Pennsylvania Railroad Hudson River Tunnel Construction Photographs 1971.594
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Pennsylvania Railroad Hudson River tunnel construction photographs 1971.594 This finding aid was produced using ArchivesSpace on September 14, 2021. Description is written in: English. Describing Archives: A Content Standard Audiovisual Collections PO Box 3630 Wilmington, Delaware 19807 [email protected] URL: http://www.hagley.org/library Pennsylvania Railroad Hudson River tunnel construction photographs 1971.594 Table of Contents Summary Information .................................................................................................................................... 3 Historical Note ............................................................................................................................................... 3 Scope and Contents ........................................................................................................................................ 4 Administrative Information ............................................................................................................................ 4 Related Materials ........................................................................................................................................... 5 Controlled Access Headings .......................................................................................................................... 5 Collection Inventory ....................................................................................................................................... 5 - Page 2 - Pennsylvania Railroad Hudson River tunnel construction photographs 1971.594 Summary Information Repository: Audiovisual Collections Creator: Americanist, The (Pottstown, Pa.) Title: Pennsylvania Railroad Hudson River tunnel construction photographs ID: 1971.594 Date [inclusive]: 1902-1909 Physical Description: 1 Linear Foot Physical Description: 1 album: Containing 64 photographic prints: b&w ; 7.25 x 9.5 in. Language of the English . Material: Abstract: The Pennsylvania Railroad Company was the largest railroad in the United States in terms of corporate assets and traffic in the last quarter of the nineteenth century. This small collection of photographs covers the planning, surveying, and building of the Pennsylvania Railroad tunnels under the Hudson River, connecting New Jersey and New York in the early twentieth century. ^ Return to Table of Contents Historical Note The Pennsylvania Railroad Company was the largest railroad in the United States in terms of corporate assets and traffic in the last quarter of the nineteenth century. It was chartered in 1846 to complete an all-rail road across the state, a goal that was accomplished in 1854. In 1857, the company purchased the state's old "Main Line" of canals and railroads and brought the entire line from Philadelphia to Pittsburgh under one management. Between 1855 and 1874, the Pennsylvania Railroad Company underwent rapid expansion and emerged as one of the two largest railroad systems in the area east of the Mississippi and north of the Ohio. Through stock purchase or lease, it reached Baltimore in 1861, Chicago and Indianapolis in 1869, St. Louis in 1870, Jersey City opposite New York in 1871, and Washington in 1872. Purchase of the Philadelphia, Wilmington & Baltimore Railroad in 1881 brought complete control of the important New York-Washington corridor. By the end of the nineteenth century, the Pennsylvania Railroad Company was actively exploring the possibilities of extending their line into New York City. At that time, passengers coming to the city from - Page 3- Pennsylvania Railroad Hudson River tunnel construction photographs 1971.594 the west had to leave the train with their baggage and take a ferryboat to Manhattan. In order to overcome this disadvantage, the company announced plans for a scheme of tunnels under the Hudson River into a New York station, and from there a connection to the Long Island Railroad. Construction began in 1902 and the tunnels were completed in 1909. ^ Return to Table of Contents Scope and Contents This collection of photographs show the planning, surveying, and building of the Pennsylvania Railroad tunnels under the Hudson River. Subjects include surveyors triangulating the route of the tunnels, laborers working in the tunnels, and various tools, gauges, and devices. Some views show the area around New Jersey before construction. ^ Return to Table of Contents Administrative Information Publication Statement Audiovisual Collections PO Box 3630 Wilmington, Delaware 19807 [email protected] URL: http://www.hagley.org/library Access Restrictions No restrictions on access; this collection is open for research. ^ Return to Table of Contents - Page 