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Quaintmere, Max (2018) Aspects of memory in medieval Irish literature. PhD thesis. https://theses.gla.ac.uk/9026/ Copyright and moral rights for this work are retained by the author A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge This work cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the author The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the author When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given Enlighten: Theses https://theses.gla.ac.uk/ [email protected] Aspects of Memory in Medieval Irish Literature Max Quaintmere MA, MSt (Oxon.) Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of Humanities College of Arts University of Glasgow September 2017 Abstract This thesis explores a number of topics centred around the theme of memory in relation to medieval Irish literature roughly covering the period 600—1200 AD but considering, where necessary, material later than this date. Firstly, based on the current scholarship in memory studies focused on the Middle Ages, the relationship between medieval thought on memory in Ireland is compared with its broader European context. From this it becomes clear that Ireland, whilst sharing many parallels with European thought during the early Middle Ages based on a shared literary inheritance from the Christian and late-classical worlds, does not experience the same renaissance in memory theory that occurred in European universities from the thirteenth century onwards. -
Ogham-The-Druidic-Play
Ogham (A Druidic Play1) by Susa Morgan Black, Druid (OBOD) Characters: Celtic Deities: Name Description Suggested Prop or tool Nemetona NEH-MEH- Celtic Goddess of Sacred Robed in the colors of the TONA Groves and forests forest – greens and browns Duine Glas DOON-YEH - The Green Man Green foliage, Celtic torque GLAS Druid Fellowship: Name Description Suggested Prop or tool Druid Master of Ceremonies, Druid staff or shepherd’s dressed in white robe and crook; or scythe and gold tabard (or plain white mistletoe robe with no tabard) Ovate Seer; dressed in white robe Ogham cards in ogham and green tabard bowl, Druid wand Bards Poets, Musicians; dressed Harp or Zither; in white robe and blue Drum tabard Nymphs Dressed as fairies Fairy wands, flowers, etc. The Ogham Trees (in one of the traditional ogham orders, Beth Luis Fearn). Each tree should have a sign with their tree name printed in Gaelic and English, so that they can be easily found at the time of divination Name Description Suggested Prop or tool Beith (Birch) BEHTH A young, energetic maiden white shawl Luis (Rowan) LOOSH A witchy, sexy woman sheer red veil Fearn (Alder) FARN A strong determined man, a Building tools (perhaps a “bridge builder” hammer) Saille (Willow) SALL-YEH A mysterious lunar female Luminescent shimmering veil Nunn (Ash) NOON A stalwart guardian tree Spear Huathe (Hawthorn) HOO- The playful May Queen Green and white finery with AH a floral wreath Duir (Oak) DOO-OR Regal Male, Druid King of Oak staff, scepter, acorns the Woods Tinne (Holly) TCHEEN- Young male warrior -
Answers and Solutions
191 ANSWERS AND SOLUTIONS ~ds a column POEMS IN PRAISE OF ENGLISH PHONOLOGY Charles F. Hockett ment on arti lough need for 1. stop 2. spirant 3. labial, laminal, dorsal 4. lateral, retroflex, nasal 5. voiceless 6. voiceless 7. voiceless, obstruent 8. nasal but let I s 9. voicele s s 10. labial rench-Ian AN OLYMPIC QUIZ Darryl Francis ure Potenti Horrors of myopical, diplomacy, cephalodymia, polydemoniac, polysemantic, ecita1 of the polymicrobic, mycoplasmic, compliancy, cytoplasmic, microphysi cle on OuLiPo cal, polyschematic Lge example polymicroscope, cosmopolicy, lycopersicum, lycopodium/polycod ~y, hate-shy ium, polygamistic, cryptoglioma, hypokalemic, polypharmic, poly you ex-wise mathie, myelopathic, polyhemic, lipothymic polychromia, polychromin, polytrichum, polystichum, impolicy, lms, Profes mispolicy, compliably, myopically, pyromellitic, symptomical, :h Phonologyll cryptonemiales, polyatomic : a princess in .ins no bilabials polysomatic, polynomic, cypselomorphic, polymicrian, policymak er, microtypal, pyrometrical, polymeric, microcephal y /pyrochem