A Neighbors Network Publication Acknowledgements

Neighbors Network would like to thank the following organizations for their help in the production of this chronology:

Etcetera Cobb Citizens Coalition

John Williams

Kelly, W B. Reeves, Eva Sears, nd Steve Ada ms.

For ad itional copies, send $5,00 per copy to: : ' Neighbors Network 1544 Piedmont Avenue, #73 Atlanta, Goergia...0324 (404) 816-8348

©1994 by Neighbors NetworksM " eople have to be taught to hate. Likewise, people

can be taught to accept and understand

differences in others and to have the courage to

speak out against those who would deny others

the right to be different."

Benjamin Hirsch, President of Eternal Light Hemshech Holocaust Survivors Group The International Connections of Edward Fields - Marietta, Georgia

The chart below illustrates the growing levels of cooperation amongst hate groups on an international level, using the international connections of local nazi Edward Fields as an example of this trend.

Gary Lauck, NSDAP·AO British National Party (BNP) Lauck's propaganda appears in Fields' literature Fields' propaganda has appeared in BNP literature. Lauck is the main contact to the international 1991 - Fields went on a USA speaking tour with movement for US neo-Nazis, and publishes a BNP leader John Tyndall substantial proportion of all neo-Nazi literature 1993 - Fields attended Holocaust denier David circulated in Germany. Irving's Atlanta speech.

france Michel Faci and Guillaume Fabien of the Euronationalist Party spoke at the founding of the America First Party.

Edward Fields, Marietta Georgia 1980-84 Organized the New Order Knights Publisher of the Truth at Last (formerly the Thunderbolt) 1993 Cofounder of the America First Party.

Canada Atlanta Committee for Historical Review Fields' propaganda has been used by Wolfgang Sam Dickson of the Atlanta Committee for Droege's neo-Nazi Heritage Front, and by Historical Review sponsored the initial Canadian neo-Nazi Ernst Zundel!. engagement of Fields' tour with Tyndall in 1991 and Irving's visit to Atlanta in 1993. INTRODUCTION

The Neighbors Network is a non-profit all- epidemic of hate crime. A community should not be volunteer organization founded in 1989 to counter judged by whether it has experienced hate incidents, hate crime and hate group activity through research, but by how it has responded to them. education, victims' assistance, and community action. This publication is the fifth annual report produced by Neighbors Network, and is designed as Why Hate Crimes Are Community Problems an informational tool to aid in educating communities about the problem of hate crime and Hate crime perpetrators often believe that the dangers posed by hate group activity. The people will not join hands in defense of the victim. Neighbors Network is a non-partisan citizens' Although the potential for constructive community organization with membership open to all who share action is often untapped, the vast majority of people our goals and accept our bylaws. in Georgia do not care about the race, religion, or sexual orientation of their neighbors, they only expect them to be good neighbors. However, this may not be the perception of a family that has just found a charred wooden cross on its lawn or racial slurs painted on the family's home. They have already heard from the minority that objects to their presence. Now they need to hear from the rest of us.

]ames Spivey, Types of Crimes Imperial Wizard of the K/ave/ier Knights, was a longtime This chronology deals with violence and member ofthe harassment against several categories of targets: (1) Invisible Empire. openly homosexual men and women and persons In 1987, Spivey who are perceived by their assailants to be was arrested at a Klan activity and homosexual; (2) minority families that move into charged with carrying previously all white neighborhoods; (3) Jews; (4) a pistol under interracial couples in high school and middle his robes. schools; (5) immigrants, especially Asian and Hispanic immigrants; (6) and citizens active in anti- This chronology is intended to illustrate the racist activities. problem of hate crime and hate group activity in It has been suggested to Neighbors Network Georgia. It is not exhaustive, primarily because hate that hate-crimes against women be addressed in this crimes are chronically underreported. In many cases, issue of Hatred In Georgia. While we consider it to authorities and community leaders try to shield hate be absolutely vital that the abuse of women be crimes from public view in an attempt to avoid addressed by social and political activists, we do not negative publicity. In addition, many newspapers include incidents of sexist violence in our throughout Georgia do not report incidents of racial chronology of hate group activity. Our primary violence in their area, and some local police purpose is to monitor organized hate-groups which departments remove reports on hate crimes from the have the oppression of a particular group in a society incident reports they provide to the press. as an express political objective. As far as we are No one whose community has experienced these aware, there is no political organization in Georgia kinds of incidents should feel embarrassed or which has the terrorization of women as a primary defensive. America is currently suffering from an political goal. Attacks on perceived homosexuals are more in 1992. However, racial fighting in schools is one of frequent, more brutal, more likely to end in murder, the most difficult types of incidents to verify. These less likely to be reported, and, if reported, less likely attacks are often committed against students to be taken seriously than other types of hate crime. involved in interracial dating. Attacks on homosexuals are common throughout United States immigration laws were changed in Georgia. Frequently, the victims have just emerged the mid-1960s. Among these changes was the from bars that serve an openly lesbian or gay removal of preferences for immigrants from clientele. The intended victim may or may not be European countries. As a result, recent immigrants lesbian or gay. He or she may simply fit the to Georgia are more likely to be from Latin America assailant's stereotype of a homosexual. or the Far East. Klan and nazi groups favor Each year in Georgia, numbers of Mrican immigration only from "white nations." They regard American and Hispanic families that move into the presence of non-white immigrants in America as previously all white neighborhoods are the targets of illegitimate, lump all immigrants together with racially motivated attacks. These attacks, called illegal aliens, and accuse immigrants of "taking jobs "move-in'' violence, have ranged from spray-painting away from white people." Gainesville, Georgia has a and cross-burnings to gunfire and fire bombings. history of klan groups targeting Hispanic Rarely do the perpetrators of move-in violence live immigrants, many of whom work in local food more than three or four doors away from the victim, processing plants. and they will generally note who comes and goes Violence and harassment are also directed at those from a potential victim's home. Most victims of who struggle for justice. Georgia civil rights activists move-in violence remain in their homes. However, if and their homes have been the target of gunfire, and one family is forced from their home, it is one too organizations that monitor hate activity or bias crimes many. receive frequent hate calls and hate mail. Anti-Semitic violence also occurs. In recent years, Jewish families have been the targets of move- Aiding the Victims of Hate Crimes in violence. In 1992, vandals painted anti-Semitic slogans on at least two north Georgia synagogues The key objective in aiding the victims of hate and left nazi literature at at least one synagogue. crimes is to eradicate the perpetrator's perception Racial fighting and nazi organizing during and that the victim is isolated within the community. In after school occurred in many Georgia communities addition, it is important to allay the victim's fears that she or he is isolated from the community. This discussion uses "move-in" incidents as an example, but the same methods of ending the perceived isolation are applicable to other types of incidents. Everything that shows community support, from the first police car pulling up at the victim's house, is important. Religious leaders, especially those of a different religious or ethnic background from that of the victim, should speak out in support of the victim to their congregations, to the public, and to the victimized family. Witnessing a group of clergy entering a victim's home or praying Ricky Draper, (lighting cigarette} ofthe Alabama Empire Knights at a Klan rally in Rome, Georgia. with the family in front of their house can have a positive impact on a neighborhood. It can hate groups. Some are extremely poor. The vast isolate the haters, as well as encourage neighbors to majority lie between these extremes. Police officers show support for the victim. deal regularly with a wide range of crimes, including Statements by civic organizations, government murder, rape, and battery. Compared to crimes like officials, business leaders, union locals, and veterans' these, a spray-painting or a cross-burning may not groups are all important. Where communities respond seem like a serious crime. One must understand, quickly and clearly to hate crimes, a serious ongoing however, that hate crimes are not committed merely problem is usually averted. Unfortunately, such to impact upon specific victims. They are not only responses are infrequent. acts of vandalism or threats. Rather, they indicate other racial tensions in a community, and therefore, should be addressed by the entire community. A generation ago, many police officers in Georgia belonged to the klan. At that time, police departments were expected to defend a system of segregation. Times have changed. While there are still some police officers who belong to hate groups, they are the exception. Today, the vast majority of police officers have little use for the klan and Nathan Thomaston perform their jobs in a professional manner. of the Klavelier Knights addressing a "Do you think the klan did this?" rally in Rome, Georgia. "Do you think the klan did this?" is a question commonly asked following an unsolved hate crime. Press reports are also important, particularly if A hate crime may be the act of an organized group, they are accompanied by strong statements from or it may be the random act of individuals acting in authorities, elected officials, and neighbors. the same fashion and with the same hateful Through the media, the haters learn that their acts mentality as an organized hate group. This will be condemned by the general public. distinction has no impact on the seriousness of the Since 1989, Neighbors Network volunteers have crime, on the possibility of its being repeated, or on visited many families in Georgia victimized by the situation of the victim. move-in violence. To our grave concern, we found that in most cases no other organizations, clergy, or elected officials had contacted the families.

Hate Crimes and the Criminal Justice System

Any campaign of violence or harassment signals a breakdown in the criminal justice system. The problem may be that victims are too frightened to report the crime, or that the responding officers do not take the victims seriously. The problem may be at the level of the police chief, police officer, Pat Lanzo" s "church " in Draketown, Georgia, When Paulding County magistrate, or District Attorney. The system must refused to allow Lanzo to operate his building as a topless bar, he decided be examined at each step so that the problem areas it was a church if the Church of the Creator and claimed tax exempt can be identified and corrected. status. james Spivey and other Klavelier Knights have "worshiped" Among local police departments, there are a few several times on Lanzo's property. The Church ofthe Creator professes to with excellent records in dealing with hate crime and hate Christian£ty because jesus was a Jew."

