QF-E-002
Republic Hydrometeorological Service of Serbia Kneza Viseslava 66 11000 Belgrade Republic of Serbia
MONTHLY BULLETIN FOR SERBIA
APRIL 2021
Belgrade, the 5th of May 2021
Division for Climate Monitoring and Climate Forecast Department of National Center for Climate Change, Climate Model Development and Disaster Risk Assessment web: http://www.hidmet.gov.rs mail: [email protected]
CONTENTS
AIR TEMPERATURE ...... 1 Mean monthly air temperature ...... 1 Maximum air temperature ...... 3 Minimum air temperature ...... 4 PRECIPITATION ...... 7 CLOUD COVER, BRIGHT AND CLOUDY DAYS ...... 10 SUNSHINE DURATION (INSOLATION) ...... 12 OVERVIEW OF THE SYNOPTIC SITUATION* ...... 13 APPENDIX ...... 14 Mean monthly air temperature ...... 14 Maximum air temperature ...... 18 Minimum air temperature ...... 22 Precipitation...... 26
Cold and averagely rainy April Cold wave was recorded in Kikinda, Zrenjanin, Belgrade, Loznica, Kraljevo, Krusevac, Sjenica, Vranje, Dimitrovgrad and Zlatibor Record-breaking snow depth in April in Pozega, Loznica, Belgrade, Valjevo, Smederevska Palanka and Banatski Karlovac
AIR TEMPERATURE Mean monthly air temperature
th nd April 2021 ranksRank as of 7 the coldest warmest April and coldest for Serbia April in (Figure Serbia for 1) thefor 1951 the -period2021 period 1951-2021 and 2 coldest for Banatski Karlovacrelative since to 1986. the 1981 -2010 base period
2018 2000 1961 1952 2016 1989 1968 2009 1986 1983 1966 2013 1998 2019 2012 2007 1972 2006 2008 1962 5.0
4.0
2010 -
3.0 1981 2.0
1.0
relative to relative C)
o 0.0
-1.0
-2.0 2021
-3.0 Tmean anomaly ( Tmean anomaly
-4.0
-5.0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 1997 1955 1982 1980 1958 1954 2021 1991 1984 1974 1973 1965 1979 1988 1969 1977 1981 2003 1967 1978
warmest April coldest April Figure 1. Rank of the warmest and coldest April in Serbia for the 1951-2021 period Mean April air temperature ranged from 8.2ºС in Pozega to 10.6ºС in Belgrade and on the mountains from 0.5ºС at Kopaonik to 5.2ºС at Zlatibor (Figure 2). Departure of the mean monthly air temperature from the normal1 for the 1981–2010 base period ranged from –2.6ºС in Veliko Gradiste to –1.6ºС in Vranje, and in Belgrade –2.3ºС (Figure 3). Mean air temperature in April, based on the percentile method2, was in the very cold category in most of the country, cold category in Vranje, Sjenica and Crni Vrh, Zlatibor and Kopaonik (Figure 4).
1 Term normal refers to climatological standard normal, that is, the average value of a particular climate element, calculated for the period from January 1, 1981 to December 31, 2010 2 n-th percentile of a variable refers to the value of the observed variable below which there is n percent of data previously arranged in an ascending order 1
Figure 2. Spatial distribution of mean monthly air Figure 3. Spatial distribution of mean monthly air temperature (ºС) temperature anomaly (ºС)
Figure 4. Spatial distribution of mean monthly air temperature according to the percentile method
2 Daily course of the mean daily air temperature and the accompanying percentiles for Belgrade is shown in Figure 5, whilst for the stations Sombor, Novi Sad, Loznica, Negotin, Kragujevac, Zlatibor, Nis and Vranje are given in the Appendix.
Mean daily air temperature in Belgrade April 2021 25 extremly warm
20 very warm warm
15 С)
о 10
Т ( cold very cold 5
0 еxtremly cold
-5 date 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29
> 98. percentile 91-98. percentile 76-90. percentile 25-75. percentile 10-24. percentile 2-9. percentile < 2. percentile Тmean normal Tmean
Figure 5. Daily course of the mean daily air temperature and accompanying percentiles for Belgrade
Maximum air temperature
Mean maximum air temperature in April ranged from 14.7ºС on Palic to 16.9ºС in Leskovac. Belgrade observed mean maximum air temperature of 20.7ºС. On the mountains, mean maximum April air temperature ranged from 4.4ºС at Kopaonik to 10.9ºС in Sjenica. Based on the percentile method, mean monthly maximum air temperature was in the cold category in most of the country, very cold category in the northern parts and normal category in Leskovac. In April, the highest maximum daily air temperature of 31.0ºС was measured in Leskovac on April 30. On the same day, Belgrade observed highest daily air temperature of 26.9ºС.
