Divinità Minori Ma Questioni Complesse: Morfologia E Teonimia Nei Sondergötter Di Roma
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The Greatness and Decline of Rome
THE GREATNESS AND DECLINE OF ROME VOL. V. THE REPUBLIC OF AUGUSTUS BY GUGLIELMO FERRERO TRANSLATED BY REV. H. J. CHAYTOR, M.A. HEADMASTER OF PLYMOUTH COLLEGE LONDON WILLIAM HEINEMANN 1909 O 1 All rights reserved P 4 I V.5' ,/ CONTENTS CHAP. PAGB I. The East i " " II. Armenia Capta, SiGNis Receptis . , 28 III. The Great Social Laws of the Year 18 b.c. 45 IV. The " LuDi S^culares " 76 V. The Egypt of the West ...... 104 VI. The Great Crisis in the European Provinces . 121 VII. The Conquest of Germania .... 142 VIII. " H^c EST Italia Diis Sacra" 166 IX. The Altar of Augustus and of Rome .... 185 X. Julia and Tiberius 213 XI. The Exile of Julia 243 XII. The Old Age of Augustus 269 XIII. The Last " Decennium " 291 XIV. Augustus and the Great Empire .... 325 Index 355 — CHAPTER I THE EAST Greece before the Roman conquest—Greece and the Romaa conquest—Greece in the second century of the repubUc—The inability of Rome to remedy the sufferings of Greece—Policy of Augustus in Greece—The theatrical crisis at Rome—The Syrian pantomimes—Pylades of Cilicia—The temple of Rome and Augustus at Pergamum—Asia Minor—The manufac- turing towns in the Greek republics of the coast—The agricultural monarchies of the highlands—The cults of Mithras and Cybele—The unity of Asia Minor—Asiatic Hellenism and Asiatic religions—The Greek republics in the Asiatic monarchy—Asia Minor after a century of Roman rule Weakness, crisis and universal disorder—The critical position of Hellenism and the Jews—Jewish expansion in the east The worship of Rome and Augustus in Asia Minor—The Greek renaissance. -
Ritual Cleaning-Up of the City: from the Lupercalia to the Argei*
RITUAL CLEANING-UP OF THE CITY: FROM THE LUPERCALIA TO THE ARGEI* This paper is not an analysis of the fine aspects of ritual, myth and ety- mology. I do not intend to guess the exact meaning of Luperci and Argei, or why the former sacrificed a dog and the latter were bound hand and foot. What I want to examine is the role of the festivals of the Lupercalia and the Argei in the functioning of the Roman community. The best-informed among ancient writers were convinced that these were purification cere- monies. I assume that the ancients knew what they were talking about and propose, first, to establish the nature of the ritual cleanliness of the city, and second, see by what techniques the two festivals achieved that goal. What, in the perception of the Romans themselves, normally made their city unclean? What were the ordinary, repetitive sources of pollution in pre-Imperial Rome, before the concept of the cura Urbis was refined? The answer to this is provided by taboos and restrictions on certain sub- stances, and also certain activities, in the City. First, there is a rule from the Twelve Tables with Cicero’s curiously anachronistic comment: «hominem mortuum», inquit lex in duodecim, «in urbe ne sepelito neve urito», credo vel propter ignis periculum (De leg. II 58). Secondly, we have the edict of the praetor L. Sentius C.f., known from three inscrip- tions dating from the beginning of the first century BC1: L. Sentius C. f. pr(aetor) de sen(atus) sent(entia) loca terminanda coer(avit). -
Roman Gods Word Match Find the Word Or Phrase from Column B That Best Matches the Word in Column A
