MS 01-13.Pdf

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

MS 01-13.Pdf Unltod St¡toc DopaÉmcnt o,f Agrlcullurc ONRCS Natural Resources Conservation Service National Soil Survey Center Federal Building, Room 152 100 Centennial Mall North Phone: (402) 437-549e Lincoln. NE 68508-3866 FAX: (402) 437-5336 SUBJECT: MGT - Trip Report - Geophysical Training and April12,2013 Field Assistance TO: Homer L. Wilkes File Code: 330-20-7 State Conservationist, NRCS Jackson, Mississippi Purpose: To provide training and technical assistance in the use of electromagnetic induction (EMI) and ground-penetrating radar (GPR) in Yazoo County, Mississippi, while assessing soil properties and cultural resources at a registered historical archaeological site (Lake GeorgeÆIolly Bluff Site - 22Y2557). Participants: David Clay, Engineer (Retired), NRCS, Wilkesboro, NC James Curtis, Assistant State Soil Scientist, NRCS, Jackson, MS Rachel Stout-Evans, MLRA Project Leader, NRCS, Metcalfe, MS Cliff Jenkins, Cultural Resources Specialist, NRCS, Jackson, MS Delaney Johnson, State Soil Scientist, NRCS, Jackson, MS Wes Tuttle, Soil Scientist (Geophysical), NRCS, NSSC, Wilkesboro, NC Richard Vaught, MLRA Project Leader, NRCS, Glenwood, AR Activities: All field and office activities were completed on January 25-28,2013. Summary: 1. All participants were given the opportunity to operate, complete field surveys, and evaluate the use of the EM38 meter for soil survey investigations. 2. Electromagnetic induction (EMI) techniques can be used beneficially in the Mississippi Delta Region to show changes in soil physical properties across the landscapes, as demonstrated at the archaeological site (Lake George/flolly Bluff Site -22Y2557). The tools worked very well in predicting textural changes across the survey area. Higher apparent conductivity was associated with increased clay and moisture in the soil profile. Soil borings in areas of higher apparent conductivity revealed an increase in clay and moisture. Areas with dominantly coarser soil textures were associated with lower apparent conductivity. The soils stafß in MO 6 and MO 7 are planning on utilizing the Geonics EM38 meter to further evaluate soil map units and changes in soil properties. Additional training will be provided by the NSSC staff as requested. Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) training was provided to Richard Vaught, MLRA Project Leader, NRCS, Glenwood, Arkansas. GPR surveys were conducted at the site to assess the tool's effectiveness in soils dominated by silt and clay. High GPR signal attenuation rates were observed in radar Helping People Help the Land An Eqsal Opportunlty Provldor end Employor V/ilkes, Page2 records collected at the site and the effective depth of observation was severely restricted. The use of EMI techniques was a better choice for making interpretations at the site. 4. In areas not influenced by episodes of mound building and soil movement during earlier inhabitation at the site (minimally disturbed soils), the observed EM38 spatial conductivity patterns were thought to be associated with the orientation of natural "ridge and swale" landform patterns associated with the major river systems in the area. The directional orientation of the spatial patterns was observed in the USDA, NRCS V/eb Soil Survey and aerial photos of the area and closely fit the "ridge and swale" landform patterns. It was a pleasure for Wes Tuttle to work again in Mississippi with members of your fine staff. il/Ltn,t ¿/t/16, b¡.vn R. HoovER Acting Director National Soil Survey Center Attachment (Technical Report) cc: Ellis C. Benham, Research Soil Scientist, Soil Survey Research & Laboratory, NSSC, MS 41, NRCS, Lincoln, NE Reed W. Cripps, Acting State Soil Scientist, NRCS, Little Rock, AR James L. Curtis, Assistant State Soil Scientist, NRCS, Jackson, MS James A. Doolittle, Research Soil Scientist, Soil Survey Research & Laboratory, NSSC, NRCS, Newtown Square, PA Rachel M. Stout-Evans, MLRA Project Leader, NRCS, Metcalfe, MS James C. Jenkins, Cul¡¡ral Resources Specialist, NRCS, Jackson, MS Delaney Johnson, State Soil Scientist, NRCS, Jackson, MS David Kingsbury, Soil Survey Regional Director, NRCS, Morgantown, WV Charles Love, Soil Survey Regional Director, NRCS, Auburn, AL John W. Tuttle, Soil Scientist, Soil Survey Research & Laboratory, NSSC, NRCS, Wilkesboro, NC Richard L. Vaught, MLRA Project Leader, NRCS, Glenwood, AR LarryT. West, National Leader, Soil Survey Research & Laboratory, NSSC, MS 41, NRCS, Lincoln, NE Linda A. Kruger. Secretary, Soil Survey Research & Laboratory, NSSC, MS 41, NRCS, Lincoln, NE Electromagnetic Induction Assistance and Training Technical Report Yazoo County, MS Wes Tuttle January 25-28,2013 Purpose: To provide training and technical assistance in the use of electromagnetic induction (EMI) and