in the ex­ After these three members of the old Senate will reveal that those unscrupu­ penditure of, and accounting for, such money Commission, which has been constantly lous business interests which in the ·last m connection with the acquisition of vessels, the ~harter hire or chartering of vessels, the under fire by the Comptroller General's few years have succeeded in looting the placmg of insurance and the payment of in­ office, had resigned or were removed, the United States Treasury of what will un­ surance losses, the allowance and payment of new Commission, consisting of Ray Mc­ doubtedly amount to several billion dol­ agency fees and other fees and emoluments Keough, John Carmody, and Capt. Ed­ lars are still attempting to control . the and with respect to a!l other matters relating affairs of the Commission and may suc­ to the' expenditure of, and accounting for, ward Macauley, made much progress such money which the committee may deem toward putting the Commission on an ceed in doing so unless prevented by the Congress. it app~opriate to study and investigate. The efficient and honest basis. Some ineffi­ comm1ttee shall report to the Senate, not cient and dishonest employees have been There is still an opportunity to recover later than 6 months after the adoption of this what may amount to several hundred removed. resolution, the results of its study and in­ million dollars of United States taxpay­ vestigation, together with such recommen­ The courageous action of these three ers' money if such a committee as I pro­ dations as it deems desirable. men was taken in the face of strong op­ pose is authorized to make a thorough For the purposes of this resolution the position from those who had participated and prompt investigation. . committee, or any duly authorized subcom­ in or condoned the looting of the United Failure of the Congress to interest it­ mittee thereof, is authorized to hold such States Treasury l5y certain unscrupulous self in the Comptroller General's charges hearings, to sit and act at such times and interests with which the old Commission places during the sessions, recesses, and ad­ that billions of dollars of taxpayers' journed periods of the Senate in the Sev­ had apparently cooperated. money have been improperly a.ccounted enty-ninth Congress, to employ such experts, If these three men had remained in for cannot help but increase the fears and such clerical, stenographic, and other control of the Commission and the War now held by many that an unscrupulous assistants, to require by subpena or other­ Shipping Board, I have no doubt but that element of big business has nothing to wise the attendance of such witnesses and they would have performed a thorough fear from the Congress. the production of such correspondence, books, I earnestly hope that this body will papers, and documents, to administer such housecleaning. oaths, to take such testimony, and to make However, Captain Macauley resigned allay such fears by promptly authorizing such expenditures, as it deems advisable. because of illness. As a matter of fact, the investigation called for in the reso­ The cost of stenographic services to report it had been made plain to him by men lution. such hearings shall. not be in excess of 25 close to the seat of government that his I understand that a similar demand cents per "100 words. The expenses of the resignation was desired. However, he for an investigation of Maritime Com­ committee, which shall not exceed $50,000, mission and War Shipping Administra­ shall be paid from the contingent fund of resisted any efforts to remove him, but the . Senate upon vouchers approved by the finally resigned of his own free will be­ tion affairs is being made in the House by Representative RICHARD WIGGLES­ charrman. cg.use of ill health. WORTH, of Massachusetts, who has FUNERAL EXPENSES OF THE LATE Today, a new Chairman of the Com­ worked unceasingly in the public inter­ mission, Vice Adm. William Ward Smith, SENA~OR CARTER GLASS est. . Mr. "BYRD submitted the following is being sworn into office. There being no objection, the resolu­ I do not question his integrity or his resolution

Congress Session Year Page Bill Vote Subject

68th ______1st______1923-24 1972 H. R. 7959 __ Yea ______Adjusted compensation for ex-servicemen. H. R. 7959 ______do ______8871 _____ do. ______Ibid. Passage over President's veto. 5333 s. 5 ______Increase pension for service in Civil War, Mexican War, and War of 1812. 8422 s. 5 ______do ______Ibid. Passage over President's veto. 7855 s. 2257 ______do ______To extend, for 5 years after discharge, time for showing neuropsychiatric disease. 68th ______2d ______1924--25 4240 s. 33 ______do ______Retirement of disabled emergency officers of . 69th______1st______1925-26 12037 H. R.1217L Yea ______Hospitalization of disabled servicemen. 12089 H. R.1217L Nay______To allow unpaid premiums to be renewed by deducting 5 percent interest annually from " face of policy." Yea ______2d ______7435 H. R. 8132 __ Granting pensions for service in war with Spain. 69th ______1926-27 4333 H. R. 16886__ }

WORLD NOT YET AT PEAC~ inducted unless he is actually needed. war," m bring about any of the other evils }ll'edicted by radieals and pacifists and Civil war rages in the Far East. We can be certain that not one win be inducted if :the:re is a volunteer to take propagandists in their efforts to defeat Small nations are fearful for their own extension. On the- contrary, it would give national security. ' his place. The President and the most responsible men of the Army andt the us an Army which, together with Olli Hundreds of milliol!lS of human beings Navy uphold this policy. trained reserves, would constitute almost in Germany, Italy, and the Balkans, in the o.nly hope-of peace, security, and free­ India and China, are dying day by day If, on the other hand, we fail in our duty, and there are no men available dom from foreign dangel!'s and domina­ li!{e flies or are threatened witb starva­ tio.n d:uri.ng the next few years. tion. Other millions are rioting or fight­ through selective service to meet an ing for what little food tbere is. emergency, we can be doubly certain that It is to be hoped that extension of The forces of violence released by war we alone will be respcmsible for the conse­ tbe Selectivt; Se:uvice ~nd Training Act · are still on the march in many parts of quences, whatever they may be. willl be accompanied by an increase in WHAT THE BlLl. WOULD DO service pay. Sueh an increase would the world. Pestilence and famine are supp1y additional ineentive to volun­ everywhere. Gre.at armies remain un­ Now, as, to the bill before us. What an der arms for no reason associated with would it do? tary enlistments. We want a 100 per­ if Flrst, let us see wha:t it would do, and cent volunteer Army i:n peacetime we peaceful purposes or the requirements of can get one. This is one way to help peace. . then what it would not do; for, in con­ get i:t. "' Far from being at peace, we are con­ sidering this prob~em, I think we should fronted with a wo:rld containing more ex­ take note of some of the mist·e:presemta­ WHY I'l' IS NECESSARY plosive elements than at the time World tions injected into public discussions of Why is it necessary to extend the Se­ War n started. It would be literally the subject. as well a:s of the provisions lective Service Act~ Why cannot the easier to go to war now tban then. of the bill itself. Army get a sufficient number of volun­ It is our responsibility as a nation to Five things, would be accomJ:lished by teers to meet its requirements without do our utmost · to preserve what· little extension of the Selective Service and drafting anyone, especially if the pay of peace tbere is, to prevent an outbreak of Training Act as proposed by the Com­ the armed forces is to be increased? another war, and to try through the mittee on Military Affairs. There .is a simple, all-inclusive answer UN and otherwise to build a permanent First. It would assure us of an Army to these questions. The answer is that peace. of 1,070,000 men on July 1, 194'1, follow­ we do not know and can only guess at So much for the background against ing monthly reduction fFom a total of the number -of volunteers the armed which we are asked ; to consider this 1,550,600 on July 1, 1946. forces m.ay e~pect to get in the next year measure. Second. It would make it possible to or two; either with or without the Selec­ STA'l'ISTICS CONFUSING, REQUIREMENT CLEAR maintain the interim postwar Army at tive Service Act on the books and with or Other speakers. will, no doubt, discuss 1,070:,000 until we can determine the size without a pay increase. the various provisions of the House bill, of the permanent military force required All the :figures which have been cited as well as restrictive amendments which uJtimately to serve peacetime needs and either in support or in opposition for ex­ may be offered in the Senate. For th~ fulfi~l our obligation to the United Na- · tension are, after all, only guesses. That present I shall confine myse]f to the bill tions organization. is all they can be. But there are some as reported favorably to the Senate from Third. If accompanied b~ a pay in­ facts that we know. the Committee on Military Affairs. In crease as recommended by the Military We know that the rate of enlistments doing so, I shan ctmfine myself also to A:ffai!rs Committee and the War and Navy is declining about 2(),000 a month. what I regard as the basic facts. I shall Departments, it would stimulate volun­ We know that enlistments are stimu­ attempt to explain the signmcance of teer enlistments to the point where rela­ lated by the knowledge that men of draft this measure as it is understood by those tively few inductions would be necessary, ag,e are liable for military; service. We of us who support it. thus holding out the hope of a:n all­ know that without the Selective Service It may be admitted that the various volunteer Army and Navy for the im­ Act we cannot guarantee an Army of estimates and statistics dealmg with mediate postwaF period and beyond. 1,070,110:0 from midyear of 1947 on. manpower resources and requirements Fourth. It would make it possible to We know that unless the act is ex­ are confusing. Some of them are con­ cut to 18 months the period of service tended the number of those volunteering flicting. It is possible, by using some of for all inductees as wen as those who wish for military serv·ce will be substantially the figures and ignoring others, t.o make to. vomnteer for a short ·enlistment. less than if the a£t is extended. XCII--386 6122 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE JUNE 3

Estimates of the shortage in manpower the size of the Army until it is possible to USE OF THE ARMY OVERSEAS which would be faced without selective say what size Army will be required in Much has been made of the circum­ service range all the way from 170,000 peacetime, following the discharge of our stance that the United States now main­ to 400,000 as of January 1, 1948. The wartime obligations. tains military forces in many countries whole point of this conflict in estimates, WHAT ARE THE ARMY'S PRESENT TASKS? throughout the world where we never based on separate studies by different In tbe main they are: had troops before. This is misleading. ' authorities, is that no one can say defi­ First. Occupation of former enemy The facts are: nitely what the shortage will be. It can­ First. Most of these troops in these not even be said with complete certainty territory. Second;' Training of new ·recruits and countries were employed there only tem­ that there will be a shortage, especially porarily, while the "fighting war" was on. if the pay of the armed forces is to be replacements for men now in the service. They are being pulled out and brought increased. Third. Maintenance of communica­ home as rapidly as we can close up our We know that all the factors and all tions and of Army installations in the wartime bases. United States. the studies and all the experience of our Second. American forces still to be armed forces point to the probability, if Fourth. Manning of overseas Army found in most foreign countries number not the certainty, of a shortage which bases, particularly air bases. only a few hundred or a few thousand in less than 2 years might wreck the Fifth. Maintenance of adequate intel­ • at most. They are not being kept on Army, defeat our national purposes, and ligence and research organizations, that foreign soil for any purpose other than threaten the security of the Nation un­ the United States may be prepared to to protect or dispose of surplus property less Selective Service is extended by meet any dangers which may arise in or clean up other· wartime jobs before Congress. the future. coming home, or they are there for the Mr. AIKEN. Mr. President- Sixth. Protection of American terri­ necessary service of supply and to main- Mr. GURNEY. I yield to the Senator tory against attack. . tain the line of communication of our from Vermont. Seventh. Support of the UN as a con­ occupation forces. Mr. AIKEN. I notice the Senator in­ tribution to world peace. Third. It is not the policy of the United tends to propose several amendments to This outline of Army tasks is based on States to keep military forces in any the pending bill and those amendments certain assumptions. These assump­ country which, in addition, does not wel­ have to do with the pay of the men in tions are (a) that peaceful occupation come their presence. the different services. Are the propos~d · · of Japan and' Germany will continue for While the war was in progress we sent pay increases on a percentage basis, and some years, (b) that peace treaties will troops to India and Burma to help open about what do they amount to on a per­ soon be signed. the back door to China. Vle sent them centage basis? The Senator from Michigan [Mr. to help train the Chinese armies. They Mr. GURNEY. There are about 11 VANDENBERG] and I had a little conversa­ were sent to Africa, Italy, France, and proposals for increases in the rate of pay tion back and forth at the start of my Germany to fight. We sent them to Eng­ for men in the armed forces. I intend remarks, which indicated to me that pos-· land for training. We sent them to coun­ to go into that matter fully as soon as sibly peace treaties will not soon be tries of the Near East to build and oper­ we reach it. But the Committee on Mili­ signed. ate a supply line to R1,1ssia. We sent them tary Affairs recommended a 30-percent The other assumptions are

