February 13, 2019 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1321 Configuration; thirty (30) Namer Armored speaking their language, as did Federal Legislature recognizing De- Personnel Carrier (APC–MT883) Power Government Indian boarding schools, cember 10, 2019, as Wyoming Women’s Packs, Less Transmission (NPPLT) in Light the U.S. military came to greatly ap- Day. Configuration; and one hundred seventy-nine preciate the strategic advantage the (179) Control and Diagnostic Systems (CDS). On December 10, 1869, the Wyoming Also included is an Integrated Logistics Sup- unwritten Dine language held. Territory passed the first law in U.S. port package that includes: special tools for Mr. Newman enlisted in the Marines, history granting women the right to C-Level maintenance; oil spray nozzle test in 1943, when he was 18, inspired to de- vote and hold public office. This right bench; preservation and packaging; con- fend the Nation in light of the attack became so important to the people of tainers; configuration management; tech- on Pearl Harbor. He, along with an es- Wyoming that, when the State sought nical manuals, spare parts catalogs, other timated 44,000 other Native Americans, statehood, it refused to enter the documentation and publications, and other served in World War II, even though Union if this right was not protected. related elements of logistics and program they couldn’t vote in U.S. elections and support. The total estimated program cost is In 2015, I came to the floor to speak faced discrimination within the mili- $238 million. in honor of the 125th anniversary of The is committed to the se- tary. Wyoming statehood. I shared with the Soon after Mr. Newman enlisted, he curity of Israel, and it is vital to U.S. na- Senate the challenge Wyoming faced was assigned to a secret mission, as tional interests to assist Israel to develop from Congress in its quest to become a and maintain a strong and ready self-defense part of the Navajo code talkers. He at- member of the Union. I believe it is capability. This proposed sale is consistent tended code school, learning the com- timely to share that story again. with those objectives. plex code by memory, and learned how The proposed sale will improve Israel’s ca- to operate communications equipment. The debate in Congress was conten- pability to meet current and future threats tious, with the arguments centering on in the defense of its borders. These upgraded Serving in the 1st Battalion, 21st Ma- rine Regiment, 3rd Marine Division, Al- one of our most proud accomplish- power packs will be used on their Armored ments: a decision made long before Wy- Personnel Carriers (APC–MT883) that were fred was stationed in New Caledonia, fielded in 2008. Israel will have no difficulty Guadalcanal, Bougainville Island, oming became a State. On December absorbing this equipment into its armed , and Iwo Jima, among other 10, 1869, the was forces. duty stations. He saw battle at the lat- the first in the United States to grant The proposed equipment and support will ter three locations and was stationed women the right to vote. not alter the basic military balance in the in Iwo Jima during 28 days of the fa- Efforts to attain statehood finally region. came to fruition 20 years later. It was The prime contractor will be MTU Amer- mous battle and was there the day the ica, Novi, MI. MTU America is the North Americans raised the flag over Mount incumbent on our delegate to the U.S. American subsidiary of Rolls Royce Power Suribachi. Mr. Newman was honorably House of Representatives, Joseph M. Systems. There are no known offset agree- discharged with the rank of corporal in Carey, to convince his colleagues to ments proposed in connection with this po- December 1945. support the statehood bill. tential sale. After his discharge, he came back to On March 26, 1890, the day of the Implementation of this proposed sale will , and married his sweet- statehood bill debate, Joseph Carey not require the assignment of any additional heart, Betsy Eleanore Denetsone. He U.S. Government or contractor representa- spoke passionately about Wyoming. tives to Israel. worked as an ammunition inspector at His words still hold true today. He said There will be no adverse impact on U.S. de- Fort Wingate and then at an open-pit that Wyoming was rich in agricultural fense readiness as a result of this proposed mine overseeing blasting at Kirkland possibilities. He explained Wyoming sale. Field. Together, he and Betsy have 5 was one of nature’s great storehouses f children, 13 grandchildren, and 3 great- of minerals. Joseph Carey