Kosovarisch-Rumänische Begegnung

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Kosovarisch-Rumänische Begegnung Open Access Schriftenreihe der Universität Regensburg Hannes Philipp / Bernadette Weber / Johann Wellner (Hg.) Kosovarisch-rumänische Begegnung Beiträge zur deutschen Sprache in und aus Südosteuropa Forschungen zur deutschen Sprache in Mittel-, Ost- und Südosteuropa FzDiMOS - Band 8 Forschungen zur deutschen Sprache in Mittel-, Ost- und Südosteuropa FzDiMOS Herausgegeben von Boris Blahak, Koloman Brenner, Ioan Lăzărescu, Jörg Meier und Hermann Scheuringer Band 8 Hannes Philipp / Bernadette Weber / Johann Wellner (Hg.) Kosovarisch-rumänische Begegnung Beiträge zur deutschen Sprache in und aus Südosteuropa Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie. Detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet unter http://dnb.dnb.de abrufbar. ISBN 978-3-88246-425-2 DOI 10.5283/epub.41108 © 2019 bei den Autoren der Beiträge Umschlaggestaltung: Bernadette Weber / Johann Wellner Satz: Johann Wellner Publiziert über die Open Access Schriftenreihe der Universitätbiblio- thek Regensburg Inhalt Hermann Scheuringer Vorwort 8 I. Beiträge der Tagung zu Deutsch-Albanischen Sprach- und Kulturkontakten in Geschichte und Gegenwart (11. - 13. Mai 2017 in Pristina) Teuta Abrashi Zu syntaktischen und semantischen Verhältnissen bei der deutschen und albanischen engen Apposition 12 Gezim Xhaferri / Biljana Ivanovska Die Sprechhandlung Aufforderung und die Ausdrucksmöglichkeiten in der Interimsprache der albanischen Fremdsprachenstudierenden 26 Brikena Kadzadej Nonverbales Verhalten im Kulturkontakt Deutsch-Albanisch 34 Naim Kryeziu Heinrich Heine in der albanischen Literatur und Kultur 44 Naser Mrasori Das Echo der Übersetzung von Stefan Zweigs literarischem Werk ins Albanische (1939–2004) 74 Ergys Prifti Agensangabe bei Passivsätzen im Deutschen und Albanischen 84 6 Inhaltsverzeichnis II. Beiträge der Ersten Internationalen Tagung zur Angewandten Germanistik (2. - 4. Juni 2017 in Bukarest) Timo Ahlers / Gregor Siegert Sprachimmersion im Wohnzimmer: Interaktion, Grounding und Embodiment im DaF-Erwerb mittels Social-VR 94 Federico Collaoni Angewandte Germanistische Linguistik: Ein interdisziplinärer Ansatz am Beispiel des Themas Energiewende 118 Przemysław Gębal / Sławomira Kołsut Zur Entwicklung der DaF-Didaktik in Polen nach 1989. Theoretische Erwägungen und empirische Forschung 132 Renate Giacomuzzi / Veronika Schuchter Literaturvermittlung als Fachbereich der Angewandten Literaturwissenschaft 146 Leonard Hettich Bedingen Video-Essays eine neue Textform? 168 Jörg Meier Angewandte Germanistik und Sprachdidaktik Aufgaben und Perspektiven 176 Hermann Scheuringer (Regensburg) Vorwort Kurz hintereinander veranstaltete das Forschungszentrum Deutsch in Mittel-, Ost- und Südosteuropa (FZ DiMOS) der Fakultät für Sprach-, Literatur- und Kulturwissenschaf- ten der Universität Regensburg im Frühjahr 2017 zwei kleine und feine Tagungen, mit regionalem Schwerpunkt im einen Fall, mit thematischem im andern. Vom 11. bis 13. Mai 2017 organisierten wir zusammen mit der Germanistik an der Universität Prishtina eine Tagung zu „Deutsch-albanischen Kulturkontakten in Geschichte und Gegenwart“, vom 2. bis 4. Juni dann zusammen mit der Technischen Bau-Universität Bukarest (UTCB), dort im Besonderen mit Prof. Dr. Sorin Gădeanu, die „Erste Internationale Tagung zur Angewandten Germanistik“. Die uns für die Publikation übergebenen Beiträge dieser beiden Tagungen publizieren wir hier an einem Ort, als Band 8 unserer Forschungen zum Deutschen in Mittel-, Ost- und Südosteuropa (FzDiMOS), damit wiederum Einblick gebend in die große Bandbreite unserer Aktivitäten. Insgesamt sechs Beiträge sind den deutsch-albanischen Sprach- und Literaturkontakten gewidmet, zu Syntax und Semantik, zu Sprechhandlungen und non- verbalem Verhalten, zur Rezeption von Heinrich Heine und Stefan Zweig im albanischen Raum, beigesteuert von Forschern aus Albanien, Kosova und Nordmazedonien. Ebenfalls sechs Beiträge entstammen der Tagung zur Angewandten Germanistik, über Literatur- vermittlung und Sprachdidaktik in traditionellen und auch in ganz neuen und neuesten Formen. Ihre Verfasser kommen aus Deutschland, Österreich, Italien und Polen. Symbolhaft sollten die hier versammelten 12 Beiträge, den zwei genannten Tagungen in Prishtina und in Bukarest entstammend, auch ein wenig die große Spannweite der Aktivitä- ten des FZ DiMOS verspüren lassen und mit ihr auch das weit gefächerte Interesse an der deutschen Sprache im südosteuropäischen Raum. Ebenso symbolhaft möge die Vereinigung der Tagungsbeiträge in diesem Band zwei Regionen zusammenführen, deren offizielle -po litische Vertreter zum gegenwärtigen Zeitpunkt noch immer reichlich distanziert einander gegenüberstehen, Rumänien zum Beispiel einer