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Five Fair Sisters; an Italian Episode at the Court of Louis

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Five Fair Sisters; an Italian Episode at the Court of Louis CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY Cornell University Library DC 130.M3W72 1906a Five fair sisters; 3 1924 028 182 495 The original of tiiis book is in tine Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924028182495 KS. ^ FIVE FAIR SISTERS AN ITALIAN EPISODE AT THE COURT OF LOUIS XIV BY H. NOEL WILLIAMSy AUTHOR OF ' MADAME r£CAM1ER AND HER FRIENDS," " MADAME DE POMPADOUR)' "MADAME DE MONTESPAN," "MADAME DU BAREV," "queens OP THE FRENCH STAGE," "LATER QUEENS OF THE FRENCH STAGE," ETC. WITH PHOTOGRAVURE PLATE AND SIXTEEN OTHER ILLUSTRATIONS NEW YORK G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS 27 & 29 WEST 23RD STREET igo6 Printed in Great Britain TO MY WIFE LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS HORTENSE MANCINI, DUCHESSE DE MAZARIN Frontispiece (Photogravure) From an engraving after the painting by Sir Peter Lely. TO FACE PAGE CARDINAL MAZARIN lO From an engraving after the painting by Mignard. ARMAND DE BOURBON, PRINCE DE CONTJ 38 From an engraving by Frosne. ANNE MARIE MARTINOZZI, PRINCESS DE CONTI . 40 From an engraving after the painting by Beaubrun. LAURE MANCINI, DUCHESSE DE MERCCEUR 58 From a contemporary print. LOUIS XIV 72 From an engraving after the drawing by Wallerant Vaillant. MARIE MANCINI IIO From an engraving after the painting by Sir Peter Leiy. ANNE OF AUSTRIA, QUEEN OF FRANCE 1 58 From an engraving af^er the painting by Mignard. PRINCE CHARLES (AFTER CHARLES v) OF LORRAINE . 200 From an engraving by Nanteuil. MARIA THERESA, QUEEN OF FRANCE 220 From an engraving after the painting by Beaubrun. LORENZO ONOFRIO COLONNA, PRINCIPE DI PALLIANO, GRAND CONSTABLE OF THE KINGDOM OF NAPLES 238 From an engraving after the drawing by Giacomo Bichi MARIANNE MANCINI, DUCHESSE DE BOUILLON .... 254 From a contemporary print. ARMAND DE LA PORTE, DUC DE MAZARIN ET DE LA MEILLERAYE . 268 From an engraving after the. painting by Mignard. MARIE MANCINI COLONNA, PRINCIPESSA DI PALLIANO . 310 From the painting by Mignard. CHARLES EMMANUEL II, DUKE OF SAVOY 330 From an engraving by G. Vallet. MARIE LOUISE D'ORLEANS, QUEEN OF SPAIN . -352 From an engraving by L. Armessin. OLVMPE MANCINI, COMTESSE DE SOISSONS 384 From a contemporary print. — FIVE FAIR SISTERS CHAPTER I Mazarin and his family—Hostile criticism provoked by his promotion of his brother Michele—His sisters, Signora Martinozzi and Signora Mancini, and their children—^The Cardinal determines to bring his nephews and nieces to France—Arrival of Anne-Marie Martinozzi and Laure, Olympe, and Paul Mancini—Their reception at Court Prediction of Madame de Villeroi—Kindness of Anne of Austria ERRATA Page 437 last line. For " allotted to a suite " read " allotted a suite." „ 391, line 28. For " 1690 " read " 1708." „ 392, line 9. For " 1690" read "1708." mill. The exception referred to was his younger brother, Michele Mazarini, a Jacobin monk at Rome, to further whose interests he did not hesitate to use the diplo- macy and power of France, since, not content with appointing him Archbishop of Aix, he intimidated the Pope into making him a cardinal. He soon had reason to regret his misplaced kindness. The new cardinal differed strangely from his brother. Giulio—or Jules, to give him the Gallicized form of his name—was LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS HORTENSE MANCINI, DUCHESSE DE MAZARIN Frontispiece {Photogravure) From an engraving after the painting by Sir Peter Leiy. TO PACE rACB CARDINAL MAZARIN lO From an engraving after the painting by Mignard, ARMAND DE BOURBON, PRINCE DE CONTI 38 From an engraving by Frosne, ANNE MARIE MARTINOZZI, PRINCESS DE CONTI . 40 From an engraving after the painting by Beaubrun. LAURE MANCINI, DUCHESSE DE MERCCEUR 58 From a contemporary print. LOUIS XIV 72 From an engraving after the drawing by Wallerant Vaillant. JUAnur * ^^xij!,, uoi; UE MAZARIN ET DE LA MEILLERAYE . 26S From an engraving after the painting by Mignard. MARIE MANCINI COLONNA, PRINCIPESSA DI PALLIANO . 310 From the painting by Mignard. CHARLES EMMANUEL II, DUKE OF SAVOY 330 From an engraving by G. Vallet. MARIE LOUISE D'ORLEANS, QUEEN OF SPAIN -352 From an engraving by L. Armessin. OLYMPE MANCINI, COMTESSE DE SOISSONS 384 From a contemporary print. — FIVE FAIR SISTERS CHAPTER I Mazarin and his family—Hostile criticism provoked by his promotion of his brother Miehele—His sisters, Signora Martinozzi and Signora Mancini, and their children—The Cardinal determines to bring his nephews and nieces to France—Arrival of Anne-Marie Martinozzi and Laure, Olympe, and Paul Mancini—Their reception at Court Prediction of Madame de Villeroi^—Kindness of Anne of Austria to the little girls—Question of the relations between the Queen- Mother and Mazarin considered. "C^QR