Employment and Earnings August 1960

EMPLOYMENT and EARNINGS including THE MONTHLY REPORT ON THE LABOR FORCE

Vol. 7 No. 2 August 1960

Data formerly published by the DIVISION OF MANPOWER AND EMPLOYMENT STATISTICS Bureau of the Census in The Monthly Report on the Labor Force (Series P-57) are shown Harold Goldstein, Chief in Section A.

CONTENTS Page

Employment and Unemployment Highlights—July I960 iii

NEW AREA SERIES... STATISTICAL TABLES The employment series for Erie and Section A—Labor Force, Employment, and Unemployment York, Pennsylvania, formerly limited to manufacturing, now cover all nonagricultural industry divisions, as shown Employment Status A- 1: Employment status of the noninstitutional population, 1929 to date 1 in table B-8. A- 2: Qnployment status of the noninstitutional population, by sex, 191*0, 19hh, and 19hl to date 2 Manufacturing labor turnover rates A- 3: Employment status of the noninstitutional population, by age and sex.... 3 A- 1*: Employment status of male veterans of World War II in the civilian for Chattanooga, Tennessee, are now in- noninstitutional population 3 A- £: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population, by cluded in table D-l*. marital status and sex •• .... h A- 6: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population, by color and sex ••••••••••••••••• h A- 7: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population, total and urban, by region. • ••••»•• 5

Class of Worker, Occupation A- 8: Employed persons by type of industry, class of worker, and sex 5 A- 9: Employed persons with a job but not at work, by reason for not working and pay status 5 A-10: Occupation group of employed persons, by sex 6 A-ll: Major occupation group of employed persons, by color and sex 6

Unemployment A-12: Unemployed persons, by duration of unemployment.•.••••• •• •« 7 A-13: Unemployed persons, by major occupation group and industry group 7 A-ll*: Persons unemployed 15 weeks and over, by selected characteristics. 8

Hours of Work A-15>: Persons at work, by hours worked, type of industry, and class of worker. 9 A-16: Persons employed in nonagricultural industries, by full-time or part-time status and reason for part time 9 A-17: Wage and salary workers, by full-time or part-time status and major Indus try group • 9 A-18: Persons at work, by full-time or part-time status and major occupation group • • • • 10 A-19* Persons at work in nonagricultural industries, by full-time or part-time status and selected characteristics 10 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Print- ing Office, Washington 25, D.C. Subscription price: $3.50 a year; $1.50 additional for foreign mail- ing. Price U5 cents a copy. Continued on following page.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis EMPLOYMENT and EARNINGS

Including THE MONTHLY REPORT ON THE LABOR FORCE

The national industry employment, hours, and earnings data shown CONTENTS-Continued in Sections B and C have been adjusted to first quarter 1957 Page benchmark levels. Section B—Payroll Employment, by Industry National Data

B-l« Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry division, 1919 to date • 11 B-2: Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry 12 B~3: Federal military personnel • • 16 B-Ut Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry division and selected groups, seasonally adjusted. 17 B-5: Employees in private and Government shipyards, by region 17 B-6J Women employees in manufacturing, by industry 1/ • • 18 State and Area Data B-7» Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry division and State 20 B-8: Employees in nonagricultural establishments for selected areas, by industry division 23 Section C—Industry Hours and Earnings National Data C-li Gross hours and earnings of production workers in manufacturing, 1919 to date 29 C-2: Gross hours and earnings of production workers in manufacturing, by major industry group • 30 C-3* Average weekly overtime hours and average hourly earnings excluding overtime of production workers in manufacturing, by major industry group...., 30 C-U: Indexes of aggregate weekly man-hours and payrolls in industrial and construction activities.• • 31 C-5: Average weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, of production workers in selected industries 31 C-6: Gross hours and earnings of production workers, by industry 32 C-7* Gross and spendable earnings in industrial and construction activities, in current and 19U7-U9 dollars 38 State and Area Data C-8: Gross hours and earnings of production workers in manufacturing, by State and selected areas • 39 Section D—Labor Turnover National Data

D-l: Labor turnover rates in manufacturing, 1951 to date k3 D-2: Labor turnover rates, by industry kh D-3: Labor turnover rates in manufacturing, by sex and major industry group l/. U6 State and Area Data

D-U* Labor turnover rates in manufacturing for selected States and areas I4.7

Explanatory Notes 1Jg

BLS Regional Offices lws

State Cooperating Agencies Inside back cover

1/ Quarterly data included in the February, May, August, and November issues.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT HIGHLIGHTS July I960

THE MONTHLY REPORT ON THE LABOR FORCE: JULY I960

Changes in employment and unemployment were on the whole seasonal between June and July. However, employment in construction picked up more than seasonally and there were continued job cutbacks in the steel industry.

Unemployment dropped by 400, 000 over the month to 4. 0 million in July. The reduction was about usual for this period and the seasonally adjusted rate of unemployment of 5. 4 percent was not significantly different from the 5. 5- percent rate of the month before. Unemployment among teenagers dropped sharply as many of the youngsters who sought work in June found jobs by July. Unemployment among adults, however, rose moderately for the second month with job cuts in durable goods industries, mainly autos and steel. State insured unemployment, which does not include new entrants into the job market, rose by nearly 150, 000 from mid-June to 1. 7 million in mid-July. This increase was somewhat more than seasonal.

The number of persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer was unchanged over the month at 800, 000 and was about the same as a year ago.

Total employment, at 68. 7 million, continued at a record high, but was not substantially changed from June. Total nonagricultural employment, including the self-employed, domestics, and unpaid family workers, was 61. 8 million in July, also approximately the same as a month earlier. At the same time, the number of workers on nonfarm payrolls dropped by 365, 000 over the month to 53. 2 million largely as a result of vacation-taking by workers who did not receive pay for the period and were therefore not included in the payroll count. (The figure on total nonagricultural employment based on the household survey includes workers on vacation from a job whether or not they are paid.)

Nonfarm Payroll Employment

The July decline in nonfarm payroll employment was about usual for this time of year, although there were contrasting developments in several industries. Employment in the construction industry rose by 120, 000 over the month, a comparatively large June to July increase. On the other hand, durable goods industries reported a drop of 170, 000 jobs.

There was a cutback of 40, 000 workers in the primary metals industry— the fifth successive monthly decline. The contraction in steel operations also brought job reductions in some other industries. Mining employment dropped more than seasonally as some coal mines which observed their customary vacation closedown around the end of June did not reopen in mid-July for lack of demand from steel mills. In addition, transportation employment (both in railroads and in trucking) dropped off by 25, 000*partly as a result of these developments.

Automobile employment also fell in July, in part because manufacturers started to trim auto inventories in anticipation of an early model changeover. In addition, operations at some plants were hindered by material shortages resulting from a strike at a supplier plant.

Declines in a number of manufacturing industries reflected vacation^ taking without pay by some workers. However, chiefly because of the developments in steel and autos, the 160, 000 reduction in all factory jobs between June and July to 16. 3 million was greater than usual.

iii

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis TRENDS IN EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT Actual and Seasonally Adjusted

MILLIONS January 1949 to Date MILLIONS OF PERSONS OF PERSONS 70 1 l 1 7 70 Total Civilian Employme:nt 68 r 68

66 A k 66 SEASO•NALLY 64 fa 64 ADJUSTED \ 3 62 k ilk 62 60 nV 1 60 58 1 ' ^ACl fUAL 58

56 1 Data adjusted to new definitions adopted in January 1957 1 56 0

7 U nemployment TOTAL_ 6 ACTUAL

SEASONALLY ADJUSTED n

_L I Data adjusted to new definitions adopted in January 1957 I 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 Insured under following programs: State unemployment insurance, unemployment compensation for Federal employees, veterans, ex-servicemen, railroad workers (RftB). and temporary programs^ (Through June 1959)

Beginning in January 1960 data include Alaska and Hawaii

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Other employment changes were mainly connected with the season. The largest change, a drop of 270,000 government employees, was due mainly to the reduction in school system employment during the summer recess.

Over the year, employment was up in State and local governments (300,000), wholesale and retail trade (260,000), service (120,000), and finance (50,000). Manufacturing employment, however, was down by 160,000 (mainly in steel and aircraft); mining, and transportation and public utilities were down by 50,000 and 20,000 respectively.

Factory Hours and Earnings

The factory workweek dipped by 0, 2 hours to 39. 8 hours in July. The decline was about normal for this period, and the seasonally adjusted level consequently showed no change. (See table C-5.) The transportation equipment industry reported one of the larger declines (0.6 hours), the result of a drop in auto production. An increase of 0. 3 hours in the primary metals industry did not reflect a longer workweek, since many workers previously on short time were on vacations and were paid for 40 hours.

As a result of the decline in the factory workweek, earnings of production workers edged off by 46 cents over the month to $91. 14 per week. Hourly earnings remained unchanged at $2. 29.

Weekly earnings were $1.49 higher than a year ago, reflecting a 6-cent rise in hourly earnings over the year. The workweek, however, was 0. 4 hours less.

Total Labor Force

The total labor force, including the Armed Forces as well as all civilian workers, dipped by 300,000 over the month to 75.2 million in July. All of the reduction occurred among adult women, a group which usually declines slightly at this time of year when teachers leave the labor force for the summer. (Only those with contracts to return to work in the fall are counted as employed. ) In most years, there are also reductions among women in the farm work force in July, but farm operations have been delayed this year because of bad weather in early spring.

The number of teenagers in the labor force (8-1/4 million) was virtually unchanged over the month, in contrast to a seasonally expected increase of about 400,000. This year, partly because of the lateness of the June survey week, much of the labor force increase expected among school-age youngsters in July had already been reflected in the June figures.

For the last 4 months, the labor force has shown an average growth of about 1 million from the corresponding 1959 levels. (This comparison allows for the inclusion of Alaska and Hawaii in this year1 s figures. ) During I960, this growth has been rather uneven, and in the 1st quarter the gain from 1959 averaged only about 300,000.

Total and part-time employment

Total employment was virtually unchanged over the month at 68. 7 million, after reaching an all-time record level in June. Both farm and nonfarm employment were about stable at 6.9 million and 61.8 million respectively. About 600,000 additional teenagers were employed in nonfarm jobs in July. At the same time, there was a reduction of an almost equal number of adult workers--mostly school employees but also some men from hard goods manufacturing industries.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis EMPLOYEES IN NONAGRICULTURAL ESTABLISHMENTS Seasonally Adjusted

MILLIONS MILLIONS 13 13

12 Trade 12 n 11

10 10

9 9

8 8

7 7 Nondurable Goods Manufacturing 6 State and Local Government 6 I X 5 5 Mining, Transportation, 4 and Public Utilities 4 Construction 3 3

2 2 O 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 I960 1961

UNEMPLOYED MEN AND WOMEN 20 YEARS AND OVER Seasonally Adjusted: April 1948 to Date THOUSANDS * 4,500

Data Adjusted to New Definitions Adopted in January 1957

1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962

Beginning in January 1960. data include Alaska and Hawaii.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Nonfarm employment continued at an all-time record in July, 800, 000 above a year earlier. All of the growth over the year was recorded among women, Farm employment was as high as a year ago, but there had been a further drop of about 200, 000 in the number of farm self-employed.

As usual, the number of nonfarm employees on vacation reached a peak in July, rising by more than 3 million over the month to about 5-1/2 million. The great majority of these workers—over 80 percent—were paid by their employers for all or part of the time off. The proportion on paid vacations was about the same as in July 1959. Altogether, there were about 1 million employees on unpaid vacations in July, up sharply from June, but only slightly higher than in July 1959.

The number of regular full-time workers on part time because of slack work and other economic factors (including the start of new jobs during the survey week) was 1.1 million in July as compared with 1. 4 million in June and 900, 000 a year ago. Since April, this total on reduced workweeks because of economic reasons has| averaged higher than in 1959; most of the increase has been among factory workers. In the spring and early summer of 1959, when durable goods production was being accelerated in anticipation of the steel strike, there was less part time and more overtime.

Characteristics of the Unemployed

Duration of Unemployment. The number unemployed less than 5 weeks (representing new spells of unemployment) fell sharply in July, dropping by 800, 000 from its unusually high June level to 1. 9 million. After allowance for seasonal changes, the number of short-term unemployed was about the same in July as in May and in most other months this year.

On the other hand, the number unemployed 5 to 10 weeks rose by 350, 000 in July. This increase was greater than usual, reflecting the especially large influx of new jobseekers in June and ttie inability of some to find jobs within a month. Long-term unemployment (15 weeks\and over) remained unchanged over the month at 800, 000, and was about the same as a year ago.

Age, Sex, and Marital Status. Unemployment among teenagers fell sharply by 550, 000 to 1. 0 million, following the abnormally large increase in June. These young persons accounted for onerthird of the unemployed in June but only one- Eourth in July. Teenagers entering the labor force this summer appear to be finding jobs at about the same rate as a year ago. About 13 percent of those in the labor market were unemployed in July I960, the same proportion as in July 1959.

On a seasonally adjusted basis, the number of unemployed teenagers in July was slightly below the number in May before their unusually large influx into the labor market began. On the other hand, the number of unemployed men and women 20 and over has risen moderately over the last 2 months whereas little change is normally expected for this time of year.(See chart on page vi.) As in June, the unemployment rate among married men was slightly higher than a year earlier.

vii

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis UNEMPLOYMENT RATES JANUARY-JULY 1959 AND 1960 Percent of Labor Force Percent of Labor Force

9 Wage and Salary Workers • Durable Goods Manufacturing Industries" in Nonfarm Industries

,1959

.1959

\ 1960

•^ 1960

PART-TIME EMPLOYMENT FOR ECONOMIC REASONS JANUARY-JULY 1959 AND 1960 Percent of Those at Work Percent of Those at Work -Wage and Salary Workers - Durable Goods Manufacturing Industries in Nonfarm Industries

,1959

1960

Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July

Note: Nationwide steel strike began in the middle of the July 1959 survey week.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Unemployment among Married Men

Number Rate (Thousands) (Percent of married men Month in labor force) 1960 1959 I960 1959 January 1,540 1,899 4.3 5.3 February 1,440 1,936 4.0 5.4 March 1,612 1,665 4.5 4.7 April 1,271 1,213 3.5 3.4 May 1, 108 1,058 3. 1 3.0 June 1, 104 958 3.1 2.7 July 1, 182 1,055 3.3 2.9

NOTE: Nationwide steel strike began on July 15, 1959.

Industry Attachment of Last Job. Most of the 400,000 drop in unemployment occurred among young job-seekers with no previous work experience. These new workers number 650, 00O among the unemployed in July, as compared with 1 million a month ago. Unemployment also declined among young workers whose previous job experience was in trade or service. At the same time, the number of unemployed factory workers edged up over the month, largely as a result of cutbacks in steel and autos.

Unemployed new workers totaled about the same as a year earlier. The unemployment rate was slightly higher than a year earlier among experienced workers, but was substantially higher for hard-goods manufacturing workers. Within that sector, the unemployment rate in the primary metals industry was twice as high as a year ago, after having doubled over the last 2 months.

561163 O-60-2

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Table At: Employment status of the ranmstititioial popalation 1929 to date

(Thousands of persons 14 years of age and over) Total labor force i: Civilian labor force eluding Armed Forces Total Employed 1 Unemployedl noninsti- Percent Percent of Not in Nonagri- Year and month tutional of labor force labor noninsti Agri- cultural popula- Not Season- force 1 tutional culture indus- tion seasonally popule tries ally adjustei tion ad juste-

1929 (2) 49,440 49,180 47,630 10,450 37,180 1,550 3.2 1930 (2) 50,080 49,820 45,480 10,31*0 35,140 4,340 8.7 (2) 50,680 50,420 42,toO 10,290 32,110 8,020 1931 15.9 (2) 51,250 51,000 38,940 10,170 28,770 12,060 23.6 1932 (2) 51,840 51,590 38,760 10,090 28,670 12,830 1933 24.9 1934 (2) 52,490 52,230 40,890 9,900 30,990 11,340 21.7 (2) 53,140 52,870 42,260 10,110 32,150 10,610 20.1 (2) 1935 (2) 53,7^ 53,440 44,410 10,000 34,410 9,030 16.9 1936 (2) 54,320 54,000 1*6,300 9,820 36,480 7,700 14.3 1937 (2) 54,950 54,610 44,220 9,690 34,530 10,390 19.0 1938 (2) 55,600 55,230 45,750 9,610 36,l4o 9,480 17.2 (2) 1939 100,380 56,180 55,61*0 47,520 9,5^ 37,980 8,120 14.6 44,200 19to... 101,520 57,530 55,910 50,350 9,100 41,250 5,560 9-9 43,990 19^1 102,610 60,380 56,4io 53,750 9,250 44,500 2,660 4.7 42,230 1942 103,660 64,560 55,540 54,470 9,080 45,390 1,070 1.9 39,ioo 19*6 104,630 66,oho 54,630 53,9^0 8,950 45,010 670 1.2 38,590 1944 105,520 65,290 53,860 52,820 8,580 44,240 1,040 1.9 40,230 19^5. 106,520 60,970 57,520 55,250 8,320 46,930 2,270 3.9 45,550 107,608 61,758 60,168 57,812 8,256 49,557 2,356 3.9 45,850 1946 108,632 62,898 61,442 59,117 51,156 3.8 1947 7,960 2,325 45,733 1948. 109,773 63,721 62,105 58,423 8,017 5O,4o6 3,682 5-9 46,051 1949 110,929 64,749 63,099 59,748 7,497 52,251 3,351 5.3 46,181 112,075 65,983 62,884 1950 60,784 7,048 53,736 2,099 3.3 1*6,092 113,270 66,^60 62,966 61,035 6,792 54,243 1,932 3.1 46,710 1951 115,09^ 67,362 63,815 61,945 1,870 47,732 1952 6,555 55,390 2.9 1953 5 116,219 67,818 64,468 60,890 6,495 54,395 3,578 5.6 48,4oi 1954 117,388 66,896 65,848 62,944 6,718 56,225 2,904 4.4 48,492 1955 118,734 70,387 67,530 64,708 6,572 58,135 2,822 4.2 48,348 1956 120,445 70,744 67,9^ 65,011 6,222 58,789 2,936 4.3 49,699 1957 121,950 71,284 68,647 63,966 5,844 58,122 4,681 6.8 50,666 1958 123,366 58.3 69,39k 65,581 5,836 59,745 3,813 51,420 195? , 123,1*22 73,875 $9.9 71,338 67,594 6,825 60,769 3,7hk 5.1 49,547 123,54? 73,204 59.3 70,667 67,241 6,357 60,884 3,426 h. 8 5.4 50,345 19$9* July 123,659 72,109 5Q.3 6?,577 66,347 6,2*2 60,105 3,230 4.6 5.6 5i,55o 123,785 72,629 70,103 August..., 58.7 66,831 6,124 60,707 3,272 4.7 6.0 51,155 123,°08 71,839 58.0 69,310 65,640 5,601 60,040 3,670 $.3 5.9 52,068 September, 124,034 71,808 57.9 69,276 October.., 65,699 4,811 60,888 3,577 5.2 $$ 52,225 November., 12k,606 70,689 56.7 68,168 64,020 December., 4,611 59,409 6.1 5.2 53,917 124,716 70,970 56.9 68,440 64,520 4,619 59,901 3,931 5.7 4.8 53,746 I960:* January.., 124,839 70,993 $6.9 68,473 64,267 February., 4,565 59,702 4,206 6.1 5.4 53,845 124,917 72,331 Si.9 69,819 66,159 $,393 60,765 3,660 5.2 52,587 March 125,033 5.0 73,171 58.5 70,667 67,208 $*$,31 61,371 3,459 4.9 k.9 51,862 April 125,162 75,1*99 60.3 73,002 6,856 61,722 May 68,579 4,423 6.1 $.$ 49,663 June 125,288 75,215 60.0 72,706 68,689 6,885 July....., 61,805 4,017 5.4 50,074

*Data for 1947-56 adjusted to reflect changes in the definition of employment and unemployment adopted in January 1957. Two jroups averaging about one-quarter million workers which were formerly classified as employed (with a job but not at work)—those on emporary layoff and those waiting to start new wage and salary jobs within 30 days—were assigned to different classifications, ostly to the unemployed. Data by sex, shown in table A-2, were adjusted for the years 1948-56. 2Not available. 3Beginning 1953, labor force and employment figures are not strictly comparable with previous years as a result of the introduc- ion of material from the 1950 Census into the estimating procedure. Population levels were raised by about 600,000; labor force, otal employment, and agricultural employment by about 350,000, primarily affecting the figures for total and males. Other catego- ies were relatively unaffected. 4Data for 1960 include•Alaska and Hawaii and are therefore not strictly comparable with previous years. This inclusion has resulted in an increase of about half a million in the noninstitutional population 14 years of age and over, and about 300,000 in the .abor force, four-fifths of this in nonagricultural employment. The levels of other labor force categories were not appreciably changed.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Historical Employment Status Table A-2: Employment status of the noninstitutional population, by sex

(Thousands of persons 14 years of age and over) Total labor force in- Civilian labor force 1 1 Total cluding Armed Forces Employed Unemployed noninsti- Percent Percent of Not in Sex, year, and month tutional of Nonagri- labor force labor popula- noninsti- Agri- cultural Not Number Season- force tion tutional culture indus- season- popula- tries ally ally tion adjusted adjusted MALE

9 50,080 42,020 83-9 41,480 35,550 8,450 27,100 5,930 14.3 8,060 1944 51,980 46,670 35,460 35,110 7,020 28,090 350 1.0 5,3io 19^7 53,085 44,844 43,272 41,677 6,953 34,725 1,595 3.7 8,242 19W 53,513 45,300 81^7 43,858 42,268 6,623 35,645 1,590 3.6 8,213 19^9 54,028 45,674 84.5 44,075 41,473 6,629 34,844 2,602 5.9 8,354 1950 54,526 46,069 84.5 44,442 42,162 6,271 35,891 2,280 5.1 8,457 1951 5^,996 te,6jk 84.9 43,612 42,362 5,791 36,571 1,250 2.9 8,322 1952 55,503 47,001 84.7 42,237 5,623 36,614 1,217 2.8 8,562 19532 5^,53^ 47,692 84.4 44,194 42,966 5,496 37,470 1,228 2.8 8,840 1954 57,016 47,847 83.9 44,537 42,165 5,429 36,736 2,372 5.3 9,169 1955 57,484 48,054 83.6 45,o4l 43,152 5,479 37,673 1,889 4.2 9,430 1956 58,044 48,579 83.7 45,756 43,999 5,268 38,731 1,757 3.8 9,^5 1957 58,813 48,649 82.7 45,882 43,990 5,037 38,952 1,893 4.1 10,164 1958 59,^78 48,802 82.1 46,197 43,042 4,802 38,24o 3,155 6.8 10,677 1959 60,100 U9,O8l 81.7 46,562 U8 k,lh9 3953UO 2,473 5.3 11,019

1959: 60,128 50,684 81*.3 48,179 45,863 5,369 hO,k93 2,315 U.8 U.9 9,W*U August.••. 60,186 50,230 83.5 47,725 45,587 5,050 1*0,537 2,138 4.5 5.3 9,956 September. 60,222 1*9,110 81.5 Wi, 588 h,82h 39,761; 2,022 k.3 ^.6 11,113 U9,Ol;5 81.1; 46,610" U,782 39,762 5.8 n,233 October... 60,278 46,551 iiU,au 2,007 k.3' November. • 60,333 1*8,729 80.8 U,526 39,337 2,370 5.1 6.0 11,601; 1*8,778 80.8 46,232 U3,863 4,128 39,71*1* 5.2 11,612 December.. 60,389 46,278 43,873 2,1*05 5.2 I960: January..« 60,661; U8,U12 79.8 1*5,923 U3,1O3 3,995 39,108 2,821 6.1 5.1 12,251 February., 60,710 U8,U87 79.9 kZ-999 U3,328 14,009 39,319 2,672 5.8 U.6 12,223 March 60,763 1*8,1*1*5 79.7 45,958 l»3,0li8 U,oio 39,038 2,910 6.3 5.3 12,319 April 60,790 l;9,O6O 80.7 l;6,58O Wi,l);9 U,575 39,574 2,1*31 5.2 U.8 11,730 May 60,8U2 1*9,337 81.1 1;6,865 liU,68l h,7U9 39,932 2,181; U.7 4.8 11,506 June 60,900 5O,9U9 83.7 U8U8U U5,788 5,325 40,462 2,696 5.6 5.2 9,951

