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The Anti-Zionist Bridge: the East German
The Anti-Zionist Bridge: The East German Communist Contribution to Antisemitism's Revival After the Holocaust Author(s): Jeffrey Herf Source: Antisemitism Studies, Vol. 1, No. 1 (Spring 2017), pp. 130-156 Published by: Indiana University Press Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2979/antistud.1.1.05 Accessed: 29-07-2017 21:03 UTC JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at http://about.jstor.org/terms Indiana University Press is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Antisemitism Studies This content downloaded from 142.160.44.49 on Sat, 29 Jul 2017 21:03:03 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms The Anti-Zionist Bridge The East German Communist Contribution to Antisemitism’s Revival After the Holocaust JEFFREY HERF Communist anti-Zionism was an ideological offensive against the State of Israel whose advocates insisted that the accusation that they were motivated by antisemitism was an imperialist or Zionist trick to defuse legitimate criticism of Israel’s policies toward the Arabs and the Palestinians. The associated rhet- oric of anti-fascism, anti-imperialism and anti-racism made it possible for anti-Zionism to burst beyond the bounds of European neo-Nazi circles as well as its Arab and Palestinian or Islamist boundaries and became an enduring element of global Communist, radical leftist and third worldist politics. -
Gesamtheft 84
In diesem Heft Editorial Essay HERMANN KLENNER Über Marxens Religions- und Rechtskritik 5 Gesellschaft – Analysen & Alternativen PROGRAMMATISCHE PRINZIPIEN DER LINKEN PLATTFORM IN DER UNGARISCHEN SOZIALISTISCHEN PARTEI 11 TAMÁS KRAUSZ Aufstieg und Niedergang der Selbstverwaltung in Ungarn 26 ULRICH BUSCH Wirtschaftskriminalität im Transformationsprozeß 39 Die Linke im 20. Jahrhundert KARL-HEINZ GRÄFE Kominform – die Konferenzen 1947 und 1948 51 GERD KAISER Kurzen Prozeß machen! Hermann Field in den Fängen der polnischen Geheimpolizei 61 ALEXANDER TINSCHMIDT Die Außenpolitik der Regierung Imre Nagy. Ziele – Chancen – Grenzen 69 Standorte EVA STURM, EBERHARD SCHMIDT Ein Kommentar zur Programmatik der PDS oder das Problem der Diskursunfähigkeit 81 Festplatte WOLFGANG SABATH Die Wochen im Rückstau 89 Bücher & Zeitschriften Stalins Briefe an Molotow 1925-1936. Hrsg. von Lars T. Lih, Oleg Naumow und Oleg Chlewnjuk. Mit einem Vorwort von Robert C. Tucker, Berlin 1996 (ULRICH MÄHLERT)92 Hanna Behrend/Isolde Neubert-Köpsel/Stefan Lieske: Rückblick aus dem Jahr 2000 – Was haben Gesellschaftsutopien uns gebracht? Auf der Suche nach der verlorenen Zukunft. Schriftenreihe hrsg. von Hanna Behrend, Bd. 4, trafo verlag dr. wolfgang weist Berlin 1997 (URSULA HERRMANN)94 An unsere Autorinnen und Autoren Impressum 96 Editorial Als sich die Redaktion entschloß, die Prinzipiendeklaration der Linken Plattform in der Ungarischen Sozialistischen Partei zu ver- öffentlichen, konnte niemand wissen, wie gut dieses programmati- sche Papier schließlich in die gegenwärtige politisch-emotionale Landschaft passen würde. Denn inzwischen ist in deutschen Lan- den nach fast zweijähriger Ruhe wieder das Vorwahlkampffieber ausgebrochen. Die Parteien machen mobil. Und wie es sich für ein »Volk von Dichtern und Denkern« gehört, geschieht dies zunächst vor allem durch Denken und Dichten – ein in Vorschlag gebrach- tes Reformprojekt jagt das nächste Sofortprogramm, um tagtäglich von neuen Positionspapieren wieder in Frage gestellt zu werden. -
REFORM, RESISTANCE and REVOLUTION in the OTHER GERMANY By