Page iii "They are just kids." occurred in Clayton County. Actually, the alleged demonstrations never took place. Some people are reassured to hear that such In some cases, there is an attempt to shift blame crimes were committed (or may have been onto the victim. This may be as extreme as when committed) by young people. Neighbors Network is two Polk County juries acquitted white defendants not reassured. If all hate crimes were committed by in the shooting deaths of two unarmed Mexicans, on aging men in white sheets, we could at least be the grounds of self-defense or as simple as when a certain that in another generation this would all be police officer stated that the victims of move-in behind us. Unfortunately, Neighbors Network and violence should have "expected that kind of thing in others monitoring the racist youth situation can this neighborhood." testify to the existence of a growing trend of bigotry among the young generation. A hate mentality has HATE GROUP ACTIVITY IN affected a portion of our youth to the degree that GEORGIA, 1993 they will burn crosses, paint slurs on houses, attack people, and attempt to organize nazi youth gangs in During 1993, the KKK in Georgia continued its Georgia middle schools and high schools. decline. Efforts by law enforcement at national and The assumption is that if adolescents did it, the local levels resulted in arrests and convictions of klan crime was not serious. This is not true. Young and nazi terrorists throughout the country, including people commit the largest share of serious hate Georgia. Charges ranging from murder, assault, and crimes in Georgia and nationwide. Hate groups see illegal weapons, as well as lesser offenses were the value of recruiting the young, and have brought against leadership and rank and file apparently had some success in recruitment, since members. At the same time, the Klanwatch Project the average age of participants at Georgia klan rallies of the Southern Poverty Law Center in Alabama has decreased dramatically in the past several years. was successful in its pursuit of civil suits against individuals and organizations with members in "We do not want to give our town a bad name." Georgia. The Invisible Empire, Knights of the Ku "We want to keep this quiet so it will not get Klux Klan, historically one of the largest and most worse~n violence-prone factions, and its successful recent leader, James Ferrands, were brought low by the A common attitude among public officials, successful conclusion of a civil suit stemming from police officers, school administrators, and the like is the infamous Forsyth County, Georgia, attack on to keep incidents of hate crime from public view. If peaceful civil rights marchers. (See below.) they cannot keep such incidents from public view, Overtly nazi youth groups and individuals were they will often deny a racial motive. If they cannot also subjects of police scrutiny, resulting in deny a racial motive, they may attempt to deny the punishment for criminal acts carried out by racists seriousness of the crime. and bigoted young people. Some public officials compare hate groups to the At the same time, in Georgia, 1993 marked a National Association for the Advancement of greater than ever before impact into the · Colored People or to similar legal nonviolent "mainstream" of racism and bigotry. A rapidly organizations that oppose hate crime. This increasing factor are the ostensibly respectable comparison is especially common if such groups try revisionists, Christian Reconstructionists, and Posse to assist victims. For example, following a spray- Comitatus-style groups. painting incident in Locust Grove, Georgia, the In a singularly open conjunction of right-wing local police chief equated civil rights activists with bigotry and government action, the Cobb County, the klan. Referring to an attempted fire bombing in Georgia, Commission passed an official Resolution Clayton County two years earlier, the police chief in the summer 1993 wherein the "homosexual expressed the hope that there would not be any lifestyle" was condemned. Local Klan and nazi protests by civil rights groups such as, he claimed, activists participated in some of the subsequent rallies Page iv and counterdemonstrations spawned by the on-going Imperial Wizard James Farrands and the controversy. The role of some of the county's most Invisible Empire's national leadership held a press influential Reconstructionists in the Cobb resolution conference in June at attorney Terrence Shane's was documented and exposed in Neighbors townhome in Sandy Springs, changing the group's Network's special report, Hidden Agenda. name to Unified Knights. International cooperation and interrelationships Late in 1993, the Georgia Realm of the Unified among white supremacists and anti-Semites Knights split with Farrands' group to become the increased and became more overt, judging from Klavelier Knights, with James Spivey as Imperial appearances in Georgia of visiting Nazi skinheads, Wizard and Joe Blaydes as Grand Dragon. Holocaust Revisionist speakers, and discourse on During 1993 and early 1994, the Invisible international computer networks. Empire/Klavelier Knights held a number of rallies on the property of Pat Lanzo's Last Chance Invisible Empire/Klavelier Knights Pawnshop near Draketown, Georgia. During early 1994 the faction was active in exploiting racial 1993 saw the demise in Georgia of the Invisible tension in Wedowee, Alabama. Empire, the state's oldest Klan faction. In May, a Federal judge approved a settlement in Southern White Knights the lawsuit by Brotherhood marchers attacked by a Klan-led mob in Forsyth County in 1987. The Another longtime Georgia faction, the Southern settlement required the Invisible Empire to destroy White Knights, was little seen during the year. its mailing lists, give up its office machines, and pay Crippled by the Forsyth County lawsuit, the Federal $37,000 to the marchers. perJury conviction of National Director Dave Holland, and the 1992 arrest of Grand Dragon Greg Walker for illegal drug and weapon sales, the SWK has not sponsored a public event since 1992. Late in 1993, the faction began to show signs of life. The Cross and the Sword, once an internal SWK memo, is now being produced as a regular publication. In December 1993, a Christmas party hosted by the SWK and C. Ray Harrelson of the America First Party drew about 100 people.

Hate activist Marion Francis Shirley, far left, was arrested with David Duke in Forsyth County in 1987. Southern White Knights leader Dave Holland, at Shirley's right, is a convicted felon. Ed Fields of Marietta, second from right, is a lifelong hate activist. The three were among the most vocal supporters of the Cobb County Commission's resolution against "gay lifestyles."

Page v New Order Knights Fraternal White Knights

Led by Lewis "Ace" Baxter of Augusta, the New The Fraternal White Knights, based in Florida Order Knights have held a number of literature and lead by Richard Ford, have been represented in distributions and rallies in east Georgia. Baxter is Georgia by Kerry Mayhew of Cartersville. Mayhew, popular with racist skinheads. Jack Paige, Jr. of Fort who emceed Ford's January 1994 rally in Pulaski, Wentworth is a key officer. Tennessee, was reported "banished" by Ford after the event. Royal Confederate Knights/Southern The Pulaski, Tennessee rallies sponsored by the Confederate Knights FWK had been extremely popular with Nazi skinheads, who comprise most of the participants. The Royal Confederate Knights, a Rome area faction led since 1989 by Donnie Allen, was disbanded Winder Knights by Allen in August. The group had just sponsored a march and rally in Rome that drew few participants The Winder Knights continue to consist and fewer spectators, despite advance publicity in the primarily of the McAndrews family of Winder, local paper and repeated leafleting in Rome and Georgia. The faction is seen at most rallies in the nearby Lindale during the first half of the year. state. As the RCK was disbanded, the group's Grand Dragon, Johnny W. Pendergrass formed a new Rebel Knights faction, the Southern Confederate Knights. At the time of its disbanding, the RCK had about two dozen The Rebel Knights are a small faction founded members. In 1990 Johnny Pendergrass was convicted by Jerry Lord of Dawsonville, Georgia after he was of shooting an Mrican-American man in a fight. suspended by the Nationalist Movement for being drunk and disorderly at a rally in 1992. The faction's U.S. Klans local activities center around the Jelly Mill Antiques, a building near Dawsonville. Lamar Ingram and The U.S. Klans, based in Stockbridge, Georgia, Nathan McKinney are two of Lord's officers. also showed little activity in 1993. Formed in 1989 Early in 1994 the Rebel Knights sponsored a under the direction of Kieth Smith, the faction rally in Cumming, Georgia which drew about 125 reached a high point in 1992, claiming active participants and spectators. Convicted church- chapters in several states and absorbing other bomber]. B. Stoner was among the speakers. factions. The U.S. Klans has not recovered from the defection by two officers in 1992 (who formed their TKAN/IENK own groups). During 1993 the U.S. Klans sponsored a private property rally near Springfield Tennessee, Don Taylor, a Spaulding County Identity where they claim a klavern. preacher initially appeared as the "Preacher/ Instructor" of the True Knights. Mter the True North Georgia Knights Knights disbanded in 1989, Taylor formed the True Knights, Aryan Nations of Georgia. Taylor's rallies Led by Don Romine of Rossville, Georgia, the have generally been small, in one case drawing no group is primarily in the Chattanooga area. The one but Taylor. Taylor, who spoke at a Klan/Nazi faction was not seen for some years after 1989, as rally in Pulaski, Tennessee in January 1994, is now Romine struggled with cancer. Romine appeared at a apparently calling his faction The Invisible Empire Christian Guard rally in Lyerly, Georgia in 1992. National Knights of the Ku Klux Klan. Taylor Romine sought a permit for an anti-gay march in resides in Experiment, Georgia. Chattanooga for September, then canceled. Romine has been extremely popular with Nazi skinheads.

Page vi Confederate Forces Against Corruption's printed signs were very much in evidence. Bearing slogans about "white power" Led by Ricky Newton Terrell of Rockdale and AIDS, they were distributed by aging hate County, a former Southern White Knight, the activist Cleburne Jordan. Stoner spoke at a KKK Confederate Forces bills itself as a "White Rights rally in Cumming early in 1994. Survival Group." During an August Gay Pride rally in Marietta, Georgia, Terrell made an unprovoked National Alliance assault on the Neighbors Network's Executive Director. During the incident, Terrell and several of The National Alliance's phone message line in his members' faces were obscured with motorcycle Stone Mountain shut down in 1993, but the group helmets and welder's masks. The Confederate continued to be in evidence throughout the year. Forces took part in the April 1993 Hitler's Birthday Late in 1993 a comic book, The Saga of White Will, Festival near Covington, Georgia. set in a suburban high school, produced by the National Alliance appeared at Dent Myers' store in Loyal Order ofWhite Knights and Christian Cobb County, and at the Georgia Gun and Knife Knights Shows held at the Farmers Market in Forest Park, (sold by Militaria of Collins, Georgia). The Neighbors Network again noted no activity by the Georgia Realm of the North Carolina-based Christian Knights. For the second straight year, there was no activity by the Hinesville, Georgia- based Loyal Order of White Knights.

The Truth At Last And America First Party

In Marietta, Ed Fields continues to publish The Truth At Last (formerly The Thunderbolt), one of his country's most important hate sheets. The Truth At Last has been used as handout literature by various nazi, KKK, and Populist Party groups. During the year a large number were distributed in Ontario, Today's white supremacist movement's primary target for recruitment is Canada. young people, like these in Cumming, Georgia. During the first part of 1993, Fields apparently abandoned his Emergency Committee to Suspend Locally, Logan Marshall and William West are Immigration, and in June he became Secretary of reportedly National Alliance activists. The group is the newly-formed America First Party, which he based in West Virginia, and is led by William helped to found. Clyde Ray Harrelson of Cobb Pierce, who wrote The Turner Diaries (under a County became the group's Treasurer. Harrelson is a pseudonym). former Executive Director of the Populist Party of Georgia, a founder of the Committee to Save Our Nationalist Movement State Flag, and is frequently seen at Klan rallies. The Nationalist Movement, led by Richard Crusade Against Corruption Barrett of Mississippi, suffered a set back in 1992 when its state leader, Jerry Lord of Dawsonville, was While its leader, convicted church bomber suspended by Barrett and formed his own faction. J. B. Stoner was out of state during the August The Nationalist Movement still has a number of demonstrations in Cobb County, his Crusade followers in the Forsyth-Dawson County areas. Page vii The Populist Party Last Chance Pawnshop has claimed tax exempt status for a building on his property, which he claims The Populist Party of Georgia in April began a is a church of the Church of the Creator. He has also petition drive to get on the Georgia ballot in 1994. attempted to operate a topless bar in the building. The group gained a great deal of support as a result of the exploitation of the controversy surrounding Republic vs. Democracy the state flag issue. The party also attempted to Sovereignty Party exploit popular sentiments. However, the group seemed to be operating at a reduced level in late Republic vs. Democracy, based in Oregon City, 1993 and early 1994 possibly as a result of Ed Fields Oregon, advocates the repeal of the 14th and C. Ray Harrelson devoting their energies to the Amendment, generally seen as the amendment America First Party rather than the Populist Party. which extended citizenship to Mrican-Americans. The Populist Party is currently lead by Dr. Raymond Locally the group's views are advocated by Greg Young of Sumner. Davis of Atlanta. Davis is running for governor on In 1993, the party attempted to exploit a number the Sovereignty Party ticket. of issues, ranging from opposition to the North American Free Trade Agreement to the closing of a Church of the Avenger creek in Baker County for "research purposes." The Populist Party's newspaper's name was changed In October 1993, the Tampa, Florida-based during the year from Populist Alert to The Southern Nazi group, the Church of the Avenger, rented a Populist. In its pages, the Populist Party hypocritically storefront in Cordele, Georgia, as an office. The criticizes music with "cop killer" lyrics, while group reportedly had three local members, including expressing constant support for members of extremist a Michael Apperson. In November, the group filed a groups and others who kill law enforcement officers. lien against the Crisp County courthouse, claiming Early in 1994, the Populist Party of Georgia that a judge had violated his oath of office by jailing recognized the Muscogee County Populist Party member Michael Apperson on his third DUI under Mr. Edsel Hostilo. The Populist Party charge. Later the group abandoned its office, leaving maintains a toll-free number. word that it was moving to Byron, Georgia.

