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Special , 1960 Special Libraries,

7-1-1960

Special Libraries, July-August 1960

Special Libraries Association

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SPECIAL LIBRARIES ASSOCIATION Pntting Knowledxe lo Work OFFICERS DIRECTORS President SARAAULL WINIFREDSEWELL Uniz'enity of Houston Squibb Institute for Medical Research Houston 4, Texas New Brunswlck, New Jersey LORRAINECIBOCH First Vice-president and President-Elect Charles Bruning Co., Inc. EUGENEB. JACKSON Mount Prospect, Illinois General Motors Corpovarion, 1Vawe11,Mich,KCrri W. ROY HOLLEMAN Second Vice-president Scripps Institution of Oceanography PAULL. KNAPP La Jolla, California The Ohio Oil Company, Liitleto~~,Color.do Secretary ALVINAF. WASSENBERG MRS.JEANNE B. NORTH Kaiser Aluminum C Chemical Corp. United Aircraft . EUJt Efdr tford 8. COIIN. Spokane, Washington Treasurer OLIVEE. KENNEDY Room 5600, 30 Rockefellrr Plaza, Aru I'oli, R'. 1'. Immediate Past-President DONALDWASSON DR. BURTONW. ADKINSON Council on Foreign relation^ National Science Poundation, Washington, D. C. New York, New York EXECUTIVE SECRETARY: BILL M. WOODS ASSISTANTTO THE EXECUTIVESECRETARY: KATHRYN E. SMITH Special Libraries Association 31 East 10 Street, New York 3, New York MEMBERSHIP Dues: Sustaining - $100 ; Active - $15;Associate - $10 ; Afiliate - $15 ; Student - $2 ; Emeritus - $5 ; Life - $250. For qualifications, privileges and further information, write the Executive Secretary, Special Libraries Association.

PUBLICATIONS Aviation subject headings, 1949 ...... $1.75 National insurance organizations in the Bibliography of engineering abstract- United States and Canada, 1957 ...... $3.50 ing services (SLA bibliography no. Nicknames of American cities, towns lj, 1955 ...... 1.50 and villages past and present, 19SI .... 2.00 Bibliography of new guides and aids Picture sources: an introductory list, to public documents use 1953-1956 1959 ...... 3.50 (SLA bibliography no. 2), 1957 ...... 1.50 SLA directory of members, as of Sep- A brief for corporation libraries, 1949 .... 1.75 tember 1956, 1957 ...... 1.00 A checklist for the organization, opera- SLA loan collection of classification tion and evaluation of a company li- schemes and subject heading lists, 1959 2.50 brart !960 ...... 2 00 Source Gst of selected labor statistics, Contri utlons toward a special rev. ed., 19.53 ...... 2.00 glossary, 2nd ed., 1950 ...... 1.25 Sources of commodity prices, 1960 ...... 5.00 Correlation index document series & Special Libraries Association-its first PB reports, 1953 ...... 10.00 fifty years, 1909-1959, 1959 ...... 2.50 Creation & development of an insur- 2.00 Special Libraries Association personnel ance library, rev. ed., 1949 ...... survey 1959, 1960 ...... 1.00 5.00 Directory of special libraries, 1953 ...... Subject headings for aeronautical en- Fakes and forgeries in the fine arts, 1950 1.75 gineering libraries, 1949 ...... 4.00 Handbook of commercial, financial and Subject headings for financial librar- information services, 5th rev. ed., ies, 1954 ...... 5.00 1956 5.00 ...... Technical libraries, their organization Handbook of scientific and technical and management, 1951 6.00 awards in the United States and ...... Canada. 1900-1952,1956 ...... 3.00 Translators and translations: services and Map collections in the U. S. and Can- sources, 1959 ...... 2.50 ada ; a directory, 1954 ...... 3.00 Visual presentation. Our library, 1953 .... 5.00 TECHNICAL BOOK REVIEW INDEX-Subscription, $7.50; Foreign, $8.00; Single copies, 754

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SPECIAL LIBRARIES SPECIAL LIBRARIES Oficial lournal Special Libraries Association

Volume 51, No. 6 CONTENTS JULY-AUGUST 1960

Picture Research at the DR. EDGARBREITENBACH A Survey of Special Library Education ELIZABETHW. OWENS Collegiate Training for Library Technicians LUCYJ. MADDOX Recruiting Librarians with Advanced Training in Specialized Fields The Use of Data Processing Equipment for the Control and Circulation of Magazines RONALDL. BOOSER Planning the New Library: Thiokol Chemical Corporation's Reaction Motors Division Library WILLIAMA. WEISER Developments in Photoreproduction LORETTAJ. KIERSKY This Works for Us: Linedex Panels for Periodical Routing BEATRICESAUNDERS

SPECIAL LIBRARIES ASSOCIATION New President's Message SLA's President, 1960-1961 SLA Executive Board 1960-1961 SLA Sustaining Members News from SLA Headquarters

NEWS Spotted Have You Heard Off the Press

Editor: MARYL. ALLISON

SPECIAL LIBRARIES is published by Special Libraries Association, monthly September to April. bimonthly May to August, at 73 Main Street, Brattleboro. Vermont. Editorial O5ces: 31 East 10 St., Xew York 3, Xew York. rn Subscriptions: U. 9. $7; foreign, $7.50; stngle copies Tie. rn Second class postage paid at Brattleboro. Vermont. rn Papers published in SPECIAL LIBRARIES ezprers the views of the authors and do not represent the opinion or the policv of the editorial staff or the publishm. Manwcripts submitted for publication must be typed double space on only one side of paper and mailed to the editor. rn Reprints may be ordered immediately before or after uublication. O--. bv S~ecial Libraries Association 1960. INDEXED IN Llusiness Periodicals Index, Public Affair.? Information Senice, Library Literature, Busin~ssHetho& and Library Scienre Abstracts. The first reproduction of this valu- There are 3065 9E" x 13" pages able out-of-print reference sold out quick- in 4 volumes bound in boards for $103.00. ly last year. Now, new master plates are Order number is OP 465. being made, and completed copies will soon be ready. The page size is slightly The first supplement to the List- smaller than the original Uniolz List but 6v2" x 10"- casebound - $22.00. Order completely readable, as shown below. number-OP 466.

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SPECIAL LIBRARIES T IS EXCITING to be a special li- I brarian during today's "information revolution." Among government of- ficials, businessmen and scientists, there is an increased recognition of information as an important resource. As information experts, we not only have more to do but are given greater responsibility and a wider scope for using our various talents. At the same time the new technologies have pen- etrated into all our libraries, whether in the form of some punch-card or electronic technique, rapid photo- copying methods dr published indexes and directories more efficiently pre- pared through automation. Winifred The Special Libraries Association has been a part of such advances for Sewell a half century. Our founders, through their willingness to work for SLA, started a tradition. Like a chain letter, it has multiplied until now nearly half President of our members work in a Division, Chapter or Committee to maintain the 1960-1961 Association's strong, complex, unique organization. To keep in step with the quickening pace, we must make time occasionally to conserve and direct our strength. We need to search out the answers to crucial questions. What are our most important activities? What future de- velopments will affect them? What goals must we set in order to be an even stronger Association in 1970 than we are now? WINIFRED SEWELL

JULY-AUGUST 1960 SL A's President, 1960-1961 S A MEMBER of Special Libraries Association, Winifred Sewell needs no introduction. A As an active participant nationally and internationally in the field of pharmaceu- tical literature and abstracting, she needs no explanation. As a librarian she needs no apologies. Winnie is a graduate of the State University of Washington at Pullman. There she majored in English and languages, although she was almost enticed into chemistry. After graduation she moved east to New York and obtained her B.S. in L.S. from the Columbia University School of Library Service in 1940. However, this was not the end of Winnie's formal education. She continued taking courses in science and languages, including Russian, for another ten years. Winnie has more than the equivalent of a Ph.D., but all at the undergraduate level. She is convinced that the rewards of a career in a scientific library are much greater for librarians with a scientific background. Before assuming her present position, Winnie worked full-time in the Columbia University Libraries for four years and then at the library of the Wellcome Research Laboratories for four years. Since 1946 she has been Senior Librarian at the Squibb Institute for Medical Research in New Brunswick, New Jersey. Professionally her activities have been many and varied. In the past year, aside from being Vice-president of Special Libraries Association, she taught the course on Pharmaceutical Literature and Librarianship at Columbia University last summer and has been an active member of the Ad Hoc Committee for Revision of the U. S. Patent Office Steroid Code and of the Federation lnternationale Pharmaceutique Commission on Pharmaceutical Abstracts, which met in Berne last September. Recently she served as chairman of an industry committee of the Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Associa- tion to gather information on drug discoveries made in the United States and Europe. As a member of Special Libraries Association she has served as an officer and as committee chairman in both the New York and the New Jersey Chapters. Winnie was active in organizing the Pharmaceutical Section and served as its first Vice-chairman. In 1952-53 she was Chairman of the Section. From 1948 to 1960, except for one year as assistant editor, she edited the Section's monthly publication, Unlisted Drugs. She has been chairman of the Section's Committee to Study Pharmaceutical Abstract Publication and of the Contact Committee on Pharmaceutical Literature Control. On the national level she has been a member of numerous committees. In conjunction with her professional activities Winnie has also found time to con- tribute articles to publications of the Association and the American Chemical Society as well as to Special Libraries. Winnie's hobbies are as varied as her professional interests. She enjoys hiking and has sandwiched hiking trips in the Rockies, the Cascades and the High Sierras into her itinerary when she visits her family home in the State of Washington. Switzerland's Alps provided her with a new territory for hiking after last summer's FIP meeting. Although her car has curtailed her bicycling jaunts, she has biked through New England, Old England and Brittany. Her other interests include the theater, bowling, bridge and ball games. At her charming converted carriage house in Highland Park, New Jersey, two more hobbies are on display. One is a wall decorated with maps collected during her travels here and abroad; the other is an enormous garden. Winnie's quiet competence in many fields, her organizational ability and her record of achievements assure a successful year for Special Libraries Association. WILMA F. KUJAWSKI

278 SPECIAL LIBRARIES SLA Executive Board 1960-1961 First Vice-president and President-Elect EUGENE B. JACKSON received his B.S. from Purdue University, a B.S.L.S. and M.S.L.S. from the University of Illinois and studied in the ASTP Program in Mechani- cal Engineering at Texas Technological College. After gaining experience in a variety of university. public. U. S. Army and aeronautical libraries, Mr. Jackson was appointed Chief of Aeronautical Intelligence, National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics in 1950 and two years later was made Chief of NACA's Division of Research Information. He joined General Motors Corporation as Librarian of its Research Laboratories in Warren, Michigon, in 1956 and three years later organ- ized the first Conference on Technical Literature Activities for the company. He is active in domestic and international documentation activities in aeronautics and automotive engineering and has served in on advisory capacity to various federal organizations. Mr. Jackson attributes much of his success to a series of outstanding supervisors, including Rochael Schenk, John MacKenzie Cory and Ernest Miller, to the challenges offered him in the Technology Department of the Detroit back in 1942 and to early SLA assignments with Thelma Hoffman, Gretchen Little, Marie Goff and Robert Sale as colleagues. He has been active on numerous Association committees, the most important being Chairman of the Translation Center Committee, Association Director, President of the Cincinnati Chapter and Chairman of the Science-Technology Division. The role the librarian plays in research is most important, he feels: "Research reports are the record of millions of dollors spent in investigations in government, universities and industries. Active participation of special librarians and their encouragement of participation by scientific-oriented 'documentalists' in the utilization programs based on these reports is the only way to avoid expensive duplication and misdirected efforts." For relaxation Mr. Jackson enjoys square dancing with his wife (also an SLAer and librarian on the engineering staff of General Motors), bowling and camping.

Second Vice-president and Chairman of Advisory Council PAUL L. KNAPP began his library career as a page in the Kalamazoo Public Li- brary where he began to learn librarianship from the bottom up. After graduating from Western Michigan University he earned his A.B. in L.S. at the University of North Carolina where, he recalls, Susan Grey Akers, then Director of the Library School, "had the vision to see the special library future and was willing to accept science-trained persons into librarianship." After two years os Chemistry Librarian at the University of Cincinnati, Mr. Knapp worked at the University of Illinois while studying for his A.M. in L.S. The Director of Libraries there, Phineos 1. Windsor, taught him a valuable lesson by "demonstrating the value of collecting seemingly strange publications for future research." Following positions with the Technology Department of the Toledo Public Library, Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corp., the Uni- h~aswe~~versity of Nebraska and Drake University, he was employed by The Ohio Oil Com- pany to organize and be Librarian of its new Research Center in Littleton, Colorado. Mr. Knapp has been President of the Colorado Chapter and in February of this year was Chairman of the "Forum on the Abstracting and Indexing of Petroleum Exploration and Production Literature," sponsored by the Petroleum Section. He believes "SLA must consider a broadening of scope which expands beyond the traditional library service and encompasses the total information production, indexing, search and dissemination process. Much dynamic work is being pursued by other groups and associations which will depreciate the prestige and position of SLA if it lets others carry out studies which it should be conduct- ing." Mr. Knopp enjoys training and showing dogs, fishing, hunting, golf, tennis and hiking and has been active in YMCA work.

Secretary

MRS. JEANNE B. NORTH recalls that as a child she created subiect card indexes to magazines and that one of her favorite Christmas presents was a file for clippings. After earnin,g a Special Certificate in Aeronautical Engineering from Cornell Uni- versity and a B.S. from the State University of Iowa, she studied for her B.S.L.S. at Columbia University School of Library Service. Following positions as Junior Liaison Engineer with Curtiss-Wright Corporation in Buffalo and as Junior Liaison Engineer with Wilson Chemical Feeders, Mrs. North joined United Aircraft Corporation in 1948 as Roving Librarian. One year later she was mode Reference Librarian and in 1957 Head Librarian. Her previous principal activities in SLA include being President of the Connecticut Valley Chapter, Chairmon of the Metals Division and Chairman of the Special Libraries Committee. She readily admits that "Much of my adult professional enthusiosm has come from the stimulating contact with friends in Chapter and Division activities. In providing a forum for new ideas and a court of professional opinion, SLA is both a stimulus for forward thinking and a moderating influence on untried proposals." Mrs. North is also octive in the Society of Technical Writers and Editors ond is currently serving as its Secretary. JULY-AUGUST 1960 279 Treasurer OLIVE KENNEDY is a graduate of Skidmore College with a degree from Columbia University. Prior to becoming Librarion for the Offices of Messers Rockefeller in in 1951, she held library and research jobs with the New York State Department of Taxotion and Finance, "Business Week," McGraw- Hill Publishing Company, the National Electrical Manufacturers Association and Amos Parrish & Company. Miss Kennedy has sewed on the Association's Finance, Convention, Headquarters Personnel and Constitution and Bylaws Committees and has been President of the New York Chapter and editor of the "News." She is a theatergoer, likes to travel and collects miniature vases. Miss Kennedy has co mented: "The special librarion should take the initiative in his organization to pro- mote SLA through his personal and professional activities. In the same manner, the Association, through its membership, con contribute to development of research in many areas."

Directors

SARA A. AULL came to the University of Houston Library as Reference Librarian with a varied background in the Dayton and New York public libraries, the Lansing and New York public schools, the US. Foreign Economic Administration Library and the Public Relotions Department of the Association of American Railroads. Special librarians Hazel B. Macdonald and Elizabeth 0.Cullen were very helpful during her Washington assignments and when she arrived in Texas she remembers that "Members of the Texas Chapter invited me to join SLA. Their friendliness, professional attitude and the purposefulness of their meetings and projects sparked my interest." Miss Aull helped plan the Institute for Special Libraries in Houston and has just completed a term as President of the Texas Chapter. She believes the Association is worthwhile because "it uses the accumulated experience in librarion- ship to facilitate new techniques and methods for making easily available the heritage of the past and current contributions of research workers." An avid traveler, Miss Aull is a graduate of Lenoir Rhyne College with a library science degree from Columbia University.

MRS. ELIZABETH R. USHER earned her B.S.L.S. at the University of Illinois Library School after graduating from the University of Nebrosko, where she held her first library job. Her first special librory position was at the Cranbrook Academy of Art where the Director, Albert Christ.Joner, encouroged her interest in art librarianship. She joined the stoff of the New York Metropolitan of Art in 1948 and in 1954 was made Assistant Librarion. Mrs. Usher has acted as Chairman of the Museum Group of the New York Chapter as well as of the Museum Division and in 1957-58 was President of the New York Chapter. She thinks the "cooperative ex- change of information and research moterials" is one of SLA's principal contributions. An enthusiastic golfer, Mrs. Usher also enjoys cooking ond listening to stereo records in her leisure moments.

EDITOR'S NOTE: For biographical sketches and photographs of Executive Board Directors who are con- tinuing in office, see Special Libraries, September 1958, page 290: Alvina F. Wassenberg and Donald Wasson; and Special Libraries, , page 287-8: Lorraine Ciboch and W. Roy Holleman. SLA Sustaining Members The following organizations are additions to the lists of Sustaining Members published in previous 1960 issues of Special Librarier and represent new applica- tions received through June 15, 1960.

