Moral Injury
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Moral Injury: a British Perspective
King’s Research Portal Link to publication record in King's Research Portal Citation for published version (APA): Ellner, A. (2017). Moral Injury: A British Perspective. In B. Allenby, A. Ellner, & T. Frame (Eds.), Moral Injury: Towards an International Perspective (pp. 34-38) Citing this paper Please note that where the full-text provided on King's Research Portal is the Author Accepted Manuscript or Post-Print version this may differ from the final Published version. If citing, it is advised that you check and use the publisher's definitive version for pagination, volume/issue, and date of publication details. And where the final published version is provided on the Research Portal, if citing you are again advised to check the publisher's website for any subsequent corrections. General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the Research Portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognize and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. •Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the Research Portal for the purpose of private study or research. •You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain •You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the Research Portal Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 23. -
Caring Connections C O N T E N T S
VOLUME 10 NUMBER 1 Winter 2013 An Inter-Lutheran Journal for Practitioners and Teachers of Pastoral Care and Counseling CARING CONNECTIONS C O N T E N T S Light in the Darkness: Hope, Resilience and Moral Injury 3 The Purpose of Caring Connections 4 Editorial Chuck Weinrich 6 Spiritual Care and Moral Injury in Service Members George Handzo 9 Spiritual Resiliency and Moral Injury: Community, Advocacy, and Care Janet Ramsey 13 Martin Luther’s Consolation: An Approach to Pastoral Care for the Morally Injured William R. Russell 18 Self-Inflicted Harm Among Military Veterans: Our Militarized Society’s Cry for Help: Part Two Amy Blumenshine 21 Remedy for Moral Injury Mark Schreiber 24 Sacrifice, Moral Injury, and the Work of Healing after War Kelly Denton-Borhaug 28 Moral Injury: Learning from and Caring for the Sufferers Mel Jacob 32 Resources, Announcements, Events Book Review by Brian McCaffrey 34 How to Subscribe THE PURPOSE OF CARING CONNECTIONS Caring Connections: An Inter-Lutheran Journal for Practitioners and Teachers of Pastoral Care and Counseling is written by and for Lutheran practitioners and educators in the fields of pastoral care, counseling, and education. Seeking to promote both breadth and depth of reflection on the theology and practice of ministry in the Lutheran tradi- tion, Caring Connections intends to be academically informed, yet readable; solidly grounded in the practice of ministry; and theologically probing. Caring Connections seeks to reach a broad readership, including chaplains, pastoral counselors, seminary faculty and other teachers in academic settings, clinical educa- tors, synod and district leaders, others in specialized ministries and — not least — concerned congregational pastors and laity. -
Identities Under Construction: Iraq War, Life Writing and American National
Hacettepe University Graduate School of Social Sciences Department of American Culture and Literature IDENTITIES UNDER CONSTRUCTION: IRAQ WAR, LIFE WRITING AND AMERICAN NATIONAL IDENTITY Merve Özman Kaya Ph. D. Dissertation Ankara, 2015 IDENTITIES UNDER CONSTRUCTION: IRAQ WAR, LIFE WRITING AND AMERICAN NATIONAL IDENTITY Merve Özman Kaya Hacettepe University Graduate School of Social Sciences Department of American Culture and Literature Ph. D. Dissertation Ankara, 2015 iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This dissertation would not have been possible except for the contributions of many hearts and minds over the years. First and foremost I would like to thank my supervisor Assoc. Prof. Dr. Bilge Mutluay Çetintaş for her invaluable guidance and understanding at all times. I am also largely indebted to Prof. Dr. Belgin Elbir, Prof. Dr. Meldan Tanrısal, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Özlem Uzundemir, and Assist. Prof. Dr. Barış Gümüşbaş for their critical insights in completing this project. Next, I would like to acknowledge the support of each and every member of the Department of American Culture and Literature for providing me with the necessary working conditions for writing this dissertation which I greatly appreciate. Last but not the least, I’d like to thank my beautiful little family, my loving husband, and my precious friends from the bottom of my heart for always being there for me whenever I needed their support. iv ÖZET Özman Kaya, Merve. Yapım Aşamasında Kimlik: Irak Savaşı, Yaşam Yazını ve Amerikan Milli Kimliği, Doktora Tezi, Ankara, 2015. Yaşam anlatıları, özellikle savaş yazını örnekleri, ulusların kültürel tarihinin birer parçasıdır. Bu anlatılar milli söylemi ve bu söylemin öngördüğü milli kimlik anlayışını canlandırma veya gözden düşürme potansiyeline sahiptir. -
Role of Morality in the Experience of Guilt and Shame Within the Armed Forces