ical, polycormic, polydromic, polymastic es of the is sue ge as this can spatilomancy, cyps eliform, compre s sively, myeloplastic, polysomic, , and I try to polycrotism, polycentrism, polymetameric, polymythic, complicity, ~ar in rough compositely, polyonymic llC e of printing , to the problem. PRIMER TIME Ralph G. Beaman the se copie s however, if 'two letter s, T and A, are used in this alphabet primer to form the ed. (Don't tliree-Ietter words TAA, TAB, TAC, etc. Two imperfect words are TAFe and TAQlid. -- Adventuret! KlCKSHAWS Philip M. Cohen mprehensive Heful study. Jabberwocky: The vicar Bwigs chilled bubbly in the parish too. litd in defining If you try this with II Jabberwocky" you'll find it much less ::annot stomach; amenable, but some changes are possible. -
Auraicept Na Néces: a Diachronic Study
Auraicept na nÉces: A Diachronic Study With an Edition from The Book of Uí Mhaine Nicolai Egjar Engesland A dissertation submitted for the degree of Philosophiae Doctor The 20th of October 2020 Department of Linguistics and Scandinavian Studies Faculty of Humanities University of Oslo τῳ φωτί τῆς οἰκίας Foreword First and foremost, I would like to thank my supervisor Mikael Males at the Department of Linguistics and Scandinavian Studies at the University of Oslo for his untiring support and crucial input to the project at all stages. His enthusiasm for the field is unmatched. Der var intet valg, kun fremad, ordren ville lyde: døden eller Grønlands vestkyst. Secondly, I would like to thank Jan Erik Rekdal for having co-supervised the project and for having introduced me to the fascinating field of Irish philology and to Conamara. I would like to thank Pádraic Moran for valuable help with the evaluation of my work this spring and for useful feedback also during the conference on the dating of Old Norse and Celtic texts here in Oslo and on my visit to the National University of Ireland Galway last autumn. A number of improvements to the text and to the argumentation are due to his criticism. The community at NUI Galway has been very welcoming and I would like to show my gratitude to Michael Clarke and Clodagh Downey for accommodating us during our trip. Clarke also provided me with profitable feedback during the initial part of my work and has been a steady source of inspiration at conferences and workshops both in Ireland and in Norway. -
Aspects of Verbal Noun Constructions in Medieval Irish and Welsh
Aspects of Verbal Noun C onstructions in Medieval Irish and Welsh Aspects of VerbalWith RNounefere nConstructionsce to Similar in Medieval ConIrishstruc tandions Welshin Basque With Reference to Similar Constructions in Basque Patricia Ronan Patricia Ronan PhD Dissertation National University of Ireland, Maynooth Supervisor: Prof. K. R. McCone August 2006 2 Abstract This study provides a survey of the constructions of verbal nouns with prep- ositions that are used in a significant way, such as creating syntactic and semantic contexts not found with ordinary nouns. Particular emphasis is placed on constructions serving to denote tense, mood and aspect. Also some syntactic contexts involving verbal nouns as objects are examined. This ma- terial has been collected primarily from Old and Middle Irish texts, but some reference is made to Modern Irish where this seems helpful in order to illus- trate developments. The observations made are compared to findings on the use of verbal nouns in a closely related language, Middle Welsh, and an unrelated, non-Indo-European language, Basque. The discussion of the Me- dieval Irish material is followed by the evaluation of an illustrative corpus of Middle Welsh data and available descriptions of Welsh verbal nouns. Paral- lel constructions in these Insular Celtic languages are then brought together in order to assess which prepositional verbal noun constructions might have been a feature of Insular Celtic. Data from Basque is compared to the find- ings for Insular Celtic. The results seek to identify the language specific features of Old Irish verbal nouns and a common core of verbal noun usage in Insular Celtic as opposed to other usages adopted by a non-Indo-European sample language. -
Ogham Course
