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Best Packet Ever – Abrey/Ewald Term Definition Example/Drawing Best Packet Ever – Abrey/Ewald Term Definition Example/Drawing agglomeration agricultural village central business district (CBD) city commuter zone counterurbanization deindustrialization edge city favela first urban revolution formal economy gentrification ghetto hinterland infrastructure megacity new urbanism primate city range shantytown/squatter settlement suburbanization Sunbelt phenomenon urbanization urban morphology urban sprawl world city zone in transition (ZIT) zoning law MODELS Bid-rent theory Central Place theory (Christaller) Concentric Zone model (Burgess) Griffin-Ford model Multiple Nuclei model (Harris/Ullman) Rank-Size rule Sector model (Hoyt) Top 10 Cities in the Year 100 Population Top 10 Cities in the Year 1000 Population 1 Rome 450,000 1 Cordova, Spain 450,000 2 Luoyang (Honan), China 420,000 2 Kaifeng, China 400,000 3 Seleucia (on the Tigris), Iraq 250,000 3 Constantinople (Istanbul), Turkey 300,000 4 Alexandria, Egypt 250,000 4 Angkor, Cambodia 200,000 5 Antioch, Turkey 150,000 5 Kyoto, Japan 175,000 6 Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka 130,000 6 Cairo, Egypt 135,000 7 Peshawar, Pakistan 120,000 7 Baghdad, Iraq 125,000 8 Carthage, Tunisia 100,000 8 Nishapur (Neyshabur), Iran 125,000 9 Suzhou, China n/a 9 Al-Hasa, Saudi Arabia 110,000 10 Smyrna, Turkey 90,000 10 Patan (Anhilwara), India 100,000 Top 10 Cities of the Year 1500 Population Top 10 Cities of the Year 1800 Population 1 Beijing, China 672,000 1 Beijing, China 1,100,000 2 Vijayanagar, India 500,000 2 London, United Kingdom 861,000 3 Cairo, Egypt 400,000 3 Guangzhou, China 800,000 4 Hangzhou, China 250,000 4 Edo (Tokyo), Japan 685,000 5 Constantinople (Istanbul), Turkey 570,000 5 Tabriz, Iran 250,000 6 Paris, France 547,000 6 Constantinople (Istanbul), Turkey 200,000 7 Naples, Italy 430,000 7 Gaur, India 200,000 8 Hangzhou, China 387,000 8 Paris, France 185,000 9 Guangzhou, China 150,000 9 Osaka, Japan 383,000 10 Nanjing, China 147,000 10 Kyoto, Japan 377,000 Top 10 Cities of the Year 1900 Population Top 10 Cities of the Year 1950 Population 1 London, United Kingdom 6,480,000 1 New York, United States 12,463,000 2 New York, United States 4,242,000 2 London, United Kingdom 8,860,000 3 Paris, France 3,330,000 3 Tokyo, Japan 7,000,000 4 Berlin, Germany 2,707,000 4 Paris, France 5,900,000 5 Chicago, United States 1,717,000 5 Shanghai, China 5,406,000 6 Vienna, Austria 1,698,000 6 Moscow, Russia 5,100,000 7 Tokyo, Japan 1,497,000 7 Buenos Aires, Argentina 5,000,000 8 St. Petersburg, Russia 1,439,000 8 Chicago, United States 4,906,000 9 Manchester, United Kingdom 1,435,000 9 Ruhr, Germany 4,900,000 10 Philadelphia, United States 1,418,000 10 Kolkata, India 4,800,000 Top Ten Cities Mapping Activity – Abrey/Ewald Name:_____________________________ Answer the questions below based on the chart above. 1. What trends do you see in the growth of cities over time? How do the locations of the world’s most populous cities change by Continent? How has the geographic focus of city development changed over the years? 2. Choose two cities that drop off the list at some point and tell why you think it dropped off the list? 3. For each era, describe the general historical situation at the time. How does that historical situation help determine which cities and regions rise to prominence? What drives city growth in each period? 100: 1000: 1500: 1800: 1900: 1950: 4. What were some of the changes in the ways cities functioned and felt after the industrial revolution? How do you think the cities of the industrial revolution set precedence for the cities we see today? ● URBANIZATION (All page numbers are for 11th edition) 1. Define urbanization and identify its two dimensions (p 454)…. (a) definition: (b) dimensions (i) (ii) 2. Describe what is happening in MDCs and LDCs as far as the percentage of urban dwellers is concerned. MDC’s LDC’s 3. List the largest cities in MDCs and LDCs as defined by the US Bureau of the Census and the United Nations 4. How does the growth of urban areas in LDCs represent a reversal of the trend in urban growth historically? ● DEFINING URBAN SETTLEMENTS (p 454) During the 1930's, Louis Wirth argued that people living in urban areas led a different kind of life than people in rural areas. He believed that human sociology was affected by three characteristics of urban areas. These are listed in the table below in the left column. Complete the table with a description of the sociological effect he believed each condition had upon people in cities. Large Size High Density Social Heterogeneity Physical Definitions of Urban Settlements 5. What are three characteristics of a “city” as it is defined legally? (p476) a. b. c. 6. What does MSA stand for? (p477) 7. What are the characteristics of an MSA? 8. Regarding micropolitan areas… a. what is their size? b. what were these cities classified as previously? c. how many, and where, are they in the US? 9. What is the meaning of the term megalopolis? (and what was the original example?) 