Kopaonik recorded seven days, whereas Crni Vrh registered one ice day3, which is four days and one day above the April average, respectively. In April 2021, three summer days4 were recorded in Kragujevac, Nis, Leskovac and Vranje. Number of summer days was below the average in most of Serbia apart from Vranje and Kragujevac where it was 1 day above the average.
3 Ice day refers to a day with maximum air temperature lower than 0 °С 4 Summer day refers to a day with maximum air temperature of 25 °С and above 3 Daily course of the maximum daily air temperature and the accompanying percentiles for Belgrade is shown in Figure 6, whilst for the stations Sombor, Novi Sad, Loznica, Negotin, Kragujevac, Zlatibor, Nis and Vranje are given in the Appendix.
Maximum daily air temperature in Belgrade April 2021 35 extremly warm
30
very warm 25 warm
20
С)
о Т ( 15 cold
10 very cold
5 еxtremly cold аbsolute maximum: 32.4 С (30.04.2013.) 0 date 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29
> 98. percentile 91-98. percentile 76-90. percentile 25-75. percentile 10-24. percentile 2-9. percentile < 2. percentile Тmax normal Тmax
Figure 6. Daily course of the maximum daily air temperature and accompanying percentiles for Belgrade
Minimum air temperature
Mean minimum air temperature in April ranged from 1.9ºС in Pozega to 5.9ºС in Belgrade. On the mountains, mean minimum air temperature ranged from –3.2ºС at Kopaonik to 0.8ºС at Zlatibor.
Based on the percentile method, mean monthly air temperature was in the very cold category in most of the country, cold category in Sombor, Kragujevac, Cuprija, Zajecar as well as Crni Vrh and Kopaonik. Frost days5 were recorded in April in entire Serbia. Number of frost days in the lowland ranged from two days in Negotin and Belgrade to 10 in Pozega, whilst on the mountains their number ranged from 13 days at Crni Vrh to 23 days at Kopaonik. The recorded number of frost days was above the April average across the entire country, from one day in Negotin to eight days above the average on Zlatibor. Kopaonik recorded three days with severe frost6, which is two days above the April average.
5 Frost day refers to a day with minimum air temperature lower than 0 °С 6 Day with severe frost refers to a day with minimum air temperature lower than –10 °С 4
In the period from April 4 to 11, cold wave7 was recorded in Kikinda, Zrenjanin, Belgrade, Loznica, Kraljevo, Krusevac, Sjenica, Vranje, Dimitrovgrad and Zlatibor, lasting from five to six days (Chart 1).
Chart 1. Cold waves during April 2021
COLD WAVES IN SERBIA - АPRIL 2021 (reference period 1981-2010) А P R I L
station/day 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 PALIC SOMBOR KIKINDA EC VC VC EC EC ZRENJANIN VC EC VC VC EC VC NOVI SAD SR. MITROVICA BEOGRAD VC VC VC VC EC VC LOZNICA VC VC EC EC VC VALJEVO V.GRADISTE SM. PALANKA LKRAGUJEVAC KRALJEVO VC VC VC VC VC POZEGA ZLATIBOR VC VC VC VC VC VC CUPRIJA KRUSEVAC VC VC VC VC VC VC NEGOTIN ZAJECAR CRNI VRH KOPAONIK SJENICA VC VC EC EC VC NIS VRANJE VC VC EC EC VC DIMITROVGRAD VC VC EC VC VC LESKOVAC KRUSEVAC B. KARLOVAC
7 Cold wave is, according to the percentile method, is a period during which minimum daily air temperature is in the very cold and extremely cold categories for 5 consecutive days or longer 5 Figure 7 shows assessment of the minimum and maximum air temperature in Serbia for April based on the tercile distribution relative to the 1981-2010 base period. It can be noted that the maximum and minimum air temperature are below lower tercile.