July 60,956 50,998 83.7 U6,O17 $,399 U0,6l7 2,501; 5.2 5.3 9,958

FEMALE 19^0 50,300 I4,l6o 28.2 14,160 11,970 1,090 10,880 2,190 15.5 36,l4o 1944 52,650 19,370 36.8 19,170 18,850 1,930 16,920 320 1.7 33,280 1947 54,523 16,915 31.0 16,896 15,349 1,314 15,036 547 3.2 37,608 1948 55,118 17,599 31.9 17,583 16,848 1,338 15,510 735 4.1 37,520 19^9 55,745 I8,o48 32.4 18,030 16,947 1,386 15,561 1,083 6.0 37,697 1950 56,4o4 18,680 33.1 18,657 17,584 1,226 16,358 1,073 5.8 37,724 57,078 19,309 33.8 19,272 18,421 1,257 17,164 851 4.4 37,770 1911 57,766 19,556 33.9 19,513 38,208 1952 18,798 1,170 17,628 715 3.7 2 58,561 19,668 33.6 19,621 10,979 1,061 17,918 642 3.3 38,893 1953 59,203 19,971 33.7 19,931 1,067 39,232 1954 18,724 17,657 1,207 6.1 59,90^ 20,842 34.8 20,80^ 19,790 1,239 18,551 4.9 39,062 1955 60,690 21,808 35.9 21,774 20,707 1,306 1,016 38,803 1956 19,4oi 4.9 61,632 22,097 35.9 22,064 21,021 1,184 19,837 1,067 4.7 39,535 1957 62,472 22,482 36.0 22,451 20,924 1,042 19,082 1,043 6.8 39,990 1958 63,265 22,865 36.1 22,832 21,492 1,087 20,405 1,526 5.9 40,401 1959 . 1,340 1959: July 63,291; 23,191 36.6 23,159 21,731 1,455 20,276 1,1*29 6.2 5. i;0,102 36.3 20,347 5.6 40,389 August.... 63,363 22,97U 22,9U2 21,65U 1,307 1,288 5.7 September, 63,437 22,999 36.3 22,967 21,759 1,1*18 2O,3U 1,209 5.3 1*0,1*37 October.., 63,506 23,581; 37.1 23,552 22,287 1,31*3 20,9h$ 1,265 5.U 5.6 39,922 U0,U6U November. t 63,57U 23,110 36.U 23,078 21,777 1,071* 20,703 1,301 5.6 6.U 63,614; 23,030 36.2 22,998 21,826 683 21,01*1; 1,172 5.1 5.8 UO, 631; December., 6.1 I960:3 January.., 63,91*2 22,277 31;. 8 22,245 20,917 615 20,301 1,328 6.0 55 la, 665 February. < 6U,OO5 22,1;82 35.1 22,450 21,192 610 20,582 1,258 5.6 5.3 la, 523 March...., 64,071* 22,5U8 35.2 22,516 21,219 20,661; 1,296 5.8 la, 527 April...., 6U,128 23,271 36.3 23,239 22,010 819 21,191 1,229 i\ 5.U UO,857 May , 64,191 23,835 37.1 23,803 22,527 1,088 21,1*39 1,276 5.1* 5.2 UO,356 June , 61;, 262 21;, 550 38.2 2U,518 22,791 1,531 21,260 1,727 7.0 5.9 39,712 July , 6U,333 21;, 217 37.6 24,185 22,672 1,U85 21,187 1,513 6.3 5.6 U0,ll6

]See footnote 1, table A-l. 2See footnote 3, table A-l. 3See footnote 4, table A-l.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Table A-3: Euplmtit status if the mnstititiual pipilatiu, by aft aid sex July i960 (Thousands of persons 14 years of age and over) Total labor force Civilian labor force Not in labor force Employed Unemployed including Armed Forces Percent of Percent of Nonagri- Percent Unable Age and sex noninsti- Agri- Keeping In noninsti- cultural of to tutional cul- house school tutional indus- labor work population ture population tries force

Total. 75,215 60.0 72,706 6,88$ 61,805 5.5 50,07^ 3^,798 1,773 12,257

Male. 50,998 83>7 1*8,521 83*0 5,399 1*0,617 2,501* 5.2 9,958 73 61*8 1,091 8,11*7

14 to 17 years..- - 2,921 51.5 2,871* 51.1 81*2 1,669 362 12.6 2,753 307 19 2,1*25 14 and 15 years. 1,01* 37.3 1,01*1* 37.3 388 561* 92 8.8 1,756 11*8 9 1,596 16 and 17 years. 1,877 65.3 1,830 6l*.7 1*51* 1,105 270 ll*.8 159 10 829 18 to 24 years.... 7,1*99 92.0 6,193 90.5 69I* 1*,862 636 10.3 21*0 21* 380 18 and 19 years. 2,l8»* 87.3 1,836 85.2 273 1,285 278 15.1 319 95 7 216 1*21 358 11*5 161* 20 to 24 years.. 5,315 l*,357 93.0 3,577 8.2 329 17 25 to 34 years... 10,920 97.6 10,238 97.5 690 9i7 1*77 1*.7 263 82 55 119 25 to 29 years. 5,237 97*3 1*,821 97.0 359 251* 5.3 11*8 60 25 63 l*,208 115 22 56 30 to 34 years. 5,683 98.0 5,1*17 97.9 331 l*,863 223 l*.l 25U 8 10 11*8 35 to 44 years... 11,351* 97.8 10,978 97.7 865 9,756 358 3.3 35 to 39 years. 5,900 98.O 5,663 97.9 390 177 3.1 122 2 6 1*1 73 5,096 181 132 6 1* 40 to 44 years. 5,1*5** 97.6 5,315 97.6 1*75 l*,66O 3.1* 1*7 75 45 to 54 years 9,622 95.6 9,561 95.6 901 8,336 321* 3.1* 1*1*5 7 9 11*3 286 45 to 49 years..... 5A31 96.1 5,085 96.1 1*1*9 1*,1*72 161* 3.2 206 63 13»* 50 to 54 years... • M91 9^.9 M6 9*.9 1*52 3,861* 160 3.6 239 3 1* 80 152 55 to 64 years 6,399 86.7 ,3^ 86.7 819 5,311 261* l*.l 979 11 276 693 55 to 59 years.... 3,676 92.1 3,672 92.1 3,098 128 3.5 317 8 121 188 5.0 60 to 64 years.... 2,723 80.1* 2,722 80.1* 2,213 662 3 155 505 3.6 65 years and over... 2,282 33.1 2,282 1,612 1*,615 33 1*88 l*,O96 1*6.7 252 6** 5.1 65 to 69 years.... 1,251 1,251 as 935 1,1*30 125 1,299 2k.k 336 18 1.8 70 years and over. 1,031 1,031 677 3,185 363 2,797 2»*.l* Female. 2U,217 37.6 2t*,l85 1,1*85 21,187 1,513 6.3 1*0,116 3»*, 725 598 682 i*,in 37.6 14 to 17 years.... 1,681 30.6 1,681 30.6 21*7 1,21*0 193 11.5 3,808 518 291* 12 2,981* 14 and 15 years. 53** 19.8 531* 19.8 138 357 39 7.3 2,161* ll*l* 130 3 1,887 16 and 17 years. 1,1*7 1*1.1 1,11*7 1*1.1 109 883 151* 13.5 1,61*1* 371* 161* 9 1,097 18 to 24 years.... 1*,1O7 51.0 l*,091 50.9 165 3,1*97 1*29 10.5 3,91*7 3,321 238 1 376 18 and 19 years. 1,1*62 59.6 1,1*56 59.5 73 1,196 187 12.8 992 587 131 267 20 to 24 years.. 2,61*5 1*7.2 2,635 1*7.1 2,301 21*2 9.2 2,955 107 109

25 to 34 years... 36.6 1*,196 36.6 210 3,701 285 6,8 7,278 7,109 31* 27 107 25 to 29 years. 1,979 36.1 1,973 36.O 86 1,735 152 7.7 3,500 3,1*02 22 ll* 61 30 to 34 years. 2,226 37.1 2,223 37.0 121* 1,966 133 6.0 3,778 3,707 12 13 k6 35 to 44 years... 5,196 1*2.5 5,191 1*2.5 293 l*,61*2 257 5.0 7,021 6,881 19 31 90 35 to 39 years. 2,519 39.8 2,516 39.7 139 2,255 122 1*.8 3,816 3,727 ll* 12 63 40 to 44 years. 2,677 1*5.5 2,675 1*5.5 151* 2,387 135 5.1 3,205 3A51* 5 19 27

45 to 54 years 5,251 1*9.5 5,21*9 1*9.5 29I* l*,726 228 l*.3 5,362 5,199 11 38 113 45 to 49 years.... 2,838 50.1* 2,837 50.3 161 2,550 126 2,798 2,720 6 18 l*.2 2,561* 50 to 54 years... . 2,1*13 1*8.5 2,1*12 1*8.5 133 2,176 102 2,1*79 5 20 § 2,6l8 96 3 5,135 l* 6i* 3 75 55 to 64 years 2,906 36.1 2,906 36.1 191 *? l9 93 55 to 59 years 1*0.6 1*0.6 105 1,572 59 2,51* 2,1*72 3 30 1,737 1,737 3.1* 39 60 to 64 years.... 3L.1 31.1 86 1,01*6 3.2 2,591 2,1*92 1*5 51* 1,169 1,169 65 years and over... 10.3 10.3 81* 763 2 2.8 7,565 6,732 1*86 31*8 872 16.9 872 16.9 2,563 2,1*30 65 to 69 years.... 520 51 l*5l* 2.7 59 71* 70 years and over. 6.6 520 6.6 33 309 ll* 2.7 5,002 l*,302 1*27 352 352 10 271* NOTE: Total noninstitutional population may be obtained by summing total labor force and not in labor force; civilian nonlnstitu- tional population by summing civilian labor force and not in labor force. Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning 1960. (See footnote 4, table A-l.)

Table A-4: Eipliymt status if mall veterais if World War II ii the civiliai iniistititiiial pipilatin (In thousands) Employment status July June July i960 i960 1959

Total , ll*,i*59 1**,1*63 ll*,i*62

Civilian labor force 1M77 ll*.,092 Employed 13,573 13,63* 13,669 Agriculture 621 587 595 Nonagricultural industrie 12,952 13,037 13,071* Unemployed. , 1*85 **53 1*23

Not in labor force.., 1*01 38»* 370

NOTE: Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning 1960. (See footnote 4, table A-l. )

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Marital Status and Color

Table A-5: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population, by marital status and sex

(Percent distribution of persons 14 years of age and over) July i960 June I960 July 1959

Sex and employment status Married, Married, Widowed Married, Married, Widowed Married, Married, Widowed spouse spouse or Single spouse spouse or Single spouse spouse or Single divorced present absent. divorced present absent divorced

MALE

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

89.1 83.9 54.6 71.3 89.4 85.7 5^.7 70.5 90.0 86.3 52.2 71.1 10.9 16.1 45.4 28.7 10.6 45.3 29.5 13.7 47.8 28.9 14.3 10.0 100.0 J.Q0.0 p.00.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 96.7 92.5 93.4 88.7 96,9 92.8 92.7 86.1 97.1 92.1 93.4 88.9 9.2 13.0 11.2 17.9 8.8 15.0 18.1 22.0 13.4 17.4 Nonagricultural industries 87.5 79.5 82.2 70.8 88.1 77.8 68.0 70.1 80.0 71.5 11.1 3.3 7.5 6.6 11.3 3.1 7.2 13.9 AS 7-9 6.6 7.3 2.9 FEMALE

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Labor force 31.6 58.1 36.8 54.7 32.1 37.6 55.2 30.7 56.0 37.4 52.7 68.4 41.9 63.2 45.3 67.9 2.1 62.4 44.8 69.3 44.0 62.6 47.3 Labor force 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

94.7 91.9 94.9 91.6 95.4 91.2 95.3 87.2 94.7 92.7 94.6 91.9 7.5 4.1 2.8 5.8 7.9 3.3 3.1 5.4 7.8 3.2 2.8 5.7 Nonagricultural industries 87.2 87.8 92.1 85.8 87.5 87.9 92.2 81.8 86.9 89.5 91.8 86.2 8.8 12.8 5.3 8.1 5.1 8.4 4.6 4.7 5.3 7.3 5.4 8.1 NOTE: Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning 1960. (See footnote 4, table A-l.)

Table A-6: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population, by color and sex

(Thousands of persons 14 years of age and over) July i960 June i960 July 1959 Color and employment status Male Female Total Male Female

WHITE

Total 110,106 57,576 110,008 108,688 56,781 Labor force 64,523 43,617 20,906 64,692 43,569 21,123 63,5io 43,447 20,063 Percent of population 58.6 83.O 36.3 58.8 83.0 36.7 58.4 83.7 35.3 Employed « 61,376 41,657 19,719 61,152 41,397 19,756 60,629 41,701 18,928 Agriculture 5,746 4,644 1,101 5,573 4,548 1,026 5,839 4,710 1,129 Nonagricultural industries 55,630 37,013 18,617 55,579 36,849 18,730 5^,790 36,992 17,798 Unemployed 3,148 1,960 1,1881 3,5to 2,173 1,367 2,880 1,745 1,135 5.7 Percent of labor force 4.9 4.5 5.7 5.5 5.0 6.5 4.5 4.0 45,583 8,913 36,670 1*5,316 8,923 45,178 8,460 36,718 Not in labor force 36,393 NONWHITE

Total .- 12,674 5,949 6,725 12,657 5,943 6,715 5,716 6,480 Labor force. . .^ 8,183 4,904 3,279 8,310 ,91^ 3,396 4,732 3,096 Percent of population 64.6 82.4 48.8 65.7 82.7 50.6 82.8 47.8 Employed 7,3* ^,360 2,954 7,427 ,39 3,036 4,162 2,803 Agriculture 1,139 755 384 1,283 778 505 660 326 Nonagricultural industries 6,175 3,605 2,570 6,144 3,613 2,530 3,501 2,477 Unemployed 869 544 325 883 523 360 570 293 Percent of labor force 10.6 11.1 9.9 10.6 10.6 10.6 12.0 9.5 Not in labor force 4,491 1,045 4,348 1,028 3,319 4,369 985 3,384 NOTE: Data include Alaska and Hawaii beglnnini,g I960. (See footnote 4, table A-l. )

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Region; Class of Worker Reasons Employed Persons .Table A-7: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population, Not at Work total and urban, by region

(Percent distribution of persons 14 years of age and over) July I960 June I960 July 1959

Labor force Labor force Labor force Percent Percent Percent Region of pop- Employed of pop- Employed of pop- Employed ulation ulation ulation Nonagri- Unem- Nonagri- Unem- Nonagri- Unem- in labor Agri- in labor Agri- in labor Agri- cultural ployed cultural ployed cultural ployed force cul- force cul- force cul- 'indus- indus- indus- ture ture ture tries tries tries

Total'. 100.0 9.5 85.0 5.5 100.0 9.k 81;. 5 6.1 100.0 9.6 85.2 5.2

Northeast 59.li 100.0 2.7 91.2 6.1 59.7 100.0 2.3 91.0 6.7 59.3 100.0 2.9 91.0 6.1 North Central. 59.5 100.0 11.6 83.7 U.7 59.8 100.0 XL.l 83.5 5.U 59.3 100.0 12.0 83.7 k.3 South 58.6 100.0 13.7 80.6 5.7 59.2 100.0 79.5 6.1 58.1; 100.0 13.1 81.1 5.8 West 59.6 100.0 9.3 85.1 5.6 59.3 100.0 8.7 85.1 6.2 59.h 100.0 9.8 85.9 k.3 Urban. 59.5 100.0 92.5 6.1 100.0 1.3 92.0 6.7 59.2 100.0 1.1 93.0

Northeast $9.3 100.0 .7 92.9 6.U 59.9 100.0 .5 92.6 6.9 59.h 100.0 .5 93.0 6.5 North Central. 59.3 100.0 .9 93.3 5.8 59.9 100.0 i.o 92.6 6.1; 58.5 100.0 1.0 93.8 5.2 South 60.0 100.0 2.1 91.9 6.0 60.0 100.0 1.9 91.1 7.0 59.8 100.0 1.9 91.3 6.8 West 59.7 100.0 2.7 91.3 6.0 59.h 100.0 2.5 91.2 6.3 58.9 100.0 1.8 93.6 k.6 NOTE: Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning 1960. (See footnote 4, table A-l.)

Table A-8: Employed persons, by type of industry, class of worker, and sex

(Thousands of persons 14 years of age and over)

Type of industry July i960 June I960 July 195? and class of worker Male Female

Total. U6.O17 U5,788 22,791 67,591; U5,863 21,731

Agriculture 6,885 5,399 I,t86 6,856 5,325 1,531 6,825 5,369 Wage and salary workers. 2,hO3 1,927 kit 2,323 1,877 kh6 2,114.2 1,768 373 l!;0 Self-employed workers... 2,962 2,81;3 119 2,921; 2,801 122 3A37 2,997 Unpaid family workers... 1,520 629 891 1,610 963 91a 6kl 5UU 603 Nonagricultural industries 61,801; U0,6l8 21,186 61,722 21,260 60.769 kO,k93 20,276 Wage and salary workers 5U,8U5 35,5k7 19,298 5k,5%9 35,280 19,310 53,787 35,361. l8,!;22 In private households \ 2,589 397 2,191 2,630 388 2,2lt2 2,622 k63 2,160 Government workers 7,U66 U,56O 2,906 7,559 U,568 2,991 7,288 U,6oo 2,688 Other wage and salary workers 14i,79O 30,590 lit, 201 l*U,Uoo 30,321; U4,O77 U3,878 30,302 13,57U Self-employed workers 6,261; 1;,938 1,325 6, fc30 5,Ol;9 1,381 6,336 5,008 1,328 Unpaid family workers 695 132 563 703 131; 569 61.6 120 526 NOTE: Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning 1960. (See footnote 4, table A-l. )

Table A-9: Employed persons with a job but not at work, by reason for not working and pay status

(Thousands of persons 14 years of a ie and over) July I960 June I960 July 1959

Nonagricultural industries Nonagricultural Jindustries Nonagricultural industries Reason for not working Wag

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Table A-10: Occipatiu imp if tMliyri ptrsiis, by sei

(Thousands of persons 14 years of age and over)

Percent Percent Occupation group Male 'em ale distribution distribution Total Male Fe- Total Male male male

Total. 68,689 i6,017 22,672 100.0 .00.0 100.0 67,5ft U5,863 21,731 100.0 100.0 .00.0

Professional, technical, and" kindred workers U,56O 2,1*81 10.3 9.9 10.9 6,771 1*,1*63 2,309 10.0 9.7 10.6 Medical and other health workers 1,289 539 7U9 1.9 1.2 3.3 1,226 523 701* 1.8 1.1 3.2 Teachers, except college 1,175 301 87U 1.7 .7 3.9 1,076 251* 822 1.6 .6 3.8 Other professional, technical, and kindred workers U,5j8 3,720 858 6.7 8.1 1,1*69 3,686 783 6.6 8.0 Farmers and farm managers 2,950 2,833 117 1*.3 6.2 3,112 2,981 131 i*.6 6.5 i Managers, officials, and proprietors, except farm... 6,9U0 5,852 1,088 10.1 12.7 1*.8 7,008 5,876 1,131 10.1* 12.7 Salaried workers 3,1*57 2,9U2 515 5.0 6.U 2.3 3,1*81* 2,957 527 5.2 6.1* 5.2 Self-employed workers in retail trade 1,736 1,370 366 2.5 3.0 1.6 1,769 1,396 373 2.6 3.0 2.1* Self-employed workers, except retail trade 1,7U7 l,5Uo 207 2.5 1,755 1,523 231 2.6 3.3 1.7 3.3 .9 1.1 Clerical and kindred workers 9,907 6,736 6.9 29.7 6,31*5 13.8 6.6 29.2 Stenographers, typists, and secretaries 2,385 2,323 .1 10.2 2,205 3.1* .2 10.1 Other clerical and kindred workers 7,522 3,108 1*,1*13 11.0 6.8 19.5 7,059 2,919 l*,H*0 10.1* 6.1* 19.1 Sales workers. U,Uo5 2,656 1,750 6.1* 5.8 7.7 U,U68 2,762 1,706 6.6 6.0 7.8 Retail trade •• 2,597 1,069 1,529 3.8 2.3 6.7 2,616 1,108 1,508 3.9 2.1* 6U9~ Other sales workers 1,808 1,587 221 2.6 3.1* 1.0 1,852 1,651* 198 2.7 3.6 .9 Craftsmen, foremen, and kindred workers 8,852 8,625 227 12.9 18.7 1.0 8,81*2 8,638 20U 13.1 18.9 1.0 Carpenters. 871 870 1 1.3 1.9 (1) 909 909 1.3 2.0 Construction craftsmen, except carpenters 1,928 1,911* H* 2.8 U.2 .1 1,891* 1,881 11* 2.8 l*.l .1 Mechanics and repairmen.., 1,992 1,983 8 2.9 1*.3 (1) 2,088 2,069 19 3.1 U.5 .1 Metal craftsmen, except mechanics 1,161 1,31*8 11* 1.7 2.5 .1 1,100 1,092 7 1.6 2.1* (1) Other craftsmen and kindred workers 1,753 1,639 Hi* 2.6 3.6 .5 1,729 1,651 78 2.6 3.6 .1* Foremen, not elsewhere classified 1,H*7 1,071 76 1.7 2.3 .3 1,122 1,036 86 1.7 2.3 .1*

Operatives and kindred workers 12,276 8,81*1 3,1*35 17.9 19.2 15.2 12,212 8,996 3,216 18.1 19.5 11*. 8 Drivers and deliverymen. 2,U71 2,1*50 21 3.6 5.3 .1 2,1*1*3 2,1*31* 9 3.6 5.3 (1) Other operatives and kindred workers: Durable goods manufacturing...... 3,U58 2,539 920 5.0 S.S *.l 3,589 2,723 866 5.3 $.9 U.O Nondurable goods manufacturing 3,1**5 1,697 1,778 5.1 3.7 7.8 3,306 1,621 1,685 h.9 3.5 7.8 Other industries 2,872 2,155 716 1*.2 1*.7 3.2 2,871* 2,218 656 U.3 U.8 3.0

Private household workers 2,195 1*5 2,150 3.2 .1 2,201 2,155 3.3 .1 9.9 Service workers, except private household 6,305 3,012 3,293 9.2 6.5 sfcf 5,981 2,823 3,*8 8.8 6.2 1U.6 Protective service workers 786 1.6 755 719 71*8 38 1.1 .2 1.1 1.6 .2 Waiters, cooks, and bartenders , 1,719 515 1,201* 2.5 1.1 1,751* 1*97 1,256 2.6 1.1 5.8 Other service workers 3,800 3.8 5.3 1,71*9 2,051 $$ 9.0 3,1*72 1,60? 1,866 5.1 3.5 8.6 Farm laborers and foremen 3,578 2,266 1,311 5.2 1*.9 5.8 3,1*13 2,152 1,260 5.1 1*.7 5.8 Paid workers 2,O7U 1,0*3 1*31 3.0 3.6 1.9 1,881* 1556 327 2.8 3.1* 1.5 Unpaid family workers 1,50* 623 880 2.2 1.1* 3.9 1,529 596 933 2.3 1.3 U.3 Laborers, except farm and mine. U,2l*3 U,l59 6.2 9.0 .1* 1*,2!*6 1,131 U5 6.3 9.0 Construction 1,033 1,027 1.5 2.2 (1) 931* 931 k 1.1* 2.0 Manufacturing 1,126 1,087 39 1.6 2.1* .2 1,258 1,187 70 1.9 2.6 i Other industries^ 2.O8U Ad5 J*0 _y* .2 2,051* 2,013 _y*_ 1Less than 0.05. NOTE: Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning 1960. (See footnote 4, table A-l. ) J

Table A-11: Majir iccipatin imp if eapkytd pirsus, by cttor mi sei

(Percent distribution of persons 14 years of age and over) July I960 July .959 Major occupation group White Nonwhite White Nonwhite Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female

Tota I thous ands. 61,376 1*1,657 19,719 7,311* U,36O 2,95U 60,629 1*1,701 18,928 6,965 U,162 2,803 Percent, 100*0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Professional, technical, and kindred workers 11.0 10.6 11.8 U.2 3.U 5.3 10.7 10.U 11.5 3.7 2.9 U.9 Farmers and farm managers l*.l* 6.3 .5 3.2 5.o .5 U.7 6.6 .6 3.7 5.7 •8 Managers, officials, and proprietors, except farm 11.0 13.7 5.2 2.5 2.9 1.9 11.3 13.8 5.7 2.3 2.U 2.0 Clerical and kindred workers 15.3 7.0 32.8 7.0 5.8 8.8 11*. 8 6.7 32.5 $.$ U.6 6.8 Sales workers 7.0 6.2 8.6 1.U 1.2 1.6 7.2 6.5 8.8 1.5 1.U 1.6 Craftsmen, foremen, and kindred workers 13.7 19.7 1.1 S.9 9.S .5 13.9 19.7 1.0 6.1 9.9 Operatives and kindred workers 17.7 18.8 15.1* 19.1 23.1 13.1 17.8 19.2 Hw8 20.0 23.$ XU..u9 Private household workers 1.9 .1 5.8 1U.0 .3 3U.1 1.9 .1 6.0 1U.9 36.2 Service workers, except private household... 8.2 5.7 13.5 17.1 1U.3 21.2 7.9 5.3 13.6 17.1 n*.u 21.0 Farm laborers and foremen h.$ 1*.3 1*.8 11.6 11.0 12.U k.$ U.2 5.1 10.0 9.h 10.8 Laborers, except farm and mine 5.2 7.5 .3 1U.2 23.U .6 5.3 7.U .5 15.2 25.1 .6 NOTE: Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning 1960. (See footnote 4, table A-l.)