Church of the Creator Businesses The Church of the Creator, a viciously anti- Semitic and racist nazi group that claims to hate Dent Myers Enterprises Christianity because "Jesus Was a Jew," faces an uncertain future. Its founder, Ben Klassen, Dent Myers Enterprises, a Civil War relic shop committed suicide in 1993, and Klanwatch brought in Kennesaw, serves as a distribution point for hate a suit against the group early in 1994. The suit group literature. Myers appears most supportive of stemmed from the 1991 murder of a sailor just the Church of the Creator. Literature from more returned from the Persian Gulf by a Church of the than two dozen hate groups has been found by the Creator member. The group, which has relocated Neighbors Network at the store. twice since 1992, is headquartered in Florida. Its tabloid Racial Loyalty, listed a street address in Thunor Services College Park, Georgia as a contact address, which was replaced by a Post Office Box in Fairburn, Cliff Warby's Thunor Services of Woodstock, Georgia. Georgia, is a mail-order catalog business. The Dent Myers Enterprises, Civil War relic shop in catalog advertises T-shirts, postcards, stickers, and Kennesaw, Georgia serves as a distributor of COTC other paraphernalia glorifying the Klan and nazis. material. In Draketown, Georgia, Pat Lanzo of The Warby, an English skinhead, participated in the

Page viii 1994 Klan/Nazi rally in Pulaski, Tennessee. At Klan A white hate group called "Dirty White Boys" rallies he is often accompanied by his wife Lorie. reportedly exists in the Atlanta Federal Penitentiary. Warby has a close relationship with Ed Fields and used Fields' bulk mail permit in his business. Christian Reconstruction Cowboy and Bobby The Christian Reconstructionist movement is a Cowboy and Bobby is a business owned by loose-knit faction within the larger conservative David Bruce Reynolds of Ellenwood, Georgia, and Christian movement which argues for the his wife Bobby. They are major distributors of Klan imposition of Old Testament legal codes on present- and Nazi clothing, literature, patches, and buttons at day civil society, including the death penalty for gun shows and motorcycle events. Reynolds is sodomy. The movement has been criticized for reportedly incarcerated in Trion, Georgia on a promoting racial, religious, and sexual bigotry. weapons charge. Major representatives of the movement in Curly Waight, a member of the Outlaws Georgia include Gary DeMar and Ralph Barker, motorcycle club reportedly sold KKK material at a who operate the Marietta-based American Vision, a motorcycle swap meet at Lakewood Fairgrounds publishing house for Reconstructionist propaganda. early in 1994. In their publications, DeMar has equated gay men and lesbians with child molesters, murderers, and Militaria vampires. Also active in Georgia is major Reconstructionist minister Joseph Morecraft, who Militaria of Collins, Georgia, is a mail order and operates the breakaway Chalcedon Presbyterian gun show business that sells books and other literature Church in Dunwoody, Georgia. produced by the National Alliance, including The DeMar and Barker have played a major role in Turner Diaries, and The Saga of White Will. organizing public support for the Cobb County Commission's anti-gay and lesbian resolution. Last Chance Pawnshop

The Last Chance Pawnshop near Draketown is a Other Groups pawn shop, taxidermy shop, and convenience store owned by Pat Lanzo. It is also a center of hate Three groups which the Neighbors Network activity in west Georgia. Lanzo originally invited the does not list as hate groups also warrant mention: (1) KKK (as well as gay groups) to hold rallies on his the Southern National Party, (2) Southern Poseur, property to anger Paulding County officials, who and (3) the Committee to Save Our State Flag. had refused him permission to operate a topless bar. I. The Southern National Party, led by David Lanzo claims to have sought tax exempt status for Watkins of Austell, Georgia, bills itself as an the building, which he claims is a church of the alternative to the Klan. The group's definition of Church of the Creator. southerners excludes African-American people. It also advocates a return to dueling. Prisons II. Southern Poseur, which recently relocated from College Park to Lamar County. Its number Hate activity also occurs inside Georgia prisons. two officer is Greg Davis of Atlanta, who is also an A 1992 list of "P.O.W.'s" by an Illinois white advocate of Republic vs. Democracy, an Oregon- supremacist group included the names of a Southern based hate group. One leading officer reportedly White Knight, a nazi skinhead, and a member of the quit the group over perceived hate activity. "Order.'' The others were inmates at Reidsville, III. The Committee to Save Our State Flag. The apparently recruited in prison. group formed in defense of the current state flag.

Page ix Nation oflslam Rally participants traveled from as far as Michigan, Illinois, and New York. These included Due to repeated racist, anti-Semitic and representatives of groups such as Confederate homophobic statements late in 1993 in 1994 by Hammer Skins, Eastern Hammer Skins, Northern members of the Nation of Islam, the Neighbors Hammer Skins and SS Action. These groups Network is listing this as a hate organization. comprise a sizeable portion of the ultra-violent Further information on the Nation oflslam will be element of the Nazi skinhead movement in the included in Hatred in Georgia, 1994. Eastern states. The rally was the largest event of its kind ever staged in Georgia. It was also one of the Nazi Skinheads and Youth Groups largest held in the entire country in 1993. As such, its impact on the Nazi youth movement will be felt Early 1993 saw violence among Georgia's Nazi on a national level. skinheads. In February, a group led by Robert Q The local impact was significant as well. Smith (formerly an organizer for the American Front Following the ''Aryan Uprising," John Armstrong and Fyrdung) confronted a youth who attempted to broke with the ARL, affiliating his group with SS leave the "movement." The youth, who was accosted Action. Miles Dowling has distanced himself from at his residence, was wounded by a gunshot allegedly both ARL and ANF by organizing a chapter of the fired by Smith, who was on parole from prison. Confederate Hammer Skins in Marietta. By the end Smith was apprehended in California by the FBI in of the year the CHS was operating a telephone June 1993. hateline and conducting literature distributions. On March 7, Miles Dowling, John Bailey, The "Aryan Uprising" was itself not free of Bradley Satterfield and Robert (Johnny) Argo were potential violence. At one point, State Troopers arrested in Atlanta and charged in the beating of a were forced to draw their shotguns in order to young man in the Little Five Points neighborhood. apprehend a suspect who had fled from a roadblock The four are currently out on bail pending trial. into the rally site. In January 1993 Nazi skinheads from Georgia Georgia's Nazis, while organized into different attended a national white supremacist rally in groups or factions, continue to cooperate with one Pulaski, Tennessee, which drew 200 participants. another. This was apparent during the public debate Although the event was sponsored by Richard Ford's over the Cobb County Commission's controversial Florida based Fraternal White Knights KKK, the resolution condemning the "homosexual lifestyle". majority of the participants were Nazi skinheads, Nazi skinheads from various organizations were some from as far away as New York and Canada. prominent participants at anti-Gay and Lesbian Among the Georgians present were John Edwards, demonstrations and at County Commission John Armstrong, Cliff and Lorie Warby and Brian meetings leading up to the resolutions passage. McDaniel, a Gwinnett County Nazi, long associated Participants included Jason Reeves, Paul with Dowling and Edwards. Parsons, John Edwards, Samuel Miles Dowling, Jeff April17 marked a watershed in the development Partain of the Nazi youth movement in Georgia. On this Largely unnoticed by the general public, in the date, approximately 175 to 200 young people past four years Georgia's Nazi Youth movement has gathered on a farm in Conyers for an ''Adolph Hitler grown from the level of a street gang to national Fest" to commemorate the anniversary of the Nazi influence within the movement. While dictator's birth. Billed as the "Aryan Uprising," the organizational names and allegiances come and go, gathering was sponsored by the ARL, ANF, The the central figures of the movement remain largely Aryan Sisters League, and The Christian Guard. the same and continue, unabated, their pursuit of The event was a mixture of rock concert, beer bash, the young and Nazi rally. Nationally known Nazi bands such as At least six nazi-skinhead groups were Nordic Thunder, The Voice, Aggravated Assault and documented as active in Georgia during 1993. Pale Face provided music at the event. These included holdover organizations from the

Page x previous year, breakaway factions from those same charges in Idaho. The organization established pre- groups as well as previously unknown organizations. recorded telephone hateline and has conducted A listing of these groups follows. massive distributions of propaganda in east Cobb County. Aryan Resistance League So-called CHS groups have proliferated nationally and internationally. The following is a list John Edwards Smyrna based Aryan Resistance of some groups and their areas of operation. League ("ARL") suffered setbacks due to the defection of John Armstrong and the arrests of Confederate Hammer Skinheads Security ChiefJohn Bailey and Bradley Satterfield of the Armuchee chapter. Never the less, Edwards (1) Dallas, Texas maintained a high profile throughout the year, (2) Garland, Texas promoting or participating in events such as the (3) Oklahoma City, Oklahoma Aryan Uprising, anti-gay and lesbian demonstrations (4) Tulsa, Oklahoma in Cobb County and the Decatur appearance of of (5) Birmingham, Alabama British Holocaust denier, David Irving. (6) Butler, Tennessee (7) Marietta, Georgia Aryan Sisters League (8) Orange Park, Florida