Serbia - April reference period 1981-2010. 10.0
9.0 18
C) o 8.0 89 00 7.0 14 16 06 0499 83 08 19 98 94 10 8609 6.0 66 pcn 6.0 12 13 11 50 pcn 5.1 90 85 5.0 05 92 9602 33 pcn 4.5 87 88 01 9317 95 15 84 4.0 91 03 07 81 20 21 3.0 82 1981-1990
2.0 1991-2000 Mean minimum Mean minimum air temperature ( 97 2001-2010
1.0 2011-2020
33 pcn 16.0 33 50 pcn 16.6 50 66 pcn 17.3 66 2021-2030 0.0 10.0 11.0 12.0 13.0 14.0 15.0 16.0 17.0 18.0 19.0 20.0 21.0 22.0 23.0
Mean maximum air temperature (oC)
Figure 7. Assessment of mean maximum and mean minimum air temperature for April in Serbia with the accompanying terciles compared to the 1981-2010 normal Daily course of the minimum daily air temperature and the accompanying percentiles for Belgrade is shown in Figure 8, whilst for the stations Sombor, Novi Sad, Loznica, Negotin, Kragujevac, Zlatibor, Nis and Vranje are given in the Appendix.
Minimum daily air temperature in Belgrade April 2021 25
extremly warm 20
15 very warm
warm С)
о о 10 Т ( Т
5 cold very cold
0 еxtremly cold аbsolute minimum: -6.1 С (01.04.1931.) -5 date 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29
> 98. percentile 91-98. percentile 76-90. percentile 25-75. percentile 10-24. percentile 2-9. percentile < 2. percentile Тmin normal Tmin
Figure 8. Daily course of the minimum daily air temperature and accompanying percentiles for Belgrade 6 PRECIPITATION In April, precipitation sums ranged from 22.7 mm in Kikinda to 73.9 mm at Zlatibor, whilst Belgrade recorded 50.7 mm of precipitation (Figure 9). Total precipitation sums relative to the normal for the 1981-2010 base period ranged from 62% in Negotin to 154% in Dimitrovgrad (Figure 10). Based on the percentile method, precipitation sums were in the normal category in most of the country, in Negotin, Nis and Crni Vrh in the dry category, and in the rainy category in Dimitrovgrad (Figure 11). The highest daily precipitation sum of 23.8 mm was registered at Kopaonik on April 4. On April 18, Belgrade recorded maximum daily precipitation sum of 14.2 mm. Number of days with precipitation in April ranged from nine in Negotin to 20 days at Zlatibor, whilst Belgrade recorded 15 days (Figure 12). The observed number of days with precipitation was in a range from two days below the average in Negotin up to five days above the average in Kursumlija (Figure 13). Kopaonik recorded one day with precipitation sum of 20 mm and above.
Figure 9. Spatial distribution of the monthly Figure 10. Spatial distribution of the monthly precipitation precipitation sums (mm) according to data from 28 sums in the percentages of normal for the 1981–2010 base major meteorological, 22 climatological and 75 rain period gauge stations
7
Figure 11. Monthly precipitation sums according to the percentile method
Figure 12. Spatial distribution of number of days with Figure 13. Spatial distribution of deviation of number precipitation of days with precipitation
8 In the lowland, one day with snow cover was recorded in most of central and southeastern Serbia, whereas in the hilly-mountainous regions number of days with snow cover ranged from six in Sjenica to 30 at Kopaonik. The highest snow depth of 106 cm was measured on April 1 and 5 at Kopaonik. As for the lowland, record-breaking snow depth for April was observed on April 7 in Pozega – 15 cm (previous record of 11 cm from 1973), Loznica – 14 cm (previous record of 9 cm from 1981), Belgrade – 10 cm (previous record of 7 cm from 1996 and 1997), Valjevo – 9 cm (previous record of 7 cm from 1986), Smederevska Palanka – 9 cm (previous record of 8 cm from 1997) and Banatski Karlovac – 2 cm, where snow cover was never observed in April since the record-keeping began. Figure 14 shows assessment of the air temperature and precipitation sums for Serbia for April based on the tercile distribution relative to the 1981-2010 base period. It can be noted that April 2021 was marked by air temperature significantly below multiannual average and precipitation sums within the average.