Whispering Woods Ogham Course The Ogham alphabet consists of twenty distinct letters which are known as "feda". They are arranged in four series called aicmí (plural of aicme "family"). Each aicme was named after its first character (Aicme Beithe, Aicme hÚatha, Aicme Muine, Aicme Ailme, or "the B Group", "the H Group", "the M Group" and "the A Group"). The Ogham Tract also gives a variety of around 100 variant or secret modes of writing Ogham (92 in the Book of Ballymote), for example the "Shield Ogham" (ogam airenach, nr. 73). Even the Younger Futhark is introduced as a kind of "Viking Ogham" (nrs. 91, 92). The Druids of yore were said to be very efficient at Ogham writing and signing. Whispering Woods Ogham Course - Lesson One The Ogham "OH-ehm" alphabet is referred to as "beth luis nion". The name represents the names of the first, second, and fifth letters of the Ogham alphabet. The letters themselves consist of one to five perpendicular or angled strokes, meeting or crossing a center line. These letters were often inscribed in wood or stone. The alphabet itself consists of twenty letters and five diphthongs. The first twenty letters are divided into three sets of five consonants and one set of five vowels. The five diphthongs were thought to have been added later to ease the transition from Latin to ancient Irish. There is an understanding that the names of the main twenty letters are also the names of 20 trees which are sacred to the druids. Vowels were sometimes described as a combination of dots. -
Babelstone: the Ogham Stones of the Isle Of
BabelStone Thursday, 30 June 2011 The Ogham Stones of the Isle of Man • The Ogham Stones of Cornwall and Devon • The Ogham Stones of Wales • The Ogham Stones of Scotland • The Ogham Stones of the Isle of Man • The Ogham Stones of Ireland • The Ogham Stones of Elsewhere The Isle of Man, situated midway between Ireland and Britain, has always been at a sea-faring crossroads, and over the centuries has been exposed to influences from many different cultures. This is well reflected in the relatively large number of monumental inscriptions that have survived on the island, which include both runestones and Ogham stones, exhibiting a mixture of Irish, British, Pictish and Norse influences. Location of Ogham Inscriptions in the Isle of Man Red tags mark the sites of certain Ogham inscriptions (a dot indicates that the stone is in situ) Blue tags mark museums or other sites where Ogham stones are held The Manx Ogham inscriptions are a heterogeneous group with a wide age span, some perhaps dating to as early as the 5th century, and others dating to as late as the 12th century. Typifying the fusion of Irish and Norse cultures on the island during the medieval period (9th through 13th centuries) are two unique monuments that combine Norse Runic inscriptions and Ogham inscriptions on the same stone : • Maughold Stone (MAUGH/2) • Kirk Michael Stone (KMICH/1) The Maughold stone is a plain, flat stone with a line of Norse runes reading "John the Priest cut these runes" running across its centre, below which is inscribed the sixteen-letter "younger fuþark" in short twig runes. -
15 Life on Land Ogham – Family/Friend Tree Activity
Book: Seeds of Change by Jen Cullerton Johnson Global Goal: 15 Life on Land Ogham – Family/Friend Tree Activity The main character in the book , Wangari Maathai , was an inspirational woman, who dedicated her life to creating a better natural environment in Kenya by organising communities to plant over a million trees. We are connecting the storybook and activities to the Global Goal 15: Life on land. The aim is to encourage personal connection, local action and global awareness. A stark statistic is that only 2% of Ireland is covered by native trees, the lowest in the EU. Did you know.. • Irish culture has its own special connection to trees! • The earliest form of writing found in Ireland is called Ogham (dated around 400AD). • Lettering was formed by a series of lines. • Eight of the letters are thought to be linked to native trees of Ireland; Birch, alder, willow, oak, hazel, pine, ash and yew. This gives us an indication of the importance of trees in early Irish society As well as letters being linked to trees, some scholars have suggested there