The Aryan Sisters League is essentially an Northern Hammer Skins auxiliary of the ARL. Organized by Helen Arrington, the organization's primary purpose (1) Bound for Glory & Vanguard, East St. Paul, appeared to lie in providing a structure for young Minnesota women involved with members of the all male (2) Exiled Charlemagne Hammerskins, group. East St. Paul, Minnesota (3) Final Solution, Midlothian, Illinois Aryan National Front (4) Max Resist, Rochester, Michigan (5) Kenosha, Wisconsin Following the arrest of former Klansman and (6) Germantown, Wisconsin ANF leader Billy Riccio by agents of the Bureau of (7) Stevens Point, Wisconsin Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms in August of 1992, (8) Stow, Ohio the Birmingham, Alabama based organization (9) Bristol, Indiana disintegrated. By Spring of 1993 only one chapter of (10) StLouis, Missouri the ANF was known to be functioning in Georgia. Based in Marietta, this group was headed by ] as on Eastern Hammer Skins Reeves and Paul Parsons. Reeves had a close association with ARL leader, John Edwards during (1) Nordic Thunder, Newark, Delaware this period. At one point the aspiring Nazi youth (2) Earlville, Pennsylvania leaders conducted a joint TV interview and both the (3) Stewartstown, Pennsylvania ANF and ARL were listed as sponsors of April's (4) East Cambridge, Massachusetts Adolph Hitler Fest in Conyers. Northern Hammer Skins (Canada) Confederate Hammer Skinheads (1) Ragnarok & Involved Patriots, Lachine, The Confederate Hammer Skinheads (CHS) of Qyebec Marietta organized around veteran nazi agitator (2) Winnipeg, Manitoba Samuel Miles Dowling. Dowling had returned to (3) White Riot, Toronto, Ontario Georgia after being acquitted of illegal weapons (4) Odin's Law, Surrey, British Columbia Page xi European Groups Hate Activity at WRFG (1) Swiss Hammerskins, Littau, Switzerland (2) German Hammerskins, Schwetzingen, Late in the year Neighbors Network received a Germany request for assistance by a volunteer with the (3) British Hammerskins, London, UK (4) subscriber supported broadcaster, Radio Free Charlemagne Hammerskins, Nogent s/Marne Georgia, WRFG-FM. The volunteer stated that she Cedex, France was the victim of harassment by a faction within in (5) Bohemia Hammerskins, Trutnov, Czech the station that openly espoused anti-Semitic and Republic anti-Gay and anti-Lesbian positions both on the air (6) Bohemia Hammerskins, Hronov, Czech and off. This faction is known as the Griots. Republic The volunteer stated that she had been targeted (7) Bohemia Hammerskins, Slapanice, Czech for harassment after she had publicly opposed the Republic bigotry of this faction. She also stated that other (8) Bohemia Hammerskins, Novy Jicin, Czech station volunteers who supported her stand had been Republic subjected to veiled threats and intimidation by members of the Griots. The volunteer contacted the Southern Cross Hammerskins (Australia) Network after appeals to the governing bodies of the station failed to produce a satisfactory response. (1) Fortress, Moorabbin, Victoria Because the volunteer in question was assigned (2) Annandale, New South Wales to a broadcast shift immediately following that of a leader of the Griots, she was subject to intense pressure and intimidation tactics whenever she SSAction arrived to perform her volunteer duties. Consequently, she requested that a monitoring team Based in Conyers, SS Action is the local affiliate be assigned to observe the interaction between of a national organization headquartered in herself and the faction leader at these times. The Dearborn, Michigan. The group is led by John Neighbors Network complied with her request and Armstrong who has previously been affiliated with assigned a team for this purpose for a month and a the U.S. Klan, the ANF and the ARL. Currently, he half. The monitoring was terminated when the is publishing and distributing a Nazi newsletter Griots' leader was transferred to another shift. called Aryan Revolution under the pen name of As a result of this and other complaints received William J. Saxon. concerning the Griots activities, the following facts were established. The Griots were organized as a faction within WRFG to promote a supposedly White Raven "Afrocentric" perspective on political and cultural issues. They quickly became a conduit for the anti- White Raven is a nazi skinhead culture Semitic and racist views promoted by groups such as publication produced by a group of self-described Louis Farrakhan's Nation of Islam. The Griots' "Aryan women" in the Savannah, Georgia area. The activities sparked a series of internal disputes at group has ties to the Conyers-based SS Action WRFG, culminating with the resignation in protest Group. of a member of the station's Board of Directors. To date the management of the station has neither condemned nor disassociated itself from the views promoted by the Griots.

Page xii CHRONOLOGY

January 1993 Atlanta, Fulton County

A transvestite received eight written death threats. (Source: Neighbors Network monitors)

January 1993 Augusta, Richmond County

Copies of The Truth at Last, a racist publication published in Marietta, were distributed at a shopping center. (Source: Klanwatch)

January 1993 Marietta, Cobb County

A Chinese-American woman's car was vandalized in an incident believed to be racially motivated. (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) Deftnding "traditional January 1993 family values" Rome, Floyd County in Cobb County. According to former members of the Royal Confederate Knights, group members were instructed to show up near an African-American owned business that displayed a picture of The Last January 3, 1993 Supper, portraying Christ and the Apostles as Atlanta, Fulton County African-Americans. Former members of the group stated that they Two African-American men struck a gay man had also been instructed to beat a man who had been who was riding a MARTA bus with his lover. The banished from the group. victim suffered a broken nose, lacerations above the (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) eye, and needed stitches. (Source: Lesbian and Gay Public Safety Task Force January 1993 of the Atlanta City Council, ACLU Bias Line) Marietta, Cobb County January 7, 1993 The home of an African American social worker Macon, Bibb County and her family was vandalized with racial slurs. That woman stated that she intended to move. The Populist Party of Georgia held a meeting. (Source: Marietta Daily Tournai) (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) January9, 1993 Pulaski, Tennessee

A march and rally sponsored by Richard Ford's Florida-based Fraternal White Knights drew about 200 white supremacists, most of them nazi skinheads. Organizers intended this rally to compete with Thorn Robb's rally on January 23, 1993. The more extreme elements of the white supremacist movement had become increasingly dissatisfied with Robb's "conservative" klan. Kerry Mayhew, Ford's Georgia Grand Dragon emceed the rally. Georgia participation also included members of the Aryan Resistance League, the Invisible Empire, Cli:ffWarby ofThunor Services, and Identity preacher Don Taylor of Experiment, Georgia. Hate activists C. Ray Harrelson of Smyrna, Georgia and William West of Stone Mountain, Georgia were also present. (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) Clyde Ray Harrelson ofSmyrna is Treasurer ofthe America First Party and is frequently seen at Klan rallies. January 12, 1993 Rome, Floyd County

Charles Curtiss Stoner, Imperial Knighthawk of the Royal Confederate Knights, and his wife Beth, January 23, 1993 also a klan member, were arrested for theft by taking. DeKalb County Curtiss was also arrested on a behavior warrant. (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) Long-time hate activist Mark Margolian of Waukegan, Illinois, mailed hate literature to the January 13, 1993 home of the Neighbors Network's Executive Atlanta, Fulton County Director. This was one of two times this year she received hate mail at her home. Two white males attacked a man outside a gay bar (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) and pushed his face into the ground, kicked him, and said, "You faggots need to die." January 23, 1993 (Source: Lesbian and Gay Public Safety Task Force Pulaski, Tennessee of the Atlanta City Council, ACLU Bias Line) Thorn Robb's Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, a January 14, 1993 faction founded by David Duke, drew about 150 Macon, Bibb County marchers to its annual homecoming rally. Dave A woman from Kingsport, Tennessee was shot to Holland of the Southern White Knights, C. Ray death and another woman was wounded inside Harrelson of the Populist Party, and members of the Pegasus, a lesbian and gay bar. A group of African- Invisible Empire and U.S. Klans, were among the American youths who had twice been ejected from the Georgians present. club for harassing patrons, returned and opened fire (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) with a pistol. Two youths, ages fifteen and sixteen, were charged with murder and aggravated assault. (Source: Etcetera)

Page2 January 23, 1993 February 1993 Cedartown, Polk County Atlanta, Fulton County

Jerry Lord's Rebel Knights failed to appear for a On Boulevard, two white pedestrians reported scheduled rally. that a group of African-American people shouted at (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) them and threw a bottle at them. (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) January 26, 1993 Atlanta, Fulton County February 1993 Metro Atlanta Area In a restaurant on Ponce de Leon Avenue, a man called a group of women "dykes" and threatened to A former white supremacist received telephone kill them. threats. (Source: Lesbian and Gay Public Safety Task Force (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) of the Atlanta City Council, ACLU Bias Line) February2, 1993 February 1993 Hinesville, Liberty County Atlanta, Fulton County An African-American army lieutenant reported A host of a program at radio station WRFG a racist, threatening note and racist graffiti at his received many anti-gay phone calls and hate mail. home. The note also implied threats of sexual The victim frequently addressed Lesbian and Gay violence against the officer's wife. issues, and considered her show to be "pro-gay." (Source: Marietta Daily Journal) (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) February 3, 1993 February 1993 Marietta, Cobb County Jonesboro, Clayton County Nazi Skinhead Robert Q Smith allegedly shot An African-American family reported a series of Marietta resident Bryan Shaw in the back in front of incidents aimed at them in their home, including Shaw's home. Shaw, a former nazi, survived his several incidents in which "KKK" was spray-painted wounds. Smith, a leader of the Roswell-based on their home driveway. The family had lived in the Fyrdung group, was allegedly accompanied by home for six years, and say the incidents began after Aryan Resistance League Security Director John a new family moved into the neighborhood. Bailey and nazi activist Jason Ashcroft. Smith, who Members of the family allegedly referred to the was on felony parole, was arrested in California and vJCt!ms. . as "mggers. . " returned to Georgia. (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) (Source: Neighbors Network monitors)

February 1993 Atlanta, Fulton County

A Cuban restaurant in the Virginia-Highlands neighborhood received a racist telephone threat. (Source: WSB-TV News, Atlanta)

Page3 February7, 1993 February 11, 1993 Rome, Floyd County DeKalb County

The Rome News-Tribune reported on racial A Neighbors Network volunteer received an tensions at Model High School. The previous obscene phone call from a man identifying himself Monday, a group of white students had worn T- as C. Ray Harrelson. Harrelson is a hate activist who shirts with a rebel flag and the caption, "It's a white has been an officer of the Populist Party and the thing. You wouldn't understand." Later in the week, America First Party. an argument occurred between a white and a black (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) student and on Friday morning five or six police cars were outside the school before students arrived. February 13,1993 Canton, Cherokee County February 9,1993 Hinesville, Liberty County The Invisible Empire held a "Meet the Klan Day." Two klan members, including Todd An African-American army officer, already Hendricks, donned robes and stood on the victim of racist threats on February 2, received courthouse steps, while others handed out literature. another harassing note. (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) (Source: Marietta Daily Journal) February 15, 1993 February 11, 1993 Rome, Floyd County Clayton Community, Cherokee County Charles Curtiss Stoner, Imperial Knighthawk of A white woman with two mixed-race children the Royal Confederate Knights, was arrested at his looked at a trailer which she was considering renting home for obstruction of an officer. Police had come in an all-white area. When she returned the next to Stoner's house to arrest him for failure to appear. day, the trailer had been burned. (Source: Rome News-Tribune, (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) Neighbors Network monitors)

February 11, 1993 February 17,1993 Atlanta, Fulton County Rhine, Telfair County

At Morehouse College, during a forum on The Populist Party held a meeting at the Long homophobia and AIDS, panel members were Horn Trading Post between Rhine and Jacksonville, threatened and verbally assaulted by students. The Georgia. panelists were referred to by epithets such as "evil (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) dyke." Similar incidents occurred at two other seminars February 21, 1993 at Morehouse since October 1992. Atlanta, Fulton County (Source: Atlanta Journal-Constitution, Southern Voice) Two gay men underwent months of harassment by neighbors in early 1993, including being called "faggots." On the morning of February 21, a door on their house was hit by a bullet. (Source: Lesbian and Gay Public Safety Task Force of the Atlanta City Council, ACLU Bias Line)