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis lemployment Table A-12: Unemployed persons, by duration of anenployment

(Thousands of persons 14 years of age and over) Duration of unemployment Julv I960 June May Apr. Feb. Jan. Dec. Nov. Oct. Sept. Aug. July Number Percent I960 I960 I960 i960 I960 I960 1959 1959 1959 1959 1959 1959

Total. 4,017 100.0 4,423 3.459 3.660 4.206 3.931 4.149 3.577 3.670 3.272 3.230 3.426 3.744

Less than 5 weeks... 1,871 1*6.6 2,654 1,638 1,580 1,516 1,476 1,909 1,683 1,846 1,607 1,539 1,567 1,773 Less than 1 week.. 18 .4 86 12 25 12 28 16 11 23 28 31 25 16 1 week 385 9.6 758 470 443 395 4l4 387 400 393 389 4o6 451 450 2 weeks 550 13.7 777 k6k 456 429 413 506 567 601 518 471 435 506 3 weeks 461 12,0 635 379 332 361 317 516 422 U63 388 370 358 420 4 weeks 436 10.9 399 314 325 319 304 483 284 366 284 261 298 381 5 to 14 weeks 1,311 32.7 954 900 876 1,474 1,491 1,330 1,083 I,o4o 939 955 1,076 1,154 5 to 6 weeks 532 13.2 283 272 213 294 4io 341 305 320 269 257 282 440 7 to 10 weeks 501 12.5 412 372 354 561 685 589 528 444 382 405 504 k63 11 to 14 weeks.... 278 6.9 259 256 309 619 396 400 250 276 288 293 290 251 15 weeks and over... 834 20.8 816 920 1,204 1,217 964 910 811 784 726 736 783 817 15 to 26 weeks.... 418 10.4 420 509 705 715 533 441 381 356 333 340 290 302 27 weeks and over. 4i6 10*. 4 396 4n 499 502 431 h6$ 430 428 393 396 493 515 Average duration.... 11.8 - 10.3 12.8 14.3 14.2 13.1 12.7 12.9 12.4 13.1 13.7 13.8 13.4 NOTE: Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning 1960. (See footnote 4, table A-l. ) Table A-13: Unemployed persons, by major occipation croup and industry group (Persons 14 years of age and over) July .960 June I960 July 1959 Occupation and industry Percent Unemployment Percent Unemployment Percent Unemployment distribution rate1 distribution rate1 distribution rate*

MAJOR OCCUPATION GROUP Total. 100.0 5.5 100.0 6.1 100.0 5.2

Professional, technical, and kindred workers 3.0 1.7 4.2 2.5 3.6 2.0 Farmers and farm managers....- .1 .2 .2 Managers, officials, and proprietors, except farm. 1.8 .1 2.2 l.h 2.6 l'.4 Clerical and kindrred workers.; 9.9 1.0 9.1 3.9 8.9 3.4 Sales workers 1 4.4 3.9 4.3 4.1 4.3 3.5 Craftsmen, foremen, and kindred workers 9.6 9 8.2 3.9 8.1 3.3 Operatives and kindred workers 25.4 ?- 22.2 7.4 23.I 6.6 Private household workers 3.3 4.2 3.0 5.6 3.8 6.1 Service workers, except private household 10.0 7.7 9.2 6.3 io.4 6.1 Farm laborers and foremen * 3.3 5.6 3.3 3.9 4.o 4.2 Laborers, except farm and mine 13.2 6.0 11.2 1C.7 12.9 10.2 No previous work experience 16.1 3.5 23.0 18.1 11.1 INDUSTRY GROUP

Total 100.0 5.5 100.0 6.1 100.0 5.2

Experienced wage and salary workers 81.2 5.4 74.4 5.5 79.8 5.1 Agriculture 3.7 5.8 3.5 6.3 4.7 7.6 Nonagricultural industries * , . . 77.5 5.4 70.9 5.4 75.1 5.0 Mining, forestry, and fisheries 1.6 8.5 1.3 8.2 1.9 10.1 Construct ion 9.2 8.6 7.9 8.4 9.4 8.1 Manufacturing 28.3 6.2 24.0 5.9 23.7 5.0 Durable goods 15.7 6.3 13.2 5.8 12.6 4.7 Primary metal industries 3.3 10.5 2.0 7.2 1.6 4.5 Fabricated metal products 1.6 1.3 5.0 1.4 4.5 Machinery (except electrical) 1.9 2.0 5.1. 1.5 3.5 Electrical machinery 2.1 5.7 1.8 5.4 1.3 3.8 Transportation equipment 3.9 7.7 3.1 6.5 3.1 5.4 Motor vehicles and equipment , 10.5 1.7 7.7 1.8 7.2 All other transportation equipment 1.4 5.2 1.5 5.6 1.3 3.9 Other durable goods industries 2.9 5.1 3.0 5.6 3.7 5.7 Nondurable goods 12.6 6.2 10.8 5.9 11.1 5.5 Food and kindred products 2.5 5.6 2.4 6.1 2.9 6.8 Textile-mill products 1.7 6.6 1.2 5.7 1.7 6.1 Apparel and other finished textile products 3.5 10.6 2.9 9.6 3.2 10.0 Other nondurable goods industries 4.9 4.9 4.2 4.7 3.3 3.3 Transportation and public utilities 4.4 4.0 4.8 4.1 ^5 3.5 Railroads and railway express 1.2 4.5 1.2 5.0 3.9 2.0 5.0 1.3 Other transportation 2.1 5.0 2.3 5.2 Communication and other public utilities.... 1.5 3.1 1.2 2.6 1.8 Wholesale and retail trade 16.0 5.7 16.0 6.4 16.5 5.7 Finance, insurance, and real estate 1.4 2.1 1.4 2.4 1.6 2.4 Service industries 14.5 4.5 14.3 4.8 15.7 4.7 Professional services 4.1 2.6 4.8 3.2 4.9 6.6 3.1 All other service industries 10.4 6.3 9-5 10.8 6.1 Public administration 2.2 1.9 2.3 1.6 1.7 2.0 Percent of labor force in each group who were unemployed. 2Includes self-employed, unpaid family workers , and persons with no previous work experience, not shown separately. NOTE: Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning 1960. (Seefootnote 4, table A-l. )

561163 O - 60 - 3

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Long-Term Unemployment

Table A-14: Persons unemployed 15 weeks and over, by selected characteristics

(Persons 14 years of age and over) July i960 June i960 July 1959

Percent of Percent of Percent of Characteristics Percent unemployed Percent unemployed Percent unemployed distribution in each distribution in each distribution in each group group group

AGE AND SEX Total. 100.0 20.8 100.0 18.4 100.0 21.8 14 years and over 66, 22.1 68.7 20.9 68.9 24.4 14 to 17 years 2, 4.7 4.0 5.7 2.4 5.1 18 and 19 years 3. 10.8 2.6 6.4 3-8 13.5 20 to 24 years 8, 19.8 7.2 17.4 18.7 25 to 34 years... 12, 21.0 8.5 16.3 27.0 35 to 44 years 11, 26.8 30.7 13.3 32.8 35-4 13.7 45 to 64 years 24, 27.2 39.8 24.3 35.2 65 years and over (1) 42.3 3' 5.5 (1) 5.4 14 years and over 33. 18.6 31.0 17.8 6.3 31.3 14.8 14 to 19 years 2, 3.5 3.5 7.6 20 to 24 years 5. 18.6 4.4 3.5 14.6 21.1 6.6 25 to 34 years 7. 4.9 19.7 4.5 16.3 35 to 44 years - 7 24.5 6.1 15.9 8.1 26.5 45 years and over 10, 25.5 10.1 22.1 11.4 25.1 MARITAL STATUS AND SEX 26.3 Total. 100.0 20.8 100.0 18.4 100.0 21.8 Male: Married, wi-fe present.... 37.4 26.4 35.8 26.5 37.7 29.2 Single 21.3 15.5 23.4 13.7 23.0 17.5 Other 7.5 36.2 9.5 40.4 37.2 Female: Married, husband present. 23.0 19.5 8.3 18.8 18.6 14.0 15.0 Single 12.0 9.0 8.7 14.6 Other 7.9 21.1 23.4 8.8 21.1 7.3 8.2 7.2 COLOR AND SEX 100.0 20.8 100.0 18.4 100.0 21.8 White.. . . 73.6 19.5 75.7 17.5 76.3 21.8 Male... 47.8 20.4 52.6 19.8 51.0 24.0 Female. 25.8 18.1 23.1 13.8 25.3 18.3 Nonwhite. 26.4 25.3 24.3 22.5 23.8 22.6 Male... 18.5 28.3 16.0 25.0 17.8 25.6 Female. 7.9 20.3 8.3 18.9 6.0 16.7 MAJOR OCCUPATION GROUP Total. 100.0 20.8 100.0 18.4 100.0 21.8 Professional, technical, and kindred workers 2.3 16.0 2.4 10.8 3.7 21.9 Farmers and farm managers . .2 (1) .1 (1) .2 Managers, officials, and proprietors, except farm 2.3 (1) 3.5 (1) 4.3 36.5 Clerical and kindred workers , 9.8 20.7 10.5 21.4 11.7 28.8 Sales workers 3.7 17.5 3.9 16.8 2.9 14.9 Craftsmen, foremen, and kindred workers •., 8.9 19.1 11.6 26.3 9.7 26.5 Operatives and kindred workers 35.5 29.1 29.6 24, 29.0 27.6 Private household workers 2.8 17.6 1.7 10, 1.3 Service workers, except private household , 9.1 19.0 10.3 20.7 11.3 7.6 Farm laborers and foremen , 1.6 9.9 1.8 10, 2.2 24.0 Laborers, except farm and mine , 17.7 27.9 16.6 27- 16.1 12.0 27.3 No previous work experience 6.2 8.0 7.7 6.2 7.6 9.1 INDUSTRY GROUP Total2 100.0 20.8 100.0 18.4 100.0 21.8 Experienced wage and salary workers 89.8 23.0 88.4 21.9 89.8 24.4 Agriculture , 2.4 13 .k 2.0 10.2 2.7 12.5 Nonagricultural industries , 87.4 23.4 86.4 22.5 87.1 25.2 Mining, forestry, and fisheries 4.7 (1) 3.3 (1) 3.1 (1) Construction , 9.2 20.9 n.5 27.0 11.3 26.3 Manufacturing 38.7 28.5 32.9 25.4 32.0 29.1 Durable goods #. 20.2 28.3 18.7 32.0 21.9 29.1 Nondurable goods , 27.7 12.7 21.8 25.8 Transportation and public utilities , 16.8 27.3 7.8 33.2 33.3 Wholesale and retail trade , 6.3 16.3 15.2 17.5 17.8 23.5 Service and finance, insurance, and real estate 12.6 17.3 13.6 15.9 13.5 16.9 Public administration 13.2 (1) 2.1 (1) 2.6 (1) 2.8 Percent not shown where base is less than 100,000. 2Includes self-employed, unpaid family work ers, and persons with no previous work experience, not shown separately. NOTE: Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning 1960. (See footnote 4, table A- 1. )

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Table A15: Persons at work, by hours worked, type of industry, and class of worker July i960 (Percent distribution of persons 14 years of age and over) Agriculture Nonagricultural industries Wage and salary workers Self- Self- Unpaid Wage and Unpaid Private Hours worked Total salary employed family employed family house- workers workers workers workers workers holds Total at work...thousands 61,398 6,729 2,363 2,846 1,520 54,668 48,134 2,466 5,818 39,850 5,839 696 Percent 100.0 1QQ.Q 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1QQ.Q 1QQ«Q 1QQ,Q 100.0 100,0 100.0 1 to 34 hours 18.0 26.3 33.9 15.4 35.4 17.0 16.6 59.6 10.3 14.9 17.8 39.8 1 to 14 hours 5.1 6.0 10.4 5.5 4.9 4.8 34.0 1.9 3.4 6.9 15 to 21 hours 4.9 10.3 11.4 4.1 20.3 4.0 11.5 2.7 3.8 4.3 20.1 H3.6 12.0 22 to 29 hours 3.8 5.6 6.3 3.4 8.9 3.5 8.1 2.2 3.4 3.2 30 to 34 hours 4.4 2.4 6.2 4.2 4.3 3.5 4.3 3.4 7.7 4.2 5.8 6.0 35 to 40 hours 14.5 9.8 19.2 51.3 55.6 67.4 55.9 20.5 20.5 47.3 17.1 21.2 35 to 39 hours 6.3 5.9 3.7 9.1 6.3 6.6 6.0 4.6 6.9 4.1 7.5 6.4 40 hours.4 41.0 8.6 6.1 10.1 45.0 49.0 15.2 62.8 49.O 16.4 13.0 10.7 41 hours and over 34.7 59.0 74.9 45.5 31.7 27.9 19.1 22.2 29.3 61.7 39.5 41 to 47 hours 48.9 7.1 8.2 7.3 8.4 7.5 4.7 2.8 4.7 7.8 7.9 5.7 48 hours 6.6 4.9 7.1 3.6 4.2 6.7 3.9 4.6 7.2 7.7 4.8 7.0 6.8 49 hours and over 20.6 49.4 68.5 36.6 13.3 9.5 10.5 13.9 46.7 26.3 49 to 54 hours 8.2 34.8 7.4 17.1 5.2 3.4 5.6 10.4 5.1 6.0 8.4 5.8 3.4 55 to 59 hours 3.6 9.0 2.9 2.5 2.1 2.0 2.5 4.5 2.4 2.8 3.5 5.1 2.7 60 to 69 hours 15.1 19.4 10.1 3.3 1.6 2.5 3.5 16.4 7.8 5.9 13.3 4.8 2.6 11.0 70 hours and over 5.9 22.5 38.8 2.3 2.4 2.3 15.4 9.0 13.0 3.8 Average hours 41.7 49.1 41.5 58.7 43.1 40.8 39.9 26.8 41.0 40.6 48.6 40.7 NOTE: Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning 1960. (See footnote 4, table A-l.)

Table A16: Persons employed in nonagricultural industries, by full-time or part-time status and reason for part time

(Thousands of persons 14 years of age and over) Hours worked, usual status, and July June July Hours worked, usual status, and July June July reason working part time i960 i960 1959 reason working part time i960 i960 1959 Total. 61,805 6l,722 60,769 Usually work full time—Continued Part time for other reasons 1,766 1,969 1,980 With a job but not at work 7,136 3,691 6,890 Own illness 430 520 412 At work. 54,668 58,032 53,879 Vacation 457 329 409 41 hours and over 17,304 18,041 17,438 Bad weather 230 376 360 35 to 40 hours 28,076 29,838 27,425 Holiday 26 83 1 1 to 34 hours 9,288 10,152 9,016 All other 623 661 798 Usually work full time on present job: Part time for economic reasons 1,120 1,371 863 Usually work part time on present job: Slack work 861 1,024 642 For economic reasons1 1,669 1,547 1,726 Material shortages or repairs... 58 65 50 Average hours 17.2 17.3 17.4 New job started 140 233 109 For other reasons 5,266 4,447 Job terminated 62 48 61 4,735 Average hours 25.O 23.6 Average hours for total at work 40.6 40.8 24.9 40.8 Primarily includes persons who could find only part-time work. NOTE: Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning 1960. (See footnote 4, table A-l. ) Table A17: Wage and salary workers, by full-time or part-time status and major industry group

July i960 (Percent distribution of persons 14 years of age and over)

1 to 34 hours 41 hours and over Total Usually work full Usually work part 35 to Major industry group at time on present job time on present job 39 40 49 41 to 48 work Total Part time Part time For For hours hours Total 47 ours rs for economic for other economic other hours ver reasons reasons reasons reasons Agriculture. 100.0 33.9 2.5 4.9 11.8 14.7 6.4 10.7 48.9 7.1 7.0 34.8 Nonagricultural industries 100.0 16.6 2.1 3.2 3.3 8.0 6.6 49.0 27.9 7.9 6.7 13.3 Construction 100.0 18.0 5.3 6.2 3.6 2.9 5.0 51.0 25.9 8.5 5.1 12.3 Manufacturing 100.0 10.0 3.1 3.4 1.2 2.3 6.2 60.5 23.4 7.2 6.1 10.1 Durable goods 100.0 8.2 3.1 3.6 .7 .8 3.1 66.7 22.1 6.7 5.8 9.6 Nondurable goods 100.0 11.9 3.0 3.1 1.8 4.0 10.0 53.1 25.0 7.8 6.4 10.8 Transportation and public utilities 100.0 7.3 1.5 2.6 1.2 2.0 3.9 61.1 27.9 8.3 5.9 13.7 Wholesale and retail trade 100.0 19.6 1.1 2.0 4.8 11.7 5.6 35.4 39.4 9.9 10.4 19.1 Finance, insurance, and real estate 100.0 11.4 .9 2.3 .9 7.3 20.0 46.0 22.4 7.9 2.8 11.7 Service industries 100.0 29.9 1.3 3.1 6.8 18.7 7.4 36.6 26.3 7.6 6.2 12.5 Educational services 100.0 25 X 1.1 8.6 .3 15.4 13.2 42.9 18.4 7.8 2.8 7.8 Other professional services 100.0 15.7 .4 2.5 1.3 11.5 6.5, 52.5 25.2 6.7 5.8 12.7 All other service industries 100.0 39.0 1.8 2.5 11.2 23.5 6.7 26.0 28.3 8.0 7.1 13.2 All other industries 100.0 9.1 1,4 4.1 .7 2.9 4.0 61.9 24.9 5.2 6.0 13.7 NOTE: Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning 1960. (See footnote 4, table A-l.]

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 10

Table Ml: Persons at wirk, by foil-tine or part tine statis and Major occupation froip July i960

Percent distribution of persons 14 years of age andover) 1 to 34 hours 41 hours and over Usually work full Usually \ other hours economic over reasons reasons

Total 100.0 18.0 2.0 3.2 9.5 6.3 41.0 ^4.7 7«? 6.6 20.6 41.7

Professional, technical, and kindred 100.0 14.6 0.4 3*9 1.3 9.0 47.3 31.1 7.6 5.2 18.3 41.6 100.0 14.9 2.1 2.6 .1 10.1 3.8 6.2 75.1 2.7 3.6 68.8 58.9 Managers, officials, and proprietors, 100.0 7.4 .7 2.6 .4 3*7 3.8 26.3 62.5. 10.1 8.8 43.6 50.3 100.0 13.6 .6 2.6 1.4 9.0 12.2 58.8 15.4 6.7 3.4 5.3 38.5 100.0 24.8 •9 2.1 3-9 17.9 5.7 31.7 ^7.6 8.9 7.5 21.2 39.3 Craftsmen, foremen, and kindred 100.0 9.9 2.7 3.8 1.4 2.0 4.0 54.4 31.7 9.1 8.0 14.6 41.8 100.0 13.5 4.3 3.9 2.0 3.3 5.9 50.4 30.1 7.4 7.5 15.2 41.5 100.0 58.4 1.1 2.5 17.7 37.1 6.8 15.2 19.6 6.1 4.2 9.3 27.4 Service workers, except private 100.0 23.8 1.3 2.4 4.6 15.5 5.0 37.6 33.5 7.0 10.3 16.2 39.8 100.0 35-9 2.0 4.1 7.4 22.4 7.6 9.0 47.5 6.1 5.7 35.7 41.9 100.0 27.4 5.2 4.5 9.0 8.7 4.2 46.3 22.1 7.0 4.8 10.3 36.5 NOTE: Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning 1960. (See footnote 4, table A-l.)