Serbia - April reference period 1981-2010. 140
14 120 01
100
80 9906 12 97 10 89 66 pcn 64.6 91 17 9294 04 8702 85 60 05 19 50 pcn 54.4 82 9095 21 84 81 08 33 pcn 45.1 88 96 86 15 98 16 40 03 00 13 18 93 83 Precipitation (mm) Precipitation (mm) 20 20 11 09 07 1981-1990 0 1991-2000 2001-2010 -20 2011-2020
2021-2030
33 pcn 10.1 33 50 pcn 10.7 50 -40 pcn 11.5 66 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0 11.0 12.0 13.0 14.0 15.0 16.0
Temperature (oC)
Figure 14. Assessment of mean air temperature and precipitation sums for April in Serbia with the accompanying terciles compared to the 1981-2010 normal
9 Daily and cumulative precipitation sums together with 1981-2010 normals in April for Belgrade is shown in Figure 15, whilst for the stations Sombor, Novi Sad, Loznica, Negotin, Kragujevac, Zlatibor, Nis and Vranje are given in the Appendix.
Daily and cumulative precipitation in Belgrade
100 monthly absolute maximum: 157.9 mm (2001.) 90 % 50 daily absolute maximum: 75.6 mm (22.04.1892.) 90
80
40 70
60 30 50
40
recipitation recipitation (mm) 20
p 30 cumulative cumulative precipitation (%) 10 20 10
0 0 date 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29
daily precipitation (mm) cumulative precipitation for 1981-2010. (mm) base period cumulative precipitation (%)
Figure 15. Daily and cumulative precipitation in Belgrade
CLOUD COVER, BRIGHT AND CLOUDY DAYS Mean April cloud cover in Serbia was below the average, ranging from 6/10 to 7/10. Figures 16 and 17 show average daily cloud cover in April for Belgrade and Kopaonik. Number of bright days8 ranged from one day at Kopaonik to six days in Banatski Karlovac, Loznica, Negotin and Zlatibor. Belgrade recorded five bright days. The observed number of bright days was within the average in most of the country, two days above the average in the easternmost and westernmost parts of Serbia, and up to three days below the April average in some central, southeastern and northern parts of the country. In April, number of cloudy days9 in Serbia ranged from seven in Banatski Karlovac and Belgrade to 13 days in Zajecar and Kopaonik. At most places, number of cloudy days was up to four days above the average, in some places in northern and southern parts of the country up to one day below the April average.
8 Bright day refers to a day with cloud cover less than 2/10 9 Cloudy day refers to a day with cloud cover over 8/10 10 Belgrade 10.0
9.0
8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
3.0 Mean daily cloud cover (1/10) dailycover Mean cloud
2.0
1.0
0.0 days
Mean daily cloud cover (1/10) Average cloud cover in April 2021 Normal of average cloud cover in April for 1981 - 2010 base period Figure 16. Mean daily cloud cover in Belgrade
Kopaonik 10.0
9.0
8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
3.0 Mean daily cloud cover (1/10) cover daily Mean cloud
2.0
1.0
0.0 days
Mean daily cloud cover (1/10) Average cloud cover in April 2021 Normal of average cloud cover in April for 1981 - 2010 base period Figure 17. Mean daily cloud cover at Kopaonik
11 SUNSHINE DURATION (INSOLATION)
Sunshine duration in April ranged from 142.1 hours in Zajecar to 199.7 hours in Cuprija (Figure 18). April insolation ranged from 86% in Sombor, Zajecar and Crni Vrh to 120% in Krusevac relative to the normal for the 1981-2010 base period (Figure 19).
Figure 18. Insolation in hours Figure 19. Insolation in percentage of normal
Note: Climate analysis of meteorological elements was done based on the preliminary data obtained from 28 main meteorological stations
12 OVERVIEW OF THE SYNOPTIC SITUATION*
Cyclone activities in the north of the continent, cold fronts and frequent, shallow ill- formations in the geopotential field in the northwesterly circulation; cold weather with rain followed by snow in the lowland; in the second part of the month, development of ground cyclone in the Genoa Bay, central Mediterranean and Levant; somewhat warmer but predominantly rainy weather.
Most of the first decade was characterized by influence of deep cyclone and cold air mass from the north of the continent. Cold weather with scattered rain and snow was observed in the lowland of the central, southwestern and southern Serbia. Period at the end of the first decade and the ensuing days were marked by gradual rise in geopotential and influence of the ridge from northern and central Mediterranean, settled weather with predominantly dry and warmer conditions with light morning frost at most places.