Roman Gods Word Match Find the word or phrase from Column B that best matches the word in Column A Column A Column B 1. ___ ANGERONA 1. God of the house, a cheerful and beautiful youth. 2. ___ ATTIS 2. War goddess. Her priests were recruited from the gladiators, and emissaries were received at her temple. 3. ___ BELLONA 3. a god of vegetation, similar to tammuz and adonis. Imported together with his mother cybele from persia. Driven mad by the deranged love of his mother, castrated himself under a pine tree. 4. ___ FAUNA 4. A mystery. Originally a war god of the sabines, later a state god o the romans. One of the highest gods of ancient rome, every bit as important as mars or jupiter, yet almost nothing is known today of him or his worship. 5. ___ FAUNUS 5. The god who dies and rises again, god of vegetation, the sun god, the savior who who redeems mankind from evil. A roman version of a persian god. Especially popular among soldiers, he was widely worshipped throughout the roman empire and gave christianity a run for its money. His cult served a number of purposes and its organization was highly complex. A temple of his served as a social club, a place of worship, a dramatic society, a magical society, an officers' club, and much more. 6. ___ FEBRUUS 6. The shining one. Goddess of domestic life and the hearth. Worshipped privately in the home and publicly in her temple. In the home, she lived near the hearth and was offered food and drink at every meal. -
Italian "Sondergötter." Author(S): H
Italian "Sondergötter." Author(s): H. J. Rose Source: The Journal of Roman Studies, Vol. 3, Part 2 (1913), pp. 233-241 Published by: Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/296227 . Accessed: 17/06/2014 01:31 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to The Journal of Roman Studies. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 188.72.126.181 on Tue, 17 Jun 2014 01:31:37 AM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions ITALIAN " SONDERGOTTER." By H. J. ROSE. Since Usener put prominently forward the theory of Sonder- g6tter,1 the idea has been subjected to trenchant negative criticism by two expertsin the fields of Greek and Roman religion respectively, Farnell2and Wissowa.3 The formerprotests, and rightly so, against the cheerfulassumption that, whenevera deity has a name describing a function, " Saviour," " Queen," " Victory," for example, we should regard him or her as a primitive Sondergott; since many examples teach us that such figures are often the products of a developed polytheism. -
Greek and Roman Mythology and Heroic Legend
G RE E K AN D ROMAN M YTH O LOGY AN D H E R O I C LE GEN D By E D I N P ROFES SOR H . ST U G Translated from th e German and edited b y A M D i . A D TT . L tt LI ONEL B RN E , , TRANSLATOR’S PREFACE S Y a l TUD of Greek religion needs no po ogy , and should This mus v n need no bush . all t feel who ha e looked upo the ns ns and n creatio of the art it i pired . But to purify stre gthen admiration by the higher light of knowledge is no work o f ea se . No truth is more vital than the seemi ng paradox whi c h - declares that Greek myths are not nature myths . The ape - is not further removed from the man than is the nature myth from the religious fancy of the Greeks as we meet them in s Greek is and hi tory . The myth the child of the devout lovely imagi nation o f the noble rac e that dwelt around the e e s n s s u s A ga an. Coar e fa ta ie of br ti h forefathers in their Northern homes softened beneath the southern sun into a pure and u and s godly bea ty, thus gave birth to the divine form of n Hellenic religio . M c an c u s m c an s Comparative ythology tea h uch . It hew how god s are born in the mind o f the savage and moulded c nn into his image . -
Plautus, with an English Translation by Paul Nixon