AMERICANCAN CO., Barrington, Illinois SUN OIL CO., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Correction: The listing for General Electric Company was given incorrectly in the issue. It should have been: GENERALELECTRIC COMPANY, Schenectady, New York

280 SPECIAL LIBRARIES Picture Research at the Library of Congress DR. EDGAR BREITENBACH, Chief, Prints and Photographs Division Library of Congress, Washington, D. C.

AM WELL AWARE that there are miscon- are drawings, including architectural draw- 1ceptions in the minds of the public ings, old master drawings, preparatory about the Prints and Photographs Division sketches for prints, original book illustra- of the Library of Congress. Because of the tions and political cartoons. We have reputation the book collection enjoys, thousands of fine prints produced in all many people expect to find picture files media and ranging in time from the late that are equally all-embracing, covering all Middle Ages to the present day. The ma- subjects whether current or historical, jority of our large number of historical American or foreign. Actually, the Divi- and popular prints are invaluable docu- sion is seldom in a position to supply up- ments of the American past. Finally, there to-the-minute needs as it is basically an is a vast body of photographs and photo- that receives material after it has graphic negatives, indeed so many that we lost its newness. Furthermore, we do not can only make a rough estimate of their provide a general iconographic service be- number. cause our collection concentrates on orig- In its composition, the Prints and Photo- inal source material; it does not include graphs Collection is probably unique; at clippings from either books or periodicals. least I have not come across another of In the field of source material, because of similar make-up. The material was ac- the overwhelming quantities in which quired in various ways, either as the re- photographs are produced, we obviously sult of planned action or automatically have to limit ourselves and exercise selec- through copyright or the generosity of tive policies as to what we shall collect. donors. The result is a body of pictures as While on the one hand picture research- colorful as any European collection of ers often request material we cannot sup- much older tradition. Our collection, despite ply, on the other hand they are all too its heterogeneous contents, has grown or- often unaware of the actual wealth of our ganically at a surprising pace until it has collection. Much material of potentially now reached a staggering size. great value to the public is thus neglected. Over the years the Division has acquired Beginning of the Division numerous dealing with The history of the Division as an ad- a wide variety of subjects. These have been ministrative unit began in 1897, the year admirably described by Paul Vanderbilt in the Library moved from its cramped quar- his Glide to the Special Collections of Prints ters in the Capitol to a new home of its md Photogrilphs in the Library of Congress, own. In this monumental building, de- published in 1955. Unfortunately, this signed in the style of the High Renais- most useful bibliographical tool is not suf- sance and lavishly decorated with mosaics, ficiently used. mural paintings and sculptures by prom- The collection of the Prints and Photo- inent American artists, the Division of graphs Division is a conglomeration of Prints, as it came to be known, was as- seemingly heterogeneous materials. There signed for its exhibitions a splendid gal- lery and a corner pavilion on the front Paper presented before the Picture Division, June 1, 1959, at the 50th SLA Convention in Atlantic facing the Capitol. A long hall along the City. New Jersey. (Abridged) side of the building housed the collection; JULY-AUGUST 1960 at the end of the hall was a second corner preservation. Whatever comes as graphic art, how- pavilion where a reading room was in- ever trivial or even questionable, will be preserved stalled. There was immediate access to a as elucidating the manners and customs of our day. It is not for us, but those who come after us, stack area for the books on art and archi- to estimate the inlportance of what we now ac- tecture, the class "N" of the Library's quire and put away. There can be no vital criticism classification schedule. upon its value until after a century of experience For its period, the layout of the Divi- and change. sion was quite advanced. Except for hav- This acquisition policy is followed by ing lost one pavilion, we are still in the an equally courageous statement dealing same spot after 60 years, and though in with cataloging methods : the meantime our needs have changed a Every print is thoroughly described in books of great deal, we nevertheless enjoy daily the record. It is also entered by its title and class, its aesthetically pleasing features of our stately publisher and artist, on as many different cards quarters. For its growing collection of alphabetically arranged, so that its history and description can be immediately furnished. negatives, the Division now has an air- It is hoped in time to have a catalogue of the conditioned stack area in the Annex built entire collection, more especially if the accessions in 1939. dc not exceed the present rate of 12.000 a year. The art collection, transferred in 1897 We have now on hand 64,587 prints. from the Capitol, numbered 833 books Two years later, in 1900, the original col- and some 54,000 prints and photographs. lection of 54,000 pieces had passed the The breakdown of the latter figure reveals hundred thousand mark. Cataloging was that there were some 33,000 photographs, no longer the most pressing problem; it 7,000 engravings and etchings, 4,000 had been superceded by the elementary photogravures and only 5,000 lithographs. need for more storage receptacles. Since nearly the entire collection was de- Cn matters of processing, the Repovt of rived from copyright deposits, the sur- 1900 states modestly that, "Cataloging on prisingly low figure for lithographs indi- cards has now begun, but as yet it covers cates that most of our present holdings only the Hubbard Collection." It never were transferred from auxiliary copyright went beyond a straight author catalog for repositories at a later date. This accounts the etchings and engravings. The copy- also for the gaps in our collection which right material kept on arriving in an ever- we are now trying to fill. increasing amount, while at the same time The number of items that had been ac- its docu&entary value was diminishing. quired through purchase was quite small. For current accessions a record book was There was the St. Mkmin Collection of kept up, but, with the very small staff, about 400 American portraits, which the which until 1946 serviced the books on artist had executed by means of a method art and architecture in the divisional read- combining engraving and silhouette mak- ing room in addition to the prints, there ing, and a fine collection of 860 photo- was no time to catch up with the older graphs of California and Nevada pub- copyright deposits transferred from vari- lished by George S. Lawrence and Thomas ous governmental agencies. Houseworth in 1865. The only noteworthy he series of copyright photographs donation antedating 1897 is the splendid from the 1870's to the 1920's, numbering photographic survey of Turkish institu- three-quarters of a million, remained un- tions, some 2,250 pictures which Sultan organized until a few years ago. Whatever Abdul Hamid I1 presented in 1893. arrangement was devised for the commer- So much for our modest beginnings. cial prints in the early part of the century The first bold policy statement contained was abandoned during the 1930's when in the Annual Report of 1898 was mainly appreciation of this kind of material was dictated by necessity : at its lowest ebb. In recent years we have The first consideration in the Art Department made strong efforts to sort these prints ail1 be those of classification, cataloging and into subject categories. SPECIAL LIBRARIES A new building usually attracts dona- tions. In 1898, the year following the opening, the newly created Division of Prints received from the estate of Gardiner Greene Hubbard a distinguished collection of prints by old masters and American artists of the 18th and 19th centuries. The collection included a special group of pic- tures dealing with the Napoleonic era. Mr. Hubbard also willed the amount of $20,000 to be made available to the Li- brary after his wife's death, which oc- curred in 1909. It was stipulated that the income from this endowment be used for additions to his collection. Since the an- nual amount is modest in terms of present prices and since, moreover, the National Gallery of Art is building up a collection of old master prints through the generos- The Reading Room of the Prints and Photo- ity of Lessing Rosenwald, we are now us- graphs Division ing the money exclusively for the purchase of American prints. as possible of American portraits from the Colonial to the present days." A. J. Parsons, 1899-191 1 The accessions made under Parsons' ad- The acquisition of the Hubbard Collec- ministration bear witness to this policy. tion gave impetus to the development of Current events are reflected in pictures the Division's holdings in the fine arts dealing with the Klondike gold rush, field, a course that was followed for more Alaska and the Philippines. The Japanese than 40 years. Shortly after Herbert Put- conflict with China is documented by a nam became Librarian of Congress in collection of cartoons. Drawings made for 1899, the first chief of the Division, Ar- a Japanese encyclopedia and the magnifi- thur Jeffrey Parsons, was appointed. He cent series of engravings illustrating the was a scholar thoroughly acquainted with victories of the Chinese Emperor Ch'ien prints. During his first year in office he Lung indicate the Library's interest in Far prepared the catalog of the Hubbard Col- Eastern affairs. The Yudin Collection lection, whi~h was published in 1905. added much valuable material on Siberia, Though his personal interest centered in while the picture files of the American the fine arts, his concept of the scope of Colonization Society contained many rare the collection was in many respects iden- views of Liberia and West Africa, so tical with ours today. "We must distin- prominent in the news today. guish," he said in one of his reports, "and Despite these world-wide interests typi- make readily available what may have his- cal of the era of Theodore Roosevelt, na- torical, biographical or topographical in- tional history was not neglected. Long be- terest, or be instructive as examples of fore the Brady negatives were acquired, processes." In the gallery of the Division he Mr. Parsons had 2,000 prints made to aug- started a vigorous exhibition program, ment his portrait collection. In the field which included not only old masters but of fine arts he acquired architectural draw- also American art. ~uchof the latter. he ings by William Thornton, a curious col- said, would illustrate the progress of our lection dealing with the development of art from crude to finished stages. And he equestrian statues, numerous restrikes of added, "We shall endeavor to show the French and Italian old master prints and history of political thought and as many German facsimile reproductions. Almost JULY-AUGUST 1960 annually Mr. Parsons bought large quan- Pennell presented his collection of Whis- tities of photographs of works of art tleriana as the first installment of his gen- which, in the days before the inexpensive erous bequest, which culminated in the picture books, were made available on transfer &f his entire estate to the Library loan to schools and private groups. In 20 years later when Mrs. Pennell died. 1911, the year he was forced to resign be- In his Amma1 Report of 1923, Dr. Put- cause of ill health, the collection numbered nam expressed the need for an adequate 340,000 pieces. In Mr. Parsons' obituary remuneration to Professor Rice for his four years later, Dr. Putnam paid him the services. After his death two years later, following well-deserved tribute: "When the Librarian clearly recognized that with- he took charge of the Division, it was out an entirely new approach to the salary without distinction in material, service or problem it would be impossible to find an repute. It has now a certain distinction in adequate successor. TW; propitious events all three." aided the solution. One was the Cool- idge endowment for a Chair of Music, the R. A. Rice, 191 1-1925 income from which was designed to fill Parsons' successor, Richard A. Rice, had the gap between the then low government already reached retirement age when he stipend and the salary a specialist in the entered the service of the Library. At the field could expect. The other was the be- time of his death in 1925, still in office, he quest of Joseph Pennell, who died in 1926. was nearly 80. A graduate of Yale who Dr. Putnam thus felt encouraged to ap- had subsequently studied at German uni- peal to foundations and individuals to en- versities, Richard Rice could look back on dow chairs in several subject fields. In a distinguished career as Professor of His- 1927 the Carnegie Corporation endowed a tory of Art at Williams College. Since the Chair of Fine Arts, and two years later retirement annuity he received from the Leicester B. Holland became its first in- Carnegie Corporation was too small to cumbent. live on, he was forced to seek further em- ployment. The Library's offer of the posi- L. B. Holland, 1929-1943 tion of head of the Division of Prints, Dr. Holland was an architect by train- carrying an honorarium of $2,000 a year, ing, a scholar in the field of early Amer- was a bargain for the Library and a boon ican architecture by inclination and by for Professor Rice. profession a teacher of art history. Al- The development of the Division under though the name of the Division was the administration of Professor Rice was changed from the Division of Prints to steady rather than spectacular. As one the Division of Fine Arts in recognition reads through the Airrzuitl Reports of those of the Carnegie gift, there was no break in years, it becomes evident that he made policy. As Chief, his duties were the same strong efforts to improve the collection of as those of his predecessors, i.e., to de- fine arts books. Rare source material and velop the picture collection as well as the many early illustrated books were ac- collection of books in the field of art and quired. Among the additions to the pic- architecture. ture collection were the Civil War draw- Among Dr. Holland's many achieve- ings by Forbes and Waud, the Brady ments his most noteworthy accomplishment daguerreotypes, political cartoons by Rae- was the creation in 1931 of the Pictorial maker, quantities of posters, including of Early American Architecture, American Art Nouveau posters of the a collection of photographic negatives and 1890's which Frances Benjamin Johnston prints to which soon were added the meas- collected, political posters from the First ured drawings, data sheets and photo- World War and a fine collection of Brit- graphs of the Historic American Buildings ish railroad posters that had started the Survey. This outstanding project, car- vogue for travel posters. In 1917 Joseph ried out through the joint efforts of the SPECIAL LIBRARIES National Park Service, the American In- in 1947 to the transfer of the custodial re- stitute of Architects and the Library of sponsibility for the books on art and ar- Congress, ended in 1940, but thanks to chitecture to the Stack and Reader Division, Congress was reactivated two years ago. which is in charge of the general book col- The collection now consists of some lection. It also led to another change of 27,000 measured drawings and 30,000 the Division's name; since 1944 it has been photographs relating to 7,500 buildings. known as the Prints and Photographs Di- Dr. Holland's second great achievement vision. is the Cabinet of ~merican Illustration, The Annual Report of 1940 gives which he created with the help of William 552,000 as the total number of items in Patten, art editor of Harper's Magazine dur- the Division's collection. Today the Prints ing the 1880's and '90's. This collection and Photographs Division estimates its consists of several thousand original draw- holdings at between three and four mil- ings made in the preparation of book il- lion pieces. This unprecedented growth is lustrations during the latter part of the for the most part accounted for by the ac- 19th and early 20th centuries. We are still quisition of photographs which Mr. Mac- adding to this collection whenever we find Leish and his successor, Dr. Luther H. suitable material. Evans, encouraged and is, above all, a Dr. Holland recognized the importance tribute to the work of Paul Vanderbilt of 19th century American lithographs be- who was in charge of the Division from fore the value of such material was gen- 1947 through 1950. erally appreciated. As far back as 1931 he Paul Vanderbilt is a man of vision, but organized an exhibition of Currier and during his administration the world situa- Ives prints, and year after year he reported tion was such that, amid ever-growing the number of prints discovered among post-war demands upon the Library, the old copyright deposits. He added steadily needs of the Prints and Photographs Di- to the collection of fine prints, particularly vision could not be granted the highest by American artists. When the income priority. The Library administration was from the Pennell bequest became available and is fully aware of the Division's situa- in 1938 and. in accordance with Pennell's tion, however, and it is hoped that it will will, a purchasing committee was set up, be possible to give the Division additional the collection of fine prints grew at an ac- support in the near future. celerated pace. Today the Pennell Collec- tion consists of nearly 6,000 prints. We Selected Photographic Collections are concentrating- our efforts on the ac- To give an idea of the wealth of ma- quisition of contemporary graphic art, terial, here is a partial list of the photo- both foreign and American. Since funds graphic collections acquired in the 1940's are ample, this collection is gradually be- and '50's. coming the outstanding- one of its kind. AMERICANNATIONAL RED CROSS (62,000 nega- The long administration of Dr. Putnam tives) acquired in 1944. A detailed record of the came to an end in 1939. The new Librar- Red Cross as an organization; extensive coverage of specific disasters in the United States, relief ian, Archibald MacLeish, soon introduced work abroad between 1917 and 1923. reforms that affected the Library as a BAIN COLLECTION(about 120,000 glass nega- whole. He restored the principle of the tives) acquired in 1948. American personalities undivided book collection. Henceforth the ( I898-1916), sports events, New Yvrk scenes. Divisions were based on form rather than MATHEWB. BRADYCOLLECTION (10,000 nega- content, i.e., their holdings were either tives, 300 lantern slides, and 160 stereoscopic materials not in book form, such as prints, transparencies) acquired in 1943. This famous collection of Civil War pictures has been referred photographs, manuscripts, maps or music, to as the most valuable of its kind in America. or were written or printed in Oriental BRADY-HANDYCOLLECTION (about 10,000 nega- characters. The application of this rule led tives) acquired in 1954. Pictures taken by Mathew JULY-AUGUST 1960 B Brady and his nephew, L. C. Handy. Of par- often far from perfect, enable us to make use ticular importance are the portraits of Members of of the material. Congress taken during and immediately after the Civil War, of Presidents and their wives, Cabinet Large parts of our copyright deposits Members and other leading citizens. are now arranged by subjects. This system CARPENTEPCOLLECTION (about 20,000 negatives works well as long as the subject matter is and photoprints) acquired in 1951. Photographs simple; it becomes unsatisfactory when in made mostly between 1910 and 1925 to illustrate addition to the obvious subject matter, a popular books on geography. Regions and coun- picture contains an abstract meaning. In tries covered include the Near East, North Africa, such instances we prefer individual cata- Alaska, Centla1 and South America and the Far East. loging. As an example, consider a com- FARMSECURITY ADMINISTRATION (272,000 nega- rnercid poster of the 1870's. There is a tives and 150,000 mounted photoprints) acquired mountainous Western landscape with a in 1944. A comprehensive survey of life in railroad line on either side. One railroad, America during the 1930's. named Monopoly, is in disrepair, the ARNOLD GENTHE(about 20;000 negatives and other, Competition, is well kept. From the 8,500 photoprints) acquired in 1943. Genthe was latter people are unloading boxes with the one of the great American artist photographers; in name of a shirt manufacturer. There is, of the beginning of this century he recorded life in San Francisco, Central America and . course, an artist's name and the name of a lithographic firm. If we place this print in HARRIS AND EWING COLLECTION (300,000 negatives) acquired in 1955 and 1958. A vast a drawer labelled "Advertisements-cloth- portrait collection of leading figures in political ing," all other aspects would be lost. In a and social life between 1905 and 1945, as well as collection such as ours, which has archival Washington news pictures. functions, the other facets are too important JACKSONCOLLECTION, DETROIT PUBLISHING to be neglected. COMPANY(35,000 glass negatives and 20,000 In addition to this self-indexing file, photoprints) acquired mostly in 1949. The com- pany was one of the largest and most active gen- we use the lot-cataloging method. Pictures eral publishers of photographs in America between issued as a series or collected in order to IS98 and 1914. illustrate a central theme are cataloged on FRANCES BENJAMIN JOHNSTONCOLLECTION standard size cards, which are entered in (about 20,000 negatives and photoprints) acquired the catalog under as many subject headings in 1953. The life work of the first prominent as the case requires. The majority of the woman photographer in America, 1864-1952. colIections described in Mr. Vanderbilt's NATIONALPHOTO COMPANY (78,000 glass nega- Guide have been treated in this manner. tives) acquired in 1947. Washington news service The third method, individual catalog- pictures made during the administrations from Wil- son to Hoover. ing, is applied to most of our fine and his- OFFICEOF WAR INFORMATION (50,000 nega- torical prints and drawings. Since the 19th tives) acquired in 1944. Life in America during century American lithographs are of spe- the war years, with emphasis on war production. cial importance to our reference work, we WASHINGTONPRESS PHOTO SERVICE COLLECTION plan to revise our catalog in the near fu- (about 50,000 negatives) acquired in 1952. Com- ture. The number of subject headings will mercial studio portraits made between 1938 and 1944, including portraits of members of the 76th be greatly increased, and whenever an art- Congress. U. S. Government officials, diplomats, ist's signature appears on a print his name Army and Navy officers, et cetera. will be entered in the catalog. This prac- WITTEMANNCOLI.ECTION (75,000 photoprints and tice, unfortunately rarely applied to the photo-reproductions) acquired in 1953. Early 20th large collections of 19th century American century views of locally notable buildings, busi- lithographs, will be the first step towards ness establishments and scenic spots made for re- production on postcards. the compilation of oeuvre catalogs of native printmakers. For too long a time now, the Control Methods use of the mere subject approach has been Many of the collections came to us with a factor leading to the neglect of the peo- their own control systems, which, though ple who designed the prints. SPECIAL LIBRARIES Division Services and Projects Service and abroad by the United States Information Agency. Both contemporary The bulk of our reference service is graphic art and historical prints are in- carried on by letter; we have a great many cluded in this program. requests for photoduplication. The num- Once a year we invite American print- ber of visitors to the Division is compara- makers to submit to '1 jury prints zsde tively small, but those who do come are during the preceding year. The best en- often engaged in lengthy projects. In spc- tries are chosen for the National Exhibl- cia1 cases we give them thc privilege of tion, now in its 18th year. A catalog of access to our stack material. this exhibition, which the Library circu- Although the fine arts books are no lates throughout the country, is published longer served in the Division reading annually. room, the Chief of the Division, in his ca- Other publications include an oeuvre cata- pacity of senior recommending officer for log of the work of Charles Fenderich, a art and architecture, is still charged with swiss-~mericanportrait lithographer who building up the book collection. We are was active in Philadelphia and Washington acquiring current scholarly publications during the 1830's and 40's, and a checklist and source material on a world-wide scale of ~rad~negatives, scenes from the Civil without restrictions. For retrospective ma- War and portraits of many of the leading terial, i.e., titles two or more years old, participants, to appear in 1960. our funds are, however, extremely limited. Over the past 20 years the collection has I assume it will interest art librarians to grown at an enormous rate. In the future we learn that the collection of 833 art books must be at once more systematic and more transferred in 1897 from the Capitol has grown to about 130,000. Most of these selective in our acquisitions. The task of preserving the pictorial record of the Ameri- books are available on interlibrary loan. can past cannot be ours alone but must be In order to attract more fine arts stu- shared with the picture collections of many dents to the Division (they used to come in other institutions. We stand ready to accept large numbers when we served art books in our reading room), we are trying to files of national or international scope or develop scholarly tools for research which specialized collections concerned with non- do not exist elsewhere. We have mounted scientific subjects. Regional files, on the the Gernsheim Corpus Photographicum, other hand, are best kept in institutions de- a file of over 25,000 photographs of old voted to local history. master drawings combining the holdings Midwest Inter-Library Center of many of the European collections. As soon as funds become available, we intend The Midwest Inter-Library Center, 5721 to have a subject index made in addition Cottage Grove Avenue, Chicago 37, Illinois, to the artists' index, which is almost com- welcomes teletype requests for its materials, all of which may be borrowed under the pleted. terms of the Interlibrary Loan Code. Special Ever since the Division was first estab- libraries may be especially interested in the lished, it has been engaged in a lively ex- Center's collection of chemical and biolog- hibition program. Although the Library ical journals. This collection includes all of now has an Exhibits Officer who is re- the titles in the List of Titles Abstracted by sponsible for over-all programs and for Chemical Abstracts, 1956 and in Biologicat technical details, exhibitions originating Sciences Serial Publications. A World List: in the Prints and Photographs Division 1950-1954 that are not in an MILC mem- are still prepared by our staff. Some of ber library. At the present time, new titles these exhibitions are shown only at the Li- from the annual supplements to the Chem- brary, but as a rule they are circulated ical Abstracts list are not being ordered. The later in the United States by the Smith- chemical journals start with the 1957 issues, sonian Institution Traveling Exhibition the biological journals with 1958 issues. JULY-AUGUST 1960 A Survey of Special Library Education