Table A-19: Persons at work in nonagricuttiral industries, by foil-tine and part-tine status and selected characteristics July i960 (Percent distribution of persons 14 years of age and over) 1 to 34 hours Tota L 41 at work Usually work full Usually work part 35 to Characteristics time on present job time on present job 40 Total Part time Part time For For hours (In thou- over Percent for economic for other economic other sands ) reasons reasons reasons reasons

AGE AND SEX Total 54.668 100.0 17.0 2.0 3.2 3.1 _8/L_ 2L.7 408 36,591 100.0 12.1 2.2 3.2 2.5 4.2 50.0 38.O 43.1 1,641 100.0 59.8 1.7 1.8 20.4 35.9 24.1 16.1 27.1 4,563 100.0 12.4 2.6 2.8 3.4 3.6 52.1 35.4 42.1 8,247 100.0 7.3 1.9 2.9 1.0 1.5 51.8 40.8 44.5 8,733 100.0 7.8 2.3 3.5 1.1 .9 50.8 41.5 45.0 12,011 100.0 9.2 2.2 3.6 1.5 1.9 52.0 38.9 44.1 1,398 100.0 32.9 1.4 2.1 3.5 25.9 40.8 26.3 36.4 18.8 18,077 100.0 27.1 1.8 3.3 4.3 17.7 54.1 36.3 1,194 100.0 57.1 1.1 1.1 17.8 37.1 27.8 15.1 26.8 3,135 100.0 I8.3 1.4 3.0 4.3 9.6 67.4 14.4 37.1 3,124 100.0 24.1 2.2 3.2 2.5 16.2 58.3 17.6 36.5 3,900 100.0 26.9 2.3 4.2 3.2 17.2 54.4 18.8 36.7 6,044 100.0 25.4 1.8 3.6 3.2 16.8 52.7 21.8 37.6 680 100.0 45.0 .8 2.2 3.7 38.3 30.9 24.1 33.3

MARITAL STATUS AND SEX 6,723 100.0 25.0 2.1 2.5 8.2 12.2 47.9 27.1 37.7 Married, wife present 27,993 100.0 8.7 2.1 3.3 1.0 2.3 50.4 40.9 44.5 1,875 100.0 14.8 3.3 3.4 3.7 4.4 51.5 33.7 41.5 4,901 100.0 25.4 1.1 3.1 7.1 14.1 59.0 15.5 35.5 Married, husband present 9,298 100.0 29.5 2.2 3.6 2.6 21.1 52.5 18.0 35.9 3,878 100.0 23.6 2.0 3.0 4.6 14.0 51.8 24.6 38.1 COLOR AND SEX White 100.0 16.0 1.8 3.1 2.5 8.6 51.4 32.6 41.2 33,285 100.0 11.3 l.b 3.1 2.1 4.3 49.6 39.1 43.4 15,801 100.0 25.9 1.7 3.2 3.3 17.7 55.3 18.8 36.6

5.582 100.0 25.6 4.3 4.4 7.9 9.0 50.7 23.7 37.4 Male 3,306 100.0 I8.9 5.4 4.4 5.8 3.3 54.0 27.1 Female 2,276 100.0 35.5 2.8 4.5 10.9 IT. 3 45.7 18.7 34.1 NOTE: Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning 1960. (See footnote 4, table A-l. )

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 11 Historical Industry Employment

Table B-1: Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry division 1919 to date (In thousands) Finance, Transportation Contract Wholesale and insurance, Service and Year and month Manufacturing and public Government Mining construction retail trade and real miscellaneous utilities estate

1919. 26,829 1,124 1,021 10,53l! 3,711 4,664 1,050 2,05* 2,671 1920. 27,088 1,230 848 10,534 3,998 4,623 1,110 2,142 2,603 1921. 24,125 953 1,012 8,132 3,459 4,754 1,097 2,187 2,531 1922. 25,569- 920 1,185 8,986 3,505 5,084 1,079 2,268 2,542 1923. 28,128 1,203 1,229 10,155 3,882 5,494 1,123 2,431 2,6ll 190*. 27,770 1,092 1,321 9,523 3,806 5,626 1,163 2,516 1925. 28,505 1,080 1,446 9,786 3,824 5,810 1,166 2,591 1926. 29,539 1,176 1,555 9,997 3,940 6,033 1,235 2,755 2^848 1927. 29,691 1,105 1,608 9,839 3,891 6,165 1,295 2,871 2,917 1928. 29,710 1,0*1 1,606 9,786 3,822 6,137 1,360 2,962 2,996

1929. 31,0*1 1,078 1,497 10,534 3,907 6,1*01 1,431 3,127 3,066 1930. 29,1*3 1,000 1,372 9,401 3,675 6,064 1,398 3,084 1931. 26,383 864 1,214 8,021 3,243 5,531 1,333 2,913 \M 1932. 23,377 722 970 6,797 2,804 *,907 1,270 2,682 3,225 23,1*66 7,258 2,6i4 1933. 735 809 2,659 *,999 1,225 3,167 193*. 25,699 874 862 8,3*6 2,736 5,552 1,247 2,784 3,298 1935. 26,792 888 912 8,907 2,771 5,692 1,262 2,883 3,*77 1936., 28,802 937 1,1*5 9,653 2,956 6,076 1,313 3,060 3,662 1937. 30,718 1,006 1,112 10,606 3,114 6,543 1,355 3,233 3,7*9 1938. 28,902 882 1,055 9,253 8to 6,453 1,347 3,196 1939. 30,311 845 1,150 10,078 2,912 6,612 1,399 3,321 3,995 19*»0. 32,058 916 1,29* 10,780 3,013 6,940 1,436 3,477 4,202 19*1. 36,220 9*7 1,790 12,97* 3,248 7,416 1,480 3,705 4,66o 19*2. 39,779 983 2,170 15,051 3,433 7,333 l,*69 3,857 5,483 19*3. *2,106 917 1,567 17,381 3,619 7,189 l,*35 3,919 6,080 19**. *1,53* 883 1,09* 17,111 3,798 7,260 1,409 3,93* 6,043 19*5. *O,037 826 1,132 15,302 3,872 7,522 1,428 4,011 5,9*4 *1,287 1,661 l*,*6l 4,023 8,602 1,619 4,474 5,595 19*7. *3,*62 % 1,982 15,290 4,122 9,196 1,672 4,783 5,474 19*8. 44,448 982 2,169 15,321 4,i4l 9,519 1,7*1 4,925 5,650 19*9. *3,315 918 2,165 1*,178 3,9*9 9,513 1,765 4,972 5,856 1950.. **,738 889 2,333 1*,967 3,977 9,645 1,824 5,077 6,026 1951. *7,3*7 916 2,603 16,104 *,166 10,012 1,892 5,264 6,389 1952. 48,303 885 2,63* 16,334 *,185 10,281 1,967 5,*ll 6,609 1953- ^9,681 852 2,622 17,238 *,221 10,527 2,038 5,538 6,645 195*. 48,431 777 2,593 1^,995 *,009 10,520 2,122 5,664 6,751 1955. 50,056 2,759 16,563 *,062 10,8^ 2,219 5,916 6,91* 1956. 51,766 16,903 *,l6l 11,221 2,308 6,160 7,277 52,162 809 16,782 *,151 11,302 2,348 6,336 7,626 50,5*3 721 2^648 15,468 3,903 n,i4i 2,374 6,395 7,893 1959 1 51,975 676 2,767 16,168 3,902 11,385 2,425 6,525 8,127 1959 2 52,205 677 2,788 16,199 3,921 11,439 2,433 6,558 8,190 1959: July 52,596 712 3,060 16,456 3,969 11,379 2,483 6,637 7,900 August.•• 52,316 641 3,132 16,212 3,9*2 11,415 2,482 6,616 7,876 September 52,889 622 3,068 16,400 3,9*7 11,519 2,460 6,651 8,222 October.. 52,802 622 2,985 16,226 3,929 11,605 2,449 6,648 8,338 November• 53,021 661 2,877 16,307 3,931 11,778 2,446 6,627 8,39* December. 53,989 669 2,719 16,510 3,958 12,402 2,446 6,581 8,704

I960: January*. 52,302 659 2,472 16,498 3,900 11,478 2,437 6,507 8,351 February. 52,284 670 2,408 16,548 3,905 11,382 2,447 6,518 8,406 March.... 52,398 667 2,331 16,505 3,918 11,379 2,452 6,545 8,601 April.... 53,076 678 2,611 16,408 3,936 11,675 2,471 6,679 8,618 May 53,195 679 2,853 16,378 3,9*3 11,599 2,478 6,752 8,513 June••••< 53,535 681 3,008 16,453 3,962 11,676 2,50* 6,781 8,470

July. 53,171 658 3,129 16,295 3,953 11,643 2,536 6,757 8,200

rData relate to the United States without Alaska and Hawaii. 1 Data include Alaska and Hawaii. The monthly data shown below relate to the United States including Alaska and Hawaii. NOTE: Data for the 2 most recent months are preliminary.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 12 Current Industry Employment Table B-2: Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry

(In thousands) All employees Production workers 1 Industry July June May July June July June July June i960 i960 I960 1939 1959 i960' i960 i960 1959 1959 TOTAL. 32,910 3,284 >2,957

MINING. 656 679 677 710 713 532 532 562 565 METAL MINING 95.1, 95.5 96.1 97.4 97.7 78.7 80.0 80.1 80.9 Iron mining 33.5 35.3 35.2 35.4 28.3 30.5 30.2 30.5 Copper mining 32.0 31.3 31.0 31.1 26.1 25.6 25.3 25.6 Lead and zinc mining. 11.7 H.9 12.7 12.6 9.4 10.2 10.2 9.7 ANTHRACITE MINING H.7 12.2 17.1 15.3 9.9 15.5 13.6 10.5 BITUMINOUS-COAL MINING. 145.8 164.0 167.2 171.3 177.9 144.1 152.5 158.5 147.7 CRUDE-PETROLEUM AND NATURAL-GAS PRODUCTION 291.4 286.2 310.7 308.7 203.3 198.3 218.6 216.8 Petroleum and natural-gas production (except contract services) 176.9 174.2 184.0 182.8 103.5 101.2 108.4 107.3

NONMETALLIC MINING AND QUARRYING. 116.1 116.6 115.7 113.8 113.2 96.2 95.9 95.5 95.0

CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION 3,102 2,983 2,830 3,035 2,986 2,565 2,420 2,632 2,583 N0NBU1LDING CONSTRUCTION 648 594 687 685 565 513 606 604 307.2 Highway and street construction. 316.1 284.2 343.0 335.0 288.3 256.6 315.6 310.1 350.0 276.4 297.2 Other nonbuilding construction.. 331.8 256.8 344.1 290.1 BUILDING CONSTRUCTION. 2,335 2,236 2,301 2,000 1,907 1,979 2,348 2,026 GENERAL CONTRACTORS. 815.O 774.2 824.0 714.7 675.1 724.3 836.7 737.2 SPEC IAL-TRADE CONTRACTORS 1,519.5 1,461.9 1,5H.3 1,477.2 1,285.6 1,232.0 1,288.4 1,254.6 Plumbing and heating 310.5 304.2 323.5 314.0 252.4 246.7 264.6 256.2 Painting and decorating 237.1 222.0 239.9 217.7 215.3 201.3 218.3 197.2 Electrical work 186.3 176.5 179.1 176.5 147.8 139.4 142.8 140.7 Other special-trade contractors. 785.6 759.2 768.8 769.O 67O.I 644.6 662.7 66O.5

MANUFACTURING. 16,249 16,414 16,348 16,410 L6,455 L2,155 L2,33O 12,292 12,433 12,524 DURABLE GOODS.... 9,332 9,500 9,516 9,523 9,581 6,886 7,057 7,084 7,161 7,248 NONDURABLE GOODS. 6,917 6,914 6,832 6,887 6,874 5,269 5,273 5,208 5,272 5,276

Durable Goods

ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES. 149.5 149.4 142.4 139.7 6O.7 72.2 73.0 72.2 72.9

LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS 677.8 689.I 66O.7 694.4 691.8 6O8.7 620.1 592.5 627.O 623.8 Logging camps and contractors 127.6 108.5 H5.3 112.1 120.3 101.8 108.6 105.2 SawmilJLs and planing mills 326.3 318.1 330.4 330.9 296.8 288.8 302.2 302.4 Millwork, plywood, prefabricated structural wood products 133.6 132.7 147.0 145.9 112.5 111.7 125.4 124.1 Wooden containers 44.8 44.8 44.8 45.6 40.8 40.8 41.0 41.8 Miscellaneous wood products 56.8 56.6 56.9 57.3 49.7 49.4 49.8 50.3

FURNITURE AND FIXTURES 385.6 390.7 388.3 382.2 384.1 320.7 326.3 324.3 319.5 320.7 Household furniture 279.6 279.5 276.6 277.0 240.3 240.3 237.9 238.O Office, public-building, and professional furniture 49.6 48.3 45.8 46.2 38.7 37.6 35.9 36.0 Partitions, shelving, lockers, and fixtures 37.0 35.7 35.5 35.6 28.0 26.8 26.8 26.7 Screens, blinds, and miscellaneous furniture and fixtures 24.5 24.8 24.3 25.3 19.3 19.6 18.9 20.0 STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS 562. 561.4 558.1 565.7 566.1 455.3 455.4 451.6 463.5 465.8 Plat glass 29.7 30.8 32.7 33.1 25.5 26.6 28.8 29.2 Glass and glassware, pressed or blown.. 109.4 106.9 103.I 92.9 90.5 85.7 88.1 Glass products made of purchased glass. 16.5 16.8 100.9 17.8 13.6 13.7 14.8 14.8 Cement, hydraulic 42.9 42.1 17.9 43.2 35.2 34.5 36.O 35.8 Structural clay products 43.5 68.4 75.7 76.O 78.4 78.3 65.5 65.9 68.5 Pottery and related products 48.8 48.8 49.4 49.4 4l.9 41.7 42.4 42.4 Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products. 120.5 118. 123.5 122.5 95.6 93.2 99.9 99.2 Cut-stone and stone products 18.4 18.1 18.4 18.; 15.9 15.6 15.9 15.7 Misc. nonmetallic mineral products 99. 100.1 101.0 100.5 69.3 69.9 71.5 72.2 See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the 2 most recent months are preliminary.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 13 Current Industry Employment Table B-2: Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry-Continued

(In thousands) All employees Production workers1 Industry July June May July June July June May July I960 I960 1959 1959 i960 i960 i960 1959

Durable Goods — Continued

PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES 1,159.3 1,201.9 1,224.9 1,266.1 1,291.4 926.5 968.9 992.6 1,038.4 1,066.5 Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills 582.4 606.5 630.8 651.8 470.8 495.3 521.2 543.1 Iron and steel foundries 223.2 222.5 230.1 231.4 I89.8 188.8 197.7 199.8 Primary smelting and refining of nonferrous metals 59.4 58.6 56.9 56.3 46.8 46.1 44.5 44.1 Secondary smelting and refining of nonferrous metals . 11.9 12.1 12.5 12.5 8.6 8.9 9.4 9.4 Rolling, drawing, and alloying of nonferrous metals 113.7 112.2 119.4 119.6 85.4 84.2 92.2 92.7 Nonferrous foundries 61.7 61.1 64.1 64.8 50.3 49.6 52.5 53.4 Miscellaneous primary metal industries. 152.3 117.2 149.6 151.9 155.0 H9.7 120.9 124.0 FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS •• 1,065.9 1,087.1 1,080.8 1,084.1 1,102.0 823.5 841.1 836.5 846.9 865.8 Tin cans and other tinware 63.9 62.2 62.8 63.1 55.9 54.3 55.0 55.4 104.4 Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware...... 132.2 133.0 132.4 136.4 103.7 104.4 108.4 Heating apparatus (except electric) and plumbers ' supplies 115.8 116.0 116.6 118.7 88.0 88.1 89.2 91.5 Fabricated structural metal products.... 293.4 287.7 303.1 301.6 208.4 204.4 221.5 220.7 Metal stamping, coating, and engraving.. 236.1 236.5 228.0 233.5 192.5 192.9 186.0 191.5 Lighting fixtures 49.4 48.1 47.6 38.2 37.0 36.9 38.2 Fabricated wire products 56.O 48.8 45.3 44.9 46.5 56.7 57.4 57.7 45.9 109.0 Miscellaneous fabricated metal products. 139.9 137.6 109.1 109.5 113.6 139.6 142.2 MACHINERY (EXCEPT ELECTRICAL) 1,636.2 1,657.4 1,660.9 1,633.9 1,644.9 1,131.3 1,155.5 1,159.3 1,149.4 1,167.0 Engines and turbines. 101.6 103.2 104.1 105.1 63.3 64.5 66.4 67.5 Agricultural machinery and tractors.... 149.6 149.3 171.5 173.0 102.9 101.7 124.6 127.1 Construction and mining machinery . 127.4 130.3 135.5 136.2 87.5 89.9 94.1 95.5 Metalworking machinery 265.I 263.5 239.3 239.4 196.1 195.7 175.5 176.3 Special-industry machinery (except metalworking machinery) , 177.5 176.5 165.9 166.2 124.0 123.5 114.9 115.6 General industrial machinery , 230.9 230.1 226.2 225.5 146.8 146.5 143.1 143.3 Office and store machines and devices... 140.4 138.9 129.8 132.6 93.0 92.3 87.7 90.2 Service-industry and household machines. 192.4 196.5 186.3 187.2 143.3 146.9 138.3 141.1 Miscel laneous machinery parts , 272.5 272.6 275.3 279.7 198.6 198.3 204.8 210.4

ELECTRICAL MACHINERY 1,286.8 1,295.7 1,289.6 1,241.6 1,232.6 843.0 858.4 855.1 835.9 832.5 Electrical generating, transmission, distribution, and industrial apparatus, 413.7 414.8 407.0 405.6 277.3 279.3 277.8 277.9 Electrical appliances , 39.1 38.9 36.9 37.0 29.3 29.1 27.3 27.5 Insulated wire and cable 28.6 28.6 26.9 27.9 21.8 22.0 20.4 21.4 Electrical equipment for vehicles , 71.3 70.9 68.6 69.8 54.6 54.3 52.9 54.3 Electric lamps 29.1 29.5 27.5 27.4 25.4 25.8 23.8 23.7 Communication equipment 664.5 658.O 625.8 615.8 413.7 408.8 397.9 391.8 Miscellaneous electrical products 49.4 48.9 48.9 49.1 36.3 35.8 35.8 35.9 TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT 1,579.6 1,606.4 1,652.8 1,692.8 1, 703.7 1,100.4 1,127.2 1,173.6 1,207.4 1,224.0 Motor vehicles and equipment 784.1 785.0 744.3 754.2 615.5 615.8 586.3 598.1 Aircraft and parts 616.7 658.3 735.6 735.3 345.6 388.0 448.6 451.3 Aircraft 433.4 434.0 213.8 371.2 381.4 223.5 264.8 266.0 Aircraft engines and parts 113.4 56.9 86.4 86.8 Aircraft propellers and parts 138.7 ft} 2.7 82.4 9.2 Other aircraft parts and equipment 8.3 14.1 ft}141.1 140.3 72.2 8.5 88.2 9.3 Ship and boat building and repairing.... 123.8 124.1 144.6 148.0 112.6 73.6 120.5 89.2 Ship building and repairing , 134.7 137.4 123.3 124.2 92.6 114.7 102.3 124.3 Boat building and repairing 112.3 21.3 23.8 93.0 18.2 103.5 111.4 20.0 21.7 Railroad equipment 23.3 25.1 57.7 55.8 45.5 43.2 20.8 Other transportation equipment 6O.7 61.6 46.7 8.8 41.7 10.6 10.4 10.2 10.5 8.0 8.4 8.6 INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS 349.4 224.2 220.8 227.7 Laboratory, scientific, and engineering 352.8 351.3 339.2 339.2 227.2 223.5 instruments , 35.8 35.5 Mechanical measuring and controlling 65.9 66.0 65.3 63.9 35.6 35.0 instruments 66.4 62.9 101.0 100.2 94.3 94.6 66.2 63.9 Optical instruments and lenses 18.6 18.4 15.3 15.0 12.7 10.3 10.1 Surgical, medical, and dental 12.8 instruments 45.8 45.1 42.0 43.5 30.5 30.2 27.7 29.4 Ophthalmic goods 27.0 27.6 25.6 25.7 21.0 21.5 20.1 20.2 Photographic apparatus 65.9 65.5 65.7 65.O 38.6 38.7 39.5 39.3 Watches and clocks 28.6 28.5 31.0 31.5 22.5 22.4 24.8 25.6

See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the 2 most recent months are preliminary

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Table B-2: Employees ii loiagriciKiral estailiskaeits, by

(In thousands) All employees Production workers1 Industry July June May July June July June May July June I960 I960 I960 1959 1959 I960 I960 I960 1959 1959

Durable Goods—Continued

MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES... 494.2 508.2 498.7 480.7 *85.2 391.2 404.9 397.3 380.2 385.3 Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware.... *5-9 *5-7 44.3 45.2 36.5 36.3 3*.5 35.5 Musical instruments and parts 18.6 18.6 15.5 15.7 15.2 15.3 12.3 12.6 Toys and sporting goods 98.1 93.2 86.1 87.5 83.2 78.5 72.6 73.7 Pens, pencils, other office supplies.... 31.9 31.6 31.1 30.8 23.8 23.6 22*9 22.7 Costume jewelry, buttons, notions 59.9 58.1 59.* 59.5 48.2 46.8 *7.7 *7.9 Fabricated plastics products 9**9 94.8 91.5 92.1 7*-3 74.2 71.6 72.3 Other manufacturing industries 158.9 156.7 152.8 154.4 123.7 122.6 118.6 120.6 Nondurable Goods

FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS 1,531.6 l,*67.9 1,414.9 1,516.0 1,*79.2 1,071.7 1,013.2 967.* 1,061.7 1,029.6 Meat products 303.9 297.2 306.3 305.8 242.2 235.7 245.2 244.5 Dairy products 102.0 97.8 104.3 104.4 70.3 66.7 72.0 72.3 Canning and preserving 205.3 184.7 253.7 214,2 170.6 150.8 218.6 179.9 Grain-^mill products 115.6 110.2 IO8.9 114.9 76.5 75.0 78.9 79.7 Bakery products 286.1 286.8 284.6 I63.8 160.9 162.5 162.3 Sugar.. 290.4 25.1 25.9 20.4 19.8 20.5 25.7 26.2 20.1 Confectionery and related products 69.5 68.3 71.0 55.* 5*.8 54.2 57.0 Beverages. 70.1 118.4 115.8 220.9 211.1 217.9 216.4 112.2 H6.0 Miscellaneous food products 141.3 95.6 9*.O 97.8 139.* 13*.5 137.6 91.5 TOBACCO MANUFACTURES 79-* 77.7 78.5 77.3 79.9 69.6 67.9 68.3 67.2, 69.9 Cigarettes 38.4 37.7 35.7 37.5 33.3 32.5 3p.5 32.4 Cigars 25.* 25.5 25.7 27.O 23.8 23.7 24.1 25.* Tobacco and snuff 6.2 6.8 6.2 6.9 5.2 5.2 5.7 5.8 Tobacco stemming and redrying 7.7 9.1 5.6 9.1 8.5 6.9 6.9 6.3 TEXT ILE-MILL PRODUCTS 942.1 960.8 956.3 964.7 975.1 847.8 866.0 862.9 872.I, 882.8 Scouring and combing plants 5.* 5.8 5.7 5.0 *.9 5.2 5.1 Yarn and thread mills 106^4 105.7 111.2 112.0 97.5 97.6 102.7 103.1 Broad-woven fabric mills 393.7 392.9 395.7 399.1 365.3 36*.7 367.7 30.2 371.3 Narrow fabrics and smallwares 29.5 29.3 29.8 25.8 25.6 26.1 26.6 Knitting mills 224.6 221.6 224.9 203.6 221*3 89.6 200.7 200.7 204.8 Dyeing and finishing textiles 90.0 89.9 77.7 Carpets, rugs, other floor coverings.... 88.4 *5-7 IF 76.4 77.6 44.1 44.9 36.3 37.2 38.0 Hats (except cloth and millinery) 45.6 10.2 8.9 38.0 10.2 10.1 9.8 8.9 9.0 Miscellaneous textile goods 56.8 56.5 57.7 *5.9 8.7 57.1 *5.6 46.6 *7.3 APPAREL AND OTHER FINISHED TEXTILE PRODUCTS 1A89.1 ,216.8 1,207.9 1,178.6 1,200.2 1,060.3 1,087.0 1,079.1 1,047.5 1,067.9 Men's and boys' suits and coats H6.3 115.0 104.6 H3.3 105.0 103.5 93.1 101.4 Men's and boys' furnishings and work clothing 358.5 353.7 339.0 3*0.5 327.1 322.9 309.0 310.5 Women ' s outerwear 330.2 328.1 330.5 336.7 295.* 293.0 293.3 299.* 118.5 100.0 Women's, children's under garments 118.4 112.7 116.8 105.5 105.5 104.4 Millinery 12.7 14.9 18.6 16.4 13.7 10.9 13.0 11.5 Children's outerwear 75.0 73.2 7*.5 66.0 68.5 7.2 76.8 67.2 65.5 7.8 Fur goods 6.9 10.0 9.9 5.3 Miscellaneous apparel and accessories... 61.8 59.6 57.7 55.8 5.2 51.8 136.6 60.7 Other fabricated textile products 138.I 131.0 131.8 114.8 53.8 110.1 110.1 H6.7 PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS. 559.3 566.8 562.7 561.3 565.0 443.8 *51.5 449.2 449.0 *53.3 Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills 278.2 274.4 276.9 277.9 225.6 222.8 225.9 227.O Paperboard containers and boxes 152.5 151.7 151.7 153.8 121.9 121.5 120.8 123.0 Other paper and allied products 136.1 136.6 132.7 133.3 104.0 104.9 102.3 103.3

