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I-Informe-Del-Estado-De-La-Libertad 323.443.097.286 P953p Primer informe del Estado de la Libertad de Expresión en Costa Rica. – 1. ed. – [San José, C.R.] : PROLEDI, 2018 1 recurso en línea (254 p.) : il., digital, archivo PDF ; 3.9 MB Requisitos del sistema: Adobe digital editions. Formato de acceso: World Wide Web ISBN 978-9930-9637-5-3 1. LIBERTAD DE PALABRA – COSTA RICA. 2. DERECHO A LA INFORMACIÓN – COSTA RICA. 3. COMUNICACIÓN – ASPECTOS LEGALES - COSTA RICA. 4. RADIODIFUSIÓN – COSTA RICA. 5. ACCESO A LA INFORMACIÓN – COSTA RICA. CIP/3205 CC/SIBDI.UCR Primera edición: 2018 Edición: Gréttel Aguilar, Giselle Boza, Lidieth Garro, Johanna Rodríguez, Lilliana Solís Diseño y diagramación: Gréttel Aguilar CONTENIDOS PRESENTACIÓN .................................................................................................................................5 CAPÍTULO 1 - Libertad de expresión y acceso a la información. Marco jurídico, desarrollo jurisprudencial y situación actual. ..........................................................7 1.1 Introducción .......................................................................................................................................... 7 1.2 Marco jurídico del derecho de acceso a la información y de la libertad de expresión en Costa Rica ............................................................................................................................................... 8 1.3 Proyectos de ley ................................................................................................................................... 28 1.4 Jurisprudencia Constitucional ........................................................................................................... 29 1.5 Consideraciones finales ...................................................................................................................... 36 CAPÍTULO 2 - Libertad de expresión y derecho de acceso a Internet en Costa Rica ......................37 2.1 Introducción ........................................................................................................................................ 37 2.2 Datos de acceso a Internet en Costa Rica ........................................................................................ 39 2.3 El acceso a Internet como derecho ................................................................................................... 42 2.4 El modelo tarifario y el uso justo: restricciones indirectas a los derechos comunicativos en Internet ........................................................................................................................ 45 2.5 El ejercicio de la libertad de expresión y el acceso a la información en Internet ....................... 50 2.6 Privacidad e Internet ........................................................................................................................... 51 2.7 Iniciativas de ley sobre acceso a Internet ......................................................................................... 58 2.8 Internet como plataforma para los derechos comunicativos en Costa Rica ............................... 61 2.9 Libertad de informar en Internet en Costa Rica ............................................................................. 64 2.10 Consideraciones finales ................................................................................................................... 79 CAPÍTULO 3 - Iniciativas de ley sobre libertad de expresión y derecho a la información ...............81 3.1 Introducción ........................................................................................................................................ 81 3.2 Libertad de expresión, Derecho a la Información y Asamblea Legislativa .................................. 84 3.3 Consideraciones finales .................................................................................................................... 100 CAPÍTULO 4 - Regulación de la radiodifusión en Costa Rica: la perspectiva de los movimientos sociales .................................................................................103 4.1 Introducción ...................................................................................................................................... 103 4.2 Antecedentes ...................................................................................................................................... 105 4.3 Libertad de expresión y derecho a la comunicación .................................................................... 111 4.4 Deficiencias de la actual legislación ................................................................................................ 114 CONTENIDOS 3 4.5 Aspectos a incluir en una nueva legislación ................................................................................. 122 4.6 Contenidos generales de una nueva legislación de radio y televisión ........................................ 122 4.7 Consideraciones finales .................................................................................................................... 130 CAPÍTULO 5 - Concentración y transnacionalización de medios en Costa Rica: Caso Albavisión ............................................................................................................................135 5.1 Introducción ...................................................................................................................................... 135 5.2 Concentración mediática: definiciones, mediciones y regulaciones .......................................... 136 5.3 Radiodifusión audiovisual en Costa Rica ...................................................................................... 145 5.4 Cobertura, usos y canon ................................................................................................................... 158 5.5 Caso Albavisión y la transnacionalización de medios ................................................................. 164 5.6 Consideraciones finales ................................................................................................................... 170 CAPÍTULO 6 - Asignación de la publicidad oficial en los medios de comunicación nacionales, período 2015-2016 .......................................................................................................................173 6.1 Introducción ...................................................................................................................................... 173 6.2 La publicidad oficial: consideraciones normativas ....................................................................... 175 6.3 Asignación de publicidad oficial en Costa Rica ............................................................................ 176 6.4 Gasto en publicidad oficial durante el año 2015 ........................................................................... 178 6.5 Gasto en publicidad oficial durante el año 2016 ........................................................................... 200 6.6 Consideraciones finales .................................................................................................................... 220 TEMAS PARA DEBATE ...................................................................................................................223 Dimensiones para la evaluación del desarrollo mediático en clave de ciudadanía comunicativa ........................................................................................................................ 223 Comunicación y democracia en las sociedades altamente mediatizadas ....................................... 223 En el camino de la democracia mediática ........................................................................................... 225 Evaluando el desarrollo mediático para una ciudadanía comunicativa ........................................... 227 Principios y dimensiones para una propuesta nacional ..................................................................... 230 REFERENCIAS POR CAPÍTULO ......................................................................................................235 4 PRIMER INFORME DEL ESTADO DE LA LIBERTAD DE EXPRESIÓN EN COSTA RICA PRESENTACIÓN l Programa de Libertad de Expresión, nuevo marco regulatorio sobre servicios Derecho a la Información y Opinión de radiodifusión sonora y televisiva, las EPública (Proledi) y el Centro de Investigación propuestas de regulación de los derechos en Comunicación (Cicom) de la Universidad comunicativos, los desafíos de la libertad de Costa Rica (UCR) se complacen en de expresión en Internet, el estado de la presentar, a la comunidad académica y concentración mediática y la situación de la nacional, el primer Informe temático sobre el publicidad oficial en Costa Rica. estado de la libertad de expresión y el derecho a la información en Costa Rica. El primer capítulo se ocupa de la situación actual del marco jurídico La libertad de expresión es uno de los costarricense en materia de libertad de derechos más preciados en las sociedades expresión y acceso a la información pública democráticas contemporáneas, por lo que y nos acerca a los contenidos más relevantes resulta esencial crear espacios para el debate de la vasta jurisprudencia constitucional. abierto y transparente sobre las condiciones Costa Rica no cuenta con una ley marco de en que se ejerce esa libertad. En general, acceso a la información pública aunque, en los desafíos de la libre expresión de ideas y el último
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