The period as of 13 April was marked by April cyclone activity from northwest, development of ground cyclone in the western Mediterranean and waves of wet air predominantly in the westerly upper air circulation. Simultaneously, recurrent drop of geopotential and influence of the upper air cyclone from northern and central Europe was observed. Accordingly, until the end of the second decade, weather was considerably colder with scattered rain and snow on the mountains. Southern and southwestern as well as northeastern parts of the country received precipitation more frequently.
Period at the beginning of the third decade was marked by upper air cyclone filling and rise in geopotential across the Balkans and southern Europe with pertaining western circulation component, producing warmer weather, cloudy with patches of light rain. In the middle of the third decade, short break and predominantly dry and slightly warmer conditions prevailed. In a subsequent period, another cold atmospheric front emanating from northwest followed by activities of the ground cyclone in the central and eastern Mediterranean and cloudy weather with scattered rain were observed.
At the end of the month, considerably warmer and predominantly dry conditions prevail given advection of the warmer air mass across the central and western Mediterranean and deepening of the valley across the eastern Atlantic and western Europe.
* National Center for Hydrometeorlogical Early Warning and Alert System
13 APPENDIX Mean monthly air temperature
Mean daily air temperature in Sombor April 2021 25 extremly warm
20 very warm warm
15 С)
о 10
Т ( cold very cold 5
0 еxtremly cold
-5 date 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29
> 98. percentile 91-98. percentile 76-90. percentile 25-75. percentile 10-24. percentile 2-9. percentile < 2. percentile Тmean normal Tmean
Appendix 1. Daily course of the mean daily air temperature and accompanying percentile for Sombor
Mean daily air temperature in Novi Sad April 2021 25 extremly warm
20 very warm warm
15
С)
о о Т ( Т 10
cold very cold 5
еxtremly cold 0 date 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29
> 98. percentile 91-98. percentile 76-90. percentile 25-75. percentile 10-24. percentile 2-9. percentile < 2. percentile Тmean normal Tmean
Appendix 2. Daily course of the mean daily air temperature and accompanying percentile for Novi Sad
14
Mean daily air temperature in Loznica April 2021 25 extremly warm
20 very warm warm
15 С)
о 10
Т ( cold very cold 5
0 еxtremly cold
-5 date 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29
> 98. percentile 91-98. percentile 76-90. percentile 25-75. percentile 10-24. percentile 2-9. percentile < 2. percentile Тmean normal Tmean
Appendix 3. Daily course of the mean daily air temperature and accompanying percentile for Loznica
Mean daily air temperature in Kragujevac April 2021 25 extremly warm
20 very warm warm
15 С)
о о 10
Т ( Т cold
5 very cold
0
еxtremly cold
-5 date 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29
> 98. percentile 91-98. percentile 76-90. percentile 25-75. percentile 10-24. percentile 2-9. percentile < 2. percentile Тmean normal Tmean Appendix 4. Daily course of the mean daily air temperature and accompanying percentile for Kragujevac
15 Mean daily air temperature in Negotin April 2021 25 extremly warm
20
very warm warm
15
С)
о Т ( 10 cold
5 very cold
еxtremly cold 0 date 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29
> 98. percentile 91-98. percentile 76-90. percentile 25-75. percentile 10-24. percentile 2-9. percentile < 2. percentile Тmean normal Tmean Appendix 5. Daily course of the mean daily air temperature and accompanying percentile for Negotin
Mean daily air temperature at Zlatibor April 2021 20 extremly warm
15 very warm warm
10 С)
о о 5
Т ( Т cold
0 very cold
-5 еxtremly cold
-10 date 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29
> 98. percentile 91-98. percentile 76-90. percentile 25-75. percentile 10-24. percentile 2-9. percentile < 2. percentile Тmean normal Tmean
Appendix 6. Daily course of the mean daily air temperature and accompanying percentile for Zlatibor
16 Mean daily air temperature in Nis April 2021 25 extremly warm
20 very warm warm