ELIZABETH W. OWENS, Librarian Union Electric Company, St. Louis, Missouri Chairman, Scholarship and Student Loan Fund Committee, 1957-1959

HE RULES GOVERNING the Special Li- No courses T braries Association scholarship awards One course make it clear that the scholarships are to be Two courses granted to college graduates who desire to Three courses enter the special library field or those work- Four courses ing in special libraries who wish to continue Five courses their professional training. The awards, Six or more 5 made on that basis, are to be used for gradu- Schools using practising special ate work at any of the ALA accredited li- librarians as instructors 14 brary schools in the United States and Can- Detailed information of courses offered, ada. The scholarship rules do not make the names of instructors and comments of service in a special library obligatory, al- Directors follow : though many members of the Association have felt that such a stipulation should be added. Up to this time, the Association has "We do not offer any courses in special librar- been fortunate in that all but one of its ianship. We have a unit in our course, Libraries scholarship winners and most of those who and Librarianship, on special librarianship which is a general survey of the different types of special have used the Loan Fund have taken special libraries and their general purposes and types of library jobs. services which they offer. We do not think that When processing the scholarship applica- any such courses will be offered in the near future. tions, the committees have been besieged We do encourage students to do term papers and with the same questions, "Which schools to do individual research on special aspects when they have a definite personal interest in such give the best special library training?" subjects." "Which accredited school does SLA prefer ?" (A41:r.l I'i~ginia L/rq Jones, Deun "Why are so few special library courses of- fered by the accredited library schools ?" UNIVERSITYOF CALIFORNIA(Berkeley) Along with the questions came statements Bibliography of Science & Technology that some library school educators actually -Melvin Voight Bibliographic Organization & the discouraged the prospective student's interest Retrieval of Information-Melvin Voight in the special library field. To obtain a true picture of the situation, a questionnaire ask- ing for the number of special library courses Literature of the Sciences and Technology and the names of the instructors was sent to -Daniel R. Pfoutz the directors of all the library schools on the Documentation of Scientific Literature --Kenneth Fagerhaugh ALA accredited list during the spring of Administration of Science & Technology Libraries 1959. -Kenneth Fagerhaugh The first tabulation of the results of the questionnaire, made by Clara G. Miller, Li- brarian of the Imperial Oil Ltd. of Toronto, Special Library Administration-Dr. Karl Baer and a incmber of the 1957-59 Scholarship Reference & Bibliography in the Natural Sciences and Student Loan Fund Committee, are & Technology-Dr. Karl Baer Medical Reference & Bibliography shown below: -Dr. Estelle Brodman Schools surveyed 32 Theological Seminary Library Administration Schools replying 3 1 -Rev. Bernard Theald

288 SPECIAL LIBRARIES ture (LS 131) and advanced science literature Special LibrarianshipMarion James (LS 231) are taken by all students in the program Library Services in the Social Sciences as well as courses outside SLS, although 131 is -Marion James also taken as a regular literature course by any MS Rare Book Librarianship-Howard Winger candidate in the school. Library Services in Science & Technology "Special programs for the MS degree combine the -Herman Henkle basic professional curriculum with courses which Seminar in Special Problems in Cataloging & give training for a special type of library, -Ruth French Strout work, or age group. A student with a mature The last named course deals with cataloging & interest and background in other special fields of classification in special libraries. library service may apply for acceptance in a This listing does not include any of the required program to be arranged individually by the Dean courses in special subjects areas. These actually as a faculty adviser or by a faculty member desig- deal with special libraries but are required of all nated by the Dean. Possible special programs in- students: clude preparation for work in theater libraries, Interpretation, Evaluation and Use of Library art libraries, business libraries, other special sub- Materials in the Social Sciences-Edward Strable ject fields, rare book librarianship, or for adult- Library Materials in the Humanities education posts in libraries." -Ruth French Strout (Mrs.) M. E. Herman, School of Library Service Library Materials in the Natural Sciences TEXASWOMAN'S UNIVERSITY -Herman Henkle The Special Library-Miss Maninelli "We believe our literature and bibliography courses in subjects are applicable to special librari- Medical Literature-Thomas Fleming anship." Music Literature & Librarianship -Dr. Catharine K. Miller D. Genevieue Dixon, Director Business & Economics Literature UNIVERS~TYOF DENVER -Janet Bogardus 97-464 Special Libraries (advanced administra- Theatre Librarianship tive course)-Isobel Anderson -George Freedley 97-480 Studies in Librarianship (an opportunity Engineering Literature for individual investigation & study iq -Russell Shank the field of special librarianship) Legal Literature & librarianship -S. Baillie -Miles A. Price 97-471 Field Work (in one of the many special Pharmaceutical Literature & Librari- libraries in Denver)-S. Baillie anshiv-Winifred Sewell 97-413 Literature of the Sciences (this is of "There are no courses at the School of Library particular use to the person working in Scrvice on 'special librarianship' per se. The scientific research libraries) courses listed above are courses in special areas -D. Ralph Hopp that we offer more or less frequently. Some of them are given almost every year, for example, "With the courses listed, we can offer about Business and Economics Literature. Others are as full a program as that offered in the few schools given every two or three years, e.g., Legal which are able to list courses particularly for Literature, as the demand accumulates. Others special librarianship. About fifteen from a total are offered when the demand for such a course of seventy-five graduates go into the special li- is brought to our attention by members of the braries held each year from the University of profession, e.g., the new course in Theatre Li- Denver, and we would have every reason to be- brarianship to be offered in the 1959 summer ses- lieve that they are as well prepared as those sion for the first time. leaving other programs designed particularly for "Most of these courses are basic to our so-called the special librarian." 'special programs' in which students interested in Stuart Baillie, Director special library fields may register. In addition to this core course, when available, the student may register for relevant courses in other parts of the "We offer no courses in Special Librarianship. University, in his special field, in place of certain We offer a program leading to the MS. degree in of his library school courses-the library school Chemistry Librarianship. It is under the direction courses being reduced to a required minimum in of the head of the Chemistry Department and of such a student's case. the director of the Division of Librarianship. We "We have among our special programs two offer courses in medical librarianship during the basic ones that are not accounted for in the summer quarter. Students may also choose to do course listed above. One is the special program directed study in this area." for science librarjans. The courses in science litera- Evalene P. Jachson. Dwector

JULY-AUGUST 1960 able extent. In our administration course, which is "We offer no courses in Special Librarianship. r general one, the student specifically interested in Our enrollment is too small to permit." , for example, can do all of his Louis Shores, Dent2 projects in that course with the in mind. Again, through all of our program we de- UNIVERSITYOF ILLINOIS velop the comparative approach, discussing any Literature of Science & Technology given point in its relationship to several types of -Mrs. Frances B. Jenkins libraries where such a distinction has any meaning. Maps & Cartobibliographical Aids-R. C. White C. In addition to all of this you will find upon Bibliography of Science & Technology consulting our catalog that we have several courses -Mrs. Frances B. Jenkins which are in special subject areas. We also have Biological Literature & Reference Work a special projects course called Advanced Studies -Lyle E. Bamber in Librarianship in which a student may, under Medical Literature & Reference Work close direction, carry out a detailed investigation -Mrs. Frances B. Jenkins of a problem in special libraries in general or in even more specialized areas, such as Art & Archi- "Your letter of inquiry concerning the courses tecture, Agriculture, Chemistry, Physics, Law, nvailable in the library school in special library Music, etc. These problem; can be either biblio- work raises, as you undoubtedly are aware, ques- graphical or administrative. tions which have been bruited about for some "Thus you see while we do not have a course time. Let me try to state for you the position in 'How to be a Special Librarian' we have a rich which most of the library schools have held for group of offerings which permit highly specialized some time. development of a particular interest, all of which "We have discovered that most of our students mu:t be based, however, on a strong general are not precise concerning their objectives. In a training in librarianship." few instances where students have the background Harold Lancour, Assorjate Di~ector to qualify for a teaching certificate then it seems pretty clear that they will go into school librarian- INDIANAUNIVERSITY ship; students who have strong undergraduate L.S. L526 Science Bibliography & Documenta- preparation in chemistry are very likely to have tion such good opportunities to use this background -Haynes McMullen, Richard Snyder that they will go into a form of science library. L.S. L5 5 5 Administration of Special Libraries In general, however, students' previous training -Haynes McMullen does not so clearly direct them. "Mr. Haynes McMullen is currently President, "Another important fact is that we have dis- Indiana Chapter, S.L.A.; Mr. Snyder is at the covered that one year is only time to give a basic head of all science libraries at Indiana University." foundation in librarianship. We have been at- Margavet I. Ruf.rz,old, D'lrectov tempting over the years to distill out the funda- mental principles upon which our profession is UNIVERSITYOF KENTUCKY based and to impart these principles to the stu- "We offer no courses in Special Librarianship." dents. These, we believe. established a firm founda- Edward Judsorz Humerton, Jr., Head tion for a career in librarianship. "We also believe that the principal distinction LOUISIANASTATE UNIVERSITY between types of libraries has to do with the book collection and the purposes of the readers. We are Special Libraries-Dr. Ruth M. Baldwin also convinced that knowledge concerning special- ized subjects is not gained in library school but must be based on study which either precedes or Special Libraries-Beryl Anderson follows library training. "These are the reasons then why one does not ~N~VERS~TYOF MICHIGAN customarily find a course in special libraries under 230 Documentation of Scientific Literature such a title in the current library school catalogs. -Anthony Kruzas "Nevertheless, we insist that we prepare for 232 Logic of Mechanizing Information for Re- special librarianship at Illinois. search (including Coordinate Indexing) -C. D. Gull A. We have one member of the faculty who 278 Special Libraries-Mary Duncan Carter possesses her Ph.D. in biochemistry and has had 279 Business Information Services extensive experience in special libraries. This mem- -Rose Vormelker ter of the faculty is equipped to counsel those stu- 280 Medical & Technical Libraries dents who show an interest in special library work -Anthony Kruzas and will often direct a student into that field. Special bibliography courses elected by students B. In all of our courses it is possible for a student who are preparing for library work in a subject tr exploit any specific interest to a very consider- area are:

SPECIAL LIBRARIES 150 H~story& Literature of Chemistry Courses in the first semester are the same for all -Philip J. Elving Master of Science candidates. Students enrolled in 262 Bibliography of Music Literature the Graduate Program in Special Librarianship -William Weichlein concentrate on their objective during the second semester and the summer following." UN~VERS~TYOF MINNESOTA Ruth Shaw Leonard 156 Special Libraries-Frank O'Leary (Special Libraries, May-June 1950, p. 158-9) "Also our literature courses and our inde- pendent study courses and 18 of 45 credits at the graduate level in non-library courses provide a Bibliography of the Natural Sciences-Chase Dane total of 24 graduate credits that may be focused Technical Libraries-Leroy Linder for preparation as a special librarian." Bibliography of the Bio-medical & Physical Sci- D. K. Berntnghausetz, Director ences-Leanown Mosley Government Publications-Leroy Linder UNIVERSITYOF NORTHCAROLINA Legal Method-Daniel H. Pollitt Cataloging of Audio-visual Materials Legal Bibliography-Mary Oliver -John C. Allen "Seminar in Special Libraries (currently in Medi- Modern Book Production-Carl H. Melinat cal Librarianship)--Myrl Ebert Workship for Journalism Librarians * "This course is set up so that on demand or -Evelyn E. Smith when instructors are available, a courze on any type of special librarianship may be offered." Lucile Kelling Henderson, Dean 382L Science & Technology 288K Seminar in Library Administration: Spe- UNIVERSITYOF OKLAHOMA cial Libraries Academic & Research Libraries-Arthur McAnally 384K Information Storage & Retrieval Systems "I suspect that a good many library schools may L.S. 523 A,B,C Special Problems in Librarianship be doing more for special librarianship than can be -Dr. FitzGerald & Staff (in connection with reflected in 'special' courses. As you doubtless Peabody College, Division of Music; Vanderbilt know, the A.L.A. accredited schools have to offer University. Divinity School; Vanderbilt Uni- a general program or they won't be accredited. versity. School of Medicine) We think we have a pretty good program for certain types of special librarianship, even if PRATTINSTITUTE we can offer only a 'few' courses. Every degree Special Libraries-Elizabeth Ferguson candidate takes certain basic courzes, regardless of his area of specialization. . . . Then in the second semester, usually, of graduate study he begins to Science & Technology Literature-George Bonn take the 'special' courses. To bolster his subject Business & Economics Literature-George Bonn background, we not only permit but insist that Documentation-Ralph Shaw related, supporting courses in other schools and Seminar in Special Libraries-George Bonn colleges be taken. . . . After the student has com- SIMMONSCOLLEGE pleted all course work, he may choo-e an intern- ship lasting from six to eleven months in an out- 131 Research & Bibliographical Method in Sub- standing library in his field of major interest. ject Fields-Mary R. Kinney For instance, a graduate student in bio-chemistry S204 Special Library Field Experience-summer chose John Crerar and spent about a year there; -Ruth Shaw Leonard another, also a master's degree holder in bio-chem- 214 Seminar in the Organization & Administra- istry, chose the Squibb Institute for Medical Re- t~onof Special Libraries search; three others, interested in medical libraries, -Ruth Shaw Leonard were sent to Emory University to take a special "Other seminars are sometimes available. The course in medical bibliography; from there they above courses listed are individuated to the went to Tulane to serve a six-months internship; specific subject with which the student is con- another, a music and fine arts major. served his cerned." internship in the Fine Arts Division of the Denver Kenneth R. Shaffer, Director Public; another, with a master's degree in govern- ment, served her internship in the library at the "The Simmons plan may be said to be unique Public Affairs Clearing House in Chicago. Fol- in that it offers a program, not an elective course lowing completion of the internship, the student in Special Libraries. In fact, one-half of the re- prepares a report in lieu of the regular research quired twenty year-hours (forty semester hours) is thesis. . . . I have gone into some detail because devoted to courses carefully integrated to make a I feared it might be misleading if only 'special' balanced preparation for special library positions. courses are taken as evidence of what library JULY-AUGUST 1960 schools-certainly this one-are doing in an effort 514 Hospital Library Service-Clara Lucioli to provide sound training for special librarians. 520 Music Libraries-Elsa Posell It is tremendously difficult to find qualified teach- 528 Literature of Science & Technology ers in certain areas of special librarianship." -Helen Focke Robert R. Douglass, Director 572 Machine Literature Searching -James Perry & Allen Kent UNIVERSITYOF TORONTO 574 Language Engineering Special Libraries-Clara G. Miller -James Perry & Allen Kent "We offer one elective course in Special Li- 576 Library & Industrial Applications of Micro- brarianship, but all the required subjects contribute recording-Robert Booth to the needs of a special librarian." 582 Special Studies in Documentation Bertha Bassam, DirecJor -James Perry & Allen Kent 590 Administration-Evelyn DeWitt 511 Library Materials in the Humanities and 524 Documentation-Helen Focke 527 Government Documents-Helen Focke Social Sciences-Dorothy Bevis 523 Periodicals & Serials-Helen Focke 512 Library Materials in Science & Technology Proposed for 1959-60, a course in Med~cal Li- -Dorothy Bevis brarianship-Helen Focke 540 Advanced Legal Bibliography -Marian Gallagher UNIVERSITYOF WISCONSIN 541 Selection & Processing of Law Library Ma- 208 The Special Library-J. J. Boll terials-Marian Gallagher 542 Legal Reference & Research The comments of the Directors are of -Marian Gallagher particular interest when compared with the 543 Law Library Administration remarks made in 1950 by Ruth Shaw -Marian Gallagher Leonard, the distinguished .~ssociatePro- "School of Librarianship offers the degree of fessor of Librarianship at Simmons College. Master of Librarianship. The bachelor's degree, Special required for entrance, may be taken in any major In the May-June 1950 issue of Li- field. . . . Applicants for entrance to the law braries, p. 157, Miss Leonard wrote: librarianship program, which leads to the Master "A survey of articles and conferences on library of Law Librarianship degree, must hold the Bach- education shows that special library education is elor of Laws degree from an accredited American a perennial subject and that there is little con- law school." sistency in viewpoint toward it except that of Irving Lieberman, Director disagreement. "Many defend the thesis that special librarian- ship cannot, or need not, be taught at all-that "We offer no courses entitled Special Librari- training can be acquired properly only through anship. experience. Others believe that intensive academic "We offer in addition to the basic professional preparation in subject fields-law, chemistry, music courses an opportunity for concentration in a or whatever the appropriate subject field may be, special library field through the course 712 Pro- plus general library education is adequate. fessional Field Experience. Toward the end of "Successful development ot special library edu- the student's preparation he may be assigned to cation is also impeded by the fact that the library a special type of library (we have used General educator and the special librarian continue in Motors, Upjohn, and the Neurological Hospital their failure to understand each other. The library V.A. Library at Fort Custer so far) where he will educator's own training and experience is general spend a specified period of time, possibly two or and he has usually had comparatively little con- three weeks, and work according to schedule but tact with special libraries other than the depart- will also prepare a research project or paper under mental library in universities and in public li- the joint direction of his Graduate Advisor and the braries. On the other hand, the special librarian Supervising Librarian of the designated special often fails to see beyond the horizon of his own library. The project or paper will be completed particular organization and has had little in com- after the period of observation and participation is mon with the experience of the educator in the over. We will be sending a student to the Music library profession. Added to these reasons is the & Drama Department of the Detroit Public Library lack of textbooks on special library administration this spring semester on this same type of program. and very little organized literature on the char- The specific organizational & administrative prob- acteristics and philosophy of special librarlanship." lems of special libraries are handled in the general administration course." The 1959 survey shows that while there Alice Louise Le Fevre is still wide disagreement between some li- WESTERNRESERVE UNIVERSITY brary educators and special librarians, some 5 12 Special Libraries-Rose Vormelker real progress has been made in the past SPECIAL LIBRARIES decade. A number of the schools have ex- the Illinois Chapter of SLA is excellent. The panded their special library programs and articles in Speczal Libraue~and the publica- nearly all offer some courses. It is encourag- tions of the various Divisions of SLA have ing that many of the Directors are cognizant been invaluable to teachers. Perhaps the of the need and would offer more courses if most encouraging advance has been the ap- competent instructors were available. The pearance of such outstanding articles as Irene number of outstanding special librarians who M. Strieby's "Company Library" in the May- are teaching the courses is gratifying. Be- issue of the Harvard Bzlsines~Re- sides those listed, a number of others are view and Sam Sass' "Industrial Libraries teaching in universities that offer library Come of Age" in Maizagement Review, courses at the undergraduate level. March 1957. One of the biggest aids to education for Special librarians are working hard to special librarianship has been the publica- train more special librarians. What a boon tion by Special Libraries Association of the to the library profession in general if all of excellent text book, Technical Libraries, and the library schools would cooperate by in- Co~zt~jb~tiomTou~rd a Special Libra1.y cluding in their curricula fuller programs for Glo.r.mi.1~.Inside Special Librdries, issued by the education of special librarians.

Collegiate Training for Library ~echnicians

LUCY J. MADDOX, Director and Instructor Library Aide Program, Ferris Institute, Big Rapids, Michigan

ROFESSIONAL LIBRARIANS for many years aides, technicians or assistants, and acting Phave categorized library work into two on this need, the college initiated a Library kinds, clerical and professional. Today there Aide Program in the fall of 1959. This pro- are an increasing number who are recogniz- gram is offered by the Collegiate Technical ing the fact that the business of a library can Terminal Division, and upon successful be more accurately divided into three levels completion of the course, an Associate of of skills: the clerical who can file, type, use Applied Science Degree is awarded. business machines and do general duties re- quiring supervision; the library technician The curriculum is as follows: who can catalog, file, order, accession, work with bibliographies and answer simple ref- erence questions ; and the professional. High Introduction to Library 3 schools and business colleges are adequately Book Selection and Order Procedures 3 training for clerical positions, and the Library Reference 3 Communication Skills, 1, 2 and 3 9 schools of library science are training the Typewriting, Elementary and Intermediate 6 professional, but few schools are offering Elementary Shorthand 4 courses designed to meet the needs of the Man and Society, 1 and 2 6 library technician. Biological Science 1 4 Ferris Institute in Big Rapids, Michigan, Principles of American Government 3 Personal and Cultural Appreciation, 1 and 2 6 has recognized the need for trained library Health and Physical Education 3 Continuing Orientation 1 Reprinted from the SLA Michigan Chapter Bulletin.

JULY-AUGUST 1960 A college student in the library technician training program offered by Ferris Institute gains practical experience at the charge-out desk

It is expected that the majority of students enrolling in the Library Aide Program will Classification, Cataloging, Filing 3 be recent high school graduates. The pro- Circulation, Maintenance, Preparation of Library Materials 3 gram is also open to more mature adults who Library Problems 2 wish to train for a specific vocation. Library Practice 4 The aim of the program is to prepare Intermediate Shorthand 4 students to aid the professional librarian. Voice Transcription 2 The techniques taught are basic to all types Office Machines, 1 and 2 4 Biological Science 2 4 of libraries, and the instruction is flexible Physical Science, 1 and 2 8 enough to make it easy for the graduate to Principles of American Government 2 3 adapt his knowledge and skills to specific Electives in Literature and History 11 library situations. Introduction to General Psychology 3 Students are instructed concerning the rel- 5 1 ative position of an aide on a library staff. An analysis of the curriculum reveals that Emphasis is constantly put on the fact that 21 quarter hours of library science, 20 one of the abilities of an aide is to work hours of secretarial science and 61 under the supervision of a professional li- quarter hours of general education are re- brarian, but the amount of supervision neces- quired. Thus it can be easily ascertained that sary, compared to that required to train a a well-rounded program of specific skills and beginner with no library training, should be general education, both important for back- much less, thus releasing the professional ground for library technicians, is offered. for professional duties. The aide is trained, Much of the training in library science is however, in simple supervisory techniques so practical rather than theoretical ; students are that he may be able to supervise members of required during their second year of train- the clerical staff. Students are made aware ing to work in various types of libraries, and that their training wilI not be such that they many of the regular classes are supplemented can be employed 2s substitutes for profes- by laboratory experiences. sional librarians. Ferris Institute instituted the Library Aide Advisory board members have enthusias- Program only after the needs of the library tically endorsed the Library Aide Program as field had been carefully surveyed. It was on An effective means of training library tech- the basis of investigations by professional nicians. At present it is the only program of librarians that the school identified the li- its type in Michigan. As librarians become brary technician level of training as one of the increasingly aware of its existence and true areas that could help alleviate the national purpose, there is an accompanying support shortage of competent library personnel. developing from professional librarians.

SPECIAL LIBRARIES Recruiting Librarians with Advanced Training in Specialized Fields

HIS RECRUITMENT STUDY attempted to tional background (22 per cent) ; and in- T answer two questions: I) For what rea- fluence of librarians (22 per cent). Other sons do individuals with advanced subject reasons cited by as many as 10 per cent of or professional training become librarians? the group were: interest in libraries; personal 2) How may these data be applied in re- qualifications; opportunities for advance- cruiting in graduate schools today ? ment; liking for people; and opportunity to Names of 537 individuals were selected be of service. from among the persons whose biographical Employment opportunities in the library sketches in Who's Who i~zLibrdry Service field had been noticeably more important to (third edition) showed that after gradua- individuals who had specialized in law (45 tion from college but before either library per cent), philosophy and religion (39 per education or library employment, they had cent), and education (39 per cent) than to taken subject or professional training in the group as a whole. Liking for books and another field. Of the 308 res13ondents to reading was mentioned more frequently by a questionnaire addressed to these indi- persons with backgrounds in the humanities viduals, 95 per cent included that, as gradu- than by respondents whose subject special- ate students, they had had in mind a vo- ities were in other fields. The wish to utilize cational obiective. In two-thirds of these previous academic training was indicated cases, the objective was a teaching career. more often by respondents whose graduate In stating why they decided not to follow work was in fine arts (38 per cent), science or to continue in the work for which thev (34 per cent), philosophy and religion (33 had been preparing as graduate students, the per cent), languages (28 per cent) and law respondents identified some 15 different rea- (25 per cent). sons. The reasons given most frequently Holders of the doctorate in a subject field were: lack of employment opportunities in gave as their principal reason the oppor- the chosen field (29 per cent) ; general dis- tunity offered in library work for use of satisfaction or incomuatibilitvI with the field educational background (30 per cent). Per- and its objectives (14 per cent) ; unsatisfac- sons with a master's or first professional de- tory working cocditions (11 per cent) ; gree cited employment opportunities in the feelings of personal unsuitability (10 per library field (34 per cent) more often than cent) ; length and expense of educational any other reason, while to individuals who preparation (9 per cent) ; and the feeling had not received a graduate degree in their that librarianship was actually a continuance field of specialization, library work experi- in the same general type of work (9 per ence was the outstanding reason given (32 cent). per cent). Respondents mentioned some 30 reasons A larger proportion of women (39 per to explain their choice of librarianship. Those cent) than men (26 per cent) mentioned given most often were: employment oppor- employment opportunities. Also, this reason tunities in libraries (31 per cent) ; work ex- had been the most compelling one for re- perience in libraries (28 per cent) ; liking spondents who chose a library career during for books and reading (24 per cent) ; op- the depression years (37 per cent). Work portunity to make use of a particular educa- experience, on the other hand, had been of considerable importance to persons who had Summary of a study conducted by the Recruit- entered the profession in the 1920's (53 ment Committee of the Georgia Chapter, during per cent). 1958-59. A full report (63 p.) is filed with the Georgia Chapter at Box 577, Emory University Among the 308 respondents were 95 who Branch, Atlanta 22, Georgia. indicated that the decision to become a li- JULY-AUGUST 1960 brarian had been made during the period of graduate or professional study. The five ma- SPOTTED jor reasons for choice of librarianship were: influence of librarizns (29 per cent) ; educa- tional background (28 per cent) ; liking for In his presidential address at the open- books and -reading (25' per cent) ; employ- ing of the Fifth Annual Meeting of the Li- ment opportunities (23 per cent) ; and work brary Association, September 5, 1882, Henry experience (18 per cent). Bradshaw, the Cambridge University Librar- In efforts to recruit graduate students in ian, remarked: "A librarian is one who universities for the library profession, three earns his living by attending to the wants general conditions should be taken into ac- of those for whose use the library under his charge exists; his primary duty being, in the count: 1) shortages currently exist in certain widest possible sense of the phrase, to save other fields requiring specialized personnal, the time of those who seek his services." and employment prospects in these fields are A aoodu librarian has also been defined good at the present time; 2) from the pres- as a professional person who likes books ent study it appears that a large proportion and people. Cannibals may not be bookish of the "graduate students who later become but they certainly do like people. Have librarians have in mind a vocational goal, you ever wondered how many of the books more often than not teaching; and 3) it ap- published last year will still be read one pears also that for most individuals the deci- hundred years from now? Perhaps there is sion to become a librarian was made more a clue in the fact that of all the new books often after the period of advanced study. published in 1859, the five still found on li- Recognizing the above conditions, it seems brary shelves are Darwin's Oj.igi?z of Specier, probable that, for the time being at least, Dickens' Tale of Two Cities, Eliot's Adam fewer persons with advanced training in an- Bede, Mills' Essay otz Liberty and Tennyson's other field will turn to librarianship because Idylls of he King. During the last months of World War II, important German of a dearth of employment prospects in the State documents were removed from Berlin type of work chosen originally. Thus, it is and stored in castles, schools and mines more likely that changes will be based on throughout the country. When the Allies be- elements in the profession that have a posi- gan to close in, the German High Command tive appeal. hat such elements do exist was ordered the papers destroyed. The files of suggested by the voluntary expression of the General Staff were indeed destroyed, satisfaction in library work made by many but an archivist of the Foreign Office, Dr. respondents. The problem of recruitment Johannes Ullrich, was determined to pre- then may be largely one of bringing librar- serve Foreign Office records so far as pos- ianship to the attention of graduate students. sible. Enlisting the support of colleagues and in the process repeatedly risking his Finally, the replies revealed that the sev- own life, he managed to keep the bulk of eral elements comprising librarianship ap- the records safely hidden until the Allies peal in varying degrees to different individ- arrived. In due course the documents Dr. uals. The variety of work in certain library Ullrich saved from destruction were sent to positions and the breadth of background de- England for examination by experts. Many sirable for these may appeal strongly to some were used as evidence in the Nuremberg persons; others may be attracted chiefly by war-guilt trials, and the secret records dat- positions requiring a highly specialized back- ing from 1918 and earlier have revealed -ground. To be effective, therefore, it would that Imperial German gold supported the seem that any general recruiting appeal must Bolsheviks in their revolution. Dr. Ullrich reveal the varied opportunities available in fared less well than the papers he saved for he spent the next ten years as a prisoner all types of libraries and all kinds of library of war in the Soviet Union. He is now ar- work. At the same time, it must be suffi- chivist in the West German Foreign Office ciently specific for each individual to identify in Bonn. The index of a 1959 edition elements in the profession that will make it of a textbook on pediatrics contains the congenial to him. entry, "Birds, for the." SPECIAL LIBRARIES The Use of Data Processing Equipment for the Controland Circulation of Magazines