ground-penetrating radar (GPR) inYazoo County, MS, while assessing soil properties and cultural resources at a registered historical archaeological site (Lake GeorgeÆIolly Bluff Site - 22Y2557). It is hoped that in addition to training that geophysical methods can provide additional insight and a better assessment of earlier inhabitation by Native Americans at the site. Equipment: Geonics Limited manufactures the EM38 meter. This meter is portable and requires only one person to operate. No ground contact is required with this meter. McNeill (1980) and Geonics Limited (1998) have described principles of operation for the EM38 meter. Lateral resolution is approximately equal to its intercoil spacing. The EM38 meter has a 1 m intercoil spacing and operates at a frequency of 14,600 Hz. When placed on the soil surface, this instrument has a theoretical penetration depth of about 0.75 and 1.5 m in the horizontal and vertical dipole orientations, respectively (Geonics Limited, 1998). Values of apparent conductivity are expressed in millisiemens per meter (mS/m). An Allegro field computer was used in combination with the EM 38 meter to record and store EMI data. The field computer is keypad operated and measurements can either be automatically or manually triggered. EMI data was geo-referenced with a Trimble AG-l l4 GPS receiver and a GM-210 GPS receiver manufactured by HOLUX Technology, lnc. To help summarize the results of this study, the SURFER for Windows (version 8.0) developed by Golden Software, lnc., was used to construct two-dimensional simulations. Grids were created using kriging methods with an octant search. The radar unit is the TerraSlRch SIR (Subsurface lnterface Radar) System-3000, manufactured by Geophysical Survey Systems, lnc.' Morey (1974), Doolittle (1987), and Daniels (1996) have discussed the use and operation of GPR. The SIR System-3000 consists of a digital control unit (DC-3000) with keypad, color SVGA video screen, and connector panel. A 10.8-volt Lithium-ion rechargeable battery powers the system. This unit is bacþack portable and, with an antenna, requires two people to operate. The antenna used in this study has a center frequency of 200 MHz. A Garmin GPS Map 76 receiver (with a CSI Radio Beacon receiver, antenna, and accessories that are fitted to a bacþack) was used in combination with the SIR-3000 radar unit to collect radar records. The RADAN for Windows (version 6.6, version 7.0) software.program was used by the NRCS staff to process the radar records (Geophysical Survey Systems, Inc,).' Processing typically includes color transformation, marker editing, surface normalization, time-zero adjustment and range gain adjustments. Electromagnetic Induction: Electromagnetic induction is a noninvasive geophysical tool that can be used for soil and site investigations. Advantages of EMI are its portability, speed of operation, flexible observation depths, and moderate resolution of subsurface features. Results of EMI surveys are interpretable in the field. This I Manufacturer's names are provided for specific information; use does not constitute endorsement. geophysical method can provide in a relatively short time the large number of observations that are needed to comprehensively cover sites. Maps prepared from correctly interpreted EMI data provide the basis for assessing site conditions, planning further investigations, and locating sampling or monitoring sites. Electromagnetic induction uses electromagnetic energy to measure the apparent conductivity of earthen materials. Apparent conductivity is a weighted, average conductivity measurement for a column of earthen materials to a specific depth (Greenhouse and Slaine, 1983). Variations in apparent conductivity are caused by changes in the electrical conductivity of earthen materials. The electrical conductivity of soils is influenced by the type and concentration of ions in solution, volumetric water content, temperature and phase of the soil water, and amount and type of clays in the soil matrix (McNeill, 1980). The apparent conductivity of soils increases with increases in soluble salts, water, and clay contents (Kachanoski et al., 1988; Rhoades et a1.,1976\. Electromagnetic induction measures vertical and lateral variations in apparent electrical conductivity. Values of apparent conductivity are seldom diagnostic in themselves. However, relative values and lateral and vertical variations in apparent conductivity can be used to infer changes in soils and soil properties. lnterpretations are based on the identification of spatial pattems within data sets. To assist interpretations, computer simulations of EMI data are normally used. To verify interpretations, ground-truth measurements are required. Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR) : Ground-penetrating radar is a time scaled system.
