Independent • International • Interdisciplinary Annual Report 2009
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Business As an Instrument of Peace
B U S I N E S S F O R P E A C E R E S E A R C H S Y M P O S I U M Business as an Instrument of Peace 2011 Business for Peace Research Symposium Oslo, October 17 Oslo House of Literature - Oslo Concert Hall - Oslo City Hall Presented by: In collaboration with: Folder2011_V6.indd 1 13.10.11 05.44 Business as an Instrument of Peace – 2011 Business for Peace Research Symposium Together with OECD National Contact Point During the 2011 Business for Peace Symposium, groundbreaking research will be presented providing Norway, the U.S. Institute of Peace, and the insights into how business and society best can work Peace Research Institute Oslo, a “Business together in order to create the essential shared values as an Instrument of Peace” research that help foster stability and peace, in national and international contexts. Not any kind of trade and symposium will be held on October 17. economics, nor any kind of business activity, may have The International Council of Swedish such a positive effect. Colonialism, factories abusing Industry and Institute of Corporate workforces, and cronyism, for example, may sow the seeds for frustration and violence. Underneath the Responsibility/GWU, will also join us to names and policies of “trade” are specific, concrete present new research in detail during interactions among parties that may or may not be the day at Oslo Konserthus. Highlights positive and constructive. An important aspect to consider is the nature of the interactions of particular from the findings will be showcased and businesses, particular business people, and particular challenged at a gathering in Oslo City Hall, stakeholders such as employees, shareholders, in connection with Oslo Innovation Week. -
Jan F Qvigstad: on Transparency
Jan F Qvigstad: On transparency Speech by Mr Jan F Qvigstad, Deputy Governor of Norges Bank (Central Bank of Norway), at Det Norske Videnskaps-Akademi (The Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters), Oslo, 10 November 2009. Ida Wolden Bache, Amund Holmsen, Marie Norum Lerbak and Øistein Røisland provided valuable assistance in preparing this speech * * * Introduction Norges Bank’s Executive Board has decided that the key policy rate now should be 1.5 per cent. If economic developments are broadly in line with projections, the appropriate key policy rate will be 2.75 per cent around the end of next year. If I had made this statement ten years ago, it would have constituted a breach of confidentiality.1 Norges Bank considered this to be highly sensitive information. Had I been deputy chairman of the US Federal Reserve Board twenty years ago, I would not even have been entitled to reveal the latest interest rate decision.2 Today, this sounds rather odd. Transparency is now taken for granted among central banks and in other areas of society. In London in 1780, the Bank of England was put to a test. In Parliament, Lord Gorden attempted to stop a bill to restore civil rights to Catholics.3 He drew support from large numbers. Rioting led to the destruction of several public buildings. When an attack was launched against the Bank of England, the building was secured like a fortress and withstood the onslaught, hence the phrase “as safe as the Bank of England”. Through the years, the phrase has been simplified into “as safe as the bank”. -
Afghanistan's Religious Landscape: Politicising the Sacred
NORWEGIAN PEACEBUILDING CENTRE No. 3 March 2010 Noref Policy Brief Afghanistan’s religious landscape: politicising the sacred Kaja Borchgrevink and Kristian Berg Harpviken Executive Summary Kaja Borchgrevink and Kristian Berg Harpviken Afghanistan’s thirty years of war have seen the gradual and heavy politicisation of religion. A number of new and distinct types of political move- Kaja Borchgrevink is a researcher at the ments – which can be characterised broadly as International Peace Research Institute (PRIO) “fundamentalists”, “Islamists” and “neo-fundamen- in Oslo, where her work focuses on the Afghan talists” – has emerged to challenge traditional peace process after 2001. From 2001 to 2006, expressions of Islam. This has transformed the Borchgrevink worked with civil-society