Wreck Junkie Heaven ChuukText and photos by Brandi Mueller 49 X-RAY MAG : 53 : 2013 EDITORIAL FEATURES TRAVEL NEWS WRECKS EQUIPMENT BOOKS SCIENCE & ECOLOGY TECH EDUCATION PROFILES PHOTO & VIDEO PORTFOLIO travel Chuuk View of Chuuk Island. PREVIOUS PAGE: Diver in interior of Betty plane My dream history lesson includes a tropical Pacific island where I step off a beautiful boat soaked in sunshine the warm Micronesian waters and descend on a coral cov- ered ship that was part of World War II. This dream and these ships came to life for me during a recent trip aboard the MV Odyssey liveaboard. Truk Lagoon, now known as Chuuk, is most certainly one of the world’s greatest wreck diving destinations. These lush green islands with palm trees and calm blue waters make it almost impossible to fathom the immense battle that took place on the 17th and 18th of February, 1944. Under Japanese occupation dur- the United States took Japan by battleships, numerous cruisers, ing World War II, Truk served as almost complete surprise with two destroyers, submarines and other one of the Japanese Imperial days of daytime and nighttime support ships assisting the carriers. Navy’s main bases in the South airstrikes, surface ship actions, Airstrikes, employed fighters, Pacific Theater. Some compared and submarine attacks. Ordered dive bombers and torpedo air- it as Japan’s Pearl Harbor. This by Admiral Raymond Spruance, craft were used in the attacks logistical and operations base Vice Admiral Marc A Mitscher’s focusing on airfields, aircraft, shore for the Japanese Combine Fleet Task Force 58 included five fleet installations, and ships around the served as the stage for the United carriers (the USS Enterprise, USS Truk anchorage throughout the States’ attack called Operation Yorktown, USS Essex, USS Intrepid, day and night. Many airplanes Hailstone. and the USS Bunker Hill) and four were destroyed as they were una- Known in Japan as Torakku-tō light carriers embarking more than ble to take off, having just been Kūshū (the airstrike on Truk Island), 500 planes. There were also seven delivered off cargo ships and still Coral growth on the wreck of the Sankisan Maru 50 X-RAY MAG : 53 : 2013 EDITORIAL FEATURES TRAVEL NEWS WRECKS EQUIPMENT BOOKS SCIENCE & ECOLOGY TECH EDUCATION PROFILES PHOTO & VIDEO PORTFOLIO CLOCKWISE FROM LEFT: Coral-encrusted mast of the Fujikawa Maru, with the Odyssey hovering overhead; Damselfish; The MV Odyssey; Damselfish looks out from Chuuk travel a sponge on the Fujikawa Maru being disassembled. Although still a major success for the Americans, just a week before Operation Hailstone, much of the Japanese fleet’s larger warships were sent to sea to be relocated out of Truk. This was probably due to the base becoming too vulner- able. But even with those ships gone, the Americans sank 12 Japanese warships, 32 merchant ships, and destroyed 249 aircraft. Many of the ships were loaded with supplies to be delivered to other parts of the Pacific and little of the cargo was recovered, thereby hindering the Japanese Navy in the Central and South Pacific and ending Truk as a threat to Allied oper- ations in the Central Pacific. Many ships sank and many lives were lost, but the ships of Truk Lagoon now serve a new purpose under- water. Reborn as artificial reefs, the Arriving very late, wrecks have become covered with and very tired, I marine life and become home to was greeted at schools of fish, anemones, corals, the airport by sev- sharks and much more. eral pleasant crew The wrecks from the Odyssey of Truk Lagoon who took us to the had been on boat. Much too my ‘must dive’ excited to sleep, I list for years, but laid awake in my Chuuk is a long cabin waiting for way away from morning and our almost every- first wreck. where. Serviced only by United Diving the airlines, a stop wrecks in Honolulu Finally, morn- or Guam is ing came. Breakfast was served and what they’re doing, especially inside required to Captain Nelson gave us the dive the wrecks. Visibility inside the wrecks get to Truk. My deck briefing. He touched on several can go from great to zero quickly flights included important topics concerning diving from bubbles knocking off rust from eight hours these wrecks, the first being that these overhead environments and stray to Honolulu, wrecks were not sunk on purpose. fins can kick up silt leading to low vis- eight more to Unlike many wrecks sunk artificially, ibility situations. These ships, having Guam, and which are cleaned and made safer been underwater for almost 70 years, a thankfully for divers, these are actual sunken are beginning to show their age. For short two-hour warships with potential hazards