ties for our urban citizens to reduce the POST SCRIP'rS: A REAL MAN within his sphere feel they were the bene stresses of city living. (By Mario Rossi) ficiaries of a largesse of spirit. New York and other Northeastern States And he was ever thus. are recognizing the tremendous importance Since we are only human, it is our tendency I asked an old neighbor what he was like as of outdoor recreation. For example, in 1961 to largely consider death a cruel and incon a boy. a public bond issue was authorized in New siderate machination of fate and to rail "The same,'' she said, "always the same." York which included 50 million dollars solely against its inevitability, especially when it for the acquisition of non-urban wildland. takes away someone as youthful and vital And in 1965, a 200 million dollar bond issue as Vito Romano. THE B-52 SORTIES REDUCED was passed by the people of New York State In calmer and more retrospective mood, we to develop previously acquired lands for are more inclined, of course, to accept even (Mr. BENNETT asked and was given outdoor recreation. that which we cannot understand, and to also permission to address the House for 1 With so much public and private money find a measure of solace; we turn now to the minute and to revise and extend his being spent for outdoor recreation develop man worth remembering and begin to feel remarks.) ment, we should be deeply concerned that that his passing, however untimeiy, has en dowed us with a rich heritage. Mr. BENNETT. Mr. Speaker, I strong the optimum benefits accrue from these ex ly object to the announced decision to penditures. The optimum allocation of land Vito Romano cannot help but be a vivid and capital.resources and the coordination of memory. cut back the B-52 sorties from 1,800 to recreation with other uses for our land ·re He did not fade away; he did not slip from 1,600 a month, particularly since the sources call for systematic and intensive re our midst by degrees. decision was made for fiscal and not - search into our recreational needs and de He was with us; then, quite suddenly, he military reasons. Not only this, the de mands. was gone cision imperils our troops, which is my Specific areas of research that should be RESPONSIVE SMILE primary concern, and also may give en vigorously pursued include: In this context, the man still stands tall, couragement to the enemy not to agree ( 1) Determination of present demand for slender and impeccably groomed. His air of to settle the war at the Paris peace talks. particular recreation activities. refinement and breeding remains reassuringly (2) The role of management ln the success intact, and one can yet see the responsive We have everything to lose and nothing ful operation of recreation enterprises. smile and hear his pleasant laughter. to gain by this decision. Insofar as I am (3) Factors affecting participation patterns There is, too, the stunning portrait of Vito able to influence the matter, I shall do of recreationists. and his beloved wife, Edith, as they moved up my best to see that a reversal of the (4) Development of a mechanism or model James street on a Sunday morning, home decision takes place. that predicts future demand and provides ward bound after services at St. Peter's On a related issue, I believe time is needed knowledge for planning and decision Church. running out on the bombing halt--first, making. They were a brilliant and beautiful couple, because there has been no indication ( 5) Development of guidelines for the plan so much a picture of grace and elegance that ning, installing, and operating privately they almost seemed anachronistic ln an age that our forbearance has produced any owned forest recreation enterprises. of speed and madness. Hand in hand, they peace directed actions by Hanoi and its The Northeastern Forest Experiment Sta were a rotogravure pair out of a Fifth Avenue allies. Second, because the enemy has tion's forest recreation research unit at Syr Easter tableau every Sunday of the year, violated its terms in numerous instances. acuse is making progress in solving the forest radiating the sheer happiness of being alive recreation problems, but this progress is not and together. keeping pace with the expanding problems. DETERMINED COMBAT PESTICIDE POLLUTION AND OUR The full implementation of the Federal re Beyond the imagery, however, there lingers FOOD SUPPLY search program described above at a level the strength of a man who saw duty on the granted a longer span of life. His quiet charm, Whenever something on this order oc Mr. HANLEY. Mr. Speaker, several his reassuring manner and his personal curs, and individuals stand up to protest weeks ago my home community was capabilities certainly point to that. and call for action, there is a sidling But it ls futile to speculate on the im shocked by the sudden death of one of possible. away on the part of those who are re its truly outstanding citizens, a man It is better to recall that while Vito Romano sponsible and those who can act. whose friendship I cherished, Vito Ro would never be able to achieve his full po No one wants to step on any toes. No mano. He was loved and respected by all tential in terms of professional and political one wants to become involved. No one who knew him. He enjoyed a splendid success, he managed in his half century to really wants to understand. Someday it reputation in the practice of law and write a most eloquent and complete chapter will go away if we leave it alone. Some made his talent always available to the as a human being. In this reference, our im day, in every way, we shall awake to find best interest of our community. pulse is to call attention to the great respect that the good Lord has waved his hand and affection in which he was held by all His love for community and Nation who knew him; yet this ls not the really im and made everything well again. was so deep and abiding. I believe that portant story. There is no womb for us to retreat to. the story of Vito Romano is best told in There is no escape from the consequences the following article authored by an edi CONCERN FOR OTHERS of our actions. We shall pay the bill in The true message of his existence lay tn tor of the Syracuse Herald-Journal who the regard which he felt for his fellow man. full for allowing pesticides to pollute our obviously possesses great talent, Mr. Ma He was ever concerned with the welfare of environment. We shall suffer in full for rio Rossi. I am so impressed with his ac others, and the courtllness of his conduct was damage we are doing to wildlife, air, and count that I felt it appropriate that I a sincere reflection of his entire nature. He water we depend on. If we, ourselves, do share it with my colleagues: was the essence of nob1li ty, and he made all not sicken or die, then it shall be the 8382 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE April 2, 1-969 horrible fate of our children to do so as dence-that the residue has caused any ICBM's and Chinese ICBM's. I wonder a result of our laxness and inability to ill effects to a single person. if it has ever dawned on him how face up to our responsibilities. Mr. PODELL. I thank the gentleman. frightening his comments are to a good We are not controlling the fruits of I would like merely to point out that many other people all over the world science. Pesticides are silent killers. They there is another fish coming out of Lake including the Soviets. When people are do not murder with noise or in a sicken Michigan called a chubb. It has been frightened, they start to react. If they ing way. They kill quietly-over a pe impounded by the Food and Drug Ad react by escalating the arms race, not riod of time. We are all carrying DDT ministration so far as its admission into even Safeguard will be any help. residues in our bodies right now-all of the State of New York is concerned. It Still, it is a consolation to the hungry, us. has been claimed that there has been the poor, and the overtaxed that at least I have, in the past, introduced a bill to some botulism, or perhaps residue from the Cannon Kings will die rich in the control America's use of chemicals. To an insecticide of some kind. Authorities unavoidable holocaust that will inevitably day I am also introducing a measure that were not sure, but they did impound follow. Generals and admirals will die will prohibit the sale or shipment for use quantities of this fish because it did arguing merits of their respective ABM's in the United States of the chemical cause serious illness to some people who of the differeJ:lt services. The rest of us compound known as DDT. The bill fol- consumed it. They do not know the an will die poor, in ignorance of the merits - lows: swer. Finally, in regard to DDT, when of their hardwaire--aind in unspeakable H .R. 9868 scientific proof exists that animal life is agony. A bill to prohibit the sale or shipment for being harmed by DDT-when levels of use in the United States of the chemical its residue rise in watersheds-we can compound known as DDT reasonably be apprehensive over its pos OIL BARONS PLAY GAMES, TOO, AT Be it enacted by tlt e Senate and House sible threat to people. THE EXPENSE OF THE CONSUMER of Representat1,,; es of the Uni ted States of I agree with the gentleman that the Ameri ca i n Congress assembled, That the Food and Drug Administration should (Mr. PODELL asked and was given Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Roden and must find the answer to this prob permission to extend his remarks at this t icide Act (61 Stat. 163; 7 U.S.C. 135-135k) ls lem. point in the RECORD). amended by adding at the end thereof a new Mr. PODELL. Mr. Speaker, lo and be section as follows: hold, the oil barons are down to their "SEC. 17. Notwithstanding any other pro last billion, and as a result, they must vision of this or any other Act, after June ABM-OR-WITH MESSRS. NIXON 30, 1970, it shall be unlawful for any person AND LAIRD IN NEVER-NEVER LAND play games-at consumer expense. You need no talent or skill to play them. All to distribute, sell, or offer for sale in any Philadelphia the regional headquarters in the Northwest to the Seattle hospital, DON L!SUDGE, for the Department of Health, Education, and the parking situation is almost hope Speaker of the House. and Welfare that for a number of years less. Such extreme conditions would not Passed the Senate March 10, 1969. had been serving the States of Virginia, obtain at Mountain View. JOHN A. CHERBERG, West Virginia, Maryland, North Caro- The Seattle hospital is a good one. President of the Senate. April 2, 1969 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 8385 THE STORY OF THE !APA-VIGI ruling in favor of concepts of press liberty 400 in five years. Certainly these inter LANCE FOR FREEDOM freer than ever before of legal shackles and Americans cannot be intimidated. restrictions. More and more states are adding Taken together, these publications have a (Mr. FASCELL asked and was given laws to protect newspapers and reporters circulation of 50 million copies daily. Most permission to address the House for 1 against coercion, intimidation and source of them espouse freedom. This ls a power minute, to revise and extend his re disclosure. Even the campaign for greater ful voice. marks and include extraneous matter.) freedom of information ls progressing, Yet we must look at the dark side of our Mr. FASCELL. Mr. Speaker, one of the though much remains to be done. rediscovered moon of hemispheric liberty. So So the temptation to conclude that the soon after the exhilaration of the Argentine most informative articles I have seen on war is over ls understandable, but it must meeting we find freedom under attack on the freedom of the press in Latin Amer nevertheless be resisted. Perhaps Chicago new fronts. Three of every four Latin Ameri ica was published in the March 1969 will be valuable for the memory it leaves cans now live under some kind of military issue of Nieman Reports. Titled "The with us : Proof that freedom of the press, like rule, sometimes benigL. but in theory always Story of the !APA," the article discusses all freedoms, exists only so long as we are potentially repressive. Anyone can tick off the history and accomplishments of the capable of defending it. the countries. But in every one of them the Inter-American Press Association. The