/ 1946 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 6123 Tlnere is n(J)thing in mny of these facts, preserver, to rip its c€lver, and then h€lpe whether some words might be added to any of these plans, Ci>r in any Army esti­ it will keep us afloat. clarify the language, so- tnat it W(i}Uld mates to justify the conclusion that the Do opponents of extension want to so provide that the total &f his service ooth United States is being militarized or cripple the Air Fo.rce that. planes can­ before al!ld after his seleetion under this that it is a tlueat to any other nation, or not fly because there are no trained me­ aet sh€luld amount to 13 m(!}ntns. that the War Department is a.slti:ng for chanics to. service them? Mr. GURNEY. The Committee on an extension of the Selective Service Act Do they want to so weaken our occu­ Mi>Jitary Afi2:Lrs wanted to be sure that in preparation for another war, or that pation fo:rces as to permit militarism he spent only 18 montbs frcm the time we a .11 e ''undel!mi:ning UN by unilateral again to rear its head in Germany and he :first put on his uniform, so the com­ action to rearm." Japan? mittee incl»ded the word "trainf.ng." Exactly the reverse is true. We are Wltlat shalF it prom us to play politics The w0rdls "active service" mean that all demobilizing, not remobilizing; A posi­ with the national security now if to do that period would be included. So the tive need of Selective Service is to allow so may plunge us into an~ther war? meaning is that he shan have 18' months the continuance of an orderly reduction Regardless of all other considerations, with the uniform on. in Army strength. we must avoid another war if possilllle. Mr. MAYBANK. Mr. Plesident, I It is the policy of the War Department We must, if we can, avoid sending o:ur shan speak fo:r onJy a very sho:rt time on to recruit and maintain the future Army young men again into battle in our life­ the pending measu1e. from voltm:t"e.ers~ to the e'Ktent that this is time. We have been plunged into two Mr. OVERTON. Mr. President, before possihle. Secretary Patterson and Gen­ worrd wars within 25 years, each more the Senator begins. his statement ~ will he eral Eisenh6wer :have ooth said they destructive than any of i:ts PTedecessors. yieid to. me so I may ask a question of w0l!Pld prefer to get the entire strength World War II lasted twice as long as the Senator from S.out:h Dako1H:~ ? of the A:rmy in tbis manne:r. But until Wo:rld War I. Mr. MAYBANK. I am glad to y~eld to it can be demo-mst.rated that it is possible We weFe unprepared for World War I the Senator from Louisiana. to :raise a volunteer Army of the re­ and only half prepared for World War II. Mr. OVERTON. On page 4 ~ line 10, ouired size-and r ihi:nk it :n; no.w demon­ God :forbid that there should be a World we fuld this lang111age: strated tllat we canno.t get it.-it wm be War HI. fficcept pursuant to a requisition by the necessary to>keep the Selective Service But, for the sak~ of our young. men­ land or naval: fmees for persons m needed Act another year. They are convinced for the sake of these young men whom medfeai prOfessional and specialists cate­ that the :force :recommended is the abso­ we are proposing to train now as soldiers gories. lute minimllml n4nii:rred fCiJ:r the jab im- of peace-let us be strong and let us be Shoufd not a comma be inserted after .media.tel:y ahead. - prepared, sa that we . can say to all the the word "medical"? There are three n in the commg year the woc:Ed should world: The United States wants peace, categories named, are there not-medi­ settle down tC!J; peaceful )mrsmts and n-or­ but not because it is ·weak. cal, professional, and speciallsts? mal rela.tiiOEShips, and if Congress should Mr. TUNNELL. Mr. Presidentr-­ Mr. GURNEY. Yes.~ I believe a comma ·appr-oNe a :pay increase. for the Army and The PRESID1NG OFFICER (Mr. should be pi.aced alter the word "medi­ if this. Nmvy, and im. tmn should in.c:rease JoHNSTON of South Carolina in the cal," and I thank the Senator for sug- the :rate of vclunt.ee:r enlistmems to the chajr >. Does the Senator from South gesting it. · point 1leQIUired. t.G mamtam tlle Altmy at Dakota yield to the Senator from Mr. OVERTON. I should like t€> offer 1,070 it shorud not be ne:c:essary to oeo, Delaware? an amendment to that effect ~ extelil:n of selective serv­ concerning language on page 2, in sub­ tion made by the Senator is carried out. ice new. (b-) 3, section of section as follows: Mr. OVERTON ~ I thank the S€nator 'Fhe' Army needs young men for train­ Each man inducted prior to October 1, 1946, ing. It needs bright, quick, active, en­ from South Dakota. under the provisions of subsectiDn (a) who I thusiastic' men~ This is an age of tech- · shalll have completed a peritiJd of training and Mr. MAYBANK. Mr. Pl"esident, wish nology. No army in the: world is..s.o highly service under this act o:li 18- months or m0re. to take this opportrmity to commend the mecmamized as the American Army, and distinguished Senat€lr from S0utb Da­ meehanization. is 0nly beginning. Does that mean at the time he is kota for his very.clear statement regard­ inducted? Rocke's~ j,et propulsion, pilotless ing the necessity for the extension ef the planes; the acmevements of science-­ Mr. GURNEY. No~ it means that on draft, which many of us who aile mem­ October l, 1946, which is aho.ut 4 months these are the weapGns of the !utlllre. 1ll bers of the Senate MiJ.itary Affairs Com~ the hands of a Na;tion like ours, they are from now, if he has at that time put in mittee - certainly I myself - believe 18 months of service he will be dis­ should have been done luld be bad between" 6124 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE JUNE 3 the Secretary of War, General Eisen­ ing with him the other day about a bill Marine Corps Band in accordance with hower, General Collins, and those repre­ in connection with the increases which . the increases in pay which are author­ senting the various patriotic organiza­ many Senators, including myself, be­ ized by the amendment for other per­ tions, as well as the Reserve officers and lieve should be made also under the GI sonnel of the armed forces. Such in­ the National Guard. It is my informa- bill of rights, upon the same theory of creases for members of the Marine Corps .. tion received from Generals Reckard the decreasing purchasing value of the Band are as follows: and Evans, who represent the National dollar. It is my hope that the Congress, Guard and Reserve officers, that the before it recesses; will adjust many dis­ Percent­ meetings so far have been quite satis­ criminations in the GI bill of rights, and Grade Present Propose d age of in- factory and that they hope they will be perhaps afford additional funds to those pay pay crease able to work out something so that we who served at lower pay during the war might go fully into the many bills now and who are now trying to obtain an Leader_------·-· -·----- $200 $220 10 Second leader ______200 220 10 before our committee. education. The distinguished Senator Principal musician ____ _ 150 180 20 Mr. President, the proposed amend­ from Colorado advises me that within First-class musician __ __ 125 150 20 ment to Senate bill 2057 would extend the the next few weeks he expects to hold Second-class musician __ 100 120 20 increases in pay provided therein to per­ hearings on this all-important matter T hird-class musician __ _ 85 102 20 sonnel heretofore retired. Retired of­ before a subcommittee of the Committee ficers and enlisted men and personnel in on Finance. In conclusion, I wish to say that I hope, receipt of retirement pay should be in­ Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. Within trust,' and pray, that the time is not far cluded in any measure providing in­ the next few days, I may say to the distant when this measure will be passed creases in active-duty pay. The amount Senator, not the next few weeks. by the Senate, sent to the House, agreed of retired pay received by retired per­ Mr. MAYBANK. I thank the Senator to there, and become law, for the purpose sonnel is measured by active-duty pay, for the correction. I spoke to him last of maintaining the prestige of the United and t he higher costs of living which make week. States in these troublous times. As the pay increases necessary affect retired I sincerely hope that under the able Senator from Michigan [Mr. VANDENBERG] personnel to the same extent as those on leadership of the Senator from Colorado so ably pointed out earlier today in a active duty. Due to increased living the boys who served so faithfully in the question which he asked the Senator from costs, the purchasing power of retirement war, and who are now at college, or South Dakota, this is the very minimum benefits, based.on a pay scale in effect at · engaged in farming or other industries, that we can afford to have for our Army. the time of retirement, have definitely will be better provided for under the While the Navy and the Marine Corps decreased, and, therefore, such benefits GI Act. At this time I do not intend are made up of volunteers, nevertheless originally granted by the Congress have to offer an amendment which I had in­ they likewise suffer. The number of vol­ iri fact been 'lowered. To provide in­ tended to offer, because I believe a hear­ unteers has fallen off during the time creased benefits for personnel hereafter ing should be held. I know that the dis­ when this proposed law has been in abey­ retired, and to deny the same benefits tinguished Senator from Colorado will ance. I feel, as do most other Senators, for those heretofore retired, would result see that a hearing is held within the and as the Senator from South Dakota so in a discrimination as between groups next few days, so that those now attend­ ably pointed out, that we want a volun­ who have rendered equally meritorious ing school may receive sufficient funds, teer Army. The generals, the admirals, serVice in the armed forces and who de­ considering the devalued ·dollar, to con­ the Secretary of War, the Secretary of serve equal treatment. tinue their education, because it must the ·Navy, and all of us want a volunteer Th·e CQngress has heretofore increased be remembered that those who are in .Army. It is my hope that with these :pay retired pay when it provided increases in the situation which has been described increases, and with thi's bill upon the active-duty pay. When the active-duty served on the basis of lower pay. §tatute books, Perhaps it may not be nec­ pay of personnel of the armed forces was Mr. President, I had another amend­ essary to draft so many of our citizens. increased by the Pay Readjustment Act ment to the bill which I do not intend But without the enactment of this bill I of 1942, those increases were made appli­ to call up at this time, for the reason am deeply fearful of our national prestige. cable to the retir.ed pay of personnel who that, in my opinion, there has been such Unless the Congress acts wisely and were retired prior to the date of enact­ a long and unnecessary delay in the. pas­ quickly, I fear that those who are not so ment of that act. In view of that prece­ sage of 'the pending legislation as in my friendly toward us may be encouraged in dent it would be only just and equitable judgment seriously to impair the prestige the direction of further expansion of po­ to make the increases provided by the of the United States and of our armed litical ideology on the Continent, perhaps propos.ed amendment applicable to the forces, which at this time are so neces­ looking forward to another war, in which - retired pay of personnel who were retired sary to our Commander in Chief, the event the more than 300,000 who died in prior to the date of its enactment. President, and to the State Department. this war, and the more than 1,000,000 who Consideration must also be given to the So I shall forego offering the amend­ are in hospitals, many of whom will never fact that the majority of those who would ment, with the hope that we may com­ recover, will be done a great disservice. benefit by the proposed amendment to plete consideration of this bill within the If the Army is to be maintained at a S. 2057 are not officers of the Regular next few days. level of approximately one and a half Army but are officers of the civilian com­ Mr. President, through some of my million, the Navy at a level of approx­ ponents who became physically disabled acquaintances in the Marine Corps, I imately 600,000, and the Marine Corps at during the war and who are now receiv­ have learned that there was left out of a level of approximately 100,000, the only ing retirement pay. There are approxi­ the original bill a certain provision way those levels can be reached and held mately 22,000 non-Regular officers who which I think should be included in it, is by new enlistments, so that those who became physically disabled during the and which the Senator from South Da­ have served long and faithfully through war and who are being paid retirement kota-has accepted, and which is written the hard, dark days of war may be re­ pay by the Veterans' Administration. into the bill. I' should like to explain it. leased to return to their homes and enjoy· There are only approximately 5,000 Reg­ The pay of members of the Marine the benefits of education, and so that ular Army officers on the retired list and Corps Band is not governed by the pro­ fathers may be returned to their families. about 15,000 enlisted men of the Regular visions of the Pay Readjustment Act of Those who enter the service under the Army who have been retired. 