Act a Psychiatrica Scandinavica Acta Psychiatr Scand2015: 132: 4-19 © 2015 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wlley & Sons Ltd All rights reserved ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA DOlFlO. 1111/acps. 12406 Review Role of morality in the experience of guilt and shame within the armed forces Nazarov A, Jetly R, McNeely H, Kiang M, Lanius R, McKinnon MC. A. Nazarov1:2, R. Jetly3-4,. Role of morality in the experience of guilt and shame within the armed H. McNeely1'5, M. Kia'ng1-8-7,. forces. R. Lanius8; M. C. McKmnon1-2-9 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Objective: Despite advances in our understanding of mental health Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, issues among military forces, a large proportion of military personnel 2Mood Disorders Program, St. Joseph's Healthcare continue to exhibit deployment-related psychological issues. Recent Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Department of National work has identified symptoms of guilt and shame related to moral Defence, Government of Canada, Ottawa, ON, injury as contributing significantly to combat-related mental health ''Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, issues. This systematic scoping review explores the association between Ottawa, ON, 'Clinical Neuropsychology Sen/ice, St. morality and symptoms of guilt and shame within military forces. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Method: A search of the literature pertaining to guilt, shame and Department of Psychiaby, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, morality within military samples was conducted. Toronto, ON , Department of Psychiatry, University of Results: Nineteen articles were selected for review. There is strong Western Ontario, London. ON and Homewood evidence linking exposure to and the perceived perpetration of moral Research Institute, Guelph, ON, Canada transgressions with experiences of guilt and shame. -
A Compassionate Nudge
A COMPASSIONATE NUDGE THE ANCIENT BUDDHIST PSYCHOLOGY AND PRACTICE OF DEPENDENT ORIGINATION AS A MEANS OF HEALING WAR-RELATED MORAL INJURY King’s College of London Department of Defence Analysis Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for a Degree of Master of Fine Arts Word Count: 14982 1 INTRODUCTION: WAR STRIPS YOU OF ALL...BELIEFS War changes you, changes you. Strips you, strips you of all your beliefs, your religion, takes your dignity away, you become an animal.1 - Anonymous veteran The notion of “moral injury” is neither new nor novel. Although the term only re-entered conversation over the past decade, the wound is intrinsic to all war, as the following accounts demonstrate: Doug Anderson served as a U.S. Marine Corp corpsman in Vietnam. On his first day in country he knew that something was terribly wrong. A squad leader beat an old man for no reason other than being Vietnamese. His fellow Marines no longer cared what the war was about or why they were all fighting and dying. Anderson felt that there was no longer a noble cause or strategy, only survival. His first patrol was the beginning of his education. “An immense darkness opened under me” he said.2 “What I saw that day in these men was a kind of soul damage.”3 Chester Nez was a U.S. Marine Navajo Code Talker in the Second World War. After returning home he tried to return to his past self, but his “memories were not peaceful like those of [his] grandparents, father, siblings, and extended family.” 4 Nez later said, “The dead Japanese wouldn’t let me sleep or function normally. -
The Story of Moral Injury in the Context of War
La Salle University La Salle University Digital Commons Th.D. Dissertations Scholarship 4-11-2018 Echoes In The Depths Of Conscience: The Story Of Moral Injury In The Context Of War William Barbee La Salle University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lasalle.edu/religion_thd Recommended Citation Barbee, William, "Echoes In The Depths Of Conscience: The Story Of Moral Injury In The Context Of War" (2018). Th.D. Dissertations. 5. https://digitalcommons.lasalle.edu/religion_thd/5 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Scholarship at La Salle University Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Th.D. Dissertations by an authorized administrator of La Salle University Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. La Salle University School of Arts and Sciences Graduate Program in Theology and Ministry Dissertation Echoes In The Depths Of Conscience: The Story Of Moral Injury In The Context Of War By William T. Barbee (B.A., David Lipscomb College; M.Div., Oakland City College; M.S. Tarleton State University) Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Theology 2018 Copyright © 2018 by William T. Barbee All rights reserved For all the men and women who have worn the cloth of our Nation and have borne the wounds and scars of her wars. May they find hope, healing, and home. For all the families who have stood beside their soldier, sailor, marine, or airman and held them in their hearts. -
Moral Injury and Moral Repair in War Veterans: a Preliminary Model and Intervention Strategy