RONALD J. BOOSER, Technical Information Service, 1-14 Laboratory Engineering Administration, Locomotive & Car Equipment Department General Electric Company, Erie, Pennsylvania

MODERN LIBRARY or information serv- erature searching and new magazines were A ice has three alternative ways to handle added to keep up with the changing interests incoming magazines: 1) put them on the of the departments served, the number of shelves and let the personnel come into the magazines circulated grew at a fantastic rate. library and read; 2) circulate title pages or At the same time physical changes of the other similar items to interested personnel; plant restricted library space. or 3) circulate the magazine to interested The Technical Information Service, which personnel. The procedure here described was is responsible for circulation, found itself in developed for use with the third method. a corner piled high with magazines. With the use of IBM tabulators and sort- Another major problem is the changing ing machines, the library of the Locomotive interest on the part of individuals who & Car Equipment Department of the Gen- change positions or move to different loca- eral Electric Company, Erie, Pennsylvania, tions. For example, if an engineer receiving was able to simplify its magazine circulation ten magazines on circulation changed his system and add much to the readily available position, we would have to 1) change ad- information on the magazines it handles. dresses on the magazines he wished to keep; The system made possible the following 2) drop his name from those he no longer accomplishments : wanted to see; 3) add his name to new magazines he wished to see; and 4) repeat 1. Provide better service the procedure for his replacement and for 2. Reduce clerical time needed to circulate the man whom he displaced. With the previ- magazines ous circulation system using preprinted slips, 3. Speed magazine circulation this was difficult. If a large supply of slips 4. Give immediate details on magazines was on hand, these changes might go on for stored in the library months. If only a small supply of slips was 5. Reduce time needed for ordering periodi- kept, frequent reprinting was necessary. cals 6. Enable an over-all picture of circulation to be readily available The Approach 7. Produce circulation records not previously With the problem defined, the next step available was to list the characteristics of an ideal 8. Change circulation slips readily circulation system. These are: 9. Estimate binding, subscription and stor- 1. Ease of change age costs and needs a. Personnel leaving b. Personnel interest The Problem c. Personnel address (plant) The circulation of magazines in any ap- 2. Ability to be printed preciable quantity represents a chore. As a. Change should be incorporated im- library service was expanded to include lit- mediately

JULY-AUGUST 1960 297 b. Forms should not need cutting two files of cards. The first would be a com- c. Forms should be cheap plete circulation list containing all informa- 3 Attachment to magazine tion necessary for circulation. The second a. Must be small would contain all financial and statistical in- b. Must withstand mail treatment formation. The basic unit for both lists was c. Must not hinder mail operations the IBM 5081 Standard Card. Since it con- 4. Other characteristics tains 80 vertical lines of 12 punches each, 80 a. Ease of retrieving other information columns of letters or numerals can be used. 1. Magazines received by one person The circulation listing must have the previ- 2. Magazines received by one group ously described seven items to be workable. (unit) First, a magazine to be circulated, must be 3. All magazines received by library identified. For this purpose a code number 4. Complete circulation list was assigned to each magazine. The first b. Statistical data column on the card is used to identify it, 1. Disposition of magazine (how li- either by language or as a special publica- brary keeps magazine) tion : 2. Frequency of magazine COLUMN1 3. Vendor 0 - English 4. Date library collection begins 1 - German 5. Cost per year 2 - French While this listing seemed extremely com- 3 - Spanish prehensive, it was evident that all the infor- 4 - Indian 5 - South African mation was useful and needed for maximum 6 - Russian library efficiency. After exploring a number 7 -Other of avenues without developing a feasible 8 - Pamphlets system, the problem was presented to a pro- 9 - Government publications (U.S.) cedures automation specialist with the The next four columns (2 through 5) are thought that it might be solved by some used to identify the particular magazine. tabulating scheme. A system using standard punched cards was developed. COLUMNS2-5 0010 (ACTA Polytechnita) 0020 (Advanced Management) Details of the System 0030 (Advertising Requirements) Before the details of the system could be When originally setting up the system, ten worked out, it was necessary to decide the spaces were allowed between successive list- information required to direct a magazine ings. This permits ready incorporation of through the mails and back to the library. new magazines as they may be added to the The following items were deemed necessary: library subscription list. Name of magazine The next step was to list the client by Client's name name and plant address. This was done by Client's plant address starting with the first initial in column 6, the Client's position on list (first, second, second initial in column 8 and the Last name etc.) in column 10. This resulted in proper spac- Client's list (in case more than one copy ing of initials and name as shown below: of the magazine was circulated) G 5 8 9 I0 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 2.5 Client's component or subsection number C A RURKHARD A return to library notice R J GKE.4NEY C 0 S T' R 0 L k 1. G >' G Any needed information about a particular circulation could be derived from these It will be noted that the last line contains items. On the other hand, they cover only the title of the magazine itself, and that it part of the list of necessary system charac- starts in the tenth column. This permits al- teristics. Therefore, it was decided to have phabetical sorting by the IBM sorter. SPECIAL LIBRARIES Columns 26 through 29 identify the plant As a matter of information for the library address. Column 26 is the floor, and columns staff, column 55 was used to indicate the 28 and 29 the building number (for ex- final disposition of the magazine when re- ample 1- 14). The card containing the maga- turned from circulation : zine title must have "Library 1-14" as the last address so a magazine will be returned <> 1-Keep one year to the library at the end of its circulation. 2--Keep two years To accomplish this L-I-B was listed in col- ?-Keep indefinitely umns 24-25-26 and 14 in columns 28-29. 4-Bind Thus it printed: 5-Scrap For client's cards - C A BURKHARD 1-14 Thus columns 32-55 give the information For library cards - ACTA POLYTECHNICA called for by items 4 and 5, for example: LIB 14 So far the magazine and its destination Column 32 33 34 35 36 have been identified. Next, the client is 67490 placed in a group by listing his component Column 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 number in columns 32 through 36. Five 0 1- 3- 2- 4-- columns were required since component This indicates that a person in component numbers in this plant contain five digits. 67490 receives copy 1 and is third on the Reference to -the original seven points list for a weekly magazine that the library shows that five have been taken care of: 1) binds. The information transferred to the name of magazine; 2) client's name; 3) cards is now sufficient to print a circulation client's plant iddress ; 6) client's component list, such as the following: number and 7) return to library notice. It is still necessary to know the listing on which the client appears and what position he has on the list. To do this columns 48-49 were assigned to indicate the listing to be used, the first list being 01, the second 02, etc. Two So far the use of the cards for circulation digits are necessary because the library re- lists has been considered. With proper han- ceives as many as 20 copies of certain maga- dling, however, they can be of much wider zines. The position of the client on the list use. If they are run through a sorter set for is shown in column 51. Here the return to column 51, all the library cards will appear the library card is always the last or number under number 9. Sorting these by columns 9 card. In starting the new system an effort 5 through 2 will give an alphabetical listing was made to have no more than five clients of all magazines circulated. If the other batch on any one listing; however this could not of cards is sorted alphabetically by columns always be done. 10 through 20, the result will be a list of all One more factor requiring consideration clients who receive magazines and the maga- was that magazines are issued at different zines they receive. Other sortings of this frequencies. For example, one month could type will yield the following information: bring five weekly issues of Rdilway Age. 1. Magazines circulated one issue of Marhinerj or two issues of 2. Magazines bound (or scrapped, etc.) Marhim De~ip.To accommodate variation, 3. Complete circulation column 53 was used to differentiate fre- 4. Personnel who receive magazines quency of issue : 5. The various magazines seen by different COLUMN53 groups 1 - Monthly There are other lists available, but the point 2 -Weekly is that all this is a sideline to the original 3 - Bimonthly adventure of improving circulation. 4 - Semimonthly 5 - Quarterly Additions are made once a month by hav- 6 -Irregular ing new cards punched. These are added and JULY-AUGUST I960 the lists for the next month printed on strips Column 76 77 78 79 80 of 1 x 3 inch gummed-back labels. A suf- 01000 Cost $10.00 ficient quantity are printed to take care of one month's circulation only. This eliminates When completely punched, a run of the checking in the magazines. The strips are at- reproduced cards would appear as follows: tached by running them through a letter 01900 RAILWAY AGE moistener. LIB 14 08 9 2 4 67490 003 98 01000 Thus far all the characteristics of the ideal 01920 RAILWAY GAZETTE circulation system have been met with the LIB 14 02 9 2 4 73010 001 44 01500 exception of the last three: vendor, date of collection and cost per year. Application Fifty-five of the 80 columns on the IBM IBM cards containing these items have card have been used. Since the remaining in- more than doubled the amount of informa- formation is required only on the library tion that can be supplied to library clients. (column 51 number 9) cards, these are run Sorting the library cards (new reproduced through a duplicator. The following infor- cards) by vendor gives a list of all maga- mation is then added: zines obtained from any one source. With a 1. Who pays for the magazine little adjustment, the machine will total the 2. Vendor of magazine cost to each vendor, thus furnishing a check 3. Year library begins its collection on the vendor's yearly invoice. Since all sub- 4. Cost per year for magazine scriptions pass through the library, each sec- This is done by using the following code. tion must be billed for the magazines it re- Columns 57 through 61 show the charge ceives. This is done by sorting the cards number of the person or group that orders or according to component charged, printing pays for the magazine. This information was them up and totaling the amount each time necessary because the library only pays for the number changes. Other uses are: magazines it circulates or orders for itself. I. Cost of periodicals per year to the de- Othcr subscriptions are handled through the partment library but are billed against the component 2. Cost of periodicals per year to any com- requesting them. Columns 64 through 66 ponent in the department show the vendor by code: 3. Number of periodicals received per year 4. Periodicals circulated and to whom they went Stechert-Hafner 5. Number of periodicals stored, bound, dis- Moore-Cottrelf carded, etc. Simmons Boardman McGraw-Hill 6. Magazine circulation per month American Chemical Society 7. Estimated binding cost per year Association of American Railroads Independent Many more items using different sorting Government publications routines could be mentioned. These, how- Free ever, will suggest themselves according to Columns 70 and 71 show the last two dig- the needs of individual libraries. This IBM its of the year. Finally, the annual cost of system enables our library to control the the magazine appears in columns 76 through circulation of magazines better than ever 80. For Railway Age the columns are: before, if for no other reason than that the Column 57 58 59 60 61 machines do all the adding to keep the fig- 67490 ures in balance. The best feature of the sys- Component charged tem is that it is flexible enough to encompass Column 64 65 66 70 71 new changes as they occur. The new system 003 98 Simmons Began has met with wide approval throughout the Boardman 1898 department.

SPECIAL LIBRARIES Planning the New Library: Thiokol Chemical Corporation's Reaction Motors Division Library

WILLIAM A. WEISER, Systems Analyst Thiokol Chemical Corporation, Reaction Motors Division, Denville, New Jersey

HIOKOL CHEMICALCorporation was Motors Division by a decision in the summer T founded in 1929 by Bevis Longstreth to of 1958 to construct a two-story addition to develop and market synthetic rubber and add 54,300 square feet to the administration related products. From this humble begin- building. ning, ii which synthethic rubber was first In the short period 1955 to 1960, Reac- produced commercially in America, the Cor- tion Motors increased from 671 employees poration expanded and diversified until its to 1,850. Professional-technical employees, products are now marketed by three opera- such as engineers, chemists and physicists, tions: chemicals, rocket and specialties. To- increased by 71.4 per cent over the same five day there are over 9,000 employees in nine year span. locations. Corporate sales in 1959 were al- most 190 million dollars. Thiokol common Background of Reaction Motors Library stock was admitted for trading on the New Yotk Stork Exchange December 10, 1958. Prior to the move to the new building in Reaction Motors, Denville, New Jersey, , the library occupied 900 was merged with Thiokol in May 1958 and square feet of floor space and was located in is presently a division of the rocket opera- the research building. Although the library tions, Thiokol rocket operations have sup- facilities were adequate in 1955, the bur- plied motors for the Nike-Hercules, Ser- geoning of the missile industry and the re- geant, Matador, Farside, X-17 Missiles and sultant increase in the number of employees the X-15 Aircraft. The latter will be the first at Reaction Motors Division left us, in the manned vehicle designed to carry a human short space of three years, without adequate being to the fringes of outer space. space for stacks, reading areas and library In 1958 all the rocket plants were taxed employees. Usable working area was at a to capacity, and thus conitruction of addi- premium. tional facilities in four of the locations was Although cramped for physical facilities, vigorously undertaken. The effect of cor- some worthwhile tasks were accomplished porate expansion was evidenced at Reaction prior to the move. A professional librarian

View of the book and journal stacks from the entrance after passing the receptionist.

1

JULY-AUGUST 1960 The banks of five-drawer files in the report area as seen from the work area of the librarians.

was added to the staff of three non-profes- cards were designed and printed. This per- sionals in January 1958. mitted the posting of records more efficiently A vendor catalog file was set up in the and provided ready access to more detailed engineering group for the use of engineers tnformation. and designers. The unit, which is located The acquisitions list was updated and in the engineering building, is administered modified after a survey of users revealed the by library personnel on a part-time basis. need for a revision. To secure the maximum The catalogs are stored in ten legal-size, quantity discount, the majority of periodical four-drawer file cabinets. The filing system subscriptions were placed with one agency. is a modification of C.A.D.O. and is par- This resulted in approximately $400 in sav- ticularly slanted to meet the needs of en- ings the first year. All renewals are now gineering personnel. In addition to the sub- made once a year, with additions and dele- ject index, there is a manufacturers' file and tions prorated to the one renewal date. This a local representative file. saves excessive bookkeeping and paperwork. In 1958 it was decided to create a subject Seven additional journals were scheduled heading list. This required the review of ap- for binding, and back issues were secured proximately 13,500 catalog cards. Taking a to complete the more valuable runs of peri- composite listing from the subject indices of odicals. This specific action was a direct re- Library of Congress, NACA, ASTIA and sult of employees' suggestions brought to others, a list of approximately 4,760 subject light by a periodical survey. headings was created, which was specifically At no additional cost and to assist in patterned to reflect the missile industry in satisfying the requirements for four-drawer general and Reaction Motors in particular. file cabinets in other areas of the division, This list also included other general classifi- 36 five-drawer, letter-size file cabinets were cations and supplanted the previous method substituted for 43 four-drawer, letter-size of cataloging by the ASTIA coding system, cabinets and a large safe in the library. The which was not sufficiently descriptive or de- most important result of this maneuver, tailed. Employees are now able to use the however, was the gain in 100 square feet of card catalog without assistance. floor space without decreasing the amount of All the books were cataloged in the stand- file storage. ard fashion using the Dewey Decimal Clas- Last, but not least, a procedure for the sification. Library of Congress cards were screening and destruction of out-dated re- ordered, where appropriate, for all acquisi- ports was established. In the first effort over tions. An efficient and economical hand- 2,000 reports were destroyed. Eventually, operated stencil was used to reproduce cata- when realistic retention dates are established log cards for acquisitions not covered by and an approved microfilming program is Library of Congress cards. complete, the bulk of reports will be reduced New withdrawal and periodical record by 50 per cent. 302 SPECIAL LIBRARIES Research for the "Ideal" Library reading tables, side chairs, storage cabinets, As the proposed move of the library into magazine racks and study carrels. the new building would not occur for a year, Moving the Library it was decided to undertake an extensive sur- vey of every source of information that It had been determined beforehand that would help in planning the new library area. all relocations to the new building could be Preliminary investigations were published handled most flexibly and economically by internally in . Several of the company employees. Arrangements, there- sources covered were : fore, were made with the plant engineering

de~artment.I To cause a minimum of incon- 1. Texfbooks ad pei.iodicals. Information venience to users, it was decided to move the from these included operation of libraries, library on a weekend. Cartons were delivered their purpose, organization, functions, space to the library on Friday morning. By Friday and equipment. Included in this source was afternoon, the contents of stacks, bookcases SLA's Terhuiccd Libraries-Their Orxanizd- and desks were packed. File cabinets were tion cznd Marzagertzent and many articles transported with the contents intact. Plant from the "Planning the New Library" series engineering arrived on the scene with stake in Special Libraries. trucks and all padded equipment. Fortu- 2. Ewzplojees. A literature survey of indi- nately, no closed vans were necessary as the viduals in several areas of the division and weather was good. Wotk on Friday also their comments were incorporated in our involved the knock-down, transportation and proposals for improvement of the library set-up of the shelving units in the new area. services. Additional shelving, which had been 3. Industrial and research libraries. Four re- ordered and stored in the new area, was as- search libraries in the geographical area sembled at this time, permitting us to leave were visited. In every case the people con- behind several sections of old and obsolete tacted were extremely courteous and help- wooden shelving. On Saturday morning the ful. The exchange of ideas and guided tours material to be shelved was delivered first. of each facility proved to be a most fruitful Library personnel assisted in unpacking and source of information in terms of projecting reshelving this material. While they were a composite picture of what should be the thus engaged, the balance of desks, file cabi- ideal industrial . nets and miscellaneous equipment was de- 4. Confereme with ernployee~. The ideas livered. The shelving of books and periodi- and comments of library users, who repre- cals was not completed on Saturday and had sented areas of interest such as research, en- to be finished Sunday. On Monday the li- gineering and product planning, gave us the opportunity to incorporate the needs of spe- cific groups into the plans. Allowances for expansion, based on five- year personnel and sales forecasts, were also included in the plans. Research for the new library paid multiple dividends. The following proposals were ac- cepted and incorporated into the new facil- ities. I) A technical librarian was hired in ; 2) A separate work area for library personnel was created; 3) A quiet study room was included; 4) A Veri- fax copying machine was located in the li- brary; 5) Additional reference texts were purchased : 6) New equipment included The general reading room. JULY-AUGUST 1960 303 Journals

304 SPECIAL LIBRARIES brary employees were able to unpack their desks in minimum time, and the library was again in operation.