Recommended publications
  • 2016 Athens, Georgia
    SOUTHEASTERN ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS & ABSTRACTS OF THE 73RD ANNUAL MEETING OCTOBER 26-29, 2016 ATHENS, GEORGIA BULLETIN 59 2016 BULLETIN 59 2016 PROCEEDINGS & ABSTRACTS OF THE 73RD ANNUAL MEETING OCTOBER 26-29, 2016 THE CLASSIC CENTER ATHENS, GEORGIA Meeting Organizer: Edited by: Hosted by: Cover: © Southeastern Archaeological Conference 2016 TABLE OF CONTENTS THE CLASSIC CENTER FLOOR PLAN……………………………………………………...……………………..…... PREFACE AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS…………………………………………………………………….…..……. LIST OF DONORS……………………………………………………………………………………………….…..……. SPECIAL THANKS………………………………………………………………………………………….….....……….. SEAC AT A GLANCE……………………………………………………………………………………….……….....…. GENERAL INFORMATION & SPECIAL EVENTS SCHEDULE…………………….……………………..…………... PROGRAM WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 26…………………………………………………………………………..……. THURSDAY, OCTOBER 27……………………………………………………………………………...…...13 FRIDAY, OCTOBER 28TH……………………………………………………………….……………....…..21 SATURDAY, OCTOBER 29TH…………………………………………………………….…………....…...28 STUDENT PAPER COMPETITION ENTRIES…………………………………………………………………..………. ABSTRACTS OF SYMPOSIA AND PANELS……………………………………………………………..…………….. ABSTRACTS OF WORKSHOPS…………………………………………………………………………...…………….. ABSTRACTS OF SEAC STUDENT AFFAIRS LUNCHEON……………………………………………..…..……….. SEAC LIFETIME ACHIEVEMENT AWARDS FOR 2016…………………….……………….…….…………………. Southeastern Archaeological Conference Bulletin 59, 2016 ConferenceRooms CLASSIC CENTERFLOOR PLAN 6 73rd Annual Meeting, Athens, Georgia EVENT LOCATIONS Baldwin Hall Baldwin Hall 7 Southeastern Archaeological Conference Bulletin
    [Show full text]
  • Conserving Skeletal Material in Eroding Shorelines, Currituck
    WEAPEMEOC SHORES: THE LOSS OF TRADITIONAL MARITIME CULTURE AMONG THE WEAPEMEOC INDIANS by Whitney R. Petrey April, 2014 Director of Thesis: Larry Tise, PhD Major Department: Maritime Studies The Weapemeoc were an Indian group of the Late Woodland Period through the Early Colonial Period (1400 A.D.-1780 A.D.) that went through significant cultural change as they were displaced from their traditional maritime subsistence resources. The Weapemeoc were located in what is today northeastern North Carolina. Their permanent villages were located along the northern shore of Albemarle Sound, with seasonal and temporary villages on the outer banks and upriver on the several tributaries that drain to the Albemarle Sound. Weapemeoc access to maritime resources would be altered significantly by European colonization and settlement in the area. The loss of maritime subsistence, maritime communication and maritime mentality resulted in the loss of the traditional culture of the Weapemeoc Indians and their seeming disappearance as a distinct group of people. Early historical records and maps illustrate the acculturation of the Weapemeoc and the loss of traditional maritime culture. As land was sold to settlers in prime areas along rivers and along the shore of the Albemarle Sound, Weapemeoc were displaced from their seasonal procurement sites and seasonal permanent villages. By 1704, a reservation was established by the colonial government for the Weapemeoc along Indiantown Creek. By 1780, the Weapemeoc lived in such a similar fashion as their neighbors of European descent that they are no longer distinguishable in the archaeological or historical record. WEAPEMEOC SHORES: THE LOSS OF TRADITIONAL MARITIME CULTURE AMONG THE WEAPEMEOC INDIANS A Thesis Presented To the Faculty of the Department of History East Carolina University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Master of Arts In Maritime Studies by Whitney R.