15 С)
о 10
Т ( cold
5 very cold
0 еxtremly cold
-5 date 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29
> 98. percentile 91-98. percentile 76-90. percentile 25-75. percentile 10-24. percentile 2-9. percentile < 2. percentile Тmean normal Tmean
Appendix 7. Daily course of the mean daily air temperature and accompanying percentile for Nis
Mean daily air temperature in Vranje April 2021 25 extremly warm
20
very warm warm
15 С)
о о 10 Т ( Т cold
5 very cold
0
еxtremly cold -5 date 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29
> 98. percentile 91-98. percentile 76-90. percentile 25-75. percentile 10-24. percentile 2-9. percentile < 2. percentile Тmean normal Tmean
Appendix 8. Daily course of the mean daily air temperature and accompanying percentile for Vranje
17 Maximum air temperature
Maximum daily air temperature in Sombor April 2021 35
extremly warm 30
very warm 25 warm
20
С)
о
( Т 15 cold
10 very cold
5 еxtremly cold аbsolute maximum: 30.8 С (29.04.2018.) 0 date 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29
> 98. percentile 91-98. percentile 76-90. percentile 25-75. percentile 10-24. percentile 2-9. percentile < 2. percentile Тmax normal Тmax
Appendix 9. Daily course of the maximum daily air temeperature and the accompanying percentile for Sombor
Maximum daily air temperature in Novi Sad April 2021 35 extremly warm
30
very warm 25 warm
20
С)
о о
( Т Т 15 cold
10 very cold
5 еxtremly cold аbsolute maximum: 31.4 С (30.04.2013.) 0 date 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29
> 98. percentile 91-98. percentile 76-90. percentile 25-75. percentile 10-24. percentile 2-9. percentile < 2. percentile Тmax normal Тmax Appendix 10. Daily course of the maximum daily air temeperature and the accompanying percentile for Novi Sad
18 Maximum daily air temperature in Loznica April 2021 35 extremly warm 30
very warm 25 warm
20
С)
о
( Т 15 cold 10 very cold
5 еxtremly cold аbsolute maximum: 32.0 С (30/17.04.2003/2016.) 0 date 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29
> 98. percentile 91-98. percentile 76-90. percentile 25-75. percentile 10-24. percentile 2-9. percentile < 2. percentile Тmax normal Тmax
Appendix 11. Daily course of the maximum daily air temeperature and the accompanying percentile for Loznica Maximum daily air temperature in Kragujevac April 2021 35 extremly warm 30
very warm 25 warm
20
С)
о о Т ( Т 15 cold 10 very cold
5 еxtremly cold аbsolute maximum: 32.0 С (30.04.2013.) 0 date 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29
> 98. percentile 91-98. percentile 76-90. percentile 25-75. percentile 10-24. percentile 2-9. percentile < 2. percentile Тmax normal Тmax
Appendix 12. Daily course of the maximum daily air temeperature and the accompanying percentile for Kragujevac
19 Maximum daily air temperature in Negotin April 2021 35 extremly warm
30
25 very warm warm
20
С)
о Т ( 15 cold
10 very cold
5 еxtremly cold аbsolute maximum: 32.0 С (18.04.2016.) 0 date 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29
> 98. percentile 91-98. percentile 76-90. percentile 25-75. percentile 10-24. percentile 2-9. percentile < 2. percentile Тmax normal Тmax
Appendix 13. Daily course of the maximum daily air temeperature and the accompanying percentile for Negotin
Maximum daily air temperature at Zlatibor April 2021 30 extremly warm
25
very warm 20 warm
15
С)
о о Т ( Т 10 cold 5 very cold
0 еxtremly cold аbsolute maximum: 26.4 С (30.04.2013.) -5 date 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29
> 98. percentile 91-98. percentile 76-90. percentile 25-75. percentile 10-24. percentile 2-9. percentile < 2. percentile Тmax normal Тmax
Appendix 14. Daily course of the maximum daily air temeperature and the accompanying percentile for Zlatibor
20
Maximum daily air temperature in Nis April 2021 35 extremly warm 30 very warm 25 warm
20 С) о 15 Т ( cold
10 very cold
5
0 еxtremly cold аbsolute maximum: 33.0 С (10.04.1985.) -5 date 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29
> 98. percentile 91-98. percentile 76-90. percentile 25-75. percentile 10-24. percentile 2-9. percentile < 2. percentile Тmax normal Тmax Appendix 15. Daily course of the maximum daily air temeperature and the accompanying percentile for Nis
