Ecomorfologia E Padrões De Abundância De Labridae Em Ilhas Oceânicas E Áreas Da Costa Brasileira

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Ecomorfologia E Padrões De Abundância De Labridae Em Ilhas Oceânicas E Áreas Da Costa Brasileira UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO ESPÍRITO SANTO CENTRO DE CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS E NATURAIS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIAS BIOLÓGICAS Ecomorfologia e padrões de abundância de Labridae em ilhas oceânicas e áreas da costa brasileira Gabriel Costa Cardozo Ferreira Vitória, ES Fevereiro, 2015 UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO ESPÍRITO SANTO CENTRO DE CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS E NATURAIS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIAS BIOLÓGICAS Ecomorfologia e padrões de abundância de Labridae em ilhas oceânicas e áreas da costa brasileira Gabriel Costa Cardozo Ferreira Orientador: Jean-Christophe Joyeux Co-orientador: Ronaldo Bastos Francini-Filho Dissertação submetida ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Biologia Animal) da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo como requisito parcial para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Biologia Animal Vitória, ES Fevereiro, 2015 SUMÁRIO Introdução Geral .................................................................................................................. 11 Referências ...................................................................................................................... 14 Capítulo 1 ............................................................................................................................ 18 Variações ontogenéticas em grupos funcionais de Labridae do Atlântico sudoeste ............. 18 Resumo ............................................................................................................................ 18 Abstract ............................................................................................................................ 19 Introdução ........................................................................................................................ 20 Material e Métodos ........................................................................................................... 22 Coleta de dados ............................................................................................................ 22 Aferições morfométricas – Características ecomorfológicas ......................................... 22 Análises Estatísticas ..................................................................................................... 24 Resultados ....................................................................................................................... 27 Todos os estágios de desenvolvimento ........................................................................ 27 Juvenis ......................................................................................................................... 31 Intermediários ............................................................................................................... 34 Adultos .......................................................................................................................... 36 Discussão ......................................................................................................................... 39 Referências ...................................................................................................................... 44 Anexo I ............................................................................................................................. 50 Anexo II ............................................................................................................................ 52 Capítulo 2 ............................................................................................................................ 54 Diferenças na distribuição da abundância e biomassa de Labridae entre Ilha da Trindade e Guarapari, Atlântico sudoeste, Brasil ................................................................................... 54 Resumo ............................................................................................................................ 54 Abstract ............................................................................................................................ 55 Introdução ........................................................................................................................ 56 Material e Métodos ........................................................................................................... 57 Áreas de estudo ............................................................................................................ 57 Coleta de dados ............................................................................................................ 59 Análise dos dados......................................................................................................... 59 Resultados ....................................................................................................................... 61 Trindade vs Guarapari .................................................................................................. 61 Ilha da Trindade ............................................................................................................ 62 Guarapari ...................................................................................................................... 62 Discussão ......................................................................................................................... 65 Agradecimentos ............................................................................................................... 67 Referências ...................................................................................................................... 68 Anexo ............................................................................................................................... 71 Capítulo 3 ............................................................................................................................ 74 Relação entre abundância e morfologia nos Labridae do Atlântico Sudoeste, Brasil ........... 74 Resumo ............................................................................................................................ 74 Abstract ............................................................................................................................ 75 Introdução ........................................................................................................................ 76 Material e Métodos ........................................................................................................... 78 Abundâncias ................................................................................................................. 78 Distâncias ecomorfológicas .......................................................................................... 78 Análises ........................................................................................................................ 79 Resultados ....................................................................................................................... 80 Discussão ......................................................................................................................... 86 Referências ...................................................................................................................... 89 Capítulo 4 ............................................................................................................................ 92 Length-weight Relationships for 21 labrid species from the Southwestern Atlantic............... 92 Summary .......................................................................................................................... 92 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 92 Materials and Methods ..................................................................................................... 93 Results and discussion ..................................................................................................... 93 Acknowledgements .......................................................................................................... 94 References ....................................................................................................................... 94 Lista de Figuras CAPÍTULO 1 Figura 1: Medidas morfométricas realizadas em cada espécime com paquímetro analógico; espécie modelo Doratonotus megalepis (Günther 1862). A – Visão lateral e B – Visão frontal. CP – Comprimento Padrão; DO – Diâmetro do Olho; AO – Altura do Olho; CCa – Comprimento da Cabeça; ACa – Altura da Cabeça; AINp – Altura da Inserção da Nadadeira peitoral; AI – Altura na Inserção da nadadeira peitoral; CNp – Comprimento da Nadadeira peitoral; ANp – Altura da Nadadeira peitoral; APc – Altura do Pedúnculo caudal; ACo – Altura do Corpo; ANc – Altura da Nadadeira caudal; LC – Largura do Corpo; AB – Altura da Boca; LB – Largura da Boca; M – Massa; DT – Tipo de Dentição. Foto: Raphael Macieira........................................................................................................................ 24 Figura 2: Dendograma produzido a partir da análise das características funcionais dos Labridae adultos estudados. Matriz produzida pelo Simprof test a partir da matriz consensual gerada através do script estatístico GFD, ambos para o R software. São apresentadas as três primeiras letras do gênero e do epíteto de cada espécie. J – Juvenis; I – Intermediários; e A – Adultos. ...................................
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