also talked grandchildren and were married 69 TRIBUTE TO ALFRED K. NEWMAN about grazing development, edu- years before his passing. cational leadership, widespread railway Mr. UDALL. Mr. President, today I The Japanese famously never broke construction, the model Constitution, wish to pay tribute to Alfred K. New- the Navajos’ code, and Navajo code and the unique opportunities for man, one of last remaining Navajo code talkers are credited with playing a de- women. talkers, who passed away on January cisive role in key World War II battles, Yet opponents to our statehood did 13 of this year. including Iwo Jima. The Navajo code not support women having the right to Mr. Newman was born in Coolidge, talker mission was kept secret until vote. On the same day as Joseph NM, on July 21, 1924. He was 1968, when it was declassified. In 2000, Carey’s impassioned speech, Represent- ´ ´ Naaneesht’ezhi Dine’e—Zuni Clan—and Congress awarded the Congressional ative William Oates of Alabama argued ´ born for Tsi’naajınii—Black Streak Silver Medal to the Navajo code talk- against our admittance to the Union. Wood People Clan. One of six children, ers. Like so many others, Mr. Newman He said, ‘‘Mr. Speaker, I do not hesi- his mother wove rugs that were sold at was humble about his bravery in serv- tate to say that in my judgment the the Coolidge Trading Post and his step- ice and modest about his medals. Dur- franchise has been too liberally ex- father worked as a silversmith there. ing a 2010 interview for an oral history tended. Should we ever reach universal When Mr. Newman was about 8 years project, Mr. Newman was asked, ‘‘How suffrage this Government will become old, his family sent him to the Reho- did [the war] change you?’’ He replied practically a pure democracy and then both Mission School, where he boarded that, ‘‘Before the war, I was just going the days of its existence are num- during the 9 month school year and just like any other non-Navajo. Peace- bered.’’ rarely saw his parents. During the ful, no worries. Doing what I like. But summers, he herded sheep. At one The U.S. House of Representatives when the war came, it was a different narrowly passed Wyoming’s statehood point, they had a herd of 200, and the story. So I had to do what needed to be young shepherd loved watching the liz- bill with a vote of 139 to 127. The U.S. done.’’ Senate passed the bill on June 27, 1890. ards, birds, and bugs that surrounded We are forever grateful to Mr. New- Wyoming officially became the 44th him as he herded. man and all his fellow courageous code State on July 10, 1890, and became the Mr. Newman grew up knowing both talkers for doing ‘‘what needed to be first state to allow women the right to Navajo and English. However, the done’’ to defend our country. We will vote and hold public office. boarding students were not allowed to always honor and will never forget speak Navajo at the school. One time, their service and sacrifice to the Na- I ask unanimous consent to have when he spoke in Navajo, in order to tion. printed in the RECORD Enrolled Joint Resolution No. 1 of the Sixty-Fifth help another Navajo student who knew f no English, he was punished by having Legislature of the State of Wyoming to write ‘‘I must not speak Navajo’’ 500 150TH ANNIVERSARY OF WOMEN’S recognizing December 10, 2019, as Wyo- times. SUFFRAGE ming Women’s Suffrage Day. While the missionaries at the Reho- Mr. BARRASSO. Mr. President, There being no objection, the mate- both Mission School forbade Mr. New- today, Wyoming Governor Mark Gor- rial was ordered to be printed in the man and other Navajo students from don will sign a joint resolution of the RECORD, as follows:

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:46 Feb 14, 2019 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00037 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A13FE6.006 S13FEPT1 S1322 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 13, 2019