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by University of Birmingham Research Archive, E-theses Repository RETHINKING THE GDR OPPOSITION: REFORM, RESISTANCE AND REVOLUTION IN THE OTHER GERMANY by ALEXANDER D. BROWN A thesis submitted to the University of Birmingham for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Department of Modern Languages School of Languages, Cultures, Art History and Music University of Birmingham January 2019 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. Abstract The following thesis looks at the subject of communist-oriented opposition in the GDR. More specifically, it considers how this phenomenon has been reconstructed in the state-mandated memory landscape of the Federal Republic of Germany since unification in 1990. It does so by presenting three case studies of particular representative value. The first looks at the former member of the Politbüro Paul Merker and how his entanglement in questions surrounding antifascism and antisemitism in the 1950s has become a significant trope in narratives of national (de-)legitimisation since 1990. The second delves into the phenomenon of the dissident through the aperture of prominent singer-songwriter, Wolf Biermann, who was famously exiled in 1976. -
Approach/Avoidance: Communists and Women in East Germany, 1945-9 Author(S): Donna Harsch Source: Social History, Vol
Approach/Avoidance: Communists and Women in East Germany, 1945-9 Author(s): Donna Harsch Source: Social History, Vol. 25, No. 2 (May, 2000), pp. 156-182 Published by: Taylor & Francis, Ltd. Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/4286643 Accessed: 24-04-2018 15:00 UTC JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at http://about.jstor.org/terms Taylor & Francis, Ltd. is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Social History This content downloaded from 35.176.47.6 on Tue, 24 Apr 2018 15:00:46 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms Social History Vol. 25 No. 2 May 2000 0* Donna Harsch Approach/avoidance: Communists and women in East Germany, 1945-9 In July 1945, a German Communist scolded fellow members of the KPD for how they talked to women in the Soviet zone of occupation. According to Irene Girtner (aka Elli Schmidt), her comrades opened lectures to female audiences with the question: 'Is it not a fact that Hitler came to power only because a high proportion of women succumbed to the poison of Nazi propaganda?'l A year later, Schmidt rued, Communists continued to make the 'error' of expounding on the guilt women bore for the fascist seizure of power.2 As late as May 1947, another woman in the party felt the need to point out that, infact, women had voted at a lower rate for Hitler in I928, only catching up to the male vote in I93I-2.3 For her part, Elli Schmidt did not question the accuracy of the charge but its political acumen. -
Dr. Joachim Hoffmann Ein Jahrhundert Sozialistenfriedhof
Dr. Joachim Hoffmann Ein Jahrhundert Sozialistenfriedhof Berlin-Friedrichsfelde Vorab eine Bemerkung zu meiner persönlichen Beziehung zum Thema: Am Anfang stand unmittelbar nach Rückkehr aus der Kriegsgefangenschaft das Erlebnis des Januar-Gedenkens 1950 vor dem früheren Standort des Revolutionsmonumentes. Es folgten ein halbes Jahrhundert Teilnahme an den jährlichen Zügen zur Gedenkstätte der Sozialisten. Viele Trauerfeiern und Ehrungen, vor allem aber Erkundungen in den komplett vorhandenen mehr als 60 Bänden des Friedhofsarchivs mit rund 250.000 Namen, sowie Gespräche mit zahlreichen Zeitzeugen ließen mich in diesen Jahrzehnten den Gedenkort Friedrichsfelde in seiner Gesamtheit und seiner mannigfaltigen Zeugenschaft für die widerspruchsvolle Vergangenheit der deutschen Arbeiterbewegung, ihre Höhen und Tiefen stets neu zu entdecken. Und seit fast fünfzehn Jahren bemühte ich mich, tausenden Besuchern aus allen Teilen Berlins, Deutschlands und auch des Auslands diese Stätte vor allem als eine Art Markenzeichen zu berlinischer Hauptstadtidentität und Bestandteil von 120 Jahren ihrer Sozial- und Kulturgeschichte sowie in ihrer Bedeutung für die neue deutsche Geschichte insgesamt nahezubringen und zu verstehen. Dazu gehören auch mancherlei Veröffentlichungen. Dies alles lag mir so mehr am Herzen, da selbst für die Mehrheit sich als links Verstehender Friedrichsfelde außerhalb der Ringmauer der Gedenkstätte - ja selbst diese in ihrer Grenze - eine Art "terra incognita" geblieben war. Ihre Kenntnis beschränkte sich häufig auf das Rondell mit -
