DOCSLIB.ORG

Chinese Pride?

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Chinese Pride? Chinese Pride? Searching Between Gendered Diasporas and Multicultural States by Yao Xiao B.A., Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, 2009 M.A., University of Calgary, 2011 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in The Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies (Educational Studies) THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA (Vancouver) August 2017 © Yao Xiao, 2017 Abstract This research of pride is necessarily from but not limited to my own personal searching, as a Cantonese/Chinese migrant across (Northern Guangdong) mountains, (Pearl River) delta, and (East Pacific) waterfronts. To explore what (Chinese) pride means in context, who needs it, and how it relates to the learning of empowerment, privilege, and diversity, I deploy a multi-biographical method to explore the mixed productions and expressions of pride. These multi-biographical sources include: audio life history interviews with thirteen community activists in the East Pacific port of Greater Vancouver and specifically in Richmond where significant streams of Chinese diasporas locate, five autobiographical accounts in a national Chinese-Canadian online project, and audio-video clips of two Chinese-Canadian stories in a transnational Chinese television/online program. Searching and researching these life stories, I find (Chinese) pride articulable on two journeys. A journey of diaspora emphasizes the flux of pride, expressible in a trio of gendered stories from women’s heritage to both women and men in migration and further to queer and nonqueer immigrant youth collaboration. A journey of state emphasizes the stability of pride, expressible in a trio of multicultural stories from nation-state citizenship to local citizenship and further to a global state of mind. While this mix of life journey/storytelling speaks in its own way towards more soul-searching and politically-sensitive projects of learning, my conclusion is more modestly about bringing four small elements to cultural studies of education: namely, extramural education as collaborative praxis, aspirational learning in political literacy, critical education with place-based and mobile cultures, and a reflexive take on why (and in what ways) cultural studies of education matters to me. With all these tissues of pride alive, I hope primarily and modestly to create openings in what could be done between/with you and me. ii Lay Summary Writing as a Cantonese/Chinese migrant in Greater Vancouver, I brought together different Chinese-Canadian life stories to show how pride was expressed, produced and used: from folks who organized identity-based and culture-based projects in local grassroots activism, to folks who took leadership positions in the institutional representative space of government and non-governmental organizations, and further to folks featured in transnational media representations. At once valuing and questioning what it meant to become proudly Chinese or otherwise, this research identified old and new ways to stand and represent amidst variously rising, mixed feelings of Chinese power. Beyond traditional conceptions of pride rooted in psychological measurement and Eurocentric political philosophy, this research pushed the fight of pride into the contemporary politics of Chinese migrations and settlements. By bringing educators, artists, activists, and myself into conversations, this narrative research broadens the understanding of education in terms of community activism, cross-generation communication, and cross-cultural learning. iii Preface This dissertation is an original, intellectual product of the author, Yao Xiao. A shorter version of section 2.3 in Chapter Two has been published. Xiao, Y. (2015). Radical feelings in the ‘liberation zone’: Active Chinese Canadian citizenship in Richmond, B.C. Citizenship Education Research Journal, 4 (1), 13-28. The field research of conducting interviews was approved by the Behavioural Research Ethics Board at The University of British Columbia on August 5, 2014. Approval number: H14-01576. iv Table of Contents Abstract .......................................................................................................................................... ii Lay Summary ............................................................................................................................... iii Preface ...........................................................................................................................................iv Table of Contents .......................................................................................................................... v List of Tables .............................................................................................................................. viii Acknowledgements ...................................................................................................................... ix 1 Where Am I? ........................................................................................................................... 1 2 Searching for Pride: A Literature Review (with A Theoretical Guide) .......................... 20 2.1 The abnormality of pride: questions of minority self-esteem and social psychology .......... 20 2.2 The normativity of pride: questions of eurocentric governance and political science ......... 23 2.3 Towards a deconstruction of pride: turning to cultural studies ............................................. 28 2.3.1 How do I make a case for doing cultural studies of pride? a theoretical orientation ....... 