    [Show full text]
  • North Carolina Listings in the National Register of Historic Places As of 9/30/2015 Alphabetical by County
    North Carolina State Historic Preservation Office http://www.hpo.ncdcr.gov North Carolina Listings in the National Register of Historic Places as of 9/30/2015 Alphabetical by county. Listings with an http:// address have an online PDF of the nomination. Click address to view the PDF. Text is searchable in all PDFs insofar as possible with scans made from old photocopies. Multiple Property Documentation Form PDFs are now available at http://www.hpo.ncdcr.gov/MPDF-PDFs.pdf Date shown is date listed in the National Register. Alamance County Alamance Battleground State Historic Site (Alamance vicinity) 2/26/1970 http://www.hpo.ncdcr.gov/nr/AM0001.pdf Alamance County Courthouse (Graham ) 5/10/1979 http://www.hpo.ncdcr.gov/nr/AM0008.pdf Alamance Hotel (Burlington ) 5/31/1984 http://www.hpo.ncdcr.gov/nr/AM0613.pdf Alamance Mill Village Historic District (Alamance ) 8/16/2007 http://www.hpo.ncdcr.gov/nr/AM0537.pdf Allen House (Alamance vicinity) 2/26/1970 http://www.hpo.ncdcr.gov/nr/AM0002.pdf Altamahaw Mill Office (Altamahaw ) 11/20/1984 http://www.hpo.ncdcr.gov/nr/AM0486.pdf (former) Atlantic Bank and Trust Company Building (Burlington ) 5/31/1984 http://www.hpo.ncdcr.gov/nr/AM0630.pdf Bellemont Mill Village Historic District (Bellemont ) 7/1/1987 http://www.hpo.ncdcr.gov/nr/AM0040.pdf Beverly Hills Historic District (Burlington ) 8/5/2009 http://www.hpo.ncdcr.gov/nr/AM0694.pdf Hiram Braxton House (Snow Camp vicinity) 11/22/1993 http://www.hpo.ncdcr.gov/nr/AM0058.pdf Charles F. and Howard Cates Farm (Mebane vicinity) 9/24/2001 http://www.hpo.ncdcr.gov/nr/AM0326.pdf
    [Show full text]
  • Economic Profile of the Lower Mississippi River: an Update
    The Economic Profile of the Lower Mississippi River: An Update Final Report| February 2014 prepared for: Lower Mississippi River Conservation Committee prepared by: Industrial Economics, Incorporated 2067 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02140 and Dominika Dziegielewska-Parry PhD, Environmental Economics Jackson, Mississippi February 13, 2014 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Purpose 1-1 LMR Study Area 1-1 Methodology and Data Sources 1-7 Report Structure 1-9 CHAPTER 2 COMMERCIAL HARVEST OF NATURAL RESOURCES Forestry 2-1 Timber Harvest 2-4 Non-Timber Forest Products 2-7 Marine Commercial Fishing 2-8 Freshwater Commercial Fishing 2-12 Alligator Hunting 2-12 Trapping 2-13 Data Sources and Methodology 2-13 CHAPTER 3 OUTDOOR RECREATION Protected Lands in the LMR Corridor 3-1 Outdoor Recreation Activities in the LMR 3-4 Outdoor Recreation Expenditures and Employment in the LMR 3-10 Data Sources and Methodology 3-15 CHAPTER 4 TOURISM Expenditures and Employment 4-1 Tourist Destinations 4-4 New Orleans, Louisiana 4-4 The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill Impact on Tourism in the LMR 4-6 Memphis, Tennessee 4-7 Gaming Industry in the LMR 4-7 Riverboat Cruises and Tours 4-8 National Historic Landmarks in the LMR 4-9 Data Sources and Methodology 4-9 February 13, 2014 CHAPTER 5 WATER SUPPLY Overview of Water Supply and Water Users 5-1 Public Surface Water Supply Systems 5-5 Self-Supplied Surface Water 5-5 Revenues and Employment in the Water Supply Sector 5-6 Data Sources and Methodology 5-8 CHAPTER 6 AGRICULTURE LMR Farmland,
    [Show full text]
  • SEAC Bulletin 59.Pdf