Page 4 February 25, 1993 Atlanta, Fulton County

Two Mrican-American males severely beat a man while saying, "give us your money, faggot." The victim lost three teeth. (Source: Lesbian and Gay Public Safety Task Force of the Atlanta City Council, ACLU Bias Line)

March 1993 DeKalb County

The Neighbors Network hotline's message machine received a long, obscene threatening phone call from men identifying themselves as the Aryan Resistance League. (Source: Neighbors Network monitors)

March 1993 Atlanta, Fulton County

Outside a night club on North Avenue, a nazi While hate groups still raise money through legal means, such as skinhead pointed a .45 pistol at two anti-racist the above donation, funding by criminal activity is increasing. activists. The nazi fled in a Cherokee County car. (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) March 1, 1993 March 1993 Unadilla, Dooly County Marietta, Cobb County Dr. Raymond Young, Chairman of the Georgia A large rock at the Southern College of Populist Party, spoke at a meeting organized by farm Technology was spray-painted with "KKK," a racial activist Tommy Kersey. Kersey took part in the 1985 slur, and "Go Home!" Campus police investigated armed takeover of a Bleckley County farm to the incident. prevent foreclosure. An Oklahoma-based anti- (Source: Marietta Daily Journal) Semitic group assisted Kersey during the takeover. (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) March 1, 1993 Roswell, Fulton County March 4, 1993 Newton, Baker County Three teenagers were arrested for a series of incidents directed at a Jewish family in Wildwood Dr. Raymond Young, Chairman of the Populist Springs. Among the incidents was the painting of a Party of Georgia, spoke at a catfish house to an swastika on the family's lawn during the weekend organized called Save Our Streams. Save Our preceding the arrest. The youths were charged with Streams is opposed to the closing of a creek for theft and criminal trespass. The family made plans "rresearc h purposes. " to move. (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) (Source: Atlanta Journal-Constitution)

Page 5 March 6, 1993 March 10, 1993 Gwinnett County Habersham County

A motorcycle belonging to a Neighbors At Habersham County Central High School, Network volunteer was vandalized and a hat was five to seven African-American students squared off stolen from the bike at a gun show in Gwinnett for a verbal exchange with an equal number of white County. As the volunteer parked his bike and students during a break. The confrontation was entered the gun show, he was recognized and sparked by a white student's essay which referred to harassed by a hate activist associated with the the American welfare system. On Thursday, March National Alliance and Populist Party. When leaving 11, sheriff's deputies monitored entrances. the show, he found the damage to his bike. (Source: The Times, Gainesville) (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) March 11, 1993 March 7,1993 Athens, Clarke County Atlanta, Fulton County Just after midnight a group of young African- Four nazi skinheads, members of the Aryan Americans who had just left a "hip-hop disco" dance Resistance League, were arrested for assault following promotion, allegedly chased, beat, and robbed three an incident in the Little Five Points neighborhood. white persons. The men allegedly followed the victim from a After police dispersed the mob, four to six restaurant, knocked him down, and kicked him in the youths, believed to have been involved in the earlier head. The arrested were Miles Dowling, Brad violence allegedly beat two pedestrians on Lumpkin Satterfield, Robert Durrell Argo, Jr., and John Bailey. Street. (Source: Victim's report) (Source: Athens Banner-Herald)

March 9, 1993 March 11, 1993 Tifton, Tift County Athens, Clarke County

A racial brawl in the rodeo arena at Abraham In a separate incident from the above, a fight Baldwin Agricultural College left a white student that took place between white and African- charged with assault by pointing a gun, and an American youths at a bowling alley left one person African-American student charged with aggravated shot. The fight began at about 2:30 a.m. when assault. The brawl reportedly began when a group of people began swinging pool sticks at each other. It white students used racial slurs at an African- ended with an African-American man firing into American student, which resulted in a fight. The the bowling alley. A white youth, not involved in the African-American student later returned to the fight, was shot. arena with a baseball bat and friends, and further (Source: Athens Banner-Herald) violence occurred. (Source: Albany Herald) March 13, 1993 Ball Ground, Cherokee County March 10, 1993 Powder Springs, Cobb County Atlanta, Fulton County The "Blizzard of 1993" canceled two planned A group of African-American males approached Invisible Empire activities, in Powder Springs and a lesbian couple, struck one, and asked them if they Ball Ground. were gay. (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) (Source: Lesbian and Gay Public Safety Task Force of the Atlanta City Council, ACLU Bias Line)

Page 6 March 16, 1993 March 30, 1993 DeKalb County Atlanta, Fulton County

The Neighbors Network received a series of calls A lesbian and gay organization received an from people identifying themselves as Aryan obscene, harassing phone call on their phone Resistance League members. The callers made message line. numerous threats including that if they met up with (Source: Lesbian and Gay Public Safety Task Force t Neighbors Network volunteers, they would leave of the Atlanta City Council, ACLU Bias Line) them "dead in the street." Earlier that day, Neighbors Network volunteers had attended the arraignment of four Aryan Resistance League members accused of beating a man in the Little Five points neighborhood of Atlanta. (Source: Neighbors Network monitors)

March 20, 1993 Powder Springs, Cobb County

Eight members of the Invisible Empire distributed leaflets. (Source: Neighbors Network monitors)

March 29, 1993 Macon, Bibb County Atlanta, Fulton County

Local organizers of an anti-gay rally in Macon canceled the event after a news release by a National anti-gay group which they considered inflammatory. The white supremacist movement increasingly sheds its State Senator Ed Gochenour was to be the featured Christian, patriotic trappings. speaker. However, about twenty anti-gay demonstrators still gathered at Macon City Hall. March 30, 1993 About fifty others gathered to demonstrate in Atlanta, Fulton County Atlanta. Both rallies were sponsored by a group called "Resistance." R. C. "Lee" Loach organized A man was beaten in the parking lot of a gay bar the Macon rally. on Ponce de Leon Avenue. (Source: Macon News-Telegraph) (Source: Lesbian and Gay Public Safety Task Force of the Atlanta City Council, ACLU Bias Line) March 30, 1993 Stone Mountain, DeKalb County April1993 Metro Atlanta Two gay men were harassed in their home by vandalism and homophobic remarks by a neighbor. In the weeks leading up to the Hitler's Birthday The harassment began in December 1991. Fest in Newton County, area malls and Parkside (Source: Lesbian and Gay Public Safety Task Force Shopping Center in Cobb County saw an increase of the Atlanta City Council, ACLU Bias Line) in Nazi activity aimed at recruiting young people. (Source: Neighbors Network monitors)

Page 7 April1993 April7, 1993 Rome, Floyd County Oakwood, Hall County

Katheryn Elizabeth Roaderick, recently Invisible Empire leader Danny Carver and his banished from the Royal Confederate Knights, two sons were arrested after allegedly attacking a reached a consent agreement to repay $1,560 in Hall County deputy who had come to Carver's public assistance. Roaderick had been charged with house. Carver, Sr. was charged with battering a using fraud to obtain public assistance. As part of woman and obstruction. Daniel Carver, Jr. was the bargain, she was barred from receiving food charged with felony obstruction. stamps for six months. (Source: The Times, Gainesville) (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) April12, 1993 Apri11993 Sumner, Worth County Atlanta, Fulton County The Populist Party of Georgia began a petition Nazi graffiti, including swastikas and "Boulevard drive to get on the Georgia election ballot in 1994. Boot Boys" appeared on walls in the Cabbagetown (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) neighborhood. The vandalism soon spread to Grant Park. April 13, 1993 (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) Fort Gaines, Clay County

Apri11, 1993 Dr. Raymond Young, Chairman of the Populist DeKalb County Party of Georgia, spoke at a historical society meeting. At Miller Grove Elementary School, a white (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) seventh grader was allegedly beaten by a group of African-American sixth-graders. The child suffered April15, 1993 cracked ribs and internal bleeding. The eighth graders New York, New York had reportedly viewed a film about nazi skinheads and were "looking for a white kid." Other incidents of after speaking with an Atlanta area racial harassment at the school were reported. Aryan N ationa! Front officer about attending the (Source: Atlanta Journal-Constitution) April 17, 1993, ''Adolf Hitler Fest" in Covington, Georgia, a representative of MTV received two Apri14, 1993 threatening phone calls, in which MTV personnel Ellabell, Bryan County were told to stay away from the event. The calls apparently originated in the New York area. A private property rally was held by Lewis "Ace" (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) Baxter's New Order Knights. About twelve robed klan members were among the participants. April16, 1993 (Source: Savannah Morning News) DeKalb County

April4, 1993 A group of white men in a camouflaged vehicle DeKalb County drove into the Linwood neighborhood and attempted to assault Mrican-American people. A cross was burned at the home of an African- (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) American woman and her brother. Rocks were also thrown at their house. (Source: Neighbors Network monitors)

Page8 April17, 1993 April24, 1993 Covington, Newton County Lindale, Floyd County

An ''Adolf Hitler Fest," sponsored by the Aryan Ten members of the Royal Confederate Knights Resistance League, Aryan National Front, Aryan distributed literature. Sisters' League and Christian Guard drew about 150 (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) people to a farm in Newton County. The Confederate Forces, based in Conyers, and Populist May1993 Party activist C. Ray Harrelson also reportedly were Atlanta, Fulton County present. Approximately nine participants were arrested, mostly for DUI. A gay business owner was the target of anti-gay A driver was also charged with fleeing after harassment, including having a swastika and "Die, running on foot into the crowd. Police were forced Fag" spray-painted on his store. He also reported to display shotguns before the crowd allowed the being threatened by people driving by yelling, "Die, suspect to be arrested. faggots." The victim said the harassment began (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) when he reported some city workers for being drunk on the job. Apri118, 1993 (Source: Etcetera) Mabelton, Cobb County

A group of gay men were harassed over a long period of time by three young men, who attempted to enlist the aid of others. Park security refused to come to the men's aid, and eventually ordered them to leave the park. Park management admitted that the men had been harassed by both patrons and park security. (Source: Southern Voice, Etcetera)

jerry Byrd, center, shown here as a member ofthe royal Confederate Knights) has an extensive arrest record, including theft by taking and violating Georgias mask law.