five years after he had succeeded Richelieu as chief Minister, in May 1643, Mazarin remained an isolated man. He had no relations in France, and, with a single exception, he brought none of his kins- folk from Italy to share his prosperity. Madame de Motteville tells us that he was wont to declare that the beautiful Italian works of art with which his hotel was filled were the only relatives he desired to have with him. The exception referred to was his younger brother, Miehele Mazarini, a Jacobin monk at Rome, to further whose interests he did not hesitate to use the diplo- macy and power of France, since, not content with appointing him Archbishop of Aix, he intimidated the Pope into making him a cardinal. He soon had reason to regret his misplaced kindness. The new cardinal differed strangely from his brother. Giulio—or Jules, to give him the Gallicized form of his name—was ' 2 FIVE FAIR SISTERS " affable, insinuating, and a charming companion " ; Michele, rough, headstrong, and brutal. So far from being grateful for the favours bestowed upon him, he treated the all-powerful Minister with the utmost familiarity, and was accustomed to speak of him behind his back with undisguised contempt. He had, indeed, respect for no one, not even for the Queen- Mother, and in a short time contrived to render him- self so generally detested that, in order to get rid of him, Mazarin sent him as Viceroy to Catalonia, an appointment which gave rise to much scandal. Michele, however, whether from incapacity or some other cause, only held the post a few months and then returned to Rome, where he soon afterwards died, a victim of debauchery, if Gui-Patin is to be believed. Nothing which Mazarin had hitherto done had excited such hostile criticism as his efforts on behalf of this unworthy brother, and the failure of the experiment discouraged any desire on his part to bring the elder members of his family to France. But the younger members seemed possible elements of strength. Before Mazarin left Rome, as the Pope's vice-legate to France, in 1634, he had established his two sisters in excellent marriages. The elder had married Girolamo Marti- nozzi ; the younger, Hieronyma by name, Lorenzo Mancini, a Roman baron. Of Martinozzi, little is known, save that he is said to have been of noble descent. But the Mancini were undoubtedly an old family, who could trace their ancestry back to the fourteenth century, though whether they had ever been quite so illustrious as the Duchesse de Mazarin *• " (Hortense Mancini) tells us in her Mdmoires is open to question. ' Marfchal de Gramont, «« M^mcMres." FIVE FAIR SISTERS 3 Signora Martinozzi, now a widow, had two daughters —Anne-Marie and Laure. Signora Mancini had been blessed with ten children, of whom eight—three sons, Paul, Philippe, and Alphonse, and five daughters, Laure, Olympe, Marie, Hortense, and Marianne—were still living.* In 1647, finding himself firmly established in the Queen- Mother's affections, and apparently firmly estab- lished in power, Mazarin resolved to make a fresh experiment towards transplanting his family to France, and accordingly demanded from Signora Martinozzi her eldest daughter, and from Signora Mancini two of her daughters, the eldest, and her son Paul. These children were from seven to thirteen years of age. Although invited to journey to a foreign land, to which their mothers were not bidden, there was no hesitation in sending them to the brilliant lot which awaited the adopted children and probable heirs of the great Minister, and in September they arrived at Fontaine- bleau, in charge of the Duchesse de Noailles, who had been despatched to Rome with a numerous suite to escort them to France, just as if they had been Princes and Princesses of the Blood. "On II September (1647)," says Madame de Motte- ville, "we saw arrive from Italy three nieces of Cardinal Mazarin and a nephew. Two Mancini sisters and the nephew were the children of the youngest sister of his Eminence, the third niece was a Martinozzi, daughter of the Minister's eldest sister. The eldest of the little Mancini (Laure) was a pleasing brunette, with a handsome face, about twelve or thirteen years of age. The second, also a brunette (Olympe), had ' We have adopted the Gallicized form of the Christian names of these children, as it is by them that they are known to fame. 4 FIVE FAIR SISTERS a long face and pointed chin. Her eyes were small, but lively, and it might be expected that, when fifteen years of age, she would have some charm. According to the rules of beauty, it was impossible to grant her any, save that of having dimples in her cheeks. Mile. Martinozzi was blonde ; her features were beautiful, and she had much sweetness in her eyes ; and had we been astrologers enough to divine in her face the prospects of her fortune, as we did those of her beauty, we should have known that she was destined to high rank.
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