Integration of East German Resettlers Into the Cultures and Societies of the GDR
Integration of East German Resettlers into the Cultures and Societies of the GDR Doctoral Thesis of Aaron M.P. Jacobson Student Number 59047878 University College London Degree: Ph.D. in History 1 DECLARATION I, Aaron M.P. Jacobson, confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indicated in the thesis. 2 ABSTRACT A controversy exists in the historiography of ethnic German post-WWII refugees and expellees who lived in the German Democratic Republic. This question is namely: to what extent were these refugees and expellees from various countries with differing cultural, religious, social and economic backgrounds integrated into GDR society? Were they absorbed by the native cultures of the GDR? Was an amalgamation of both native and expellee cultures created? Or did the expellees keep themselves isolated and separate from GDR society? The historiography regarding this controversy most commonly uses Soviet and SED governmental records from 1945-53. The limitation of this approach by historians is that it has told the refugee and expellee narrative from government officials’ perspectives rather than those of the Resettlers themselves. In 1953 the SED regime stopped public record keeping concerning the Resettlers declaring their integration into GDR society as complete. After eight years in the GDR did the Resettlers feel that they were an integrated part of society? In an attempt to ascertain how Resettlers perceived their own pasts in the GDR and the level of integration that occurred, 230 refugees and expellees were interviewed throughout the former GDR between 2008-09. -
Jews in Leipzig: Nationality and Community in the 20 Century
The Dissertation Committee for Robert Allen Willingham II certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: Jews in Leipzig: Nationality and Community in the 20 th Century Committee: ______________ David Crew, Supervisor ______________ Judith Coffin ______________ Lothar Mertens ______________ Charters Wynn ______________ Robert Abzug Jews in Leipzig: Nationality and Community in the 20 th Century by Robert Allen Willingham II, B.A.; M.A. Dissertation Presen ted to the Faculty of the Graduate School the University of Texas at Austin in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy May, 2005 To Nancy Acknowledgment This dissertation would not have been possible without the support of the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD), which provided a year -long dissertation grant. Support was also provided through the History Department at the University of Texas through its Sheffield grant for European studies. The author is also grateful for the assistance of archivists at the Leipzig City Archive, the Archive of the Israelitische Religionsgemieinde zu Leipzig , the Archive for Parties and Mass Organizations in the GDR at the Federal archive in Berlin, the “Centrum Judaica” Archive at the Stiftung Neue Synagoge, also in Berlin, and especially at the Saxon State Archive in Leipzig. Indispensable editorial advice came from the members of the dissertation committee, and especially from Professor David Crew, whose advice and friendship have been central to the work from beginning to end. Any errors are solely those of the author. iv Jews in Leipzig: Nationality and Community in the 20th Century Publication No. _________ Robert Allen Willingham II, PhD. -
East German Retail in the Konsum