der Staaten ist, die dem Kosovo bis dato die Anerkennung verweigern. Leider haben auch zwei Vortragende an der Bukarester Tagung aus Bosnien und Herzegowina im letzten Moment ihre Aufsätze zurückgezogen, weil sie nicht in einem Sammelband zusammen mit kosovarischen Wissenschaftlern vertreten sein wollten. Dies entspricht nicht unseren Haltungen und Intentionen, denn wir trachten danach, solcherlei Distanzierungen zu überwinden. Hermann Scheuringer Leiter des Forschungszentrums DiMOS Regensburg, im November 2019 I. Beiträge der Tagung zu Deutsch-Albanischen Sprach- und Kulturkontakten in Geschichte und Gegenwart (11. - 13. Mai 2017 in Pristina) Teuta Abrashi (Prishtina/Prishtinë) Zu syntaktischen und semantischen Verhältnissen bei der deutschen und albanischen engen Apposition Der Untersuchungsgegenstand dieses Beitrags ist die enge Apposition im Deutschen und Albanischen. Der Grund, warum die enge Apposition als Gegenstand dieser Untersu- chung gewählt wurde, besteht darin, dass in beiden Sprachen einige Unklarheiten über diese Problematik vorhanden sind. In diesem Artikel werden wir uns in erster Linie darauf konzentrieren, wie sich eine Konstruktion in einer Sprache auf die andere auswirkt, bzw. werden wir die strukturellen Übereinstimmungen und eventuelle Unterschiede untersu- chen. Obwohl es Forschungsmeinungen gibt, dass enge Appositionen im Albanischen und Deutschen nach Form und Inhalt identisch sind1 und Appositionen in beiden Sprachen die gleichen Diskursfunktionen erfüllen, werden wir sehen, dass diese Behauptung nicht immer der Wahrheit entspricht. In der Tat hängt die Struktur der Konstruktion vom Kern und dem appositiven Bestandteil ab. Um diese Analyse durchzuführen, werden wir uns in dem ersten Abschnitt kurz mit der Funktion der engen Apposition im Diskurs beschäftigen. Im zweiten analysieren wir die appositiven Konstruktionen, die als Kern einen Eigenna- men und als Apposition ein Appellativum mit oder ohne bestimmten Artikel verwenden, während wir uns im dritten mit den appositiven Konstruktionen, die als Kern ein Perso- nalpronomen der 1. und 2. Person nutzen, befassen. Im letzten Abschnitt untersuchen wir einige Konstruktionen, die trotz morphosyntaktischen Similaritäten in beiden Sprachen auf der semantischen Ebene aber Differenzen aufweisen. 1. Funktionen der engen Apposition im Diskurs In beiden Sprachen werden Appositionen verwendet, um neue Informationen über das Bezugselement einzuführen. Nach Hoffmann sind Appositionen Ausdrücke, die „zusätz- liche Informationen zum Redegegenstand nachtragen. Das bedeutet aber nicht, dass es sich um Nebeninformationen, weniger relevante oder kommunikativ nicht notwendige Informationen handeln müsste. Oft steckt in solchen Einschüben Wichtiges, Ironisches oder gar Bösartiges, was an dieser Position nicht explizit behauptet, sondern damit gesagt wird“2. Appositionen werden am meisten in Genres wie Pressereportage und Lehrbuch 1 Vgl. Uhlisch, Gerda: Zu einigen Aspekten eines albanisch-deutschen Vergleichs der adnominalen Attribute. In: Language Typology and Universals. 1982, S. 456-465. 2 Hoffmann, Ludger: Deutsche Grammatik-Grundlagen für Lehrerausbildung, Schule, Deutsch als Zweitspra- che und Deutsch als Fremdsprache. Berlin 2013, S. 202. Syntaktische und semantische Verhältnisse bei der deutschen und albanischen engen Apposition 13 erforderlich, in denen die Diskursteilnehmer eine sehr geringe Menge an geteiltem Wissen haben. Aber auch umgekehrt sind sie in anderen Genres, wie z. B. in einer entspannten Konversation, weniger notwendig, da das gemeinsame Wissen viel höher ist und ihr Dasein verhältnismäßig bescheidener an der zusätzlichen Information beiträgt. Nach Keiser3 erfüllt die Apposition vier Funktionen in dem gegebenen Diskurs: (i) Die funktional identifizierende Funktion, wobei die Information in der Appo- sition dazu dient, dem Hörer anzuzeigen, dass das eindeutig definierte Element nicht in seiner üblichen (prototypischen) Funktion verwendet wird, wie im Beispiel: (1) a. Der Buchstabe „E“ steht für Europa, während Buchstabe „A“ für Amerika steht b. Germa „E“ qëndron për Evropën, kurse germa „A“ për Amerikën. Im Beispiel (1) werden die Buchstaben „E“ und „A“ sowohl im Deutschen als auch im Albanischen nicht in ihrer prototypischen Funktion, Vokale zu bezeichnen, gebraucht, sondern dazu, geografische Begriffe zu denotieren. (ii) Die beschreibende identifizierende Funktion, wobei die Apposition Informa- tionen liefert, die dem Hörer erlauben, den Referenten der Konstruktion als Ganzes auf ihre „Wissensbasis“ zu beziehen, oder genauer gesagt, diesen Referenten in der Diskurslage zu verankern: (2) a. Der Jaguarchef Tom Walkinshaw ist natürlich der Geschäftsführer von Silver- stone Circuits. b. Shefi i Jaguarit Tom Walkinshaw është
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