could well have been an Ogham tree calendar, so you can find your birth month tree. There is also lots of Irish folklore about the powers of each tree. Can you find your birth tree in the chart below? What powers and uses does your birth tree have? Ogham letter Month in Irish Tree Tree calendar I Idad Yew 1 Nov - 28 Nov A Ailm Scots Pine 29 Nov - 26 Dec B Beith Birch 27 Dec - 23 Jan L Luis Rowan 24 Jan - 20 Feb F Fern Alder 21 Feb - 20 Mar S Sail Willow 21 Mar - 17 April H Huath Hawthorn 18 April - 15 May O Onn Ash 16 May - 12 June D Dair Oak 13 June - 10 July T Tinne Holly 11 July - 7 Aug C Coll Hazel 8 Aug - 4 Sept Q Qert Apple 5 Sept - 2 Oct R Ruis Elder 3 Oct - 30 Oct Why not draw your own Family or Friend Tree! Find the tree and Ogham symbol on the charts above that represents you along with the ones that represent your family or friends. -
1. Beith/Berk 2
1. BEITH/BERK 2. LUIS/LIJSTERBES 3. FEARN/ELS 4. SAILLE/WILG 5. NUIN/ES 6. HUATHE/MEIDOORN 7. DUIR/EIK 8. TINNE/HULST INHOUD Voorwoord – 5 Inleiding tot de Keltische bomenkalender – 6 Je geboorteboom – 11 Kaartleggingen – 13 BOODSCHAPPEN VAN DE KAARTEN 1. Beith/Berk – 22 14. Straif/Sleedoorn – 60 2. Luis/Lijsterbes – 25 15. Ruis/Vlier – 63 3. Fearn/Els – 28 16. Ailim/Zilverspar – 66 4. Saille/Wilg – 31 17. Ohn/Stekelbrem – 69 5. Nuin/Es – 34 18. Ur/Heide, Maretak – 72 6. Huathe/Meidoorn – 37 19. Eadha/Ratelpopulier, Esp – 76 7. Duir/Eik – 40 20. Ioho/Taxus – 79 8. Tinne/Hulst – 43 21. Koad/Heilig bosje – 82 9. Coll/Hazelaar – 46 22. Oir/Kardinaalsmuts – 85 10. Quert/Appelboom – 49 23. Uilleand/Kamperfoelie – 88 11. Muin/Wijnstok – 52 24. Phagos/Beuk – 91 12. Gort/Klimop – 55 25. Mor/De zee – 94 13. Ngetal/Riet – 58 Bijlage – 98 Over de auteur – 111 Over de illustrator – 112 33 4 VOORWOORD De bomen zijn onze aloude leraren. Ze bezitten wijsheid en kennis die wij nodig hebben om te overleven en gelukkig te zijn – zonder hen kun- nen we niet leven. Bomen zijn de longen van onze planeet: ze zorgen voor de zuurstof die we inademen en filteren giftige stoffen uit onze lucht. Bovendien ondersteunen ze de cyclus waardoor het regent en we zuiver drinkwater hebben, het land niet uitdroogt en zowel wijzelf als alle flora en fauna op aarde kunnen leven. Als rentmeesters van deze schitterende planeet hebben we er alle belang bij de bomen te verzorgen en te respecteren. Door onze liefde, dankbaarheid en verbinding dragen we bij tot het overleven van deze wijze wezens. -
“Ogam - Eine Frühe Keltische Schrifterfindung” Von Jost Gippert (1992)
1 Achtung! Dies ist eine Internet-Sonderausgabe der Publikation “Ogam - eine frühe keltische Schrifterfindung” von Jost Gippert (1992). Sie sollte nicht zitiert werden. Zitate sind der Originalausgabe Prag 1992 [1993] (Lectiones eruditorum extraneorum in facultate philosophica Universitatis Carolinae Pragensis factae, 1) zu entnehmen. Attention! This is a special internet edition of the publication “Ogam - eine frühe keltische Schrifterfindung” by Jost Gippert (1992). It should not be quoted as such. For quotations, please refer to the original edition, Prague 1992 [1993] (Lectiones eruditorum extraneorum in facultate philosophica Universitatis Carolinae Pragensis factae, 1). Alle Rechte vorbehalten / All rights reserved: Jost Gippert, Frankfurt 2011 OGAM Eine frühe keltische Schrifterfindung Jost Gippert, Bamberg Das Aufblühen der keltischen Sprachwissenschaft im vergangenen Jahrhundert ist mit Bamberg und dem oberfränkischen Gebiet durch Johann Kaspar ZEUSS und seine 1853 erschienene "Grammatica Celtica" aufs engste verbunden. Es ist ZEUSS’ unabstreitbares Verdienst, die geschichtliche Erforschung der keltischen Sprachen, v.a. des Irischen und Kymrischen, durch eine konsequen- te Sammlung und Auswertung der ältesten handschriftlichen Zeugnisse erst- mals auf eine solide Grundlage gestellt zu haben. Im Falle des Altirischen handelt es sich bei diesen Zeugnissen hauptsächlich um Glossen, mit denen lateinische Handschriften z.B. aus Würzburg, St. Gallen und Mailand ver- sehen sind, die wir den im 8. und 9. Jh. in Mitteleuropa missionierenden irischen Mönchen zu verdanken haben. Nur am Rande verwertet hat ZEUSS hingegen eine zweite Kategorie alter Sprachdenkmäler, die die irische Sprachgeschichte sogar noch wesentlich weiter zurückzuverfolgen gestattet. Es handelt sich um eine nur auf den britischen Inseln vorzufindende Abart von in Stein gehauenen Inschriften, die sog. Ogaminschriften, von denen heute ca. -