requir- example, one of the Lagoon’s most flight to Chuuk. ing divers to be aware at all times of famous wrecks, the Fujikawa Maru, 51 X-RAY MAG : 53 : 2013 EDITORIAL FEATURES TRAVEL NEWS WRECKS EQUIPMENT BOOKS SCIENCE & ECOLOGY TECH EDUCATION PROFILES PHOTO & VIDEO PORTFOLIO Gas mask (left) and bicycle parts (below) on the Kiyosumi Maru; The Odyssey (right) at the surface over travel a ship mast covered in soft coral Chuuk sengers launched in 1934 and converted into an armed merchant raider in 1941. She participated in the Battle of Midway and had been towed to Truk for repairs after being damaged by aircraft bombs. Sunk on her port side, laying in the sand at 31m (100ft), we swam the length of the ship and eventually entered hold #2 through the hole caused by the bomb that sank the ship. Covered in growth, particularly long branched bushes of black coral, jellyfish seemed to be strategically placed around the outside of the ship, as if they guarded it. Originally holding eight guns, all have been removed, but the platforms remain. Our dive guide led us into hold #5 to see parts of two bikes and then hold #6 to see two massive spare propeller blades. Collections of bottles found inside the ship have been gathered in sever- al places on the outside for divers to see. We also came upon a gas mask that almost looks like you could put it on and use it today. Yamagiri Maru. The Yamagiri Maru was a 133m (437ft) passenger/ cargo carrier launched in 1939 and converted to a military trans- port ship in 1941. This ship was known for its spectacular engine room Kiyosumi Maru, feels like enter- damaged by two torpedoes in penetration, has had most of its super ing another world. The intact 1943 from the submarine USS Drum structure collapse in the past year, mak- ship body, sitting 12m (40ft) and repaired in Rabaul before sail- ing it dangerous to access its famous below the warm Micronesian ing to Truk and then sank by dive engine room. waters starts to bring to life the bombers from the Yorktown and Before diving each wreck, the battle that took place here. Bunker Hill. Odyssey’s knowledgeable staff gives In Japanese, maru means Sitting at 36m (120ft) with its shal- a thorough briefing about each wreck circle, or round. This name is lowest parts around 18m (60ft), this showing a dive map to recommend given to ships that circle back ship’s most interesting feature is in dive plans, points of interest as well as to where they came from. The hold #5. On their way to be deliv- hazards. They also give incredible history warships did not have that dis- ered to the battleships Yamato about each wreck, discussing each ship’s tinction, as they were sent into and Mushashi were armor-piercing role before and during the war. battle, not expected to return. shells 45cm (18in) long, weighing The Kiyosumi Maru was a 137m over 3,000 pounds each, which Kiyosumi Maru. Stepping off the Odyessy (450ft) long and 18m (6ft) wide could be hurled 38km. These gun and descending upon our first wreck, the freighter that also carried pas- rounds were for the largest guns Anemonefish on the Fujikawa Maru 52 X-RAY MAG : 53 : 2013 EDITORIAL FEATURES TRAVEL NEWS WRECKS EQUIPMENT BOOKS SCIENCE & ECOLOGY TECH EDUCATION PROFILES PHOTO & VIDEO PORTFOLIO WIKIMEDIA COMMONS travel Chuuk only two made-for-war ships sunk in Chuuk, it is a 97m (320ft) Mutuki Class destroyer built in 1926 and was in Truk for repairs from an attack by U.S. planes near Rabaul on 4 January tion and respect of the Fujikawa best wreck penetrations, much of 1944. Prior to the Rabaul dam- and other wrecks in the lagoon. the superstructure of the Fujikawa ages, the Fumizuki helped relieve Collections of artifacts from the Maru has collapsed recently, Japanese forces in the battle inside are gathered on different making it very difficult and poten- of Guadalcanal as part of the parts of the ship including china tially dangerous to enter the “Tokyo Express”. with Japanese brandings. Schools engine room due to its instability. Damaged by bombing during of tuna and smaller fish circled Operation Hailstone, her crew the wreck, and a large barracu- Fumitsuki Destroyer. The Fumitsuki abandoned her when she lost da seemed to be standing guard is a dedicated warship built for power. They attempted to tow over the bow gun. the Japanese Navy, and has no her to a new anchorage, but Often considered one of the “maru” following its name. One of had not noticed the ship had its The bow gun of the Fujikawa Maru; The Kiyosumi Maru before the war (top right) ever made for a battleship; the ried raw silk and cotton between Still aboard the ship during the largest American battleships had South America and India.