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The Oslo Center Annual Report 2011-2012 the Oslo Center THE THE OSLO O OSL CENTER ER T CEN ANNUAL L A ANNU REPORT REPORT 2011-2012 2011-2012 2011-2012 2011-2012 REPORT REPORT ANNUAL L A ANNU CENTER ER T CEN OSLO O OSL THE THE 2 CONTENTS A YEAR OF TRANSITION PAGE 4 FOCUS ON DEMOCRACY SUPPORT PAGE 5 THE OSLO Center’s mAIN OBJECTIVES PAGE 7 DEMOCRACY SUPPORT PAGE 8 KENYA PAGE 8 AFGANISTAN AND MONGOLIA PAGE 10 SOMALIA AND SOUTH SUDAN PAGE 11 HUMAN RIGHTS PAGE 12 BURMA PAGE 12 KAZAKHSTAN PAGE 14 CHILD RIGHTS PAGE 18 RELIGION AND DEVELOPMENT PAGE 20 A UNIVERSAL CODE ON HOLY SIGHTS PAGE 22 OTHER ACTIVITIES PAGE 24 THE OSLO CENTER US FOUNDATION PAGE 26 STAFF PAGE 28 BOARD OF DIRECTORS PAGE 30 BOARD OF TRUSTEES PAGE 31 INCOME AND EXPENDITURE PAGE 32 PaRTNERS PAGE 33 FINANCIAL SUPPORTERS PAGE 34 3 A YEAR OF TRANSITION 2011 has been a year of transition the leaders of the country to continue on the path for the Oslo Center in different towards democracy. ways. In early 2011 we won a tender from the Norwegian In accordance with our strategy, Ministry of Foreign Affairs to run a project on religion we have given priority to the and development. The main aim of this project is to programme of democracy support. We strengthened develop and increase knowledge of the relationship our staff by recruiting a highly competent and between religion and development. We are doing this experienced special advisor with key expertise on through public debates and publications. democratic reform processes in general and in East Africa in particular. In the years to come, our main The Oslo Center will continue its partnership in a focus will be on this area. project where the long term goal is the safe use, by religious adherents, of their holy places worldwide. In cooperation with international partners, we are We will also continue our partnership in a project on engaged in dialogue-oriented projects with the freedom of religion in Central Asia. political authorities in several countries in order to contribute to stabilizing and developing democratic In 2011 we moved to new and inspiring offices in the political systems. Respect for human rights is an center of Oslo. We have succeeded in obtaining some integral part of this work, whilst in Kenya we will new sponsors, to replace previous ones. In addition, also develop work focusing on the rights of the child. the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs is playing Dialogue is our main tool contributing to responsible a more important role in funding our projects on leadership. democracy support. The Oslo Center has been engaged with developments With our eight staff members, and four interns, we in Burma since our foundation. In 2011 we paid a will prioritize our efforts in some key projects within visit to the country and met Aung San Suu Kyi and democracy support and strengthening human rights. other representatives of the democratic opposition. The Oslo Center has advocated, and will continue to advocate, for the democratization process in Burma. Over the year the government has undertaken Mr. Kjell Magne Bondevik several positive initiatives and we will encourage President 4 FocUS ON DEMOCRacy SUPPORT The Oslo Center has contributed It is my impression that the Oslo Center has further with knowledge and experience to developed its niche during 2011, and contributed to challenging processes in countries better leadership and democratic processes in some with weak democracies. The Oslo fragile states and weak democracies. Center staff bring experience from politics, academia and from The Oslo Center has also carried out important working on the ground under difficult circumstances in activities in other areas. I recall particulary the Oslo fragile states. Thus, the Oslo Center is well positioned Center Seminar in May, with two former presidents of to give key advice in democratization processes. South Africa giving keynote speeches. This event was a success and an inspiration for everyone interested in A coalition-based government in a country with weak conflict resolution and reconciliation. democratic traditions and institutions may benefit from receiving concrete advice on how to deal with practical challenges. Some of the Oslo Center’s partner countries have limited experience of multi- Ms. Tove Strand party systems and parliamentary democracy. In such Chairman of the Board cases the Oslo Center can make a difference. 