The New Location The library occupies 1976 square feet in the new building-more than double the old space. It is located on the first floor in the center of the building, with an entrance of double doors off the main corridor. This space is considered the most central location to the heaviest users. To the right of the entrance are five and one-half-foot partitions The quiet reading room. These carrels are to be replaced with others affording more with frosted glass separating the file and privacy. work area from the rest of the library. All the file cabinets containing the collection of makes them easy to clean and glare-resistant. 25,000 reports are behind the partitions The furniture is steel and conforms to stand- nearest the entrance. At the far end of the ards established by Reaction Motors Di- room and adjacent to the work area is the vision. All the hues are subdued and create quiet reading room, which takes advantage a pleasant and restful atmosphere. The tele- of the windows and has ceiling-to-floor phones are inter-connected by a buzzer soundproof partitioning. system for transferring calls between re- The balance of window space beside the ceptionist and work area. quiet reading room, which is the farthest A former multi-board, free-standing dis- point from the entrance, is devoted to a gen- play proved too cumbersome to use and eral reading area. The stacks are located be- occupied too much space. This item was tween the general reading area and the eliminated, and a bulletin board was placed entrance and also run the length of the wall on the wall to the left of the entrance. This opposite the library offices. An area inside allows us to display the book jackets of cur- the entrance to the left is occupied by a li- rent acquisitions and also notices of articles brarian-receptionist. or books written by employees. The library has suspended semi-indirect On order, but not received as yet, are fluorescent lights, which offer well diffused periodical display racks, which will be lo- indirect lighting of approximately 100 foot cated near the entrance. The study carrels candles at desk height. The 10-foot high that were received do not have sufficient ceiling is composed of white painted Fiber- partition height to provide privacy and are glas panels. Pale blue venetian blinds grace being replaced. the window area. The window wall and, at the opposite end Operation of the New Library of the room, the entrance wall of cinder- Since our move to the new location, we block construction are spray-painted white, have undertaken and completed several proj- intermixed with flecks of gray and light ects. With our increased facilities we were brown. The floors are tan asphalt and match able to re-absorb several smaller "libraries" the tan of the five and one-half-foot parti- that had been created in other areas due to tions. The ceiling to floor partitions of the our previous lack of space. outer parallel library walls and quiet reading We completed a survey of a selected room are pale green. sample of 125 library users in which we The office equipment including the study asked for comments on the library's 250 carrels are grey with chairs upholstered in periodical subscriptions. This report proved green imitation leather. The desk and table helpful in many areas, including retention tops are a dark grey composition, which of material, deletion or addition of peri-

JULY-AUGUST 1960 odicals and circulation. Surplus periodicals Division at a small cost in comparison to resulting from the survey were sold or commercial publication. A small brochure destroyed. describing the library, how it operates and The library is presently assisting the the services it offers is also being prepared metallurgy department in the establishment for internal distribution. of a vendor catalog file. Various automatic and semi-automatic sys- In the near future the library will issue a tems (excluding computors) that can be Table of Contents Bulletin, which will con- used for the storage and retrieval of infor- tain reproductions of the contents pages of mation are presently being investigated. selected periodicals. This booklet will be These and many other projects will keep us reproduced and printed at Reaction Motors busy for some time to come.

VITAL STATISTICS FOR THE THIOKOL CHEMICAL CORPORATION'S REACTION MOTORS DIVISION LIBRARY Total square foot area 1976 Staff 5 Professional 2 Nonprofessional 3 Employees served at location 1850 Services extended to other areas Corporation Average number of users per day 50- 1 00 Volumes and bound and unbound periodicals as of February 1960 6000 Current periodical subscriptions 250 Vertical file drawers 21 1 Date of completion August 1959 Special Facilities: microfilm reader, Microcard reader, Verifax copier

Developments in Photoreproduction

LORETTA J. KIERSKY, Librarian Air Reduction Co., Inc., Murray Hill, New Jersey Chairman, Committee on Photographic Reproduction

N EXTENSIVE display of equipment, ac- mat, Inc., Belmont, Mass. Microfilm, either A cessories, supplies and services was pre- l6mm or 35mm and in roll, strip or unit sented at the Ninth Annual Meeting and format, msy be viewed on the reader. When Convention of the National Microfilm As- il button is pushed, the machine automati- sociation, held April 19-21 in New York cally produces a positive enlargement. A City. Eight papers were presented at the print may be obtained in about 45 seconds at Library Program meeting. They covered the a cost of about 7y2 cents. A 200-foot roll of use of microfilm in libraries, educational paper permits 180 exposures. Size of the institutions, archives and in publishing. The rage prmt is 8y2 x 11 inches with an image papers are to be published at a later date in area of 7 x 9% inches. Three lenses are the Association's Proceedings. available with magnifications of 15x, 24x Among equipment demonstrated was the and 35x. The manufacturer claims the copies new reader-printer manufactured by Docu- nrill remain permanently white. A separate 306 SPECIAL LIBRARIES card holder with a pressure ring assures tion of microfilmed engineering drawings. positive positioning of cards. Size of the One project of this Department has been machine is 13 x 30 x 26 inches. It weighs concerned with standards and specifications 68 pounds. The price is $850. for microfilming systems, specifically engi- Two previously introduced reader-printers, neering documents, and including the in- both manufactured by Minnesota Mining sertion of the microre~roductions in the and Manufacturing Company, were also dis- aperture of the punched card. The proposed played. Thermofax Filmac 100 produces 8% standards and specifications, prepared jointly x 11 inch enlargements. It is 17 x 16 x 25% by the military and industry, will be of inter- inches high and weighs 86 pounds. The est to all concerned with information re-

price is $629. Thermofax Filmac 200 pro- trieval. One result of the -.project is to stand- duces 18 x 24 inch enlargements. Its greatest ardize 35mm microfilm as the size best use has been to produce prints of micro- suited for the storage of engineering data. filmed engineering drawings or maps. It Two of the proposed standards are: Mil - weighs 300 pounds. The price is now $929. M - 9868 Requirements for Microfilming Both machines were formerly known as the of Engineering Documents, 35mm, and Mil 3M reader-printers. - STD - 804 Formats and Coding of A new machine named the "Universel" Tabulating and Aperture Cards for Engi- has been introduced abroad. By means of it, neering Data Micro-Reproduction system. any document may be reproduced in photo- Such standardization represents progress in copy format or as a microfilm enlargement. It providing the user with standards for qual- will automatically produce enlargements on ity, interchange of data with a minimum of slow-printing paper in ordinary light. The effort, compatibility with other systems and manufacturer is 0. L. de Beauvais, Paris, also the up-dating of equipment and manu- France. When a microfilm enlargement is factured products such as the aperture card. wanted, a sheet of slow-printing paper is A project completed by the U. S. Patent placed under the screen with the sensitized Office last February makes available a listing side facing the lens. Depending upon the of microfilm patents in the 56,000 subclasses density of the negitive, it is exposed be- of the Patent Office's Manual of Classifica- tween 40 to 60 seconds. After exposure, the tion. Any interested library may purchase sheet is inserted into the slot of a developer. the eleven reels of microfilm from the Li- The enlargement emerges a few seconds brary of Congress for $56. Twenty-one li- later. Photocopies may also be made on this braries throughout the country hold printed machine. Procedure is similar except the copies of U. S. Patents. These are arranged printing paper is placed against the docu- only by number but not by subclass. The ment to be reproduced. Cost of the machine, microfilm listing now makes-subject searches exclusive of tax and shipping charges, is possible. Once the searcher has found the 1700 new French francs (about $350). subclass numbers of the patents of interest, The long awaited micro-opaque printer the patents themselves may be selected for has not yet been released from the "test review. The microfilm now eliminates the kitchen." Two models are expected to be need for correspondence directly with the made available soon: one fully automatic Patent Office in Washington to obtain sub- and one non-automatic. At present, page class numbers. prints of Microcard frames may be obtained by writing directly to Microcard Corporation at West Salem, Wisconsin. The Microcard Notes Librarians Like to Receive Department number must be included with the request. "To : Chief Librarian- This number is shown over the trade mark "I wish to extend my thanks to the library on the Microcard. A typical number, for ex- staff for their very thorough cooperation ample, might be FO 52 181. during my current literature search. Highlighting the recent NMA meeting "I have been literally buried in an ava- was the Department of Defense demonstra- lanche of information thanks to their efforts." JULY-AUGUST 1960 307 News From SLA Headquarters

Convention Notes tablishing some standards to guide them in Registration at the Cleveland Convention, deciding what to preserve and how and June 5-8, totaled 1,280. where the records should be deposited, the The SLA Professional Award was granted need of preparing and making widely avail- posthumously to Rose Boots for her efforts able guides or catalogs to such records, and in establishing the SLA Scholarship and encouraging historians to make greater use Student Loan Fund and her continual in- of existing, as well as forthcoming, manu- terest in its growth. script collections. The H. W. Wilson Company Chapter The final discussion was concerned with Award was presented to the Indiana and Rio establishing a continuing body or commis- Grande Chapters for the best projects pro- slon through which the objectives of the moting special library service in the com- Conference might be achieved. . . . munity. The Executive Committee will assemble, Heart of America Chapter won the Mem- edit and prepare for publication the papers bership Gavel for a 20 per cent increase in and proceedings of the Conference. It is membership during the past year. hoped these may be available in published SLA Hall of Fame medallions were given form some time in 1961. The Committee to Pauline M. Hutchison and Ruth Savord. will also summarize the results of the Con- Dorothy Bemis and Florence Bradley were ference and proposals for further action in not present to receive their awards. a report which will . . . be available it is The contribution of $2,000 to the SLA hoped in the early winter of 1960. . . . Scholarship and Student Loan Fund from Because of its interest in libraries, archives the H. W. Wilson Foundation was an- and the preservation of records, Special Li- nounced. braries Association should continue its repre- At the Annual Business Meeting the sentation in the Conference or with such membership approved a motion to "retain body or organization which is established to the $50,000 limit on the General Reserve carry out its objectives. Several of the speak- Fund and that any funds received from in- ers, for example, stressed the importance of terest or any other source hereafter be added scientific research in industrial organizations to the general funds of the Association, and and the importance of preserving the rec- that the present excess over $50,000 be ords, biographies and papers of scientists in added to the general funds of the Associa- these organizations. This would seem to be tion." an area within which the SLA and some of The Executive Board at its June 9 meet- its members, at least, might effectively serve ing approved plans to publish a membership to help achieve the objectives of the Con- directory in the fall. ference on Science Manuscripts. WALTERW. RISTOW Conference on Science Manuscripts SLA Representative The Conference, made possible through a grant from the National Science Foundation Translations Center to the History of Science Society, was called Two grants have recently been made by to consider the problems of collecting and the National Science Foundation to the SLA preserving manuscript records, papers and Translations Center. The first, for $24,000, biographical data of American scientists in is for continued support of the Center; the various branches of science. . . . second, for $34,105 is for support of a Sur- The speakers emphasized the importance vey of Translation Activities in Universities, of encouraging and persuading scientists to Societies and Industry in the Fields of Sci- preserve their papers, the desirability of es- ence and Technology. SPECIAL LIBRARIES Linedex Panels for Periodical Routing additions will be copied for the new routing In our company where many of the staff slips. The out-of-date slips will then be dis- are frequently moved from one department carded. to another, we had to find a way to keep the library's periodical routing records up-to- date. With the help of our business pro- cedures group and Remington Rand Limited, we have at last found a satisfactory solution. Suppose a staff member wishes to have several periodicals routed to him. . . . First of all he would check those titles on the periodical checklist. Each title on this list has a number beside it. These numbers are cir- cled on a numbered card. The man's name is typed on the bottom of the card with his location written in pencil. This 8 x 5 inch card is then filed in a Remington Rand Mobile Kardex. Graetz Bros. Limited The next step is to arrange for the man's The Linedex panels that hold easily change- name to appear on the routing lists for the able data for routing periodicals periodicals he wishes to see. There may be several copies of each title to take care of the many employees at different addresses. The We began this new system with a trial of name is typed on a series of cardboard strips. 12 panels. When we found it satisfactory, Each strip is added to the lists in a Linedex we increased the number of panels to 72 to panel under the title of the periodicals re- take care of all periodical routing. It was so quested. The name will then appear with successful in the Montreal library that the others at the same mailing address. company library in Toronto then introduced At regular intervals the Linedex panels the same system. are sent to our service bureau where they are The following supplies are needed : photo-copied by the Xerox process. The 1. Periodical checklist: a numbered list of copies are cut down the centre line and re- periodicals available for routing. This list is turned with the panels to the library. The checked by the individual employee. sheets are then cut to form separate routing 2. Numbered card: a record of the indi- slips for each title. These slips are filed by vidual's request for periodicals to be routed. title and replaced as new copies are made 3. Mobile Kardex: a Remington Rand file from the panels. More copies are kept for which holds the numbered cards. weekly publications than for those issued 4. Linedex inserts: perforated sheets on less frequently. which names and also titles of periodicals When a person is transferred to another are typed. These are separated into single department or district, the strips are moved strips and inserted in the panels in the form so that his name will appear at the new of a routing slip. location. If he no longer wishes to see cer- 5. Linedex panels: Remington Rand metal tain periodicals, the strips are removed from frames (15% x 9% inches) which hold the the panel. In the same way his name can be inserts. These are kept in a rotary stand. added for new titles. The next time the BEATRICESAUNDERS, Chief Librarian panels are sent to the service bureau to be The Bell Telephone Company of Canada photo-copied, the transfers, deletions and Montreal, Quebec

