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Journali16.Pdf INTERCULTURAL RELATIONS SOCIETY ISSN 1512-4363 saerTaSoriso samecniero-perioduli gamocema International scientific periodical edition Международное научно-периодическое издание kulturaTaSorisi komunikaciebi INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATIONS МЕЖКУЛЬТУРНЫЕ КОММУНИКАЦИИ №16 Tbilisi – Tbilisi – Тбилиси 2011 UDC (uak) 008 (100) k-897 mTavari redaqtori indira Zagania Editor-in-chief Indira Dzagania Главный редактор Индира Дзагания redaqtorebi Editors Редакторы lira gabunia Lira Gabunia Лира Габуния olRa petriaSvili Olga Petriashvili Ольга Петриашвили marine turava Marina Turava Марина Турава irine jobava Irina Jobava Ирина Джобава kompiuteruli Computer Компьютерное redaqtireba Editing Редактирование robert mesxi Robert Meskhi Роберт Месхи pasuxismgebeli Executive Ответственный mdivani Secretary секретарь liana gvasalia Liana Gvasalia Лиана Гвасалия saredaqcio sabWo joni afaqiZe (saqarTvelo), delvin harniSCi (aSS), bilal dindari (TurqeTi), qemal abdula (azerbaijani), endriu harisi (didi britaneTi), maria kornelia barliba (rumineTi), doris fogeli (avstria), svetlana ter-minasova (ruseTi), petre kononenko (ukraina), giorgi popa (moldaveTi), ilona manelidu (saberZneTi), ilias usTunieri (TurqeTi), ana agranati (israeli), lala axmedova (azerbaijani), aiten mustafaeva (azerbaijani), daviT gociriZe (saqarTvelo), leonide jaxaia (saqar- Tvelo), mixeil bogucki (poloneTi), vilem hendrik de boforti (niderlandebis samefo), venta ko- cere (latvia), Jana tolisbaeva (yazaxeTi), arto mustaioki (fineTi), meri madarSaxi (safrangeTi), roberto riCi (italia), stefano grandi (italia), iordan luckanovi (bulgareTi), qemal makili- alievi (azerbaijani), irina andriuSenko (ukraina), maria dimasi (saberZneTi), ritsuko inoue (iaponia), ala sainenko (moldaveTi), manuel filipe de kosta (portugalia). Editorial Board Joni Apakidze (Georgia), Delwyn Harnisch (USA), Billal Dindar (Turkey), Kamal Abdulla (Azerbaijan), Andrew Harris (Great Britain), Maria Cornelia Barliba (Romania), Doris Fögel (Austria), Svetlana Ter- Minasova (Russia), Peter Kononenko (Ukraine), Gheorghe Popa (Moldova), Ilona Manelidu (Greece), Ilyas Ustunyer (Turkey), Ann Agranat (Israel), Lala Akhmedova (Azerbaijan), Ayten Mustafaeva (Azerbaijan), David Gotsiridze (Georgia), Leonid Jakhaia (Georgia), Mikhael Bogutski (Poland), Willem Hendrik de Beaufort (the Netherlands), Venta Kotsere (Latvia), Jhana Tolisbaeva (Kazakhstan), Arto Mustaioki (Finland), Mehri Madarshahi (France), Roberto Righi (Italy), Stefano Grandi (Italy), Yordan Lyutskanov (Bulgarian), Kamal Makili-Aliyev (Azerbaijan), Irina Andriushenko (Ukraine), Maria Dimasi (Greece), Ritsuko Inoue (Japan), Ala Sainenco (Moldova), Manuel Filipe da Costa (Portugal). Редакционный совет Джони Апакидзе (Грузия), Делвин Гарнишч (США), Билял Диндар (Турция), Кямал Абдулла (Азербайджан), Эндрю Харрис (Великобритания), Мария Корнелия Барлиба (Румыния), Дорис Фегель (Австрия), Светлана Тер-Минасова (Россия), Петр Кононенко (Украина), Георгий Попа (Молдова), Илона Манелиду (Греция), Ильяс Устуньер (Турция), Анна Агранат (Израиль), Лала Ахмедова (Азербайджан), Айтен Мустафаева (Азербайджан), Давид Гоциридзе (Грузия), Леонид Джахая (Грузия), Михаил Богуцкий (Польша), Виллем Хендрик де Бофорт (Нидерланды), Вента Коцере (Латвия), Жанна Толысбаeва (Казахстан), Арто Мустайоки (Финландия), Мери Мадаршахи (Франция), Роберто Ричи (Италия), Стефано Гранди (Италия), Йордан Люцканов (Бoлгария), Кямал Макили-Алиев (Азербайджан), Ирина Андрющенко (Украина), Мария Димаси (Греция), Ритсуко Иноуэ (Япония), Алла Сайненко (Молдова), Мануэль Филипе де Коста (Португалия). EAN 9771512 43 6007 2 filologia - PHILOLOGY - ФИЛОЛОГИЯ elene javeliZe (saqarTvelo) Jerar de nervalis esTetikis zogierTi niSan-Tviseba iahia qemalis mxatvrul azrovnebaSi Turquli mwerlobis istoriaSi iahia qemali (1884-1958) sruliad gamor- Ceuli figuraa. misi Rvawli axali Turquli literaturis formirebis procesSi mravalgzis aris aRniSnuli. poetis Semoqmedebis upirvelesi Sem- faseblebi, misi Tanamedrove literatorebi, iahia qemals, arc meti, arc naklebi, `RmerT poetad~ Tvlidnen (Tunç, 1998:126); amtkicebdnen, rom `Tur- qul mwerlobaSi mas badali ar hyavs~ (Oksal, 1998:482). is aris `poeti, ro- melsac Turquli mwerloba erTi saukune eloda~ (Tanpınar, 1969:547). iahia qemalis Semoqmedebis Seswavlisas mecnierTa Soris erTgvari Se- jibrebac ki gaimarTa, vin ufro aRmatebul xarisxSi warmoaCenda poetis naRvaws; Tavs iwonebdnen imiT, rom Caswvdnen iahia qemalis naazrevs, cdi- lobdnen, warmoedginaT poetis, rogorc Turquli mwerlobis ganmaviTare- belis, roli. iahia qemalis gardacvalebis Semdeg ki, TiTqos, misi magiuri qarizma sadRac gaqrao, aRfrTovanebuli diTirambebis adgili gaurkvevel- ma butbutma Secvala. nurulah aTaCi, romelsac iahia qemali `Turqi eris yvelaze did poetad~ miaCnda da camde ahyavda, mogvianebiT: kategoriuli aRmatebuli Sefasebebisgan Tavs Sevikaveb, `mesircxvilebao~, _ acxadebda (Kabaklı, 1994:752). saerTod, ahmed haSimisa da iahia qemalis, am ori udidesi poetis, gar- Semo literatorTa wreSi didi xnis ganmavlobaSi kamaTi ar wydeboda. mec- nierebi xan erTi, xan meore poetis Rirsebebs gacxarebiT icavdnen, ra Tqma unda, uapelacio gancxadebebs akeTebdnen: `Cveni ubrwyinvalesi poeti~ an `misi poeziis dari ar arsebobs~ da sxva (Yücel, 1998:104). ahmed haSimisa da iahia qemalis Rvawli dRevandel Turqul samecniero literaturaSi je- rovnad aris Sefasebuli. dapirispirebul mxareTa poziciebi istoriuli realiebis konteqstSi ganixileba. axali Taobis mkvlevrebi ahmed haSimisa da iahia qemalis lirikas ukve rogorc diaqronul WrilSi, aseve, sinqro- nul sibrtyeze ikvleven. iahia qemalma cxra weli gaatara parizSi, gaecno frangul mwerlobas, Seiswavla romantikosebi, Semdeg _ parnaselebi da, bolos, simbolizms Ca- uRrmavda. evropidan dabrunebulma poetma literaturul wreebSi udidesi avtoriteti moipova. am TvalsazrisiT, mas malarmesac adarebdnen, oRond, erTi gansxvavebiT: malarmes quCa da saxli zepirad icoda yvela simbolis- tma da isic icodnen, rom masTan Sexvedra mxolod gansazRvrul dros iyo SesaZlebeli (samSabaTobiT), xolo, rac Seexeba iahia qemals, mas `mosiaru- le poeti~ uwodes, radgan am menestrels nebismier saaTze, nebismier yava- xanaSi, restoransa an klubSi SeiZleboda Sexvedroda adamiani: `yovel wams SeiZleba sadme SeefeTo dRisiT da RamiT, is Cveni `momTabare malar- 3 mea~, _ aRniSnavs poetisadmi kritikulad ganwyobili mecnieri (Yücel, 1998:104). iahia qemali ganmartavda: `leqsis musikaluri JReradoba