Despite the Chicago experience, freedom IAPA presence for freedom is being felt. of the press exists in the United States to a Since 1930 there have been 39 military article was written by Mr. Lee Hills, pres greater degree than virtually anywhere else coups in Latin America. Some of them have ident and executive editor of Knight in the world. In this atmosphere, it is not been engineered by officers trained-sup Newspapers, Inc., and immediate past surprising that few of us are familiar with posedly in democratic ways-by the United president of !APA. the Inter American Press Association, known States. A third of these coups have occurred As Mr. Hills points out, IAPA is largely to its friends as IAPA or "Yapa." since the Alliance for Progress got shakily responsible for the fact that the Western Perhaps the best introduction to I-A-P-A off the ground in 1961, leaving behind it a Hemisphere is one region of the world is to acknowledge to you that there are doubt that now is growing because of sus whose people-96 percent of them-have newspapermen in the Western Hemisphere picions of the Alliance's eventual failure. today who are indebted to IAPA for their We cannot judge Latin America, if indeed been living under varying conditions of newspapers, their freedom and, in some we should sit in any kind of judgment, by press freedom. Comprised of more than cases, for their very lives. If that sounds our own standards. A good example is Brazil, 1,000 publications and individuals from dramatic, let me assure you that it ls no President Arthur da Costa e Silva, who news media throughout the hemisphere, more than the truth. ousted the extreme left wing Goulart in 1964, !APA has been a strong bulwark against Despite its relative anonymity, IAPA has is a moderate who in December, 1968, lost the threat to freedom represented by an impressive string of accomplishments. control to radical, hard-line younger officers. many of the new Latin American dic 1. IAPA is beyond doubt the most effec They forced him to suspend congress, arrest tive international group fighting to main political critics and some journalists, and tatorships. By using its pressure against introduce the trappings of dictatorship censorship, !APA has helped maintain tain and advance freedom of the press. 2. IAPA originated the concept of an inter without, perhaps, fancying them himself. the editorial independence of major American professional organization, self These hard-line officers fear the press and news media in some countries-and at sufficient, unencumbered by government, are in awe of its power. They have confis times, it has even saved the lives of cour and living off its own resources. No other cated newspaper editions and jailed editors ageous editors imprisoned or "ques profession has tried this and made it work and publishers. They currently enforce an tioned" by military authorities. so well. enigmatic "self-censorship" that has de 3. IAPA is largely responsible for the fact stroyed the freedom of the press in Brazil. IAPA's job has not been easy; Mr. Leading Brazilian editors who oppose mlli Hills notes that in some Latin American that the Western Hemisphere is the one tary dictatorship are considered "subversive." countries, "people seem to be willing at region of the world whose people---96 per cent of them-have been living under vary They have been arrested and subjected to length to accept limitations on their ing conditions of press freedom. When I say prolonged and repeated interrogations. In democratic freedoms in return for some "varying" I have in mind that less than 45 the course of the interrogations the officers economic well-being." Yet, he adds: conducting them have often displayed a percent of the people of the world enjoy any tragically simplistic view of the press. "In The association protests every restriction real vestige of freedom. the past year your newspaper has published of freedom of the press. This may consist of 4. IAPA has openly fought for the freedom one or more editorials generally favorable to suppression of free newspapers, their direct of newsmen tyrannized by dictators such as ... the U.S .... West Germany . . . Israel or indirect control by a government, the Argentina's Peron, Trujillo of Santo Do . . . Russia. Were you paid to publish these imprisonment or arrest of newspapermen, mingo, Colombia's Rojas Pin11la, Haiti's editorials by . .. the U.S .... West Germany official subsidies, discrimination in the re notorious "Papa, Doc" Duvalier, and many . . Israel ... Russia?" lease of news, the existence of official news other enemies of liberty. When I talked with President Costa e Silva agencies, any interference in the manage 5. IAPA created a Technical Center, a in Rio de Janeiro in late October he assured ment's freedom to run a newspaper, discrimi Scholarship Fund and other services to help me there would be no infringement of press natory taxes, government control of news raise the newspaper standards, mechanical liberties. Yet that has occurred as the mili print imports or sales, or any other restric and editorial, of Latin America. As standards tary dictatorship lets itself be drawn into tive measures. rise, so does the independence of the press. political excesses alien to Brazil. The article sets forth IAPA's forceful The achievements of the Technical Cen In Argentina, a nation of such great eco ter alone are worth special mention. nomic potential that its lack of leadership and effective actions on behalf of free Created as a non-profit organization al moves one almost to tears, there is yet no dom of the press in this hemisphere-a most seven years ago, the center is the forum real recovery from the rapacious dictatorship record of dedication to this high ideal for the exchange of information, ideas and of Gen. Peron. To a degree, however, Lt. Gen. that has won the association the respect friendships which form the core of IAPA's Juan Carlos Ongania has brought the coun of believers in freedom everywhere. I efforts. Its chief task is to bring together try back from ruinous inflation and is estab commend the article to my colleagues' working newspapermen from throughout the lishing some stability. So far, he has tolerated attention. Mr. Hills declares: hemisphere to share equally in the develop a free press and open criticism, something ment of newsgathering techniques and pro relatively rare among the outcroppings of Inch by desperate inch, the Western Hemi duction technology. Seminars and round military dictatorship in the last decade. sphere is yielding to the fact of life that only table meetings have been held in the United The Argentine press is free, but cautious. truth can m.ake and keep it free. States and eight Latln American countries, And the warning flags are flying. A recen.t The article follows : in which more than 800 news executives law decreed by the Ongania regime despite have participated. The center offers a con widespread opposition from responsible pub THE STORY OF THE IAPA sulting service for Latin American newspa lic opinion calls for prior censorship of films. (By Lee Hills) pers and has published a series of books, Under the guise of protecting the public (NoTE.-Mr. Hills is president and execu monthly bulletins and the only complete from "immoral" movies, government-ap tive editor of Knight Newspapers, Inc., and Spanish language style manual available. pointed censors can ban any film on moral, immediate past president of the Inter Growth of the !APA has been slow. Could social or political grounds. The editorial American Press Association. He is also a you imagine the Associated Press Managing comment of one Argentine magazine was former president of the American Society of Editors Association or the American Society typical of press opposition to the law. The Newspaper Editors, Sigma, Delta Chi, and of Newspaper Editors enduring, much less magazine termed the law "a bold and danger the Associated Press Managing Editors existing, if they had the bitter opposition of ous advance against the freed.om of expres Association.) a militaristic national government? sion." We Journalists in the United States are When, however, IAPA's General Assembly In Peru, too, the press lives under the cloud often tempted, I think, to believe that the met last October in Buenos Aires, I was of a military dictatorship born last October fight for freedom of the press is over and happy to report that we had more than 1,000 even as we were meeting in Buenos Aires. that we have won. publications and individuals on our member Criticism of the government is tolerated in Consistently, these days, our courts are ship rolls, a gain of 200 in one year and of Peru, but not encouraged. An example comes OXV-529-Part 7 '
8386 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE April 2, 1969 from the editor of a moderately left maga the totalitarian footsteps of the Perons and sent a delegation of 53, more than half the zine who was jailed for twitting the generals the Trujillos. total attendance. Only 16 came from the and questioned by a military officer. Mary A. Gardner in her book on IAPA tells United States. "I .tried ,to ltalk about the importJam.ce of a how the "First Pan American Congress of The Peronistas applied for membership and free press, the press as the fourth branch of Journalists" meeting in Washington in 1926 tried to take over the meeting. Many of them government," the editor said after his re called for creation of a permanent inter wore guns into the meetings. The Board of lease. "He reminded me that now Peru has American organization. Directors refused to be intimidated. It re only one branch of government." Sixteen years later the Mexican govern jected all but 10 of the Argentine applica Last October's second coup occurred in ment organized and financed the next meet tions on the grounds that their newspapers Panama, where the National Guard over ing, in Mexico City in 1942, with Commu were not democratic. threw an elected government on its 12th day nists trying to manipulate the sessions. Few With that, the Peronists stormed out en in office. One of the Guard's first actions journalists attended from the U.S. masse along with eight other Latin Ameri after taking power was to crudely, and com A permanent organization was established cans. They announced that they would form pletely, censor the press. The Panamanian at the Second Pan American Congress in a Latin American Press Association, but it press now functions under "Guidelines" Havana in 1943, and it was given the Spanish never got off the ground. published by the National Guard. One of name we still carry, Sociedad Interamericana Press freedom was at a low ebb in Latin the "guidelines" warns editors "there shall be de Prensa. America during this period, and dictators no insinuations that there is censorship." From its very start the old SIP was in were riding high. The re-born !APA took Editors are "asked" to observe the "guide filtrated by Communists. They were par the'm on, in country after country. It mar lines," and one of the "guidelines" says: ticularly strong in the executive committee. shalled public opinion with a vigor that "This is the last time you will be asked to Only 12 United States publications sent caused growing alarm among the dictators. cooperate." delegates. These included Tom Wallace, Ju They reacted with violent attacks on the In much of Latin America today-too lio Garzon, Eugene B. Mirovitch, William P. !APA. much-freedom of the press is as vulnerable Carney, Herbert Corn, Ralph McGill, Robert After their defeat in Montevideo, Peron's as democracy. Newsmen in a number of U. Brown and myself. bully-boys wrote a 437-page book assailing countries ruefully share the views of a We were fascinated but dismayed by the !APA. The late Demetrio Canelas, of Los Peruvian editor who observed "It's easy to proceedings. Cuba and Mexico were then Tiempos, Cochabamba, Bolivia, saw his news militariize the civil~. It takes long& to the centers of Communist power in Latin paper destroyed by government-inspired civilize the military." America, and between them sent delegates mobs, and then he was thrown in prison and Cuba, of course, is a special and most from 130 publications. The Cuban govern threatened with execution as a traitor for tragic case of its own. Avowedly a Commu ment paid all the bills. Delegations