    73rd Annual Meeting, Athens, Georgia SOUTHEASTERN ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS & ABSTRACTS OF THE 73RD ANNUAL MEETING OCTOBER 26-29, 2016 BULLETIN 59 2016 Southeastern Archaeological Conference Bulletin 59, 2016 2 BULLETIN 59 2016 PROCEEDINGS & ABSTRACTS OF THE 73RD ANNUAL MEETING OCTOBER 26-29, 2016 THE CLASSIC CENTER ATHENS, GEORGIA Organized, hosted, and edited by: The SEAC Athens 2016 Organizing Committee Cover: Map of Athens, 1874. Image courteously provided by the Athens Historical Society © Southeastern Archaeological Conference 2016 TABLE OF CONTENTS THE CLASSIC CENTER FLOOR PLAN ························································································· 6 EVENT LOCATIONS ················································································································ 8 SEAC AT A GLANCE ··············································································································· 9 PREFACE AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ····················································································· 10 LIST OF DONORS ··················································································································· 12 GENERAL INFORMATION ········································································································ 13 SPECIAL EVENTS SCHEDULE ··································································································· 14 PROGRAM Thursday, October 27th ································································································
    [Show full text]
  • The Lower Mississippi Valley As a Language Area
    The Lower Mississippi Valley as a Language Area By David V. Kaufman Submitted to the graduate degree program in Anthropology and the Graduate Faculty of the University of Kansas in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. ________________________________ Chairperson, Carlos M Nash ________________________________ Bartholomew Dean ________________________________ Clifton Pye ________________________________ Harold Torrence ________________________________ Andrew McKenzie Date Defended: May 30, 2014 ii The Dissertation Committee for David V. Kaufman certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: The Lower Mississippi Valley as a Language Area ________________________________ Chairperson Carlos M Nash Date approved: June 9, 2014 iii Abstract It has been hypothesized that the Southeastern U.S. is a language area, or Sprachbund. However, there has been little systematic examination of the supposed features of this area. The current analysis focuses on a smaller portion of the Southeast, specifically, the Lower Mississippi Valley (LMV), and provides a systematic analysis, including the eight languages that occur in what I define as the LMV: Atakapa, Biloxi, Chitimacha, Choctaw-Chickasaw, Mobilian Trade Language (MTL), Natchez, Ofo, and Tunica. This study examines phonetic, phonological, and morphological features and ranks them according to universality and geographic extent, and lexical and semantic borrowings to assess the degree of linguistic and cultural contact. The results
    [Show full text]
  • North Carolina Listings in the National Register of Historic Places As of 5/7/2020 Alphabetical by County
    North Carolina State Historic Preservation Office http://www.hpo.ncdcr.gov North Carolina Listings in the National Register of Historic Places as of 5/7/2020 Alphabetical by county. Listings with an http:// address have an online PDF of the nomination. Click address to view the PDF. Text is searchable in all PDFs insofar as possible with scans made from old photocopies. Multiple Property Documentation Form PDFs are now available at http://www.hpo.ncdcr.gov/MPDF-PDFs.pdf Date shown is date listed in the National Register. Alamance County Alamance Battleground State Historic Site (Alamance vicinity) 2/26/1970 https://files.nc.gov/ncdcr/nr/AM0001.pdf Old Alamance County Courthouse (Graham ) 5/10/1979 https://files.nc.gov/ncdcr/nr/AM0008.pdf Alamance Hotel (Burlington ) 5/31/1984 https://files.nc.gov/ncdcr/nr/AM0613.pdf Alamance Mill Village Historic District (Alamance ) 8/16/2007 https://files.nc.gov/ncdcr/nr/AM0537.pdf Allen House (Alamance vicinity) 2/26/1970 https://files.nc.gov/ncdcr/nr/AM0002.pdf Altamahaw Mill Office (Altamahaw ) 11/20/1984 https://files.nc.gov/ncdcr/nr/AM0486.pdf (former) Atlantic Bank and Trust Company Building (Burlington ) 5/31/1984 https://files.nc.gov/ncdcr/nr/AM0630.pdf Bellemont Mill Village Historic District (Bellemont ) 7/1/1987 https://files.nc.gov/ncdcr/nr/AM0040.pdf Beverly Hills Historic District (Burlington ) 8/5/2009 https://files.nc.gov/ncdcr/nr/AM0694.pdf Hiram Braxton House (Snow Camp vicinity) 11/22/1993 https://files.nc.gov/ncdcr/nr/AM0058.pdf Charles F. and Howard Cates Farm (Mebane vicinity)