8-Bit Single-Byte Graphic Coded Character Set for Ogham I.S
I.S. 434:1999 IRISH STANDARD CAIGHDEÁN ÉIREANNACH ICS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY – TEICNEOLAÍOCHT EOLAIS – 8-BIT SINGLE-BYTE GRAPHIC TACAR CARACHTAR GRAFACH CODED CHARACTER SET FOR OGHAIM CÓDAITHE GO OGHAM hAONBHEARTACH LE 8 nGIOTÁN This Irish Standard was published, in one official Caighdeán Éireannach é seo a foilsíodh in aon bilingual version in Irish and English, under the eagrán dátheangach amháin, as Gaeilge agus i authority of the National Standards Authority of mBéarla, faoi údarás an Údaráis Náisiúnta um Ireland and comes into effect on: Chaighdeáin na hÉireann, agus a mbeidh feidhm 1999-xx-xx leis ar an: 1999-xx-xx NO COPYING WITHOUT NSAI PERMISSION COSC AR A CHÓIPEÁIL GAN CEAD CHUIGE SIN EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Ó NSAI, NÓ DE RÉIR MAR A CHEADAÍONN DLÍ AN CHÓIPCHIRT National Standards Údarás Náisiúnta Authority of Ireland um Chaighdeáin na hÉireann Dublin 9 Baile Átha Cliath 9 Telephone/Guthán: +353 1 807-3800 Telefax/Facsa: +353 1 807-3838 © NSAI 1999 Price code/Cód luacha: E Page/Lch. 2 Information technology — 8-bit single-byte graphic coded character set for Ogham I.S. 434:1999 Teicneolaíocht eolais — Tacar carachtar grafach Oghaim códaithe go haonbheartach le 8 ngiotán DECLARATION FÓGRA OF SONRAÍOCHTA SPECIFICATION DAR ENTITLED TEIDEAL INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY — TEICNEOLAÍOCHT EOLAIS — 8-BIT SINGLE-BYTE GRAPHIC CODED TACAR CARACHTAR GRAFACH OGHAIM CHARACTER SET FOR OGHAM CÓDAITHE GO hAONBHEARTACH LE 8 nGIOTÁN AS MAR THE IRISH STANDARD SHONRAÍOCHT CHAIGHDEÁNACH SPECIFICATION FOR ÉIREANNACH DO INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY — 8-BIT THEICNEOLAÍOCHT EOLAIS — TACAR SINGLE-BYTE GRAPHIC CODED CARACHTAR GRAFACH OGHAIM CHARACTER SET FOR OGHAM CÓDAITHE GO hAONBHEARTACH LE 8 nGIOTÁN NSAI in exercise of the power conferred by Lena chumhacht faoi chuid 16(3) den Acht section 16(3) of the National Standards um Údarás Náisiúnta um Chaighdeáin na Authority of Ireland Act, 1996 (No. -
A Fragment of an Early Modern Tract on Grammar and Metrics
A fragment of an early modern tract on grammar and metrics Gordon Ó Riain INTRODUCTION HIS CONTRIBUTION presents an edition, with textual notes and translation, of Ta fragment of a tract which is concerned with the formation of compound words and alliteration. The contents of the text are examined in detail and the relationship in which it stands to the other grammatical and metrical tracts is addressed. A treatment of selected technical terminology and alliteration with the letter p is also provided. The fragment has, to the present writer’s knowledge, hitherto received no scholarly attention and is published here for the first time.1 MANUSCRIPT The text which is the concern of this study is preserved on a single, loose slip of vellum which is stored with UCD-OFM A 4.2 That codex is relatively well known as it preserves a copy of Acallam na Senórach which was used by Stokes in his edition of that text to supply additional passages not found in other manuscripts.3 By way of contrast, the slip has hitherto been mostly unknown to scholarship. It had been inserted loosely into A 4 before the Franciscan manuscripts were transferred to UCD Archives and is now preserved in a separate pouch. At an earlier stage, the slip formed part of a miscellaneous 1I am grateful to Pádraig A. Breatnach and Caoimhín Breatnach for reading a draft of this essay. All translations are by the present writer unless otherwise indicated. 2See Dillon, Mooney and de Brún (1969: 10–12). 3Stokes (1900: x–xii). 131 DIAS-006.indb 131 10/24/17 7:07 PM 132 GOR D ON Ó RIAIN assortment of fragments numbered A 31 in the same collection.4 It is described as follows in the Catalogue of Irish Manuscripts in the Franciscan Library Killiney where it is tentatively dated to the sixteenth century: A slip of vellum folded into two leaves has been inserted loosely into MS.