sat and not bowing editorially to the government. nist nation under Castro's dictatorship, its voted by countries. Many of the delegates !APA protests saved him. control of the Cuban press is complete. Ten were not journalists, but simply propagan Canelas thus expressed his gratitude: "I years after Castro's ascendency, many Cuban dists. owe not only my freedom but my life to newspapermen still languish in Cuba's jails. Numerous resolutions were strictly polit the Inter American Press Association." And Against the absolute tyranny of Castro, ical, having nothing to do with the press. so we have our theme. pressure from !APA seems to be of little help The Communist thrust was openly directed !APA has helped extract other editors and but the task of rallying and maintaining at the United States. The enthusiasm of publishers from prison. It has fought to re public opinion against his oppressive meas Latin American newspapermen for an inter open newspapers closed by tyrants. It has ures continues to have top priority in our American organization was obvious, how aided in restoring confiscated newspapers to efforts. ever, and the dedicated work of Tom Wal their rightful owners. Perhaps it has saved These are just examples of what is hap lace, Farris Flint, Joshua Powers and a few other lives. pening in Latin America, and particularly others made possible the new !APA which Besides La Prensa of Argentina and Los in South America. People seem to be willing later emerged. Tiempos of Bolivia, the successful freedom at length to accept limitations on their The reaction began in 1945 at the Caracas campaigns include those for Pedro Joaquin democratic freedoms in return for some congress against the way the SIP was con Chamorro of La Prensa of Managua, Nic economic well-being. stituted-political, non-professional, gov aragua; the late Hernan Robleto of La Flecha, In Latin America as elsewhere when you ernment-subsidized, Communist-infiltrated. also of Managua; El Intransigente of Salta, come right down to it, the best of a working The revolt grew at the 1946 Bogota meeting Argentina, and its editor-publisher David democracy is freedom of the press. Or, as and jelled into action in Quito in 1949. With Michel Torino, also dead now; El Tiempo American newsmen are more fond of call the aggressive backing of North Americans and El Espectador of Bogota; El Comercio of ing it, freedom of information-the people's and a group of influential Latin American Quito; La Prensa of Lima and El Imparcial right to know. publishers, the Quito congress voted to re of Guatemala. The conservative and strongly national organize the association. The !APA cannot take credit for Peron's istic military regimes of Latin America be This was done at an historic meeting in fall in 1955, but it has played a major role lieve they must maintain the status quo, New York in 1950 which changed the basic in creating the public opinion that helped protecting it against the discontent of youth character of !APA, made it totally independ topple dictatorships, and it can take credit who are reacting there as elsewhere in the e.rut, sustaiined erut.irely by dues of its own for the return of newspapers to their legiti restless search for some special identity. members. For the first time it occupied it mate owners. The dangers to a free press in this kinetic self predominantly with freedom of the press. The association protests every restriction atmosphere thus are obvious. Even in Chi This marked the end of government-spon of freedom of the press. This may consist of cago, newsmen were clubbed. It is no sur sored congresses. The freedom of the press suppression Of free newspapers, their direct prise that they are the first to be jailed in report that year denounced repressive meas or indirect control by a government, the any political uprising. It was the elimination ures against the press in 15 nations in the imprisonment or arrest of newspapermen, of of press ceDJSomhiop by Alexia.n.der Dubcek in Americas. ficial subsidies, discrimination in the release Czechoslovakia that, paradoxically, led to Thus the Western Hemisphere learned a of news, the existence of official news agen the Soviet occupation. Far from lying down, classic lesson in the frustration of Commu cies, any interference in the management's the Czech newspapers lambasted their So nist intrigue. The reorganized !APA, its treas freedom to run a newspaper, discriminatory viet neighbors and compelled the Kremlin ury empty and limited in membership, had taxes, government control of newsprint im to move against them. a tough new start from scratch. The struggle ports or sales, or any other restrictive meas We all know that the Russian game in the against Communist infiltration had sapped ures. East is a loser. When young Czechs immo its strength. It is difficult for a North American to have late themselves by fire, we sense the depths It needed the prestige and financial sup the same appreciation of these efforts as do of the desire for freedom and certainty that port of United States publications, and most the La tin Americans. And the courage of our it will be achieved. af them were not interested. Clearly, !APA Latin colleagues in fighting for the principles The urge for freedom is even stronger in needed a cause. of freedom is something we are not called Latin America. That is why I want to tell Suddenly, it was handed one by Juan Do upon to match. you the story of the Inter American Press mi_ngo Peron in 1951. Peron harassed, closed As one friend said, "If they are willing to Association which I mentioned in the be and finally expropriated the great newspaper go to jail for freedom of the press, the least ginning. La Prensa in Buenos Aires. Its widely revered we can do is to give them moral and financial Bear in mind that !APA was not always publisher, Alberto Gainza Paz, escaped into support through the !APA." robust, or effective, or independent. At the exile in Uruguay. Pedro Beltran of La Prensa, Lima, who outset it was pitiably weak. A number of leading United States news was thrown into Peru's equivalent of Alca One of the most inspiring stories in the papers joined !APA and helped rally public traz and was freed through the help of !APA, book of journalistic freedom is how it be opinion in the hemisphere against Peron. As put it this way: came, overnight, sinewy and strong. That a result, !APA gained enough strength to "I wonder whether those of you who have transformation is one reason why I believe hand Peron his first defeat in the interna not seen this sort of thing at close range that other Latin American countries will tional field. understand the great significance of !APA not go the way of Cuba, and why I think This came at the annual meeting of !APA and the place it will hold in history when the that the flourishing new mllitary regimes in Montevideo in October, 1951, only a few story of the democra tizati on of the Americas south of the border are less likely to follow months after La Prensa's confiscation. Peron is told. When a government stamps out lib- April 2, 1969 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 8387 erty, when it closes newspapers and denies minute, to revise and extend his remarks JET SET TAX FINAGLE freedom of expression, the voices from the and include extraneous matter.) point in the RECORD and to include ire, Conn., on January 22, 1968, became the fraternal organizations to help create an in extraneous matter.) headline in the three major newspapers serv terest in the symposium we were sponsoring. Mr. MONAGAN. Mr. Speaker, Director ing our community. Without hesitation the clubs helped publi J. Edgar Hoover of the Federal Bureau That a chief of police would make this cize the town meeting through advertise statement at a public meeting of adults and ments and personal contact. Each group, in of Investigation, has today called my teenagers made our community aware of the its own way, displayed readiness to back its attention to a very compelling article police department's dilemma. The threat of police in conducting the attempt to unite entitled, "Beware of the Marihuana widespread use of drugs and narcotics came the community against the growing threat of Menace," which was written by Police upon us almost unnoticed, and, truthfully, drug abuse. Chief John G. McNamara, of Cheshire, we were not prepared to cope With the threat. When we announced the panel members Conn. Chief McNamara is a friend and This situation came to our attention when for our planned symposium, the regional and constituent of mine. In the words of we received requests for medical assistance. local newspapers, as well as radio and tele J. Edgar Hoover: One youngster seemed to be intoxicated, but vision stations, gave Wide coverage to our we took the necessary precautions and had conference. Our only concern was whether His report on this subject will be of great the boy examined at a hospital for possible the townspeople would attend. interest to other police officers throughout drug overdose. The youth later admitted tak On the scheduled evening, the adults and the country. ing a drink made of milk and a nonprescrip teenagers did indeed come. While the people Moreover, it is of great interest to me tion medicinal preparation for individuals were filing into the auditorium, a few officers suffering from asthma. Up to this point the for in my studies of this problem and in passed out literature describing the types problem centered around drug abuse. and effects of the drugs and narcotics that my conversations with Federal enforce Suddenly, word came to our department were to be discussed. The 800-seat high school ment officials, including John E. Inger that marihuana was being sold in Cheshire. auditorium was completely filled. soll, Director of the Bureau of Narcotics Cheshire ls a small residential town, in SYMPOSIUM FORMAT and Dangerous Drugs of the Department habited by more than 16,000 people and sit of Justice, I have learned to my great uated between the heavily populated cities of We began the symposium by showing the concern that despite our current control New Haven and Waterbury in southern Con film, "Narcotics-Pit of Despair." The movie necticut. Bordering Cheshire are the com depicted a young student-athlete who began efforts, the traffic in dangerous narcotics munities of Hamden, Wallingford, and Me smoking marihuana which led to his using is increasing. riden. the addictive drug, heroin. Following a scene According to Mr. Ingersoll, the last Marih uana could be carried in from any of showing the youth suffering from withdrawal 18 months has brought a noticeable in tne surrounding towns. Our problem was to pains, the movie concluded with the "cured'" crease in heroin among white middle locate the source of this marihuana inflow, young man revisiting his buddies, the "push class and upper middle-class young peo but we felt we were not prepared to handle ers," which suggested the never-ending cycle ple particularly. I have met on several this problem because we knew too little about of narcotic addiction. drugs and narcotics. Following this, the chief of our State occasions with Mr. Ingersoll and with Health Department's Narcotics Control Sec Mr. James Dow, Assistant Director of ACQUIRING LITERATURE tion described the various categories of drugs the Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous As chief, it was my responsib111ty to see and chemicals. The expert told of narcotics, Drugs, at Hartford, Conn., and I have that my 18 men became fam111ar with drugs sedatives, depressants, stimulants, tranquil assured them and other agents of my full and narcotics, the terminology or nicknames izers, hallucinogenic substances, and organic cooperation in the essentially continuing given them by users, and the apparatus used volatile solvents. After giving the common program to curb drug traffic and to by addicts. My first step was to contact drug trade names and nicknames of the com companies and ask for literature describing pounds that compose each category, the of corral those responsible for the traffic. the various drugs used for "getting high" and ficer described the dangers of abusive use of With that thought uppermost in mind, the symptoms and effects associated with the materials and concluded his talk by tell I include here the article, "Beware of the their misuse. Then, turning to other law en ing of a 16-year-old boy who died from exces Marihuana Menace," by Police Chief Mc forcement agencies, I acquired extensive lit sive inhalation of cleaning fluid fumes. Namara. It is a very clear report of the erature on narcotics, together With addresses Next, the State trooper presented statistics splendid efforts of a Connecticut com of companies selling teacher's kits which il concerning the number of crimes committed munity to encourage parental concern lustrated and described the more popular by drug addicts. He mentioned such viola and to delineate that the proper objec narcotics. tions as car thefts, shoplifting, and rape, and tive is not simply arresting teenagers but TEACH OFFICERS suddenly he was interrupted by loud applause I gave each sergeant literature, pictures, that followed his telling of 145 pushers ar a primary aim to prevent them from and plastic replicas of narcotic-producing rested in the act of selling narcotics to his harming themselves. plants With the request that he teach each underc~vermen. My letter from Mr. Hoover and the man under his command what to look for, The Hartford police narcotics expert de article follow: what to listen for, and, particularly, how to scribed the changes to watch for in addicted U.S. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE, distinguish the odor of marihuana. young people: a loss of weight, a change in FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION, Later, we surveyed the physicians in our the texture of the skin, and an inab111ty to Washington, D.C., April 1, 1969. town and found that between 90 and 100 peo cope With normal, everyday matters. The Hon. JOHN s. MONAGAN, ple had been treated recently after taking an detective shocked the audience With the House of Representatives, unprescribed drug or narcotic. statement that, of the 18 people in the Washington, D.C. We had a dilemma: We knew we had drug Greater Hartford area who died of drug abuse, MY DEAR CONGRESSMAN: The FBI offers co users. We knew marihuana was being used, 13 took overdoses, three developed chronic operative services and.assistance to local and but we did not know that so many people hepatitis, and two committed suicide. state law enforcement agencies in all areas were involved. The chief prosecutor concluded the formal of police responsib111ty. One vital phase of In looking for a plan to protect the towns portion of the symposium by suggesting rea such cooperation involves the dissemination people from the harm of drug and narcotic sons why teenagers turn to drugs. He said and exchange of information on successful use, I asked our detective sergeant for his they cannot cope with pressures; they protest law enforcement programs and investigative ideas. against the hypocrisy of adults; they attempt operations. The FBI Law Enforcement Bul The sergeant said, "Chief, the best place to to avoid the difficulties of impending adult letin, a monthly publication distributed control this problem is in the homes. Let us life. Therefore they seek security and self without charge, is an example of our efforts tell the parents the dangers of marihuana esteem from using drugs or narcotics. in this regard. and drug abuse and how widespread the The prosecutor described the almost un Enclosed are two advance copies of the problem has become." believable actions of boys who had taken a April 1969 issue of the Bulletin. I thought Certainly the idea was sound, and we began mixture of milk and a patent medicine. He you might like to see the splendid article, drafting a plan to help educate our residents. said the boys had to be forcibly removed beginning on page nine, entitled "Beware After discussing the plan with our first from the police station and taken to a of the Marihuana Menace," by Mr. John G. selectman, who gave us his full support, we hospital. McNamara, Chief of Police, Cheshire, Con decided to bring people knowledgeable in the QUESTIONS ASKED necticut. His report on this subject will be narcotics field to Cheshire and have them When I, as moderator, asked for questions of great interest to other police officers conduct a symposium for the townspeople. after the talks, the concern of those present throughout the country. Fortunately, we were able to obtain the serv was obvious by the response received. Set Sincerely yours, ices of the following: The chief of the Nar forth below are some questions which arose J. EDGAR HOOVER. cotics Control Section of the Connecticut during the discussions and are typical of State Department of Health, the head of the those which officials should be prepared to BEWARE OF THE MARIHUANA MENACE Connecticut State Police Narcotics Squad, answer before becoming involved in a pro (By John G. McNamara) the head of the Hartford City Police Narcotics gram of this nature. "Alcohol is out; marihuana is in!" Division, and the Chief Prosecutor of Con If "pot" is available in Cheshire, how can This response to a question asked at our necticut's Seventh Circuit Court. the pusher be exposed? drug and narcotics symposium held in Chesh- We next appealed to our local service and Can an arrest be made by an officer if he April 2, 1969 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 8389 merely hears of someone who is using a nar Fortunately, our townspeople believe in warning coal workers of the perils of black cotic, such as pot or "speed," or does the our sincerity and many do not hesitate to lung, or pneumoconiosis. When speaking in individual have to have the drug on his openly discuss their suspicions concerning local union halls or trekking into mine person? the possible use of narcotics or drugs by their shafts, the team often crumpled sections of You have stated that marihuana is the youngsters. This open communication be autopsied black lung to startle their audi start of something more dangerous, but do tween parents, teenagers, and policemen has ences. These tactics enraged some colleagues, you have any conclusive evidence that pot, been a most important result. who denounced their "medical sideshow." smoked occasionally, is harmful to the hu Following the symposium, our detective And they were rebuked by two county medi man system? sergeant received invitaitions to speak before cal societies. But to the miners they are try What is meant by a psychotic-condition? the high school student body, the students ing to help, they are the next best thing to Is not alooholism a greater problem in of a private school, discussion groups, and walking saints. Cheshire? some service and fraternal clubs in Cheshire. Inspired by the three physicians, the Although alcohol is sometimes misused and His message is basic: The police are aware miners sidestepped their own union to form can be physically more harmful than mari of the drug and narcotic activity occurring an a.d hoc group called the Black Lung Asso huana, the use of alcohol is permitted. Is in public places, but it is up to the parents ciation. And, once all the state's mines were not this a contradiction? to become aware of the activity taking place shut down, they held their first rally in When you use the words, "controlled within the home. Charleston's Civic Center. drugs," do you mean only narcotics, or Just recently, on two separate occasions, Wea.ring a white miner's cap himself, Dr. drugs that require prescriptions? a parent approached our desk sergeant, Buff showed them an ashtray and a license Is it being a bit rash to conclude that the handed over an envelope, and asked "What plate his miner friends had carved him out use of heroin results from marihuana? Is is it?" In both instances the sergeant re of coal. "This is a coal operator state," he there any evidence of this? Cite the facts. plied, "Looks like marihuana." In both warned his listeners, who were dressed in ill Is it true that much of the reaction against instances the sergeant was correct. fi tting suits and coveralls. "And it's about marihuana is the result of a middle class The drug and narcotics problem still per time you stopped being the forgotten people!" prejudice against a drug that was largely sists, but the problem is diminishing in To drive their point home to the legislators, used in the past by lower income groups? Cheshire because it is being attacked by the miners decided to march the two miles to How do you draw the line between simple both the police and concerned citizens. the capitol. But they had neglected to get a sleeping pills and pain relievers that might parade permit, and some local politicians had lead to addiction to other drugs? marked them for arrest. Do many of the people who are dependent THREE COURAGEOUS DOCTORS When a police official tipped Dr. Buff off on drugs have records of previous psychiatric LEAD BLACK LUNG FIGHT to their plans and urged him to send a man help? a.t once to pick up a permit, Dr. Buff was One assumes that none of the panelists Wyoming is the first place on God's green lem wais pneumoconioois. country for cigarette smoking." earth which could consistently claim to be Shortness of breath, says Dr. Buff, is the Dr. Burns opposes the Buff-Rasmussen the land of the free. key symptom of black lung. And many miners Wells campaign to inform miners about the suffer from it for several years before they disease, claiming that "they are creating hys Wyoming nearly paid the price of become severely incapacitated. When their teria and frightening these poor people. And, statehood for this act of ultimate justice disease reaches this stage, the miners are you know, anxiety can cause shortness of for womanhood. When in 1890 the Con usually in their early fifties. But since the breath. They are creating a second disease." gress debated statehood ·for the territory introduction of continuous mining m achines, Undaunted by this criticism, the three phy of Wyoming the reality of women's suf which kick up a lot of dust, Dr. Buff relates sicians plan to continue their campaign, and frage-clearly a condition that had to be that "we are now seeing them in their thirties to focus on correcting the conditions that and forties." lead to black lung. Dr. Buff would like to mentioned in admission-militated When inhaled coal dust accumulates in the see more frequent removal of coal dust and strongly against statehood. But, we made lungs, it clusters around the small arteries, more hosing down of the mine face during it, with our forests, our rivers, our wild even tu ally choking them off. Because the cutting. life, and our ladies. oxygen-exchange mechanism of the lung is "The only way a miner can keep from get The history of women's suffrage is al then impaired, the right ventricle works ting coal dust into his lungs is by not breath most as interesting as its consequences. harder to pump more blood. As a result, the ing the air in the mines!" he thunders. The The historic bill was introduced in the right ventricle often becomes enlarged and respirators now used by some companies are right-sided heart failure can occur. useless, he says, because they permit dan territorial legislature by the president of The only sure way to diagnose black lung gerous tiny particles to get through. He pro the council, William H. Bright, at the disease is at autopsy or by biopsy, points out poses that each man be equipped with a instigation, popular history has it, of the Dr. Rasmussen, who operates a pulmonary mask connected to a tank of compressed air, woman who was to become the world's laboratory financed by the United Mine like the apparatus used by scuba divers. But first lady justice of the peace and holder Workers at the Beckley Appalachian Regional coal operators feel that such equipment of judicial office, Esther Hobart Morris. Hospital. Clinically, the disorder is almost would be too expensive and cumbersome. Thus, Colonel Bright and Mrs. Morris indistinguishable from silicosis. Sometimes Bureau of Mines Director John F. O'Leary the two diseases exist simultaneously. But is the first to admit that the outlook for coal have the distinction of being the "father silicosis is widely recognized as an occupa workers is bleak. He cites statistics showing and mother of woman suffrage." The tional disease, while pneumoconiosis is not. that a man who spends his life working in book "Women of Wyoming," compiled After examining over 3,000 bituminous