sign in sign up
<<
Home , Peppermint

Research Article

Comparative effect of and peppermint oil on muscle spasm Akansha Kishen, R. Gayatri Devi*, A. Jyothipriya

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Spasms of skeletal muscles are the most common and often due to overuse and muscle fatigue, dehydration, and electrolyte abnormalities. The spasm occurs abruptly and is short lived. The aim of the present study was to investigate the extent to which rosemary oil shows effects on muscle spasm than the familiar peppermint oil. Materials and Methods: A study was conducting among 30 people having a muscle spasm. Out of which there were two groups made, i.e., Group 1 and Group 2. Two different oils that include peppermint oil and rosemary oil were applied on the area affected by muscle spasm. Group 1 people were applied rosemary oil and Group 2 people were applied peppermint oil. The result which is obtained will be discussed. Results: When compared to peppermint oil, rosemary oil has very good effective role on muscle spasm. Out of 15 participants, nine of them felt effective after using rosemary oil. Only five of them felt effective after using peppermint oil. Conclusion: Hence, we can conclude that both the oils show invariably great effect in curing muscle spasm. Hence, time duration becomes a factor in distinguishing between the best oil. Rosemary oil cures pain within 15 min where peppermint oil takes a longer time, i.e., 30 min to cure the pain. Hence, we can regard rosemary oil as the best oil in curing muscle spam. KEY WORDS: Muscle, Spasm, Cramps, Prevention, Rosemarry oil, Peppermint oil

INTRODUCTION • Nerve compression – Compression of nerves in your spine, i.e., lumbar stenosis can produce muscle cramp. Spasms of skeletal muscles are the most common and The pain usually worsens the longer you walk.[5] often due to overuse and muscle fatigue, dehydration, • Mineral depletion – Too little potassium, calcium, and electrolyte abnormalities. The spasm occurs or magnesium in the diet can also contribute for the abruptly and is short lived. Therefore, muscle spasm muscle spasm. is the sudden involuntary contraction of the muscles.[1] Pain may occur due to polycystic kidney disease, chronic Risk factors for muscle spasm may include age kidney failure, high urea, or its accompanying factor. Due to aging the muscle mass starts getting diseases such as diabetes, arthritis, and cardiovascular reduced which on the latter half can lead to extreme diseases.[2] Moreover, the source of 64% of pain these muscle spasm. Dehydration may also me consider as patients experience is due to musculoskeletal issues a risk factor as athletes who become fatigued while and it is experience in the legs.[3] Examples include participating in warm-weather sports frequently develop the pain associated with menstrual cramps, diarrhea, muscle cramps. Pregnancy may lead to worst muscle gallbladder pain, and passing a kidney stone. Muscle cramps as well. Prevention may include the stretching spasm is generally harmless to the body but it may be of muscles before you use the muscles for prolonged related to an underlying medical condition, such as:[4] periods. Prevent dehydration by drinking plenty of water • Inadequate blood supply – Arteriosclerosis which is every day. Fluids will help in muscles contraction and due to narrowing of the arteries that deliver blood relaxation. There are many essential oils which help in supply to the legs may produce the muscle cramps curing muscle spasm. Peppermint oil and rosemary oil while exercising. are among them which cure the cramps easily. Rosemary oil basically contains a number of phytochemicals, Access this article online including , camphor, caffeic acid, , carnosic acid, and carnosol. It also contains 10– Website: jprsolutions.info ISSN: 0975-7619 20% camphor.[6] On the other hand, dried peppermint

Department of Physiology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

*Corresponding author: R. Gayatri Devi, Department of Physiology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Technical and Medical science, Saveetha University, 162, Poonamallee High Road, Chennai - 600 077, Tamil Nadu, India. E-mail: [email protected]

Received on: 02-11-2018; Revised on: 06-12-2018; Accepted on: 11-01-2019

1124 Drug Invention Today | Vol 11 • Issue 5 • 2019 Akansha Kishen, et al. oil typically has 0.3–0.4% of volatile oil containing Table 1: Effect of rosemary and peppermint oil , menthyl acetate, menthofuran, and 1,8-cineol. Oil types Effective Noneffective It also contains small amounts of , , Rosemary oil 9 6 [7] , and pinene. The two oils can be applied Peppermint oil 5 10 in the area affected by muscle spasm by massaging the oil over that area. It relaxes the stretched muscles and clams down the blood supply over that region. By this way, it reduces the pain. Athletes are person who are more prone to muscle spasm. They try to do certain warm- up exercises to prevent the cramp.[8] Peppermint is said to be a whose and oil are used as medicine. It helps to cure common cold, cough, inflammation of the mouth and throat, sinus infections, and respiratory infection.[9] It is also applied as a stimulant which helps in preventing spasms during endoscopy procedure.