10. Sketch/shade in the three major American megalopoli (as described in the text, p. 478) on the map below. NOTE: Label the major cities in each. 11. Identify two European megalopolis (regional name and major cities) A. B. 12. Identify an Asian megalopolis (country and major cities) ● THREE MODELS OF URBAN STRUCTURE 13. Read the first section of this key issue and for each of the three models, annotate the diagrams below and do the following (p 466): 1) Identify the model by name 2) Name the geographer(s) who devised the model by name 3) Identify and label the key parts of the model 4) “Bullet” in other important characteristics and/or features of the model 14a. What are census tracts? 14b. What types of data are reported by the US Census Bureau regarding the population of each census tract? 15. What is social area analysis? ● USE OF THE MODELS OUTSIDE NORTH AMERICA 16. In European cities, the wealthy tend to live in the inner-ring of cities and in a spine extending out from it. (a) What are the advantages of the southwestern extending spine of Paris? (b) What are the advantages of living in the inner-ring, near the city center? 17. List three points about the conditions of European suburbs, where the poor live. (a) (b) (c) 18. In LDC’s, Cities in Africa, Asia, and Latin America resemble European cities in their structure. Why? (p 474) 19. Colonial cities often contained a new “European sector” to the side of the pre-colonial city. Contrast their various elements in the table below. 20. What are the causes of squatter settlements? 21. Describe services and amenities in a typical squatter settlement. 22. List the different names and locations for various squatter settlements throughout the world. ● INNER CITY PHYSICAL PROBLEMS (p 490) 23. What is the major problem faced by inner-city residents? 243a. Describe the inner-city process known as filtering. 24b. What is the ultimate result of this process? 25. What is redlining and its result? 26. What is urban renewal? 27. Why has urban renewal been criticized? 28a. Define gentrification: 28b. Why are middle class family attracted to deteriorated inner-city neighborhoods? 28c. Why has gentrification been criticized? ● INNER-CITY SOCIAL PROBLEMS 29. List and briefly describe three specific social problems of inner-city residents. A. B. C. ● INNER CITY ECONOMIC PROBLEMS 30. What financial crisis does the high proportion of low-income residents in the inner city create? 31. What two choices does a city have to solve this problem? Which have most chosen? 32. Regarding ANNEXATION (p480): (a) What is annexation? (b) What is required before an area can be annexed by a city? (c) In the past, why did peripheral areas desire annexation? (d) What has changed? ● THE PERIPHERAL MODEL 33. List the elements of an urban area according to the peripheral model (p 476). 34. Describe the formation of an EDGE CITY in the flowchart below. 35. Describe the density gradient of an urban area (p 480). 36. How has the density gradient changed in recent years? (2 ways.) (a) (b) 37. Define sprawl: 38. In what two ways are suburban areas “segregated”? a. b. 39. What is a zoning ordinance? (p 465) ● LOCAL GOVERNMENT FRAGMENTATION (p 479) 40. What is the basic problem caused by the multiplicity of governments in US urban areas? 41. Briefly not how each of the following forms of local government attempts to solve this problem? A. council of government B. federations C. consolidations 42. What is smart growth? 43. Describe how “smart growth” laws have been designed in the following states. Oregon/Tennessee New Jersey/Rhode Island/Washington Maryland Article Review – Abrey/Ewald Using the four articles below, in the space provide, briefly explain the main idea of the article and select four vocab words related to Human Geography and define them. Finally Rank the articles from 1(most interesting) to 4 (least interesting) and why. Edge City From Matt Rosenberg, Identified by Joel Garreau in 1991 There were a hundred thousand shapes and substances of incompleteness, wildly mingled out of their places, upside down, burrowing in the earth, aspiring in the earth, moldering in the water, and unintelligible as in any dream. - Charles Dickens on London in 1848; Garreau calls this quote the "best one-sentence description of Edge City extant." They're called suburban business districts, major diversified centers, suburban cores, minicities, suburban activity centers, cities of realms, galactic cities, urban subcenters, pepperoni-pizza cities, superburbia, technoburbs, nucleations, disurbs, service cities, perimeter cities, peripheral centers, urban villages, and suburban downtowns but the name that's now most commonly used for places that the foregoing terms describe is "edge cities." The term "edge cities" was coined by Washington Post journalist and author Joel Garreau in his 1991 book Edge City: Life on the New Frontier.
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