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Vocabulario FORESTAL (Galego-Español-Inglés) Vocabulario FORESTAL Vocabulario Vocabulario Forestal

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Vocabulario FORESTAL (Galego-Español-Inglés) Vocabulario FORESTAL Vocabulario Vocabulario Forestal Servizo de Normalización Lingüística da Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Vocabulario FORESTAL (galego-español-inglés) Vocabulario FORESTAL Vocabulario Vocabulario forestal (galego-español-inglés) Servizo de Normalización Lingüística Universidade de Santiago de Compostela COLECCIÓN VOCABULARIOS TEMÁTICOS Nº 5 SERVIZO DE NORMALIZACIÓN LINGÜÍSTICA Vocabulario forestal (galego-español-inglés) 2012 UNIVERSIDADE DE SANTIAGO DE COMPOSTELA Vocabulario forestal: galego-español-inglés / [coordinador, Xusto A. Rodríguez Río ; autores, Antonio Rigueiro Rodríguez, José Javier Santiago Freijanes, Pablo Vila Lameiro, Juan José Villarino Urtiaga, Xusto A. Rodríguez Río]. — Santiago de Compostela : Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Servizo de Publicacións e Intercambio Científico, 2012 328 p. ; 21 cm. — (Vocabularios temáticos (Universidade de Santiago) ; 6) Promove, Servizo de Normalización Lingüística D.L. C 1379-2012. — ISBN: 978-84-9887-920-9 1. Madeira — Dicionarios 2. Bosques — Dicionarios 3. Galego (Lingua) — Glosarios, vocabularios, etc. políglotas I. Rodríguez Río, Xusto A., dir. II. Rigueiro Rodríguez, Antonio, 1951- III. Santiago Freijanes, José Javier IV. Vila Lameiro, Pablo V. Villarino Urtiaga, Xoán X. VI. Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Servizo de Publicacións e Intercambio Científico, ed. VII. Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Servizo de Normalización Lingüística 630*2 (038) COORDINADOR Xusto A. Rodríguez Río (Servizo de Normalización Lingüística da USC) AUTORES Antonio Rigueiro Rodríguez (catedrático do Dpto. de Produción Vexetal. Escola Politécnica Superior. USC) José Javier Santiago Freijanes (investigador do Dpto. de Produción Vexetal. Escola Politécnica Superior. USC) Pablo Vila Lameiro (profesor contratado doutor do Dpto. de Enxeñaría Agroforestal. Escola Politécnica Superior. USC) Juan José Villarino Urtiaga (ex-profesor titular do Dpto. de Produción Vexetal. Escola Politécnica Superior. USC) Xusto A. Rodríguez Río (Servizo de Normalización Lingüística. USC) PROMOVE Servizo de Normalización Lingüística da USC SUBVENCIONA Deputación de Lugo Vicepresidencia 1.ª Área de Cultura e Turismo EDITA Servizo de Publicacións e Intercambio Científico da USC Campus Vida www.usc.es/publicacions IMPRIME Unicopia Dep. Leg.: C 1379-2012 ISBN: 978-84-9887-920-9 Índice 7 Limiar 13 Táboa de materias 17 Abreviaturas empregadas 19 Vocabulario forestal 225 Índice de denominacións españolas 271 Índice de denominacións inglesas 315 Índice de denominacións científicas 323 Bibliografía 5 Limiar Os bosques ofrécenlles ás sociedades modernas unha ampla serie de beneficios, no plano ecolóxico (como soportes da biodiversi- dade, protectores do solo, reguladores do ciclo hidrolóxico e su- midoiros de carbono), no social (valores paisaxísticos, territorio privilexiado para o esparexemento, espazo fundamental na cul- tura tradicional…) e -evidentemente- no económico (produción de madeira e outros produtos forestais non-madeirables, froitos silvestres, caza, pesca, biomasa, plantas aromáticas e medicinais, cogomelos, pasto…). Isto é especialmente certo nun país coma Galicia, onde contamos con máis de 2 millóns de hectáreas de superficie forestal, distribuí- da entre centos de miles de propietarios, e onde este sector supón máis do 3 % do noso produto interior bruto. E se miramos cara ao pasado, o papel do monte na organización e o desenvolvemento económico da sociedade galega tradicional amósase como esencial. Fornecía madeira para a construción de vi- vendas e de todo tipo de utensilios, pero tamén leña para cociñar e quentarse, pasto e estrume para os animais, fertilizante para as terras, froitos para a alimentación humana e animal, espazos agrí- colas ocasionais… 7 Por todo isto, é lóxico que a lingua galega conte cun abondoso léxi- co relacionado co monte, que lle permite describir o medio físico forestal, nomear as especies vexetais e as súas características morfo- lóxicas máis salientables, identificar os principais traballos que nel se desenvolven e os profesionais que os executan… Ou, se cadra, habería que dicir “que os executaban”, porque cómpre recoñecer que a presenza do vocabulario galego é maior á hora de designar ac- tividades ou modos de produción propios da sociedade tradicional. O reto a que se enfronta esta lingua no ámbito forestal é o man- temento da súa presenza e vitalidade nun sector que mudou ra- dicalmente, e no que a mecanización, os avances tecnolóxicos e a estandarización dos métodos de traballo supuxeron a chegada de novas técnicas, procedementos, ferramentas e máquinas que traen consigo os seus propios nomes. E hai que recoñecer que se está