MATERIALS AND METHODS Figure 1: Effect of rosemary oil A study was conducting among 30 people having muscle spasm. Out of which there was two groups made, i.e., Group 1 and Group 2. Two different oils that include peppermint oil and rosemary oil were applied on the area affected by muscle spasm. Group 1 people were applied rosemary oil and Group 2 people were applied peppermint oil. The result which is obtained will be discussed.

RESULTS Figure 2: Effect of peppermint oil When compared to peppermint oil, rosemary oil has Figure 2 shows the graph that tells about the effect very good effective role on muscle spasm. Out of 15 of peppermint oil on the muscle spasms. Out of the participants, nine of them felt effective after using divided people, Group 2 was applied this oil. A total of rosemary oil. Only five of them felt effective after 15 people were present in the group. The oil had been using peppermint oil [Table 1]. effective in curing muscle spasm for only five people, i.e., 33.33% of the total people. On the other hand, the DISCUSSION oil was not effective for 10 people, i.e., 66.66% of the remaining group of people. Peppermint oil had shown Muscle spasms are not considered to be a disease, so its effect in curing the muscle spasm within 30 min. it is cured within a specific time. Therefore, muscle spasms are not dangerous to health.[10] It is mainly CONCLUSION caused to the damage in the tissues, ligament, or due to pull in the muscle fiber. Cramps are seen in muscle Hence, we can conclude that both the oils show by the formation of lactic acid by the process of invariably great effect in curing muscle spasm. Hence, anaerobic glycolysis. Swelling of certain ligaments is time duration becomes a factor in distinguishing a common symptom for muscle spasm as well. Certain between the best oil. Rosemary oil cures pain within exercises can be done to prevent muscle spam. Here, 15 min where peppermint oil takes a longer time, in this survey, we have used two different oils to cure i.e., 30 min to cure the pain. Hence, we can regard the pain caused due to muscle spam. rosemary oil as the best oil in curing muscle spam. Figure 1 shows the graph that tells about the effect of REFERENCES rosemary oil on the muscle spasms. Out of the divided 1. Zagajewska AM, Pietrasik P, Krawczyk J, Krakowska M, people Group 1 was applied this oil. A total of 15 Jarzebski T, Pietrasiewicz B, et al. Similar prevalence but different people were present in the group. The oil had been characteristics of pain in kidney transplant recipients and effective in curing muscle spasm for only nine people, chronic hemodialysis patients. Clin Transplant 2011;25:144‑51. i.e., 60% of the total people. On the other hand, the 2. Glick N, Davison SN. Managing chronic pain in advanced oil was not effective for six people, i.e., 40% of the chronic kidney disease. US Nephrol 2011;6:21-8. 3. Gamondi C, Galli N, Schonholzer C, Marone C, Zwahlen H, remaining group of people. Rosemary oil had shown Gabutti L, et al. Frequency and severity of pain and symptom its effect in curing the muscle spasm within 15 min. distress among patients with chronic kidney disease receiving

Drug Invention Today | Vol 11 • Issue 5 • 2019 1125 Akansha Kishen, et al.

dialysis. Swiss Med Wkly 2013;143:w13750. officinalis) . Folia Vet . 2008;52:135-9. 4. Bozin B, Mimica-Dukic N, Samojlik I, Jovin E. 8. Ivanov I, Nikolova S, Aladjov D, Stefanova I, Zagorchev Antimicrobialand antioxidant properties of rosemary and sage P. Synthesis and contractile activity of substituted 1,2,3,4 (Rosmarinus officinalis L. and L. ) tetrahydroisoquinolines. Molecule. 2011;16:7019-49. essential oils. J Agric Food Chem 2007;55:7879-85. 9. Raskovic A, Milanovic I, Pavlovic N, Milijasevic B, Ubavic M, 5. . Patti J, Stefanova I, Draganova-Filipova M, Zagorchev P. Mikov M. Analgesic effects of rosemary essential oil andits Rosemary oil reduces electrical field stimulated tetanic muscles interactions with codeine and paracetamol in mice. Eur Rev contractility. J BioSci Biotechnol 2015:97-101. Med Pharmacol Sci 2015;19:165-72. 6. Medical Biology Second National Youth Conference. Biological 10. Sreevidhya TM, Geetha RV. Antibacterial activity of the three Sciences for a Better future. Plovdiv. Available from: http:// essential oils on Streptococcus mutans-an in-vitro study. Int J www.2015101al_Community_herbal_monograph/2009/12/ Drug Dev Res 2014;6:65-7. WC500018312.pdf. [Last accessed on 2015 Oct 30]. Source of support: Nil; Conflict of interest: None Declared 7. Faixova Z, Faix S. Biological effects of rosemary (Rosmarinas

1126 Drug Invention Today | Vol 11 • Issue 5 • 2019