A “S ITE OF SURVEILLANCE ”: EAST GERMAN RETAIL IN THE KONSUM 1 MARK ANDREW MCCULLOCH This paper examines the transformation of Germany’s co-operative movement into the Union of the Consumer Co-operatives of East Germany ( Konsum ) in the communist period. This transformation illuminates the process by which the East German co-operative movement became subordinate to the Socialist Unity Party. The state-decreed creation of co-operatives in the German Democratic Republic led to a highly centralized distribution system of rationed goods with the purpose of eliminating non-state-controlled retail. In effect, the Socialist Unity Party hijacked, or “democratically centralized,” the Konsum , turning it into a site of surveillance. When the Soviets re-established consumer co-operatives in eastern Germany for food dist- ribution and reconstruction, they reached back to pre-war structures and traditions to address contemporary problems. Consumer co-operatives had a significant history prior to the Second World War, which made them highly relevant to both the economic and political challenges of the postwar era. Generally speaking, co-operatives are “autonomous associations of persons united voluntarily to meet their economic, social, and cultural needs and aspirations through a jointly owned and democratically controlled enterprise.” 2 In Germany, such small-scale com- munal enterprises emerged around the middle of the nineteenth century under the leadership of Hermann Schulze-Delitzsch (urban, artisanal, and liberal co-operatives) and Friedrich Wilhelm Raiffeisen (rural, agrarian, and conservative). Growth of consumer co-operatives accelerated in the 1880s and 1890s when they began to develop a following among labouring urban Social Democrats. -
Véra TRAILL Le Camp
Vera GOUTCHKOFF (1906-1987) Aquarelle la baraque 6 sous la neige The Cup of Astonishment Traduction de l'ouvrage sur le Camp de Rieucros (Lozère) par Sandrine BAUMLE et Jacques VACQUIER 1 La nouvelle autobiographique écrite par Vera : " The Cup of Astonishment ", a été finie de rédiger dans l'hiver 1943-1944*. Elle n'a pas, conformément au désir de l'auteur, vocation a être diffusée. La traduction ci-après doit permettre, dans un cercle familial restreint , de rétablir la vérité sur les évènements vécus entre août 1939 et juillet 1941 par Véra TRAILL née GOUTCHKOFF. Déformé, sinon ignoré, parfois mis en doute, son témoignage précis, confirmé dans ses moindres détails par les recherches des documents d'archives, présente un intérêt inégalé pour cette période au Camp de Rieucros et à Mende. Ces pages complètent le travail généalogique entrepris au début des années 2000 et un peu plus tard sur Véra et sa famille**. Traduction : Sandrine BAUMLÉ août - novembre 2016 Notes de bas de page et annexes : J.V. * Dans la première partie Le Camp , au chapitre X, elle écrit en parlant de ses codétenues : " Elles passent maintenant leur cinquième hiver dans le Camp ". ** Dans la descendance de Barthélemy VACQUIER dit "Le Majorquin" (~1680 -1761), la branche GOUTCHKOFF ne nous a été connue qu'en 2003 après la visite qu'ont fait à Frontignan Victor et Judy VACQUIER descendants de Pierre, émigré avec ses frères en Russie entre 1833 et 1835 et grâce aux contacts informatiques qui ont suivi dès le début 2004 avec Diane AUSTIN (1941-2016) puis Nicolas et André GOUTCHKOFF. -
Paul Merker Und Die Bewegung Freies Deutschland in Mexiko
Im Widerstreit mit Moskau: Paul Merker und die Bewegung Freies Deutschland in Mexiko Wolfgang Kießling Das Problem, dem ich mich hier zuwende, war in der Historiographie der DDR und damit auch in meinen Arbeiten bisher stets ausgeklammert worden. Die Frage nach dem "Warum?" bedarf kaum einer Erörterung. Sie wird verständ lich aus der Darlegung dessen, was sich tatsächlich ereignete. Das Wort Wider streit läßt vermuten, daß es sich angesichts der geographischen Feme zwischen Mexiko und Moskau um eine politische und geistige Auseinandersetzung über die Weltmeere hinweg handelte. Das war sie zweifellos. Doch als solche trat sie nur in Ansätzen in Erscheinung. Sie wurde verdeckt geführt, und dies in drei facher Hinsicht: 1. vor der Öffentlichkeit generell, 2. unter den deutschen und anderen europäischen Kommunisten im Exilland Mexiko sowie unter den davon berührten Mexikanern und Personen aus anderen europäischen Ländern und 3. zwischen der KPD-Gruppe in Mexiko und den in der Sowjetunion lebenden KPD-Funktionären einschließlich der ihnen Vorgesetzten Sowjetbeamten. Nur einmal gab es ein öffentliches Indiz für die Auseinandersetzung zwi schen Mexiko und Moskau. Doch erfuhren davon nur diejenigen, denen die