1942, but is fixed by section 11 of the terms of this bill will know that they are Mr. President, I wished to make that act of March 4, 1925. Therefore, unless to serve for only 18 months. Those who statement so that it would be distinctly the provisions--of the act of, March 4, have been in the service for a period of understood that these increases apply 1925, are amended, these persons will 18 months will be released. Mr. Presi­ not only to the 5,000 Regular officers, but receive no increases in pay. I am ad­ dent, there were many who went into the to the 15,000 enlisted men who are on vised by many of my friends in the service not for 18 months, but for years. retirement, as well as the non-Regular Marine Corps that they have received no This morning I talked with a man who officers who were disabled in World benefit since 1925. had been gone for six long years. He .War II. Section 8 (c) of the Gurney- amend­ was one of the first to be called when the I see the distinguished Senator from ment of April 19 amends section 11 of National Guard was called out in 1940. Colorado [Mr. JOHNSON] present in the the act of March 4, 1925, so as to provide So in· justice to those who have served, Chan1ber. I had the opportunity of talk- increases fn pay for members of the- and in a spirit of demrrcratic fairness, I 1946 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 6125 hope. the Congress will see the wisdom of would like to volunteer for military serv­ Economic and Social Committee of the enacting this legislation so that the true ice, and that those who do volunteer ac­ United Nations and, of course, the pres­ and the tried, the worthy and the faith­ tually make better soldiers than those ent efforts of the Security Council to ful, who have labored long and hard who are compelled to go into the service. preserve the peace. And I recently voted under the stress and strain of battle, and I am in entire accord with those who to approve the British loan. who have been absent from their educa­ argue that a volunteer Army and a vol­ I have recited these different inter­ tion and their families, may return home, unteer Navy are far preferable to any national activities in order to give· the and those who have not performed the form of conscription. At our hearings, setting of the stage for the participation arduous tasks and duties of military the Secretary of War, the Secretary of by our country in the international com­ service may either volunteer or, if neces­ the Navy, and our military and naval of­ plexities that lie immediately ahead of sary, be selected, although I hope that it ficers all agreed on the desirability of our us. With VE-day, we assumed very defi­ will not be necessary to .select them. having a volunteer Army at the earliest nite responsibilities on the Continent Mr. SMITH. Mr. President, as a mem­ possible date. But the question whether of Europe, looking to the rehabilitation ber of the Committee on Military Affairs we should have a volunteer or a con­ of the countries that had been shattered I wish to make my position clear in sup­ script Army is not the issue before us by the war, and their postwar recovery. port of the pending legislation. at this time. The present question is This includes especially what might be The e rtension of the Selective Service what we need under the existing cir­ calle<;i the humane operations, such as Act of 1940 presents the specific question cumstances. the feeding of the peoples and their eco­ as to· whether we should diScontinue the In connection with this debat e, I think nomic recovery. Let me emphasize that compulsory draft on July 1 when the there is a further point that should also in our thinking. This is all a part of present unsatisfactory extension expires, be disposed of. There are no Americans the humane aid to people who are suffer­ or whether the world unrest is such that of my acquaintance who have any im­ ing from famine, and an aid to their we must consider the reenactment of perialistic ambitions for the United economic recovery. Any program, how­ draft legislation that will call for main­ States, or who feel there is any area in ever, even if it be only humane and un­ taining a substantial military force until the world that we should be interested warlike,. requires law and order; and world conditions are more settled. We in taking under our jurisdiction. We are law and order during these troubled must bear in mind that if we reenact a very definitely not a militaristic nation. times require the use of force legitimately selective service act beyond July 1, next, We seek no conquest, and as a people we administered. Since VJ-day we have we will be asking our young men, as they are wedded to the paths of peace and had similar responsibilities throughout become 18 years of age, at least to stand good will toward our neighbors. I do not the Far East, and especially in Japan by to be ready for military or naval service think the issue of imperialistic milita­ and China; and on top of these particu­ for their country if they should be called rism is involved in the present discussion. lar law-and-order jobs which we have to fill the induction quotas. Why, then, should we even consider had to assume, as a conquering nation­ Mr. President, in opening my remarks continuation of the Selective Service Act? which jobs, let me emphasize again, are I wish to pay a special tribute to the dis­ Let me briefly review the situation in primarily humane jobs to save the very tinguished Senator from South Dakota which the United States finds itself at existence of human beings-we have as­ (Mr. GURNEY], who has made such an the close of the most terrible war of all sumed a large responsibility for the suc­ excellent presentation today of the case history. We have found rather defi­ cessful development of the UN. Under for the extension of the Selective Service nitely, after the experiences of World the UN we are cal.Ied upon to accept Act. I particularly commend him for the Wars I and II, that we as a people cannot our quota of military and naval contin­ splendid work he did while the bill was live alone. Time and space have been gents in order to do our share in the under consideration by the committee, annihilated; and the conquest of the air, future preservation of the peace of the and in getting together the facts, thus coupled with the discovery and dreadful world. And certainly the recent experi­ making possible the orderly presentation possibilities of the atomic bomb, make us ence in Paris only emphasizes the need of the 'case before the Senate. realize that, whether we desire it or not, of a strong, firm America. In my judg­ Let me also point out in opening my we have very definite responsibilities to ment, Mr. President, not only is this remarks that the question of the imme­ cooperate in preserving the peace of the action of ours in extending the Selec­ diate reenactment of the Selective Serv­ world. I wish to emphasize very clearly, tive Service Act not in opposition to the ice Act for a limited, fixed time has noth­ Mr. President, that I look upon this UN but it is the one thing which we ing to do with the broader question of measure as an indication of our coopera­ are called upon to do to strengthen the universal military training. I think we tion with the world to preserve the peace, UN and to make it practical and effec­ should get that fact clearly in our minds not to strengthen ourselves for war with tive. before we begin the discussion. A policy other countries. In light o'f these responsibilities, which of universal military training is a totally I am one of those who have insisted, I think we are all agreed we should have different subject, and I recognize that ever since I have been in the United a~sumed, how large a military and· naval there is a wide divergence of views as to· States Senate, that our country should force are we called upon to have avail­ the wisdom of adopting such a policy. take every successive step that we were able in the period that lies immediately In order not to confuse the debate here called upon to take to assist in the future ahead? In answer to this question, the on the floor of the Senate, I wish to put preservation of the peace. I approved Secretaries of War and Navy, and our to one side at this time the subject of the Dumbarton Oaks blueprints which Chief of Staff, General Eisenhower, after universal military training, and I shall pointed the way to San Francisco. I fa­ making a careful survey of the. world focus my attention on what the immedi­ vored the efforts of the administration in situation, and acting in line with the ate issue is. The immediate issue, brief­ developing our international relation­ policies laid down by our Department ly stated, is whether we should carry on ships even before the war was over; I of State-and Mr. Byrnes appeared be­ for a relatively short, but definite, time favored the extension of the reciprocal fore us when we were having the hear­ our selective service policy as set forth in trade treaties, which seemed to me to ings and stated what our international the present Selective Service Act and in open · up opportunity for international policies were-advised us during the Senate bill S. 2057-the so-called Gurney trade which would be another milestone hearings that the minimum requirements bill. on the road to peace; I favored the Bret­ for our Army on July 1, 1946, will b~ In the minds of most of our people the ton Woods· monetary plan for the same 1,550,000 men, including officers. war is over, and I am deeply sympathetic reason, and of course I favored with en­ One year later, on July 1, 1947, Gen­ with the writers of the hundreds of let­ thusiasm the United Nations Charter eral Eisenhower estimates that our Army ters I have received who urge that we written at San Francisco. I shall con­ will need 1,070,000 men-a reduction of discontinue calling our boys into military tinue to favor all programs properly set approximately 500,000 men during the service. All of us would like to let them up for working with the other nations year. Corresponding figures show that return to their studies and to the prepa­ of the world in thiS postwar development. on July 1, 1947, the Navy will need 558,- ration for their life work, without asking I supported UNRRA. I am supporting 000 men and the Marine Corps will need them to go abroad, even for a limited the President in his appeal to relieve the 108,000 men. period of time, to serve in our armed famine situation. I supported Mr. In order that we might get away as forces. I feel that the argument is Hoover in his trip abroad to save the quickly as possible from the necessity of sound that there may be many who starving· peoples. I am supporting the continuing the drafting of our citizens '6126 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE JUNE 3 for military service, some months ago we further provided that the monthly req­ deal to me. I have a grandson who will established a system of voluntary en­ uisitions under the Selective Service Act be 18 years of age on the second day of listments in order to determine whether shall not exceed the number of men re­ next July. If the effective date of this we could obtain our personnel needs quired after consideration of the actual act is extended he will be one of those through volunteers. number of voluntary enlistments for the called. I asked him how he felt about I have received a great many letters 3 months preceding that in which the it. He and I are very close and he calls asking, in effect, "Why don't we have requisition is made. We afforded every me his pal. He said, "Pal, the only thing a voluntary system? Why draft the protection against inducting new men to do is to vote for the extension of this boys?" I wish to point out that we did who are registered unless our voluntary act. I want to serve and other boys in establish a voluntary system and did our systems fail. my school want to serve. We all want best to obtain men through the volun­ The real question of difficulty that has to meet whatever responsibilities we are tary route. That program was, at first, been presented to me in considering the confronted with at this time. If the 18- successful beyond expectation, and I . reenactment of our Selective Service Act year-olds were called a year ago, we want think if we could rely on the volunteer has been this problem of the 18-year­ to be called when our time comes." system to meet the minimum needs olds. On first consideration of this issue Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. Mr. Pres­ which I have already outlined, everyone my immediate instinct was to take men ident, will ,the Senator yield? would agree that the selective service of more mature years and give the Mr. SMITH. I yield. policy should not be continued ~ We younger boys a chance, at least, to get Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. I presume must bear in mind, however, that we their higher education under way before the Senator, in his very persausive speech have made a binding commitment .to being called to serve their country. I am to those youngsters, pointed out to them those in our armed forces who have been aware of the force of the argument that serving abroad since the ending of that the greatest service they could ren­ though the younger boys are not so well der their country in its defense would hostilities that they will be brought qualified for the obvious police duty they home as rapidly as they can be replaced. be to provide themselves with the very will be called upon to perform as are best education they can obtain; that the This presents immediately the replace­ men of more mature years. If it were ment problem if we are adequately to defense of the Nation does not depend possible to exempt these younger boys I entirely on foot soldiers, meet these responsibilities Which we have would want to do so. I have received but upon science assumed and which, as I said above, in­ literally thousands of letters from pa­ ·and work in the laboratories as well. clude our very special responsibility to rents urging that these youngsters be I presume that · the Senator also the UN. And it begins to be clear that exempted. pointed out to those boys