5 6 THE OSLO CENTer’s MAIN OBJEctIVES The Oslo Center will contribute to conflict prevention Two pillars: Dialogue and human rights and responsible leadership in fragile states and weak democracies. Dialogue and human rights are the two pillars undergirding the Oslo Center’s advice to, and We will do this by: co-operation with, political actors. Everything • providing experience-based advice to parties, we do should be founded on universal human political leaders and government bodies rights and the conviction that dialogue is a on power-sharing, coalition-building and fundamental prerequisite for democracy and enhancement of a culture of co-operation, peaceful coexistence. Competence enhancement based on democratic principles; on dialogue as a political tool and advice on human • providing documentation, raising of awareness, rights work (which in itself requires a dialogue and competence building on human rights to approach) are therefore integrated parts of the political leaders Oslo Center’s co-operation with political actors. • providing competence building on dialogue as a Another key task for the Oslo Center is to help political tool; establish venues and meeting places for dialogue • creating meeting places and facilitating between important community actors: for instance, dialogues. between civil society and the authorities; between political parties; between government partners; Our niche: Power-sharing, coalition-building and and between a government and its opposition. co-operation in practice In the next years, the Oslo Center is to contribute The Oslo Center will work in areas where it can make to: a difference: that is, in areas where we can make • meeting places and venues for launching use of our comparative advantages and where there dialogue between political actors; are few other players. Strong political experience • a better understanding between political and a unique international network are among our actors internally in the government apparatus, advantages. Combined with strong professional and between the government, political parties expertise, diplomatic experience and financial and the parliament; resources, this gives us a unique opportunity to fill • binding and functioning consultations between a niche in international conflict prevention efforts the authorities and civil society; and enhancement of responsible leadership: • increased awareness and knowledge of human providing advice and enhancing competence on rights, international mechanisms and power-sharing, coalition-building and political co- obligations among political actors. operation in fragile states and weak democracies. In the new strategy, this has been identified as the Oslo Center’s main activity and paramount concept. 7 8 DEMOCRACY SUPPORT KENya Kenya adopted a new constitution in August 2010. The Oslo Center, in partnership with International IDEA, The Grand Coalition and the political institutions, has also assisted the institutions of the Independent together with all other stakeholders, embarked on Electoral and Boundaries Commission (IEBC) and the the implementation of the new constitution. This Office of the Registrar of Political Parties (RPP) in included the revision and development of a number of their preparation for the implementation of the laws, new laws in 2011, including the new Election Act and and in their support for political parties to comply the new Political Party Act, both of great importance with the requirements in the new Constitution, the as the country prepares for new elections. Election Law and the Political Party Act. The Oslo Center has been supporting political In partnership with a number of implementing institutions and political processes in Kenya, with partners, the Oslo Center will continue to support a specific focus on the new legislative framework. In the political institutions and processes in Kenya, partnership with National Democratic Institute (NDI), including the political parties and the IEBC and RPP the Center has been working with the political parties in in particular, on intra-institutional as well as inter- analyzing, through comparative experiences, provisions institutional mechanisms for political consultation in the new laws on mechanisms and procedures for and co-operation. institutional co-operation, including parties, parliament and the executive. In October, representatives from the seven major political parties visited Norway on a study mission, to see the Norwegian experience first-hand. CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT Political competition is at the center stage in many identified in 2011 looking at international experiences political and electoral systems the election being as well as the concept itself. The purpose of the seen as a major event. Often international democracy guide is to explore the party dimension in dialogue assistance has focused on “free and fair elections”. facilitation and in particular focus on political party As much as political institutions work in the middle dialogue mechanisms and their various designs, of competition for power and influence it is equally capture practical and political dilemmas faced during importance to appreciate and acknowledge that a
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