April22, 1993 May1993 Washington, D.C. Lincolnton, Lincolnton County

The opening of the Holocaust Museum drew a A white surveyor, employing African-American number of protesters. Ed Fields' Marietta-based workers, found racial slurs spray-painted on the newspaper The Truth At Last helped publicize the front of his business. protest. (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) ______Page 9 Mayl, 1993 Lindale, Floyd County

For the second consecutive weekend, members of the Royal Confederate Knights distributed leaflets. Members of the Aryan Resistance League's Rome chapter were present. (Source: Neighbors Network monitors)

May4, 1993 Marietta, Cobb County

Two men reported an incident in which a truck nearly rear-ended their vehicle. The driver of the truck allegedly got out, shouted racial slurs, and displayed a pistol. The attacker then got into his Increasingly, the Nazi movement is an international one. truck and chased the victims, driving alongside them Above is Danny Sims, a Nazi activist from Canada, at a and spraying mace at them. KKK rally in Tennessee. (Source: Creative Loafing)

May1993 May 5,1993 Atlanta, Fulton County Marietta, Cobb County

A Federal judge ordered The Invisible Empire to While at a dry-cleaner's shop, a man was disband. It was the nation's and Georgia's largest threatened by a man who kicked his car door and klan faction. The judge was approving a proposed said, "I want to kill you." settlement in a suit by civil rights activists who were The victim believes that the attacker was attacked during a march in Forsyth County in 1987. prompted by a gay pride sticker on his car. The group was ordered to pay the merchants (Source: Lesbian and Gay Public Safety Task Force $37,000, turn over its office equipment, and destroy of the Atlanta City Council, ACLU Bias Line) its mailing list. (Source: Atlanta Tournai-Constitution) May 5,1993 Rome, Floyd County May 1993 Marietta, Cobb County At 2:00 a.m., a cross was burned on the lawn of a couple who had recently quit the Royal A former white supremacist reportedly received Confederate Knights, and had participated in a telephone threats. recent Neighbors Network public event in Lindale. (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) The couple also reportedly received threats from KKK leaders. May1993 (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) Atlanta, DeKalb County

The Neighbors Network received a series of harassing, threatening telephone calls from Carol and Jerry Byrd, officers of the Royal Confederate Knights. (Source: Neighbors Network monitors)

Page 10 May8, 1993 Mter returning to the school, a white student Atlanta, Fulton County was allegedly struck with a baseball bat. An Mrican American man at a Lincoln County factory was An African-American man chased a man on threatened by white men who thought his Monroe Drive, shouting, "Halt, police." When the granddaughter was dating the victim. The white victim continued to run, the man yelled, "Stop, man was reportedly arrested, but the African faggot!," and knocked him down. The assailant American man was still fired from his job. ripped off the victim's gay pride necklace, choked (Source: Atlanta Journal-Constitution) him till he passed out and robbed him of $400. (Source: Lesbian and Gay Public Safety Task Force of the Atlanta City Council, ACLU Bias Line)

May8, 1993 Lindale, Floyd County

The Royal Confederate Knights distributed leaflets and sold "Running Nigger" targets, depicting an Mrican-American man. Convicted church (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) bomber J B. Stoner at a May8, 1993 january Marietta, Cobb County 1994 Rebel Knights rally in Cumming. A man was in his car on Windy Hill Road when Georgia. another man ran up to his car screaming homophobic slurs and yelling for him to "get out." The man filed a police report, which failed to May15, 1993 mention the slurs. Rock Mills, Alabama (Source: Etcetera) A rally organized by the Franklin, Georgia May9, 1993 klavern of the Invisible Empire was held just across Lincolnton, Lincoln County the state line in Rock Mills, Alabama. (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) An Atlanta Tournai-Constitution article on alleged school bus segregation including the following May22, 1993 incidents: Rome, Floyd County A 1992 incident in which members of the high school football team walked out of the school after a Members of the Royal Confederate Knights white teammate used a racial slur in asking a white distributed leaflets on Broad Street in Rome. girl why she was sitting next to blacks. (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) A 1993 incident in which a white parent, while holding a beer, boarded a school bus to curse Mrican- May22, 1993 American students. Draketown, Paulding County A 1993 incident in which junior varsity baseball About 200 people attended a rally sponsored by players on an away trip squared off to fight after a the Invisible Empire. An observer at the rally noted white player reportedly used a racial slur while talking that at least two participants illegally possessed to an Mrican-American player. Mter returning to the pistols. school, a white student was struck with a baseball bat. (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) Page 11 May22-23, 1993 According to the woman, the harassment stemmed Jonesboro, Clayton County from her co-workers' resentment at her for doing "men's work." They called her "butch" and "dyke." A maintenance building in Bonanza Subdivision The woman stated that she was injured when a owned by the Parks and Recreation Department was co-worker drove a fork lift at her. Another stranded spray-painted with "KKK," swastikas, and other her on a roof and threw rocks at her. She also stated graffiti. that the men would frequently make comments such (Source: Clayton News-Daily) as, "Who knows? Maybe the KKK will burn someone's house down." In early 1994, the woman May23, 1993 filed a lawsuit against the city. Atlanta, Fulton County (Source: Southern Voice)

Two Mrican-American men and a white man June,1993 beat and robbed a man outside of a gay bar. The Talking Rock, Pickens County victim, who has AIDS, suffered a broken nose. (Source: Lesbian and Gay Public Safety Task Force According to the Department ofTransportation, of the Atlanta City Council, ACLU Bias Line) unknown persons have repeatedly painted black a bust of Governor Zell Miller along a north Georgia May25, 1993 highway bearing his name. The incidents began Rome, Floyd County when Miller attempted to remove the Confederate Battle Flag from the Georgia state flag. Greg Boyd, a former member of the Invisible (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) Empire, was indicted for sending a threatening letter to Morris Dees, Executive Director of the Southern June,l993 Poverty Law Center, which includes the Klanwatch Atlanta, Fulton County project. A 23-year-old Maryland man, after entering a May29, 1993 gay bar on Piedmont Avenue and realizing that he Springfield, Tennessee was in a gay bar, exited the place and vandalized a car in the parking lot. He attempted to strike several The U. S. Klans, based in Henry County, female patrons who confronted him there. After Georgia, held a rally on private property near being arrested, the man made anti -gay statements. Springfield, where the group has a klavern. (Source: Creative Loafing) (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) June 1993 May29, 1993 Dunwoody, DeKalb County Lindale, Floyd County Two nazi skinheads in a car threatened a young Members of the Royal Confederate Knights man canvassing for an environmental group. distributed leaflets in Lindale. (Source: Victim report) (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) June 5, 1993 Summer1993 Tybee Island, Chatham County Marietta, Cobb County About twelve members of Louis ''Ace" Baxter's A female employee of the city of Marietta quit New Order Knights distributed leaflets. her job in the city's meter department following (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) alleged harassment by male fellow employees.

Page 12 June 9, 1993 Rome, Floyd County

Jerry Byrd, officer of the Royal Confederate Knights, was arrested for theft by taking. (Source: Neighbors Network monitors)

June 12, 1993 Clemmons, North Carolina

Racists from around the country gathered to form a new political party, the America First Party. The National Chairman is A. J. Barker of North Carolina, a former Populist Party leader. Ed Fields of Marietta, Georgia was elected as Secretary, and C. Ray Harrelson of Smyrna, Georgia was named Davt'd Irving, a Treasurer. Fields and Harrelson are long-time hate British Holocaust denier, spoke in activists. October 1993 at Also present at the founding were former KKK the DeKa!b activists Babs Wilson and Don Black. Hate activist County and attorney Kirk Lyons was present. Emory Burke Courthouse. was among the speakers at the meeting. Several months later, another America First Party meeting in Clemmons was addressed by Richard Butler of the Aryan Nations. (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) June 17, 1993 Atlanta, Fulton County June 12, 1993 Bowden, Carroll County At an annual gathering of science fiction enthusiasts at a downtown hotel, nazi skinheads The Invisible Empire's Franklin Klavern harassed and attempted to intimidate participants. distributed leaflets. (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) June 19,1993 June 12, 1993 Sandy Springs, Fulton County Griffin, Spalding County Imperial Wizard James Farrands and other klan A rally hosted by local Christian Identity activist leaders met at a townhouse owned by the group's Don Taylor drew about 25 people, many of them attorney Terrence Shannon to announce that the associated with the anti-Semitic Christian Guard. Invisible Empire was changing its name to the Seven nazi skinheads took part, including Jonathan Unified Knights. Monitors saw the name change as Edwards, who is both an officer in the Aryan an attempt to avoid disbanding the group, as ordered Resistance League, and an organizer for the by a federal judge in May. At one point during the Christian Guard. press conference, robed klan members left the house (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) to be photographed by reporters. (Source: Neighbors Network monitors)

Page 13 June 26, 1993 July 7,1993 Atlanta, Fulton County Atlanta, Fulton County

On the Saturday night of a Gay Pride Festival, a A man was assaulted as he left a gay bar by six or man was harassed by four young men near Piedmont seven African-American males. Park. (Source: Lesbian and Gay Public Safety Task Force (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) of the Atlanta City Council, ACLU Bias Line)

July 1993 July 11, 1993 Atlanta, Fulton County Atlanta, Fulton County

Roughly forty nazi skinheads attended a concert A Gay Pride flag which had been hanging on a at the International Ballroom. They reportedly house in the Cabbagetown neighborhood was assaulted a number of people. torched. (Source: Witness report) (Source: Atlanta Tournai-Constitution)

July 1993 July 18, 1993 Rossville, Walker County Screven, Wayne County

Graffiti, including racial slurs, "Ridge Klan," etc. A cross was burned at the home of a white appeared on buildings and signs. woman who had come to the defense of an African- (Source: Witness report) American man accused of stealing money. (Source: Klanwatch) July 1993 Gwinnett County July 21, 1993 Douglasville, Douglas County Two members of a punk rock band were allegedly beaten in a trailer park by nazi skinheads . A racial brawl occurred near Fairburn Road and . (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) Hospital Road. The fight occurred between young white people in several vehicles displaying July, 1993 Confederate battle flags and a number of young Stone Mountain, DeKalb County African-Americans. In another incident, the convoy of vehicles harassed an interracial couple in their car. A former member of the Southern White (Source: Witness report) Knights who had rejected racism received several threatening telephone calls at his workplace. July 24, 1993 (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) Ulysses, Pennsylvania

July 1, 1993 Approximately 300 people, mostly nazi Buford, Gwinnett County skinheads, attended a nazi concert on property owned by Christian Posse Comitatus member A KKK member allegedly followed and August Kreis. A number of nazi skinheads from threatened a Polish man. Georgia took part in the event. (Source: Klanwatch)

Page 14 July 24, 1993 August1993 Rome, Floyd County Marietta, Cobb County

A march sponsored by the Royal Confederate The organizer of the Cobb Citizens Coalition Knights drew about forty marchers, including was threatened with death. The threat was made in members of the Rebel Knights, Winder Knights, a telephone call to the police. Unified Knights (formerly know as the Invisible (Source: Cobb Citizens Coalition) Empire Knights of the Ku Klux Klan), and Alabama Empire Knights. At a rally in a Rome park that evening, RCK member Jerry Byrd was arrested for violating Georgia's mask law. Byrd has a long arrest record. At least three of these arrests were for Klan activity. (Source: Witness report)

July 27' 1993 Atlanta, Fulton County

A man was abducted from outside a gay bar by several African-American males who used homophobic slurs while beating and robbing him. (Source: Southern Voice)