that this Nation we cannot meet our needs by volunteers The problem which we face, howeveF, of 140 million people, with all its wealth, alone. is one of real practical difficulty. For has deteriorated to the point where it I have had some interesting corre­ the past few years we have been calling must depend on the high-school young­ spondence in connection with this sub­ the 18-year-old class as fast as it ma­ sters to defend its welfare. I presume ject. At first I received letters from tured, and all the young men of that age that the Senator pointed out to the boys parents who did not want the 18-year­ have been carefully considered, and the all those facts. old boys inducted. Now I received let­ maximum numbers from year to year Mr. SMITH. The Senator from Colo­ ters from parents asking why we do not have been inducted into the service. rado is correct. I pointed out those facts continue the Selective Service Act so that Many of these young men have now ma­ to the boys because at one time it was their boys who have been abroad for tured and many have served their full my privilege to be a member of the fac­ many months or even years can be reasonable quota of time in the Army ulty of Princeton University. I was a brought back home. and Navy. We must consider those who member there for several years and I The best judgment that the majority have served and think in terms of the have been urging upon the representa­ of our members on the Military Affairs necessary replacements in order to do tives of Selective Service the exemption Committee has been able to arrive at justice to all our GI boys. The fact of of promising young scientific groups, from the evidence placed before them the matter is that there is no other reser­ because their greatest service would be is that while there may be a possibility voir to draw on than the maturing 18- performed by remaining in the univer­ of our military and naval needs being year-olders if we are to meet the obliga­ sity and giving to their country of their filled by voluntary enlistments, the risk tions which we have assumed. scientific knowledge. I also pointed out to be taken in not continuing a selective The answer to my problem has been that the number inducted into the serv­ service policy is too great in light of our · given to me by these boys themselves. ice would be relatively small. I advised minimum commitments. We came to the As long ago as April 5 I was asked to them to remain in their schools wherever conc-lusion, therefore, that the policy meet with a carefully selected group of they could do so and qualify for service should be reenacted both as a stimulant high-school boys in my State who were among the scientific groups and others to voluntary enlistments, and also as a meeting at our State capital in Trenton requiring special training. . necessary refuge in the event we do not in connection with what we call our boy Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. I should get enough men by the volunteer route. legislature. Every year in New Jersey like to inquire further if the Senator Let me emphasize here that the reen­ a selected group of our high-school stu­ pointed out to those young men that in actment of the Selective Service Act will dents are chosen by their fellows to act all other categories of service, civil serv­ not increase the size of our Army one as a model legislature in studying the ice and everything else, our country is man over the figures already determined processes of legislating and the respon­ able to get all the employees it needs by by General Eisenhower and his staff. Nor sibilities of citizenship. In being asked paying wages commensurate with the will men registered under the Selective to address this group it seemed that the services required; that cities of New Service Act be inducted if the necessary most appropriate subject I could discuss · Jersey get all the policemen and firemen replacements can be furnished by volun­ with them was this subject of the reen­ they require merely because they are tary enlistments. The extension of the actment of the Selective Service Act. I willing to pay adequate compensation act, therefore, can be looked upon as an frankly presented to them the pros and for such services; that the only reason insurance rather than in any way an ex­ cons of the situation and asked them just why we have any difffculty getting 1nter­ pansion of our military policy. If we as frankly for expressions of their views. national police, or soldiers in the Army, can get men by the volunteer route, the I had the most amazing response. I re­ is because this great and powerful and men who are now being registered will ceived from those boys the most warm­ rich Nation of ours refuses to pay the not be inducted into service unless they hearted expressions of enthusiasm in ex­ price of such services, and has to resort are absolutely needed. pecting and wanting to do their share in to drafting, merely to save a few paltry In order that there might be no mis~ meeting the responsibilities of our coun­ dollars to all the people of this country. understanding as to what our policy is, try at this time. It was a most hearten­ I wonder if the Senator emphasized that we have written into the act, as reported ing experience, and I felt that I would be fact. by the committee, and now· under con­ · on sound ground in asking them to coop­ Mr. SMITH. I did not emphasize it sideration, a limitation on the size of our erate with their Government in meeting quite as eloquently as has the distin­ Army on July 1, 1946 and July 1, 1947, this pressing need. guished Senator from Colorado, but I am with a provision for a decrease month by I may add, Mr. President, that in my still of the opinion that we have to think month during the coming year. We have own personal case this means a great the matter through carefully, because I 1946 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 6127 am not convlnced in my own mind that I thank the Senator very much for his These policies are all embodied in the the mere ofiering of larger salaries will observation, because I think it helps bill under discussion, and in addition result in our getting all the men we need. bring out some of the questions we had thereto we have added a provision cov­ If so, we will get them because the pro­ before us, and some of the questions the ering increase of pay, to the end that vol­ gram which is being advocated here, and Senate will have to decide in extending untary enlistments may be more attrac­ which will be presented by the distin­ the Selective Service Act. tive. This we hope will reduce the num­ guished Senator from South Dakota In light of the situation which exists, ber of draftees actually i:p.ducted into the more fully with regard to increases of and in light of the magnificent expres­ service. pay, is aimed at getting the maximum sion from the chosen representatives of In my recent exchange with the Sena­ number of volunteers we can secure. If this group in my own State, I have come tor from Colorado, I pointed out that we can get . our men by the voluntary to the conclusion that we are not only there were a number of different plans route, we Will not need to take boys by justified in asking this group to respond, for pay increases which will be discussed the draft. It was explained that we in­ but that we will have their enthusiastic later in connection with the final pas­ tended to increase the salaries, and to support. sage of the bill, and of course I am whole­ get as many as we could by the volun­ I say that recognizing, as the Senator heartedly in favor of pay adjustments so teer route. My point in talking to these from Colorado has said, that being young that this service can be made one of the boys was that, having done all we could men, and not having had wide experi­ most dignified and one of the most fairly to get them by the volunteer route, if ence, perhaps, they should not be given paid services of the Government. there was still a deficiency, then by the credit for the same judgment as more I wish to assure my colleagues in the extension of the Selective Service Act mature men, but they do have the en­ Senate, and my constituents in my· own there would be opportunity to give ex­ thusiasm of youth, and a willingness to State of New Jersey, tha.t this vitally im­ pression to their wholehearted purpose serve, and I feel we can trust these 18- portant matter of national policy has to see to it that the United States take year-old boys if they are called upon to been given the most careful study by ev­ its position of leadership, and bring serve. ery member of our committee. There about the cooperatiOn of all the peoples As a matter of fact, all these young­ have been disagreements in the commit- . of the world to preserve the peace. That sters will not be inducted. It is esti­ tee on various questions, but I have never was what caught their imagination, and mated that, taking the country as a had an experience that was so stimulat­ that is what catches the imagination of whole, approximately 1,200,000 become ing to me as to find every member of the . all young men of 18, to take all the rrep­ 18 years of age each year, and as our committee interested in discovering the aration they can get, and then to be demands will probably not exceed 150,- right answer to our problem. assigned to the occupation in which they 000, something less than 15 percent will We have reviewed in detail all the esti­ will be most helpful to their country. be called upon actually to serve. For mates of our military and naval authori- · :Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. If the this reason, in response to questions from ties and others as to the actual needs for Senator will yield further, I am sure of parents and boys themselves as to manpower. We have all favored the ex­ the patriotism of our youngsters. There whether they should continue their stud­ tension of the benefits of Army life in can be no question about it. Whether ies irrespective of the possibility of their order to attract volunteers. I have felt .their judgment is sound as to whether being called in the draft, I have advised it important, in thus explaining my posi­ they should prefer military service, or them all to continue their studies. I was tion, to make it clear to those who are international police service, to books, supported in this position at the hearings primarily affected-both the young men and to laboratories, and to science­ before our committee. I asked the spe­ who may be drafted and their parents­ whether their judgment is mature on cific question of both Secretary i>atterson the reason why we are taking this im­ that point I have some question. and General Eisenhower as to what their portant step. I hope this approach to advice would be to young men in this B~fore the day is over I hope the Sen­ the matter will be understood by those ator from New Jersey will have an op­ position, and both of them said they who have written me on the subject, and portunity to vote for an amendment to would give the same advice that I had who obviously are somewhat confused as the pending measure which will increase given; namely, that these .boys should go to what the real issues are. Let me re­ the pay schedules of the privates, the ahead with their plans, but simply be peat, in recommending the extension of volunteers we need so desperately. in the prepared to answer the call if the call the act for this limited period we are not Army, an amendment which will be of­ came to them personally. in any way endorsing or establishing a fered by the senior Senator from Wiscon­ I may say, in line with the policy which policy of universal military training. sin [Mr. LA FoLLETTE] and myself, to in­ I understand is the policy of the War It was with real reluctance that I per­ crease the pay of these privates 50 per­ Department, to exempt from active mili­ sonally came to the conclusion that the cent. I sincerely hope that Senators tary service those who show scientific act must be extended. This was a par­ who are saying, and who keep repeating talent, that many of these boys will be ticularly hard decision for me, because on this floor, that we have done every­ told that their best service will be in the for some years, as I have said, I was con­ thing we can do to get volunteers, and laboratories in some of our institutions nected with Princeton University, and, that we have met with nothing but fail­ of learning, where they can render better therefore, one of my primary interests ure, will go along with us in this pro­ service to the country than if they actu­ has been the education of our younger posal, and see if we cannot get the vol­ ally went into the military camps. generation. It is difficult for me to en­ unteers, if we are willing to pay what In the course of the hearings before dorse a national policy which calls upon the Military Affairs Committee, we de­ our young men, just at the moment when the service is worth. cided that the term of the men to be Mr. SMI':PH. Certainly I am agreed called under the Selective Service Act they are about to enter on their more ad­ that we must work out our pay schedules should be limited to 18 months, so that vanced studies, to accept responsibility in a way to make the service as attrac­ even if called and asked to serve, their to be on call to help out country meet its tive as possible, and give full compensa­ education would be interfered with as international obligations. But I have tion for the services rendered. I under­ little as possible. Furthermore, we de­ come to the conclusion that our country stand that there are a number of differ­ cided that there should be a fixed date and our international responsibilities are ent proposals relating to the pay sched­ for termination of the act, and this date the primary considerations. ules. We will have to choose between in the bill has been fixed as May 15, 1947. To me the issue has become clear-cut them, and I am open to the arguments This will make it necessary for us to con­ and very challenging. It is whether we concerning them. There