Maximum daily air temperature in Vranje April 2021 35 extremly warm 30
25 very warm warm
20 С)
о о 15 Т ( Т cold 10 very cold 5
0 еxtremly cold аbsolute maximum: 31.5 С (10.04.1985.) -5 date 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29
> 98. percentile 91-98. percentile 76-90. percentile 25-75. percentile 10-24. percentile 2-9. percentile < 2. percentile Тmax normal Тmax Appendix 16. Daily course of the maximum daily air temeperature and the accompanying percentile for Vranje
21 Minimum air temperature
Minimum daily air temperature in Sombor April 2021 20 extremly warm
15
very warm
10 warm С)
о 5 Т ( cold 0 very cold
-5 еxtremly cold аbsolute minimum: -5.6 С (08/10.04.2002/2012.) -10 date 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29
> 98. percentile 91-98. percentile 76-90. percentile 25-75. percentile 10-24. percentile 2-9. percentile < 2. percentile Тmin normal Tmin
Appendix 17. Daily course of the minimum daily air temperature and the accompanying percentile for Sombor
Minimum daily air temperature in Novi Sad April 2021 20 extremly warm
15
very warm warm
10 С)
о о 5 Т ( Т cold 0 very cold
-5 еxtremly cold аbsolute minimum: -6.2 С (07.04.2003.) -10 date 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29
> 98. percentile 91-98. percentile 76-90. percentile 25-75. percentile 10-24. percentile 2-9. percentile < 2. percentile Тmin normal Tmin
Appendix 18. Daily course of the minimum daily air temperature and the accompanying percentile for Novi Sad
22
Minimum daily air temperature in Loznica April 2021 20 extremly warm
15
very warm
10 warm С)
о 5
Т ( cold very cold 0
-5 еxtremly cold
аbsolute minimum: -5.4 С (09.04.2003.) -10 date 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29
> 98. percentile 91-98. percentile 76-90. percentile 25-75. percentile 10-24. percentile 2-9. percentile < 2. percentile Тmin normal Tmin Appendix 19. Daily course of the minimum daily air temperature and the accompanying percentile for Loznica
Minimum daily air temperature in Kragujevac April 2021 20
extremly warm 15
very warm
10 warm С)
о о 5 Т ( Т cold 0 very cold
-5
еxtremly cold аbsolute minimum: -6.6 С (01.04.1931.) -10 date 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29
> 98. percentile 91-98. percentile 76-90. percentile 25-75. percentile 10-24. percentile 2-9. percentile < 2. percentile Тmin normal Tmin Appendix 20. Daily course of the minimum daily air temperature and the accompanying percentile for Kragujevac
23 Minimum daily air temperature in Negotin April 2021 20
extremly warm 15
very warm
10 warm С)
о 5 Т ( cold
0 very cold
-5
еxtremly cold аbsolute minimum: -4.9 С (09.04.2003.) -10 date 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29
> 98. percentile 91-98. percentile 76-90. percentile 25-75. percentile 10-24. percentile 2-9. percentile < 2. percentile Тmin normal Tmin
Appendix 21. Daily course of the minimum daily air temperature and the accompanying percentile for Negotin
Minimum daily air temperature at Zlatibor April 2021 15 extremly warm
10 very warm warm
5 С)
о о 0 cold Т ( Т very cold -5
-10 еxtremly cold аbsolute minimum: -8.8 С (08.04.2003.) -15 date 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29
> 98. percentile 91-98. percentile 76-90. percentile 25-75. percentile 10-24. percentile 2-9. percentile < 2. percentile Тmin normal Tmin
Appendix 22. Daily course of the minimum daily air temperature and the accompanying percentile for Zlatibor
24 Minimum daily air temperature in Nis April 2021 20 extremly warm
15 very warm
10 warm С)
о 5 Т ( cold 0 very cold
-5 еxtremly cold аbsolute minimum: -7.0 С (01.04.1931.) -10 date 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29
> 98. percentile 91-98. percentile 76-90. percentile 25-75. percentile 10-24. percentile 2-9. percentile < 2. percentile Тmin normal Tmin
Appendix 23. Daily course of the minimum daily air temperature and the accompanying percentile for Nis
Minimum daily air temperature in Vranje April 2021 20
extremly warm 15
10 very warm
warm С)
о о 5 Т ( Т
cold 0 very cold
-5 еxtremly cold аbsolute minimum: -6.6 С (09.04.2003.) -10 date 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29