36 3 Researching Pride: A Multi-Biographical Method ........................................................... 44 3.1 Critical theory and narrative inquiry ..................................................................................... 46 3.1.1 Life history as narrative inquiry ....................................................................................... 47 3.2 Data collection ...................................................................................................................... 50 3.2.1 Life history interview with 13 Chinese Canadian activists ............................................. 52 3.2.2 Written voices in a Canada-based media project on Asian Canadian pride .................... 54 3.2.3 Biographical videos in a China-based media project on overseas Chinese pride ............ 55 3.3 Data analysis ......................................................................................................................... 56 3.3.1 Arranging different texts .................................................................................................. 56 3.3.2 Coding, triangulating, and synthesizing into themes ....................................................... 57 3.3.3 The nature and presentation of findings ........................................................................... 60 3.3.4 A conceptual map prepared for the journey ..................................................................... 61 4 Pride in Gendered Diasporas ............................................................................................... 65 4.1 Grandmother-granddaughter crosscurrent: translating memories of home .......................... 65 4.1.1 Kathryn Gwun-Yeen Lennon: my Cantonese grandma from Cheung Chau island ......... 69 4.1.2 Claudia Kelly Li: my culture of strong Hakka women .................................................... 74 v 4.2 Migrant man–migrant woman crosscurrent: making home .................................................. 78 4.2.1 Hwa: love struggles .......................................................................................................... 82 4.2.2 Daughters and sons: migrant teenagers in small British Columbia towns ....................... 87 4.3 Queer-nonqueer youth crosscurrent: a different home is possible? ...................................... 90 4.3.1 阿風: building my own house .......................................................................................... 93 4.3.2 Tse: becoming a progressive Chinese Christian .............................................................. 96 4.4 A temporary landing ........................................................................................................... 101 5 Pride in Multicultural States ............................................................................................. 102 5.1 Colony-nation crossroads: British Hong Kong-Chinese becoming proudly Canadian? .... 102 5.1.1 Looking forward to Canadianness? ............................................................................... 107 5.1.2 Looking forward to Chineseness? .................................................................................. 109 5.2 Ethnicity-city crossroads: Richmond in a state of development ......................................... 112 5.2.1 The power of local ethnic markets? ............................................................................... 115 5.2.2 A city councillor speaks ................................................................................................. 121 5.3 Migration-communication crossroads: Sinophone messages in a global state of mind ..... 124 5.3.1 Creating a common space through Chinese drama? ...................................................... 128 5.3.2 Moving Sinophone poetry into global knowledge? ....................................................... 131 5.4 A temporary landing ..........................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Modern Hong Kong
    Modern Hong Kong Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Asian History Modern Hong Kong Steve Tsang Subject: China, Hong Kong, Macao, and/or Taiwan Online Publication Date: Feb 2017 DOI: 10.1093/acrefore/9780190277727.013.280 Abstract and Keywords Hong Kong entered its modern era when it became a British overseas territory in 1841. In its early years as a Crown Colony, it suffered from corruption and racial segregation but grew rapidly as a free port that supported trade with China. It took about two decades before Hong Kong established a genuinely independent judiciary and introduced the Cadet Scheme to select and train senior officials, which dramatically improved the quality of governance. Until the Pacific War (1941–1945), the colonial government focused its attention and resources on the small expatriate community and largely left the overwhelming majority of the population, the Chinese community, to manage themselves, through voluntary organizations such as the Tung Wah Group of Hospitals. The 1940s was a watershed decade in Hong Kong’s history. The fall of Hong Kong and other European colonies to the Japanese at the start of the Pacific War shattered the myth of the superiority of white men and the invincibility of the British Empire. When the war ended the British realized that they could not restore the status quo ante. They thus put an end to racial segregation, removed the glass ceiling that prevented a Chinese person from becoming a Cadet or Administrative Officer or rising to become the Senior Member of the Legislative or the Executive Council, and looked into the possibility of introducing municipal self-government.