de- fendendo razoablemente ben. A presenza do galego en documentación técnica e científica rela- cionada co sector forestal (teses de doutoramento, proxectos, me- morias técnicas, estudos de impacto ambiental, libros e artigos científicos e de divulgación…) é comparativamente maior ca a que pode observarse noutras disciplinas. Unha ollada á nosa Bibliogra- fía permítenos comprobar que este tipo de materiais non son unha anécdota. No entanto, bótanse a faltar vocabularios, glosarios ou dicionarios que recollan, analicen e depuren o léxico empregado na documen- tación técnica. Poden atoparse algúns que tratan aspectos parciais (especies vexetais e a súa morfoloxía, sobre todo), pero non que enfoquen o sector no seu conxunto desde o punto de vista termino- lóxico. Esta é a tarefa que –desde a súa modestia- este Vocabulario intenta emprender. 8 Neste enfoque colectivo teñen cabida palabras vedrañas (desmesta, entrecolla, fragueiro…), que poden ser habilitadas para a denomina- ción de novas realidades que modifican parcialmente as tradicio- nais. Pero tamén novas formas que chegan ao galego á vez que má- quinas, técnicas ou procedementos de traballo novos se estenden polos nosos montes, e que deben integrarse no corpus desta lingua distorsionando o menos posible a súa estrutura. Pero este traballo de recollida, análise e selección non será máis ca un xogo intelectual se non consegue influír na presenza real do ga- lego na documentación especializada vinculada ao mundo forestal, tanto no que se refire ao aumento do seu volume como á mellora da súa calidade. E polas nosas traxectorias profesionais, ficaremos especialmente satisfeitos se ese incremento se percibe na activida- de docente e investigadora dos centros universitarios galegos e no- meadamente na da Escola Politécnica Superior da Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, á que dunha forma ou doutra todos nós estamos vinculados. Cando se dá por rematado un traballo coma este é o momento de recoñecer a axuda de toda a xente que dunha forma ou doutra cola- borou para que puidésemos chegar aquí. Quen forneceu unha refe- rencia bibliográfica, quen debateu unha dúbida nun foro ou nunha rolda, quen achegou unha listaxe de conceptos que completaron o corpus de entradas… todos deben saber que parte do mérito é seu e a todos lles manifestamos aquí o noso recoñecemento. Pero aínda así, queremos darlles explicitamente as grazas a Marcos Ferreira Amoeiro, que formou parte deste equipo de traballo durante máis de dous anos, e a Ana Isabel García Arias, pola súa minuciosa revi- sión dos termos de economía forestal. * * * 9 Á hora de consultar a información, teña en conta que este traballo está estruturado en dous grandes bloques: a. O «vocabulario» propiamente dito, no que se recolle o corpus de entradas, numerado e ordenado alfabeticamente segundo o nome galego. b. Os índices remisivos, nos que se presenta unha listaxe alfa- bética de todos os equivalentes en cada unha das linguas de traballo (español, inglés e –cando é do caso– latín científico), desde a que se remite á entrada en que cada un deles aparece. O primeiro deles é a cerna deste traballo, e consta de dous tipos de entradas: 1. AS ENTRADAS COMPLETAS Nelas compílase e organízase toda a información recollida para cada un dos conceptos tratados neste Vocabulario. Identifícanse cun número que facilita a citación e a remisión des- de os índices español e inglés, e encabézanse coa denominación galega e a súa categoría gramatical. Na seguinte liña indícase a área ou áreas temáticas a que pertence o concepto, e a continua- ción, outras formas de referirse a el en galego, quer sinónimos (marcados como SIN.-), quer simples variantes gráficas (marca- das como VAR.-). Engádense tamén as categorías gramaticais duns e doutras, sempre que sexan diferentes da xa indicada para a denominación principal galega. O seguinte bloque de información presenta as equivalencias en español (es), inglés (en) e latín científico (la). Se para un mes- mo concepto se recollen varios sinónimos sepáranse con punto e coma e ordénanse alfabeticamente. 10 Por veces, inclúese tamén unha última epígrafe (Nota.-) en que se recollen informacións complementarias, técnicas ou lingüísti- cas, ou se xustifican escollas que poidan parecer discutibles. 1413 matogueira f Ecoloxía e ecosistemas SIN.- mato (m) VAR.- matagueira es broza; matorral en scrub; scrubland Nota.- Designa a ‘comunidade vexetal que ten os arbustos como especies dominantes, e que pode aparecer naturalmente ou como resultado da actividade humana’. Cfr. con bouza e maleza. 2. AS ENTRADAS REMISIVAS Recollen unicamente sinónimos ou variantes dunha «entrada completa», e empréganse para redirixir a quen consulta cara a esta, indicando así de forma indirecta que consideramos prefe- rible esa denominación, en comparación coa que figura na «en- trada remisiva». matagueira Vid.- matogueira Deste xeito, se busca información sobre un concepto cuxo
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