> 98. percentile 91-98. percentile 76-90. percentile 25-75. percentile 10-24. percentile 2-9. percentile < 2. percentile Тmin normal Tmin
Appendix 24. Daily course of the minimum daily air temperature and the accompanying percentile for Vranje
25 Precipitation
Daily and cumulative precipitation in Sombor
100 monthly absolute maximum: 171.8 mm (1942.) 40 daily absolute maximum: 56.9 mm (12.04.2006.) 90 80 % 80
70 (%) 30 60
50 20
40 recipitation recipitation (mm)
p 30 cumulative cumulative precipitation 10 20
10
0 date 0 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29
daily precipitation (mm) cumulative precipitation for 1981-2010. (mm) base period cumulative precipitation (%)
Appendix 25. Daily and cumulative precipitation sums for Sombor
Daily and cumulative precipitation in Novi Sad 112 % 110 monthly absolute maximum: 156.0 mm (2001.) 50 daily absolute maximum: 40.2 mm (13.04.2001.) 100
90
40 80
70
30 60
50
recipitation (mm) recipitation 20 40 p
30 cumulative cumulative precipitation (%) 10 20
10
0 0 date 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29
daily precipitation (mm) cumulative precipitation for 1981-2010. (mm) base period cumulative precipitation (%)
Appendix 26. Daily and cumulative precipitation sums for Novi Sad
26 Daily and cumulative precipitation in Loznica 98 % 100 60 monthly absolute maximum: 167.2 mm (2014.) daily absolute maximum: 42.9 mm (01.04.1960.) 90
50 80
70 40 60
30 50
40 recipitation recipitation (mm)
p 20 30 cumulative cumulative precipitation (%) 20 10 10
0 0 date 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29
daily precipitation (mm) cumulative precipitation for 1981-2010. (mm) base period cumulative precipitation (%)
Appendix 27. Daily and cumulative precipitation sums for Loznica
Daily and cumulative precipitation in Kragujevac
100 monthly absolute maximum: 155.3 mm (2001.) 50 daily absolute maximum: 41.9 mm (28.04.1961.) 83 %90 80 40 70 (%)
60 30 50
40
20 recipitation (mm) recipitation
p 30 cumulative cumulative precipitation 10 20 10
0 0 date 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29
daily precipitation (mm) cumulative precipitation for 1981-2010. (mm) base period cumulative precipitation (%)
Appendix 28. Daily and cumulative precipitation sums for Kragujevac
27 Daily and cumulative precipitation in Negotin
100 monthly absolute maximum: 191.0 mm (1961.) 50 daily absolute maximum: 112.8 mm (25.04.1961.) 90
80 73 % 40 70
60 30 50
40
20 recipitation recipitation (mm)
p 30 cumulative cumulative precipitation (%) 10 20
10
0 0 date 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29
daily precipitation (mm) cumulative precipitation for 1981-2010. (mm) base period cumulative precipitation (%)
Appendix 29. Daily and cumulative precipitation sums for Negotin
Daily and cumulative precipitation at Zlatibor 100 % 100 monthly absolute maximum: 225.8 mm (2014.) 70 daily absolute maximum: 56.1 mm (27.04.1979.) 90
80 60 70 50 60
40 50
30 40 recipitation (mm) recipitation p 30
20 cumulative cumulative precipitation (%) 20 10 10
0 0 date 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29
daily precipitation (mm) cumulative precipitation for 1981-2010. (mm) base period cumulative precipitation (%)
Appendix 30. Daily and cumulative precipitation sums for Zlatibor
28 Daily and cumulative precipitation in Nis
100 monthly absolute maximum: 133.4 mm (2001.) 50 daily absolute maximum: 34.3 mm (23.04.1933.) 90 75 %80
40 70
60 30 50
40
recipitation recipitation (mm) 20
p 30 cumulative cumulative precipitation (%) 20 10 10
0 0 date 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29
daily precipitation (mm) cumulative precipitation for 1981-2010. (mm) base period cumulative precipitation (%)
Appendix 31. Daily and cumulative precipitation sums for Nis
Daily and cumulative precipitation in Vranje
100 50 monthly absolute maximum: 161.8 mm (2014.) daily absolute maximum: 36.0 mm (20.04.1938.) 87 %90
80 40 70
60 30 50
20 40 recipitation (mm) recipitation
p 30 cumulative cumulative precipitation (%) 10 20
10
0 0 date 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29
daily precipitation (mm) cumulative precipitation for 1981-2010. (mm) base period cumulative precipitation (%)
Appendix 32. Daily and cumulative precipitation sums for Vranje
29