the mines faces one chance in ten of being and edited by Mrs. Alfred H. Beach of miners in his laboratory, Dr. Rasmussen is killed in an accident. A miner can also figure Casper, records the genesis of Wyoming's convinced that x-rays offer no key to diag on suffering at least three injuries severe nosis. "Some miners whose lung function enough to keep him off the job. And the women's suffrage bill in a vignette at tests show them to be seriously impaired chances are one in five that he will die of a tributed to Capt. H. G. Nickerson, of have only minimal evidence of fibrosis on fatal lung disease. Lander, Wyo., a one-time resident of x-rays. But in other miners, x-rays will show "If a miner begins work at the age of 20," South Pass. the nodular lesions indicating dust retention O'Leary concludes, "the chances are one in Captain Nickerson in an affadavit for a long time before there is any shortness four that he will be killed in an accident or die of a fatal lung disease." These figures, he made by him and in the official files of of breath or functional abnormality." Wyoming asserts: Dr. Rasmussen prefers to base his diagnosis adds, make coal mining the most dangerous of pneumoconiosis on lung function tests and occupation in the U.S. for which statistics To Mrs. Esther Morris is due the credit and the miner's work history. Among the men he are available. honor of advocating and originating woman has studied, he has found some lung disease suffrage in the United States. At the first election held at South Pass (then Carter in 90%. And in approximately half, lung im CALL FOR PROCLAMATION DESIG pairment has been severe enough to "inter County, Wyoming), on the 2nd day of Sep fere with the capability to work. NATING DECEMBER 1969 AS "NA tember, 1869, Colonel William H . Bright, "After he has gone through all our tests TIONAL WOMEN'S SUFFRAGE AND Democrat and myself, Republican, were can and is convinced we aren't out to 'do him in,' EQUALITY STATE MONTH'' didates for the first Territorial Legislature. A few days before the election, Mrs. Morris a miner will often tell us about how he feels (Mr. WOLD asked and was given per when he goes out to bring in a little bit of gave a tea party at her residence at which wood, or a bucket of coal, or water from his mission to address the House for 1 min there were present about forty ladies and well,'' says Dr. Rasmussen. "God knows, he ute and to revise and extend his re gentlemen, Col. Bright and myself being in isn't trying to convince you he's sick. He's marks.) vited for a purpose, for while seated at the telling you that something that's so easy--so Mr. WOLD. Mr. Speaker, it is my pro table, Mrs. Morris arose and stated the ob much taken for granted-has now become found pleasure to introduce a resolution ject of the meeting. She said, "There are almost impossible to perform." calling upon the Congress to authorize present two opposing candidates for the first Very few of the miners want to stop work legislature of our new territory, one of whom the President to issue a proclamation, is sure to be elected and we desire here and ing, even when tests show severe impairment, proclaiming December 1969 as "NaJtional he adds. He himself stopped advising miners now to receive from them a public pledge to quit work when one replied, "Doc, I got Women's Suffrage and Equality State that whichever one is elected will introduce one more kid to get through college. After Month" in honor of the lOOth anniver and work for the passage of an act con that, it don't matter what happens to me." sary of the birth in the territory of Wyo ferring upon the women of our new territory, But internist Rowland Burns disagrees ming of the constructive principle of the right of suffrage." with Dr. Rasmussen's findings, and claims women's suffrage. Of course we both pledged ourselves as re that they have not l'een duplicated in other It was in the fledgling territory of quested and received the applause of all laboratories. The Huntington, W . Va., physi present. There were no Republicans elected cian has represented coal companies in at Wyoming during the winter of 1869 that at this first election; the legislature was least ten disability cases, and has done a the territorial legislature, itself but a solidly Democratic. Col. Bright, true to his study on black lung for the West Virginia year old, passed one of the shortest but promise, introduced the bill and it became Coal Association. most historic aots ever to emanate from a. law. Evidence of nodular lesions on x-rays, he a council of men. Subsequently, Mrs. Morris, of South feels, is essential for a diagnosis of pneu The simple two-section act granted to Pass City, and Mrs. Caroline Neil, of moconiosis. In Britain, he adds, miners must the women of Wyoming territory the have nodular lesions to collect disability Point of Rocks, received the first two for black lung. "Lung function tests are right of suffrage and to hold office. commissions ever granted to women to be nonspecific,'' he reasons, but also admits that The heart of the matter, section I, pro justices of the peace and although his nodular lesions "can be indicative of a hun claimed: tory is vague at best of Mrs. Neil's serv dred different disorders." Every woman of the age 21, residing in this ice, Mrs. Morris is recognized as the first Of the 2,000 miners he has examined, he territory, may at every election to be holden woman ever to hold a judicial post in any has found nodular lesions in only 10 % to under the laws thereof, cast her vote. And, government anywhere in the world. 15 % . Of these, only 2 % to 3 % "were severely her rights to the elective franchise and to impaired." He concedes that he has found hold office shall be the same under the elec Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper in severe lung impairment in many miners who tion laws of the territory, as those of elec 1870 reported: did not have nodular lesions, but adds that tors. Mrs. Morris and Mrs. Neil continued to ex "you can also find a lot of emphysema in the ercise their functions as Justices of the Peace general population." Gov. John Campbell signed the world's in Wyoming. They are the terror of all rogues Cigarette smoking, he continues, has also first women's suffrage law into existence and afford infinite delight to all lovers of been linked with emphysema. "Smoking must December 10, 1869. The great suffrage peace and virtue. April 2, 1969 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 8391 Rogues and lovers of peace and virtue with the war effort. Their contributions The key to a possible solution, the best alike agree, however, that Mrs. Morris could not be ignored and a reward came hope for a reduction of the level of vio was an eminently qualified justice of the in the form of universal suffrage at the lence, lies in mutual action by the two peace and demonstrated beyond all doubt end of the war based on the splendid sides. Such a principle, and the commit that her sex was hardly an impediment beginning in Wyoming a half century ment of the United States to that prin to the effective exercise of the office. before. ciple, was firmly established 2 % years ago She held the office with distinction and On the eve of the passage of the 19th in the joint communique of the Manila other Wyoming women followed by serv amendment, nearly 18 million women in Summit Conference: ing on grand and petit juries in Laramie. 15 States had already been enfranchised. Allied forces are in the Republic of Viet The principle of women in such service The final victory of the suffragettes in nam because that country is the object of was clearly established. 1920, gave the vote to an additional 9 % aggression.... They shall be withdrawn, Of Colonel Bright who made a massive million women. after close consultation, as the other side withdraws its forces to the North, ceases in contribution in introducing and fighting I respectfully urge the Congress to act filtration, and the level of violence thus sub for the first woman's suffrage bill, we with dispatch on this resolution which sides (par. 29). know little. We know he was supported would request the President to recognize by the Secretary of the Wyoming terri officially and nationally the lOOth anni The other side continues to maintain tory, Edward M. Lee, who some say actu versary of the action which heralded the its forces in the south, it continues its ally authored the bill. He left the Wyo birth of women's suffrage in America and infiltration, and the level of violence ob ming territory after his service in the the world. viously remains very high. Some speakers legislature and is known to have died in in this Chamber have argued that some Washington, D.C., in 1912. North Vietnamese units did in fact with Mrs. Morris, following her service and VIETNAM draw from the battlefields of South Viet death, was voted the most distinguished (Mr. ADAIR asked and was given per nam last fall, to sanctuaries along the deceased Wyomingite and is memorial mission to address the House for 1 min Laos and Cambodian borders, even outside ized in bronze in two identical statues, ute and to revise and extend his re South Vietnam itself, and that this de one of which reposes in the Chambers marks.) velopment represented an act of deesca of the U.S. Capitol in Washington. It was Mr. ADAIR. Mr. Speaker, there was lation by the other side. Unfortunately, commissioned during the service of my extensive debate in the House last week that was not precisely the case. Some valued and distinguished friend, former on the subject of the U.S. commitment enemy units did retire from the battle U.S. Senator Milward Simpson, when he in Vietnam. The speakers made a great field, indeed, but they did so out of neces was Governor of Wyoming. The other number of points-about our pressing sity. They had been badly beaten in the rests on the soil of Wyoming at the site domestic needs in the United States, three unsuccessful offensives of 1968, and of our State capitol in Cheyenne. about the evils of the military-industrial they needed to regroup, retrain, and re As the direct consequence of having complex, about the history of the war supply themselves. Some commentators been the first territory to grant women under the previous administration and have tried to tell us that these moves had suffrage, the ladies of the future Equality the first 2 months of the present one, political significance; but in fact the State gained other distinctions. Mrs. about the Government of Vietnam, and enemy was merely making a virtue of Eliza A. Swain, "a gentle white-haired about the winability or the unwinabil necessity. Almost simultaneously with housewife, Quakerish in appearance," be ity of that war. The ultimate conclusion these so-called withdrawals, our com came the first woman in the world to vote of many of these speakers is embodied in manders began to find evidence that a in a general election. a resolution which states simply: new offensive was being planned, and The principle that these proud ladies- there were good indications that the new It is the sense of Congress that the United offensive was in fact planned first for and the Susan B. Anthonys and the States should begin to reduce this military Lucretia Motts, Elizabeth Cady Stan involvement in Vietnam. early December, then for the beginning tons, Lucy Stones and Anna Dickinsons of January, as enemy units began to re and thousands of unnamed others who I submit that the goal of reducing and turn to their traditional operating areas. contributed to the woman suffrage strug indeed eliminating the U.S. military in The preemptive measures or spoiling gle-established was not to end with jury volvement in Vietnam is the goal of this operations undertaken by Vietnamese duty and voting in Wyoming. It was to Congress, of this administration and of and allied forces caused postponements spread throughout the world wherever the American people as a whole. There each time, but finally the offensive came democracy and constitutional govern can be no doubt of the administration's some 5 weeks ago. • ment reigned. determination to reduce the military in On the 23d of February, North Viet It was in 1869, the year of Wyoming's volvement of the United States in Viet namese troops, together with the indige territorial legislature, that opposition