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Cherokee Ethnogenesis in Southwestern North Carolina
The following chapter is from: The Archaeology of North Carolina: Three Archaeological Symposia Charles R. Ewen – Co-Editor Thomas R. Whyte – Co-Editor R. P. Stephen Davis, Jr. – Co-Editor North Carolina Archaeological Council Publication Number 30 2011 Available online at: http://www.rla.unc.edu/NCAC/Publications/NCAC30/index.html CHEROKEE ETHNOGENESIS IN SOUTHWESTERN NORTH CAROLINA Christopher B. Rodning Dozens of Cherokee towns dotted the river valleys of the Appalachian Summit province in southwestern North Carolina during the eighteenth century (Figure 16-1; Dickens 1967, 1978, 1979; Perdue 1998; Persico 1979; Shumate et al. 2005; Smith 1979). What developments led to the formation of these Cherokee towns? Of course, native people had been living in the Appalachian Summit for thousands of years, through the Paleoindian, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippi periods (Dickens 1976; Keel 1976; Purrington 1983; Ward and Davis 1999). What are the archaeological correlates of Cherokee culture, when are they visible archaeologically, and what can archaeology contribute to knowledge of the origins and development of Cherokee culture in southwestern North Carolina? Archaeologists, myself included, have often focused on the characteristics of pottery and other artifacts as clues about the development of Cherokee culture, which is a valid approach, but not the only approach (Dickens 1978, 1979, 1986; Hally 1986; Riggs and Rodning 2002; Rodning 2008; Schroedl 1986a; Wilson and Rodning 2002). In this paper (see also Rodning 2009a, 2010a, 2011b), I focus on the development of Cherokee towns and townhouses. Given the significance of towns and town affiliations to Cherokee identity and landscape during the 1700s (Boulware 2011; Chambers 2010; Smith 1979), I suggest that tracing the development of towns and townhouses helps us understand Cherokee ethnogenesis, more generally. -
A Many-Storied Place
A Many-storied Place Historic Resource Study Arkansas Post National Memorial, Arkansas Theodore Catton Principal Investigator Midwest Region National Park Service Omaha, Nebraska 2017 A Many-Storied Place Historic Resource Study Arkansas Post National Memorial, Arkansas Theodore Catton Principal Investigator 2017 Recommended: {){ Superintendent, Arkansas Post AihV'j Concurred: Associate Regional Director, Cultural Resources, Midwest Region Date Approved: Date Remove not the ancient landmark which thy fathers have set. Proverbs 22:28 Words spoken by Regional Director Elbert Cox Arkansas Post National Memorial dedication June 23, 1964 Table of Contents List of Figures vii Introduction 1 1 – Geography and the River 4 2 – The Site in Antiquity and Quapaw Ethnogenesis 38 3 – A French and Spanish Outpost in Colonial America 72 4 – Osotouy and the Changing Native World 115 5 – Arkansas Post from the Louisiana Purchase to the Trail of Tears 141 6 – The River Port from Arkansas Statehood to the Civil War 179 7 – The Village and Environs from Reconstruction to Recent Times 209 Conclusion 237 Appendices 241 1 – Cultural Resource Base Map: Eight exhibits from the Memorial Unit CLR (a) Pre-1673 / Pre-Contact Period Contributing Features (b) 1673-1803 / Colonial and Revolutionary Period Contributing Features (c) 1804-1855 / Settlement and Early Statehood Period Contributing Features (d) 1856-1865 / Civil War Period Contributing Features (e) 1866-1928 / Late 19th and Early 20th Century Period Contributing Features (f) 1929-1963 / Early 20th Century Period -
SEAC Bulletin 58.Pdf
SOUTHEASTERN ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS OF THE 72ND ANNUAL MEETING NOVEMBER 18-21, 2015 NASHVILLE, TENNESSEE BULLETIN 58 SOUTHEASTERN ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONFERENCE BULLETIN 58 PROCEEDINGS OF THE 72ND ANNUAL MEETING NOVEMBER 18-21, 2015 DOUBLETREE BY HILTON DOWNTOWN NASHVILLE, TENNESSEE Organized by: Kevin E. Smith, Aaron Deter-Wolf, Phillip Hodge, Shannon Hodge, Sarah Levithol, Michael C. Moore, and Tanya M. Peres Hosted by: Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Middle Tennessee State University Division of Archaeology, Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation Office of Social and Cultural Resources, Tennessee Department of Transportation iii Cover: Sellars Mississippian Ancestral Pair. Left: McClung Museum of Natural History and Culture; Right: John C. Waggoner, Jr. Photographs by David H. Dye Printing of the Southeastern Archaeological Conference Bulletin 58 – 2015 Funded by Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation, Authorization No. 327420, 750 copies. This public document was promulgated at a cost of $4.08 per copy. October 2015. Pursuant to the State of Tennessee’s Policy of non-discrimination, the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation does not discriminate on the basis of race, sex, religion, color, national or ethnic origin, age, disability, or military service in its policies, or in the admission or access to, or treatment or employment in its programs, services or activities. Equal Employment Opportunity/Affirmative Action inquiries or complaints should be directed to the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation, EEO/AA Coordinator, Office of General Counsel, 312 Rosa L. Parks Avenue, 2nd floor, William R. Snodgrass Tennessee Tower, Nashville, TN 37243, 1-888-867-7455. ADA inquiries or complaints should be directed to the ADA Coordinator, Human Resources Division, 312 Rosa L. -