    [Show full text]
  • FEDERAL REGISTER VOLUME 34 • NUMBER37 Tuesday, February 25, 1969 • Washington, D.C
    FEDERAL REGISTER VOLUME 34 • NUMBER37 Tuesday, February 25, 1969 • Washington, D.C. Pages 2531-2596 PARTI (Part II begins on page 2579) Agencies in this issue— The President Advisory Council on Historic Preservation Atomic Energy Commission Business and Defense Services Administration Civil Aeronautics Board Coast Guard Consumer and Marketing Service Customs Bureau Emergency Preparedness Office Federal Aviation Administration Federal Highway Administration Federal Home Loan Bank Board Federal Maritime Commission Federal Power Commission Federal Trade Comm ission Fish and Wildlife Service Interstate Commerce Commission Land Management Bureau National Park Service Securities and Exchange Com m ission Small Business Administration Tennessee Valley Authority Detailed list of Contents appears inside. ... y No. 37—Pt. I-----1 Announcing First 10-Year Cumulation TABLES OF LAWS AFFECTED in Volumes 70-79 of the UNITED STATES STATUTES AT LARGE Lists all prior laws and other Federal in­ public laws enacted during the years 1956- struments which were amended, repealed, 1965. Includes index of popular name or otherwise affected by the provisions of acts affected in Volumes 70-79. Price: $2.50 Compiled by Office of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration / '. : ' ; ' - ' "" ■ . Order from Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 Published daily, Tuesday through Saturday (no publication on Sundays, Mondays, or on the day after an official Federal holiday), by the Office of the Federal Register, National FEDERAL®REGISTER Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration (mail address National Area Code 202 Phone 962-8626 Archives Building, Washington, D.C. 20408), pursuant to the authority contained in the Federal Register Act,'approved July 26, 1935 (49 Stat.
    [Show full text]
  • Illustrations. GM
    DOCUMENT RESUME 740 ED 056 814 RC (..0 kUTHOR Tatum, W. Hugh; And Others TITLE Mississippi Statewide ComprehensiveOutdoor Recreation Plan. INSTITUTION Mississippi Research and DevelopmentCenter, Jackson. SPONS AGENCY Department of the Interior,Washington, D.C. Bureau of Outdoor Recreation.;Mississippi State Park System, Jackson. PUB DATE Dec 69 NOTE 205p. EDRS PRICE MF-$0.65 HC-$9.87 DESCRIPTORS Demography; Land Use; *NaturalResources; *Recreation; *RecreationalFacilities; *Rural Development; State RecreationLegislation; *Statewide Planning; Water Resources IDENTIFIERS Mississippi ABSTRACT Objectives of the officialcomprehensive outdoor recreation plan for the State ofMississippi are (1)to guide recreaticnal development in Mississippiin an orderly fashion ')11 a statewide level;(2) to survey public,semipublic, commercial, and private outdoor recreationalopportunities;(3) to determine recreational needs for meeting presentand future demand;(4) to develop minimum standards forrecreational development; and (5) to develop a 5-yeav action program foracquisition and development of lands and waters. The plan hasencompassed (1) examination of planning objectives, legal anthorityto participate in theLand and Water Conservation Fund Program,participation in the planning process, and coordinationwith related plans and programsand (2) description of state delineationof recreational responsibilitiesand special probleNs. Demand, supply,needs, and the program implementation are the primary elementsof the plan ant in detailed description withillustrations. GM kl 1 14 Ccfz Iv()W 0)11.1Jzo1J(::0N.21L-J410-\ 11°%140 0(11, 1,1p041' ;10 w,Z 11,'Ik9rf/'°1;;1,;;;;,4 114.i ,111 ;I /it11AI )14'1111°'it ,;y11::,11.40111,1;6tilpI 1'1 ,7, I ,''0",I.II 4,4,4, 14,4 16r'ito,&, , ,e1,1 110,10 ' 4i,l'Ort r ' krol PP Ki.