develop- religious landscape in Afghanistan, which is as a ment in Afghanistan and Pakistan for the United result more variegated than ever before. The differ- Nations and the Aga Khan Foundation. Her re- ent attitudes of these new currents to questions of cent work include studies of the role of religious religious authority, political process, and the Afghan actors in Afghan civil society; civil society and statebuilding project need to be carefully distin- peacebuilding in Afghanistan; the Afghan justice guished. More generally, the appearance of such sector and the relationship between modern and movements highlights the way that the role of reli- traditional law; and the transnational aspects of gion, though often overlooked, is central to the religious education in Afghanistan and Pakistan. attempt since the regime-change of late 2001 to build a viable Afghan state. The impact of the new Kristian Berg Harpviken is the Director of actors (including the Taliban itself) is reflected in the the International Peace Research Institute Oslo way that President Hamid Karzai – struggling to (PRIO). -
Ast, Conflict Trends in the Middle East, 1989–2019 1989–2019 - 14Ol,Norway Oslo, 0134
Independent • International • Interdisciplinary PRIO PAPER 2020 Vi PO 9229Box Grønland, NO Oslo (PRIO) InstitutePeace Research siting Address: gateHausmanns 3 Conflict Trends in the Middle East, Conflict Trends in the Middle East, 1989–2019 1989–2019 - 0134 Oslo, Norway ISBN: www.prio.org 978 978 - - 82 82 - Over the past decade, the bulk Although the Islamic State (IS) - comparison with other regions, 343 343 - - 0152 of the world’s deadliest the Middle East has seen the was allegedly defeated in Syria 0151 - - 0 conflicts have been in the largest relative increase in the in 2019, the number of IS- 3 ( (print) Middle East. To examine this, number of state-based conflicts related conflicts increased online ) this PRIO Paper takes a closer over the last six years. In 2019, from 2018 to 2019 globally and look at trends in conflicts in the number of state-based remains high in the Middle the Middle East between 1989 conflicts decreased for the first East. Fatalities from one-sided and 2019 and compares them time since 2007. Battle-related violence increased in the to global trends, using data deaths are also declining, yet Middle East from 2018 to 2019, from the Uppsala Conflict Data internationalized conflicts have mostly due to violence Design: Medicineheads.com Program (UCDP). In addition, skyrocketed. While non-state perpetrated by Syrian the paper analyzes trends in conflicts have declined since insurgents, IS, and Iran. The conflict recurrence, ceasefires, 2014, they are still at a number of ceasefires in the and peace agreements during considerably higher level than region has increased, but peace the same period. -
Annual Report 2006 101 Staff List 2006 (Staff Who Left in 2006 Are Listed in Grey Italics)
Annual ReportAnnual 2006 PRIO Annual Report 2006 101 Staff List 2006 (Staff who left in 2006 are listed in grey italics) Director Sabrina Ramet Doreen Kuse Information Stein Tønnesson Gregory Reichberg Bethany Lacina Knut Sindre Åbjørsbråten Jan Ketil Rød Eric Neumayer Agnete Schjønsby Research Staff Øystein H. Rolandsen Magnus Öberg Martin Austvoll Kaushik Roy Marcelo Ochoa Editorial Staff Pavel Baev Sven Gunnar Simonsen Taylor Owen John Carville Morten Bergsmo Inger Skjelsbæk Roger Petersen Glenn Martin Helga Malmin Binningsbø Endre Stiansen James Pugel Marit Moe Kaja Borchgrevink Håvard Strand Rebecca Roberts Naima Mouhleb Marit Brochmann Trude Strand Bruce Russett Halvard Buhaug Kaare Strøm Klaus Schmidt-Hebbel Library J. Peter Burgess Henrik Syse Astrid Suhrke Olga Baeva Jørgen Carling Pinar Tank Jennifer Ziemke Odvar Leine Jeffrey Checkel Anne Thurin Indra de Soysa Torunn Tryggestad Administration Kendra Dupuy Ola Tunander Visiting Scholars Lars Even Andersen Jon Elster Henrik Urdal Vera Achvarina Lene Kristin Borg Scott Gates (CSCW Director) Hilde Henriksen Waage Trond Bakkevig Kai Robert Braaten Camilla Gjerde Hanne Fjelde Eystein Emberland Kristian Skrede Gleditsch Advisers Stein Erik Horjen Andrew Feltham Nils Petter Gleditsch Joachim Carlsen Pablo Kalmanovitz Damian Laws Kristian Berg Harpviken Ingeborg Haavardsson Kristoffer Lidén Svein Normann Wenche Hauge Gina Lende Nihara Ranjan Nayak Lorna Quilario Sandberg Håvard Hegre Maria Victoria Perotti Martha Snodgrass Helga Hernes Research Assistants Paul Roe Matilde Perez Herranz -