are some who sider 1 year hence what policy should be will or will not take a definite stand for think the pay particularly of the men in adopted at that time in light of the then the all-out support of the United Na­ the lower brackets should be raised, and existing world situation. tions organization and the effectiveness some think the Army should be made a I emphasize that so that no one will of the Security Council. The world at career by providing higher pay for the get the impression that we are adopting this moment is looking toward the United officers. I think there is legitimate dif­ a continuing selective service plan. We States to see whether we are serious in ference of opinion, and I am convinced are merely taking the situation as we our announced intention to cooperate to the Senate will work out a program for find it, and extending the act for the preserve the peace of the ,-... orld. We giving inducement to men to volunteer, period that seems to be necessary to meet; have demobilized our Army so rapidly and make the Army a worth-while career. our immediate responsibilities. - that the question arises whether we will CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE JUNE 3 have the necessary strength to take care to maintain that leadership we must be Mr. TYDINGS. Mr. President, will the of our obvious commitments. prepared to make the necessary sacrifices Senator yield? Members of this distinguished body are that the reenactment of the Selective Mr. GURNEY. I yield. about to go abroad again with the Secre­ Service Act entails for the moment. We Mr. TYDINGS. The Senator has an­ tary of State to participate in the draft­ in the Congress are about to ask our ticipated my question, namely, Would ing of the peace settlements, and I can young people to serve their country in the remainder of the day be taken up imagine nothing more important than fulfilling its present international obliga­ with the discussion of the bill or would for the Secretary of State, the Senator tions. Our young people are justified in we take up something else? . I suppose from Michigan [Mr. VANDENBERG], and doing this as the country which they are the Senator has conferred with the Dem­ the Senator from Texas [Mr. CoNNALLY] about to serve is not only worth their ocratic leader. to go to those conferences with the as­ serving and worth preserving, but it is Mr. GURNEY. Yes; and I understand surance that we in the Congress of the the hope of mankind throughout the he is compelled to leave town very shortly. United States are prepared to give them world. Mr. TYDINGS. I was about to say the firm support they need for carrying Mr. GURNEY. Mr. President, while I that we can all put in .a very profitable out our policies. was on my feet a while ago I received an afternoon in our own offices. Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. Mr. inquiry from the Senator from Illinois Mr. GURNEY. I am sure we· can. I President, will the Senator yield? [Mr. BROOKS] concerning the strength of am, therefore, prepared to move that the Mr. SMITH. I yield. the Army at three different dates, on VE­ Senate-- Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. Does the day, 1945, on VJ-day, 1945, and the Mr. SALTONSTALL. Mr. President, Senator from New Jersey believe that strength of the Army now. The Senator will the Senator yield to me for a mo­ any Member of the Senate or of the Con­ also asked for information respecting the ment? gress as a whole will not stand back of number of officers and the number of en­ Mr. GURNEY. I yield. the flag of the United States with full listed men, the two categories to be stated Mr. SALTONSTALL. I should like to force and effect, with all our treasure and separately. It is impossible for me to ob­ ask the Senator, from Maryland [Mr. all our manpower? Does the Senator tain the figure as to the number of men TYDINGS], who is acting as the majority think that anyone needs any further as­ on the exact VE- and VJ-days, but I do leader at the moment, and who is also surance of our determination to stand have the figures for May 31, 1945, August a member of the District of Columbia back of the Stars and Stripes come what 31, 1945, and May 20, 1946. I should like Committee, if it would be agreeable that may? to have the information printed in the I call up for consideration at this time, Mr. SMITH. Of course not. I agree RECORD at this point in accordance with under a unanimous-consent agreement, with the implications of the Senator's the request made by the Senator from two bills affecting the District of Colum­ question; but it is my ve:ry strong feeling Illinois. bia, which it is very necessary to have that the reenactment of the Selective Mr. BROOKS. Will the Senator be passed before July 1. Service Act at this time will give to the kind enough to read the figures for the Mr. TYDINGS. Mr. President, will the world an assurance that we are all united, information of the Senate now? Senator name them, so we can see which that we are not divided, that we are going Mr. GURNEY. I am very glad to read bills he has in mind? ahead, that we are going to support the the figures. Mr. SALTONSTALL. I will do so in United Nations organization and our On May 31, 1945, approximately 11 a moment. commitments to it. That is what I mean. percent of the armed strength of the Mr. GURNEY. Mr. President, I may It is not any reflection on us. It is mere­ Army consisted of officers. The figures say that if the unfinished business is tem­ ly my feeling that we can show a united were: Officers, 892,000; enlisted men, porarily laid aside it must be done by front and that we are going to support 7,399,000; total strength of the Army, unanimous consent, with the agreement the Secretary of State with this concrete 8,291,000. that we will return to consideration of eviqence of our united support. . August 31, 1945, approximately 11 per­ Senate bill2057 at noon tomorrow. Oth­ Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. Mr. cent of the armed strength was made up erwise, I would be compelled to object. President, will the Senator yield further? of officers, the. number being 885,000 offi­ Mr. TYDINGS. That would be the un­ Mr. SMITH. I yield. cers, and 7,125,000 enlisted men; total derstanding. Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. Does the strength, 8,010,000 men and officers. Senator know of any request coming from On May 20, 1946, the latest date for AMENDMENT OF DISTRICT ALLEY the United Nations as to what they may which I could secure the figures, the offi­ DWELLING ACT expect or want from the United States cer strength was approximately 13 per­ Mr. SALTONSTALL. Mr. President, I in the way of military strength? . cent. Officers 250,000; enlisted men, 1,- have just discussed with the Senator Mr. SMITH. No; I do not think we · 710,000; total strength of the Army, from Maryland the two bills, Calendar have had a definite indication as yet, but 1,960,000. No. 1400, Senate bill 2218, and Calendar the reenactment of the Draft Act will in­ I will say to the Senator from Illinois No. 1401, Senate bill 5718. The title of dicate that we are prepared to do what­ that I hope to be able to give him what Senate bill 2218 is to amen1 the District ever we are asked to do in their behalf. I the actual officer strength will be as com­ of Columbia Alley Dwelling Act, approved understand from talking with officials of pared with the enlisted men in the Army June 12, 1934, as amenC:.ed. My reason, the Government that this program would on July 1, 1946. Mr. President, for asking to call up that seem to be adequate to take care of what­ Mr. President, it is evident that no bill out of order, and asking unanimous ever our commitments may be to the other Senator at the moment is prepared consent for immediate action upon it is United Nations. to continue the discussion. it has to do with the so-called slum clear­ · The whole world is in a state of con­ Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. If the ance act of the District of Columbia, fusion. Millions of people are faced with Senator states that the discussion is con­ which will expire on June 30 of this year. starvation from famine. Law and order cluded, he is mistaken. · The bill would extend the act for 1 year. cannot be maintained without an ade­ Mr. GURNEY. No; I did not say that. If the act is not extended all the various quate police force. Our problem is care­ I was about to remark that it was appar­ alley dwellers will have to move out of fully to appraise our responsibilities and ent·that there was no Senator presently their alley dwellings. The Senate has then determine what force will be neces­ prepared to discuss the bill. Quite a passed the so-called slum clearance bill, sary to meet those responsibilities if we number of Senators are out of town, but but the House has not as yet acted upon are not to let the UN. down. The ex­ will return tomorrow. I am informed it. The House has acted upon this bill, tension of the draft is in no sense a call that there has been a general under­ and it is necessary for the Senate to act to arms for militaristic purposes or for standing there will be no vote of conse­ upon it. For that reason I ask unani­ expanding our power throughout the quence on the bill today, and relying on mous consent for the present considera­ world. It is merely an insurance that we that understanding some Senators have tion of the bill. will be able to contribute the minimum left town. If no other Senator is pre­ The PRESIDING OFFICER to amend the District of Colum­ gestion of the Senator; but it would help tucky limit his request to the claims bia Alley Dwelling Act, approved June the situation if we did nothing but pass bills? 12, 1934, as amended, was considered, or­ claims bills. Mr. BARKLEY. There may be some dered to be engrossed for a third reading, Mr. REVERCOMB. That would be other bills which could be passed on the read the third time, and passed, as fol­ fine; but some of us would be placed in call of the calendar. If any Senator lows: the position of having to object when, wishes to .object on the ground that he Be it enacted, etc., That section 4 (b) of upon a review of the hill, possibly we has not familiarized himself with a bill, the act known as the District of Columbia. would not wish to object. A day's notice there will be no harm in that. It calls Alley Dwelling Act, approved June 12, 1934, would give us an opportunity to review for no criticism. · as amended, be further amended to read those bills. Mr. REVERCOMB. I may say that as follows: Mr. GURNEY. Mr. President, will the certain other Senators and I have been "(b) On and after July 1, 1947, it shall be unlawful to use or occupy any alley building' Senator yield? charged with the duty, as members of or structure as a dwelling in the District · Mr. BARKLEY. There are 12 or 15 the minority, of considering bills before of Columbia." pages of bills on the calendar. It seems a call of the calendar, so that Senators SEC. 2. That section 6 of such act, as like a waste of time to take a recess ·at may be advised of their contents. That amended, be further amended by striking this hour, when we could dispose of cannot be done when the calendar is "1946'' and inserting in lieu thereof " 1947." perhaps hundreds of such bills, to which called without notice. It places us in LIQUIDATION OF WASHINGTON RAILWAY there would be no objection. the position of objecting when perhaps . . & ELECTRIC CO. Mr. GURNEY. Mr. President, will the otherwise we would not object. Senator yield? Mr. BAR~LEY. I have no way of Mr. SALTONS~ALL. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent for the present Mi'. BARKLEY. I yield. knowing when any Senator has gone consideration of House bill 5718, Calen­ Mr. GURNEY. I wish to let the ma­ through the calendar on his own, or as jority leader know that I am perfectly a representative .of other Senators. It dar No. 1401, a bill to facilitate the willing to proceed with the considera­ liquidatjon of Washington Railway & is not always possible to give a day's Electric Co. tion of the selective service bill. We notice, or 2 days' notice. During the have reached the point where I know This bill has passed the House. It past few weeks we could not have given carries out the principle of liqUidation that some Senators are out of the city, notice that we intended to take up the and others who are vitally interested in calendar. We found no time when we of holding companies. The Washing­ the bill are leaving the city. They ex­ ton Railway & Electric Co. is a holding could take it up. We no,-.r have a breath­ company which holds the assets of the pect to return .tomorrow. ing spell of 2 or 3 hours, in which time Potomac Electric Power Co. and one of Mr. BARKLEY. I think that is true. - we might dispose of a large number of the street railroad companies in the city. It is fair to say that there was a gen­ bills. eral feeling that there would l;>e no vote It has no other assets. The bill has the Mr. REVERCOMB. For the same rea­ approval of the Securities and Exchange ' today on the bill. son that we have not taken up the calen­ Commission. I understand also that the Mr. GURNEY. That is correct. dar, because of our day and night ses­ Public Utilities Commission of the Dis­ Mr. BARKLEY. It was felt that, as sions, none of us, so far as I know, has trict of Columbia approves it. So far as usually happens, there would be a day been able to study these bills. :J: know, there is no objection whatever or so of general discussion, and that we Mr. BARKLEY. Mr. President, I ask to the bill. would not reach a vote on the bill or on unanimous consent that the Senate pro­ The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there any of the amendments until tomorrow. ceed to -the call of the calendar insofar objection to the· request of the Senator For that reason, I myself did not feel like as bills representing claims against the from Massachusetts? . urging that we attempt to drive the bill Government, to which there is no objec­ There being no objection, the bill to a vote today, or even attempt to vote tion; are concerned.

