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UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA Santa Barbara Moral Injury and The UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Santa Barbara Moral Injury and the Justice-Involved Veteran A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Counseling, Clinical, and School Psychology by Justin Ray Gauthier Committee in charge: Professor Merith Cosden, Chair Professor Steven R. Smith Professor Michael Furlong September 2016 The dissertation of Justin Ray Gauthier is approved. _____________________________________________ Michael Furlong _____________________________________________ Steven R. Smith _____________________________________________ Merith Cosden, Committee Chair May 2015 Moral Injury and the Justice-Involved Veteran Copyright © 2015 by Justin Ray Gauthier iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to acknowledge those who have supported me throughout my graduate studies and dissertation completion. Without you, this accomplishment would not have been possible. First, to my graduate advisor and mentor, Merith Cosden: Your kindness, generosity, wisdom, and professionalism inspire me to be a great psychologist. Your unconditional support, guidance, and devotion to my development have meant so much, and I would not be completing this project without you. I am incredibly honored to be your student. To my co-advisor and committee member Steve Smith, thank you for sharing your wisdom and your dedication to both my personal and professional development. You are a one-of-a-kind mentor. Thank you to Mike Furlong for your service on my committee and the dedication you have shown to my professional growth. Second, this project would not have been possible without the brilliant and passionate North Santa Barbara County Veterans’ Treatment Court interdisciplinary team, who I have had the privilege and pleasure of working with throughout the entirety of my graduate studies. I would like to particularly thank The Honorable Rogelio Flores and Amy Lopez for your assistance throughout this project. The energy and dedication you have for serving veterans is extraordinary. I am extremely proud to have worked alongside both of you. Thank you to my colleague Jessica Larsen and the various graduate and undergraduate students who have assisted in tasks associated with this project. Working with such a talented and enjoyable team has made this experience incredibly rewarding. Third, thank you to the influential mentors and advisors I have had inside and outside the field of psychology. Your support and influence has made me the professional I am today. Last, to my family and friends. Your encouragement and support through this difficult iv journey has made it and one of the most enjoyable periods of my life. In particular, I would like to acknowledge my wonderful and talented friends and future colleagues at the University of California, Santa Barbara. v CURRICULUM VITAE Justin Ray Gauthier, M.A., Ph.D. Candidate May 2015 University of California, Santa Barbara Department of Counseling, Clinical, and School Psychology EDUCATION 2015-2016 Predoctoral Intern Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences Division VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR (APA Accredited) 2013-2016 Doctor of Philosophy in Counseling, Clinical, and School Psychology Emphasis in Clinical Psychology University of California, Santa Barbara (APA Accredited) Advisors: Merith Cosden, Ph.D.; Steven R. Smith, Ph.D. Dissertation Research: “Moral injury and the justice-involved veteran.” Dissertation Defended: May 2015 2011-2013 Master of Arts in Counseling Psychology University of California, Santa Barbara 2005-2009 Bachelor of Arts in Psychology Cum Laude; Psychology Department Honors Augsburg College HONORS AND AWARDS 2014 Dissertation Fellowship University of California, Santa Barbara, Graduate Division Nominated by the Department of Counseling, Clinical, and School Psychology faculty and awarded by a multidisciplinary faculty committee and the Dean of the Graduate Division. Provided comprehensive financial support to allow full attention toward completion of dissertation writing. 2013 Early Career Scholar Award American Psychological Association Div. 50 (Society of Addiction Psychology) and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Awarded for the excellent quality of research presented at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Association. 2013 Outstanding Researcher Award Department of Counseling, Clinical, and School Psychology University of California, Santa Barbara Awarded for dedication to science and quality of published work. vi 2012 Ray E. Hosford Counseling and Psychological Services Clinic Award Hosford Counseling and Psychological Services Clinic University of California, Santa Barbara Awarded for outstanding achievements and contributions to the psychological services clinic. 2007-2009 Reverend & Mrs. George Pauluk Scholarship Augsburg College Awarded to upperclassmen for academic achievement in psychology. 2005-2009 Regents Scholarship Augsburg College Travel Awards 2014 Academic Senate, University of California, Santa Barbara 2014 California Department of Health Care Services 2013 National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism 2013 Society for Personality Assessment 2012-2014 Graduate Student Association, University of California, Santa Barbara 2011-2015 Department of Counseling, Clinical, and School Psychology, University of California, Santa Barbara PEER-REVIEWED PUBLICATIONS Cosden, M., Gauthier, J. R., & Hughes, J. B. (2013). College students’ perspectives on parental notification and parent-student communication on student alcohol use. Journal of Student Affairs Research and Practice, 50(4), 355-464. doi:10.1515/jsarp- 2013-0029 Etter, D., Gauthier, J. R., McDade-Montez, E., Cloitre, M., & Carlson, E. (2013). The role of child maltreatment in the positive affect capacity of psychiatric inpatients. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 4. doi:10.3402/ejpt.v4i0.20771 CONFERENCE PRESENTATIONS AND WORKSHOPS Cosden, M., Koch, L, Gauthier, J. R., & Lopez, A. (2015, July). Vicarious Trauma and Vicarious Posttraumatic Growth Among Service Providers In Problem-Solving Courts. Paper presented at the annual National Association of Drug Court Professional Training Conference, Washington, DC. Gauthier, J. R., Cosden, M., & Lopez, A. (2014, August). Cross-system collaboration in veterans’ treatment courts. Workshop presented at the annual California Department of Health Care Services Substance Use Disorders Statewide Conference, Costa Mesa, CA. vii Gauthier, J. R., Hughes, J. B., & Cosden M. (2013, August). College students’ perspectives on parental notification and parent-student communication on student alcohol use. Poster presented at the Division 50 Early Career Poster Session at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Association, Honolulu, HI. Gauthier, J. R., Hughes, J. B., & Cosden M. (2013, August). College students’ perspectives on parental notification and parent-student communication on student alcohol use. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Association, Honolulu, HI. Gauthier, J. R., Larsen, J. L., & Cosden, M. (2013, March). Evaluating the use of the Addiction Severity Index for Emerging Adults in a Drug Treatment Court. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the Society for Personality Assessment, San Diego, CA. Larsen, J. L., Gauthier, J. R., Cosden, M., & Lopez, A. (2012, August). Veterans’ treatment courts: Partnering to provide specialized services. Workshop presented in Recovery oriented systems of care: Cultural competency and preparing for special populations under health care reform, at the annual meeting of the California Department of Alcohol and Drug Programs, Sacramento, CA. Larsen, J. L., Gauthier, J. R., Hughes, J. B., & Cosden, M. (2012, May). Veterans and civilians in a substance abuse treatment court: Do their needs and outcomes differ? Poster presented at the annual meeting of the Association for Psychological Science, Chicago, IL. Oshidary, N. S., Werner, K. H., Gauthier, J. R., & Gross, J. J. (2010, June). The effects of non-dual meditation on negative emotion responding and cognitive dissonance discomfort. Poster presented at the annual Stanford University Psychology Honors Convention, Stanford, CA. Freiheit, S. R., Gauthier, J. R., & McManus, E. S. (2009, August). Does religiosity matter? religious coping, attributions, and depressed mood. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Association, Toronto, ON, Canada. Gauthier, J. R. (2009, May). Acceptance and its relationship to emotion regulation and mental health. Poster presented at the annual Zyzzogeton research festival, Augsburg College, Minneapolis, MN. Gauthier, J. R. (2009, April). Acceptance and its relationship to emotion regulation and mental health. Poster presented at the annual Minnesota Undergraduate Psychology Conference, St. Joseph, MN. Gauthier, J. R. (2008, April). Religiosity, stress, and affect: An examination of coping style and explanatory theory in college students. Poster session presented at the annual Minnesota Undergraduate Psychology Conference, St. Paul, MN. viii PROFESSIONAL PRESENTATIONS AND TRAININGS Gauthier, J. R., & Koch, L. (2014, September) Addiction Severity Index administration and scoring training. Presentation and training hosted by the Santa Barbara County Alcohol and Drug Program, for ADP Treatment Providers. Funded by the Santa Barbara County Alcohol and Drug Program, Solvang, CA. Gauthier, J. R., Sanford, A., & Lepore, C. (2013, November) Addiction Severity Index administration and
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