Oslosenteret-Årsrapport-2012-2013.Pdf
2012 - 2013 ANNUAL REPORT THE OSlo CENTER 2 CONTENTS NEW STEPS FORWARD PAGE 4 CONSOLIDATIONS AND NEW INITIATIVES PAGE 5 STRATEGY PAGE 7 DEMOCRACY SUPPORT PAGE 9 Kenya PAGE 9 SOMALIA PAGE 11 SOUTH SUDAN PAGE 12 MONGOLIA, AFGHANISTAN AND CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT PAGE 13 BURMA PAGE 15 RELIGION AND DEVELOPMENT PAGE 17 A UNIVERSAL CODE ON HOLY SITES PAGE 19 CHILD RIGHTS PAGE 20 FREEDOM OF RELIGION PAGE 22 OTHER ACTIVITIES PAGE 23 THE OSlo CENTER US FoundaTION PAGE 27 STAFF PAGE 28 Board OF DIRECTORS PAGE 30 Board OF TRUSTEES PAGE 31 INCOME AND EXPENDITURE PAGE 32 PARTNERS PAGE 33 FINANCIAL SUPPORTERS PAGE 34 3 NEW STEPS FORWARD 2012 has been a year for Norway and other countries – which was a huge strengthening and extending our inspiration for us. During the last year we have also program for democracy assist- had several meetings with representatives of the ance. Our goal is to assist emerg- Burmese government, and we are continuing our ing, vulnerable and fragile demo- dialogue for democracy and human rights in the cracies. Our efforts are directed country. towards legal frameworks for a functioning democracy, structures and working principles The Oslo Center will pursue activities within the field of political institutions, and to develop a mindset of human rights, but we will gradually try to integrate and political culture that supports democratic them more in our main program: democracy development. assistance. We will also continue our engagement on the project for a Universal Code on Holy Sites. The Oslo Center works in particular with political parties, governments, parliaments, election During autumn 2012 we started a process for a new commissions and young people from within civil strategy for the Oslo Center, which will be concluded society. -
A Dignity Economy
A Dignity Economy Creating an Economy that Serves Human Dignity and Preserves Our Planet Evelin Lindner MD, PhDs (Dr psychol, Dr med) [email protected] [email protected] 2012 Dignity Press vi A Dignity Economy Copyright © 2012 by Evelin Lindner. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by- sa/3.0/. Please note: This license allows free use of the material with the restrictions that the author has to be mentioned as the originator and that works making use of it have to stay open under the same license. Published by World Dignity University Press, an imprint of Dignity Press 16 Northview Court Lake Oswego, OR 97035 USA www.dignitypress.org Visit the book’s website: www.dignitypress.org/dignity-economy Art direction and cover design by Uli Spalthoff. Cover photo (Farmer land rights protest in Jakarta, Indonesia) by Jonathan McIntosh (www.rebelliouspixels.com). Back cover photo ©Evelin Frerk 2011 (www.evelinfrerk.de). Printed on paper from environmentally managed forestry. See www.lightningsource.com/chainofcustody for certifications. ISBN 978-1-937570-03-3 This book is also available as eBook: eISBN 978-1-937570-04-0 Other Publications by Evelin Lindner Making Enemies: Humiliation and International Conflict (2006) Westport, CT: Praeger Security International, Greenwood Emotion and Conflict: How Human Rights Can Dignify Emotion and Help Us Wage Good Conflict (2009) Westport, CT: Praeger Security International, Greenwood Gender, Humiliation, and Global Security: Dignifying Relationships from Love, Sex, and Parenthood to World Affairs (2010) Santa Barbara, CA: Praeger Security International, ABC-CLIO More publications on www.humiliationstudies.org/whoweare/evelin02.php viii A Dignity Economy Dedicated to my father, who, through his example, gave me the courage to stand up rather than stand by in the face of indignity. -
From “Refugee Warriors” to “Returnee Warriors” Militant Homecoming in Afghanistan and Beyond