PRINTING, PUBLISHING, AND ALLIED INDUSTRIES 889.I 890.8 864.8 862.8 563.7 566.8 552.1 55*.9 Newspapers... 331.3 329 323.6 322.0 164.0 159.9 I6O.7 Periodicals 62.2 62.7 60.9 60.6 26! 27.0 25.3 25.8 Books 62.2 62.2 57.1 57.1 37.7 37.* 34.4 35.2 Commercial printing 184.2 229.7 227.3 222.9 222.6 182.5 178.8 178.9 Lithographing 68.4 66.0 51.9 51.8 *9.9 68.5 65.6 *9.7 Greeting cards 20.6 20.9 20.8 15.* 14.6 15.5 21.4 46.0 Bookbinding and related industries 48.0 45.8 38.2 37.7 15.3 36.3 Miscellaneous publishing and printing 48.5 36.O services* 67.O 67.3 68.0 67.7 51.* 51.8 52.7 52.6

See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the 2 most recent months are preliminary.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 15 Current Industry Employment

Table B-2: Employees ii Miafriciltiral establishments, by iidustry-Csitiiaed

(In thousands) All employees Production workers! Industry Jane June June June I960 1959 I960 1959 Nondurable Goods—Continued

CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS 878.O 877.3 879.6 81*7.8 81*3.2 51*3.2 51*1.1 51*6.7 526.6 526.9 Industrial Inorganic chemicals 105.6 10U.7 103.6 102.2 69.6 69.2 68.9 68.1 Industrial organic chemicals 31*3.3 31*0.2 330.2 326.7 211.6 210.0 205.7 2Ol*.t* Drugs and medicines. 106.7 105.1* 101*. 8 103.2 57.6 56.6 57.2 56.8 Soap, cleaning and polishing preparations 53.2 52.8 51.0 50.9 31.3 30.8 30.2 30.3 Paints, pigments, and fillers...... 78.5 77.8 75.2 75.9 1*6.6 1*6.3 1*5.0 U5.U Gum and wood chemicals.... 7.8 6.1* 6.1* 6.1 8.0 7.9 6.5 Fertilizers. l*l*.l 31.6 25.8 3l*.l 21.7 21*. 3 35.7 Vegetable and animal oils and fats.. 37.5 37.3 37.6 23.9 21*. 9 2l*.l* 2l*.7 Miscellaneous chemicals 36.5 68.2 66.8 109.2 105.3 105.1 68.1* 66.5 109.8 PRODUCTS OF PETROLEUM AND COAL.. 230.7 232.0 231.9 237.5 238.3 151*. 8 155.5 151*. 9 158.2 160.1* Petroleum refining 183.8 183.2 189.3 190.2 117.8 116.7 120.1* 122.3 Coke, other petroleum and coal products 1*8.2 1*8.7 1*8.2 1*8.1 37.7 38.2 37.8 38.1

RUBBER PRODUCTS.. 256.5 258.3 257.1 261*. 0 255.8 191*. 7 198.3 197.6 203.1* 196.1 Tires and inner tubes. 103.7 103.lt 106.7 97.0 76.9 77.0 79.7 70.7 Rubber footwear 22.0 21.9 22.5 22.3 18.2 18.1 18.3 18.2 Other rubber products. 132.6 331.8 331*. 8 136.5 103.2 102.5 105.1* 107.2

LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS 361.1 365.5 357.6 375.1 37I+.1* 319.1* 323.1 315.2 33l*.6 333.9 Leather: tanned, curried, and finished. 3k.$ 31*. 0 36.9 37.1* 30.2 29.7 32.1* 33.1 Industrial leather belting and packing. k.3 1*.2 5.0 5.1 3.2 3.1 3.9 U.0 16.6 Boot and shoe cut stock and findings.. 19.1* 18.7 19.6 19.9 17.2 17.6 17.9 227.0 Footwear (except rubber) 21*5.2 238.8 252.2 252.2 218.7 212.3 227.3 Luggage .' 16.0 15.8 15.5 15.3 13.7 13.5 13.2 13.0 Handbags and small leather goods 26.0 25.0 30.3 30.2 30.2 28.8 26.2 26.3 Gloves and miscellaneous leather goods. 11*. 0 13.9 15.8 15.9 15.7 15.7 33.9 33.9

TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES. 3,933 3,91*2 3,921* 3,91*9

TRANSPORTATION 2,565 2,590 2,585 2,589 2,602 Interstate railroads 919.1 960.1* 967.8 Class I railroads. 807.1* 801*9 81*6.2 850.3 Local railways and bus lines 91.1+ 91.3 92.3 92.5 Trucking and warehousing 886.3 880.3 855.7 853.9 Other transportation and services.... 693.$ 698.6 680.1 687.6 Bus lines, except local U0.9 1*0.0 1*2.3 1*1.2 Air transportation (common carrier). 151.2 153.0 11*6.6 3i*5.l* Pipe-line transportation (except natural gas) 2U.6 2l*.l 25.9 25.6

COMMUNICATION. I 750 71*5 71*1 750 71*1* Telephone... 708.1 701*. 0 711.7 705.7 Telegraph... 36.6 36.6 37.2 37.3

OTHER PUBLIC UTILITIES 618 607 598 610 598 537 529 51*1* 533 Gas and electric utilities 582.8 57l*.6 585.7 57l*.7 515.7 508.0 522.6 512.0 Electric light and power utilities. 257.5 259.1* 258.2 221.2 218.2 226.2 221*. 7 Gas utilities. 155.5 153^2 156.3 151*.6 138.8 11*0.7 139.3 Electric light and gas utilities 136.9 combined 169.8 163.3 170.0 161.9 155.7 155.7 l!*8.0 Local utilities, not elsewhere 152.9 classified 23.9 23.7 23.9 23.6 21.1 21.3 21.0 20.9

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE. 11,586 11,620 n,5l*3 11,321* 11,352

WHOLESALE TRADE 3,3i*O 3,128 3,in 3,069 3,051+ 2,688 2,670 2,61*6 2,637 Wholesalers, full-service and limited- function 1,866.1* 1,851.1* 1,820.6 1,813.2 1,621.2 1,606.3 1,589.1* l,581*.l* Automot ive....f 3i*0.5 337.3 135.7 121.6 121.0 119.6 118.1 Groceries, food specialties, beer, mi. 3 wines, and liquors , 315.U 313.0 305.5 306.6 280.1* 277.9 273.1 271*. 1 Electr.ical goods, machinery, hardware, and plumbing equipment 1*58.1* 1*55.2 1*52.0 1*1*9.2 391*. 7 392.1* 391.1* 389.0 Other full-service and limited- function wholesalers 951.3 91*2.7 925.8 921.7 821*. 5 815.0 805.3 803.2 Wholesale distributors, other 1,261.9 1,259.3 1,21*8.6 1,21*0.9 1,066.8 1,063.7 1,056.1 1,052.1

See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Da^a for the 2 most recent months are preliminary.

561163 O- 60 -4

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Current Industry Employment 16 Table B-2: Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry-Continued

{In thousands] Production workers 1 Industry July June June July June 1Q6O 1959 I960 1959 1959 WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE—Continued

RETAIL TRADE 8,1*6 8,1*92 8,432 8,255 8,298 General merchandise stores 1,425.8 1,457.0 1,465.6 1,396.7 1,422.4 1,355.3 1,362.4 1,301.5 1,326.4 Department stores and general mail-order houses 928.9 932.1 898.7 913.2 857.3 859.^ 830.4 844.7 Other general merchandise stores 528.1 533.5 498.O 509.2 498.O 503.0 471.1 481.7 1,664.0 1,616.6 1,508.6 1,468.4 Food and liquor stores , 1,657.4 1,648.7 1,600.3 1,516.1 1A89.9 Grocery, meat, and vegetable markets. 1,204.5 1,200.7 1,158.4 1,173.4 1,126.2 1,080.8 1,100.7 Dairy-product stores and dealers , 227.3 222.8 231.0 228.1 1,129.8 I88.7 199.5 196.9 Other food and liquor stores 225.6 225.2 210.9 215.1 191.9 193.7 188.1 192.3 Automotive and accessories dealers..... 823.O 826.3 819.O 798.9 796.1 194.4 722.5 708.6 705.3 Apparel and accessories stores 592.8 626.7 572.1 602.2 728.3 570.2 521.0 550.5 2 3,940.2 628.4 3,860.8 Other retai1 trade 3,923.0 3,872.2 3,887.0 571.7 2,095.4 2,110.9 2,090.6 Furniture and appliance stores , 399.0 389.5 387.8 2,127.2 358.7 352.1 351.0 Drug stores 396.4 375.5 398.0 392.0 384.4 357.1 371.6 363.3 355.3 377.7 FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE 2,527 2,495 2,469 2,475 2,442 Banks and trust companies 671.5 662.9 649.8 638.4 Security dealers and exchanges 100.5 99.9 97.4 95.1 Insurance carriers and agents 930.4 922.3 914.1 Other finance agencies and real estate 793.0 902.4 783.5 813.4 806.5

SERVICE AND MISCELLANEOUS. 6,721 6,746 6,717 6,603 6,623 Hotels and lodging places... 525.3 497.1 602.6 532.7 Personal services: Laundri es 314.2 311.5 317.5 316.9 Cleaning and dyeing plants. 179.9 179.4 169.3 176.0 Motion pictures 190.0 190.3 192.9 191.1

GOVERNMENT. 8,136 8,405 8,449 7,837 8,065 FEDERAL3 . 2,195 2,204 2,212 2,190 2,185 Executive 2,176.6 2,184.6 2,162.0 2,156.9 Department of Defense.. 922.8 917.1 949.6 948.1 Post Office Department. 560.0 549.4 547.3 693.8 553.3 663.O Other agencies 714.2 661.5 Legislative 22.8 22.7 22.8 Judicial 22.5 4.8 h.9 4.8 STATE AND LOCAL. 5,94l 6,201 6,237 5,647 5,880 State 1,570.9 1,578.8 1,480.1 1,519.1 Local 4,630.1 4,658.0 4,166.7 4,360.7 Education. 2,978.5 2,335.5 2,617.5 Other 3,258.3 3,311.3 3,262.3 *For mining and manufacturing, data refer to production and related workers; for contract construction, to construction workers; and for all other industries, to nonsupervisory workers. 2Data for nonsupervisory workers exclude eating and drinking places. *Data are prepared by the U.S. Civil Service Commission and relate to civilian employment only. NOTE: Data for the 2 most recent months are preliminary. Data relate to the United States without Alaska and Hawaii.

Table B-3: Federal military personnel

(In thousands)

1 June May June June May June Branch I960 I960 1959 Branch i960 I960 1959 TOTAL 2,508 2,496 2,535 Navy 617.6 611.5 626.3

873.1 868.1 862.0 Marine Corps 170.6 171.3 175.6

Air Force 816.5 814.2 840.4 Coast Guard 30.5 30.5 30.4 Data refer to forces both in continental United States and abroad. NOTE: Data for the current month are preliminary. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Defense and U.S. Department of Treasury.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 17 Seasonally Adjusted- Table B-4: Employees ii nonagricultural establishments, Industry Employment by industry division and selected groups, seasonally adjusted

(In thousands,) All employees Production workers Industry division and group July June June I960 i960 i960

Total 53,395 53,362 53,344 Total without Alaska and Hawaii1. 53,133 53,11** 53,105

Mining 659 676 681*

Contract construction. 2,862 2,796 2,783

Manufacturing 16,489 16,540 12,333 12,405 12,476 Durable goods 9,444 9,494 9,537 7,000 7,052 7,106 Nondurable goods. 6,973 6,995 7,003 5,333 5,353 5,370

Durable Goods

Ordnance and accessories 13k 150 ll*9 61 72 73 Lumber and wood products 665 667 658 597 599 590 Furniture and fixtures 399 4oi 396 334 336 332 Stone, clay, and glass products 567 558 558 460 453 452 Primary metal industries 1,168 1,202 1,230 936 969 998 Fabricated metal products 1,091 1,091 1,085 849 845 841 Machinery (except electrical) 1,653 1,61*6 1,650 1,148 1,145 1,148 Electrical machinery 1,318 1,305 1,299 874 867 864 Transportation equipment 1,580 1,606 1,653 1,100 1,127 1,174 Instruments and related products 354 354 352 229 228 229 Miscellaneous manufacturing industries 515 514 507 412 411 405

Nondurable Goods

Pood and kindred products • 1,482 ,7 1,022 1,029 1,035 Tobacco manufactures 88 90 80 78 79 Textile-mill products. 968 961 960 874 866 867 Apparel and other finished textile products. ,242 1,263 1,266 1,110 1,132 1,136 Paper and allied products 563 567 568 448 452 454 Printing, publishing, and allied industries. 895 891 889 570 570 570 Chemicals and allied products 889 887 885 554 549 550 Products of petroleum and coal 228 230 231 152 154 154 Rubber products 263 258 258 201 198 199 Leather and leather products 364 368 369 322 325 326

Transportation and public utilities. 3,904 3,926 3,927 Transportation 2,552 2,577 2,585 Communication 743 745 71*1 Other public utilities 609 604 601

Wholesale and retail trade. 11,731 11,695 11,675 Wholesale trade 3,156 3,160 3,158 Retail trade 8,575 8,535 8,517 Finance, insurance, and real estate. 2,477 2A70 2,469

Service and miscellaneous 6,688 6,646 6,618

Government 8,395 8,1*16 8,1*09 Federal 2,206 2,215 2,234 State and local. 6,189 6,201 6,175 1Detail adds to the total without Alaska and Hawaii. NOTE: Data for the 2 most recent months are preliminary.

Table B-5: Employees in private and Government shipyards, by region (In thousands) Region June I960 May I960 June 1959 Private Navy Private Navy Navy

ALL REGIONS. 203.7 111.4 92.3 112.3 91.6 217.4 124.2 93.2

North Atlantic2. 84.4 43.0 41.4 84.6 43.5 41.1 100.6 59.9 40.7 South Atlantic.. 38.4 20.1 18.3 38.3 20.0 18.3 " 37.0 18.3 18.7 Gulf 21,9 21.9 23.7 23.7 22.1 22.1 Pacific 51.0 18.4 32.6 49.3 17.1 32.2 49.6 15.8 33.8 Great Lakes 4.4 4,4 4.3 4.3 3.8. 3.8 Inland .....

! Jus. The North Atlantic region includes all yards bordering on the Atlantic in Conn., Del., Maine, Md., Mass., N.H., N. J., N,Y. , Pa., R.I., Vt. The South Atlantic region includes all yards bordering on the Atlantic in Ga., N.C., S.C., Va. The Gulf region includes all yards in Fla. , and all yards bordering on the.Gui'f of Mexico in Ala., La., Miss., Tex. The Pacific region includes all yards in Calif., Oregon., Wash. The Great Lakes region includes all yards bordering on the Great Lakes in 111., Mich., Minn., N.Y.,Ohio, Pa., Wis. The Inland region includes all other yards. 2Navy data include Curtis Bay Coast Guard Yard. NOTE: Data for the current month are preliminary.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 18

Table B-6: Wuei employees in •aiifactiriig, by Mistry

Percent Percent Number of total Number of total (in thousands) employ- Industry (in thousands) employ- Industry ment ment Apr. Apr. I960 1959 I960 1959

MANUFACTURING 4,248 4,l43 Durable Goods —Con tinned

DURABLE GOODS 1,698 1,639 MACHINERY (EXCEPT ELECTRICAL) 228.1 220.0 14 NONDURABLE GOODS 2,550 2,505 Engines and turbines.. 14.6 15.2 15 Agricultural machinery and tractors... 12.9 13.2 8 Durable Gooda Construction and mining machinery 10.9 10.5 8 Metalworking machinery 31.0 28.4 12 ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES 28.5 26.2 19 19 Special-industry machinery.(except metalworking machinery) 18.1 17.1 11 General industrial machinery..... 30.5 29.0 13 LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS 43.4 42.9 Office and store machines and devices. 35.4 33.6 26 Logging camps and contractors , 1.4 1.3 Service-industry and household Sawmills and planing mills 12.4 12.5 machines 26.7 25.3 14 Millwork, plywood, prefabricated Miscellaneous machinery parts.... 48.0 47.7 18 structural wood products 9-4 9.8 Wooden containers 8.0 8.2 Miscellaneous wood products 12.2 11.1 ELECTR I CAL MACH INERY • 490.0 453.7 38 38 Electrical generating, transmission, distribution*, and industrial FURNITURE AND FIXTURES 64.0 65.3 app ar atus < 131.3 122.2 31 Household furniture lf6.0 1*7.8 Electrical appliances. 12.3 11.6 32 Office, public-building, and Insulated wire and cable 7.1 6.8 24 professional furniture , 5.7 Electrical equipment for vehicles 27.7 26.7 38 Partitions, shelving, lockers, and Electric lamps 19.7 17.3 fixtures • • 3.3 Communication equipment 276.2 252.6 8 Screens, blinds, and miscellaneous Miscellaneous electrical products 15.7 16.5 35 furniture and fixtures 9.0 8.7

TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT. 190.8 194.1 11 STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS...... 90.8 88.8 16 16 Motor vehicles and equipment 76.7 71.8 10 Flat glass 1.3 Aircraft and parts 103.0 111.5 15 Glass and glassware, pressed or \ 1.6 Ship and boat building and repairing., 4.9 4.8 8 blown » Railroad equipment 4.1 4.0 Glass products made of purchased 31.8 2.0 20 Other transportation equipment , 2,1 glass 4.6 Cement, hydraulic 1.1 4.9 Structural clay products 6.7 1.1 INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS 117.6 111.7 33 34 Pottery and related products 15.8 7.0 Laboratory, scientific, and engi- Concrete, gypsum, and plaster neering instruments 14.6 14.0 22 23 products 7.1 15-V Mechanical measuring and controlling Cut-stone and stone products .7 6.8 instruments 31.6 29.6 33 Miscellaneous nonmetallic mineral .7 Optical instruments and lenses 5.4 4.6 30 products 19.0 19.5 20 Surgical, medical, and dental instruments 21.6 19.5 46 Ophthalmic goods. .. 11.5 10.7 43 PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES 70.7 68.9 Photographic apparatus 17.3 17.3 27 Blast furnaces, steel works, and Watches and clocks • 15.6 16.0 53 rolling mills 23.6 22.8 Iron and steel foundries. » 10.5 10.1 Primary smelting and refining of MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES 188.6 178.4 38 nonferrous metals. 2.1 1.9 Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware.. 17.9 17.1 38 Secondary smelting and refining of Musical instruments and parts , 4.7 4.2 24 nonferrous metals 1.0 .9 Toys and sporting goods 38.8 35.8 45 Rolling, drawing, and alloying of Pens, pencils, other office supplies., 16.1 15.2 50 nonferrous metals 9.8 9.6 Costume jewelry, buttons, notions...., 30.4 29.5 51 Nonferrous foundries 7.5 8.0 Fabricated plastics products '. 29.9 28.8 32 Miscellaneous primary metal Other manufacturing industries 50.8 47.8 32 industries 16.2 15.6

nondurable Gooda FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS I85.6 188.8 Tin cans and other tinware 13.7 14.2 Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware... 38.2 38.9 FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS 340.6 335.8 24 Heating apparatus (except electric) Meat products 71.0 71.6 24 and plumbers' supplies 13.6 13.7 Dairy products 20.0 19.8 21 Fabricated structural metal products 20.9 21.0 Canning and preserving 76.3 74.2 41 Metal stamping, coating, and Grain-mill products 16.8 16.6 15 engraving.... 42.2 44.5 Bakery products 60.3 56.6 20 Lighting fixtures. 14.0 14.3 Sugar 2.7 2.7 11 Fabricated wire products 11* .2 13.9 Confectionery and related products 34.3 33.7 48 Miscellaneous fabricated metal Beverages , 21.5 21.3 11 products. , 28.8 28.3 21 Miscellaneous food products , 37.7 39.3 29

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 19 Women Table B-6: Women employees in manufacturing, by iidnstry-CoitiiieJ

Percent Percent Number of total Number of total (in thousands) employ- (in thousands) employ- Industry Industry ment ment Apr. TprT Apr. Apr, pr Apr. Apr. Apr. I960 1959 I960 1959 1959 I960 1959 I960 Nondurable Goods—Continued Nondurable Goods—Continued

TOBACC/) MANUFACTURES 39.2 1*1.1 PRINTING, PUBLISHING, AND ALLIED Cigarettes 15.1* 15.9 INDUSTRIES—Continued Cigars 19.1 20.6 Lithographing 19.0 17.6 Tobacco and snuff • . 2.5 2.8 Greeting cards 12.7 11.6 V Tobacco stemming and redrying...... 2.2 1.8 Bookbinding and related industries.... 19.7 19.0 62 Miscellaneous publishing and printing 1*1 services. 15.8 17.5 26 TEXT ILE-MILL PRODUCTS 1*11.6 1*16.2 Scouring and combing plants 1.0 .9 Yarn and thread mills k$.k 1*7.1* CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS 158.3 152.6 18 Broad-woven fabric mills 31*7.8 150.9 Industrial inorganic chemicals 9.0 8.3 8 Narrow fabrics and smallwares.. 15.8 16.0 Industrial organic chemicals 1*8.0 1*6.1 31* Knitting mills 151.6 31*9.9 Drugs and medicines. 38.9 38.1* 37 Dyeing and finishing textiles 19.3 19.1 Soap, cleaning and polishing Carpets, rugs, other floor coverings 11.1 11.7 preparations , 12.8 11.7 23 Hats (except cloth andvmillinery)... k.2 Paints, pigments, and fillers 10.7 10.6 Miscellaneous textile goods 15.1* 16*. 2 Gum and wood chemicals .5 Fertilizers 4 2.3 Vegetable and animal oils and fats.... 1 3.3 3.1* Miscellaneous chemicals . . 9 APPAREL AND OTHER FINISHED TEXTILE 32.6 31.3 30 PRODUCTS 971.6 91*6.0 Men's and boys' suits and coats 77.2 72.1 66 Men's and boys' furnishings and PRODUCTS OF PETROLEUM AND COAL.. 17.1 17.2 work clothing 296.8 278.6 Petroleum refining. 33.8 3l*.l* Women's outerwear. 283.0 283.7 Coke, other petroleum and coal Womeri's, children's under garments.. 10U.2 102.6 products 3.3 2.8 Millinery 13.2 12.6 Children's outerwear $9.9 61.2 Fur goods 1.7 1.9 RUBBER PRODUCTS 61*. 0 58.0 Miscellaneous apparel and accessories 1*7.0 1*5.7 Tires and inner tubes. 31*. 1 33.3 Other fabricated textile products... Rubber footwear 12.3 9.0 52 88.6 87.6 Other rubber products. 37.6 35.7 28 PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS 118.3 116.1* Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills... 31.0 30.6 LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS 185.8 187.8 52 Paperboard containers and boxes 36.7 37.1* Leather: tanned, curried, and Other paper and allied products 50.6 1*8.1* finished k.2 k.6 12 Industrial leather belting and packing 1.1* 1.8 37 PRINTING, PUBLISHING, AND ALLIED Boot and shoe cut stock and findings. 7.9 8.2 1*3 INDUSTRIES 21*3.1 233.5 Footwear (except rubber) 135.2 138.2 Newspapers 59.0 Luggage 7.1 7.0 a Periodicals 30.2 28*5 Handbags and -small leather goods 20.U 19.2 Books 29.1 26.0 Gloves and miscellaneous leather 67 Commercial printing 57.6 55.6 goods 9.6 8.8 60 NOTE: Data relate to the United States without Alaska and Hawaii.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 20 State Industry Employment