4- Pennsylvania Railroad Hudson River tunnel construction photographs 1971.594 Related Materials Related Materials Pennsylvania Railroad photographs (Accession 1988.231), Audiovisual Collections and Digital Initiatives Department, Hagley Museum and Library. ^ Return to Table of Contents Controlled Access Headings • Railroads. • Tunnels • Railroads -- Buildings and structures • Railroad engineering • Pennsylvania Railroad Collection Inventory Title/Description Instances Alignment bar (third and last type) plumb bob and light box , 1908 volume 1 item 26 December 19 Scope and Contents T46. Pennsylvania Railroad Tunnels. North River Division, Section Gy. West. Alignment plugs used on North River Tunnels volume 1 item 27 Scope and Contents T47. Pennsylvania Railroad. Alignment scale, back-sight, plumb-bob and illuminating box volume 1 item 20 - Page 5- Pennsylvania Railroad Hudson River tunnel construction photographs 1971.594 Scope and Contents T40. Pennsylvania Raiload Tunnels. North River Division, Sections Gy and Gj. Back-sight set up over monuments by means transit , 1908 August volume 1 item 21 21 Scope and Contents T41. Pennsylvania Railroad Tunnels. North River Division, Sections Gy and Gj. Base line measuring corps, 1902 July 14 volume 1 item 10 Scope and Contents T29. Pennsylvania Railroad Tunnels. North River Division. Bristol gauge at station 231-90 for recording the height of water in volume 1 item 52 the North River, 1909 January 23 Scope and Contents T72. Pennsylvania Railroad Tunnels. North River Division, Section Gj (North Tunnel Weehawken). The pipe passes through the cast iron lining and silt of the river bed and its upper end is in the water of the river. Bristol gauge at station 231-78 to record variations in water level in volume 1 item 54 river , 1909 February 25 Scope and Contents T74. Pennsylvania Railroad Tunnels. North River Division, Sections Gy West and Gj (State Line North Tunnel). This is a new gauge more openly scaled than the previous one and is arranged just below bench level. Bristol recording gauge, 1909 August 9 volume 1 item 58 Scope and Contents T78. Pennsylvania Railroad Tunnels. North River Division, Sections Gy West and Gj (State Line North Tunnel). Showing tidal variations of elevation of surface of water of Hudson River. The water pressure is conveyed to the gauge by means of a pipe passing through the iron lining and silt into the river water. As arranged after conerete lining is in place (see photo T74). Checking corps taking radial measurements on tunnel lining , 1908 volume 1 item 22 August 20 - Page 6- Pennsylvania Railroad Hudson River tunnel construction photographs 1971.594 Scope and Contents T42. Pennsylvania Railroad Tunnels. North River Division, Sections Gy and Gj. Cross pipe between tunnels at station 231-78 for survey purposes, volume 1 item 53 1909 January 25 Scope and Contents T73. Pennsylvania Railroad Tunnels. North River Division, Sections Gy West and Gj (South Tunnel). Casting which contains stuffing box in place, with cover removed. Cross pipes between tunnels for survey purposes, 1908 December 7 volume 1 item 48 Scope and Contents T68. Pennsylvania Railroad Tunnels. North River Division, Section Gy West (North Tunnel Manhattan). View showing flange in place into which stuffing box casing is screwed. See Drawing No. K 1098. Cross pipes between tunnels for survey purposes, 1908 December 7 volume 1 item 49 Scope and Contents T69. Pennsylvania Railroad Tunnels. North River Division, Section Gj. North Tunnel Weehawken. View showing tunnel segment machined to take flange into which stuffing box casing is screwed. See Drawing No. K 1098. Cross pipes between tunnels for survey purposes, 1908 December volume 1 item 50 12 Scope and Contents T70. Pennsylvania Railroad Tunnels. North River Division, Section G4. South Tunnel Weehawken. Machine used for facing the segments to afford a seating for the flanges into which the stuffing box cases are screwed. See Drawing No. K. 1089. Destruction by fire of triangulation point number 3, 1909 November volume 1 item 63 16 Scope and Contents T83. Pennsylvania Railroad Tunnels. West River Division, Manhattan Shaft. On cornice of Gledhill Building, 541 West 34th Street. Details of apparatus used in plumbing volume 1 item 35 - Page 7- Pennsylvania Railroad Hudson River tunnel construction photographs 1971.594 Scope and Contents T55. Edson gauge, 1909 August 9 volume 1 item 59 Scope and Contents T79. Pennsylvania Roailroad Tunnels. North River Division, Sections Gy West and Gj (North Tunnel). Recording variations of vertical diameter of tunnel lining at station 231-70, after concrete lining is in place. The gauge is attached to the top of the tunnel and its pointer actuated by a bar attached to the invert. (See Photo T71). Edson gauge for recording variations of vertical diameter of cast