CENTER FOR Global Studies Project on Global Migration and Transnational Politics ISSN 1941-7594 From “Refugee Warriors” to “Returnee Warriors” Militant Homecoming in Afghanistan and Beyond Kristian Berg Harpviken Centre for the Study of Civil War (CSCW) International Peace Research Institute, Oslo (PRIO) Global Migration and Transnational Politics Working Paper no. 5 March 2008 This paper relates to the larger project ‘Going Home to Fight? Explaining Refugee Return and Violence’ (2008-2011) which is funded by the Research Council of Norway’s program on Poverty and Peace (POVPEACE). The Center for Global Studies at George Mason University was founded to promote multidisciplinary research on globalization. The Center comprises more than 100 associated faculty members whose collective expertise spans the full range of disciplines. The Center sponsors CGS Working Groups, publishes the Global Studies Review, and conducts research on a broad range of themes. The Project on Global Migration and Transnational Politics, a partnership between CGS and the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, investigates how political dynamics around the globe have been transformed by new patterns of human mobility and the development of innovative transnational social networks. The project sponsors research workshops, working papers, and conferences that all focus on developing a new research agenda for understanding how global migration has transformed politics. WEB: cgs.gmu.edu ISSN 1941-7594 Kristian Berg Harpviken From ‘Refugee Warriors’ to ‘Returnee Warriors’: Militant Homecoming in Afghanistan and Beyond By Kristian Berg Harpviken Why do some refugees, upon return to their countries of origin, engage in violent action? This paper takes as its point of departure that in some refugee situations all those who return do not necessarily reintegrate peacefully; rather, a significant share engage in militant action. -
Corporate Social Responsibility and the Norwegian Leadership Model
Corporate Social Responsibility and the Norwegian Leadership Model “Does the Norwegian leadership model harmonize with the ideal leadership in CSR?” Helene Terese Segrov Master´s thesis at the Faculty of Social Sciences THE UNIVERSITY OF OSLO Spring 2014 I II III Corporate Social Responsibility and the Norwegian Leadership Model “Does the Norwegian leadership model harmonize with the ideal leadership in CSR? And does the Norwegian tradition give the proper environment for Norwegian leaders to practice the ideal leadership in CSR?” IV Copyright Author 2014 Corporate Social Responsibility and the Norwegian Leadership model Helene Terese Segrov http://www.duo.uio.no Print: Reprosentralen, Universitetet i Oslo V VI Summary The thesis reviews the Norwegian leadership model and the institutional framework the model exists in. The model is defined through different approaches and characteristics where traits such as less authoritarian, informal and including are prescribed the Norwegian leaders together with the tendency of acting within the cooperation tradition, which is based on the Norwegian welfare state and tripartite collaboration. The Norwegian leadership model is further described through three different directions (cooperation tradition, organizational – and strategy theory), three different levels (the society, the working life and the company), through different dimensions (bureaucratic, communicative, management, and professional), and through different scholars of leadership that exists in Norway (sociotechnical, Norwegian business school, Solstrandprogrammet and the Kenning school). The overall institutional frames are the democratization, the history of the labor unions, the welfare state, the tripartite collaboration, and constituting laws and agreements in Norway. These can be illustrated through for instance the workers movement and the establishment of the basic agreement between LO and N.AF, democratic rights, direct agreement between the parties in the labor market, and the worker commission of 1885. -
UNWELCOME GUESTS Iran’S Violation of Afghan Refugee and Migrant Rights WATCH