Table B-7: Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry division and State

(In thousands) Mining Contract construction June June June May June June June I960 19S9 I960 I960 . 1959 I960 I960 1959 Alabama.. . . 757.5 758.1 7U8.7 12.7 1*6.0 1*1*. 0 1*6.1 Arizona. .. . 323.2 325.5 300.2 16.1 30.8 30.7 26.0 Arkansas. . . 361*. 0 361*. 2 356.9 6.1* 21.7 20.0 20.0 California. M2U.6 1*, 777.0 U, 662.0 33.3 308.2 302. k 293.6 Colorado... 501.6 1*88.8 1*96.1 15.1; 36.2 32.9 38.0 Connecticut (1) 899.2 887.5 (2) (1) 1*6.9 1*1*. 1 Delaware. 155.2 152.3 153.5 (3) 12.5 12.1 13.1 District of Columbia. 519.1+ 518.3 515.7 (3) 22.5 21.7 22.9 Florida 1,259.2 1,280.8 1,222.5 7.6 ID4.6 ID.*.!* 130.1 57.0 55.8 60.5 Georgia 1,020.6 1,022.1+ 1,007.2 5.7 Idaho 155.U 153.0 157.6 3.6 11.1 10.5 11.6 Illinois. 3,1*1*5.1 3,1+29.0 3,1+57.1* 29.7 181.0 178.3 178.7 Indiana. . 1,1+19.7 1,1*12.9 1,10.8.3 10.7 72.1 66.8 66.6 Iowa 678.5 67U.2 U.2 1*2.5 38.0 1*3.6 32.6 Kansas. . . 55i*.5 552.0 560.1; 18.9 31*. 8 39.9 Kentucky 637.0 639.8 638.1 29.1 36.7 3l*.5 1*0.1 Louisiana >. 778.0 776.5 778.8 1*6.7 55.6 55.3 60.3 Maine 286.0 273.6 283.3 CO 16.5 15.2 16.5 Maryland 901.7 893.1; 898.5 2.1* 66.7 63.7 68.7 Massachusetts * 1,903.0 1,881.1 1.890.9 (3) 85.6 82.2 89.1

Michigan 2,283.0 2,281*.l 2,303.5 15.9 99.3 98.6 108.8 Minnesota 9hO.k 930.3 936.3 19.7 63.5 55.3 61.8 Mississippi 396.3 397.6 388.6 6.3 25.2 23.9 26.0 Missouri 1,315.1; 1,305.8 1,319.8 8.2 61.7 58.1* 69.h Mont ana 167.1 160.8 169.3 8.9 12.1 10.1} 13.1 Nebraska 372.7 370.1} 370.3 3.1 23.5 22.6 2U.2 Nevada 101.9 98.8 97.3 3.2 7.5 7.5 7.5 New Hampshire. 197.1 192.2 193.8 .3 9.$ 8.9 9.8 New Jersey. . . . 1,99U.7 1,977.1* 1,958.6 3.7 106.0 10U.7 96.1 20.2 New Mexico. . . . 239.1+ 236.2 235.0 19.5 19.6 22.6 10.6 New York 6,236.3 6,202.1; 9tUU 295.2 286.3 289.9 North Carolina. 1,11*6.1 1,150.9 1,123.0 3.1 66.0 6U.6 63.8 North Dakota... 130.1; 126. k 131.2 2.1* 13.2 11.3 15.1 Ohio 20.5 159.1* 152.7 157.2 3,11+8.9 3,ll*l+.7 3,138.9 Oklahoma 572.0 1*9.5 33.2 32.2 37.1 570.6 567.8 Oregon 5H.3 1*96.1 5OU.3 1.2 28.3 25.8 25.0 Pennsylvania. . . 3,695.8 3,688.1 3,71*0.7 67.6 185.3 175.6 192.0 Rhode Island... 281.U 278.6 282.0 (3) 12.9 12.3 13.1 South Carolina. 558.6 557.9 51*l*.l* 1.6 38.9 38.3 32.6 South Dakota... 11*0.5 136.8 139.0 2.6 11.6 10.9 11.3 Tennessee. 89U.1 887.1 888.0 8.0 5o.l* 1*6.8 1*8.7 Texas 2,5H*.6 2,506.9 2,1*88.5 132.1 172.1 167.7 175.5 4 Utah| . . . 266.6 26U.3 261.2 li*.7 16.1 15.1 16.8 Vermont... 108.9 106.0 109.6 1.2 6.9 6.3 Virginia.. 995.8 17.1* 77.1* 76.1 7.1* 1,015.3 l,om. 5 72.8 Washington.... 816.5 805.0 809.5 1.7 50.1 1*7.9 1*6.8 West Virginia. 1*56.8 1*58.0 1*62.6 63.1 20.1* 19.3 20.3 Wisconsin l 60.6 ^k.9 59.3 1,190.8 1,172.7 I,l81i.7 Wyoming 97.2 93.5 10.7 11.1 9.9 93.2 See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the current month are preliminary.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 21 State Industry Employment Table 6-7: Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry division and State-Continued

(In thousands) Transportation and Manufacturing Wholesale and retail trade public utilities June June June May June June June I960 1959 I960 I960 1959 i960 1959 Alabama... . 238.1 2U0.1 1*9.1* 1*9.1* U9, 151.1 150.2 11*6.1; Arizona. ... 1*9.3 1*7.1 25.2 21*. 5 2l*.l 78.6 78.6 72.5 Arkansas. . . 102.2 100.5 28.1; 28.1 28.3 81.6 81.5 80.3 California. l,28l.U 1,281;. 6 356.1* 353.1* 352.1 1,069.1* 1,012.9 Colorado... 8$. 8 82.6 1*3.1* 1,01*8.6 119.5 ll 119.1* 12.7.3 Connecticut...... (1) 1*01;. 8 (1) 1*1*. 7 1*1*. 6 (1) 156.1* 152.8 Delaware. 60.3 59.7 10.8 10.8 ll.l 28.9 28.1; 28.0 District of Columbia 20.1 20.1 28.3 28.3 28.2 8U.1 81*.O 82.5 Florida 202.7 98.7 97.1 31*9.2 359.U 193.9 98.1 332.2 Georgia 335.2 72.5 72.9 71.7 223.8 223.1 337.8 215.0 Idaho.. . . 30.1 30.3 15.3 15.0 15.3 38.9 38.5 39.2 Illinois. 1,192.8 1,233.7 288.1* 286.3 289.0 727.5 723.8 718.6 Indiana.. 59U.1 608.9 93.0 93.3 96.3 275.7 271*. 9 273.2 Iowa 177.2 180.8 56.1 51*. 9 55.3 170.1* 169.6 167.0 Kansas. . . l 55.2 129.8 121.0 5U.1* 56.3 128.1* 127.5 Kentucky 167.1 I69.O 170.5 52.0 51.7 53.U 11*0.0 139.9 136.3 Louisiana li+3.3 11+2.2 ll*l*.9 85.1* 85.3 85.3 181;. 8 181*. 5 181.1; Maine. 109.1 101.1; 108.8 18.1 17.7 18.1* 55.o 51*. 0 51*. 7 Maryland 259.1* 257.9 267.3 73.2 73.2 72.9 191.2 187.8 187.3 Massachusetts. 693.0 687.1 699.2 107.6 106.8 108.8 393.5 387.1* 385.2 Michigan 952.7 958.1 968.5 136.9 136.8 11*0.5 1*29.6 1*31.1 1*1*0.9 Minnesota... 229.3 227.5 226.5 85.lt 81*.l* 86.7 229.5 227.7 229.1 Mississippi. 119.0 118.2 117.2 25.U 25.1 25.1 8)4.5 81;. 0 82.6 Missouri.... 396.U 391.8 395.2 120.6 119.7 123.6 303.2 301.1 305.3 Montana 21.0 19.8 20.5 19.7 19.3 20.1 38.7 38.5 39.9 Nebraska 65.8 6)4.5 6U.8 38.3 37.5 39.1 90.1* 90.5 90.8 Nevada 5.3 5.2 5.6 9.$ 9.1* 9.U 21.1* 20.6 20.2 New Hampshire. 87.9 86.9 87.lt 9.8 9.8 10.0 31*. 5 33.7 33.0 New Jersey. . . . 365.1 793.7 787.5 798.5 11*9.3 H

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 22 stry Employment Table B-7: Employees in iionasricultnral establishments, by industry division and State-Continued

(In thousands) Finance, irsurance, Government and real estate Service and miscellaneous June June June June May June I960 I960 1959 Alabama 29.8 29.1* 30.3 71*. 5 71*. 1 7U.1 156.0 158.8 11*9.9 Arizona.... Hi.6 lii.5 13.5 1*3.1 1*3.7 39.6 65.8 68.7 61.3 Arkansas... 12.1 12.0 11.9 1*2.6 1*2.1 1*1.7 69.0 72.6 67.8 California. 2U0.0 238.7 226.5 651.8 61*3.2 617.1* 885.7 881.1* 8U1.6 Colorado... 23.7 23.5 23.8 70.7 68.3 69.8 101;. 6 101;. 1 102.5 Connecticut (1) 51.0 1*9.6 (1) 103.3 101.5 (1) 93.6 90.0 Delaware 5.8 5.7 5.8 17.9 16.9 17.7 19.0 19.0 18.1 District of Columbia 25.1* 25.2 26.2 80.2 79.7 76.9 258.8 259.3 258.9 Florida 7U.0 73.6 72.0 193.5 198.8 182.1; 218.6 220.7 207.2 Georgia 1*3.1 1*2.8 1*1.8 97.0 97.1 96.0 186.2 188.5 178.7 Idaho.... S.h 18.8 18.5 19.2 33.1* 32.7 33.0 Illinois. 176.3 17U. 176.2 1*31*.!* 1*29.3 1*21*. 1 1*16.9 1*17.1 1*07.1* Indiana.. 5U.3 53.9 52.6 129.5 129.7 126.1 190.6 190.2 183.8 Iowa 31.0 30.1 87.0 88.6 83.1 116.1 119.0 110.3 Kansas... 22.1 21.7 29.9 68.1* 67.0 110.6 11U.8 105.9 21.6 68.5 Kentucky 22.7 22.3 22.1 78.8 81.7 76.8 109.6 110.9 109.8 Louisiana 32.3 32.0 31.1* 92.1 92.2* 90.1; 11*1.9 11*3.2 138.1* Maine 8.8 8.8 8.7 30.5 28.6 30.U 1*8.0 1*7.9 1*5.8 Maryland5 ... 1*3.1 1*2.5 1*2.2 117.6 116.U lll*.l 31*8.1 11*9.5 11*3.6 Massachusetts. 98.2 97.5 96.0 280.5 275.2 27l*.l* 2UU.6 21*1*. 9 238.2 Michigan.... 76.8 76.5 75.5 235.5 235.0 235.9 335.6 331.7 317.5 Minnesota... U6.U 1*5.7 1*5.2 122.4 121;. 0 121.1 11*6.1* 11*6.5 11*6.3 Mississippi. 12.1 12.1 n.7 38.8 39.1 38.3 81;. 9 88.8 81.3 Missouri 66.2 65.1 66.6 161U 165.0 161;. 2 195.2 196.9 187.3 Montana 6.3 6.3 6.2 21.1* 20.U 21.8 1*0.3 38.6 38.8 Nebraska 21.3 20.8 20.7 53.0 52.9 52.5 77.2 78.6 75.2 Nevada 3.2 3.1 2.9 33.3 31.2 30.8 18.3 18.1; 17.7 New Hampshire. 7.2 7.1 6.9 25.2 22.9 21-. 2 22.6 22.6 22.2 New Jersey.... 89.1* 89.1 88.6 21*1.1* 237.6 232.7 237.6 238.3 231.6 New Mexico.... 8.6 8.5 8.7 36.8 35.9 31*. 9 63.8 63.5 60.5 New York U82.U 1*81.0 1*70.8 960.1 91*9.2 936.1 821.0 821.1 793.1* North Carolina. 39.0 38.5 36, U 107.1* 106.1; 106.7 156.5 166.5 151.1 North Dakota. . . 5.0 5.0 1*.9 19.0 19.0 18.6 32.1 31.2 31.8 Ohio 115.3 113.1* 111.3 373.7 373.1* 360.1 l;00.6 1*01.9 391.1 Oklahoma 21*. 5 21*. 1* 2k. 3 6U.U 61*. 5 65.6 131.5 133.1; 125.5 Oregon 20.0 19.8 19.5 60.2 58.9 58.6 9U.I* 93.9 91.1 Pennsylvania... 1U7.U 11*5.8 11*5.7 1*58.9 1*56.2 1*53.1 1*31.8 U36.6 1*27.2 Rhode Island... 12.1 12.0 12.1 33.0 32.8 32.6 37.9 37.9. 37.1* South Carolina. 17.0 16.9 16.6 1*1*.5 1*1*.!* 111*. 3 92.8 91*. 2 90.2 South Dakota. .. 19.6 39.8 5.7 5.1* 19.0 19.1 38.7 38.5 Tennessee.. 35.1 31*. 8 31*. 0 101.3 101.5 101.0 11*2.5 1)43.2 11*5.5 Texas 120.5 118.5 117.1 307.1 30^.7 299.1 1*25.3 1*32.2 1*11.2 Utah * n.2 11.2 10.9 31*. 2 33.3 33.5 60.8 63.2 59.6 Vermont.... 3.8 3.8 16.3 16.2 16.1 16.2 5 3.8 15.0 15.9 Virginia 1*2.9 1*2.2 1*1.9 113.2 112.5 111.3 193.8 196.5 189.7 Washington.... 37.9 37.3 37.2 98.8 97.1 91*. 8 165.1 166.1 161;. 2 West Virginia. 12.3 12.1 12.1* 1*5.1* 1*5.1* 61.1 65.0 59.6 Wisconsin 1*3.1 1*2.2 1*2.0 2M.3 11*3.8 11*0.6 160.2 157.2 155.0 Wyoming 2.6 21.1; 20.6 2.7 2.7 12.1; 10.5 11.3 21.5 2Not available. 2 Combined with construction. 5 Combined with service. kRevised series; not strictly comparable with previously published data. 5 Federal employment in the Maryland and Virginia sectors of the District of Columbia metropolitan area is included in data for District of Columbia. NOTE: Data for the current month are preliminary. SOURCE: Cooperating State agencies listed on inside back cover.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Area Industry Employment

Table B-8: Employees in uonagricuttHral establishments for selected areas, by industry division

(In thousands) June June June June June June May June i960 1959 I960 I960 1959 I960 I960 1959 Industry division LABAMA ARIZONA Birmingham Mobile

TOTAL 196.5 195.5 197.0 92.1 93.2 91.6 172.0 174.8 156.8 66.1 66.7 62.1 Mining 8.2 8.3 8.1 (1) (1) (1) .6 .6 .4 2.7 2.7 2.7 Contract construction.. 11.1 11.0 10.7 5.3 5.2 5.2 17.5 17.6 15.2 6.9 6.9 6.0 Manufacturing 6O.9 59.8 62.8 17.5 I8.7 17.9 32.9 32.9 29.9 8.3 8.3 9.2 Trans, and pub. util... 15.8 15.7 15.9 10.2 10.3 10.3 12.6 12.6 12.0 5.7 5.5 5.4 Trade 45.7 45.2 45.9 19.7 19.7 18.7 46.4 46.7 42.2 15.5 15.5 14.3 Finance 11.9 11.9 11.7 3.7 3.7 4.2 10.4 10.3 9.6 2.6 2.5 2.4 Servi ce 23.4 23.1 23.O 10.0 10.0 10.3 22.0 22.9 19.9 10.2 10.3 9.2 Government 19.5 20.5 18.9 25.7 25.6 25.0 29.6 31.2 27.6 14.2 15.0 12.9 ARKANSAS CALIFORNIA Little Rock- Los Angeles- Sacramento N. Little Rock Long Beach

TOTAL 79.4 79.4 77.9 2,318.0 2,254.0 170.5 169.7 160.8 Mining (1) (1) (1) 12.8 12.6 13.1 .2 .2 .2 Contract construction.. 7.0 6.1 6,1 142.4 140.8 132.1 14.4 13.9 12.6 Manufacturing 14.9 15.4 15.1 12.6 12.1 12.7 763.1 766.3 769.3 28.9 29.2 27.5 143.5 Trans, and pub. util... 8.0 7.9 8.0 143.6 141.1 10.7 10.5 10.9 510.5 Trade 18.5 18.7 18.3 506.5 489.8 33.7 33.7 30.6 120.2 Finance 5.1 5.0 5.0 119.6 112.8 6.8 6.8 6.7 332.7 Service 11.6 11.4 11.2 328.8 3L6.6 16.0 15.8 14,6 292.8 Government 14.3 14.9 14.0 292.9 279.2 59.8 59.6 57.7 CALIFORNIA—Continued San Bernardino- San Francisco- San Diego River si de-Ontario Oakland 2 TOTAL 260.9 259.6 257.9 995.5 988.7 973.7 I89.I 185.3 I69.I Mining .6 .6 .6 1.9 1.9 2.0 .1 .1 .1 Contract construction.. 21.5 20.8 22.5 62.5 61.2 61.7 16.7 16.2 15.6 Manufacturing 34.2 34.5 36.4 66.8 67.O 72.6 202.5 200.8 200.0 66.9 65.1 57.8 Trans, and pub. util... 14.4 14.2 13.7 103.9 IO3.6 106.2 9.1 9.0 Trade 53.3 53.0 50.9 218.8 216.8 211.8 34.2 8.7 11.3 33.5 Finance 11.3 10.5 67.5 67.3 65.5 7.2 7.1 31.6 Service 36.7 36.3 33.3 137.1 136.8 132.4 28.7 6.5 Government 56.4 53.8 201.3 200.3 194.1 26.2 28.3 56.3 25.2 CALIFORNIA—Continued COLORADO CONNECTICUT 26.0 23.6 Denver Bridgeport

TOTAL 313*8 306.8 306.6 120.6 121.4 233.6 232.1 Mining 4.4 4.2 00 OO 00 00 Contract construction.. 23.4 21.2 23.8 5.0 5.6 10.8 12.0 Manufacturing » .. . . 11.6 11.5 12.1 62.5 61.0 58.1 65.5 66.1 89.9 Trans, and pub. util... 30.2 87.8 29.7 29.9 5.5 5.61 9.9 Trade, 76.9 75.4 77.2 44.1 9.7 20.1 19.9 44.3 Finance 17.7 17.6 18.2 3^ 30.2 Service 44.3 43.3 42.7 3.3 24.2 30.1 Government 54.4 11.4 H.5 24.4 24.4 54.3 52.5 23.8 CONNECTICUT—Continued 9.8 9.5 New Britain Waterbury

TOTAL 39.4 39.6 39.7 (3) 122.9 122.5 59.6 58.4 57.4 66.4 65.6 67.O Mining 1 OO 00, 3) 00 OO 00 00 00 00 Contract construction.. 1.5 1.4 3) 6.7 3.9 3.6 3.7 2.1 2.0 2.0 Manufacturing 23.9 24.3 24.4 43.8 43.7 23.1 22.8 22.5 38.0 37.5 39.3 Trans, and pub. util... 1.8 1.8 1.8 12.1 12.3 2.8 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.9 2.8 Trade 5.3 5.3 5.3 3 23.5 23.3 11.7 11.5 11.3 9.9 9.8 9.6 Finance .8 .8 .8 3) 6.3 6.5 2.3 2.3 2.2 1.6 1.6 1.6 Service 3.1 3.1 3.1 (3 18.4 18.4 10.6 10.3 10.0 6.3 6.1 6.1 Government 2.9 3.0 2.9 ( 12.0 11.7 5.2 5.2 4.9 5-7 DELAWARE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA FLORIDA Wilmington Washington Jacksonville

TOTAL 130.8 128.6 130.3 714.2 713.0 704.9 139.6 139.4 138.1 300.7 305.9 292.0 Mining (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) Contract construction.. 9.3 9.0 9^ 52.7 51.3 52.1 10.9 10.9 11.9 24.3 24.2 27.2 56.2 34.5 34.0 Manufacturing 56.8 57.2 34.5 19.7 19.9 20.2 41.8 42.9 41.6 Trans, and pub. util... 8.6 8.6 8.8 46.2 46.2 45.8 14.1 14.4 34.3 34.9 34.5 Trade 23.0 22.7 22,4 142.2 141.8 138.9 13.9 41.2 39.6 85.5 86.7 78.9 Finance 5.3 5.2 5.2 37.6 37.3 36.9 41.4 13.3 13.1 19.4 19.4 19.4 Service 14.7 13.7 14.5 114.2 114.6 111.4 18.0 17.9 17.3 59.3 62.0 56.3 Government 13.1 13.2 12.6 286.8 287.3 285.8 22.3 22.1 21.6 36.1 35.8 34.1 See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the current month are preliminary.