^-< THE LOEB CLASSICAL LIBRARY I FOUKDED BY JAMES IXtEB, liL.D. EDITED BY G. P. GOOLD, PH.D. FORMEB EDITOBS t T. E. PAGE, C.H., LiTT.D. t E. CAPPS, ph.d., ii.D. t W. H. D. ROUSE, LITT.D. t L. A. POST, l.h.d. E. H. WARMINGTON, m.a., f.b.hist.soc. PLAUTUS IV 260 P L A U T U S WITH AN ENGLISH TRANSLATION BY PAUL NIXON DKAK OF BOWDODf COLUDOB, MAin IN FIVE VOLUMES IV THE LITTLE CARTHAGINIAN PSEUDOLUS THE ROPE T^r CAMBRIDOE, MASSACHUSETTS HARVARD UNIVERSITY PRESS LONDON WILLIAM HEINEMANN LTD MCMLXXX American ISBN 0-674-99286-5 British ISBN 434 99260 7 First printed 1932 Reprinted 1951, 1959, 1965, 1980 v'Xn^ V Wbb Printed in Great Britain by Fletcher d- Son Ltd, Norwich CONTENTS I. Poenulus, or The Little Carthaginian page 1 II. Pseudolus 144 III. Rudens, or The Rope 287 Index 437 THE GREEK ORIGINALS AND DATES OF THE PLAYS IN THE FOURTH VOLUME In the Prologue^ of the Poenulus we are told that the Greek name of the comedy was Kapx^Sdvios, but who its author was—perhaps Menander—or who the author of the play which was combined with the Kap;^8ovios to make the Poenulus is quite uncertain. The time of the presentation of the Poenulus at ^ Rome is also imcertain : Hueffner believes that the capture of Sparta ' was a purely Plautine reference to the war with Nabis in 195 b.c. and that the Poenulus appeared in 194 or 193 b.c. The date, however, of the Roman presentation of the Pseudolus is definitely established by the didascalia as 191 b.c. -
The Worship of Augustus Caesar
J THE WORSHIP OF AUGUSTUS C^SAR DERIVED FROM A STUDY OF COINS, MONUMENTS, CALENDARS, ^RAS AND ASTRONOMICAL AND ASTROLOGICAL CYCLES, THE WHOLE ESTABLISHING A NEW CHRONOLOGY AND SURVEY OF HISTORY AND RELIGION BY ALEXANDER DEL MAR \ NEW YORK PUBLISHED BY THE CAMBRIDGE ENCYCLOPEDIA CO. 62 Reade Street 1900 (All rights reserrecf) \ \ \ COPYRIGHT BY ALEX. DEL MAR 1899. THE WORSHIP OF AUGUSTUS CAESAR. CHAPTERS. PAGE. Prologue, Preface, ........ Vll. Bibliography, ....... xi. I. —The Cycle of the Eclipses, I — II. The Ancient Year of Ten Months, . 6 III. —The Ludi S^eculares and Olympiads, 17 IV. —Astrology of the Divine Year, 39 V. —The Jovian Cycle and Worship, 43 VI. —Various Years of the Incarnation, 51 VII.—^RAS, 62 — VIII. Cycles, ...... 237 IX. —Chronological Problems and Solutions, 281 X. —Manetho's False Chronology, 287 — XI. Forgeries in Stone, .... 295 — XII. The Roman Messiah, .... 302 Index, ........ 335 Corrigenda, ....... 347 PROLOGUE. THE ABYSS OF MISERY AND DEPRAVITY FROM WHICH CHRISTIANITY REDEEMED THE ROMAN EMPIRE CAN NEVER BE FULLY UNDERSTOOD WITHOUT A KNOWLEDGE OF THE IMPIOUS WoA^P OF EM- PERORS TO WHICH EUROPE ONCE BOWED ITS CREDULOUS AND TERRIFIED HEAD. WHEN THIS OMITTED CHAPTER IS RESTORED TO THE HISTORY OF ROME, CHRISTIANITY WILL SPRING A LIFE FOR INTO NEW AND MORE VIGOROUS ; THEN ONLY WILL IT BE PERCEIVED HOW DEEP AND INERADICABLY ITS ROOTS ARE PLANTED, HOW LOFTY ARE ITS BRANCHES AND HOW DEATH- LESS ARE ITS AIMS. PREFACE. collection of data contained in this work was originally in- " THEtended as a guide to the author's studies of Monetary Sys- tems." It was therefore undertaken with the sole object of estab- lishing with precision the dates of ancient history. -
“How Strangely Chang'd”: the Re-Creation of Ovid by African
“How Strangely Chang’d”: The Re-creation of Ovid by African American Women Poets By Rachel C. Morrison Submitted to the graduate degree program in Classics and the Graduate Faculty of the University of Kansas in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts. ______________________________________ Chair: Emma Scioli ______________________________________ Pam Gordon ______________________________________ Tara Welch Date Approved: 10 May 2018 The thesis committee for Rachel C. Morrison certifies that this is the approved version of the following thesis: “How Strangely Chang’d”: The Re-creation of Ovid by African American Women Poets ______________________________________ Chair: Emma Scioli ______________________________________ Pam Gordon ______________________________________ Tara Welch Date Approved: 10 May 2018 ii Abstract This project examines the re-creation of Ovid by