Further Investigations Into the King George
Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Master's Theses Graduate School 2010 Further investigations into the King George Island Mounds site (16LV22) Harry Gene Brignac Jr Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses Part of the Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Brignac Jr, Harry Gene, "Further investigations into the King George Island Mounds site (16LV22)" (2010). LSU Master's Theses. 2720. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/2720 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Master's Theses by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FURTHER INVESTIGATIONS INTO THE KING GEORGE ISLAND MOUNDS SITE (16LV22) A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in The Department of Geography and Anthropology By Harry Gene Brignac Jr. B.A. Louisiana State University, 2003 May, 2010 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First and foremost, I would like to give thanks to God for surrounding me with the people in my life who have guided and supported me in this and all of my endeavors. I have to express my greatest appreciation to Dr. Rebecca Saunders for her professional guidance during this entire process, and for her inspiration and constant motivation for me to become the best archaeologist I can be. -
Chapter 2 CULTURE HISTORICAL CONTEXT the 2010 Investigations at the Ashe Ferry Site Focused on Archaeological Components That Date to the Late Woodland (Ca
Chapter 2 CULTURE HISTORICAL CONTEXT The 2010 investigations at the Ashe Ferry site focused on archaeological components that date to the Late Woodland (ca. A.D. 800–1150) and Mississippian (ca. A.D. 1150–1540) periods, and the vast majority of contexts and assemblages documented at Ashe Ferry are attributable to these components, with the exceptions of one Middle Woodland period feature (a single cached vessel) and two Late Archaic period caches. Radiocarbon assays of samples from discrete contexts at Ashe Ferry indicate a primary span of occupation ca. A.D. 950–1150, with continued or sporadic lower intensity occupation through ca. A.D. 1325. Test units and extensive mechanical stripping of flood overburden and plowzone from the site also yielded collections that included small numbers of Early, Middle, and Late Archaic projectile points, as well as a few diagnostic Middle Woodland period pottery sherds. The following discussion specifically contextualizes the investigations of Late Woodland period and Mississippian period components at the Ashe Ferry site with an overview of the current state of knowledge concerning these archaeological periods in the central Carolina piedmont, with broader reference to this span in the surrounding region. Early Woodland Period The inception of the Woodland period (ca. 3000–1000 B.P.) in the Carolina piedmont is defined by the widespread, ubiquitous use of pottery by human populations who pursued transhumant or semi-transhumant hunter-gatherer strategies refined throughout the preceding Archaic period. This threshold is clearly arbitrary inasmuch as pottery production was commonplace among Late Archaic period societies in the South Carolina coastal plain and along the fall line after 4500 B.P. -
Cultural Affiliation Statement for Buffalo National River
CULTURAL AFFILIATION STATEMENT BUFFALO NATIONAL RIVER, ARKANSAS Final Report Prepared by María Nieves Zedeño Nicholas Laluk Prepared for National Park Service Midwest Region Under Contract Agreement CA 1248-00-02 Task Agreement J6068050087 UAZ-176 Bureau of Applied Research In Anthropology The University of Arizona, Tucson AZ 85711 June 1, 2008 Table of Contents and Figures Summary of Findings...........................................................................................................2 Chapter One: Study Overview.............................................................................................5 Chapter Two: Cultural History of Buffalo National River ................................................15 Chapter Three: Protohistoric Ethnic Groups......................................................................41 Chapter Four: The Aboriginal Group ................................................................................64 Chapter Five: Emigrant Tribes...........................................................................................93 References Cited ..............................................................................................................109 Selected Annotations .......................................................................................................137 Figure 1. Buffalo National River, Arkansas ........................................................................6 Figure 2. Sixteenth Century Polities and Ethnic Groups (after Sabo 2001) ......................47 -