JULY-AUGUST 1960 Standards and Status in Academic Libraries tronics engineers is available from Cambridge The status of the college and university li- Communications Corporation, 238 Main St., brarian according to the accrediting stand- Cambridge 42, Massachusetts. Abstracts of ards of regional and professional associa- papers on the theory, production and use of tions is discussed by Dr. Fritz Veit in an solid state materials and devices (including article in the March College and Research semiconductors, magnetics and dielectrics) Libraries. Assuming that academic status is are printed on 3 x 5 inch index cards to the librarian's goal, Dr. Veit's comparative provide a cumulative, multiple-entry index analysis shows that the standards of all to the solid state literature. Approxin~ately regional accrediting associations, except the 5000 cards will be supplied during the first Northwest Association, specify faculty status year of publication. for head librarians. Only the Southern As- sociation, however, states that the whole li- Special Libraries in Russian brary staff should be included in the faculty. According to a recent Soviet publication, Of the professional associations, only the Special Libraries appears to be read by, or at American Association of Law Schools clearly least familiar to, a good number of Russian states that faculty status should be accorded librarians. The publication in question is to the head librarian, although in the stand- Inosti.an~zyePeriodicheskie Zzdataniia po Bib- ards of several associations the connection liografii i Bibliotekovedeniia v Bibliotekakh of the specialized library with the central Moskzly i Le~ziizgrada: Svod~zyi Katalog, university library is noted. In such cases which may be translated as "A Union List of the general library personnel policies are Foreign Bibliographic and Library Science expected to prevail, and according to a re- Periodicals in and Leningrad Li- cent ACRL University Libraries Section sur- braries." Published in Moscow in 1959, the vey, over one-half of the United States col- list shows holdings up to 1955 and reveals leges and universities have given academic that Specid Libraries is available in no less recognition to their professional library than 19 libraries in the two cities-3 in staffs. Leningrad (the Academy of Sciences Li- Research Firm Expands brary, the Leningrad Public Library and the Leningrad University Library) and 16 in The Planning Research Corporation, 1333 Moscow (including the Lenin Library, Mos- Westwood Boulevard, Los Angeles 24, Cali- cow University Library and the library of fornia, has announced the establishment of a the Moscow State Library School). By con- new biomedical operations research service trast, Americarz Docunzenfdtio?z is held by to plan, program, analyze and assess research programs in the biological, medical and only 3 libraries in the area, and College am' paramedical fields. The corporation also Research Libraries can be perused in only offers planning and research assistance in seven. Even the Library Quarterly lags be- such fields as international economics, area hind, with holdings in 15 libraries. In gen- development and redevelopment, inventory eral, however, the Soviet librarians seem to and equipment management, personnel, elec- be subscribing to an astounding number of tronic data processing, government ad- our professional bibliographic publications ministration and finances, market research, -another evidence of the importance placed transportation and distribution and military on documentation and information-process- systems. ing activities in the Soviet Union. ROSEMARYNEISWENDER, Assistant Librarian Solid State Abstracts on Cards The RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, Calif. A leaflet describing a new technical abstract- (Reprinted from the Southern California Chap- ing service for solid state physicists and elec- ;ri. Bulletin. February 1960.) 310 SPECIAL LIBRARIES Maryland Offers Tuition Aid May I comment and give some further informa- tion on certain points in Dr. Warheit's paper in The University of Maryland has announced the February 1960 Special Libraries. a tuition aid plan to pay out-of-state tuition We have used a Dagmar Reader for nearly three to the University of North Carolina at years now and cannot agree that it "takes some Chapel Hill for any qualified Maryland mechanical skill to set up the reader" or that "the magnetised film (fiche) holder leaves something resident seeking a Master of Science in Li- to be desired". Our junior assistants can do the brary Science degree. The aid amounts to former without difficulty, and the fiche holder is a $175 per semester or $117 per summer ses- neat method of "holding and turning the page". sion with a total cash value of up to $625 The fact that the International Documentation Centre "favours" the Huygins reader should not and is available for three semesters or four be emphasised as this organisation is simply a summer sessions. For further information commercial firm. write Howard Rovelstad, Director of Li- It is not very difficult to make enlargements braries, University of Maryland, College from Microcards. If they are good Microcards, an Park, Maryland. acceptable black on white enlargement can be made by using the "Card adaptor" (which we have designed for the Dagmar microfiche reader), California Union List of Newspapers a sheet of glass and some document copying pa- A Union List of Newspapers in California per. The paper is placed face upwards under the glass on the table top after the image from the Libraries, representing holdings of 175 li- card has been focussed thereon, an exposure of braries in the state, is now available for use 10-15 seconds and normal photographic processing in the Union Catalog Section of the State produces good results. Library in Sacramento. The list, on cards, A brief description of the adaptor appeared in contains information on three categories of the Librally Associatjon Record, vol. 61, no. 10, , p. 260. newspapers: foreign, including those in the MR. L. L. ARDERN,Librarian English language, of all dates; newspapers Manchester College of Science & Technology, published prior to 1900 in the United States, Manchester, England its territories and possessions (excluding The National Science Foundation urges all U. S. California) ; and newspapers published in scientific and technical information centers to co- California at any time. operate in a survey being conducted by Battelle Memorial Institute for the Foundation. The survey In Memoriam is intended to locate all information centers in the United States serving the physical and life PAULS. ALLEN,librarian of the central li- sciences and technologies and to collect factual brary of Standard Oil Company (New Jer- data relating to their activities and services. sey) since 1948, died on May 2, 1960. The Foundation will use the survey results to prepare a national directory of information cen- ters and to relate the activities of the centers to Letters to the Editor the total LT.S. scientific and technical information May we remind members of the Special Libraries program. Information concerning location, sub- Association of an important deadline. The closing ject coverage, scope of collection, and types of date for submitting periodical holdings for New services available, etc., will be gathered by ques- Serial Titles' ten-year cumulation is September tionnaire. 30, 1960. Librarians who have not participated The value of the survey and directory will de- before now may still send their lists for inclusion pend upon the completeness of coverage. NSF, in the cumulative volume, which is due to be therefore, requests that any activity which identi- published in the Fall of 1961. fies itzelf as an information center should send In order to make New Seriul Titles as valuable its name and address to Mr. William H. Bickley, as possible for locating periodicals held by special Battelle Memorial Institute, 505 King Avenue, libraries, members of the Association are urged to Columbus 1, Ohio. take advantage of this opportunity. CLYDEC. HALL,Public Information Officer Information and forms for submitting titles may National Science Foundation, Washington, D. C. be obtained from the Editor, New Serial Titles, A recent article in College and Resea~ch Li- Serial Record Division, Library of Congress, Wash- bruries concerned itself in part with the cover-to- ington 25, D. C. cover translation program for Russian journals. ANNE MCCANN,Chairman This article was representative of a school of Science-Technology Rezources Committee thought which, in my opinion, leans toward an Science-Technology Group, New York Chapter intramural approach to the subject.

JULY-AUGUST 1960 I daresay no one still questions the necessity for this same article, at prices ranging up to ten dol- scientists to know what their Russian counterparts lars per Russian page. The over-all cost in money are doing; but American scientists-unlike many and manpower is staggering. It has been estimated of their foreign counterparts-are, for all working that the cost of producing one thousand words fur purposes, unilingual, i.e., they are so much more 600 subscribers under the progmnz that is now run at home in English that much valuable time would costs about $60. It should be perfectly obvious that be wasted reading the foreign language. It could no more than three people could be served for the be argued that this shouldn't be so, that lingual same money under the abstracting program I have skills should be developed, but the fact is that our outlined. I grant immediately that not all 600 are scientists must know what the Russians are writ- interested in any one article; but surveys show ing and they can't read Russian. that the range is certainly above three and is very There are three major possibilities for getting often over 100. the information to our scientists: 1) Selected Librarians, of course, can complain about the translations; 2) Abstracting and 3) Cover-to-cover r~iggardliness of management and tight budgets. translation. This has nothing to do with the economics of ab- Our own firm had a long and involved ex- stracting vs. cover-to-cover translation. Manage- perience with both abstracting and selection of ments not currently alert to the needs and econo- translations from the Technical Oil Mission Reels. mies of this program (and there are fewer and In our experience, there were required a vast body fewer of them) should be so alerted. of consultants, who got bogged down in months Another complaint is that there is too much lit- of communication. We ran the risk of omitting erature. Again, although information retrieval is important material because one reviewer did not probably one of the most important problems of recognize it as such. The program required an the 1960's, this complaint has little to do with inordinate amount of pinpointed promotional ma- whether covel.-to-cover translation is more eco- terial, making for very high charges to customers nomical than abstracting. because of the minute circulation of such articles, The most important aspect of what has been de- and was less than a success financially. To my veloped so far is that now there is a program: mind, such a program is but one faltering step thousands of man hours of thought-on the part ahead of doing all translation on a custom basis. of government o%cials, officers of this company There are many advocates of abstracting, most as well as other companies, and many consultants of them with a vested interest just as the writer -have been spent on this problem. In the studied of this letter has a vested interest. It is my opinion opinions of all these people, there is no better that a program of abstracting Russian journals method for disseminating as much information to would be wasteful, inefficient, and would actually the scientific community. There are now some 83 cost more money ouerall than does the cover-to- Russian journals being translated on a cover-to- cover translation program already developed. What cover basis. These represent the cream of the Rus- are the requirements of an abstracting program? sian scientific periodical literature, and the trans- First, high-caliber and well-paid scientist-transla- lations are getting more and more current and de- tors and second, reviewers or, as an alternative, veloping ever-increasing circulations. This program the use of the translator also as a reviewer. has put at the fingertips of English-speaking scien- As is well known, there is a dearth of such tists the work done by their Russian counterparts, translators (we estimate-no more than 500 in a language they can read immediately. Since al- throughout the world who can do high-caliber most the entire subscribership is composed of li- Russian-English scientific translation). braries rather than of individuals, readerrhip, it Let us assume a four-page article. It would take has been estimated, is from 50 to 100 times larger a half-hour of the translator's time to read this than subscribership, whereas the total expenditure article, even if it were then decided not to make of government in subsidizing this program runs an abstract at all, in which event it would be a well under two million dollars. It is my estimate waste of time and money. If it were decided to that if the problem were met in any other way, the abstract it in, let us say, a Chemical Abstracts cost to government and industry would be treble style, i.e., something more detailed than a precis, what it is now-and this without the completeness such an abstract would take a minimum of one of coverage that serves everyone, including scien- hour to write. A total time of an hour and a half tists working in limited areas of research. has now been expended, whereas the entire trans- EARLCOLEMAN, President lation could have been performed in the same Consultants Bureau Enterprises, Inc., New York time; but instead of the complete translation, you have only an abstract. For a biographical study of Jack Spurling Now let us assume a subscribership has been de- (1871-1933), British marine artist, I would like veloped for such abstracts. Ten scientists working to hear from anyone possessing facts or other in various firms find that abstract 1 has only pertinent material. whetted their appetites, and they want the entire MRS. HELENW. RODGERS,Librarian article in translation. They now go out into the The Babcock & Wilcox Company market, and each one gets a different translation of 161 East 42nd Street, New York 17

SPECIAL LIBRARIES Book Review covered in relation to the British Commonwealth, revealing a multitude of official documents and GUIDETO REFERENCEMATERIAL. A. J. TP'alfo~d, serial publications seldom set forth so well before Editor. London, The Library Association, 1959. in any one place. 543 p. $12.15. R. R. Bowker Co., U.S. distributor. The great variety of United Nations materials Since the last supplement of John Minto's Ref- are well-represented and are often cross-referenced ence Bookr appeared in 1931, reference librarians from the annotations for standard sources, in the and library students on two sides of the Atlantic technical fields especially. Maps, anthologies and have awaited the publication of a new standard source books are omitted, but atlases have received authority in the field of British reference bibliog- a massive treatment over seven pages of entries for raphy. Though this dark age was made less general atlases, by form arrangement and country, onerous over the years by the comprehensive and are indexed from no less than 20 topical sub- presence of C. M. Winchell's frequently supple- divisions. Needless to say, the citations for works mented Guide to Reference Books, Dr. Walford, covering English literature are possibly more ex- a Fellow of the British Library Association, has tensive than anything since the publication of the performed a universal service to his profession in Minto volumes. compiling this Guide to Reference Material. Although the editor states that technology is It would be impossible to appraise this book almost as fully represented as in the Winchell without noting its striking similarity, in both form Guide, this should be qualified on the double and substance, to Miss Winchell's Guide. Indeed, count of British emphasis and the generally if they are to complement each other in furnishing comprehensive span of Miss Winchell's work in the best reference material in two possible worlds, important areas outside the English speaking it is hoped that their respective supplements will world. However, the division for physics is sub- be issued in an alternate sequence. divided into 11 different fields and that for Acknowledging the established position of the nuclear physics lists at least two entries from Winchell Guide, Dr. Walford has set forth a the Harwell British Atomic Energy Establishment comprehensive, annotated listing, by Universal that would be of special interest to the library Decimal Classification of reference books and collecting materials on the peaceful uses of atomic bibliographies, which emphasizes current materials energy-an area in which Britain has now and those distinctly British in origin. Although achieved universal distinction. For the law li- constantly apparent throughout the Guide, this brarian who has often puzzled over the chronology feature is not always consistent because there are and indexing of English legal materials, nearly numerous entries from American, French and ten pages of the Guide are devoted to a systematic German sources, especially in the rapidly develop- exploration of British Commonwealth, English and ing fields of the technologies, where the exclu- Irish law reports, digests and statutes. The ac- sion of such authority would certainly diminish knowledged superiority of British publishing in the usefulness of the Guide. language bibliography appears in a total of 34 Bearing in mind this criteria of giving first pages under the languages division. place to British reference materials, the real im- Although it is probably destined to become one, portance of the Guide lies in the currency of its Dr. Walford discounts the use of his Guide as a nearly 3,000 main entries. Barring any immediate text in library school reference curricula. An revision of the Winchell Guide, with its total of analysis of his consistently exhaustive and often 7,500 entries including its supplements, an active technical annotations supports this statement and reference department should not miss the oppor- separates his work from the generally sketchy tunity of checking for material cited in this book annotations found in the Winchell Guide. As through 1957. The editor indicates that the Guide with most reference guides, these annotations will be regularly supplemented with periodical, should be read with care, since they often con- initial listings in the British Library Associutio~z tain notes to outstanding materials which the Record. The Association forecasts a revision every editor, for reasons of his stated criteria, has five or six years. not deemed of sufficient importance to warrant In addition to major reference works and a separate entry. However, each title mentioned in bibliographies, the Guide also includes literature the Guide is carefully indexed, whether it is given surveys and lists of subject materials published, but separate attention or merely a comment within seldom seen, in periodicals, scholarly journals and an annotation. other serial publications. Possibly this is one of The Guide is arranged by ten broad subject the strongest elements on which the Guide can be divisions according to the 1957 abridgement of recommended for use in technical fields and in the Universal Decimal Classification system. history, economics and international relations. As Where "content" is opposed to "application" might be expected, each of these fields are expertly under any one major subject division, this differ- JULY-AUGUST l9GO ence is indicated by cross-reference to another winter, spring and fall. Articles will concentrate division. However, many librarians will find the on original research in American labor history, Winchell Guide more convenient to use with its studies of specific unions, the impact of labor prob- flexible adaptation to the standard Dewey system. lems on ethnic and minority groups, labor history Besides giving the usual bibliographicai informa- theory, biographical portraits, analyses or compara- tion for each title, the Walford Guide also in- tive studies of foreign labor movements and stud- cludes a class number at the top of the entry, thus ies of radical groups or history related to labor distinguishing it from the Winchell work and history. The annual subscription rate is $4; single incidentally providing an aid to classification. issues are $1.50; plus 25$ additional per year for The format of the Guide could have been im- foreign postage. proved by placing headlines running at the top of RUSSIANJOURNAL OF PHYSICALCHEMISTRY is each page in order to identify the subject division being published in cover-to-cover translation by at hand, and this lack may definitely hinder its use. The Chemical Society of London in cooperation Also, the idea of thumb-indexing a volume of with the British Department of Scientific and In- this sort has apparently not yet occured to a dustrial Research. Infosearch Ltd. is furnishing publisher on either side of the Atlantic. the translations, and Cleaver-Hume Press Ltd., 31 A distinguished group of special library ad- Wright's Lane, London, W. 8, is handling the ministrators in the has been distribution. Subscribers can order the first 18 credited for their assistance in bringing this book months' issues (Rucsian to December to print and they, perhaps more than any others, 1960) for f45. are responsible for giving this Guide a place in 1. 6. Z. to be Reprinted the firmament of reference bibliography. The noted German reference series, liciema- J. S. ELLENBERGER,Librarian tionale Biblicigruphie dev Zeitsrh~.iftertliteratur Carter, Ledyard & Milburn, New York City (International Subject Index to Periodicals). which has been practically unobtainable since the pub- New Serials lisher's stock was destroyed during World War CHEMICALTITLES, a 104-page semi-monthly pub- I1 20 years ago, is to be reprinted this fall by lication of the American Chemical Society, will Kraus Reprint Corporation, 16 East 46th Street, make available for the first time an automatically- New York 17. Thir extensive periodical index produced indexed bibliography of some 3000 ar- covers journals, yearbooks and transactions of ticles from the principal United States and foreign learned societies in all fields of learning and dur- chemical journals within two to three weeks after ing the later years of publication covered more receipt of the journal. All titles originally pub- than 6000 titles. Unlike the original edition, the lished in other languages will be translated into reprint edition will be printed on high-quality English before indexing. The new index utilizes paper with wide margins to facilitate rebinding. the "Keyword-in-Context" system in which partial Special prices for orders received before September titles are indexed by an electronic computer into 15, 1960 are available as is a booklet describing alphabetical order by keywords. Each keyword, po- the full scope of the various series and the prices sitioned in the center of the page and amplified by and publication schedule for the reprinted volumes. the surrounding portion of the title, is accom- panied on the same line by the article's identifica- SLA Authors tion code, which directs readers to the related en- ANNAN,GERTRUDE L. Survey or Slurvey ?. Libvary try in the alphabetically arranged bibliography for Journal, vol. 85, no. 11, June 1, 1960, p. 2120-2. full source information. The "electronic editor" ASH, LEE. Natural Resources of the Caribbean: was developed by IBM's Advanced Systems De- Some Bibliographical and Library hTeeds. liz The velopment Division after studies by Chemical Ab- Caribbean: Natural Resources, A. Curtis Wilgus, stracts Services under a $150,000 grant from the ed. Gainesville: University of Press, 1959. National Science Foundation. BEYERLY,ELIZABETH. Soviet Bibliographical Proj- FINANCIALINDEX is a weekly index to all men- ects. Amevican Documentation, vol. 11, no. 1, tions of securities, other than price quotations, in , p. 44-53. the 100 most widely used brokers' reports, finan- BONN, GEORGE S. Technical Books of 1959. cial services, periodicals and newspapers. In addi- Library ~'ouiual,vol. 85, no. 5, March 1, 1960, tion to weekly issues, the new reference service p. 898-904. will include quarterly cumulative editions for per- BURTON,R. E., CO-author.The Half-Life of Some manent use. Citations will indicate briefly whether Scientific and Technical Literatures. American the item is part of a survey or is a comprehensive Documrntatiun, vol. 11, no. 1, lanuary 1960, article and the contents. For subscription informa- p. 18-22. tion and a complete working list of publications to CARLSON,WILLIAM H. The Library Services Act. be indexed, contact The Financial Index Company, Cmzadian Library Assuriatiot~Bulletin, vol. 16, no. 488 Seventh Avenue, New York 18, New York. 5, , p. 228-31. LABORHISTORY, a publication of the Tamiment CLAPP, VERNERW. The School of Experience. Institute, 7 East 15th Street, New York 3, New Libvayy Journal, vol. 85, no. 9, May 1, 1960, p. 'I-ork, will be published three times a year in the 1748-50. SPECIAL LIBRARIES . "To Assist in Solving the Problems of , Physics Information at Bargain Prices. Phlf- Libraries." ALA Bullelin. vol. 54, no. 3, March ics Today. vol. 13, no. 3, March 1960. p. 40; 42. 1960. p. 187-93. MARTIN,ROBERT L. Foreign Scientific Literature . Senate Ratification of Florence Agreement. in Translation. American Documentiztin~z,vol. 11. ALA Bulletin, vol. 54, no. 5, , p. 377-8. no. 2, April 1960, p. 135-50. COLE, GENEVIEVE.Career in Special Libraries. MINDER,THOMAS. The Mathematical Foundations Sciericr Sews. vol. 6, no. 3, Spring 1960, p. 2-3. of Bibliographic Organization. American Docu- DAY,MELVIN S., co-author. New Indexing Pattern mentation, vol. 11, no. 1, January 1960, p. 2-8. for ~2'trc/eu~Science Abstracts. American Docu- PETERSON,IRENE H. Reading in the Social mrntritioi~.vol. 11, no. 2, April 1960, p. 120-7. Sciences. Book Bulletin of the Chicago Public- Dow~s,ROBERT B. Regional Library Centers. Library, vol. 42, no. 3, March 1960, p. 43-6. Cunadiun Library Asrociatiolz Bulletin, vol. 16, no. PHELPS,RALPH H. and HERLING,JOHN P. Al- 5. March 1960, p. 212-5. ternatives to the Scientific Periodical: A Report . We and the ALA. Wilson Library Bul- and Bibliography. Unesco Bulletin for Libraries, letin, vol. 34, no. 9, May 1960, p. 668-70. vol. 14, no. 2, March-April 1960, p. 61-75. DUNKIN,PAUL S. The Old Girl and the RICHMOND,PHYLLIS A. American Documentation Name. or, The Fabulous Fiftie-. Libraf) Re.rou~ces Institute Meeting. College and Research Libraries, and Tecl,n/cal Serz,icer, vol. 4, no. 2, Spring 1960, vol. 21, no. 2, March 1960, p. 156-8. p. 109-15. RICHMOND,PHYLLIS ALLEN. Hierarchical Defi- FOCKE.HELEN M. Reference Books of 1959. Li- nition. American Documentation, vol. 11, no. 2, brary ]o~ri7cll, VOI. 85, no. 8, April 15, 1960, p. April 1960, p. 91-6. 1513-21. -- . Some Aspects of Basic Research in Classi- GRIMSON.SYBIL. and Libraries in Mont- fication. Liblzlry Resources and Technical Seruices. real. ALA Bulletin, vol. 54, no. 6, , p. vol. 4, no. 2, Spring 1960, p. 139-49. 493-5. SHARP,HAROLD S. Organizing RID Information. GROVE,LOUISE. A World to Discover. Nursing Industrial Laboratory, vol. 10, no. 11, November Outlook. vol. 8, no. 4, April 1960, p. 220-1. 1959. KENT. ALLEN.Exploitation of Recorded Informa- . Company Libraries Cut Research Cost. tion. I. Development of an Operational Machine Systems Magazine, May-June 1960, p. 28-9. Searching Service for the Literature of Metallurgy SHICK. FRANK L. Bookbinding Problems and and Allied Subjects. American Documentatiori. Promises: Steps Towards a Re-evaluation of Stand- vol. 11, no. 2, April 1960, p. 173-88. ards. Library Resources and Technical Services. KINGERY,ROBERT E. Latin-American Cooperative vol. 4, no. 2, Spring 1960, p. 131-8. Acquisitions Project. Stechert-Hafner Book News, SHOEMAKER,RALPH. Specialist Thins vol. 14. no. 6, February 1960, p. 65-6. out Clippings. Editor b Publisher, May 28, 1960, KUHLMAN.A. F. TWOARL Approaches to Count- p. 44. ing Holdings of Research Libraries. College and SHORES,LOUIS. What is Right with Library Edu- Reserrrch Lzbraries, vol. 21, no. 3, May 1960, p. cation. Library Journal, vol. 85, no. 9, May I. 207-1 1. 1960, p. 1742-4. JOHNSTON.MRS. LINDA M., co-comp. List of VORMELKER,ROSE L. Business Books of 1959. Reference Relating to Merchant Credit in Agricul- Library Journal, vol. 85, no. 5, March 1, 1960, twe. Atlanta: Research Library, Federal Reserve p. 905-7. Bank of Atlanta. ZAFREN, HERBERTC. Jewish Neu'spapers and LAMB,W. KAYE. Canada's -A Periodicals on Microfilm Available at the Ameri- Progress Report. ALA Bulletm, vol. 54, no. 4, can Jewish Periodical Cenzer. Cincinnati: Ameri- April 1960, p. 287-92. can Jewish Periodical Center, 1960. 32 p. pap. LAND, BRIAN. HOW Canada's Money Market Keeps Idle Cash at Work. Canadian Busine~s,1959. LOREN%,JOHN G. Library Services Act-The First CLASSIFIED ADVERTISING Three Years. ALA Bulletin, vol. 54, no. 1, Janu- Positions open and wanted-50 rents per line; ary 1960. p. 17-27. minimum charge $1 so. MCNIERNEY.MARY ALICE. Library Service to Business: A Study of Ten Librarie~ (thesis). POSITIONS OPEN New York. 1959. 24 p. pap. Available from author, Standard 6r Poor's Corp., 345 Hudson Street, EASTERNGAS & FUELASSOCIATES RESEARCH REF- New York 14. ERENCE LIBRARIAN.Single woman-to have charge MAIZELL,ROBERT E. Information Gathering Pat- of a library collection that is strong in technology, terns and Creativity. American Doc~mentation,vol. particularly in the fields of coal, gas, coke, chetn- icals, chemical engineering and chemical industry. 11, no. 1, January 1960, p. 9-17. -- . International Conference for Standards on Library consists of scientific and technical volumes as well as extensive files of pamphlet material and a Common Language for Machine Searching and reprints. An experienced person with reference Translation. College and Resea~ch Libraries, vol. experience would be especially valuable. Qualifica- 21, no. 2, March 1960, p. 117-24. tions: Graduate in library science or its equivalent