Clinical Psychology Review 29 (2009) 695–706 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Clinical Psychology Review Moral injury and moral repair in war veterans: A preliminary model and intervention strategy a,b, a a c c Brett T. Litz ⁎, Nathan Stein , Eileen Delaney , Leslie Lebowitz , William P. Nash , a d Caroline Silva , Shira Maguen a National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, United States b Boston University, United States c Newton, Massachusetts, United States d San Francisco VA Medical Center, University of California at San Francisco, United States article info abstract Keywords: Throughout history, warriors have been confronted with moral and ethical challenges and modern unconventional Moral injury and guerilla wars amplify these challenges. Potentially morally injurious events, such as perpetrating, failing to Iraq War prevent, or bearing witness to acts that transgress deeply held moral beliefs and expectations may be deleterious in Afghanistan the long-term, emotionally, psychologically, behaviorally, spiritually, and socially (what we label as moral injury). OIF Although there has been some research on the consequences of unnecessary acts of violence in war zones, the OEF lasting impact of morally injurious experience in war remains chiefly unaddressed. To stimulate a critical examination of moral injury, we review the available literature, define terms, and offer a working conceptual framework and a set of intervention strategies designed to repair moral injury. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Contents 1. Introduction .............................................................. 696 2. What might be potentially morally injurious in war? ........................................... 696 3. Research on military atrocities and killing ................................................ 697 4. What aspects of existing theory might explain moral injury? ....................................... 698 5. -
War Was Either Going to Be a Skeleton in My Closet
Smith ScholarWorks Theses, Dissertations, and Projects 2016 "War was either going to be a skeleton in my closet or I could try to make it something else" : an exploration of moral injury, moral repair, and veteran anti-war activism Zoe Rose Rudow Smith College Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.smith.edu/theses Part of the Social Work Commons Recommended Citation Rudow, Zoe Rose, ""War was either going to be a skeleton in my closet or I could try to make it something else" : an exploration of moral injury, moral repair, and veteran anti-war activism" (2016). Masters Thesis, Smith College, Northampton, MA. https://scholarworks.smith.edu/theses/1737 This Masters Thesis has been accepted for inclusion in Theses, Dissertations, and Projects by an authorized administrator of Smith ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Zoe Rose Rudow “War Was Either Going To Be A Skeleton In My Closet Or I Could Try To Make It Something Else”: An Exploration of Moral Injury, Moral Repair, and Veteran Anti-War Activism ABSTRACT This exploratory study investigates the impact of collective anti-war organizing on veterans’ experiences of moral injury. Moral injury refers to the emotional, psychological, and spiritual unrest that emerges as the result of “perpetrating, failing to prevent, [or] bearing witness to… acts that transgress deeply held moral beliefs and expectations” in the context of war (Litz et al., 2009, p 695). While current literature centers treatment for moral injury through clinical interventions, this study investigates if and how anti-war activism can provide a process for moral repair. -
Litz Et Al (2009)
Clinical Psychology Review 29 (2009) 695–706 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Clinical Psychology Review Moral injury and moral repair in war veterans: A preliminary model and intervention strategy Brett T. Litz a,b,⁎, Nathan Stein a, Eileen Delaney a, Leslie Lebowitz c, William P. Nash c, Caroline Silva a, Shira Maguen d a National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, United States b Boston University, United States c Newton, Massachusetts, United States d San Francisco VA Medical Center, University of California at San Francisco, United States article info abstract Keywords: Throughout history, warriors have been confronted with moral and ethical challenges and modern unconventional Moral injury and guerilla wars amplify these challenges. Potentially morally injurious events, such as perpetrating, failing to Iraq War prevent, or bearing witness to acts that transgress deeply held moral beliefs and expectations may be deleterious in Afghanistan the long-term, emotionally, psychologically, behaviorally, spiritually, and socially (what we label as moral injury). OIF Although there has been some research on the consequences of unnecessary acts of violence in war zones, the OEF lasting impact of morally injurious experience in war remains chiefly unaddressed. To stimulate a critical examination of moral injury, we review the available literature, define terms, and offer a working conceptual framework and a set of intervention strategies designed to repair moral injury. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Contents 1. Introduction .............................................................. 696 2. What might be potentially morally injurious in war? ........................................... 696 3. Research on military atrocities and killing ................................................ 697 4. What aspects of existing theory might explain moral injury? ....................................... 698 5. -