to nam just as soon as it becomes practica nous southern forces known as the Viet the movement made its last ditch stand ble to do so. Ambassador Lodge, repre cong, began their fourth round of con with the publication of a singularly senting the United States in the meetings certed offensive activity in little more gloomy epistle entitled "Woman's Rights, at Paris, has repeatedly called on the than 1 year. In the course of this offen Wrongs and Privileges." other side to undertake prompt discus sive they have indiscriminately shelled The book maintained that women were sion of the mutual withdrawal of United many of the major civilian population well represented in politics by their hus States and North Vietnamese forces from centers of South Vietnam, including the bands and their fathers and prophesied the territory of South Vietnam. For his three most populous cities: Saigon, Hue. darkly that once women were given the part, President Nguyen Van Thieu of the and Da Nang. They have attacked instal vote the sexes would be at war. Republic of .Vietnam has referred fre lations of United States, South Vietnam The breakup of marriages over politi quently to his hope and expectation that ese, Korean, and other allied forces. They cal disagreements was predicted and in some U.S. forces can be withdrawn be have inflicted increased casualties on our deed the implication was that the whole fore long as the armed forces of the Re own forces and those of our allies, and of institution of marriage was under a dire public of Vietnam assume an ever course on the innocent civilian popula threat. The argument rested on the can greater share of the military effort. tion of South Vietnam. did philosophical opinion that women The commitment to a reduction of U.S. This new round of offensive action were too emotional for political matters military involvement is there; there can came at a time when a new U.S. admin and that exposure to politics would cause be no doubt of that fact. But this is only istration was making clear its intention them to lose their charm. a part of the total picture. There are to proceed with diplomatic efforts at We know just the reverse to be true other vital considerations. At the present Paris-efforts which are designed to de now that the stabilizing influence of moment, on the territory of South Viet women in politics and in public office has nam, there are 80,000 to 100,000 regular termine whether some basis exists for a been seen to have a complimentary and troops of the army of North Vietnam. reasonable settlement of the Vietnam catalyzing influence in their opposite There are other North Vietnamese regu war. Clearly, this offensive by the enemy members. lar units immediately north of the so has hampered those efforts and has cast It was the experience of World War I called demilitarized zone and in the t-er serious doubt on the enemy's professed which finally turned the tide in favor ritory of other countries in close proxim desire for a settlement of the war. But of the ladies. Women all over the Nation ity to South Vietnam; namely, Cambodia the administration is going ahead pru stepped in with the men to help out and Laos. dently and is avoiding precipitate action 8392 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE April 2, 1969 that would complicate those efforts still House for 1 minute and to revise and STONE MOUNTAIN, GA., further. extend his remarks.) MONUMENT In this context, it is difficult to under Mr. BROYHILL of Virginia. Mr. stand appeals for the unilateral with Speaker, my office has received a tremen (Mr. BLACKBURN asked and was drawal of U.S. forces which make no de dous number of calls and appeals from given permission to address the House mand for comparable action--or even a for 1 minute and to revise and extend merchants and other citizens of the Na his remarks.) degree of restraint-by the other ~ide. tion's Capital. The calls reflect a climate We cannot simply initiate the with of fear that has developed here. I am Mr. BLACKBURN. Mr. Speaker, it is drawal of our own forces without regard being asked for advice and assistance as my privilege to represent the Fourth for the consequences of our action; we to whether or not people should close Congressional District of Georgia in cannot at the present moment withdraw their businesses or take leave from work which is located one of the truly great some of our forces and expase those on April 4, Good Friday, to commemo wonders of the modern world. In the which remain to greater danger or leave rate the anniversary of the death of geographic center of De Kalb County, the people of South Vietnam, whom we Martin Luther King. The callers tell of Ga., is located a gigantic rock which we have pledged to protect, with less protec threats, blackmail, and intimidation. The know as Stone Mountain. On the side of tion than they now have. situation is deteriorating. this mountain there has been carved a This is a brief sketch of the current Mr. Speaker, if the businesses in our sculpture which is only equaled in size situation. It is a situation that does not Nation's Capital are forced to close and by the great Buddha carving in China permit us to act unilaterally, without employees forced to take a holiday which was completed in the year 700 thought to the consequences of such ac against their wishes out of fear of loss A.D. Next year, in April, the first tion. As the very distinguished Secretar! of life and property, then Friday, April 4, sculpture of a similar size in the United of Defense a Member of this House until will be indeed a sad page in the history States will have been completed. This a short ti~e ago, said recently, it is not of this great Republic. will be the first sculpture of this size an appropriate time to discuss the reduc Never in the history of the world has completed in some 1,200 years. It is my tion of U.S. force levels in South Viet appeasement brought about a lasting privilege today to introduce a resolution nam though I might add that he, like all peace. Nor has supine surrender to black sponsored by myself and all of the Geor of u~. is hopeful that such a time will mail resolved any problem. Appeasement gia delegation, including our Senators. come. will merely encourage the bullies and in which we request the Postmaster Gen It is, rather, a time for us-a~d par agitators in the District of Columbia. eral, on the date of the completion of ticularly for our new administration-to I have therefore, Mr. Speaker, advised the Stone Mountain Monument, to issue proceed along the course it has already stores businesses, and industries in the a special stamp in commemoration of the charted; the administration will not al Distri~t of Columbia to remain open, and completion of this work of art. The State low any realistic possibility for the all employees to report to work, unless Of Georgia has recognized the artistic achievement of a gel).uine peace to be for personal or religious reasons of their value of this piece of sculpture. It has jeopardized, but neither will it per~it own they desire to either commemorate organized an authority pursuant to State our troops or the people of South Viet Good Friday or the anniversary of the law under which we have completed the nam to be further endangered. death of Martin Luther King. construction of a lake, recreational facil If I may be permitted, I should like Mr. Speaker, the merchants and ities for family boating, camping, and to quote the testimony of the equally citizens of the District of Columbia are fishing, as well as the construction of a distinguished Secretary of State before entitled to the full protection of their building to house historic memorabilia a committee of this Congress last Thurs lives and property. This is the Capital which make this truly an outstanding day. In setting forth the policy. of this of the United States of America, not the place of beauty and recreation through administration, the Secretary said: campus of a controversial college. In out the Southeast. In support of this policy of peace, we light of these notorious threats and as Mr. Speaker, I urge the adoption of are seeking to achieve agreement with North a result of the fact that we are well in my resolution. Vietnam on mutual withdrawal of forces. formed about such threats in advance, we a.re prepared to bring withdrawal of our forces simultaneously With those of North the merchants and other citizens should Vietnam. Withdrawals would reduce the be publicly assured in advance by the LEGISLATION TO AMEND THE 1964 scale of hostilities and would be tangible highest authority, the President of the CRIMINAL JUSTICE ACT and visual evidence of the professed desire United States, that ample protection 8394 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE April 2, 1969 THE "POVERTY" FIASCO ing of convicted criminals who were continu gations that Sherman had been managing ing to preach violence, revolution and draft a string of prostitutes prior to his work on 8396 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE April 2, 1969
In that address, h~ prayed "that the down the responsibilities of office as, in tradi sibilities, each possibly promising in itself, coming years will be blessed with peace." tional and solemn ceremony, the authority may be suggested as the only way to the road of the Presidency is vested in my successor. we wish to travel. But tragically in the 8 years which This evening I come to you with a message But each proposal must be weighed in the fallowed, we have not been blessed with of leave-taking and farewell, and to share light of a broader consideration: the need peace. a few final thoughts with you, my country to maintain balance in and among national President Eisenhower on January 17, men. programs-balance between the private and 1961, also reminded us how essential is Like every other citizen, I wish the new the public economy, balance between cost our Military Establishment in keeping President, and all who will labor with him, and hoped for advantage--balance between the peace: Godspeed. I pray that the coming years will the clearly necessary and the comfortably de be blessed with peace and prosperity for all. sirable; balance between our essential re A vital element in keeping the peace is our Our people expect their President and the quirements as a nation and the duties im Military Establishment. Our arms must be Congress to find essential agreement on is posed by the nation upon the individual; mighty, ready for instant action, so that sues of great moment, the wise resolution balance between actions of the moment and no potential aggressor may be tempted to risk of which will better shape the future of the the national welfare of the future. Good his own destruction. Nation. judgment seeks balance and progress; lack The President stated why an American My own relations with the Congress, of it eventually finds imbalance and frustra which began on a remote and tenuous basis tion. armaments industry is required: when, long ago, a member cf the Senate The record of many decades stands as proof We can no longer risk emergency im appointed. me to West Point, have since that our people and thei:r government have, in provisation of national defense; we have been ranged to the intimate during the wa!' and the main, understood these truths and have compelled to create a permanent armaments immediate post-war period, and, finally, to responded to them well, in the face of stress industry of vast proportions. the mutually interdependent during these and threat. But threats, new in kind or de President Eisenhower recognized that past eight years. grees, constantly arise. I mention two only. In this final relationship, the Congress IV the total influence of an immense Mili and the Administration have, on most vital tary Establishment together with a large issues, cooperated well, to serve the national A vital element in keeping the peace is arms industry was f el.t in governmental good rather than mere partisanship, and so our military establishment. Our arms must have assured that the business of the Nation be mighty, ready for instant action, so that offices throughout the land and he no potential aggressor may be tempted to stated: should go forward. So, my official relation ship with the Congress ends in a feeling, on risk his own