561163 O - 60 - 5

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 24

Tails M: Eapliyiis ii niairiciltiral istablislmts fir silictii1 arias, by iiiistry Jivisiii- Cutined

(In thousands) June Maty June June June May June May June I960 I960 1959 I960 1959 196 1959 I960 1959 Industry division FLORIDA—Continued 6E0R8IA Tampa- Atlanta St. Petersburg TOTAL 185.8 361.8 55*3 54*9 25.1 24.8 25.2 Mining ?> (1) (1) & (l) (l) (1) (1) (1) Contract construction. 21.2 21.3 22.7 21.2 21.0 21.8 3.5 3.6 4.2 2.1 2.0 2.2 88.1 Manufacturing 36.1 35.9 34.4 84.5 85.O 15.7 15.8 16.2 2.5 2.5 2.7 13.8 35.7 36.0 35.1 2.5 Trans, and pub. util., 14.4 14.2 6.4 6.6 6.3 2.5 2.5 Trade 57.9 54.4 96.7 96.6 93.1 12.8 12.3 7.3 56.9 25.5 25.1 02.9 Finance 10.6 10.6 9.9 25.4 2.4 2.3 l!6 1.6 Servi ce 26.2 26.2 47.4 47.4 46.6 2.4 6.3 6.3 3.7 3.6 3.6 26.2 50.1 48.1 6.3 I'.l Government 26.1 26.2 24.4 50.4 7.8 7.3 5.4 5.3 5.3 ILLINOIS 7.5 INDIANA Chicago Evansville Fort Wayne Indianapolis

TOTAL 3 2,378.3 2,398.2 62.6 62.3 64.5 80.3 8O.5 291.9 292.5 291.7 Mining , 3 6.1 6.0 1.7 1.7 1.6 (1) (1) (l) Contract construction, 3 113.2 113.9 2.9 2.7 2.8 3.6 3.4 4.4 15.0 14.4 14.1 Manufacturing , 3 852.6 877.7 23.9 23.8 26.0 33.7 34.0 35.7 101.2 102.0 103.4 Trans, and pub. util. 3 200.2 203.8 4.5 4.4 4.6 6.7 6.7 6.7 20.5 21.0 21.9 Trade 3 506.0 501.0 14.1 14.1 14.1 17.8 17.7 18.0 64.9 65.5 64.3 Finance , 3 139.8 141.4 2.3 2.3 2.3 4.3 4.3 4.2 19.2 19.0 18.4 3 7.3 30.3 Service 3 326.1 325.3 7.3 7.9 7.9 7.9 31.2 30.9 Government , I'6.0 5.8 6.3 39.3 3 234.4 229*1 5.9 6.5 6.4 39.9 40.0 INDIANA—Cont nued IOWA KANSAS South Bend Des Moines Topeka

TOTAL... 82.6 81.9 84.0 103.3 100.3 101.4 48.1 47.4 48.3 117.4 118.1 125.2 Mining (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) .1 .1 .1 1.9 1.9 1.9 Contract construction, 3.3 3.1 3.3 6.2 5.0 6.0 4.1 3.7 3.4 5.8 5.7 7.5 Manufacturing 39.3 39.1 41.3 23.3 22.8 23.5 6.5 6.5 6.8 44.1 44.7 48.9 Trans, and pub. util., 4.7 4.8 4.9 9.0 8.8 8.7 7.3 7.2 7.2 7.3 7.2 7.4 Trade , 15.1 15.0 15.1 25.3 25.0 25.0 9.4 9-3 9.6 25.3 25.4 26.3 Finance 3.8 3.8 3.7 11.5 11.1 11.3 2.7 2.6 2.5 5.4 5.3 5.4 Service , 10.6 10.4 10.1 14.1 14.0 13.7 6.6 6.6 6.5 14.8 14.7 14.9 Government 5.8 5.7 5.6 14.0 13.9 13.4 11.5 11.5 12.3 13.1 13.4 13.1 KENTUCKY LOUISIANA Louisville Baton Rouge New Orleans Shreveport

TOTAL 243.0 244.4 246.2 70.5 71.7 71.6 280.8 281.5 281.7 72.7 72.1 72.1 Mining (1) (1) (1) • 3 .4 7.7 7.5 8.0 5.1 5.1 5.1 Contract construction, 14.9 15.9 7.9 17.2 17.0 6.8 6.5 7.2 14.6 7.0 19.0 Manufacturing , 83.9 87.I 18.0 17.9 18.5 45.6 45.3 46.5 9.0 8.9 9.1 Trans, and pub. util. 21.7 84.5 22.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 42.2 42.2 44.1 9.3 9.2 9.0 73.4 Trade 52.6 21.6 52.2 14.5 14.43 15.1 73.4 72.4 19.6 19.6 19.4 Finance 11.6 11.6 3.3 3.2 16.5 16.4 3.2 3.2 3.2 8.I*1 41.2 15.9 Service 31.2 52.9 30.5 7.9 7.8 41.7 40.7 9.5 9.4 9.1 Government 16.4 38.O 27.1 11.6 26.4 14.9 14.1 36.9 35.1 10.2 10.2 10.0 32.7 MA NE MARYLAND MASSACHUSETTS Lewiston-Aubur26.6 n TOTAL 27.3 26.8 27.1 53.1 51.2 52.5 621.2 617.2 622.0 1,070.6 1,057.4 Mining (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) .9 .9 .9 (1) (1) Contract construction 1.2 1.2 1.1 3.1 3.0 3.1 39.^ 37.1 40.5 53.0 50.9 55.2 Manufacturing 14.3 14.0 14.5 12.8 11.8 13.0 196.0 195.7 203.2 292.4 289.I 303.9 Trans, and pub. util. 1.0 1.0 .9 5.7 5.6 5.6 55.2 55.3 55.0 68.9 68.4 70.0 Trade 5.3 5.1 5.2 14.4 14.6 125.7 123.9 123.7 248.8 244.9 243.5 Finance 14.8 .7 .7 .7 3.6 3.6 3.5 32.3 32.1 31.8 73.8 73.3 71.8 Service 3.3 3.3 8.1 8.2 81.1 8O.9 192.5 Government 3.3 8.2 78.2 189.6 1.5 1.5 1.4 4.9 4.7 4.5 90.6 91.3 88.7 141.2 MASSACHUSETTS—Cont i nued 141.2 Fall River New Bedford ' Sprlngfield-Holyoke Worcester TOTAL 42.1 42.2 42.1 49.6 49.8 50.1 163.4 165.4 109.4 109.1 Mining 1) (1) (1) (1) (1) Contract construction 1.4 1.3 1.5 6.9 6.7 7.2 4.0 3.9 4.6 Manufacturing 23.9 24.1 24.2 27.4 27.9 27.2 69.5 69.4 71.5 51.2 51.0 Trans, and pub. util. 1.6 1.6 2.2 2.1 2.2 8.4 8.3 8.5 4.3 4.5 Trade 7.4 7.4 8.5 8.5 8.6 30.2 30.4 30.2 19.3 19.4 19.0 Finance 8.1 8.1 7.9 5.1 5.0 5.0 Service 21.6 21.5 21.9 12.2 12*2 11.9 Government 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.7 3.8 4.0 19.0 19.0 18.2 13.1

See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the current month are preliminary.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 25 Area Industry Employment

Table B-8: E«pliyees in neiafriciltvral establishieits fir selectei areas, by iriistry divisiei-Ciitiml

(In thousands) June June June June June June June June i960 1959 I960 1959 I960 1959 I960 1959 Industry division

Detroit Grand Rapids Lansing

TOTAL 1,159.8 1,162A 1,169.6 117.1 117.5 112.9 113.7 112.9 113.2 88.8 88.1 89.6 Mining .8 .8 .8 (1) (l) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (l) o , Contract construction. HO.9 41.4 49.0 3.9 4.3 5.6 5 A 6.3 4.5 4.0 4.8 Manufacturing 512.3 514.8 514.3 69.1 3.8 65.3 49.4 48.8 49.4 29.5 29.4 30.6 Trans, and pub. util.. 69.9 70.1 71.1 4.4 69.9 4.4 8.0 7.9 8.0 3.3 3.3 3.4 Trade 228.1 17.2 4.5 23.6 23.2 227.0 230.8 n.k 23.7 15.7 15.7 15.7 Finance 47.4 2 A 17.0 2.3 4.1 4.1 1*7.6 46.7 4.1 2.9 2.9 2.9 Service 130.8 2.4 9.0 13.6 12.7 8.1 130.6 129.5 9.5 13.5 8.2 7.9 Government 129.0 10.5 10.2 9.3 24.8 24.4 130.7 127.3 9.h 9.4 9.5 24.7 MICHIGAN—Continued 10 A MINN SOTA Muskegon- Saginaw Muskegon Heights Minneapolis-St. Paul

TOTAL 45-5 45-9 45.4 53.6 53.2 53.7 39.7 39.3 41.6 5^3.6 540.0 Mining (1) (1) {1 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) %? Contract construction. l.k l.k 2.9 2.6 2.8 2.0 1.7 2.7 32.2 30.1 33.6 Manufacturing K 24.6 25.7 26.3 24.7 25.2 7.9 8.1 8.7 151.2 150.3 148.9 Trans, and pub. util.. 2.5 1.6 5.1 5.0 6.2 2.5 k.9 6.5 6.9 51.1 51.1 52.1 Trade 6.7 26.0 10.2 10.2 9.5 9*6 131.6 6.8 10.2 132.3 131.5 Finance .8 2.2 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.8 1.8 1.7 3k.k 33.9 .9 33.4 Servi ce 3.9 6.8 5.3 5.3 5.2 7.0 7.0 7.1 73.0 73.5 3.9 71.5 Government k.2 .8 k.2 4.2 k.2 5.1 5.0 k.9 69.3 69.5 4.3 68.5 MISSISSIPPI 3.8 MONTANA 4.3 Jackson Kansas City St. Louis Great Falls

TOTAL 63.O 62.9 61.2 368.6 364.3 386.7 734.5 730.1 732.0 20.4 19.8 20.8 Mining 1.0 1.0 1.1 .9 • 9 .9 2.5 2.8 3.0 (1) (l) (1) Contract construction. 5.9 5.6 k.9 8.7 8.0 25.2 39.3 37.2 38.1 1.8 1.6 2.3 Manufacturing 11.1 11.0 11.5 106.1 102.5 107.2 263.7 263.5 267.6 3.1 3.1 3.2 Trans, and pub. util.. 68.7 67.6 2.2 2.2 k.k k.k 4.5 41.2 41.3 42.7 67.8 2.3 Trade 14.2 154.8 151.6 5.8 5.6 5.7 lk.1 95.0 94.5 95.9 154.1 Finance 14.5 36.7 36.2 36.3 k.k k.3 24.8 24.4 24.6 (1) Service k.k 89.7 90.3 4.1 4.0 4.2 8.7 8.5 48.3 48.1 48.4 90.3 Government 8.7 12.2 78.8 77.5 3.2 12.8 43.6 44.6 41.8 78.5 3-3 3.3 NEBRASKA13.3. NEVADA NEW HAMPSHIRE NEW.JERSEY Reno Manchester Jersey City

TOTAL 160.8 159.3 158.2 32.4 31.5 30.3 43.2 42.5 42.6 258.3 259.1 260.0 Mining (4) (4) (4) (6) (6) (6) (1) (1) (1) Contract construction. 10.6 10.0 10.1 2.8 2.9 2.9 2.2 2.0 2.2 8.7 8.3 7.6 Manufacturing 37.3 36.8 36.k 2.1 2.1 2.2 18.3 18.1 18.4 118.3 119.1 121.6 Trans, and pub. util.. 20.5 20.1 21.0 2.8 2.8 2.8 38.2 38.5 37.4 Trade 36.0 8.2 38.O 35.8 35.8 ftn n 8.5 8.4 37.9 37.8 Finance 12.3 2.4 12.6 12.5 l.k 1.4 1.2 2.5 2.4 9.1 9.1 8.9 Service 23.9 23.2 5.3 20.6 23.9 9.9 9.3 9.1 5.5 5.5 20.5 20.6 Government 20.1 19.2 3.3 25.5 26.1 20.4 5.2 5.1 4.7 3.3 3.3 25.6 NEW JERSEY—Continued Newark 7 Paterson- Perth Amboy Trenton Clifton-Passaic TOTAL...., 645.2 639.3 635.2 357.7 356.3 358.5 175.3 173.8 169.1 104.8 104.7 103.5 .1 Mining 1.0 1.0 1.2 .4 .4 .7 .6 .1 .1 Contract construction. 27.6 27.1 2l!8 9.2 9.0 8/7 4.8 4.7 26.1 20.5 20.3 5.1 Manufacturing 242.0 242.8 164.4 87.9 87.2 84.6 39.2 39.7 238.9 159.7 159.2 39.1 19.8 9.0 Trans, and pub. util.. 45-3 45.2 1+3.2 21.3 21.1 9.1 8.7 5.8 5.7 5.7 71.3 Trade 126.1 125.3 122. k 72.8 72.8 27.4 27.3 26.8 17.6 17.6 17.3 12.3 Finance 1*5.1 44.9 44.8 12.6 12.4 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.9 3.9 3.8 87.6 37.4 12.6 14.2 Service 89.8 89.2 38.8 38.4 13.2 13.1 14.8 14.9 Government 68.3 66.1 31.2 23.8 18.0 68.7 31.6 31.7 24.5 24.4 18.4 18.5 NEW MEXICO NEW YORK Alb any- Binghamton Albuquerque Schenectady->-Troy Buffalo

TOTAL 81.7 81.0 78.7 225.6 222.9 224.6 78.8 78.1 79.2 440.1 442.5 Mining (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) Contract construction. 8.6 8.4 Q.k 10.0 9.2 9.0 3.9 3.6 3.6 29.9 28.3 Manufacturing 7.7 1*1 7.7 65.3 65.O 67.3 39.7 39A 40.5 178.9 182.1 Trans, and pub. util.. 4.1 35.6 6.7 6.6 6.3 17.5 17.3 17.5 3.9 4.0 34.9 Trade 13.0 83.61 86.1 18.9 18.6 18.3 44.9 44.1 44.3 13.0 12.7 Finance 4.5 k.k 8.6 8.7 2.3 2.2 2.3 15.2 15.1 4.7 8.4 Service 18.0 17.9 31.4 30.4 6.8 6.8 6.9 51.4 50.8 Government . 17.2 30.7 46.2 44.5 17.3 H.k 48.0 47.4 9.1 9.1 9.2 16.1 48.1 See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the current month are preliminary.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Area Industry Employment 26 Table B-8: Employees ii loiafriciltiril established fer selected areas, by industry division-Continued

(In thousands) June June June June June June June May June I960 I960 1959 I960 1959 I960 I960 1959 i960 195 1959 Industry division NEW Y0RK— Continued Nassau and New York-Northeastern Elmira 5 New York City Suffolk Counties ' New Jersey

TOTAL 33.2 32.9 31.6 423.7 416.0 418.2 3,577.5 3,573.3 3,529.3 5,697.2 5,675.3 5,628.0 Mining (1) (1) (1) 1.9 1.9 1.9 5.2 5.1 5.3 Contract construction, 35.7 34.8 40.4 134.5 130.3 132.4 258.1 249.8 258.9 Manufacturing 16.1 14.6 120.0 965.6 15.9 119.9 119.1 961.9 959.0 1,766.3 1,766.1 1,768.2 Trans, and pub. util.. 23.0 23.0 22.9 322.0 322.4 323.9 475.9 476.3 473.3 Trade 6.1 6.1 6.1 98.4 95.9 93.7 766.3 763.7 746.2 1,182.9 1,175.8 1,150.9 Finance 17.3 17.1 15.9 384.5 383.9 376.7 484.0 482.6 473.9 Service 61.2 58.2 59.6 598.4 598.5 584.1 863.4 859.5 845.1 Government , 68.2 67.9 65.6 408.2 407.0 405.1 661.6 660.0 652.4 NEW YORK— Rochester Syracuse Utica-Ttome Westchester County

TOTAL (3 217.8 217.6 181.0 178.8 179.9 102.0 100.8 103.1 225.5 224.3 224.5 Mining 3 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) Contract construction. 3 9.9 11.1 9.1 7.7 4.4 3.8 4.4 18.2 18.3 18.8 65.2 Manufacturing 3 105.0 105 A 69.1 68.6 69.I 39.5 39.5 40.7 65.4 64.2 32.7 12.6 12.7 14.9 Trans, and pub. util.. 3 9.7 9.9 5-7 5.6 5.7 15.0 15.2 36.3 36.1 36.5 16.4 48.8 47.9 47.8 Trade 39.3 39.0 16.7 17.2 (3 7.6 7.9 7.9 7.9 11.0 Finance 7.8 3.8 3.7 10.9 11.0 Service (3 24.1 22.2 22.5 22.0 10.0 9.9 39.7 39.6 40.7 2k.e Government , (3) 30.5 23.8 23.5 22.9 21.8 53 27.7 27.1 26.8 21.2 21.9 NORTH CAROLINA 21.5 NORTH DAKOTA Greensboro- Fargo High Point Winston-Salem

TOTAL 104.7 104.8 101.0 23.6 23.2 23.6 Mining , (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) Contract construction, 9.5 9.0 7.9 2.5 2.2 2.6 Manufacturing 25.1* 25.9 25.7 44.8 44.9 44.9 37.4 38.0 36.7 1.9 1.8 2.2 Trans, and pub. util.. 10. 4 10.4 10.1 2.8 2.7 2.7 Trade 28.5 7.9 7.9 7.6 29.1 28.8 Finance 7.1 6.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 7.2 Service 13.5 13.3 3.5 3.5 3.5 Government .'.... 13.5 8.8 3.3 3.3 3.3 10.1 9.6

Akron Cincinnati

TOTAL 175.7 175.6 169.5 112.5 112.3 113.5 397.8 397.9 398.6 701.2 698.6 701.5 Mining , .1 .1 •1 .5 .6 .6 .3 .3 .3 .5 .5 .5 Contract construction 7.7 7.2 8.1 4.7 4.6 4.5 21.5 21.2 20.7 34.0 32.2 35.0 Manufacturing 83.6 83.6 78.2 57.2 57.5 154.0 154.8 156.4 288.7 289.5 291.6 Trans, and pub« util., 58.0 12.5 12.5 12.6 6.4 6.4 32.5 32.5 32.7 45.0 45.0 46.2 Trade , 32.6 20.1 6.5 79.1 32.8 32.7 19.8 78.6 78.3 140.0 139.6 138.8 Finance , 4.6 20.1 19.5 4.7 4.6 3.2 3.1 20.2 19.7 31.5 31.2 30.8 Service 19.2 3.1 48.9 19.6 19.9 11.4 11.3 49.2 48.7 85.9 85.8 85.O Government 14.2 9.0 11.8 40.8 14.6 14.8 9.0 41.5 42.5 75.6 74.9 73.7 8.9 OHIO — I Dayton Youngstown "I" TOTAL 257.3 256.4 254.1 246.2 245.4 247.8 159.3 158.8 155.6 160.6 163.1 170.2 Mining .7 .8 .4 .4 .4 .2 .2 .2 .4 .4 .4 Contract construction I6!o 15.0 16.0 10.5 9*7 11.1 9.1 8.4 8.1 8.3 8.1 8.7 Manufacturing 72.9 73.1 71.5 103.4 103.5 106.3 59.4 59.6 58.2 76.9 79.5 87.1 Trans, and pub. util. 18.3 I8.3 18.5 9.9 9.8 9.7 13.4 13.3 13.8 9.4 9.4 9.5 Trade , 53.3 53.3 52.7 42.3 42.2 41.9 35.3 35.0 34.5 29.6 29.I Finance 14.5 14.2 14.1 6.2 6.1 6.2 6.0 5.8 5.6 4.1 4.0 Service 34.8 33.5 tl 3^.7 27.8 27.8 27.0 21.3 21.5 21.1 17.7 17.7 17.5 Government 46.8 46.9 45.6 45.1 14.1 47.3 45.7 14.6 14.9 14.2 14.3 13.8 OKLAHOMA OREGON PENNSYLVANIA Oklahoma City Allentown- Bet hlehem-Easton

TOTAL 168.8 168.2 163.9 131.0 130.4 129.8 265.2 259-9 260.8 179.6 180.0 177.0 Mining 13.0 12.8 (1) 6.9 6.9 6.9 13.7 (1) .5 .5 Contract construction, 12 .4 11.7 13.0 9.8 9.6 9.4 16.2 15.0 14.3 7.3 8^ Manufacturing 7.3 20.0 19.6 19.2 28.0 28.2 29.4 65.9 63.6 66.8 97.5 94.3 Trans, and pub. util. 97.6 12.2 12.2 12.6 14.9 14.9 13.7 27.9 27.3 28.0 11.0 11.1 Trade 41.4 31.8 65.9 1*1.2 38.5 31.6 30.8 65.I 63.6 28.0 11.0 28.0 Finance , 9 6.4 14.3 9.5 9.4 6.5 6.4 14.1 14.0 4.6 27.9 4.6 Service. -5 16.1 35.4 34.9 4.6 20.6 20.6 16.2 16.1 35.2 17.7 Government 20.6 10.8 39.6 39.6 39.2 17.9 18.1 46.5 43.7 10.8 10.3 12.6 U5.8 12.8 13.0 See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the current month are preliminary.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 27 Area Industry Empl

Table B-8: Employees in nonafricultural establishments for selected areas, by inlnstry dmsion-Contiiied

(In thousands) June June June June June June June June I960 I960 1959 i960 1959 I960 1959 I960 I960 1959 Industry division PEHHSYLVAHIA— Continued Erie Harrisburg Lancaster Philadelphia

TOTAL 76.4 75.9 75.8 11*3.0 142.1 142.1 93.2 92.3 92.0 1,485.5 1,484.2 1,478.3 Mining (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) 2.0 2.0 1.8 Contract construction, 2.2 2.0 3.0 9.1 8.6 % 4.9 5.3 73.6 70.2 78.2 Manufacturing , 36.4 36.3 35.3 34.8 35.0 35.8 46.6 47.3 555.8 556.9 551.7 Trans, and pub. util., 5.5 5.5 5.7 12.7 12.7 13.1 5.0 4.8 4.7 112.6 112.2 112.2 Trade , 14.0 13.8 13.9 24.8 24.6 24.3 16.4 16.3 16.0 289.2 289.9 292.4 Finance 2.2 5.2 2.2 2.2 2.1 76.O 2.3 |-3 5.1 5.2 75.2 75.4 Service , 9.0 8.9 8.8 17.5 16.9 16.3 10.0 9.9 9.6 196.0 189.4 Government 7.0 7.1 6.9 38.9 39.2 39.1 7.5 7.6 7.0 180.3 197.1 177.2 PENNSYLVANIA—Continued 180.7 Pittsburgh WiIkes-Barre Reading Hazleton TOTAL 776.8 780.9 800.5 100.7 100.7 100,5 Mining 13.8 13.8 14.2 (1) (1) (1) Contract construction, 43.3 42.1 44.1 4.2 4.0 4.5 Manufacturing 294.9 300.6 316.6 52.4 52.4 51.7 29.3 29.0 30.1 40.5 40.3 40.7 Trans, and pub. util.. 61.3 61.9 63.6 5.8 5.8 5.9 Trade 156.0 154.7 155.6 15.3 15.3 15.4 Finance 31.1 31.0 31.4 3.6 3.6 3.6 Service 104.0 103.7 103.0 11.1 11.1 11.3 Government 72.4 73.1 72.0 8.3 8.5 8.1 PEHHSYLVAHIA—Continued RHODE ISLAND SOUTH CAROLINA York Providence Charleston Columbia

TOTAL 82.6 82.0 82.9 279.8 277.8 280.0 55.8 56.4 55.4 70.3 70.0 68.4 Mining (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) Contract construction. 4.6 4.6 5.0 11.4 10.9 11.6 3.6 3.6 4.1 4.7 4.7 4.2 Manufacturing 42.4 41.9 42.4 131.1 130.1 130.7 10.2 10.3 9.9 12.2 12.2 11.9 Trans, and pub. util.. 5.1 5.0 4.8 13.6 13.4 13.4 4.6 4.6 4.8 5.3 5.2 Trade 13.4 13.3 13.8 48.6 48.6 49.8 12.3 12.2 11.7 15.6 15.6 15.3 Finance 1.7 1.7 1.6 11.7 11.6 11.7 2.4 2.4 2.3 4.4 4.4 4.3 Service 7.6 7.5 7.3 30.5 30.3 30.2 5.3 5.3 8.2 8.1 8.0 Government 8.0 8.0 32.9 32.6 18.0 16.7 19.7 7.8 32.9 17.4 19.9 19.5 SOUTH CAROLINA —Continued SOUTH DAKOTA TENN SSEE Greenville Sioux Falls Chattanooga Knoxville

TOTAL 70.5 70.9 61.6 26.5 26.2 26.5 91.3 90.6 90.0 (3 112.4 110.2 Mining (1) (1) (l) (1) (l) (1) .1 .1 .1 (3 1.7 1.7 Contract construction. 6.4 6.3 5.2 2.0 1.7 1.8 4.1 4.2 4.3 (3 7.6 7.2 Manufacturing. 32.6 32.5 31.6 5.6 5.7 5.9 41.4 40.8 41.0 (3 42.6 42.3 Trans, and pub. util.. 3.5 3.5 3.5 2.6 2.5 2.5 4.8 4.8 4.8 3 6.6 6.6 Trade 13.1 13.0 12.5 7.8 7.7 7.9 16.0 15.9 15.9 3 22.0 22.3 Finance 2.6 2.6 2.6 1.5 1.5 4.8 4.9 4.8 3 3.2 3.2 Service 6.4 6.4 6.5 4.0 3.9 8.9 9.0 9.1 3) 11.2 11.1 Government 3.2 11.2 5.9 6.6 5.7 3.1 3.0 10.9 10.0 3 ) 17.5 15.8 TENNESSEE—Continued TEXAS Memphis Dallas Fort Worth