ENROLLED JOINT RESOLUTION NO. 1, SENATE for every adult woman, some lawmakers per- Whereas, all these milestones illuminate SIXTY-FIFTH LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF chance hoped suffrage would entice more and strengthen Wyoming’s heritage as the WYOMING women to the state; and ‘‘Equality State’’; and Whereas, some lawmakers may have be- Whereas, December 10, 2019 marks the 2019 GENERAL SESSION lieved that women’s suffrage was consistent 150th anniversary of the date women’s suf- A Joint Resolution recognizing December with the goals articulated in post-Civil War frage became law. 10, 2019 as Wyoming Women’s Suffrage Day. Amendment XV to the United States Con- Now, therefore, be it resolved by the members 1Whereas, Wyoming is often referred to as stitution guaranteeing the ‘‘right of citizens of the Legislature of the State of Wyoming: the ‘‘Cowboy State,’’ its more apt sobriquet of the United States to vote shall not be de- Section 1. That the Wyoming legislature is the ‘‘Equality State’’; and nied or abridged by the United States or by commemorates 2019 as a year to celebrate Whereas, women, like all persons, have al- any state on account of race, color, or pre- the one hundred fiftieth (150th) anniversary ways inherently held the right to vote and vious condition of servitude’’; and of the passage of women’s suffrage. participate in their government; and Whereas, some lawmakers inherently knew Section 2. That the Wyoming legislature is Whereas, Wyoming was the first govern- that guaranteeing the right of women to proud of its heritage as the first state to rec- ment to explicitly acknowledge and affirm vote was, simply, the right thing to do; and ognize the right of women to vote and hold women’s inherent right to vote and to hold Whereas, the Territorial Legislature ad- office, hereby affirming its legacy as the office; and vanced a suffrage bill stating, ‘‘That every ‘‘Equality State.’’ Whereas, this inherent right, at the found- woman of the age of twenty-one years, resid- Section 3. That the Secretary of State of ing of the United States, was inhibited; and ing in this territory, may, at every election Wyoming transmit a copy of this resolution Whereas, women, at the founding of the to be holden under the laws thereof, cast her to the National Women’s Hall of Fame in United States, were also prevented from vote. And her rights to the elective franchise support of ’ induction holding office; and and to hold office shall be the same under into the Women of the Hall. Whereas, women’s suffrage—the basic en- the election laws of the territory, as those of Section 4. That the Wyoming legislature franchisement of women—began to burgeon electors’’ and that ‘‘This act shall take effect encourages its citizens and invites its visi- in the United States in the 1840s and contin- and be in force from and after its passage’’; tors to learn about the women and men who ued to gain momentum over the next dec- and made women’s suffrage in Wyoming a re- ades, despite the oppressive atmosphere in Whereas, when invited to join the Union, ality, thereby blazing a trail for other states, which women were not allowed to divorce demanding that women’s suffrage be re- and eventually the federal government, to their husbands or show their booted ankles voked, the Wyoming Legislature said, ‘‘We recognize the inherent right of men and without risk of public scandal or worse; and will remain out of the Union one hundred women alike to elect their leaders and hold Whereas, during the 1850s, activism to sup- years rather than come in without the office. port women’s suffrage gathered steam, but women’’; and f lost momentum when the Civil War began; Whereas, in July 1890, Esther Hobart Mor- and ris presented the new Wyoming state flag to RECOGNIZING OLD GLORY HONOR Whereas, in the fall of 1868, three (3) years Governor Francis E. Warren during the FLIGHT after the had ended, statehood celebration, making Wyoming the Union Army General Ulysses S. Grant was 44th state to enter the Union and the first Ms. BALDWIN. Mr. President, today elected President, and chose John Campbell with its women holding the right to vote and I rise to recognize the Old Glory Honor to serve as Governor of the Wyoming Terri- serve in elected office; and Flight organization, as it makes its tory; and Whereas, the United States did not endorse maiden flight to Vietnam to bring 53 Whereas, Joseph A. Carey, who was there- women’s suffrage until 1920 with the ratifica- veterans back to the place where they after appointed to serve as Attorney General tion of the 19th Amendment to the U.S. Con- risked their lives for our Nation. I am of the Wyoming Territory, issued a formal stitution; and legal opinion that no one in Wyoming could Whereas, despite the passage of the 19th honored to pay tribute to this impor- be denied the right to vote based on race; Amendment, women of color continued to tant first flight and to honor their sac- and face barriers with exercising their right to rifices. Whereas, the first Wyoming Territorial vote, as American Indian men and women The all-volunteer organization, Old Legislature, comprised entirely of men, re- were not recognized as United States citizens Glory Honor Flight, was founded in quired