HUMAN RIGHTS UNWELCOME GUESTS Iran’s Violation of Afghan Refugee and Migrant Rights WATCH Unwelcome Guests Iran’s Violation of Afghan Refugee and Migrant Rights Copyright © 2013 Human Rights Watch All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 978-1-62313-0770 Cover design by Rafael Jimenez Human Rights Watch is dedicated to protecting the human rights of people around the world. We stand with victims and activists to prevent discrimination, to uphold political freedom, to protect people from inhumane conduct in wartime, and to bring offenders to justice. We investigate and expose human rights violations and hold abusers accountable. We challenge governments and those who hold power to end abusive practices and respect international human rights law. We enlist the public and the international community to support the cause of human rights for all. Human Rights Watch is an international organization with staff in more than 40 countries and offices in Amsterdam, Beirut, Berlin, Brussels, Chicago, Geneva, Goma, Johannesburg, London, Los Angeles, Moscow, Nairobi, New York, Paris, San Francisco, Sydney, Tokyo, Toronto, Tunis, Washington DC, and Zurich. For more information, please visit our website: http://www.hrw.org NOVEMBER 2013 978-1-62313-0770 Unwelcome Guests Iran’s Violation of Afghan Refugee and Migrant Rights Map .................................................................................................................................... i Glossary/Abbreviations ..................................................................................................... -
The Ethics of War. Part I
Philosophy Compass 7/5 (2012): 316–327, 10.1111/j.1747-9991.2011.00458.x The Ethics of War. Part I: Historical Trends1 Endre Begby1*, Gregory Reichberg2* and Henrik Syse2* 1Centre for the Study of Mind in Nature (CSMN) 2Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO) Abstract This article surveys the major historical developments in Western philosophical reflection on war. Section 2 outlines early development in Greek and Roman thought, up to and including Augustine. Section 3 details the systematization of Just War theory in Aquinas and his successors, especially Vitoria, Sua´rez, and Grotius. Section 4 examines the emergence of Perpetual Peace theory after Hobbes, focusing in particular on Rousseau and Kant. Finally, Section 5 outlines the central points of contention following the reemergence of Just War theory in the 1970s.2 1. Introduction War has been a constant in philosophical speculation from the Pre-Socratics to the present day. From Heraclitus onwards, many a philosopher has felt compelled to reflect on the origin, practice and consequences of war. It was not, however, until the medieval period that the problem of war (within and between nations) became the express theme of sys- tematic inquiry. Prior to that time, and apart from some rare exceptions (Thucydides being the most notable), war typically played a supporting role vis-a`-vis other more prominent issues. This is not to say that the Greek, Roman and early Christian treatments of war were superficial or lacking in analytic detail. On the contrary, the ancients raised penetrat- ing questions about war that would be taken up time and again in the centuries ahead. -
The Nobel Foundation Annual Report 2015 (Pdf)
The NOBEL- FOUNDATION Annual Report 2015 THE NOBEL FOUNDATION SWEDISH REGISTRATION NUMBER 802002-4462 ANNUAL REPORT 2015 The Nobel Foundation, Box 5232, se-102 45 Stockholm, Sweden © The Nobel Foundation, 2016. Nobel Prize®, The Nobel Prize® medal design mark and the N® design mark are registered trademarks of the Nobel Foundation. TABLE OF CONTENTS REPORT OF THE DIRECTORS, 2015........................4 Tasks and organisation ..................................................4 The Nobel Prize .......................................................6 The 2015 Nobel Laureates .......................................6 The Nobel Week in Stockholm ....................................7 The Nobel Days in Oslo .........................................7 Overall strategy for the Nobel sphere ...............................7 Lawsuit, Stockholm District Court .................................8 Legal action in California ........................................8 Lindau.......................................................8 Nobel Symposia ...............................................8 Financial management...................................................9 Organisation and strategy of asset management .......................9 Overall position and earnings ....................................10 Outflow and expenses ..........................................10 The investment portfolio ........................................12 Investments in equities .........................................12 Fixed income investments .......................................13