African American women poets. Phillis Wheatley, an enslaved Black woman writing in colonial America, engages with Ovid’s account of Niobe in her epyllion “Niobe in Distress.” Henrietta Cordelia Ray, who was active in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, picks up where Wheatley left off in a sonnet called “Niobe.” Elsewhere, in “Echo’s Complaint,” Ray also imagines what Echo might say to Narcissus if she had full control over her words—an imaginative exercise that has resonances with Ovid’s Heroides. Finally, in her 1995 book Mother Love, the contemporary poet Rita Dove re-examines the tale of Demeter and Persephone from a number of different angles. In reworking the Metamorphoses, all three poets paint vivid images of vulnerable girls and bereft mothers. Moreover, Wheatley, Ray, and Dove play with Ovidian elements to explore themes of repetition, voice, motherhood, and power dynamics. -
The Royal Navy, October 1801
The Royal Navy October 1801 At Home San Josef 112 Ville de Paris 110 Royal George 100 Royal Sovereign 100 Atlas 98 Barfleur 98 Formidable 98 Glory 98 London 98 Neptune 98 Prince 98 Prince George 98 Princess Royal 98 Prince of Wales 98 Temeraire 98 Windsor Castle 98 Namur 90 Malta 80 Donegal 80 Juste 80 Hercule 74 Achilles 74 Belleisle 74 Bellerophon 74 Blenheim 74 Brunswick 74 Canada 74 Captain 74 Centaur 74 Courageux 74 Defiance 74 Edgar 74 Elephant 74 Excellent 74 Impetueux 74 Irresistible 74 Magnificent 74 Majestic 74 Mars 74 Monarch 74 Orion 74 Princess of Orange 74 Resolution 74 Robust 74 Saturn 74 Terrible 74 Theseus 74 Thunderer 74 Vengeance 74 1 Leyden 68 De Ruyter 68 Agamemnon 64 Ardent 64 Asia 64 Polyphemus 64 Raisonnable 64 Ruby 64 St. Albans 64 Standard 64 Veteran 64 York 64 Batavia 54 Beschermer 54 Isis 50 Loire 46 Amelia 44 Anson 44 Fisgard 44 FortunQe 44 Indefatigable 44 Revolutionnaire 44 Serapis 44 Vlieter 44 Acasta 40 Beaulieu 40 Cambrian 40 Desire 40 Princess Charlotte 40 San Firoenzo 40 Amazon 38 Amethyst 38 Boadecia 38 Clyde 38 Diamond 38 Diana 38 Hussar 38 Latona 38 Medusa 38 Naiade 38 Unité 38 Urania 38 Alceste 36 Ambuscade 36 Blanche 36 Dedaigneuse 36 Doris 36 Dryad 36 Glenmore 36 Immortalité 36 Nymphe 36 Oiseau 36 Phoebe 36 Sirius 36 Thalia 36 2 Trent 36 Surprize 34 Aquilon 32 Aeolus 32 Castor 32 Galathea 32 Lowestoffe 32 Magicienne 32 Maidstone 32 Narcissus 32 Shannon 32 Tartar 32 Triton 32 Unicorn 32 Arrow 30 Dart 30 Amphitrite 28 Brilliant 28 Enterprize 28 Heldin 28 Lapwig 28 Nemesis 28 Jamaica 26 Waakzamheid -
6 the God Liber and the Republican Notions of Libertas in the Late Roman Republic
6 The god Liber and the Republican Notions of Libertas in the late Roman Republic I This essay focuses on the Roman god Liber and its relation with the notion of libertas in the first century BC. A very powerful, and prima facie convincing, explanation of this relation is, in the words of one of the most authoritative scholars in the field, that ‘by name and by nature, Liber is the god of freedom … Though many explanations were offered by ancient sources to account for his name, the simplest and most obvious was an ideological one: Liber a libertate. Political freedom, libertas, was the defining quality of the Roman Republic, achieved by the expulsion of Tarquin and under threat ever after,’ and which found its divinisation in Liber.1 a notable exception Raaflaub 2000 in Hansen birthday, 257. Il punto non e’ sbagliato, ma richiede revision. Non si tratat della political liberty di provocatio. However, when analysing the evidence at our disposal, it is possible to observe that Liber is conceived as enacting different forms of liberation: Liber frees the individual from worries and fears, frees the soul from the constraints of a mortal body, and frees the semen, both male and female, in sexual union.2 As Anthony Corbeill brilliantly put it, Liber was conceived as fulfilling the role of both the Realiser and the Liberator.3 Building on recent works that move away from a linear development of Liber in Rome as an Italic deity of subversive traits, gradually tamed in the third and second century BC through a process of Hellenisation, and considering -