Teaching the First American Civilization Recognizing the Moundbui
The Councilor: A Journal of the Social Studies Volume 77 Article 2 Number 2 Volume 77 No. 2 (2016) June 2016 Teaching The irsF t American Civilization Recognizing The oundM builders as a Great Native-American Civilization Jack Zevin Queens College/CUNY Follow this and additional works at: http://thekeep.eiu.edu/the_councilor Part of the Curriculum and Instruction Commons, Educational Methods Commons, Elementary Education Commons, Elementary Education and Teaching Commons, Geography Commons, Junior High, Intermediate, Middle School Education and Teaching Commons, and the Pre- Elementary, Early Childhood, Kindergarten Teacher Education Commons Recommended Citation Zevin, Jack (2016) "Teaching The irF st American Civilization Recognizing The oundM builders as a Great Native-American Civilization," The Councilor: A Journal of the Social Studies: Vol. 77 : No. 2 , Article 2. Available at: http://thekeep.eiu.edu/the_councilor/vol77/iss2/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at The Keep. It has been accepted for inclusion in The ouncC ilor: A Journal of the Social Studies by an authorized editor of The Keep. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Zevin: Teaching The First American Civilization Recognizing The Moundbui Teaching The First American Civilization Recognizing The Moundbuilders as a Great Native-American Civilization Jack Zevin Queens College/CUNY The Moundbuilders are a culture of mystery, little recognized by most Americans, yet they created farms, villages, towns, and cities covering as much as a third of the United States. Social studies teachers have yet to mine the resources left us over thousands of years by the native artisans and builders who preceded the nations European explorers came into contact with after 1492. -
Management Plan / Environmental Assessment, Atchafalaya National
Atchafalaya National Heritage Area Heritage National Atchafalaya COMMISSION REVIEW- October 1, 2010 Vol. II SEPTEMBER 2011 Environmental Assessment Environmental Management Plan Note: This is a low resolution file of the painting, “Hope” to show artwork and placement. Artwork will be credited to Melissa Bonin, on inside front cover. AtchafalayaAtchafalaya NationalNational HeritageHeritage AreaArea MANAGEMENT PLAN / ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT SEPT DRAFT MANAGEMENT PLAN / ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT 2011 As the nation’s principal conservation agency, the Department of the Interior has responsibility for most of our nationally owned public lands and natural resources. This includes fostering sound use of our land and water resources; protecting our fish, wildlife, and biological diversity; preserving the environmental and cultural values of our national parks and historical places; and providing for the enjoyment of life through outdoor recreation. The department assesses our energy and mineral resources and works to ensure that their development is in the best interests of all our people by encouraging stewardship and citizen participation in their care. The department also has a major responsibility for American Indian reservation communities and for people who live in island territories under U.S. administration. Front cover photo credit: Louisiana Office of Tourism NPS ABF/P77/107232 SEPTEMBER 2011 Printed on recycled paper Atchafalaya National Heritage Area Management Plan/ Environmental Assessment Volume Two 1 2 CONTENTS OF VOLUME TWO CHAPTER -
Tennessee Archaeology Is Published Semi-Annually in Electronic Print Format by the Tennessee Council for Professional Archaeology
TTEENNNNEESSSSEEEE AARRCCHHAAEEOOLLOOGGYY Volume 3 Spring 2008 Number 1 EDITORIAL COORDINATORS Michael C. Moore TTEENNNNEESSSSEEEE AARRCCHHAAEEOOLLOOGGYY Tennessee Division of Archaeology Kevin E. Smith Middle Tennessee State University VOLUME 3 Spring 2008 NUMBER 1 EDITORIAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE David Anderson 1 EDITORS CORNER University of Tennessee ARTICLES Patrick Cummins Alliance for Native American Indian Rights 3 Evidence for Early Mississippian Settlement Aaron Deter-Wolf of the Nashville Basin: Archaeological Division of Archaeology Explorations at the Spencer Site (40DV191) W. STEVEN SPEARS, MICHAEL C. MOORE, AND Jay Franklin KEVIN E. SMITH East Tennessee State University RESEARCH REPORTS Phillip Hodge Department of Transportation 25 A Surface Collection from the Kirk Point Site Zada Law (40HS174), Humphreys County, Tennessee Ashland City, Tennessee CHARLES H. MCNUTT, JOHN B. BROSTER, AND MARK R. NORTON Larry McKee TRC, Inc. 77 Two Mississippian Burial Clusters at Katherine Mickelson Travellers’ Rest, Davidson County, Rhodes College Tennessee DANIEL SUMNER ALLEN IV Sarah Sherwood University of Tennessee 87 Luminescence