    [Show full text]
  • Official Record of Proceedings
    HONG KONG LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL — 30 November 1994 1117 OFFICIAL RECORD OF PROCEEDINGS Wednesday, 30 November 1994 The Council met at half-past Two o'clock PRESENT THE PRESIDENT THE HONOURABLE JOHN JOSEPH SWAINE, C.B.E., LL.D., Q.C., J.P. THE CHIEF SECRETARY THE HONOURABLE MICHAEL LEUNG MAN-KIN, C.B.E., J.P. THE FINANCIAL SECRETARY THE HONOURABLE SIR NATHANIEL WILLIAM HAMISH MACLEOD, K.B.E., J.P. THE ATTORNEY GENERAL THE HONOURABLE JEREMY FELL MATHEWS, C.M.G., J.P. THE HONOURABLE ALLEN LEE PENG-FEI, C.B.E., J.P. THE HONOURABLE MRS SELINA CHOW LIANG SHUK-YEE, O.B.E., J.P. THE HONOURABLE MARTIN LEE CHU-MING, Q.C., J.P. DR THE HONOURABLE DAVID LI KWOK-PO, O.B.E., LL.D., J.P. THE HONOURABLE NGAI SHIU-KIT, O.B.E., J.P. THE HONOURABLE PANG CHUN-HOI, M.B.E. THE HONOURABLE SZETO WAH THE HONOURABLE TAM YIU-CHUNG THE HONOURABLE ANDREW WONG WANG-FAT, O.B.E., J.P. THE HONOURABLE LAU WONG-FAT, O.B.E., J.P. THE HONOURABLE EDWARD HO SING-TIN, O.B.E., J.P. THE HONOURABLE FONALD JOSEPH ARCULLI, O.B.E., J.P. 1118 HONG KONG LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL — 30 November 1994 THE HONOURABLE MRS PEGGY LAM, O.B.E., J.P. THE HONOURABLE MRS MIRIAM LAU KIN-YEE, O.B.E., J.P. THE HONOURABLE LAU WAH-SUM, O.B.E., J.P. DR THE HONOURABLE LEONG CHE-HUNG, O.B.E., J.P. THE HONOURABLE JAMES DAVID McGREGOR, O.B.E., I.S.O., J.P.
    [Show full text]
  • Hong Kong's Endgame and the Rule of Law (Ii): the Battle Over "The People" and the Business Community in the Transition to Chinese Rule
    HONG KONG'S ENDGAME AND THE RULE OF LAW (II): THE BATTLE OVER "THE PEOPLE" AND THE BUSINESS COMMUNITY IN THE TRANSITION TO CHINESE RULE JACQUES DELISLE* & KEVIN P. LANE- 1. INTRODUCTION Transitional Hong Kong's endgame formally came to a close with the territory's reversion to Chinese rule on July 1, 1997. How- ever, a legal and institutional order and a "rule of law" for Chi- nese-ruled Hong Kong remain works in progress. They will surely bear the mark of the conflicts that dominated the final years pre- ceding Hong Kong's legal transition from British colony to Chinese Special Administrative Region ("S.A.R."). Those endgame conflicts reflected a struggle among adherents to rival conceptions of a rule of law and a set of laws and institutions that would be adequate and acceptable for Hong Kong. They unfolded in large part through battles over the attitudes and allegiance of "the Hong Kong people" and Hong Kong's business community. Hong Kong's Endgame and the Rule of Law (I): The Struggle over Institutions and Values in the Transition to Chinese Rule ("Endgame I") focused on the first aspect of this story. It examined the political struggle among members of two coherent, but not monolithic, camps, each bound together by a distinct vision of law and sover- t Special Series Reprint: Originally printed in 18 U. Pa. J. Int'l Econ. L. 811 (1997). Assistant Professor, University of Pennsylvania Law School. This Article is the second part of a two-part series. The first part appeared as Hong Kong's End- game and the Rule of Law (I): The Struggle over Institutions and Values in the Transition to Chinese Rule, 18 U.
    [Show full text]
  • In Hong Kong the Political Economy of the Asia Pacific
    The Political Economy of the Asia Pacific Fujio Mizuoka Contrived Laissez- Faireism The Politico-Economic Structure of British Colonialism in Hong Kong The Political Economy of the Asia Pacific Series editor Vinod K. Aggarwal More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/7840 Fujio Mizuoka Contrived Laissez-Faireism The Politico-Economic Structure of British Colonialism in Hong Kong Fujio Mizuoka Professor Emeritus Hitotsubashi University Kunitachi, Tokyo, Japan ISSN 1866-6507 ISSN 1866-6515 (electronic) The Political Economy of the Asia Pacific ISBN 978-3-319-69792-5 ISBN 978-3-319-69793-2 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69793-2 Library of Congress Control Number: 2017956132 © Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication.