2014 Classical Studies Higher Finalised Marking Instructions
2014 Classical Studies Higher Finalised Marking Instructions Scottish Qualifications Authority 2014 The information in this publication may be reproduced to support SQA qualifications only on a non- commercial basis. If it is to be used for any other purposes written permission must be obtained from SQA’s NQ Assessment team. Where the publication includes materials from sources other than SQA (secondary copyright), this material should only be reproduced for the purposes of examination or assessment. If it needs to be reproduced for any other purpose it is the centre’s responsibility to obtain the necessary copyright clearance. SQA’s NQ Assessment team may be able to direct you to the secondary sources. These Marking Instructions have been prepared by Examination Teams for use by SQA Appointed Markers when marking External Course Assessments. This publication must not be reproduced for commercial or trade purposes. Part One: General Marking Principles for: Classical Studies Higher This information is provided to help you understand the general principles you must apply when marking candidate responses to questions in this Paper. These principles must be read in conjunction with the specific Marking Instructions for each question. (a) Marks for each candidate response must always be assigned in line with these general marking principles and the specific Marking Instructions for the relevant question. If a specific candidate response does not seem to be covered by either the principles or detailed Marking Instructions, and you are uncertain how to assess it, you must seek guidance from your Team Leader/Principal Assessor. (b) Marking should always be positive ie, marks should be awarded for what is correct and not deducted for errors or omissions. -
Revue Celtique, T
àir^ ''••»•-• 31^ • ^ ;*.• S:-..C.ïfK' ^È^.. ^è'^m^^ REVUE CELTIQJJE TOME IV A ^ PUBLIÉE V-^^^>• ^J^^AVEC LE CONCOURS DES PRINCIPAUX SAVANTS '^^> DES ILES BRITANNIQUES ET DU CONTINENT DIRIGEE PAR H. GAIDOZ Directeur-Adjoint à VÉcole des Hautes Études, Professeur à ['École des Sciences Politiques, Secrétaire correspondant de la Cambrian Archœological Association, Memhrtdtlà Royal Archceological Association of Ireland, etc. Tome IV F. VIEWEG, LIBRAIRE-ÉDITEUR 67, rue de Richelieu, PARIS 1879-1880 TABLE DES MATIÈRES. Pages es dieux de la cité des Allobroges, d'après les monuments épigraphiques, par M. Florian Valientin i — Cf. Note additionnelle 445 Comment le druidisme a disparu, par M. Fustel de Coulanges ... 37 Devinettes bretonnes recueillies et traduites par M. L.-F. Sauvé. 60 Sirona, par M. Charles Robert 133 — Cf. Note complémentaire 265 — Cf. Erratum 479 Supplément aux dictionnaires bretons, par M. Emile Ernault . ... 145 PopuîarTales of Ireland, by David Fitzgerald, Esq 171 — Cf. Additional notes 268 — Cf. Errata 202, 516 L'amitié d'Amis et d'Amiles, texte gallois publié d'après le Livre Rouge d'Oxford, avec une traduction française par M. H. Gaidoz .... 203 — Cf. Addenda et Corrigenda 479 Tidings of Doomsday, an Early Middle Irish Homily, edited and trans- lated by W. S 245 — Cf. Errata 479 Cornica, by W. S 2^8 Monnaie gauloise inédite de Lucterius, chef cadurque, par M. A. de Barthélémy 317 Old-Breton Glosses, by W. S 324 O'Clery's Irish Glossary, edited and translated by Arthur W.-K. Miller, Esq 349 — Cf. Errata 479 Les Contes populaires de la Haute-Bretagne, par M.