Effects of Resilience Strength Training on Constructs Associated with Moral Injury Among Veterans
Barth, T. M., et al. (2020). Effects of Resilience Strength Training on Constructs Associated with Moral Injury among Veterans. Journal of Veterans Studies, 6(2), pp. 101–113. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21061/jvs.v6i2.199 RESEARCH Effects of Resilience Strength Training on Constructs Associated with Moral Injury among Veterans Timothy M. Barth1, Charles G. Lord1, Vishal J. Thakkar1 and Rita N. Brock2 1 Texas Christian University, US 2 Volunteers of America, US Corresponding author: Timothy M. Barth ([email protected]) Resilience Strength Training (RST) is a peer specialist program that incorporates a military squad model of group trust and bonding to address problems specific to moral injury (typically involving collapse of meaning or faith, loss of trust, self-isolation, and the failure of relationships). The training program was offered to 97 male and female veterans (ages 24–73) at two Volunteers of America (VOA) affiliates. The veterans com- pleted measures related to moral injury prior to RST training, immediately upon completion, and 6 months after the training. RST significantly improved their reported post-traumatic growth, perceived meaning in life, propensity to trust, dispositional optimism, positive attitudes toward themselves, personal self-esteem, and sleep quality, while decreasing their dependence on both alcohol and sleep medications. These improvements were more pronounced immediately after RST but remained significant on most measures 6 months after training had ended. The results are interpreted as supportive of RST as a vehicle for addressing moral injury in veterans through development of self-calming strategies, communication skills, and self-esteem, as well as development of a peer-supported community with shared experiences. -
Moral Injury and the American Service Member: What Leaders Don’T Talk About When They Talk About War
ABSTRACT Moral Injury and the American Service Member: What Leaders Don’t Talk About When They Talk About War Lieutenant Colonel Douglas A. Pryer describes what moral injury is and how its validity as a mental health condition is supported, not just by a plethora of psychological studies but by a literary tradition that is probably older than the written word. He explores moral injury’s connection to two of the most talked-about trends during America’s recent wars, the U.S. military’s rapidly rising suicide rate and the nation’s growing reliance on remote-controlled weapons. Finally, he discusses how willful ignorance hampers efforts to prevent and treat moral injury and what must be done to overcome such self-delusion. Throughout, he employs impersonal research and intimate personal experience as lamps, using each to strengthen the light of the other in order to better illuminate his core argument: any nation or military that desires to truly honor its warriors must place perceptions of “what is right” at the forefront of its deliberations on when and how to wage war. BIO Lieutenant Colonel Doug Pryer grew up in Southwest Missouri. He graduated Summa Cum Laude with a Bachelor of Arts degree in English from Missouri State University and enlisted in the U.S. Army in 1992. After attending Officer Candidate School in 1995, he commissioned in the military intelligence branch. Since then, he has had several combat deployments and received numerous awards and decorations, including the Bronze Star, Combat Action Badge, and the Parachutist Badge. He graduated with a Master of Military Arts and Sciences (History) from CGSC in 2009. -
Moral Injury
MORAL INJURY Rita Nakashima Brock, Ph.D. Senior Vice President and Director of the Shay Moral Injury Center Volunteers of America, 1660 Duke St., Alexandria, VA 22314 703-341-5000 • [email protected] voa.org Moral Identity and Meaning Increasing evidence from neuroscience 4. Rituals and psychology that human beings are a. Deliver meaning system by enacting born moral and that moral conscience important values in symbolic ways or is part of human empathy, pattern via stories so that they are part of body- making, and social existence. memory as well as conscious memory. “As moral injury takes Content of moral systems and b. Teach meaning and values through individual identity have at least five repeated behavior that includes stories its place in the common dimensions (See Seligman, A, R. P. or other forms of delivering meaning. Weller (2012) Rethinking Pluralism: c. Often bodily re-enactment of a parlance, we need to Ritual, Experience, and Ambiguity. ritual can evoke the emotions of the Oxford.): meaning system. ask what it provides our 1. Habits d. Provide opportunities to enact a. Learned by mimicry, repetition, aspirational aspects of meaning— practice, and coaching. Largely performing ideal self v. real self. consciousness and what subconscious behavior that determines e. Used to integrate ambiguity or daily human interactions. Habitual threats to meaning via story, myth, and behaviors carry moral content. Embed it limits, and how we connection to ideal self. gender, culture, race, and context. 5. Experience could more fully address b. Difficult to change and constitute most moral behavior on a daily basis. a.