    [Show full text]
  • Inventory of the Collection Chinese People's Movement, Spring 1989 Volume Ii: Audiovisual Materials, Objects and Newspapers
    International Institute of Social History www.iisg.nl/collections/tiananmen/ INVENTORY OF THE COLLECTION CHINESE PEOPLE'S MOVEMENT, SPRING 1989 VOLUME II: AUDIOVISUAL MATERIALS, OBJECTS AND NEWSPAPERS at the International Institute of Social History (IISH) International Institute of Social History www.iisg.nl/collections/tiananmen/ For a list of the Working Papers published by Stichting beheer IISG, see page 181. International Institute of Social History www.iisg.nl/collections/tiananmen/ Frank N. Pieke and Fons Lamboo INVENTORY OF THE COLLECTION CHINESE PEOPLE'S MOVEMENT, SPRING 1989 VOLUME II: AUDIOVISUAL MATERIALS, OBJECTS AND NEWSPAPERS at the International Institute of Social History (IISH) Stichting Beheer IISG Amsterdam 1991 International Institute of Social History www.iisg.nl/collections/tiananmen/ CIP-GEGEVENS KONINLIJKE BIBLIOTHEEK, DEN HAAG Pieke, Frank N. Inventory of the Collection Chinese People's Movement, spring 1989 / Frank N. Pieke and Fons Lamboo. - Amsterdam: Stichting beheer IISG Vol. II: Audiovisual Materials, Objects and Newspapers at the International Institute of Social History (IISH). - (IISG-werkuitgaven = IISG-working papers, ISSN 0921-4585 ; 16) Met reg. ISBN 90-6861-060-0 Trefw.: Chinese volksbeweging (collectie) ; IISG ; catalogi. c 1991 Stichting beheer IISG All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Niets uit deze uitgave mag worden vermenigvuldigd en/of openbaar worden gemaakt door middel van druk, fotocopie, microfilm of op welke andere wijze ook zonder voorafgaande schriftelijke toestemming van de uitgever. Printed in the Netherlands International Institute of Social History www.iisg.nl/collections/tiananmen/ TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents v Preface vi 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Official Record of Proceedings
    HONG KONG LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL — 19 February 1993 2059 OFFICIAL RECORD OF PROCEEDINGS Friday, 19 February 1993 The Council met at half-past Two o'clock PRESENT THE CHIEF SECRETARY (MEMBER PRESIDING) THE HONOURABLE SIR DAVID ROBERT FORD, K.B.E., L.V.O., J.P. THE FINANCIAL SECRETARY THE HONOURABLE NATHANIEL WILLIAM HAMISH MACLEOD, C.B.E., J.P. THE ATTORNEY GENERAL THE HONOURABLE JEREMY FELL MATHEWS, C.M.G., J.P. THE HONOURABLE ALLEN LEE PENG-FEI, C.B.E., J.P. THE HONOURABLE STEPHEN CHEONG KAM-CHUEN, C.B.E., J.P. THE HONOURABLE HUI YIN-FAT, O.B.E., J.P. THE HONOURABLE MARTIN LEE CHU-MING, Q.C., J.P. THE HONOURABLE NGAI SHIU-KIT, O.B.E., J.P. THE HONOURABLE PANG CHUN-HOI, M.B.E. THE HONOURABLE SZETO WAH THE HONOURABLE TAM YIU-CHUNG THE HONOURABLE ANDREW WONG WANG-FAT, O.B.E., J.P. THE HONOURABLE LAU WONG-FAT, O.B.E., J.P. THE HONOURABLE EDWARD HO SING-TIN, O.B.E., J.P. THE HONOURABLE MRS PEGGY LAM, O.B.E., J.P. THE HONOURABLE MRS MIRIAM LAU KIN-YEE, O.B.E., J.P. THE HONOURABLE LAU WAH-SUM, O.B.E., J.P. DR THE HONOURABLE LEONG CHE-HUNG, O.B.E. 2060 HONG KONG LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL — 19 February 1993 THE HONOURABLE JAMES DAVID McGREGOR, O.B.E., I.S.O., J.P. THE HONOURABLE MRS ELSIE TU, C.B.E. THE HONOURABLE ALBERT CHAN WAI-YIP THE HONOURABLE VINCENT CHENG HOI-CHUEN THE HONOURABLE MOSES CHENG MO-CHI THE HONOURABLE MARVIN CHEUNG KIN-TUNG, J.P.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction: the Uniqueness of Hong Kong Democracy