destruction. We recognize the imperative need for this my part, of gratitude that we have been able Our military organization today bears development. to do so much together. little relation to that known by any of my predecessors in peacetime, or indeed by the It was at this point, having recognized II fighting men of World War II or Korea. the need for this development, that the We now stand ten years past the midpoint Until the latest of our world conflicts, the President quite properly expressed the of a century that has witnessed four major United States had no armaments industry. need for caution. He said: wars among great nations. Three of these American makers of plowshares could, with In the councils of government, we must involved our own country. Despite these time and as required, make swords as well. guard against the acquisition of unwarranted holocausts America is today the strongest, But now we can no longer risk emergency influence, whether sought or unsought, by the most influential and most productive na improvisation of national defense; we have the military-industrial complex. tion in the world. Understandably proud of been compelled to create a permanent arma this pre-eminence, we yet realize that Amer ments industry of vast proportions. Added These words are, of course, still valid ica's leadership and prestige depend, not to this, three and a half million men and and pertinent today. merely upon our unmatched material prog women are directly engaged in the defense But at the same time we should not ress, riches and m.iltary strength, but on how establishment. We annually spend on mili overlook the important warning con we use our ower in the interests of world tary security more than the net income of all tained in President Eisenhower's farewell peace and human betterment. United States corporations. III This conjunction of an immense military message concerning the danger com establishment and a large arms industry is munism poses to achieving freedom and Throughout America's adventure in free new in the American experience. The total progress in the world. He said: government, our basic purposes have been to influence--economic, political, even spirit keep the peace; to foster progress in human ual-is felt in every city, every State house, We face a hostile ideology-global in scope, achievement; and to enhance liberty, dignity a.theistic in character, ruthless in purpose, every office of the Federal government. We and integrity among people and among na recognize the imperative need for this de and insidious in method. Unhappily the dan tions. To strive for less would be unworthy velopment. Yet we must not fail to compre ger it poses promises to be of indefinite dura of a free and religious people. Any failure tion. To meet it successfully, there is called hend its grave implications. Our toil, re traceable to arrogance, or our lack of com sources and livelihood are all involved; so is for, not so much the emotional and transitory prehension or readiness to sacrifice would in sacrifices of crisis, but rather those which the very structure of our society. flict upon us grievous hurt both at home In the councils of government, we must enable us to carry forward steadily, surely, and abroad. and without complaint the burdens of a pro guard against the acquisition of unwarranted Progress toward these noble goals is per influence, whether sought or unsought, by longed and complex struggle--with liberty sistently threatened by the conflict now en the stake. the military-industrial complex. The poten gulfing the world. It commands our whole tial for the disastrous rise of misplaced power With our Nation now actively engaged attention, absorbs our very beings. We face exists and will persist. in war against forces nurtured and sus a hostile ideology-global in scope, atheistic We must never let the weight of this com in character, ruthless in purpose, and insid bination endanger our liberties or demo tained by the Soviet Union and others, ious in method. Unhappily the danger it those words of warning were all the more cratic processes. We should take nothing for poses promises to be of indefinite duration. granted. Only an alert and knowledgeable prophetic and timely. To meet it successfully, there is called for, ci~izenry can compel the proper meshing of Mr. Speaker, in view of the frequehrt not so much the emotional and transitory the huge industrial and military machinery references we have been hearing about sacrifices of crisis, but rather those which en of defense with our peaceful methods and the phrase "military-industrial complex" able us to carry forward steadily, surely, and goals, so that security and liberty may pros as contained in Mr. Eisenhower's final without complaint the burdens of a pro per together. longed and complex struggle--with liberty Akin to, and largely responsible for the message, I believe it is important that the the stake. Only thus shall we remain, despite entire message be available for study and sweeping changes in our industrial-military every provocation, on our chartered course posture, has been the technological revolu consideration. I am, therefore, including toward permanent peace and human better tion during recent decades. at this point the full text of President ment. In this revolution, research has become Eisenhower's farewell address of January Crises there will continue to be. In meeting central; it also becomes more formalized, 17,1961: them, whether foreign or domestic, great or complex, and costly. A steadily increasing small, there is a recurring temptation to feel share is conducted for, by, or at the direction FAREWELL RADIO AND TELEVISION ADDRESS TO that some spectacular and costly action could of, the Federal government. THE AMERICAN PEOPLE, JANUARY 17, 1961 become the miraculous solution to all current Today, the solitary inventor, tinkering in (Delivered from the President's Office at difficulties. A huge increase in newer ele his shop, has been overshadowed by task 8:30 p.m.) ments of our defense; development of un forces of scientists in laboratories and testing My fells, Mr. BURTON of care, and for other purposes; to the Com trade in iron and steel mm products; to the California, Mr. GAYDOS, Mr. STOKES, mittee on Ways and Means. Committee on Ways and Means. Mr. CLAY, Mr. POWELL, and Mr. REID By Mr. ROGERS of Florida {for him By Mr. McCLURE: of New York) : self and Mr. HALEY) (by request) : H.R. 9854. A b111 to authorize the Secretary H.R. 9866. A b111 to set forth a congres H.R. 9882. A bill to authorize the Secre of the Interior to construct, operate, and sional statement on a national educational tary of the Interior to sell reserved phos maintain the East Greenacres unit, Rath policy and to direct the Secretary of Health, phate interests of the United States in cer drum Prairie project, Idaho, and for other Education, and Welfare to initiate a compre tain lands in Florida to the record owners of purposes; to the Committee on Interior and hensive study on the formulation of a plan the surface thereof; to the Committee on In Insular Affairs. to implement such policy; to the Committee terior and Insular Affairs. By Mr. McCULLOCH: on Education and Labor. By Mr. RUPPE: H.R. 9855. A bill to increase from $600 to By Mr. PICKLE: H.R. 9883. A blll to amend title 13, United $1,000 the personal income tax exemptions H.R. 9867. A blll to exempt from the anti States Code, to limit the categories of ques of a taxpayer (Including the exemption for a trust laws certain joint newspaper operating tions required to be answered under penalty spouse, the exemption for a dependent, and arrangements; to the Committee on the Ju of law in the decennial censuses of popula the additional exemption for old age and diciary. tion, unemployment, and housing, and for bllndness); to the Committee on Way& a.nd By Mr. PODELL: other purposes; to the Committee on Post Means. · H.R. 9868. A bill to prohibit the sale or Office and Civil Service. By Mr. McCULLOCH {for himself, Mr. shipment for use in the United States of By Mr. SANDMAN: GERALD R. FORD, Mr. POFF, Mr. CA the chemical compound known as DDT; to H.R. 9884. A bill to provide for the estab HILL, Mr. MACGREGOR, Mr. MCCLORY, the Committee on Agriculture. lishment of an additional national cemetery Mr. SMITH of New York, Mr. SAND H.R. 9869. A bill to amend Public Law 85- in the State of New Jersey; to the Committee MAN, Mr. RAn.SBACK, Mr. BIESTER, Mr. 905 to provide for a National Center on Edu on Veterans' Affairs. DENNIS, Mr. BETI'S, Mr. CLANCY, Mr. cational Media and Materials for the Handi H.R. 9885. A blll to amend title 38 of the MINSHALL, and Mr. TA.Fr) : capped, and for other purposes; to the Com United States Code in order to provide for H.R. 9856. A blll to amend section 3006A of mittee on Education and Labor. the payment of an additional amount of up title 18, United States Code, relating to rep H.R. 9870. A blll to encourage the involve to $150 for the acquisition of a burial plot resentation of defendants who are financially ment of youth in federally financed programs for the burial of certain veterans; to the unable to obtain an adequate defense In and projects; to the Committee on F.ducation Committee on Veterans' Affairs. criminal cases in the courts of the United and Labor. By Mr. SKUBITZ: States; to the Committee on the Judiciary. H.R. 9871. A bill to protect consumers and H.R. 9886. A bill to amend the Internal By Mrs.MAY: others against misbranding, false invoicing, Revenue Code of 1954 to increase from $600 H.R. 9857. A bill to amend the provisions of and false advertising of decorative wood and to $1,200 the personal income tax exemp simulated wood products; to the Committee tions of a taxpayer (including the exemp the Perishable Agricultural Commodities Act, tion for a spouse, the exemptions for a de 1930, to authorize an increase in license fee, on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. and for other purposes; to the Committee on H.R. 9872. A bill to amend the Federal Food, pendent, and the additional exemptions for Agriculture. Drug, and Cosmetic Act to include a defini old age and blindness); to the Committee on Ways and Means. By Mr. MILLER of Ohio: tion of food supplements, and for other pur poses; to the Committee on Interstate and By Mr. SYMINGTON: H.R. 9858. A blll to provide for orderly H.R. 9887. A blll to amend the Internal trade In footwear; to the Committee on Ways Foreign Commerce. H.R. 9873. A bill to permit a compact or Revenue Code of 1954 to authorize a tax and Means. credit for certain educational expenses; to By Mr. MILLS: agreement between the several States relat ing to taxation of multistate taxpayers; to the Committee on Ways and Means. H.R. 9859. A blll to provide that the days on By Mr. TIERNAN: which presidential elections are held shall be the Committee on the Judiciary. H.R. 9874. A bill to incorporate College H.R. 9888. A bill to enable consumers to legal public holidays; to the Committee on protect themselves against arbitrary, erron the Judiciary. Benefit System of America; to the Commit tee on the Judiciary. eous, and malicious credit information; to By Mr. MURPHY of New York: H.R. 9875. A bill to allow credit under the the Committee on Banking and Currency. H.R. 9860. A blll to provide for improved Civil Service Retirement Act to certain Fed H.R. 9889. A bill to safeguard the con employee-management relations in the postal eral employees for service in Federal-State sumer by requiring greater standards of service, and for other purposes; to the Com cooperative programs in a State, and for care in the issuance of unsolicited credit mittee on Post Office and Civil Service. other purposes; to the Committee on Post cards and by limiting the liability of con By Mr. NICHOLS (by request): Office and Civil Service. sumers for the unauthorized use of credit H.R. 9861. A bill to amend title 10 of the H.R. 9876. A bill to modify the reporting cards, and for other purposes; to the Com United States Code to provide for the ad requirement and establish additional income mittee on Banking and Currency. vancement of certain former members of the exclusions relating to pension for veterans H.R. 9890. A bill to provide for improved Armed Forces on the retired lists; to the and their widows, to liberalize the bar to pay employee-management relations in