Zeitschriften Freies Deutschland (Mexiko), und Freies Deutschland (Moskau) zugänglich waren und die folglich die Texte in beiden Publikationen mitein ander vergleichen konnten. Am 24. Juli 1943 telegrafierte das in Mexiko ansässige Exekutivkomitee des Lateinamerikanischen Komitees der Freien Deutschen seinen Gruß an das neugegründete Nationalkomitee Freies Deutsch land in Moskau. Darin stellte das Komitee in Mexiko "mit besonderer Freude die Übereinstimmung der Prinzipien und Kampfesziele des Nationalkomitees mit dem eigenen Aktionsprogramm fest" und erklärte "seine Bereitschaft zum engsten Zusammenwirken im Kampfe für die Vernichtung des Hitlerfaschis mus"1. -
The GDR in the Context of Stalinist Show Trials and Anti-Semitism In
The GDR in the Context of Stalinist Show Trials and Anti-Semitism in Eastern Europe 1948-54 Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/gh/article-abstract/10/3/302/685594 by ESIEE Paris user on 05 May 2019 Paul O’Doherty (University of Nottingham) Introduction In the period 1948-54 a large number of show trials were staged in the East European countries which were under Soviet domination. The German Democratic Republic did not escape this wave of trials, though they were staged on a much smaller scale there than elsewhere. Historians writing on the show trials do not seem agreed on whether the GDR should be included in ‘Eastern Europe’. Lendvai, in 1971, for example, merely comments that ‘in a more distant past’ East Germany had also had ‘anti-Semitism as an official policy, as a witch hunt’, and then goes on to deal with all the countries where ‘Zionism’ was a charge made against any defendants, but leaves out the GDR.’ Hodos, on the other hand, who outlines the trials without concentrating specifically on their anti-Semitic aspects, looks at all seven countries allied to the Soviet Union, including the GDR.’ It is no coincidence that a study which concentrates on the anti-Semitic aspects of the trials should leave out the GDR, despite Lendvai’s claim about the ‘more distant past’. Whilst there was a high proportion of defendants of Jewish origin in many of the trials staged, especially in Czechoslovakia, Hungary and Poland, this was true of only a small number of cases in the GDR. -
The Fake Threat of Jewish Communism | by Christopher R
2/4/2019 The Fake Threat of Jewish Communism | by Christopher R. Browning | The New York Review of Books The Fake Threat of Jewish Communism Christopher R. Browning FEBRUARY 21, 2019 ISSUE A Specter Haunting Europe: The Myth of Judeo-Bolshevism by Paul Hanebrink Belknap Press/Harvard University Press, 353 pp., $29.95 One of the great merits of Paul Hanebrink’s A Specter Haunting Europe is its demonstration of how Europe’s most pervasive and powerful twentieth-century manifestation of anti-Semitic thought—the myth of Judeo-Bolshevism—emerged before the rise of National Socialism and has continued to have a curious life long after the Holocaust and the defeat of Nazi Germany. Hanebrink’s approach is not to repeat what he considers an error of the interwar era—the futile attempt to refute a myth on the basis of historical facts and statistical data. A small kernel of truth underpinned the stereotype of the Jewish Bolshevik: a number of well-known early Bolshevik leaders (Béla Kun, Leon Trotsky, Karl Radek, and others) were of Jewish origin. That United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Stalin killed almost all of them, that overall a very ‘Behind the Enemy Powers: The Jew’; a poster created by the Reich Propaganda small percentage of Jews were Bolsheviks, and that Administration and displayed in the Grand many prominent non-Jewish revolutionaries (Lenin Anti-Masonic Exhibition in Nazi-occupied Belgrade, which focused on the alleged Jewish- and Karl Liebknecht, for example) were mistakenly Communist-Masonic conspiracy to achieve identified as Jewish had no countervailing impact, world domination, 1941 because, Hanebrink writes, the Jew as “the face of the revolution” was a “culturally constructed” perception.