unanimous consent for the present con- Oreg., for some other site for the pur:- SHEPPARD, Mr. WHITTEN, Mr. DIRKSEN1 1946 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SEN-1\ TE 6131

Mr. PLUMLEY, and Mr. H. CARL ANDERSEN Mr. MAYBANK. Mr. President, l Mr. MAYBANK. - I understand the were appointed managers on the part .of reatire that it is necessary, at times, for reasons as well as does the Senator from the House at the conference. Senators to be absent from the city. I south Dakota. The message also· ann{)unced that the very well realize, also. that we a1-e oon­ Mr. WHITE. Mr. ~resident1 I make House had passed a bill 5'7, the so-called draft Mr. LUCAS. Mr. President, the Com­ The PRESIDING QFFICER. The bHl. I have received telegrams and let­ merce Committee needs some additional present occupant of the chair was in the ters from many men in the armed forces funds, and I am interested in having it Chamber when it was agreed to post­ · and others who desire consideration of obtain them. However, I suppose the pone considerati-on of the bill, but was and action on the biB; but, instead of matter can wait. not in the chair. doing that, we are laying it aside in order Mr. TAFT. Mr. President, I suggest Mr. MAYBANK. I may say to the to take up the calendar. that even for the purpose of the call of present occupant -of the chair that I also While I have no further objection to the calendar on claims bills a quorum have been present in the Chamber most Il_lake, I wish it to be kn9wn, in order should be present. It seems to me that of the day. that there may be. no misunderstanding most Senators have believed that the The PRESIDING OF.FICER. Very of my attitude on .the part of other dis­ Senate would consider only the draft biB well; then the Senator knows the pro­ tingui~bed Members of this body, who this afternoon. So it seems to me that cedure which was suggested. may possibly disagree with me. that it even if we are merely to consider the Mr. MAYBANK. I understand that, was my understanding, as wen as the claims bills on the calendar a quorum ..Mr. President, but it does not satisfy understanding of the Senator from South should be present. some of us. I should like to know from Dakota [Mr. GURNEY], on last Saturday, The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the Senator from South Dakota [Mr. when we deferred consideration of the the Senator suggest the absence of a GURNEY] why we do not proceed with draft extensi-on bill in order to consider quorum? · . the consideration of the draft-extension the bill on the subject of atomic energy. Mr. TAFT. I do, Mr. President. bill. and the Department of Agriculture ap­ The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Mr. GURNEY. Mr. President- propriation bill, the draft bill would be clerk will call the roll. Mr. WHITE. Mr. President; a parlia­ made the regular order of business today. The Chief Clerk called the roll, and mentary inquiry·. While I realize that consideration of any the following Senators answered to their . The PRESIDING OFFICER The subject before tbe Senate may be set names: Senator will state it. aside by unanimous consent, and while it Aiken Hayden O'Mahoney Mr. WHITE. Have we not now agreed been my Andrews Hickenlooper Overton may have fault on last Satur­ Austin Hoey P.apper by unanimous consent to proceed with day in not insisting that the Senate pro­ Ball Huffman · Radcliffe the call of the calendar? ceed to the consideration of the draft Barkley Johnson, Colo. Reed bill, the members of the armed services Briggs Johnston, S. C. Revercomb The PRESIDING OFFICER. Such a Brooks Kilgore Robertson request was made and agreed to. · of the United States, who have served Buck Knowland Russell Mr. MAYBANK. I understand that, long and faithfully, are entitled to know Bushfield La Follette Saltonstall that something will be done with this bill, Byrd Langer Shipstead but I should like to know the reason why Capehart Lucas Sntith Senate bill 2057 was laid aside. so that they as well as members of their Connally McCarran Stanfill Mr. GURNEY. Mr. President, if I families may know what to expect in the Cordon McClellan Stewart months to come. Donnell McFarland Taft may be allowed to tinswer the Senator, Downey McKellar Thomas, Okla. I will say that I was informed that word Mor.eover, Mr. President, the matter is Eastland McMahon Tunnell had been given out that no vote on the of very great importance to young men Ellender Magnuson Tydings of 18 and 19 years of age. Ferguson Maybank Vandenberg bill or any amendments to it would be Fulbright Mead Wagner had this afternoon, and that many Sen­ Mr. President, I feel very keenly about · George Millikin WaJsh ators had left town. After a conversa­ this matter. Perhaps I am unduly wor­ Gerry Mitchell Wheeler ried, but I hope that, inasmuch as the bill Green Moore Wherry tion with the majority leader on the fuor Gu1l'ey Murdock White a few minutes ago it was decided that it has been temporarily laid aside until Gurney Murray Wiley would be wise at the present time tem­ tomorrow, the distinguished majority Hart O'Daniel Wi.lson porarily to lay aside further considera­ leader will keep th.e Senate in session not The PRESIDING OFFICER CMr. TuN­ tion of the selective-service bill until to­ only tomorrow but tomorrow night, if NELL in tlre chair). Seventy-five Senators morrow. Otherwise, I am sure the Sen­ necessary, in order to dispose of the bill have answered to their names. A quorum ator from South Carolina understands The PRESIDING OFFICER. The is present. the reasons as well as I do. Chait will state that unanimous consent 6132 CONG~ESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE JUNE 3 was granted to proceed with tbe call of amendment, on page 1, line- 5, after the ALBERT R. PERKINS : ·c~aims bills on the calendar. The clerk words '.'sum of,'' to strike out "$1,186" The bill (H. R. 4647) for the relief of will proceed with the call. and insert "$2,500." Albert R. Perkins was considered, or­ MRS. MARY M. WOLF The amendment was agreed to. dered to ·a third reading, read the third The amendment was ordered to be en­ time, and passed. The bill (H. R. 1229) for the relief of grossed and the bill to be read a third Mrs. Mary M. Wolf was considered, or­ time. DAP:tiNEWEBB dered to a third reading, read the third The bill was read the third time and The bill (H. R. 2569) for the relief' of time, and passed. passed. Daphne Webb was considered, ordered JAMES R. VAUGHAN MRS. LUTHER S. SYKES to a third reading, read the third time, and passed. The bill

CITY OF ~AN DIEGO, TEX. HENRIETTA SILK money in the Treasury not otherwise ap­ propriated, to the said Harold H. Rhodes (1) The bill

XSecom:f Lt. Ji.arald Halsey; Dunwoodiy", In~ XSeeoild Lt. Reading WHkfn.son, Jr., Coast XSecond Lt . .James Douglas Langstat!, Jr., fantry (temporary captail!l). Artillery Corps (temporary captain}. Coast Artillery Col'}!>S (tempor111ry first lieu­ Se.cond Lt. Clarence Walter E.icbmond, Jr., XSeeo-nd Lt. Paul James Reinhaltel', Field te:na:nt}. Infantry (tempm!ary fus.t HeuteD.alnt). · Artillery (temporary captain). Second Lt. Thoma& EUgene McCabe, Air Seeomt Lt. Samuel Wrtght Jenkins, Infan­ XSe€ond- Lt. Thomas Huntington Brl!lwn, Air . Cor/Ms (temporary eaptain). · try (temporar,y first Ueut:enant). . Corps ( temporaFy captain) . Second "Lt. Rabert Hamilton Mattox, Jr., XSecondl L.t. Rabat Duga-ld MeC1ure, Air XSe€ond Lt. Preston Warham Easley, Ah' Coas11 Artillery Co~ (temporary captain). Corps (temporary captain). Corps (temporary captaim.). Second Lt. Quintus C. Atkinson 5th, In­ Second Lt. Kall'l Everett W€>li, Infantry X Secl'ps ~temporary captain). Corps (temporary carptaim}. Corps (temporary captain) . Second Lt. Heston Charles Cole, Air Corps :X Second Lt. Gemr:ge Bett&, Coast Artillery Second Lt. Edmund Augustus Wright, .Jr., (temp~rau-y captain). Cozp!> ~temptilrary capta1n)• . . Air Corps (temporary captain). ; Second Lt . .Tvhn Henry Nelson, Infantry XSecond Lt. Peter Jolla Ryan, Signal Corps Second Lt. Robert Duncan MacGregor Ran­ (temporary fust Uentenant). (temporary major). dall, Air Corps (temporary captain). Szcond· Lt. Max Veme Talbot, Jr., Coast Second Lt. Ha.mld Willli.am W0odson, Air >rary captain). ' Second Lt. Bernard Joseph Dyla, Coast AJ.:­ XSeeond Lt. Hatty Langdon Reeder, h., ln­ · Second Lt. WiFli!am Lawrence Bibby, In­ til1ery· Corps (temporary captain). fantry (temporary first llieutena:nt). fantry (temporary captalin). Second Lt. Ralph E'dga~r Young, Coast Ar-­ · SecondLt_ Wtllfam JCI)seph Da.ner, Air Co:rps X Second Lt. Austin J'ames Ca:nnmg, J"r., tme:ry Corps. (tempmary captain.}, (temporary captain). Field Artillery (temporary ca:ptain). Second' Lt. Norman Jay Keefe11, Jr., Air Seeond Lt. Herschel DeMent Hughes, AiF XSeeond Lt. Mffi31rd! Othello Anderson, Air Carps (temporary first lieutenant}. Corps (temporary captain). Corpu EtempoFa:ry captain). Second Lt. William Holmes Tomlinson, Second Lt. Paul Leonard Steinre-, Ail Corps X Second Lt. Louts Sterling Franeisca, Coast Coast ArtiUery Cm:ps (temporary captain). (temporary captain). Artillery Corps (temporary first lietrtenant). X Second Lt.. Charles Spieth, Jr., .Air CoPps Second Lt. Ralph Jumm- Hallenbeck, Air Becond Lt. Jack Patrfck Loughman, Field ttemporary captain}_ Co:rps ( tempcrary captain) . Artillery (temporary captain1. X Second Lt. Zaccheus camp Richardson, Air Second Lt. John Roger Kullman, Air Corps Second Lt. Edward Anthony Kreml, Coast Corps (temporary captain)_ (temporary captain;. Artillery Corps (temporary first liEitztenal'lt) . S~cond Lt. Norman Horace Firisoie, Air X Second Lt. Eaton Artbur Gorelangton, ltiF X Seeol'ld Lt. William Worthington Cover~ Corps (temporary captain). CO~ (temporary fu"st Ue-atenant). Field Artillery (temporary :first lieutenant). S3cond Lt. GoJidon Hall Steele, Jr.r Air Second Lt. John William Rawlings, J r., Air Seeoncf Lt. Paul J'm:eph Hurrey, Air Cor~s Corps (temporary captain). Corps Etempc:m-ary captain}. (temporary ma:for)'. X S£cond Lt. Louis. Branton Umlauf., Jr., Second Lt. John Patrick Schatz, Signal Seeond Lt. Herold J acob Sa;ine, Infantry, Coast Artme:ry Corps. (temporary captain). Corp& (temporary captain). (temporary c:rpta:in). Second Lt. William .Tohn. Welsb, Jr.r In­ X Second Lt. William Emnest PulQS, Field Seeond Lt. Warren Robert Hecker, Infantry fantry (temporary captafnl. Artillery (tempcrary captain). (temporary capta:in} . Second Lt. Edmund Francis O'Connor. Air . Second Lt. Douglas Francis Parham, Coast" · Secm1d Lt. Albert Carl Hegenberger, Air Corps (temporary captam). Al'tiUe:ryr Corps (temp:may first lieutenant). Corps (temporary first lieutenant). Second Lt. Basi! Dellillfs Spaldfng, Jr.. Coast Second Lt. James. Donald Kidder, Infantry Second Lt. Joseph William Weyrick. First Artill'ery Corps (temporar:¥ first lieutenant.