    Notes Introduction: The Uniqueness of Hong Kong Democracy 1 . Charles Tilly, Democracy (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2007), p. 7. 2 . Ibid . 3 . Ibid ., p. 9. 4 . Ibid . 5 . Ibid ., p. xi. 6 . Ibid . 7 . Ibid ., p. 13. 8 . Charles Tilly, Trust and Rule (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005), p. 12. 9 . Ibid. 10 . Ibid ., p. 104. 11 . Tilly, Democracy , p. 135. 12 . Ibid ., p. 136. 13 . Ibid ., p. 146. 14 . Ibid ., pp. 110–111. 15 . Ibid ., p. 110. 16 . Ibid ., p. 135. 17 . David Potter, “Explaining Democratization,” in David Potter, David Goldblatt, Margaret Kiloh and Paul Lewis, eds., Democratization (Cambridge: Polity Press, 1997), pp. 3–5. 18 . See, for example, Seymour Martin Lipset, Political Man (London: Heinemann, 1983). 19 . Ibid ., p. 21. 20 . Ibid . 21 . Ibid . 22 . Ibid ., p. 15. 23 . Guillermo O’Donnell and Philippe C. Schmitter, Transition from Authoritarian Rule: Tentative Conclusions about Uncertain Democracies (Baltimore, Maryland: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1986). 24 . Potter, “Explaining Democratization,” p. 29. 25 . Samuel P. Huntington, The Third Wave: Democratization in the Late Twentieth Century (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1993), p. 7. 26 . Ibid ., p. 38. 27 . Ibid ., pp. 65–66. 28 . Ibid ., p. 73. 29 . Ibid ., p. 86. 30 . Ibid ., pp. 93–94. 31 . Ibid ., p. 100. 32 . Ibid ., p. 122. 33 . Ibid ., p. 123. 34 . Ibid ., p. 142. 160 Notes 161 35 . Ibid ., p. 151. 36 . Ibid ., pp. 152–153. 37 . Ibid ., p. 159. 38 . Ibid ., p. 159. 39 . Ibid ., p. 171. 40 . Ibid ., p. 192. 41 . Ibid ., p. 199. 42 . Ibid ., p. 202. 43 . Ibid ., p.
    [Show full text]
  • Tradução Para Legendagem 7
    UNIVERSIDADE DE LISBOA FACULDADE DE LETRAS Tradução audiovisual à luz da Teoria de Skopos: o caso da legendagem da série “As Imperatrizes no Palácio (Zhēn Huán zhuàn 甄嬛传)”. Jingrui Zhang Dissertação orientada pela Professora Doutora Elisabetta Colla Rosado Coelho David, especialmente elaborada para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Tradução 2021 AGRADECIMENTOS Em primeiro lugar, à minha orientadora Elisabetta Colla Rosado Coelho David, pela simpatia com que me recebeu, pela sua orientação de trabalho e por todo o apoio prestado durante a frequência do meu mestrado. Aos meus pais, pelo vosso sacrifício e pela vossa educação desde que nasci. Aos meus primos e amigos, pela vossa amizade. Ao meu namorado, Ricardo Borges, pelo teu amor, carinho e companhia, por estares sempre presente, por me teres ajudado a ultrapassar os momentos mais difíceis e por todo o teu incentivo. Resumo Esta dissertação de mestrado propõe-se a estudar de que forma são traduzidos, nos textos audiovisuais, os elementos culturais que distinguem as línguas e culturas chinesa e portuguesa, tomando como objeto de estudo a legendagem da série chinesa “As Imperatrizes no Palácio (Zhēn Huán zhuàn 甄嬛传)” da Netflix. Esta série, cujo tema se desenvolve entre 1723 e 1735 durante o reinado da Dinastia Qing, relata a vida da personagem principal, Zhen Huan 甄嬛, no palácio imperial. Com a globalização, verificou-se um desenvolvimento abrangente e acelerado da comunicação política, económica e cultural entre a China e os restantes países. Ao longo dos últimos cem anos, as obras cinematográficas e televisivas revelaram-se formas de arte de alcance global com forte apelo popular, características que as estabeleceram como canais de comunicação de relevo e que possibilitaram a existência de intercâmbios culturais a um ritmo elevado, desencadeando assim um papel crucial na comunicação.