Dates and Woodland Ceramics from Rock Shelters on the Upper Lynne Sullivan Frank H. McClung Museum Cumberland Plateau of Tennessee JAY D. FRANKLIN Guy Weaver Weaver and Associates LLC Tennessee Archaeology is published semi-annually in electronic print format by the Tennessee Council for Professional Archaeology. Correspondence about manuscripts for the journal should be addressed to Michael C. Moore, Tennessee Division of Archaeology, Cole Building #3, 1216 Foster Avenue, Nashville TN 37243. The Tennessee Council for Professional Archaeology disclaims responsibility for statements, whether fact or of opinion, made by contributors. On the Cover: Human effigy bowl from Travellers’ Rest, Courtesy, Aaron Deter-Wolf EDITORS CORNER Welcome to the fifth issue of Tennessee Archaeology. -
A Microdebitage Analysis of the Winterville Mounds Site (22WS500)
The University of Southern Mississippi The Aquila Digital Community Master's Theses Fall 2017 A Microdebitage Analysis of the Winterville Mounds Site (22WS500) Stephanie Leigh-Ann Guest University of Southern Mississippi Follow this and additional works at: https://aquila.usm.edu/masters_theses Part of the Archaeological Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Guest, Stephanie Leigh-Ann, "A Microdebitage Analysis of the Winterville Mounds Site (22WS500)" (2017). Master's Theses. 315. https://aquila.usm.edu/masters_theses/315 This Masters Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by The Aquila Digital Community. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of The Aquila Digital Community. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A MICRODEBITAGE ANALYSIS OF THE WINTERVILLE MOUNDS SITE (22WS500) by Stephanie Leigh-Ann Guest A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate School, the College of Arts and Letters, and the Department of Anthropology and Sociology at The University of Southern Mississippi in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts August 2017 A MICRODEBITAGE ANALYSIS OF THE WINTERVILLE MOUNDS SITE (22WS500) by Stephanie Leigh-Ann Guest August 2017 Approved by: ________________________________________________ Dr. Homer E. Jackson, Committee Chair Professor, Anthropology and Sociology ________________________________________________ Dr. Marie E. Danforth, Committee Member Professor, Anthropology and Sociology ________________________________________________ -
A Brief Analysis of Lower Mississippi Valley Pottery
In Situ Issue 1 In Situ 2016 Article 7 5-14-2016 Time and Place at Smith Creek: A Brief Analysis of Lower Mississippi Valley Pottery Zhenia Bemko University of Pennsylvania This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/insitu/vol5/iss1/7 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Time and Place at Smith Creek: A Brief Analysis of Lower Mississippi Valley Pottery This article is available in In Situ: https://repository.upenn.edu/insitu/vol5/iss1/7 Bemko: Time and Place at Smith Creek: A Brief Analysis of Lower Mississi ty of Pennsylvania under the supervision of Dr. Time and Place at Smith Creek: Meg Kassabaum. Due the expert assistance of Sheridan Small, Ashely Terry, Arielle Person, Alex A Brief Analysis of Lower Mississippi King, Zhenia Bemko and Dr. Kassabaum’s Intro Valley Pottery to Archeology classes the lab work was complet- ed in short order. Under the dedicated, careful Zhenia Bemko and watchful eye of Dr. Kassabaum much of the ceramic analysis and rim drawing is currently be- Abstract: ing completed through the assistance of Zhenia The Smith Creek Archeological Project offered Bemko, Alex King and Arielle Person. a perfect opportunity to study prehistoric Native Introduction: Americans. This particular mound site is located in the Lower Mississippi River Valley, and what Site is known from preliminary excavations is that the site was primarily occupied during the Coles The site is located roughly fourteen miles west of Creek period, roughly 700-1200 AD. It is also Woodville, Mississippi, where route 24 runs right known that this was a time of great transforma- through it. -
Prehistoric Settlements of Coastal Louisiana. William Grant Mcintire Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College
Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1954 Prehistoric Settlements of Coastal Louisiana. William Grant Mcintire Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Part of the Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Mcintire, William Grant, "Prehistoric Settlements of Coastal Louisiana." (1954). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 8099. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/8099 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. HjEHisroaic smm&ws in coastal Louisiana A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of Geography and Anthropology by William Grant MeIntire B. S., Brigham Young University, 195>G June, X9$k UMI Number: DP69477 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI DP69477 Published by ProQuest LLC (2015). Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code ProQuest: ProQuest LLC.