}. (temporary ca.i)tain). Artillery (temporary first lieutenant}. S3cond Lt. Ste.w8Jl.t Shephel1d GLffin, Jr., X Second Lt. Ednwnd Harvey O'Urcun1, Coast Seeond Lt. Ettward Burke Bmdett, .Air C'a:rst Artillery Corps (temporary first ·lieu­ Ariillery Corps {tempo.ra:ry first lieutenant). Corps (temporary captain}. tenant~. X Second Lt. EdwaFd Je:n!)m.e Hertel, Air Second' Lt. Edward Wel'rege Cutler, Ail: X Second ILt. Epward Fondren Shaffer, Jr.~ Corps.- (temporaFy captain}. Corps (temporary catptain}. Coast Artil'lerj Corps (temporary fi.rfit lieu­ X Second Lt. Thomas: Terrell Jackson, .Air XSeeondl Lt. Joseph Harry Eastmead~ Infan­ tenant,. C~rps (temporary captain). try (temporary first heutena:nt~. X Second Lt. Walter Leo. Roe, Coast Artillery X Second Lt. Johin Hiley Cobb, Jr., Infantry Second Lt. John Russell Ll'oycf, Jr., Field Corps {temp<>rary captain}. (temporary first lieutenant). Artillery (temporary first lieutenant). · XS~cond Lt. Alton Martin Sll.ipstead,. Coast Second Lt. Jack Kenneth McG!'egor, Air Second Lt. Dale Sidney SWeat, Air Corps Artfliey Corps (temporary fus.t li.eutenant}. Corps (temporary first lieutenant). (temporary captain). Second Lt. Edward .Tulius Renth, .Ir., Air Second Lt. James Walter Pbilltps:p Field X Second Lt. Marvin Edward Child's • . Air Corps (temporary captain)_ _ Artillery (tempo11ary captain). Corps (temporary maJor). , Se.eo.ncil: :Lt. Joseph Francis Boyle. CBast Ar­ XSecond Lt. John Bell Hudson, Ab! Cowps. Second Lt. Hetcher Read Veach, Jr.., Infan­ tillery Corps (temporary fust lieutenan-t}. (temporary major). try (temporary first lieutenant). Second Lt. Arthur Joseph Lacoutme, Jr., Seecmd Lt. .James K-mykel'ld2'Jii Wad'e. Coast Second Lt. Edgar Jesse Fredericks, Infantry Artillery Corps (tempora.fj cap.tain}. Coast Artillery Corps (temporary eaptain). (temporary captain). Second Lt. Ronald Dennis Cullen, Air OE>:rps . Second Lt. 'J'h()Dl3;s Simons. Ga:nett 3d, Air X Second Lt. Robert Galbreath Gad'd, Coast Corps (tempol'all'y captain). (temporary captain}. Artillery· Corps (temporary :first lieutenant}. S3cond Lt.-.Tames Harvey Short, ·ln:liant:ry Se-cond Lt. Ri.ehard. Hug]l Hmuser, Air Corps Second Lt. Edward Ryan Cleary, Infantry (temporary captain). (temporary captain}. (temporary, captain). ' XSecond Lt. Russell Lowell Maughan, Jli., x.Seecm(l U. AE.thony Heruy Ric bard,. Jr .. Air Second Lt. Henry Grady Moz:gan, Jr., Infan­ Corps (temporary first lieutenant1. Air Corps (temporary captain) . ' try (temporary · first lieutenant). Second Lt. John CharJes Plebes, Air Corps x Secomd Lt. Albert Murray Ems,. Coast Artil­ Second Lt . .Joseph Henry Rosness. Air Corps lery Cbrps- (tempo:ra:ry fu--st lieutenant,. (temporary first lieutenant). (temporary major). · Second Lt. Thomas Archer Beckett, Air Second Lt. Luther Walker Hough, .Tr., Air Second Lt. Allen Wy;al'lt Gullion, J'i:r., Air Corps (temporary captarn). Corps (temporary m.aj.or). Corps (temporaFy cap1;ain). Second Lt. Mark Mayo Boatner 3d, Infan­ -Second Lt. John Bowler Hull, Infantry ' Seeond Lt. .Jack Teague, Field Artillery try (temporary captain}. (temporary captain). (temporary captain). Second Lt. Phil Roy Phelps, Jr., Infantry. X Second Lt. Donald Joseph Jalbert. Coast S3eond Lt. Donal'd Salmon Dargue, Aii (temporary first lieutenant). Artillery Corps (temporary captain). Corps (temporary captain). Second Lt. William Bradford Dudley, AiT XSecond Lt. Willtam Cleveland Deekle, Jr., Second Lt. Eroer- Eugene Simpson, Air Corps Corps (temporary captain). Infantry (temporary captain). (temporary ca:ptai:n). Second Lt. D::de Fletcher McGee, Jr., In­ · St lieutenant ). Second lot. William Wayne S!ravely, Ail: S3rond Lt. David Gibbon Schwartz, Air ' Secmnd Lt. William Bruce Arnold', Coast Corps (temporary major). Corps (temporary captain). Artillery Corps {temporary captainy. 1946 CONGRESSIONAL R.ECORD-SENATE 6153 Second Lieutenant Paul Joseph Curtin, To be lieutenant colonel Richard M. Taylor Harry Hunter, Jr. Coast Artillery Corps (temporary captain). Maj. Arthur Letcher Irons, DentaF Corps Robert L. Toombs, Jr. Robe.rt K ing, Jr. X Second Lt. James Francis Keenan, Coast (temporary Ueut_enant colonel), with rank Milton C. Cargm, Jr. Joseph F. Kirby, Jr. Artillery Corps (temporary captain). from June 22, 1946, subject to examination James K. Dant Lenbrew E. Lovette Second Lt. Robert Alvin Hersberger, Air · required by law. Richard H. Griebel William G. Lowndes Corps (temporary captain). Clyde M. Hardy Willis Lutz To be major James M. Hayes James H. Magill To be first lieutenant with rank from June Capt. Arthur Nicholas Kracht, Dental 3, 1946 Norman W. Hicks Hugh L. Marsh Corps (temporary major), with rank from Curtis A. James, Jr. John B. Mason Second Lt. Edgar Knowles Parks, Jr., Air June is, 1946. John B. Jeremiah Lyle S. McCabe Corps (temporary major). PHARMACY CORPS Charles "P" Kidd John McCabe To be first lieutenant with rank from June To be major William F. Koehnlein Alfred F. McCaleb, Jr. 11, 1946 Winslow E. Lewis John J. McShane Capt. Wilfred Arthur Emond, Pharmacy ·x Second Lt. Bruce Wilds Postlethwaite Ed­ Delmar W. Maddox Otis ·E. Millenbine Corps (temporary lieutenant colonel), with Gordon E. Nelson Donald C. Mitchell gerton, Air Corps (temporary first lieuten­ rank from June 18, 1946. ant). William J. Noonan Lawrence E. Mock, Jr. To be captain Jacob M. Pearce, Jr. Edgar A. Monroe To be first lieutenant with rank from June Lester F. Reid Cornelius T. Montgom- 17, 19(6 First Lt. Elliott Powell Rig,sby, Pharmacy Corps (temporary major), with rank from Billy H. Snyder ery, Jr. Second Lt. Frank Peter Br€'itenbach, Coast June 3, 1946, subject to examination re­ Edmund Valdes Gene "W" Morrison Artillery Corps (temporary captain) . quired by law. Paul A. Vnencak Roger A. Morris PROMOTIONS IN THE REGULAR ARMY OF THE Marvin D. Volkert Robert J . Morrison IN THE NAVY UNITED STATES John A. Waters George E. Mouzakis Robert N. Barker to be an Wilbur H. Youngman, Thomas H. Nic-hols, Jr. MEDICAL CORPS in the Navy from ·the 5th day of June-. Jr. Donald A. Panska To be majors 1946 in lieu of appointment as an assistant Christian C. Lee William C. Parker, Jr. Capt. Albert Alfred Biederman, Medical paymaster in the Navy with the rank of en­ Allan H. Ringblom Burton s. Pearsan Corps (temporary colonel), with rank from sign as previously nominated and confirmed. Harry F. Schwethelm Armando R. Petrino June 14, - 1946, subject to examination re­ Midshipman Raymond W. Sitz to be an Tillman E. Bishop John E. Purvis quired by law. assistant paymaster 1.n the Navy with the Neal-"A" Boortz Gordon R. Reier Capt. Thomas William Mattingly, Medi­ rank of ensign from the 5th day of June 1946, Frank T. Boyd Raymond J. Rightmy- cal Corps (temporary colonel), with rank in lieu of appointment as a second lieutenant Gerald Brown er, Jr. from June 17, 1946, subject to examina­ in the Marine Corps as previously nominated · Neely D. Butler, Jr. Max H. Rosecrans tion required by law. and confirmed. Wiley E. Haverty Marvin R. Russell Capt. William Fred Patient, Medical Corps · Midshipman Robert H. Wilson to be a sec­ Frederick "E" Hughes Robert Sabot (temporary colonel), with rank from June ond lieutenant in the Marine Corps from the Charles W. Korf Clifford G. Schmillen 18, 1946. 5th day of June 1946·, in lieu of appointment Robert H. Mitchell 'Albert C. Schaner Capt. William E:.tgh Latimer Westbrook, as an ensign in the Navy as previously nomi­ John E. Palmer Allen R. Semb. Jr., Medical Corps (temporary lieutenant nated and confirmed. Wilbur G. Patton Clifford-E. Severson Donald M. Peterson William Shanks, Jr. Ctllonel), with rank from June 18, 1946, sub­ IN THE MARINE CORPS ject to examination required by law. Michael r. Savino Larry D. Slattery Capt. Alfred August Grebe, Medicar Corps The following-named midshipman to be a Tho.mas J. Saxon, Jr. Edward D. Smith second lieutenant in the Marine Corps from (temporary colonel), with ~ank from June 19, Summerfield M. Tay. Laurence J. Stien 1946. the 5th day of June 1946: · · lor, Jr. James F. Thomas Capt. Joseph Frank Peters, Medical Corps William T. Sweetman Marshall R. Tutton Thomas B. Trammell (temporary lieutenant colonel), with rank · IN THE MARINE CORPS Robert W. Wilson Walter W. Vatcher from June 20, 1946. The following-named officers for appoint­ Eugene H. WinchesterFrederick A. Vernon Capt. Donald Davis Flickinger, Medical ment in the United States Marine Corps in Elmer Amundson Edgar C. Vernon Corps (temporary colonel), with rank from the ranks hereinafter stated: Walter M. Atherton Burks A. Via June 24, 1946, subject to examination re­ The following-named officer to be a cap­ Deane M. Barnett Herbert R. Waltz quired by law. tain: LeRoy C. Barton F.aymond F . Webb Capt. Albert Marion Richmond, Medical Robert C. Walton Gilbert K. Baumgart Donald B. Welsh Corps (temporary lieutenant colonel'), with The following-named officers to be . first Richard W. :Benton Myron P. Wieczorek rank from June 26, 1946, subject to exami­ lieutenants: Vernon W. Bruce Dean Wilker nation required by law. William C. Capehart Donald M. Bloomer Richard A. Winters, Jr. Capt. Edward