    [Show full text]
  • An Archeological Investigation of the Cultural Resources of Callawassie Island, Beaufort County, South Carolina James L
    University of South Carolina Scholar Commons Archaeology and Anthropology, South Carolina Research Manuscript Series Institute of 1-1982 An Archeological Investigation of the Cultural Resources of Callawassie Island, Beaufort County, South Carolina James L. Michie Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/archanth_books Part of the Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Michie, James L., "An Archeological Investigation of the Cultural Resources of Callawassie Island, Beaufort County, South Carolina" (1982). Research Manuscript Series. 168. https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/archanth_books/168 This Book is brought to you by the Archaeology and Anthropology, South Carolina Institute of at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Research Manuscript Series by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. An Archeological Investigation of the Cultural Resources of Callawassie Island, Beaufort County, South Carolina Keywords Excavations, Callawassie Island, Beaufort County, South Carolina, Archeology Disciplines Anthropology Publisher The outhS Carolina Institute of Archeology and Anthropology--University of South Carolina Comments In USC online Library catalog at: http://www.sc.edu/library/ This book is available at Scholar Commons: https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/archanth_books/168 AN ARCHEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE CULTURAL RESOURCES OF CALLAWASSIE ISLAND" BEAUFORT COUNTY" SOUTH CAROLINA By James L. Michie Research Manuscript Series 176 The University of South Carolina offers equal opportunity in its employment, admissions and educational activities, in accordance with Title Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 and other civil rights laws, Prepared the INSTITUTE OF ARCHEOLOGY AND ~~THROPOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA January, 1982 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page TABLE OF CONTENTS.
    [Show full text]
  • SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION the Eastern Cherokees
    SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 133 Anthropological Papers, No. 23 The Eastern Cherokees By WILLIAM HARLEN GILBERT, Jr. 169 1 CONTENTS PAGE Preface 175 Introduction 177 Description of the present society 177 The environmental frame 177 General factors 177 Location 178 Climatic factors 182 Inorganic elements 183 Flora and fauna 184 Ecology of the Cherokees 186 The somatic basis 193 History of our knowledge of Cherokee somatology 193 Blood admixture 194 Present-day physical type 195 Censuses of numbers and pedigrees 197 Cultural backgrounds 198 Southeastern traits 198 Cultural approach 199 Present-day Qualla 201 Social units 20 The town 201 The household 202 The clan 203 Economic units 209 Political units 215 The kinship system 216 Principal terms used 216 Morgan's System 227 Kinship distinctions 227 Lineages 235 Preferential mating 238 Familiarity and respect 245 Kinship behavior of pairs 249 General social features 254 Birth and childhood 254 Marriage and adulthood 255 Sickness and death 256 The dance 257 Specific dances 259 The ball game 268 Other games 269 Integration of the present society 272 The functions of the present-day traits 272 Functioning of the family. 272 Functioning of the clan 278 Functioning of the dances - 281 Functions of the kinship usages 281 Social sanctions 284 Magical formulas or prayers - -- 286 171 1 172 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 133 Integration of the present society—Continued. The functions of the present-day traits—Continued. page Functions of the formulas 287 Love
    [Show full text]
  • National Historic Landmarks Program
    NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARKS PROGRAM LIST OF NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARKS BY STATE July 2015 GEORGE WASHINGTOM MASONIC NATIONAL MEMORIAL, ALEXANDRIA, VIRGINIA (NHL, JULY 21, 2015) U. S. Department of the Interior NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARKS PROGRAM NATIONAL PARK SERVICE LISTING OF NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARKS BY STATE ALABAMA (38) ALABAMA (USS) (Battleship) ......................................................................................................................... 01/14/86 MOBILE, MOBILE COUNTY, ALABAMA APALACHICOLA FORT SITE ........................................................................................................................ 07/19/64 RUSSELL COUNTY, ALABAMA BARTON HALL ............................................................................................................................................... 11/07/73 COLBERT COUNTY, ALABAMA BETHEL BAPTIST CHURCH, PARSONAGE, AND GUARD HOUSE .......................................................... 04/05/05 BIRMINGHAM, JEFFERSON COUNTY, ALABAMA BOTTLE CREEK SITE UPDATED DOCUMENTATION 04/05/05 ...................................................................... 04/19/94 BALDWIN COUNTY, ALABAMA BROWN CHAPEL A.M.E. CHURCH .............................................................................................................. 12/09/97 SELMA, DALLAS COUNTY, ALABAMA CITY HALL ...................................................................................................................................................... 11/07/73 MOBILE, MOBILE COUNTY,
    [Show full text]