    [Show full text]
  • The University W1 the University – Introduction
    The University W1 The University – Introduction Introduction The Hong Kong Polytechnic University (PolyU) is committed to the mission of achieving academic excellence in a professional context. The emphasis is to provide application-oriented education and training programmes to support the community’s need for skilled and professional manpower. The University is centrally located in Hung Hom on a site of approximately 93,360m2 adjacent to the Cross Harbour Tunnel. Located at the heart of the campus is the Li Ka Shing Tower, a 18-storey building, housing the University’s central administration units, academic offices, teaching rooms, computer rooms and communal facilities. Redevelopment of Pak Sui Yuen provides about 260 guest rooms, ancillary facilities as well as teaching and office accommodation for the School of Hotel and Tourism Management. The Jockey Club Innovation Tower is home to the School of Design and also provides high quality facilities for communal uses as well as self-financed activities. The multi-purpose Jockey Club Auditorium and the Chiang Chen Studio Theatre provide quality venues for performances, exhibitions, conferences and student/staff activities. Redevelopment of Block X, comprising a low rise and sustainable building with uses including workshops and offices for Aviation Services Research Centre, an indoor swimming pool, a 5-a-side indoor football pitch, an indoor gymnasium and student communal facilities, will also provide landscaped recreational space and serve as a circulation hub for the Main Campus. The project was completed in the summer of 2017. Majority of Block X has been put into operation since September 2017. Meanwhile, an iconic footbridge linking the Main Campus and podium level of Block Z is being constructed and scheduled for completion in early 2019.
    [Show full text]
  • The Emergence and Development of Hong Kong English
    THE EMERGENCE AND DEVELOPMENT OF HONG KONG ENGLISH QI ZHANG Abstract The aim of this paper is to critically review previous studies on Hong Kong English (HKE) and examine the future research focus on this issue. Three historical stages are outlined to evaluate the emergence of HKE: the early era of English in Hong Kong, the late colonial era of HKE, and the post-1997 era of HKE. Two issues emerge from the evaluation of HKE. One is the negative attitude towards HKE, the other is whether English or Cantonese should be the medium of instruction in schools and universities. Although it can be concluded that HKE has already developed into a unique variety in the world, the future research focus could be on language attitude and the medium of instruction. Keywords: Hong Kong English, Englishes, Cantonese, diglossic, emergence. Introduction Hong Kong attracts a number of sociolinguistic scholars and researchers from the post-war era to the post-colonial period because of its social-historical transition. Even within this territory, there are many debates on the issue of language policy. English, as the only official language in the early years of Hong Kong becoming the British colony, still plays an important role in the domains of politics, economy, and education. On the other hand, English used in Hong Kong tends to have its own characteristics, which are gradually becoming more and more systematic. Under these circumstances, the existence of a Hong Kong English (HKE) seems to be a concept 1 that will be proved and recognized by degrees. However, there is an anxiety in Hong Kong that the standard of English has been likely to decline in the last few decades and this situation might become worse because of the change in language policy after the transfer of sovereignty.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 HONG KONG LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL -- 12 December 1990