Morris DeYoung, Medical Robert A. Harvey Robe:rt L. Bolt. Robert J. Wright Corps (temporary colonel), 'with rank from Walter R. Lytz Charles A. Broudy Neil F. Defenbaugh June 27, 1946, subject to examination re­ Charles S. Brown John E . Dornbach quh·ed by law. The following-named officers to be second Robert B. Clay Harold L. Haley lieutenants: Richard W. Cline Gordon K. Jackson To be captains Frank J. Ervin RobertS. Wilson Bertram "E" Cook, Jr.Danny "W" Johnson First Lt. William Ward Currence, Medical Jack A. Witherspoon Thomas S. Wither- Carl Coon Benhard Kemper Corps (temporary major), with rank from Lee M. Alford, Jr. spoon Charles H. Coppedge Joseph W . Krewer June 3, 1946. Frederick W. Barnes Arthur H. Auvil Leo J. Carboy, Jr. · Robert A. Longstaff First Lt. William Beverly Virgin, Medical Benson A. Bowditch Edward J. Baum John D. Cotton Ernest R. Olson Corps (temporary captain), with rank from Richard J. Buckley William E. Brandon George M. Dauphine Donald R. Oseid June 3, 1!946. Robert A. Byrne MarshallS. Campbell George L. Davis, Jr. Martin T. Wagenhof- First Lt. Stanleigh Erler, Medl.cal Corps Louis F. Capalbo Nathaniel H. Carver Oliver R. Davis :fe-:r. (temporary captain), with rank from June . Horace W. Card, Jr. DeWitt S. Cheney John DeCloud "J" "E" Wellman 24, 1946. Merritt E. Chesnut Ralph L. Cormany William E. Deeds Marshall R. Breedlove First Lt. John Francis Pfeffer, Medical! Gildo S. Codispoti Jack M. Daly Joseph B. DeHaven John P. Wilbern Corps (temporary captain), with rank from Willis L. Fairbanks James C. Flack Raymond E .. Demers Anthony A. Akstin June 27, 1946. Neal J. Griffith Edward L. Fossum Rex C. Denny, Jr. Jack N. Arbolino First Lt. Jules John McNerney, Medical Charles H. Horn James R. Fury Eugene W. Derrickson William E. Baugh Corps, with rank from June 29, 1946, subject Alfred H. Hughes Dene T. Harp Ever~tt J. Dickerman Joe P. Cain to examination required by law. · Louis R. Largey Thomas R. Hickey, Jr. Robert E. Dunk John A. Conway First Lt. Charles Aloysius Furey, Jr., Medi­ James F. La~rence, Jr.Cloyd V. Hines Joseph Egan Joseph A. Donovan cal Corps (temporary major), with rank from Howard M. Lee War.ren G. Hopkins. Austin C. Fitzgerald John V. Downs June 30, 1946, sub!ect to examination re­ Robert E. Lorigan Edgar J. Jenkins James W. Ferris John K. Hogan quired by law. Junius M. Lowder, Jr. Elmer A. Krieg Donald H. Foss Milton A. Hull First Lt. Richard Coffman Shrum. Medical Charles L. Mcindoe Kenneth C. Langness Edward J. Geishecker Thomas J. Matthew• Ctlrps (temporary major), with rank from Richard Morton Joseph E. Loprete Donald M. Gibson Paul M . Smith June 30, 1946, subject to examination re­ John N. Petosis Joseph W. Luker Daniel P. Githens, Jr. Bernard G. Thobe quired by law. Gilbert N. Powell DonaldS. McClellan Charles E. Gocke, Jr. Bennett W. Alford Robe-rt C. Rann Robert C. Messman Nolan A. Green James W. Bateman D~TAL ~R;E'S Warren H. Simpson. William T. Miller William L. Hall Patrick D. Boyle - To be- col0neZ Elmer L. Starr . _Harry F. Painter Ho.ward W. HambletonWUbur J. Busat Lt. Col. John Charles Burr, Dental Corps, , John R. Brevens W'alter L. Persac Harold W. Hawkins Robert W. Hamilton -with rank from June 5, 1946. Ralph L. Widner Stephen Shervais William R. Hodgson. States R. Jones, Jr. XCll--388 6154 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD~HOUSE JUNE 3 William A. Kerr Eugene W. Geniesse, give us that vision above discipline which The message also' announced that the Edward L. Lewis, Jr. Jr. ever sounds the note of the sublimity of Senate insists upon its amendments to John H . Maher John M. Jagoda a high moral endeavor. We beseech the bill (H. R. 3543) entitled "An act William T. Phillips Kenneth M. Nix Marie A. Rainer, Jr. Thomas W. Pearson Thee to give us passionate wills to remove for the relief of the legal guardian of M arshall Salvaggio Arthur L. Sherbondy the causes of injustice and unrest and James Thompson, a mipor," disagreed to Elmo J . Stingley William M. Sigler, Jr. all that hinders the development of by the House; agrees to the conference· Robert B. Allen William L. Walker good will. May we ever worship Thee in asked by the House on the disagreeing Robert W. Calvert Ross H. Beatty the beauty of holiness, and therein find votes of the two Houses thereon, and ap­ Michael P. Carroll Dorsie H. Booker, Jr. our abiding peace. points Mr. ELLENDER, Mr. HUFFMAN, and Robert L. Davis Allen B. Clark Mr. 'WHERRY to be the conferees on the Roswe·n S. Frichette,Franklin R . Chambers "Spirit of Life, in this new dawn, Jr. John A. Daskalakis Give us the faith that follows on, part of the Senate. Daniel J. Griffith, Jr. Jack N. Dillard Letting Thine all-pervading powell The message also announced that the Rober t G. Parrish John P. Errett Fulfill the dream of this high hour. Senate agrees to the reports of the com­ Harold L. Parsons George D. Gillians "Spirit Creative, give us light, mittees of conference on the disagreeing Arthur J. Poillon Harold F. Haupt Lifting the raveled mists of night; votes of the two Houses on the amend­ Linus F. Pottebaum Robert H. Moore Touch Thou our dust with spirit hand ments of the Senate to bills of the House · Lester D. Sperry Charles W. Noah of the following titles: John B. Wenger Herman Nolte And make us souls that understand." Edward L. Barker John E. Rich In Christ's holy name we pray. Amen. · H. R. 874. An act for the relief of L. Wil- Grover R . Bet zer Leo R. Ryan moth Hodges; · James J. Larkin Robert F. Young, Jr. The Journal of the proceedings of H . R. 941. An act for the relief of Mrs. C. baniel C. Smith Richard W. Batdorf! Friday, May 31, 1946, was read and A. Lee, administratrix of the estate of Ross Vincent J. Smith Thomas M. Coles approved. Lee, deceased; Harry A. Stahlstrom Loren D. Everton H. R. 2223. An act for the relief of Cather­ Russell A. Andres Roy R. Hewitt MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE ine Bode; and Donald L. Boudreaux Norman R. Nickerson A message from the Senate, by Mr. H. R. 3808. An act for the relief of the James T. Cotton Charles D. Garber estate of William N. Therriault and Millicent Frazier, its legislative clerk, announced Therriault. · Richard J. Fellingham Theodore J. Horner that the Senate had passed without Norman L. Hamm Robert L. Milling SWEARING IN OF MEMBER Philip J. Keleher Clyde S. Stewart amendment a concurrent resolution of James W. Nelson James R. Turner the House of the following title: Mr. BULWINKLE. Mr. ·speaker, I ask Leland C. Ritter Gerald C. Armstrong H. Con. Res. 152. Concurrent resolution unanimous consent that Miss ELIZA JANE, Brett E. Roueche William H. Bortz, Jr. providing for a jqint session of Congress for PRATT, Congresswoman-elect from North James W. Smith Byron· M. Burbage the purpose of holding appropriate exercises , Carolina, be sworn in at this time. Her Oran L. Stephenson,John Callahan in commemoration of the life, character, and certificate of election will arrive during Jr. William C. Carlson public services of the late Franklin D. Roose­ John H. Barclay Robert H. Cook velt, former President of the United States. this week. Nathaniel MorgenthalOtis W. S. Corman The SPEAKER. There is no contest? George A. Rickert Keith W. Costello The message also announced that the Mr. BULWINKLE. There is no con­ Jackson C. Turnaclifl Lawrence R. Denham Senate had passed a bill of the following - test, Mr. Speaker. Richard R. Bucher Willia~ L. Devinney title, in which the concurrence of the The SPEAKER. Is there objection to John A. Creamer James G. Fox House is requested: the request of the gentleman from John T. Fey Donald J. Hallameyer S.1717. An act for the development and North Carolina? ·Lawrence L. Graham Welsie T. Howton, Jr. control of atomic energy. Charles H. Greene, Jr. John R. Hyneman There was no objection. Hubert J. Hamlin James K. Johnson The message also announced that the Miss ELIZA JANE PRATT·appeared at Robert w. HengesbachChester M. Lupushan- Senate had passed, with amendments in the bar of the House and took the oath David H. Lewis sky which the concurrence of the House is of office. P aul F. McLellan Kenneth L. Mann Carl A. Nielsen Eugene W. Nelson ' requested, a bill of the House of the EXTENSION OF REMARKS Eugene J. Robinson Russell G . Patterson, following title: Mr. GRANT of Alabama asked and was John C. Shelnutt Jr. H. R. 5605. An act making appropriations given permission to extend his remarks William. C. Stoll, Jr. John L. Read for the Department of Agriculture for the Paul C. Trammell Walter L. Redmond fiscal year ending June 30, 1947, and for in the RECORD and include a letter ad­ George G. Abadie DavidS. ~eid III other purposes. dressed to the President of the United Richard N. Aufmann John E. Shields States. Gilbert D. Bradley Roscoe R. St. John The message also announced that the Mr. MANSFIELD of Texas asked and George H. Cear~ey, Jr. Patrick J. Dayson Senate insists upon its amendments to was given permission to extend his re­ James 0. Clouser Donald E. Gillespie the foregoing bill, requests a conference marks in the RECORD and include an Maurice A. David John L. Ha~ilton, Jr. with the House on the disagreeing votes editorial from the Houston Post. John K. Diveny Frank H. Horn of the two Houses thereon, and appoints Donald T. Doxey Arthur F. Shupe Mr. RussELL, Mr. HAYDEN, Mr. TYDINGS, CATHERINE BODE Aldor B. Elmquist George M. Smith Mr. BANKHEAD, Mr. THOMAS of Oklahoma, Mr. McGEHEE submitted a confer­ Edward S. Fris Thomas B. Wadsworth Mr. GURNEY, Mr. BROOKS, and Mr. REED ence report and statement on the bill to be the conferees on the part of the fo.r the relief of Catherine Senate. Bode. The message also announced that the L. WILMOTH HODGES HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Senate had passed, with amendments in which the concurrence of the House is Mr. McGEHEE submitted a confer­ MONDAY, JUNE 3, 1946 requested, a bill of the House of the fol­ ence report and statement on the bill lowing title: