DOCSLIB.ORG

The Biology and Ecology of Parrotfishes

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Biology and Ecology of Parrotfishes Biology of Parrotfishes Biology of Parrotfishes Editors Andrew S. Hoey ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies James Cook University Townsville, QLD Australia Roberta M. Bonaldo Grupo de História Natural de Vertebrados Museu de Zoologia Universidade Estadual de Campinas Campinas, SP Brazil p, A SCIENCE PUBLISHERS BOOK Cover credits Clockwise from top left: Bolbometopon muricatum (João Paulo Krajewski) Chlorurus bleekeri (João Paulo Krajewski) Scarus perrico (Kendall D. Clements) Sparisoma amplum (Kendall D. Clements) CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 BocaCRC Raton,Press FL 33487-2742 Taylor & Francis Group ©6000 2018 Broken by Taylor Sound & Francis Parkway Group, NW, SuiteLLC 300 CRCBoca Press Raton, is FLan 33487-2742imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No© 2018 claim by to Taylor original & Francis U.S. Government Group, LLC works CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business Printed on acid-free paper VersionNo claim Date: to original 20160627 U.S. Government works InternationalPrinted on acid-free Standard paper Book Number-13: 978-1-4987-1908-7 (Hardback) Version Date: 2018071920160627 This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reasonable efforts haveInternational been made Standard to publish Book Number-13:reliable data 978-1-4822-2401-6978-1-4987-1908-7 and information, (Hardback) but the author and publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or the consequences of their use. The authors and publishers haveThis attemptedbook contains to trace information the copyright obtained holders from of allauthentic material and reproduced highly regarded in this publication sources. Reasonable and apologize efforts to copyrighthave been holders made toif permissionpublish reliable to publish data inand this information, form has not but been the obtained. author and If any publisher copyright cannot material assume has notresponsibility been acknowledged for the validity please ofwrite all materialsand let us orknow the soconsequences we may rectify of theirin any use. future The reprint. authors and publishers have attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication and apologize to Exceptcopyright as permitted holders if underpermission U.S. Copyright to publish Law, in this no formpart ofhas this not book been may obtained. be reprinted, If any copyrightreproduced, material transmit- has ted,not orbeen utilized acknowledged in any form please by any write electronic, and let us mechanical, know so we or may other rectify means, in anynow future known reprint. or hereafter invented, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, withoutExcept as written permitted permission under U.S. from Copyright the publishers. Law, no part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmit- ted, or utilized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, Forincluding permission photocopying, to photocopy microfilming, or use material and recording, electronically or in from any thisinformation work, please storage access or retrievalwww.copyright. system, comwithout (http://www.copyright.com/) written permission from the or publishers.contact the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400. CCC is a not-for-profit organization that provides licenses and registrationFor permission for a to variety photocopy of users. or useFor organizationsmaterial electronically that have frombeen grantedthis work, a photocopy please access lice nsewww.copyright. by the CCC, acom sep a(ratehttp://www.copyright.com/ system of payment has been) or contact arranged. the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400. CCC is a not-for-profit organization that provides licenses and Trademarkregistration Notice:for a variety Product of users. or corporate For organizations names may that be havetrademarks been granted or registered a photocopy trademarks, license and by theare CCC,used onlya separate for identification system of payment and explanation has been withoutarranged. intent to infringe. Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification andLibrary explanation of Congress without Cataloging-in-Publicationintent to infringe. Data Names: Janiâc, Milan, author. Title: Transport systemsLibrary : modelling,of Congress planning Cataloging-in-Publication and evaluation / Milan DataData Janiâc, Department of Transport & Planning, Faculty of Civil Engineering and GeosciencesNames:Names: Janiâc, &Hoey, DepartmentMilan, Andrew author. ofS., Air editor. Transport and Operations, Faculty of AerospaceTitle:Title: Transport Engineering,Biology systems of parrotfishes Delft : modelling, University / editors, planning of Technology, Andrew and evaluation S. Delft,Hoey, The/ARC Milan Centre Janiâc, of Netherlands.Department Excellence of Transport for Coral & Reef Planning, Studies, Faculty James of Cook Civil University, Engineering Townsville, and QLD, Description:Geosciences Australia, First& Department Roberta Edition. M. | Bocaof Bonaldo, Air Raton, Transport Grupo FL : Taylor and de Historia Operations, & Francis, Natural Faculty2016. de | Vertebrados of IncludesAerospace Museu bibliographical Engineering, de Zoologia, referencesDelft Universidade University and index. Estadualof Technology, de Campinas, Delft, The Campinas, SP, Brazil. Identifiers:Netherlands.Description: LCCN Boca2016028261| Raton, FL ISBN : CRC 9781498719087 Press, Taylor (hardback)& Francis Group, | ISBN [2018] | “A Description: First Edition. | Boca Raton, FL : Taylor & Francis, 2016. | 9781498719094 Science Publishers (e-book) book.” | Includes bibliographical references and index. Includes bibliographical references and index. Subjects:Identifiers: LCSH: Transportation. LCCN 2017047039 | Transportation | ISBN 9781482224016--Planning. (hardback | Intelligent : alk. paper) transportationIdentifiers: LCCN systems. 2016028261| ISBN 9781498719087 (hardback) | ISBN Subjects: LCSH: Parrotfishes. Classification:9781498719094 LCC (e-book HE151) .J356 2016 | DDC 388--dc23 Classification: LCC QL638.S3 B56 2017 | DDC 597/.7--dc23 LCSubjects: record LCSH: available Transportation. at https://lccn.loc.gov/2016028261 | Transportation--Planning. | Intelligent transportationLC record systems.available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017047039 Classification: LCC HE151 .J356 2016 | DDC 388--dc23 Visit the LCTaylor record & Francisavailable Web at https://lccn.loc.gov/2016028261 site at http://www.taylorandfrancis.com andVisit the the CRC Taylor Press & FrancisWeb site Web at site at http://www.crcpress.comhttp://www.taylorandfrancis.com and the CRC Press Web site at http://www.crcpress.com Foreword No one questions that parrotfishes have evolved from wrasses, and we show this close relationship by grouping them in the same suborder, Labroidei (Nelson, 2006). Parrotfishes were recognized as a distinct group by Aristotle who wrote, “All fishes are saw-toothed excepting the Scarus” and “of all fishes the so-called Scarus, or parrrot, is the only one known to chew the cud like a quadruped.” He was, of course, referring to the unique pharyngeal mill of scarids that grinds limestone fragments ingested with turf algae into a fine sand, and at the same time reducing the algae to more digestible fragments. Another unique scarid character that facilitates digestion is the very long intestine and the lack of a stomach. Parrotfishes have evolved to utilize a new resource of nutrition that is denied other herbivores. Once the herbivorous acanthurids, siganids, and pomacentrids have grazed algae to a low stubble, the scarid fishes still have a food resource. Surely this, the morphological differences, and being recognized as a family for 215 years support recognition as a family. The divers and fishermen readily distinguish parrotfishes from wrasses. If we tell them a parrotfish belongs in the wrasse family, they will think we are joking. Jack Randall Honolulu Preface Parrotfish are found on almost every coral reef in the world. It is this ubiquity, coupled with their brilliant colouration and fused ‘beak-like’ jaws, that have long attracted the attention of those looking and working on tropical reefs. Parrotfishes also have an incredibly diverse and complex array of reproductive and mating strategies that vary both among and within species. However, it is their unique feeding action that has stimulated much scientific endeavour. The morphological innovations of the oral jaws allow parrotfishes to bite through reef carbonates, while the pharyngeal jaws allow them to grind ingested carbonates into sand particles. These innovations not only enable parrotfishes to access nutritional resources that are largely unavailable to other fishes, but make them one of the most important groups of fishes within coral reef ecosystems. No other group of fishes is so inextricably linked to the structural dynamics of their ecosystem. Despite their importance to reef ecosystems, the threats to parrotfish are numerous and severe: from the global effects of ocean warming and acidification to the local effects of overfishing, pollution and habitat degradation. The aim of this book is to synthesise what is currently known about the biology of parrotfishes, and to consider why are parrotfishes
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Reef Fish Biodiversity in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Megan E
    University of South Florida Scholar Commons Graduate Theses and Dissertations Graduate School November 2017 Reef Fish Biodiversity in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Megan E. Hepner University of South Florida, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd Part of the Biology Commons, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons, and the Other Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology Commons Scholar Commons Citation Hepner, Megan E., "Reef Fish Biodiversity in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary" (2017). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7408 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Reef Fish Biodiversity in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary by Megan E. Hepner A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Marine Science with a concentration in Marine Resource Assessment College of Marine Science University of South Florida Major Professor: Frank Muller-Karger, Ph.D. Christopher Stallings, Ph.D. Steve Gittings, Ph.D. Date of Approval: October 31st, 2017 Keywords: Species richness, biodiversity, functional diversity, species traits Copyright © 2017, Megan E. Hepner ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I am indebted to my major advisor, Dr. Frank Muller-Karger, who provided opportunities for me to strengthen my skills as a researcher on research cruises, dive surveys, and in the laboratory, and as a communicator through oral and presentations at conferences, and for encouraging my participation as a full team member in various meetings of the Marine Biodiversity Observation Network (MBON) and other science meetings.
    [Show full text]
  • Length Selectivity of Commercial Fish Traps Assessed from in Situ Comparisons with Stereo-Video: Is There Evidence of Sampling Bias?
    Length selectivity of commercial fish traps assessed from in situ comparisons with stereo-video: Is there evidence of sampling bias? Tim J. Langlois, Stephen J. Newman, Mike Cappo, Euan S. Harvey, Ben M. Rome, Craig L. Skepper, Corey B. Wakefield SEDAR68-RD43 May 2020 This information is distributed solely for the purpose of pre-dissemination peer review. It does not represent and should not be construed to represent any agency determination or policy. Fisheries Research 161 (2015) 145–155 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Fisheries Research j ournal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/fishres Length selectivity of commercial fish traps assessed from in situ comparisons with stereo-video: Is there evidence of sampling bias? a,b,∗ b,c c,d c Tim J. Langlois , Stephen J. Newman , Mike Cappo , Euan S. Harvey , b b a,b,c Ben M. Rome , Craig L. Skepper , Corey B. Wakefield a The UWA Oceans Institute and School of Plant Biology (Botany M090), Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia b Western Australian Fisheries and Marine Research Laboratories, Department of Fisheries, Government of Western Australia, P.O. Box 20, North Beach, WA 6920, Australia c Department of Environment and Agriculture, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia d Australian Institute of Marine Science, PMB No. 3, Townsville MC, Queensland 4810, Australia a r t a b i c l e i n f o s t r a c t Article history: Stock assessments of tropical demersal teleost fisheries generally rely on fishery-dependent samples of Received 25 November 2013 age structure.
    [Show full text]
  • "Red Sea and Western Indian Ocean Biogeography"
    A review of contemporary patterns of endemism for shallow water reef fauna in the Red Sea Item Type Article Authors DiBattista, Joseph; Roberts, May B.; Bouwmeester, Jessica; Bowen, Brian W.; Coker, Darren James; Lozano-Cortés, Diego; Howard Choat, J.; Gaither, Michelle R.; Hobbs, Jean-Paul A.; Khalil, Maha T.; Kochzius, Marc; Myers, Robert F.; Paulay, Gustav; Robitzch Sierra, Vanessa S. N.; Saenz Agudelo, Pablo; Salas, Eva; Sinclair-Taylor, Tane; Toonen, Robert J.; Westneat, Mark W.; Williams, Suzanne T.; Berumen, Michael L. Citation A review of contemporary patterns of endemism for shallow water reef fauna in the Red Sea 2015:n/a Journal of Biogeography Eprint version Post-print DOI 10.1111/jbi.12649 Publisher Wiley Journal Journal of Biogeography Rights This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: DiBattista, J. D., Roberts, M. B., Bouwmeester, J., Bowen, B. W., Coker, D. J., Lozano-Cortés, D. F., Howard Choat, J., Gaither, M. R., Hobbs, J.-P. A., Khalil, M. T., Kochzius, M., Myers, R. F., Paulay, G., Robitzch, V. S. N., Saenz-Agudelo, P., Salas, E., Sinclair-Taylor, T. H., Toonen, R. J., Westneat, M. W., Williams, S. T. and Berumen, M. L. (2015), A review of contemporary patterns of endemism for shallow water reef fauna in the Red Sea. Journal of Biogeography., which has been published in final form at http:// doi.wiley.com/10.1111/jbi.12649. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance With Wiley Terms and Conditions for self-archiving. Download date 23/09/2021 15:38:13 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10754/583300 1 Special Paper 2 For the virtual issue, "Red Sea and Western Indian Ocean Biogeography" 3 LRH: J.
    [Show full text]
  • St. Kitts Final Report
    ReefFix: An Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) Ecosystem Services Valuation and Capacity Building Project for the Caribbean ST. KITTS AND NEVIS FIRST DRAFT REPORT JUNE 2013 PREPARED BY PATRICK I. WILLIAMS CONSULTANT CLEVERLY HILL SANDY POINT ST. KITTS PHONE: 1 (869) 765-3988 E-MAIL: [email protected] 1 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page No. Table of Contents 3 List of Figures 6 List of Tables 6 Glossary of Terms 7 Acronyms 10 Executive Summary 12 Part 1: Situational analysis 15 1.1 Introduction 15 1.2 Physical attributes 16 1.2.1 Location 16 1.2.2 Area 16 1.2.3 Physical landscape 16 1.2.4 Coastal zone management 17 1.2.5 Vulnerability of coastal transportation system 19 1.2.6 Climate 19 1.3 Socio-economic context 20 1.3.1 Population 20 1.3.2 General economy 20 1.3.3 Poverty 22 1.4 Policy frameworks of relevance to marine resource protection and management in St. Kitts and Nevis 23 1.4.1 National Environmental Action Plan (NEAP) 23 1.4.2 National Physical Development Plan (2006) 23 1.4.3 National Environmental Management Strategy (NEMS) 23 1.4.4 National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NABSAP) 26 1.4.5 Medium Term Economic Strategy Paper (MTESP) 26 1.5 Legislative instruments of relevance to marine protection and management in St. Kitts and Nevis 27 1.5.1 Development Control and Planning Act (DCPA), 2000 27 1.5.2 National Conservation and Environmental Protection Act (NCEPA), 1987 27 1.5.3 Public Health Act (1969) 28 1.5.4 Solid Waste Management Corporation Act (1996) 29 1.5.5 Water Courses and Water Works Ordinance (Cap.
    [Show full text]
  • Bolbometopon Muricatum) in North Maluku Waters Muhammad J
    DNA barcode and phylogenetics of green humphead parrotfish (Bolbometopon muricatum) in North Maluku waters Muhammad J. Achmad, Riyadi Subur, Supyan, Nebuchadnezzar Akbar Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Khairun University, Ternate, North Maluku, Indonesia. Corresponding author: N. Akbar, [email protected] Abstract. The green humphead parrotfish (Bolbometopon muricatum) is one of the large species inhabiting coral reefs in North Maluku waters, Indonesia. The declining fish populations due to excessive fishing has caused the green humphead parrotfish to be listed in the Red List of IUCN in the vulnerable category since 2012. The species could be highly endangered, bordering extinction in the future. Studies on the genetic identification of green humphead parrotfish could be considered critical in the policy of sustainable conservation and fish culture. This research is designed for the identification and analysis of the genetic relationship of green humphead parrotfish based on the COI (cytochrome-c-oxidase subunit I) gene. DNA samples were collected from 4 locations in North Maluku, Ternate Island, Morotai Island, Bacan Island and Sanan Island. The DNA from samples was extracted and the COI gene was amplified using PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction). Furthermore, the amplicon was sequenced to observe the similarities with the NCBI GenBank database. The results of this study showed that the green humphead parrotfish from this study had high similarities (98-100%) with the green humphead parrotfish with the reference access no. KY235362.1. Based on the phylogenetic tree, the green humphead parrotfish originating from North Maluku has a genetic relationship with the green humphead parrotfish from the database, but with different molecular characters.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogenetic Relationships of Selected Genera of Lutjanidae Inferred from Mitochondrial Regions, with a Note on the Taxonomic Status of Pinjalo Pinjalo
    Ciencias Marinas (2013), 39(4): 349–361 http://dx.doi.org/10.7773/cm.v39i4.2287 C M Phylogenetic relationships of selected genera of Lutjanidae inferred from mitochondrial regions, with a note on the taxonomic status of Pinjalo pinjalo Relaciones filogenéticas de algunos géneros de la familia Lutjanidae inferidas a partir de regiones mitocondriales, con una nota sobre la taxonomía de Pinjalo pinjalo Cecilia Chu1, Mohammed Rizman-Idid1,2*, Chong Ving Ching1,2 1 Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 2 Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, 50603 Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. * Corresponding author. Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT. Phylogenetic relationships of 43 species in 11 genera, representing four subfamilies of the family Lutjanidae and two genera of the family Caesionidae, were inferred using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI). Further assessment using the mtDNA control region (CR) was carried out to infer the relationship between the Indian and western Pacific types of Lutjanus russellii collected from the coast of Peninsular Malaysia. A total of 11 and 12 species were sequenced for COI and CR genes, respectively. Clade formation reflects, to some extent, the species groupings based on morphological characteristics and their biogeography. The close phylogenetic relationship between Pinjalo pinjalo and the Lutjanus red snappers (Lutjanus malabaricus and Lutjanus sebae) warrants a taxonomic revision of the former as the two genera are currently separated based on non-exclusive morphological characters. A sequence divergence of 4.2% between the Indian and western Pacific types of L.
    [Show full text]
  • Disney•Pixar's “Finding Dory”
    Educator’s Guide GRADES 2-6 Created in partnership with the Educational Team isney•Pixar’s “Finding Dory” welcomes back to the big convinced his biological sonar skills are on the fritz; and Dscreen everyone’s favorite forgetful blue tang Dory Destiny (voice of Kaitlin Olson), a nearsighted whale shark. (voice of Ellen DeGeneres), who’s living happily in the reef Deftly navigating the complex inner workings of the MLI, with Marlin (voice of Albert Brooks) and Nemo (voice Dory and her friends discover the magic within their flaws, of Hayden Rolence). When Dory suddenly remembers friendships and family. that she has a family out there who may be looking for Directed by Andrew Stanton (“Finding Nemo,” “WALL•E”), her, the trio takes off on a life-changing adventure across co-directed by Angus MacLane (“Toy Story OF TERROR!”), the ocean to California’s prestigious Marine Life Institute and produced by Lindsey Collins (co-producer “WALL•E”), (MLI), a rehabilitation center and aquarium. In an effort to Disney•Pixar’s “Finding Dory” swims home on Digital find her mom (voice of Diane Keaton) and dad (voice of HD October 25 and on Blu-ray™ November 15. For Eugene Levy), Dory enlists the help of three of the MLI’s more information, like us on Facebook, https://www. most intriguing residents: Hank (voice of Ed O’Neill), a facebook.com/PixarFindingDory, and follow us on Twitter, cantankerous octopus who frequently gives employees https://twitter.com/findingdory and Instagram, https:// the slip; Bailey (voice of Ty Burrell), a beluga whale who is instagram.com/DisneyPixar.
    [Show full text]
  • Life History Compendium of Exploited Hawaiian Fishes
    Life History Compendium of Exploited Hawaiian Fishes Prepared for Fisheries Local Action Strategy and Division of Aquatic Resources Prepared by K. Longenecker Hawai‘i Biological Survey Bishop Museum 1525 Bernice Street Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96817 R. Langston Windward Community College 45-720 Keahaala Road Kaneohe, Hawai‘i 96744 July 2008 1 Table of Contents INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................... 3 METHODS ..................................................................................................................................... 3 Description of life history parameters: ....................................................................................... 4 RESULTS ....................................................................................................................................... 6 HOLOCENTRIDAE ................................................................................................................... 7 Myripristis amaena (Castelnau, 1873) [3] .............................................................................. 7 Sargocentron diadema (Lacepède, 1802) [13] ..................................................................... 10 CARANGIDAE ........................................................................................................................ 13 Caranx ignobilis (Forsskål, 1775) [17] ................................................................................. 13 Caranx melampygus
    [Show full text]
  • Solomon Islands Marine Life Information on Biology and Management of Marine Resources
    Solomon Islands Marine Life Information on biology and management of marine resources Simon Albert Ian Tibbetts, James Udy Solomon Islands Marine Life Introduction . 1 Marine life . .3 . Marine plants ................................................................................... 4 Thank you to the many people that have contributed to this book and motivated its production. It Seagrass . 5 is a collaborative effort drawing on the experience and knowledge of many individuals. This book Marine algae . .7 was completed as part of a project funded by the John D and Catherine T MacArthur Foundation Mangroves . 10 in Marovo Lagoon from 2004 to 2013 with additional support through an AusAID funded community based adaptation project led by The Nature Conservancy. Marine invertebrates ....................................................................... 13 Corals . 18 Photographs: Simon Albert, Fred Olivier, Chris Roelfsema, Anthony Plummer (www.anthonyplummer. Bêche-de-mer . 21 com), Grant Kelly, Norm Duke, Corey Howell, Morgan Jimuru, Kate Moore, Joelle Albert, John Read, Katherine Moseby, Lisa Choquette, Simon Foale, Uepi Island Resort and Nate Henry. Crown of thorns starfish . 24 Cover art: Steven Daefoni (artist), funded by GEF/IWP Fish ............................................................................................ 26 Cover photos: Anthony Plummer (www.anthonyplummer.com) and Fred Olivier (far right). Turtles ........................................................................................... 30 Text: Simon Albert,
    [Show full text]
  • Signature Redacted
    One Fish, Two Fish, Lungfish, Youfish: Embracing Traditional Taxonomy in a Molecular World By ASSA ETTS I E OFOF TECHNOLGT E Lindsay Kirlin Brownell JUN 3 0 2014 B.S. Biology B.A. English LIBRARIES Davidson College, 2010 SUBMITTED TO THE PROGRAM IN COMPARATIVE MEDIA STUDIES/WRITING IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN SCIENCE WRITING AT THE MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY SEPTEMBER 2014 D 2014 Lindsay Kirlin Brownell. All rights reserved. The author hereby grants to MIT permission to reproduce and to distribute publicly paper and electronic copies of this thesis document in whole or in part in any medium now known or hereafter created. Signature redacted Signature of Author: Program of Comparative Media Studies/Writing May 22, 2014 Signature redacted Certified by: Alan Lightman Professor of the Practice Thesis Advisor Signature redacted I Accepted by: _ Tom Levenson Professor of Science Writing Director, Graduate Program in Science Writing 1 One Fish, Two Fish, Lungfish, Youfish: Embracing Traditional Taxonomy in a Molecular World By Lindsay Kirlin Brownell Submitted to the Program in Comparative Media Studies/Writing on May 22, 2014 in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Science Writing ABSTRACT In today's increasingly digitized, data-driven world, the "old ways" of doing things, especially science, are quickly abandoned in favor of newer, ostensibly better methods. One such discipline is the ancient study of taxonomy, the discovery and organization of life on Earth. New techniques like DNA sequencing are allowing taxonomists to gain insight into the tangled web of relationships between species (among the Acanthomorph fish, for example).
    [Show full text]
  • Westminsterresearch Haemogregarina Bigemina
    WestminsterResearch http://www.westminster.ac.uk/westminsterresearch Haemogregarina bigemina (Protozoa : Apicomplexa : Adeleorina) – Past, present and future Davies A.J., Smit N.J., Hayes P.M., Seddon A.M. and Wertheim D.F. This is the publisher version of an article published in Folia Parasitologica 51 (2/3) 99- 108 2004. The final definitive version is available online at:https://dx.doi.org/10.14411/fp.2004.015 © 2004 Parazitologický ústav AVČR. The WestminsterResearch online digital archive at the University of Westminster aims to make the research output of the University available to a wider audience. Copyright and Moral Rights remain with the authors and/or copyright owners. Whilst further distribution of specific materials from within this archive is forbidden, you may freely distribute the URL of WestminsterResearch: ((http://westminsterresearch.wmin.ac.uk/). In case of abuse or copyright appearing without permission e-mail [email protected] FOLIA PARASITOLOGICA 51: 99–108, 2004 REVIEW ARTICLE Haemogregarina bigemina (Protozoa: Apicomplexa: Adeleorina) – past, present and future Angela J. Davies1, Nico J. Smit2, Polly M. Hayes1, Alan M. Seddon1 and David Wertheim3 1School of Life Sciences and 3School of Computing, Kingston University, Penrhyn Road, Kingston upon Thames, Surrey, KT1 2EE, UK; 2Department of Zoology, Rand Afrikaans University, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa Key words: Haemogregarina bigemina, haemogregarines, development, transmission, Gnathia, isopods Abstract. This paper reviews past, current and likely future research on the fish haemogregarine, Haemogregarina bigemina Laveran et Mesnil, 1901. Recorded from 96 species of fishes, across 70 genera and 34 families, this broad distribution for H. bigemina is questioned.
    [Show full text]
  • Reef Fishes of the Bird's Head Peninsula, West
    Check List 5(3): 587–628, 2009. ISSN: 1809-127X LISTS OF SPECIES Reef fishes of the Bird’s Head Peninsula, West Papua, Indonesia Gerald R. Allen 1 Mark V. Erdmann 2 1 Department of Aquatic Zoology, Western Australian Museum. Locked Bag 49, Welshpool DC, Perth, Western Australia 6986. E-mail: [email protected] 2 Conservation International Indonesia Marine Program. Jl. Dr. Muwardi No. 17, Renon, Denpasar 80235 Indonesia. Abstract A checklist of shallow (to 60 m depth) reef fishes is provided for the Bird’s Head Peninsula region of West Papua, Indonesia. The area, which occupies the extreme western end of New Guinea, contains the world’s most diverse assemblage of coral reef fishes. The current checklist, which includes both historical records and recent survey results, includes 1,511 species in 451 genera and 111 families. Respective species totals for the three main coral reef areas – Raja Ampat Islands, Fakfak-Kaimana coast, and Cenderawasih Bay – are 1320, 995, and 877. In addition to its extraordinary species diversity, the region exhibits a remarkable level of endemism considering its relatively small area. A total of 26 species in 14 families are currently considered to be confined to the region. Introduction and finally a complex geologic past highlighted The region consisting of eastern Indonesia, East by shifting island arcs, oceanic plate collisions, Timor, Sabah, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, and widely fluctuating sea levels (Polhemus and the Solomon Islands is the global centre of 2007). reef fish diversity (Allen 2008). Approximately 2,460 species or 60 percent of the entire reef fish The Bird’s Head Peninsula and surrounding fauna of the Indo-West Pacific inhabits this waters has attracted the attention of naturalists and region, which is commonly referred to as the scientists ever since it was first visited by Coral Triangle (CT).
    [Show full text]