    1 HONG KONG LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL -- 12 December 1990 HONG KONG LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL -- 12 December 1990 1 OFFICIAL REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS Wednesday, 12 December 1990 The Council met at half-past Two o'clock PRESENT HIS EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR (PRESIDENT) SIR DAVID CLIVE WILSON, K.C.M.G. THE CHIEF SECRETARY and THE FINANCIAL SECRETARY* THE HONOURABLE SIR PIERS JACOBS, K.B.E., J.P. THE ATTORNEY GENERAL THE HONOURABLE JEREMY FELL MATHEWS, C.M.G., J.P. THE HONOURABLE ALLEN LEE PENG-FEI, C.B.E., J.P. THE HONOURABLE STEPHEN CHEONG KAM-CHUEN, C.B.E., J.P. THE HONOURABLE CHEUNG YAN-LUNG, O.B.E., J.P. THE HONOURABLE MRS SELINA CHOW LIANG SHUK-YEE, O.B.E., J.P. THE HONOURABLE MARIA TAM WAI-CHU, C.B.E., J.P. DR THE HONOURABLE HENRIETTA IP MAN-HING, O.B.E., J.P. THE HONOURABLE CHAN YING-LUN, O.B.E., J.P. THE HONOURABLE MRS RITA FAN HSU LAI-TAI, O.B.E., J.P. THE HONOURABLE PETER POON WING-CHEUNG, O.B.E., J.P. THE HONOURABLE CHENG HON-KWAN, O.B.E., J.P. THE HONOURABLE CHUNG PUI-LAM, J.P. THE HONOURABLE HO SAI-CHU, O.B.E., J.P. THE HONOURABLE HUI YIN-FAT, O.B.E., J.P. THE HONOURABLE MARTIN LEE CHU-MING, Q.C., J.P. * The Financial Secretary doubled up as Chief Secretary THE HONOURABLE DAVID LI KWOK-PO, J.P. THE HONOURABLE NGAI SHIU-KIT, O.B.E., J.P. THE HONOURABLE PANG CHUN-HOI, M.B.E.
    [Show full text]
  • OFFICIAL RECORD of PROCEEDINGS Wednesday, 29
    HONG KONG LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL ― 29 June 1994 4689 OFFICIAL RECORD OF PROCEEDINGS Wednesday, 29 June 1994 The Council met at Nine o’clock PRESENT THE PRESIDENT THE HONOURABLE JOHN JOSEPH SWAINE, C.B.E., LL.D., Q.C., J.P. THE CHIEF SECRETARY THE HONOURABLE MRS ANSON CHAN, C.B.E., J.P. THE FINANCIAL SECRETARY THE HONOURABLE SIR NATHANIEL WILLIAM HAMISH MACLEOD, K.B.E., J.P. THE ATTORNEY GENERAL THE HONOURABLE JEREMY FELL MATHEWS, C.M.G., J.P. THE HONOURABLE ALLEN LEE PENG-FEI, C.B.E., J.P. THE HONOURABLE MRS SELINA CHOW LIANG SHUK-YEE, O.B.E., J.P. THE HONOURABLE HUI YIN-FAT, O.B.E., J.P. THE HONOURABLE MARTIN LEE CHU-MING, Q.C., J.P. DR THE HONOURABLE DAVID LI KWOK-PO, O.B.E., LL.D., J.P. THE HONOURABLE NGAI SHIU-KIT, O.B.E., J.P. THE HONOURABLE PANG CHUN-HOI, M.B.E. THE HONOURABLE SZETO WAH THE HONOURABLE TAM YIU-CHUNG THE HONOURABLE ANDREW WONG WANG-FAT, O.B.E., J.P. THE HONOURABLE LAU WONG-FAT, O.B.E., J.P. THE HONOURABLE EDWARD HO SING-TIN, O.B.E., J.P. THE HONOURABLE RONALD JOSEPH ARCULLI, O.B.E., J.P. 4690 HONG KONG LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL ― 29 June 1994 THE HONOURABLE MARTIN GILBERT BARROW, O.B.E., J.P. THE HONOURABLE MRS PEGGY LAM, O.B.E., J.P. THE HONOURABLE MRS MIRIAM LAU KIN-YEE, O.B.E., J.P. THE HONOURABLE LAU WAH-SUM, O.B.E., J.P. DR THE HONOURABLE LEONG CHE-HUNG, O.B.E., J.P.
    [Show full text]