JULY-AUGUST 1960 from library school with accredited curricula. MEDICALLIBRARIAN. Professional librarian re- Benefits: Five day week; conventional hours; quired immediately to supervise modern library group life-health inmrance plan; vacation, etc. serving large teaching hospital and research insti- Salary: Commensurate with training and experi- tute. Scientific or medical background desirable. ence in reference writing fields. Send full particu- Please send complete rexme to: Dr. F. Van V. lars to: Mr. Gordon Healey, Room 812, Eastern Snell, Chairman, Library Committee. Hospital for Gas & Fuel Associates, 250 Stuart Street, Boston Sick Children, 555 University Ave.. Toronto, 16, Mass. Canada. EXCELLENTOPPORTUNITY for librarian to grow SCIENCEREFERENCE LIBRARIAN. In charge of sci- with expanding library in 2-year technical college. ence and technology reference work, bibliography Start as an Asst. September 1 after move to new and materials selection, including cooperation with library building on new campus. Duties: formulate faculty and local industry in building an outstand- and supervise regular and reserve book circulation ing research collection for the Houston area. Some procedures; assist with , refer- teaching opportunity for qualified applicant. Salary ence, research, book selection, displays; serve on open. Month's vacation, sick leave, retirement faculty committees ; sponsor extracurricular activ- plan. L.S. degree, experience; advanced study in ities; compile reports, bibliographies, statistics, science or technology desirable. Write to Hardin etc.; supervirr card filing. Collection not limited Craig, Librarian, Rice Institute, Houston, for fur- to technical books. Prefer experienced MLS but ther details. will accept BLS with evidence of intent to com- plete MLS within three years. $4970-6390; faculty SPECIALLIBRARIAN. M.L.S. or equivalent, to head status; excellent fringe benefits; >-day week; all industrial library devoted to medical. chemical, college vacations. Ruth L. MacDonald, Libn., Erie biologid literature. Previous special library ex- County Technical Institute, 1685 Elmwood Ave., perience desirable. Salary up to $485 depending Buffalo 7, N. Y. on qualifications. Write to Director of Research, Cutter Laboratories, 4th and Parker Streets. Berke- EXCELLENTOPPORTUNITY for varied experience ley, California. for young woman in business-tech library. Junior - .- Assistant Librarian (M.L.S.) to do reference, in- TECHNICALLIBRARIAN. Well known manufacturer dexing, and serials work. 35-hour week, 8:30- with new Research Center in Northwestern suburb 4:30; paid vacation and liberal benefits. Air-condi- of Chicago has opening for a woman with li- tioned library. Experience not required. Salary brarian experience combined with a scientific $4,600 up depending on qualifications. Apply: background desirable. Her services will require Miss Florine E. Hunt, Librarian, Public Serv~ce selection, procurement, cataloguing, indexing, ab- Electric and Gas Company, 80 Park Place. Newark stracting and distribution of technical literature, 1, New Jersey. reference work and literature search, planning and information retrieval program for research staff. INDUSTRIALLIBRARIAN for library in large St. Salary commensurate with training and experience. Louis, Missouri company with excellent benefits Company has exellent benefits including tuition program including company paid retirement plan. refund program, group insurance and retirement Library degree required ; cataloging experience program. In replying please give age, marital helpful. Please write fully in complete confidence status, education and comprehensive description about your education, library and business back- of work experience. Write Box B 37. ground; give personal details such as age, marital - - status. Enclose recent snapshot if available. Write Two PROFESSIONALopenings in large midwestern Box B 36. state university library: (1) Cataloger, $5,500; (2) Assistant Reference Librarian, 55,000. Fifth LIBRARIAN.Newly established library in Engineer- year degree in librarianship required. Faculty ing Department of private industry requires re- status, one month's vacation, TIAA after one or cent graduate with degree in Library Science. Duties three years' service (depending on rank), social will entail: ordering books and other publications, security, life and medical insurance plans. Collec- cataloging, reference searches, and related respon- tion of half-million volumes emphasizing science, sibilities. Interest in and familiarity with engineer- engineering and agriculture. Staff of 126 (29 ing terminology desirable. Fine employee benefit professionals). Excellent facilities. Apply to John program. Please write giving complete resume and H. Moriarty, Director. Purdue University Li- salary expected to Cutler-Hammer, Inc., 31 5 braries, Lafayette, Indiana. Please give resume of North 12th Street, Milwaukee 3, Wisconsin. education and experience. and send small pass- port-type photograph. LITERATURECHEMIST: Our Agricultural Research library needs a person with a B.S. in library science and a minimum of two years in the field of chemistry or a degree in chemistry to assist POSITIONS WANTED the Chemistry Group with nomenclature problems, to represent the Agricultural Division on the MAN, 37, M.A.L.S., Ph.D. Experience in adminis- Chemical Nomenclature Committee, and to con- tration and teaching. Science background. Seek- duct literature searches. For further details please ing more stimulating and responsible position than write to Mr. M. J. Duggan, Personnel Relations present one. Write Box B 3 5. Supervisor, Agricultural Division, American Cyana- mid Company, P. 0. Box 672, Princeton, New MATUREMAN, M.S.L.S., Ph.D. Several languages, Jersey. 10 yrs. experience in cataloging (also adminstr.) SPECIAL LIBRARIES seeks responsible cataloging position, College, University, Medical library, or as head of small library, in New York or Metropolitan area. Write TECHNICAL LIBRARIAN Box B 38. To assist in developing reference serv- MEDICALLIBRARY, cataloging position or head ice and bibliographic control tech- librarian. Mature man, M.S.L.S. and Ph.D., broad niques in library serving scientific and bnckground, several languages. New York or Metropolitan area. Write Box B 39. managerial personnel in atomic energy program. RESPONSIBLEadministrative and reference posi- tion, preferably in Fine Arts or history, sought by Extensive collection of books, periodi- woman in library in North or Northeast. B.A., cals and reports emphasizing physical history major, M.A., art history major, B.S. in L.S. science and engineering housed in 14 years' exp. in university, public and museum libraries. Extensive European travel. French and modern quarters. Company located in German. Publications in specialized periodicals. beautiful area of southern Ohio. Mem. ALA. SLA and others. Write Box B 34. Training and experience must be equivalent to degrees in science or en- gineering and librarianship. BUSINESS METHODS INDEX Good fringe benefits. Salary based on background and in same manner as The most complete index in the Business Field other scientific staff employees. AMERICAN CANADIAN BRITISH Submit resume and salary BOOKS - PAMPHLETS - ARTICLES requirements to: Employment Deportment "Why search through many indexes" GOODYEAR ATOMIC CORPORATION Sample Copy $1 .OO Sub. $1 2.00 Year P.O. Box 628 Portsmouth, Ohio BOX 453-OTTAWA, CANADA

TECHNICAL LIBRARIAN TAKE CHARGE IMMEDIATELY Career growth opportunity in Rochester, New York for technical librarian-abstractor. of largest silicone research and engineer- Complete, maintain and build library for ing library. Library degree required. research and engineering personnel in 75- Salary commensurate with background year young growth company. in chemistry or library experience. Man or woman with degree in library science and flair for scientific literature re- Benefits include group health-life in- view or technical degree and proven ability surance, stock purchase plan, paid relo- in library work. Knowledge of chemistry, cation expenses. metallurgy or ceramics helpful. Locale: city of enjoyable-living size, Major division of expanding international two hours drive from metropolitan De- manufacturer for process industries. Salary troit, one hour drive from finest Michi- and opportunity to match performance. Group incentive, top medical coverage, non- gan summer and winter resort areas. contributory pension plan. Apply: Miss Dorothy Kelderhouse, Send complete resume, giving salary re- Women's Employment Supervisor, Dow quirements to R. D. McVay, Manager, Tech- Corning Corporation, Midland, Michi- nical Employment: gan. THE PFAUDLER CO. A division of Pfaudler Permutit Inc. Dow Corning CORPORATION

Rochester 3, New York WOLAYD. MICHIPAH. TEMPLE 2-1371

ULY-AUGUST I960 LITERATURE CHEMIST Technical Librarian We are seeking a technical librarian Permanent opening for person with with college training in both organic degree in chemistry (organic back- chemistv antl library science, for lit- ground). Must be able to prepare erature surveys, indexing, antl retrieval translations from German, Russian, of information. .4 reading ability in French. Knowledge of Itdian and German is necessary. Swedish desirable, but not esse'ltial. The position is available in the Li- brary of a large, modern research cen- Under the guidmce of the Editor of ter, located in HUFF.-\LO, NEW the Merck Index selects material; col- YOKK. The Library contairls 14,ooo lects data on new drugs- and chemicals; t.olun~es, complete reference xvorks assists in writing new monographs; and chemical patent files. It is modern handles correspondence with users of and well appointed. the Index; studies the literature of -I'he position offers good salary, lib- chemical nomenclature, reports changes eral benefits program, and ideal livirlg and advances to the Editor; and makes conditions in a cosmopolitan city with comprehensive literature searches. Sal- many cultural and recreational ad- ary commensurate with qualifications vantages. You may send your resume in con- and experience. Send detailed resume to fitlrnce to: Personnel Manager M. W. Mead, Research & MERCK SHARP & DOHME Development Dept. RESEARCH LABORATORIES Notional Aniline Division Rahway, N. J. P. 0. Box 975, Buffalo 5, N. Y. Ahll,$~~~&CKISS

I LAWRENCE I RESEARCH LIBRARIAN I I I RADIATION LABORATORY I Technical library experience I has staff positions open for I I I desirable for person ~vithde- ; LITERATURE SCIENTISTS I I gree or degrees in library sci- 1 . . . involving mechanical retrieval, ac- I I quisition, and circulation of research ence and chemistry or the bio- I I data. Bachelor's Degree in scientific logical sciences to administer ( field plus training or experience in li- I brary science desirable. 1 research library facilities in I company lo- Liberal fringe benefits, including re- I tirement plan and one month vatation. I cated in Central New York U. S. CXTIZESSHIl' REQUIRED I State community. Please for- Contact Mr. Charles B. Boardman ward resume to: Personnel Oftice I I LAWRENCE RADIATION LABORATORY I Professional Employment Manager I (Livermore Site) I P. 0. BOX 808 B I The Norwich Pharmacal Company LIVERMORE, CALIFORNIA I I Norwich, New York I (One hour from downtown San Francisco) I

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