musikisgan gansxvavebulia~, masSi `Cveni Sinagani harmoniaa~ gancxadebuli. leqsis yo- vel pwkarSi ganxorcielebul SemoqmedebiT princips igi `Sinagani keTil- xmovanebisa da harmoniis~ Seqmnis mcdelobas eZaxda, amgvari formiT Seq- mnil leqss ki `wminda poezias~ uwodebda (Kemal, 1984:9-21), anu iahia qemali sityvebis gamoyenebisas sakuTriv poetur _ onomatopoetur prioritetebs ar aniWebs did mniSvnelobas; misi xedviT, poetma unda ipovos raRac ufro mniSvnelovani musikis jadosnur ZalaSi, vidre es aris asonansebi da ali- teracia. mas esmis, rom musikalurobis saidumlo aris ara bgerebSi, aramed _ instrumentalizaciaSi. Turqi mecnieri vehbi eralfi gvimtkicebs, rom abat bremonamde `wminda poeziis~ cneba iahia qemals hqonda gamoTqmuli. mas mniSnelovnad miaCnia is faqti, rom qemalica da bremonic TavianT koncepcias erTgvar terminebsa da gamoTqmebSi gamoxataven, magram poeziisa da musikis daaxloebis kon- cefcia, leqsis, rogorc specifikuri musikaluri nawarmoebis, principebi jer kidev simbolizmis avangardulma frTam bodleris, verlenis, malarmes saxiT naTlad gamoxata. leqsis Sinagani JReradobis, harmoniis principebi swored maTi Camoyalibebulia. es Sexedulebebi arc Turquli simbolizmis- Tvis aris ucxo (Haşim, 1999:69-77). `principSi, XIX saukunis bolodan `wminda poeziis~ koncefcia gavrce- lebuli iyo, _ aRiarebs vehbi eralfi, _ bremonma da iahia qemalma erTmane- Tis Sesaxeb araferi icodnen, magram isini erTgvarma xedvam Seipyro (...) ia- hia qemals xelT esTetikosTa mier gamoTqmuli oqros kveTis sazomi aqvs. erTi mxriv, is Tavis leqss am sazomiT qmnis, meore mxriv, Cveni poezia am sazomis sasworze izomeba~ (Eralp, 1960:34). marTalia, Turqi mecnieri mzad aris iahia qemals miaweros `wminda po- eziis~ cnebis Semqmnelis privilegia (iahia qemalma es termini 1913 wels ga- moiyena, xolo bremonma ki _ mxolod 1925 wels), magram sxva ra gza gvaqvs, kidev erTxel unda ganvmartoT, rom `wminda poezia~, rogorc termini, aba- ti bremonis ganmartebiT, pirvelad pol valerim gamoiyena, rasac pol va- leris protesti mohyva, radgan am termins valerisaTvis mxolod konkre- tul konteqstSi hqonda mniSvneloba (Balakian, 1962:165). sagulisxmoa is faqti, rom iahia qemali naTlad ganmartavda, rom `sim- bolistebma wminda poezia TavianTi Teoriis `principad~ aRiares da is am mimdinareobis Semadgenel nawilad iTvleba~ (Kemal,1984: 163). rogorc Cans, vehbi eralfisTvis cnobili ar iyo iahia qemalis es ganmarteba, anda, iahia qemalis gandidebis survilma mas Tavgza aubnia. sabahaTin eiuboRlusTvis iahia qemali aris `kriteriumi, romliTac Turqulma kritikam unda ixelmZRevanelos~. mecnieris azriT, `frangebis mi- er Camoyalibebuli wminda poeziis (poésie pure) iahia qemaliseuli gaazreba frangulze ufro marTebulia, radgan misi kvintesencia axal frangul poe- ziaze metad Zvel Turqul poeziaSia gamovlenili. pol valeri rom eZebda da abatma bremonma rom aRwera wminda poezia, Cven saukuneebis ganmavloba- Si Zvalsa da rbilSi gvaqvs gamjdario~, _ gvimtkicebs mkvlevari (Eyüboğlu, 1998:86). 4 rogorc sabahaTin euboRlus msjelobidan Cans, igi literaturul procesebs Tvals adevnebs, magram misi Sexedulebebi vehbi eralfis fanta- ziebis inveqtivad ar unda gavigoT. isic darwmunebulia, rom iahia qemalis `wminda poeziis~ gaazreba frangebis
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