July 29-31, 1993 Daniel Carver, a longtime Klan leader from Oakwood, Georgia, is a Atlanta, DeKalb County convicted felon. Also, during 1993, Carver and his two sons were arrested for allegedly assaulting a police officer. The Neighbors Network received a series of harassing phone calls, some of them threatening. (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) August1993 Willacootchie, Atkinson County July 30, 1993 Clayton County A gay couple living in Willacootchie returned home from a trip in late August to find their mail Three Chattanooga men were arrested for box vandalized, and a death threat including anti- conspiracy to kill a federal agent and for a number of gay slurs on their answering machine. weapons and explosives charges. The three claimed A cross had been burned on their lawn on July 21. to be members of the "Aryan Nations Brotherhood." (Source: Atlanta Constitution, (Source: Atlanta Journal Constitution) Southern Voice, Neighbors Network monitors) August 1993 Phoebe, Putnam County August 2, 1993 Atlanta, Fulton County A building that was to be a hospice for AIDS victims was destroyed in an apparent arson fire. A lesbian activist was allegedly punched in the (Source: Albany Herald, mouth by an openly homophobic state legislator. Atlanta Journal-Constitution) (Source: Neighbors Network monitors)

Page 15 August 11, 1993 Marietta, Cobb County

Cleburne Jordan, long time hate activist and associate of convicted church bomber J. B. Stoner, showed his support for the Cobb County Commission's anti-gay resolution by standing outside its chambers holding a sign that said, "Praise God for AIDS." The Council was inside voting to condemn the "gay lifestyle." joe Blaydes of (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) Mableton, Grand Dragon August 12, 1993 of the Klavelier Rome, Floyd County Knights. According to an article in the Rome News- Tribune, Royal Confederate Knights Imperial Wizard Donnie Allen announced that he had disbanded the RCK and was leaving the KKK movement. Johnny W. Pendergrass, who had been Allen's Grand Dragon, announced the formation of August 3, 1993 a new faction, the Southern Confederate Knights. Atlanta, Fulton County As of March 1993, the Royal Confederate Knights listed 22 members whose dues were fully A gay pride sticker on a woman's car was painted paid, and recruited a number of others during the over by vandals. spnng. (Source: Lesbian and Gay Public Safety Task Force In 1990, Johnny Pendergrass was convicted of of the Atlanta City Council, ACLU Bias Line) aggravated assault, possession of a firearm during the commission of a crime, and carrying a concealed August 8, 1993 weapon without a permit, resulting from an incident Atlanta, Fulton County in which he shot a black man. (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) An article in the Atlanta Journal Constitution on black gays in Atlanta mentioned a recent incident August 15, 1993 on a MARTA bus, in which three young African- DeKalb County American males threatened to kill a young African- American gay man. They called him a "faggot." A woman paid her rent with bills stamped "Dyke Money" (to show gay buying power). Her August 10,1993 landlord called her a "butch bitch" and circulated a Marietta, Cobb County derogatory letter about her. (Source: Lesbian and Gay Public Safety Task Force A woman found articles about Cobb County's of the Atlanta City Council, ACLU Bias Line) anti -gay resolution glued to the door of her house. (Source: Lesbian and Gay Public Safety Task Force of the Atlanta City Council, ACLU Bias Line)

Page 16 Cobb County Nazi skinhead leader Miles Dowling showing his support for the Cobb County Commission.

August 17, 1993 August 15, 1993 Sardis, Burke County Marietta, Cobb County The rioting in Waynesboro spread to Sardis, A rally on the town square protesting Cobb another Burke County town. During the disturbance, County's recent hate resolution drew a number of a city truck and a beauty parlor were set on fire. counter-demonstrators, including Southern White (Source: Atlanta Tournai-Constitution) Knights' Director Dave Holland, nazis Ed Fields and Frank Shirley, nazi skinhead Jason Reeves, August 19,1993 veteran hate activist Cleburne Jordan, and America Avondale Estates, DeKalb County First Party Treasurer C. Ray Harrelson. Harrelson, wearing a pin for UPI (the defunct A woman's car was burned outside her home. press agency) and posing as a reporter, interviewed a She felt that the reason was that she is a Lesbian. number of people at the rally. At least one of those (Source: Lesbian and Gay Public Safety Task Force persons interviewed was later harassed in his home of the Atlanta City Council, ACLU Bias Line) near Lindbergh in Atlanta. The harassment included having copies of The Truth At Last, a hate August 22, 1993 publication for which Harrelson takes photographs, Marietta, Cobb County thrown on their lawn. (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) A "Queer Family Picnic" was held on the Marietta town square, protesting Cobb County's August 16, 1993 hate resolution. Counter-demonstrators included Waynesboro, Burke County nazis Frank Shirley and Ed Fields, nazi skinheads Jeff Partain and John Johnson, and members of the A fight between a white man and several Mrican- Confederate Forces. Americans resulted in a riot. The white man, fleeing Several incidents were recorded. A bomb threat from the fight, knocked over a gas pump, which burst emptied the park. Craig P. Denforth ofMarietta was into flames. He also reportedly knocked down a arrested after he allegedly dropped a fake pipe bomb teenager and a little gir1. under a car near the square. A crowd soon gathered, breaking windows, and Ricky Newton Terrell, leader of the Conyers- throwing rocks and bottles at the police. Gun shots based Confederate Forces, struck the Neighbors were fired, one shot striking a fire truck responding to Network's Executive Director with a picket sign and a false alarm. Three arrests were made. shoved her against a plate glass window. (Source: Atlanta Tournai-Constitution) (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) Page 17 September 1993 Fayetteville, Fayette County

Three teenagers were arrested for allegedly painting racial slurs and "KKK" on the driveway of an Mrican-American family. (Source: Atlanta Tournai Constitution)

September 1993 Marietta, Cobb County

A former white supremacist who had renounced racism was the target of a campaign of harassment, including vandalism of his home on two occasions. (Source: Neighbors Network monitors)

September 11, 1993 Chattanooga, Tennessee

Robert H Countess, a Holocaust revisionist Don Romine's North Georgia Knights failed to from the Huntsville, Alabama area, spoke at carry out a planned rally. a revisionist gathering in the DeKa/b County (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) Courthouse.

September 11, 1993 August29, 1993 Draketown, Paulding County Willacoochee, Atkinson County The Unified Knights (formerly the Invisible Empire) held a rally on private property owned by The home of a gay couple was burned to the Pat Lanzo. The rally drew fewer participants than ground. One of the residents had exited the house the IE-sponsored event of May 22. Despite the shortly before the fire, because he had been frightened by shouts of unknown persons passing by. presence of robed klan members handing out leaflets along Georgia Highway 20, there was no visible Police concluded that faulty wiring was to blame, police presence. but others suspected arson. At this same house, a (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) cross had been burned on July 21. Also on August 29, two other gay residents of the town reportedly found their car vandalized. September 18,1993 (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) Savannah, Chatham County

August 29, 1993 A klan group leafleted the south side, then Atlanta, Fulton County departed to distribute leaflets elsewhere in the county. A man was attacked, beaten and robbed by men (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) using homophobic slurs as he left a gay bar. (Source: Lesbian and Gay Public Safety Task Force of the Atlanta City Council, ACLU Bias Line)

Page 18 September 18, 1993 October 1993 Rome, Floyd County Atlanta, Fulton County

Robert E. Pendergrass, officer of the Southern In Buckhead, a woman's car was damaged by a Confederate Knights, was arrested for underage rock thrown from a group of men who were consumption of alcohol. shouting at her. The woman felt that the attack was (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) directed at her because of a sign on her car condemning recent homophobic actions of the September 18, 1993 Cobb County Commission. Gwinnett County (Source: Neighbors Network monitors)

The America First Party held an organizational October 1993 meeting in Gwinnett County. Guest speakers Marietta, Cobb County included Guillaume Fabien of the French Euro- Nationalist Party and Michel Faci, also from France. A former white supremacist found a bullet hole Faci has reportedly fought in the ranks of various in the front of his home. "nationalist" movements around the world, most (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) recently in Croatia. (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) October 1993 Athens, Clarke County October 1993 Cobb County A newspaper columnist received a hate letter after writing an article commemorating the deaths Near Merchants Walk several Nazi skinheads of four young girls in a 1963 white supremacist attacked two lesbians. In another incident the same bombing in Birmingham. The letter referred to the evening, the same group attacked a young couple journalist as "slime," and "white trash," praising the who objected to the skinheads' sitting on their car. KKK, and was signed, "a true white racist and (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) proud." (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) October 1993 Cordele, Crisp County October, 1993 Cumming, Forsyth County The Church of the Avenger, a white supremacist group based in Tampa, Florida, rented a store to use An Mrican-American nurse found a hand- as its headquarters. The group reportedly had three written note on her car saying that the KKK was local members, including Michael Apperson. watching her. (Source: Marietta Daily Journal) (Source: Neighbors Network monitors)

October 1993 October 1993 Marietta, Cobb County Cobb County

A gay activist, leader of the Cobb Citizens "Die Lesbians" was painted on a woman's car. Coalition, moved out of the county because he had (Source: Cobb Citizens Coalition.) received death threats. (Source: Cobb Citizens Coalition)

Page 19 October 1993 October 13, 1993 Marietta, Cobb County New York, New York

A large firecracker was thrown into a lesbian's The names of four Georgia legislators appeared driveway. in an advertisement in the New York Times. asking (Source: Cobb Citizens Coalition.) President Clinton to free Lyndon LaRouche, who was serving a federal prison sentence for fraud. October 1993 Former U.S. Congressperson Pat Swindall's name Roswell, Fulton County also appeared. Swindall was attempting to overturn a federal perjury conviction. White supremacist literature was left at the (Source: Atlanta Journal-Constitution) home of an anti-racist youth, and a window in the house was broken. October 21, 1993 (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) Birmingham, Alabama

October 3,1993 Mark Lane, 19, of Lilburn, Georgia, was Franklin, Heard County convicted of manslaughter in the 1992 stabbing of Benny Rembert, a homeless African-American. The Unified Knights (formerly the Invisible Two other nazis were convicted of murder in the Empire) distributed leaflets and held a rally on case. All belonged to the Aryan National Front and private property. Neighbors Network volunteers had recently attended a Hitler's birthday rally. distributed leaflets at the same intersection the (Source: Klanwatch Project, previous weekend. Southern Poverty Law Center) (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) October 31, 1993 October 9, 1993 Cobb County Douglasville, Douglas County Several carloads of nazi skinheads threatened A brawl occurred in a parking lot between young young people at a restaurant on Johnson Ferry Road. Mrican-Americans and white people. Someone threw a bottle at one of the cars, and the (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) nazis fled. (Source: Witness report) October 11, 1993 Atlanta, Fulton County November 1993 Atlanta, Fulton County Members of the Populist Party of Georgia gave At the request of a staff member at community out literature at a rally at the Georgia State Capitol. radio station WRFG-FM, Neighbors Network Civil rights and labor organizations had called the volunteers monitored a broadcast shift change for rally to protest the North American Free Trade about six weeks. The staffer was an outspoken Agreement. supporter of equal rights for gays and lesbians, and (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) had complained of veiled threats and harassment from an "Afrocentric" faction on the station staff called the Griots. (Source: Neighbors Network monitors)

Page 20 November 4, 1993 Decatur, DeKaib County

British subject David Irving spoke in a room at the DeKalb County Courthouse to an enthusiastic crowd of about sixty people. Also speaking were Marietta attorney Sam Dickson, head of the Atlanta Committee for Historical Review, and Robert Countess of Huntsville, Alabama. Irving, Dickson, and Countess are all Holocaust Revisionists. Revisionists deny that the Nazi Holocaust occurred. Among those attending were Marietta nazi Ed Fields and ten nazi skinheads, including Jonathan Edwards, Miles Dowling, Paul Parsons, Lorie Warby, and Helen Arrington. (Source: Neighbors Network monitors)