consistent and persistent inveigling permitted to vote until the passage of the In- 2009 by individuals who had a dream of to warm to the notion of suffrage; and dian Citizenship Act of 1924, and ongoing ra- creating an honor flight experience for Whereas, abolitionist and woman suffrage cial discrimination required the passage and activist, Esther Hobart Morris, was born in military veterans in northeast Wis- implementation of the Voting Rights Act of consin. A dedicated board of volunteers Tioga County, New York, on August 8, 1812, 1965; and and later became a successful milliner and Whereas, achieving voting rights for all launched the first official flight on Oc- businesswoman; and women required firm and continuing resolve tober 27, 2009, when they hosted 95 Whereas, Esther Hobart Morris, widowed in to overcome reluctance, and even fervent op- World War II veterans on a trip to our 1843, moved to Peru, Illinois, to settle the position, toward this rightful enfranchise- Nation’s Capital to experience first- property in her late husband’s estate and ex- ment; and hand the national memorials honoring perienced the legal hardships faced by Whereas, Wyoming, the first to recognize women in Illinois and New York; and American military servicemembers. women’s suffrage, blazed a trail of other The honor flight’s mission is to cre- Whereas, Esther Hobart Morris married noteworthy milestones, such as Louisa John Morris, a prosperous merchant, and in Swain, of Laramie, casting the first ballot by ate a safe and memorable experience 1869 moved to the camp at South a woman voter in 1870; and for veterans who call Wisconsin home. Pass City, a small valley situated along the Whereas, in 1870 the first jury to include Until now, each honor flight has taken banks of Willow Creek on the southeastern women was in Wyoming and was sworn in on place within a single day, sending vet- end of the Wind River Mountains in the Wyo- March 7 in Laramie; and erans to , DC, to thank ming Territory just north of the Whereas, Esther Hobart Morris was ap- them for all they sacrificed to keep our Trail; and pointed to serve as justice of the peace in Nation safe and free. Since its incep- Whereas, William Bright, a saloonkeeper, February 1870, making her the first woman also from the once bustling frontier mining to serve as a judge in the United States; and tion, Old Glory Honor Flight has flown town South Pass City, was elected to serve Whereas, Wyoming women become the more than 3,500 veterans on more than in the Territorial Legislature and was elect- first women to vote in a presidential election 40 missions. ed as president of the Territorial Council; in 1892; and Through the generous support of in- and Whereas, in 1894 Wyoming elected Estelle dividuals and businesses, Old Glory Whereas, the Territorial Legislature met Reel to serve as the state superintendent of Honor Flight has grown tremendously in 1869 in and passed bills and reso- public instruction, making her one of the in the past decade. This month, for the lutions formally enabling women to vote and first women in the United States elected to hold property and formally assuring equal serve in a statewide office; and first time in its 10-year existence, the pay for teachers; and Whereas, the residents of the town of Jack- organization is sending 53 veterans who Whereas, William Bright introduced a bill son in 1920 elected a city council composed served in Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, to recognize the right of Wyoming women to entirely of women – dubbed the ‘‘petticoat and Thailand back to Vietnam for 2 vote; and government’’ by the press – making it the weeks. Whereas, no records were kept of the de- first all-women government in the United Wisconsinites owe a debt of gratitude bate between Wyoming territorial law- States; and to these servicemembers who answered makers, although individuals likely asserted Whereas, in 1924 Wyoming elected Nellie a myriad of motivations and intentions in Tayloe Ross to serve as governor of the great our country’s call to serve and defend supporting women’s suffrage; and state of Wyoming, making her the first the United States. These veterans Whereas, the Wyoming Territory popu- woman to be sworn in as governor in these served with honor and endured the hor- lation at the time consisted of six adult men United States; and rors of war. When they returned home,

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:46 Feb 14, 2019 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00038 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A13FE6.009 S13FEPT1