the post Committee on Armed Services. ment of benefits to remarried widows of vet al service, and for other purposes; to the By Mr. O'NEILL of Massachusetts: erans, to liberalize the oath requirement for Committee on Post Office and Civil Service. H.R. 9862. A bill to provide for the redistri hospitalization of veterans, and for other By Mr. VANIK: bution of unused quota numbers; to the purposes; to the Committee on Veterans' H .R. 9891. A bill to permit State and local Committee on the Judiciary. Affairs. policemen and firemen who do not have By Mr. PERKINS: By Mr. PUCINSKI: coverage pursuant to State agreement under H.R. 9863. A blll to amend title II of the H.R. 9877. A bill to provide for a more con the Federal old-age, survivors, and disability Social Security Act to provide that full old servative capitalization of the St. Lawrence insurance system to elect coverage under age insurance benefits shall be payable at Seaway Development Corporation, and for such system as self-employed individuals; to age 60 to individuals with 20 years or mare other purposes; to the Committee on Public the Committee on Ways and Means. of employment in coal mining; to the Com Works. H.R. 9892. A bill to amend the Internal mittee on Ways and Means. By Mr. RODINO: Revenue Code of 1954 to increase the credit H.R. 9864. A blll to amend the Internal H.R. 9878. A bill to strengthen the crim against tax for retirement income; to the Revenue Code of 1954 to authorize an incen inal penalties for the mailing, importing, or Committee on Ways and Means. tive tax credit allowable with respect to facil transporting of obscene matter, and for other H.R. 9893. A blll to amend the Internal ities to control water and air pollution, t.o purposes; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Revenue Code of 1954 to terminate the credit encourage the construction of such facillties, H.R. 9879. A bill to amend title 18, United for investment in certain depreciable prop and to permit the amortization of the cost States Code, to prohibit the mailing of ob erty; to the Committee on Ways and Means. of constructing such facilities within a pe scene matter to minors, and for other pur H.R. 9894. A bill to amend section 37 of riod of from 1 to 5 years; to the Committee poses; to the Committee on the Judiciary. the Internal Revenue Code of 1954 to equal on Ways and Means. H.R. 9880. A bill to require mailing list ize for all taxpayers the amount which may H.R. 9865. A blll to amend the Internal brokers to register with the Postmaster Gen be taken into account in computing the re Revenue Code of 1954 to increase from $600 eral, and suppliers and buyers of mailing lists tirement income credit thereunder; to the to $1,000 the personal income tax exemption to furnish information to the Postmaster Committee on Ways and Means. of a taxpayer (Including the exemptions for General with respect to their Identity and By Mr. VANIK (for himself, Mr. DENT, a spouse, the exemptions for a dependent, transactions involving the sale or exchange Mr. DULSKI, Mr. EDWARDS of Cali and the additional exemptions for old age of mailing lists, and for other purposes; to fornia, and Mr. VIGORITO): and blindness); to the Committee on Ways the Committee on Post Office and Civil Serv H.R. 9895. A blll to establish a pollution and Means. ice. disaster fund, and for other purposes; to the By Mr. PERKINS {for himself, Mr. By Mr. ROGERS of Florida: Committee on Public Works. THOMPSON Of New Jersey, Mr. DENT, H.R. 9881. A bill to a.mend the Internal By Mr. VANIK {for himself, Mr. AN Mr. DANIELS Of New Jersey, Mr. O' Revenue Code of 1954 to restore to individ NUNZ10, Mr. AsHLEY, Mr. BoLAND, HARA, Mr. CAREY, Mr. HAWK.INS, Mr. uals who have attained the age of 65 the Mr. BRADEMAS, Mr. BROWN of Call- 8402 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 2, 1969 fornia, Mrs. CHISHOLM, Mr. DANIELS FLYNT, Mr. HAGAN, Mr. LANDRUM, Mr. jacking of U.S. aircraft; to the Committee of New Jersey, Mr. DINGELL, Mr. O'NEAL of Georgia, Mr. STEPHENS, on Foreign Affairs. DULSKI, Mr. FARBSTEIN, Mr. FRASER, Mr. STUCKEY, and Mr. THOMPSON of By Mr. FRIEDEL: Mr. GALLAGHER, Mr. GAYDOS, Mr. GI Georgia): H. Res. 357. Resolution providing for an ad AIMO, Mr. GmBONS, Mr. GREEN of H.J. Res. 623. Joint resolution to provide for ditional clerk for all House Members; to the Pennsylvania, Mrs. GRIFFITHS, Mr. the issuance of a special postage stamp in Committee on House Administration. HALPERN, Mrs. HANSEN of Washing commemoration of the completion of the ton, Mr. HELSTOSKI, Mr. HICKS, Mr. carving on Stone Mountain, Ga.; to the Com HUNGATE, and Mr. LONG of Mary mittee on Post Office and Civil Service. MEMORIALS ~ land): By Mr. HOWARD (for himself, Mr. H.R. 9896. A bill to amend the Internal ADAMS, Mr. MINISH, Mr. OTTINGER, Under clause 4 of rule XXII, memorials Revenue Code of 1954 to provide that per Mr. BINGHAM, Mr. MACDONALD of were presented and referred as follows: centage depletion shall not be allowed in the Massachusetts, Mr. HELSTOSKI, Mr. 99. By Mr. HICKS: Memorial of the Wash case of mines, wells, and other natural de RODINO, Mr. TIERNAN, Mr. EDWARDS ington State Legislature recommending use posits located in foreign territory; to the of California," Mrs. MINK, Mr. MIKVA, of Mountain View Hospital at Tacoma, Wash., Committee on Ways and Means. Mr. HANLEY , Mr. BURKE of Massa as a veterans hospital; to the Committee on By Mr. VANIK (for himself, Mr. MAD chusetts, and Mr. HICKS) : Veterans' Affairs. DEN, Mr. McCARTHY, Mr. Moss, Mr. H .J. Res. 624. Joint resolution to designate 100. By the SPEAKER: Memorial of the O'NEILL of Massachusetts, Mr. PRICE the stadium constr uct ed in the District of Senate of the State of Oklahoma, · relative of Illinois, Mr. PODELL, Mr. ROYBAL, Columbia under .authority of the District of to financial qualifications for veterans' Mr. REUSS, Mr. SCHWENGEL, Mr. ST Columbia Stadium Act of 1957 as the "Robert benefits; to the Committee on Veterans• Af GERMAIN , Mr. SANDMAN, Mr. ScHEUER, F. Kennedy Memorial Stadium"; to the Com fairs. Mr. TIERNAN, Mr. THOMPSON of New mittee on the District of Columbia. Jersey, Mr. VIGORITO, and Mr. By Mr. PODELL : WOLFF): H.J. Res. 625. Joint resolution expressing PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS H.R. 9897. A bill to amend the Internal the support of the Congress, and urging the Revenue Code of 1954 to provide that per support of Federal departments and agen Under clause 1 of rule XXII, private centage depletion shall not be allowed in the cies as well as other persons and organiza bills and resolutions were introduced and case of mines, wells, and other natural de tions, both public and privat e, for the in severally referred as follows: posits located in foreign territory; to the ternational biological program; to the Com By Mr. BIAGGI: Committee on Ways and Means. mittee on Science and Astronautics. H.R. 9903. A bill for the relief of certain By Mr. WAGGONNER: By Mr. UDALL: Philippine nurses; to the Committee on the H.R. 9898. A bill to increase from $600 to H.J. Res. 626. Joint resolution proposing Judiciary. $1,500 the personal income tax exemptions an amendment to the Constitution of the By Mr. BURKE of Massachusetts: of a taxpayer (including the exemption for United States relative to equal rights for H.R. 9904. A bill for the relief of Marlies a spouse, the exemption for a dependent, and men and women; to the Committee on the Soraperra; to the Committee on the Judi the additional exemption for old age and Judiciary. ciary. blindness); to the Committee on Ways and By Mr. WILLIAMS: By Mr. CAREY: Means. H.J. Res. 627. Joint resolution proposing an H.R. 9905. A bill for the relief of Shlomo By Mr. WAMPLER: amendment to the Constitution of the Levy; to the Committee on the Judiciary. H.R. 9899. A bill to authorize the lease of United States relative to equal rights for By Mr. CHAMBERLAIN: burley tobacco acreage allotments; to the men and women; to the Committee on the H .R. 9906. A bill for the relief of J. Bur Committee on Agriculture. Judiciary. dette Shaft and John S. and Betty Gingas; By Mr. WOLFF: By Mr. WOLD: to the Committee on the Judiciary. H.R. 9900. A bill to amend the Foreign H.J. Res. 628. Joint resolution to authorize By Mr. DOWNING: Assistance Act of 1961 to prohibit the fur the President to issue a proclamation desig H.R. 9907. A bill to authorize the President nishing of assistance to countries in which nating December 1969 as "National Women's to award the Medal for Merit to Oskar J. W. individuals are receiving training as members Suffrage and Equality State Month" in com Hansen in recognition of his extraordinary of the so-called Palestine Liberation Army; memoration of the 100th anniversary of the artistic achievement in the execution of the to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. birth of women's suffrage in Wyoming and sculpture Liberty at Yorktown, Va.; to the By Mr. WYATT: the world; to the Committee on the Judi Committee on Armed Services. H.R. 9901. A bill to provide for better ad ciary. By Mrs. HECKLER of Massachusetts: ministration of the National Park Service and By Mr. CLARK: H.R. 9908. A bill for the relief of Mrs. Marie of the electric power marketing programs of H. Con. Res. 195. Concurrent resolution rel Acierno and her children, Regina, Giuditta, the Department of the Interior; to the Com ative to Citizens Radio Service; to the Com and Diana Acierno; to the Committee on the mittee on Ways and Means. mittee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. Judiciary. By Mr. BROYHILL of Virginia: By Mr. STEIGER of Wisconsin (for By Mr. HELSTOSKI: H.R. 9902. A bill to amend title 13, United himself, Mr. BROWN of Michigan, Mr. H.R. 9909. A bill for the relief of Fulvo De States Code, to limit the categories of ques CEDERBERG, Mr. HARVEY , Mr. HASTINGS, Rosa; to the Committee on the Judiciary. tions required to be answered under penalty Mr. KYL, Mr. RIEGLE , Mr. ROBISON , By Mr. HUNGATE: of law in the decennial censuses of popula Mr. RUPPE, Mr. SCHADEBERG, Mr. H.R. 9910. A bill for the relief of Mr. Hanni tion, unemployment, and housing, and for Mr. THOMSON of WiscOIIliS1n, and Mr. bal B. Taylor; to the Committee on the Judi other purposes; to the Committee on Post ZION): ciary. Office and Ci vii Service. H. Con. Res. 196. Concurrent resolution By Mr. BERRY: to express the sense of the Congress with re H.J. Res. 622. Joint resolution proposing spect to an international agreement among ~ETITIONS, ETC. an amendment to the Constitution of the major dairy product producing countries United States relative to equal rights for providing for orderly and equitable dispol?al Under clause 1 of rule X:XII, men and women; to the Committee on the of surplus dairy products; to the Committee 87. The SPEAKER presented a petition of Judiciary. on Foreign Affairs. Mr. Terpon Hriston Sarron, Varna, Bulgaria, By Mr. BLACKBURN (for himself, Mr. By Mr. DULSKI: relative to a veteran's pension, which was re BRINKLEY, Mr. DAVIS Of Georgia, Mr. H . Res. 356. Resolution relative to the hi- ferred to the Committee on Veterans' Affairs.
EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS TRIBUTE TO THE LIFE SERVICE AND many cherished memories of Dwight achievements with the line of Alfred Lord CHARACTER OF DWIGHT D. EI David Eisenhower. These memories of my Tennison describing Sir Galahad, "His SENHOWER President and my leader are personally strength is as the strength of 10 because very dear and are historically significant his heart is pure." chiefly because in essence they bear out No man I ever met, save only my own HON. THOMAS M. PELLY the character and integrity of this great father, represented so much in the way OF WASHINGTON American. of personal integrity. From the time General Eisenhower IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Today I cannot add to what has been Monday, March 31, 1969 visited Seattle and I had the privilege of presenting him to a huge audience during said during the past few days when a Mr. PELLY. Mr. Speaker, my service his first presidential campaign, until now, grateful and grieving nation, and indeed in the Congress during the 8 years of the when his service to the Nation is com the world, paid tribute to the general's Eisenhower administration carry with it pleted, I have associated his life and life and service. But, in all humbleness