November 10,1993 Jonathon Edwards ofSmyrna. Edwards is an Aryan Resistance League activist, as well as Atlanta, DeKalb County an organizer for the Christian Guard. In Candler Park, a woman's car doors were kicked in. The attacked was apparently prompted by a gay pride sticker on her car. A similar incident reportedly occurred on the street a month before. November 1993 (Source: Lesbian and Gay Public Safety Task Force Cordele, Crisp County of the Atlanta City Council, ACLU Bias Line) Byron, Peach County November13,1993 The Church of the Avenger filed a lien against Americus, Sumter County the Crisp County Courthouse, claiming that a judge had violated his oath of office by jailing local Four white members of a fraternity at Georgia member Michael Apperson on his third DUI Southwestern College were charged with disorderly charge. The action, which had no legal basis, was conduct after allegedly beating an African- filed by Charles Edison of Tampa, Florida. Later in American man while shouting racial slurs. The the month the "Church" abandoned its office, fraternity was suspended from the campus until leaving ward that it was moving to Byron, Georgia. September for alcohol violations, and creating racial tensions. The fraternity was ordered to sponsor a November 1993 cultural awareness event. Roswell, Fulton County (Source: Columbus Ledger-Enquirer) Marietta, Cobb County Unknown Location Increased harassment against former white November 13, 1993 supremacists was reported. In one case, two juvenile white suspects reportedly chased and shot at a The Unified Knights (formerly the Invisible former white supremacist. Empire) held a rally. It was unclear from the group's (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) telephone message line where the event was to take place. (Source: Neighbors Network monitors)

Page21 November 13,1993 November 20, 1993 Columbia, South Carolina Smyrna, Cobb County

Georgia hate activists, including members of the The America First Party and Southern White Populist Party, took part in a rally in defense of the Knights held a Christmas party at a Mexican Confederate Battle Flag. restaurant with about 100 attending. (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) (Source: Neighbors Network monitors)

November 15, 1993 December 1993 Atlanta, DeKalb County Jefferson, Jackson County

Two men using anti-gay epithets beat another Members of the African-American community man at Emory University. picketed a store, claiming that the owner, a native of (Source: Etcetera, Southern Voice) India, had harassed African-American customers. Picketing began after an African-American woman November17, 1993 claimed that the owner cursed her and threatened to Rome, Floyd County blow up her car. The owner denied harassing customers. Carol Byrd, a member of the Royal Confederate (Source: Athens Banner-Herald) Knights until the group disbanded in August, was arrested for obstruction of officers. December 4, 1993 (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) Dallas, Paulding County

Novernber20, 1993 The city's annual Christmas parade was canceled Atlanta, Fulton County after James Spivey and the Unified Knights (formerly the Invisible Empire) insisted on taking A woman's car was vandalized outside her home. part. A privately organized parade was scheduled for She feels the vandalism was sparked by a gay pride the next week. emblem on her car. (Source: Dallas New Era) (Source: Lesbian and Gay Public Safety Task Force of the Atlanta City Council, ACLU Bias Line) December 5, 1993 Atlanta, Fulton County November 20, 1993 Pulaski, Tennessee In the Little Five Points neighborhood, four Hammerskins including Bryan McDaniel allegedly A march and rally was held by Thorn Robb's harassed a Jamaican street performer, kicking his can Knights of the KKK. The rally drew a handful of of change into the street. When bystanders came to Georgia participants, including members of the the victim's aide, the four fled, threatening to return Unified Knights (formerly the Invisible Empire), in force. They were not seen again. and Dave Holland, Director of the Southern White (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) Knights. (Source: Neighbors Network monitors)

Page22 December 11, 1993 Summer1992 Dallas, Paulding County Rome, Floyd County

About two dozen white supremacists appeared A number of incidents were reported in which along the route of a Christmas parade to protest nazi skinheads beat and threatened young people. their exclusion from the event. Among those present Most of the victims were young whites who were James Spivey and Joe Blaydes of the Unified associated with Mrican-American people. Knights (formerly Invisible Empire), Paulding (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) County hate activists James Richard Coursey, Jr. and Sr., America First Party treasurer C. Ray Harrelson, 1992 several nazi skinheads and members of the Southern Toccoa, Stephens County Confederate Knights from Rome. (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) Eight students were suspended following a series of brawls. Three non-students were arrested outside December 27, 1993 the school for possession of crack and a machine Cobb County gun. Two area ministers, one white and one Mrican- American, were brought in to counsel students. A group of nazi skinheads attacked an anti -racist (Source: Rome News-Tribune) skinhead near Merchants' Walk, slashing his face twice with a razor. The victim was a former nazi March 1992 activist who had renounced racism. Rome, Floyd County (Source: Victim report) Donald S. Shedd, a member of the Royal OTHER INCIDENTS FROM PREVIOUS Confederate Knights, in a negotiated plea, pled YEARS guilty to two counts of DUI. He received a no- prosecution. Shedd was ordered to get drug and 1992 alcohol counseling. Macon, Bibb County, 1992 (Source: Neighbors Network monitors)

On Hardman Avenue, two gay men noticed that a June 29,1992 man in another car was pointing a sawed-off shotgun Rome, Floyd County at them. The victims believed that the attacker was provoked by a gay pride sticker on their car. John Edson Baily, Robert Durrell Argo and (Source: Macon Telegraph) Bradley Satterfield, all members of the Aryan Resistance League, were arrested for criminal Rome, Floyd County, 1992 trespass and underage consumption of alcohol. (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) A former member of the Royal Confederate Knights, Roy Lee Roaderick, was arrested for terroristic threats and aggravated assault in an September 4, 1992 incident involving RCK members. Rome, Floyd County According to former RCK members, the incident began when klan members were ordered to harass A threatening message was left on a phone Roaderick, who had been "banished" from the group. machine at the Rome News-Tribune. The threats On November 6, RCK security officer Jerry Byrd were to be carried out if the newspaper printed was charged with filing a false report in connection anything about the movie "Malcolm X." with the incident. (Source: Rome News-Tribune) (Source: Neighbors Network monitors)

Page23 September 14, 1992 1991 Rome, Floyd County Athens, Clarke County

Katheryn Elizabeth Roaderick, a member of the In a gay-bashing incident the door of a student's Royal Confederate Knights, was arrested in the jail room in a dormitory was set on fire. lobby on a behavior warrant. Roaderick faced a (Source: Atlanta Journal Constitution) similar charge a year earlier. Roaderick remained an RCK member until the group mailed her a February9, 1991 "banishment" letter on December 21, 1992. Rome, Floyd County Apparently, her offense had been associating with her husband, who had been previously banished. Bryan Kieth Cromer, a member of the Royal (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) Confederate Knights, was arrested for driving on a suspended license, driving without auto insurance, September 21, 1992 running a stop sign, improper equipment, and Atlanta, Fulton County violation of child safety restraint laws. (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) A gay homeless man who lived with his companion in the vicinity of the federal penitentiary March 1991 was beaten to death. Two men, also homeless, were Rome, Floyd County tried for the killing in 1993 and acquitted. The defendants admitted harassing the two gay In a negotiated plea, Donald S. Shedd, member men because they were gay, but said that two of the Royal Confederate Knights, pleaded guilty to unknown men had beaten the victims to death. two counts ofDUI and received a no-prosecution on (Source: Atlanta Journal Constitution) a charge of theft by receiving stolen property. As part of this sentence for DUI, he was ordered to get November15,1992 drug and alcohol counseling. Rome, Floyd County (Source: Neighbors Network monitors)

Charles Curtiss Stoner was arrested at his home March24, 1991 for allegedly battering his wife. Stoner was a Rome, Floyd County Knighthawk in the Royal Confederate Knights. Near the end of the year, Stoner was arrested for Roy Lee Roaderick, a member of the Royal driving on a suspended license. Two former RCK Confederate Knights, was arrested for writing a bad officers also reported the Stoner family put up their check. Roaderick was also being held for Polk house as bond when Stoner was arrested for DUJ. County authorities. In May, Roaderick was arrested Stoner was also arrested at least twice early in on a behavior warrant. On July 8, he was arrested for 1993. criminal trespass and pointing a pistol at another. (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) Later he was arrested for being under the influence. (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) December 21, 1992 Rome, Floyd County April11, 1991 DeKalb County Charles Curtiss Stoner, the RCK Knighthawk, was arrested for driving on a suspended license and At Miller Grove Elementary School, a number improper lane change. of white students were reportedly assaulted after the (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) Rodney King verdict. (Source: Atlanta Journal Constitution)

Page24 June 1991 Rome, Floyd County

Robert Durell Argo, John Edson Bailey, and Bradley Allen Satterfield were arrested along Highway 27 for criminal trespass and underage consumption of alcohol. All were officers of the Aryan Resistance League. (Source: Neighbors Network monitors)

September 10, 1991 Rome, Floyd County

A year after being arrested on a similar charge, Royal Confederate Knights member Kathryn Elizabeth Roaderick of Lindale was arrested in the johnny W Pendergrass (behind boy}, Grand jail lobby on a behavior warrant. Dragon of the Royal Confederate Knights until (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) they disbanded in August 199J,formed his own group, the Southern Confederate Knights. In 1990, Pendergrass was convicted ofshoot£ng an September 27, 1991 African-Amer£can man in a fight. Rome, Floyd County

Kathryn Elizabeth Roaderick, a member of the Royal Confederate Knights, was arrested on a behavior warrant in the jail lobby. 1990 (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) May28, 1990 December 1991 Rome, Floyd County Blakely, Early County Jerry Byrd of the Royal Confederate Knights A white woman who was dating an African- was arrested for criminal trespass, and his wife American man received telephone threats and a Carol, also a member, was arrested on a behavior KKK calling card. warrant. (Source: Neighbors Network monitors) (Source: Neighbors Network monitors)

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Hidden Ag!!'lda: The Influence of Religious Extremism on the Politics Of Cobb County, Geo~la lssu in June 1994, this report documents the emergence and local political influence of American Vision, an important but little-noticed Religious Right organization which promotes the anti-gay resolution passed by the Cobb County Commission.

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Hatred in Gmi•. 1993 This is Nelg()rs Network's annual report of hate crime and hate group activity in Georgia, with analysis of recent trends among hate groups.

___ Copies @ $5.00 each Total_

Hatred In Geo~ia, past issues,1989-1992 We still have a ew left from previous years. Take advantage of our close-out price.

Copies of 1989 report @ $1.00 each SOLD OUT Total __ -Copies of 1990 report@ $1.00 each Total_ Copies of 1991 report @ $1.00 each Total =_Copies of 1992 report@ $1.00 each SOLD OUT Total_

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!iyanbols of' Hat:red

The Nazi Swastika

Klan Blood Drop

Celtic Cross

The Three The Bladed Swastika Thunderbolt

W.A.R. Swastika

Church The of the Creator Night Rider