TOTAL 190.3 182.6 138.7 139.9 137.2 Mining .2 .3 •3 .3 Contract construction. 10.3 10.8 8!l 7.7 7.3 Manufacturing 46.1 40.7 37.9 39.1 39.5 90.8 91.5 91.5 52.7 52.9 55.1 Trans, and pub. util.. 16.1 16.1 11.0 11.0 11.1 Trade 51.2 50.3 31.1 31.0 30.2 Finance 9.2 8.9 9.6 9.5 9.4 Service 25.8 25.6 21.8 21.9 21.1 Government 31.4 29.9 18.9 19.4 18.3 TEXAS— ontinued UTAH VERMONT San Antonio Salt Lake City2 Burlington 5

TOTAL 140.0 138.4 138.2 20.9 20.4 20.9 Mining 7.2 7.1 7.3 Contract construction. 8.8 8.4 9.3 Manufacturing 92.9 92.8 94.3 23.7 23.4 22.9 24.3 24.1 23.2 4.9 4.9 5.0 Trans, and pub. util.. 13.1 12.9 13.4 1.7 1.7 1.6 Trade 37.6 37.1 36.6 5.5 5.3 5.4 Finance 8.7 8.6 8.3 Service 19.0 Government 19.2 18.9 21.1 21.3 21.1 See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the current month are preliminary.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 28

Talli B-8: Eipliyns ii uiifriciltiral istallishieits fir selectii areas, by iidistry Jivisioi-Coitiiiid

(In thousands) June May Jane June June June May June June May June i960 i960 1959 i960 i960 1959 i960 i960 1959 I960 I960 1959 Industry division VERMONT—Continued VIRGINIA WASHINGTON Norfolk- Springfield 5 Richmond Seattle Portsmouth TOTAL 12.0 11.8 11.7 151.1 150.9 150.3 161*. 5 162.6 369.1 367.0 371.9 Mining .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 (1) (1) (1) Contract construction 12.2 11.9 12. If 12.8 12.6 12.0 18.7 17.9 19.0 Manufacturing 6.6 6.6 6.2 16.5 16.9 15.6 ki.k la. 7 1*1.7 113.2 113.0 120.3 Trans, and pub. util. .8 .8 .8 15.2 15.2 15.5 15.6 15.6 15.6 31.5 31.2 30.7 Trade 1.6 1.6 1.6 36.8 36.7 36.1| 38.5 38.5 38.3 81.9 81.5 82.0 Finance 5.3 5-3 13.0 12.9 12.9 21.7 21.2 21.5 Service 18.0 17.6 17.h 19.6 19.5 19.1* 1*6.1 1*5 J* Government 1*6.8 Vf.l 23. h 23.5 22.5 56.0 56.8 WASHINGTON—Continued WEST VIRGINIA Huntington- Spokane Charleston Ashland

TOTAL 75.3 78.3 77.7 76.8 76.5 77.5 77.0 73.5 67.1 66.3 68.0 Mining , (1) (1) (1) (l) 3.'+ 3-H l*.l 1.2 1.2 1.0 Contract construction, h.6 5.1- 5.0 3.8 3.6 h.k 2.7 2.7 3.2 Manufacturing ll*.6 16.9 23.2 22.9 25.2 13-7 17. ^ 16.6 23.1* 25.0 2l*.l Trans, and pub. util. 6.2 6.1 9.0 7.2 8.2 7.9 8.5 6,3 9.0 3.9 6.9 6.8 Trade 20.1* 16.2 16.7 15.0 20.6 20.1* 15.9 15.9 16.9 16.6 ll*.l ll*.O Finance , *uo 3.9 3.5 3.5 3.3 3.2 3.3 2.1* 2.3 2.1* Service , 0.2 9.0 O.I) 9.3 12.5 12.1* 8.9 9.0 7.3 7.* 7.0 Government 20.6 20.5 8.8 13.0 12.8 13.1 9.1 7.6 7.9 7.2 WEST VIRGIHIA--Continued wise KSIM WYOMING Wheeling Milwaukee Casper

TOTAL 53. h 53.9 ^53.6 U19.7 51.9 ho.8 1*0.6 69 19.1 I8.9 18.0 Mining 3.3 3.3 3.1 (1) (1) (1) (1) (l) 1*.6 U.3 3.7 Contract construction 2.0 2.5 2.8 23.3 22.0 23.2 1.7 ^l 2.1 1.7 1.7 1.7 Manufacturing , 2.0 16.6 17.1 13.3 197.9 196.7 199.7 18.1* 1.6 21.9 2.0 2.0 Trans, and pub. util. 1*.2 1.6 l*.l 28.1 27.8 28.2 1.9 18.6 1.9 1.7 1.7 Trade 13.0 13.2 l*.l 12.7 88.6 88.3 87.9 7.6 1.8 7.5 ^.3 Finance 2.0 .8 2.1 2.1 21.3 20.9 20.6 1.0 l.h .9 .8 Service , 7.0 2.0 6.7 6.9 51.3 51.8 50.1* 5.9 1.0 5-3 2.0 Government , 1*.8 1*1.9 k.k 2.1+ 2.1 1*3.0 1*2.2 5.7 2.0 i*.i* 1 Combined with service. 2 Revised series; not strictly comparable ifith previously published data. 5 Not available. * Combined with construction. 5 Total includes data for industry divisions not shown separately. * Combined vrith manufacturing. 7 Subarea of New York-ITortheastern New Jersey. NOTE: Data for the current month are preliminary, SOURCE: Cooperating State agencies listed on inside back cover.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 29 Historical Hour

Table M: Grtss heirs ail eaniifs if priiictin wirkirs ii raifactiriif 1919 ti Jati

Manufacturing Durable goods Nondurable goods Year and month Average weekly weekly hourly weekly weekly hourly weekly weekly hourly earnings hours earnings earnings hours earnings earnings hours earnings 1919 $22.08 .3 $0,477 1920 :. 26.30 47.4 .555 1921 22.18 43.1 .515 1922 21.51 44.2 .487 1923 23.82 45.6 .522 $25.78 $21.94

192U 23.93 43.7 .547 25.84 22.07 1925 24.37 44.5 .5^7 26.39 22.44 1926 24.65 45.0 .548 26.61 22.75 1927 24.7^ 45.0 .550 2D.OO 23.01 1928 24.97 44.4 .562 27.24 22.88 1929.... 25.03 44.2 .566 27.22 22.93 1930. 23.25 42.1 .552 24.77 21.84 1931 20.87 I1O.5 .515 21.28 20.50 1932 17.05 38.3 .446 16.21 32.6 $0,497 17.57 4l.9 $0,420 1933 16.73 38.1 .442 16.43 34.8 .472 16.89 4o.o .427

1934 18. 40 34.6 • 532 I8.87 33.9 .556 18.05 35.1 .515 1935 20.13 36.6 .550 21.52 37.3 .577 19.H 36.1 .530 1936 21.78 39.2 .556 24.04 41.0 .586 19.& 37.7 .529 1937 24.05 38.6 .624 26.91 40.0 .674 21.53 37.4 • 577 1938 22.30 35.6 .627 24.01 35.0 .686 21.05 36.1 .584 1939 23.86 37.7 .633 26.50 38.0 21.78 37.4 .582 i94o 25.20 38.1 .661 28.44 39.3 .724 22.27 37.0 .602 19*11 29.58 ko.6 .729 34.04 42.1 .808 24.92 38.9 .640 1942 36.65 42.9 .853 42.73 45.1 .9^7 29.13 4o.3 .723 1943 43.14 44.9 .961 49.30 k6.6 1.059 34.12 42.5 .803 1944 46.08 45.2 1.019 52.07 K.6 1.117 37.12 1*3.1 .861 1945..'. 44.39 43.4 1.023 49.05 44.1 1.111 38.29 42.3 .904 19W 43.82 4o.4 1.086 46.49 40.2 1.156 4l.l4 40.5 1.015 19^7 49.97 40.4 1.237 52.46 4o.6 I.292 46.96 4o.l 1.171 19W 54.14 40.1 1.350 57.11 40.5 l.4io 50.61 39.6 1.278 19^9 54.92 39.2 l 58.03 39.5 1.469 51.41 38.8 1.325 1950 59.33 to.5 1.465 63.32 4l.2 1.537 54.71 39.7 1.378 1951 64.71 40.7 1.59 69.1*7 41.6 I.67 58.46 39.5 1.48 1952... 67.97 40.7 1.67 73.46 41.5 1.77 60.98 39.6 1.54 1.61 1953 71.69 40.5 1.77 77.23 41.3 1.87 63.60 39.5 195** 71.86 39.7 1.81 77.18 40.2 1.92 64.74 39.0 1.66 1955. 76.52 40.7 1.88 83". 21 41.4 2.01 68.06 39.8 1.71 1956 79.99 40.4 1.98 86.31 41.1 2.10 71.10 39.5 1.80 1957 82.39 39.8 2.07 88.66 40.3 2.20 73.51 39.1 1.88 1958 83-50 39.2 2.13 90.06 39.5 2.28 75.27 38.8 1.94

1959 89.1*7 1*0.3 2.22 97.10 1*0.8 2.38 79.60 39.6 2.01

1959: July 89.65 1*0.2 2.23 96.80 1*0.5 2.39 80.00 39.8 2.01 August, • •, 88.70 1*0.5 2.19 95.88 1*0.8 2.35 80.20 1*0.1 2.00 September, 89.1*7 1*0.3 2.22 96.70 I4O.8 2.37 80.79 39.8 2.03 October.. 89.06 1*0.3 2.21 96.52 h0.9 2.36 79.79 39.5 2.02 November., 88.98 39.9 2.23 95.1*1* 1*0.1 2.38 80.39 39.6 2,03 December., 92.16 1*0.6 2.27 99.87 1*1.1 2.43 81.19 39.8 2.0U I960: January.., 92.29 1*0.3 2.29 100.86 1*1.0 2.U6 80.77 39.k 2.05 February., 91. XU 39.8 2.29 98.98 1*0.1* 2.1*5 79.95 39.0 2.05 March...., 90.91 39.7 2.29 98.71* 1*0.3 2.1*5 79.93 38.8 2.06 April...., 89.60 39.3 2.28 97.36 39.9 2.1*1* 79.52 38.6 2.06 May 91.37 39.9 2.29 98.58 1*0.1* 2.1*1* 81.35 39.3 2.07 June 91.60 1*0.0 2.29 98.98 1*0.1* 2.1*5 82.16 39.5 2.08 July , 91.1U 39.8 2.29 97.84 1*0.1 2.1*1* 81.95 39.1* 2.08

NOTE: Data for the 2 most recent months are preliminary. Data on hours of work based on the household survey are shown in tables A-15 through A-19. Data in all tables in Section C relate to the United States without Alaska and Hawaii.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Current Hours and Earnings Overtime Data Table C-2: Gross hours and earnings of production workers in manufacturing, by major industry group

Average weekly earnings Average weekly hours Average hourly earnings Major industry group July June July July June July July June i960 i960 1959 I960 I960 1959 I960 I960 MANUFACTURING. $91.14 $91.60 $89.65 39.8 40.0 40.2 $2.29 $2.29 $2.23 DURABLE GOODS.... 97.84 98.98 96.8O 40.1 40.4 40.5 2.44 2.45 2.39 NONDURABLE GOODS. 81.95 82.16 80.00 39.4 39.5 39.8 2.08 2.08 2.01

Durable Goods

Ordnance and accessories 107 107.30 IO5.O6 40.8 40.8 41.2 2.64 2.63 2.55 Lumber and wood products 81 83.43 80.19 39.8 40.5 40.5 2.06 2.06 I.98 Furniture and fixtures 74 74.77 74.66 40.0 40.2 40.8 1.86 1.86 1.83 Stone, clay, and glass products 92 93.07 92.13 40.7 41.0 41.5 2.28 2.27 2.22 Primary metal industries 109 109.80 108.19 39.1 38.8 38.5 2.80 2.83 2.81 Fabricated metal products 98 99.96 97.17 40.4 40.8 41.0 2.45 2.45 2.37 Machinery (except electrical) 4 105.88 103.25 40.8 41.2 41.3 2.56 2.57 2.50 Electrical machinery 9 92.23 89.02 39.8 40.1 40.1 2.30 2.30 2.22 Transportation equipment 108 110.97 108.53 39.9 40.5 40.8 2.73 2.74 2.66 Instruments and related products 95 95.^1 93.71 40.5 40.6 41.1 2.36 2.35 2.28 Miscellaneous manufacturing industries. 77 02 77.41 75.60 39.7 39.9 40.0 1.94 1.94 I.89

Nondurable Goods

Food and kindred products 88.94 88.51 85.48 40.8 40.6 40.9 2.18 2.18 2.09 Tobacco manufactures 67.50 71.89 70.58 37.5 39.5 40.1 1.80 1.82 1.76 Textile-mill products 64.31 65.69 63.83 39.7 40.3 40.4 1.62 I.63 1.58 Apparel and other finished textile products. 55.90 55.90 55.57 36.3 36.8 1.54 1.54 1.51 P^aper and allied products 96.22 96.67 95.03 42.2 42.4 43.0 2.28 2.28 2.21 Printing, publishing, and allied industries. 106.09 105.54 103.52 38.3 38.1 38.2 2.77 2.77 2.71 Chemicals and allied products 105.41 105.34 100.28 41.5 41.8 41.1 2.54 2.52 2.44 Products of petroleum and coal 120.83 119.31 H8.78 41.1 41.0 4l.l 2.94 2.91 2.89 Rubber products 103.68 103.12 107.10 40.5 40.6 42.5 2.56 2.54 2.52 Leather and leather products 63.03 62.37 60.90 38.2 37.8 38.3 I.65 1.65 1.59 NOTE: Data for the 2 most recent months are preliminary. Table C-3: Average overtime hours and average hourly earnings excluding overtime of production workers in manufacturing, by major industry group Average hourly earnings Average overtime hours 1 Major industry group excluding overtime July June May July June June May June I960 i960 I960 1959 1959 I960 I960 1959 MANUFACTURING. 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.7 2.9 $2.22 $2.22 $2.16 DURABLE GOODS.... 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.7 3.0 2.38 2.37 2.32 NONDURABLE GOODS. 2.5 2.6 2.5 2.8 2.7 2.01 2.01 1.94

Durable Goods

Ordnance and accessories 1.9 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.57 2.55 2.49 Lumber and wood products. _ 3.3 3.2 3.5 3.7 1.98 1.95 1.90 Furniture and fixtures _ 2.4 2.4 2.8 2.7 1.81 1.80 1.78 Stone, clay, and glass products _ 3.0 3.1 3.6 3.6 2.19 2.19 2.12 Primary metal industries _ 1.5 1.5 2.4 3.1 2.77 2.77 2.74 Fabricated metal products _ 2.6 2.6 3.0 3.3 2.38 2.37 2.29 Machinery (except electrical) _ 2.6 2.7 2.9 3.2 2.49 2.49 2.41 Electrical machinery _ 1.9 1.7 2.1 2.3 2.25 2.24 2.16 Transportation equipment _ 2.2 2.6 2.6 2.8 2.67 2.64 2.57 Instruments and related products _ 2.0 2.0 2.4 2.2 2.29 2.29 2.23 Miscellaneous manufacturing industries. - 2.2 2.2 2.4 2.7 1.88 1.89 1.84

Nondurable Goods

Food and kindred products 3.2 3.1 3.* 3.4 2.10 2.11 2.01 Tobacco manufactures _ 1.2 1.0 1.8 1.5 1.79 1.78 1.70 Textile-mill products - 2.9 2.9 3.1 3.3 1.58 1.57 1.52 Apparel and other finished textile products _ 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.51 1.51 1.48 Paper and allied products - 4.2 4.3 4.7 4.6 2.17 2.15 2.08 Printing, publishing, and allied industries _ 2.8 3.0 2.9 2.8 (2) (2) (2) Chemicals and allied products _ 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.45 2.42 2.35 Products of petroleum and coal _ 1.9 1.6 2.3 1.7 2.84 2.84 2.82 Rubber products _ 2.6 2.2 4.8 3.9 2.46 2.45 2.34 Leather and leather products _ 1.3 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.62 I.63 1.58

derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate of time and one-half. 2Not available as average overtime rates are significantly above time and one-half, Inclusion of data for the group in the nondurable-goods total has little effect. NOTE: Data for the 2 most recent months are preliminary.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 31 , Man-Hours and Payrol

Table C-4: Indexes of aggregate weekly man-hours and payrolls Seasonally Adjusted Hou in industrial and construction activities1

(1947-49-100) rune May July June Activity •960 I I960 1959 1959 Man-hours

TOTAL 101.5 102.3 100.8 104.0 105.7 MINING 62.8 66.2 66.2 66.9 71.4 CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION. 144.2 135.9 126.3 140.1 138.9 MANUFACTURING 98.0 99.9 99.4 101.3 103.3 DURABLE GOODS.... 102.7 106.1 106.5 108.0 111.7 NONDURABLE GOODS. 92.3 92.5 90.9 93.2 93.2

Durable Goods

Ordnance and accessories 268.1 318.8 326.3 322.0 325.0 Lumber and wood products 79.** 82.2 77.7 83.2 84.4 Furniture and fixtures 106.1 IO8.5 107.5 108.0 108.2 Stone, clay, and glass products 104.9 105.6 104.6 IO8.9 110.0 Primary metal industries 109.6 89.2 92.6 95.2 98.4 Fabricated metal products 109.1 IO8.5 110.5 115.3 Machinery (except electrical). 105.9 102.7 103.3 102.5 105.6 Electrical machinery • 99.6 134.2 133.1 130.7 132.4 Transportation equipment 130.9 114.0 119.8 123.1 125.4 Instruments and related products 109.6 118.9 118.8 II8.7 Miscellaneous manufacturing industries 117.0 104.7 102.9 116.9 101.2 100.6 98.6 Nondurable Goods

Food and .kindred products 87.5 82.3 78.5 86.9 84.4 Tobacco manufactures 6U. 9 66.5 64.5 67.O 68.2 Textile-mill products 70.8 73.5 72.9 74.2 75.9 Apparel and other finished textile products. 102. 4 104.9 104.2 102.6 Paper and allied products 110.0 112.5 112.0 113.5 104.2 Printing, publishing, and allied industries. 114.2 114.9 115.0 111.4 114.4 Chemicals and allied products 106.8 107.2 107.8 102.5 111.7 Products of petroleum and coal. 84.4 84.5 83.6 86.1 103.6 Rubber products 99.1 101.1 98.7 108.6 86.8 Leather and leather products 89.9 84.2 94.5 99.2 90.1 Payrolls 94.0

MINING 107.5 107.8 106.5 115.4 CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION. 247.5 230.5 244.4 240.0 MANUFACTURING 169.2 172.5 171.5 170.2 174.4

*For mining and manufacturing, data refer to production and related workers; for contract construction, data relate to construction workers. NOTE: Data for the 2 most recent months are preliminary.

Table C-5: Average weekly hours, seasonaly adjusted, of production workers in selected industries1

July June May July June Industry I960 I960 I960 1959 1959

Manufacturing. 39-9 39.9 40.1 40.3 40.6

Durable goods 40.4 40.2 40.5 40.8 41.2 Nondurable goods 39-2 39.5 39.7 39.6 39.8 Bu i1dIng construct ion 35.6 35.4 35.6 36.1 Retail trade (except eating and drinking pi aces) 37.6 37.6 38.2 38.1 For manufacturing, data refer to production and related workers; for building construction, to construction workers; and for retail trade, to nonsupervisory workers. NOTE: Data for the 2 most recent months are preliminary.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Industry Hours and Earnings

Table C-6: Crass liirs ui eariiifs of prtlictrei workers,1 by iiinstry

Average weekly earnings Average weekly hours Average hourly earnings Industry June May June June June June i960 I960 1959 i960 1959 1959

MINING. $110.29 $110.70 $111.49 41.0 41.0 41.6 $2.69 $2.70 $2,68

METAL MINING 111.99 114.01 107.79 42.1 42.7 41.3 2.66 2.67 2.61 Iron mining 118.90 120.22 116.18 41.0 41.6 40.2 2.90 2.89 2.89 Copper mining 113.80 115.54 106.60 43.6 44.1 42.3 2.61 2.62 2.52 Lead and zinc mining. 91.66 41.2 41.3 40.2 2.28 2.29 2.28 93-94 94.58 ANTHRACITE MINING 82.75 33.9 29.6 30.2 2.76 2.78 2.74 93.56 82.29 BITUMINOUS-COAL MINING. 126.49 36.6 36.4 38.8 3.29 3.27 3.26 120.41 119.03 CRUDE-PETROLEUM AND NATURAL-GAS PRODUCTION: Petroleum and natural-gas production (except contract services) 113.81 116.03 112.56 40.5 41.0 2.81 2.83 2.80

NONMETALLIC MINING AND QUARRYING. 100.80 98.78 98.08 45.O 43.9 45.2 2.24 2.25 2.17

CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION. 121.13 119.56 116.66 37.5 36.9 38.0 3.23 3.24 3.07 NONBUILDING CONSTRUCTION 120.47 118.03 117.46 41.4 40.7 42.1 2.91 2.90 2.79 Highway and street construction. 117.43 IH.9O 113.88 42.7 41.6 43.3 2.75 2.69 2.63 Other nonbuilding construction.. 123.91 123.86 120.77 40.1 39.7 40.8 3.09 3.12 2.96 BUILDING CONSTRUCTION. 120.88 119.91 116.66 36.3 35.9 36.8 3.33 3.34 3.17 GENERAL CONTRACTORS. 110.77 110.26 108.19 36.2 35.8 36.8 3.06 3.08 2.94 SPECIAL-TRADE CONTRACTORS 126.67 124.93 121.81 36.4 35.9 36.8 3.46 3.48 3.31 Plumbing and heating 134.85 132.68 128.78 38.2 37.8 38.1 3.53 3.51 3.38 Painting and decorating 118.27 116.60 114.52 35.2 34.6 35.9 3.36 3.37 3.19 Electrical work 148.99 148.23 143.91 38.9 38.5 39.0 3.83 3.85 3.69 Other special-trade contractors. 121.40 119.70 116.28 35.6 35.0 36.O 3.41 3.42 3.23

MANUFACTURING. 91.60 91.37 91.17 40.0 39.9 40.7 2.29 2.29 2.24 DURABLE GOODS.... 98.98 98.58 99.36 40.4 40.4 41.4 2.45 2.44 2.40 NONDURABLE GOODS. 82.16 81.35 79.60 39.5 39.3 39.8 2.08 2.07 2.00 Durable Goods

ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES. 107.30 107.79 105.47 40.8 41.3 41.2 2.63 2.61 2.56 LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS 83.43 81.40 82.19 40.5 40.1 41.3 2.06 2.03 1.99 Sawmills and planing mills 79.77 78.94 80.70 40.7 40.9 41.6 1.96 1.93 1.94 Sawmills and planing mills, general 81.19 80.36 81.54 40.8 41.0 41.6 1.99 1.96 1.96 South2 54.95 55.17 53.68 42.6 43.1 42.6 1.29 1.28 1.26 West8 99.96 97.61 100.61 39.2 39.2 40.9 2.55 2.49 2.46 Millwork, plywood, prefabricated structural wood products 82.76 84.42 85.90 39.6 40.2 41.7 2.09 2.10 2.06 Millwork 81.19 80.58 84.20 39.8 39.5 U2.1 2.04 2.04 2.00 Plywood 84.77 88.99 88.82 39.8 41.2 41.7 2.13 2.16 2.13 Wooden containers 62.12 62.47 61.12 40.6 41.1 41.3 1.53 1.52 1.48 Wooden boxes, other than cigar.... 61.31 62.40 61.15 40.6 41.6 41.6 1.51 1.50 1.47 Miscellaneous wood products 70.14 69.29 66.74 41.5 41.0 41.2 I.69 I.69 1.62 FURNITURE AND FIXTURES 74, 74.19 74.66 40.2 40.1 1*0.8 1.86 1.85 I.83 Household furniture. 70< 69.65 70.64 39.8 39.8 40.6 1.76 1.75 1.74 Wood household furniture, except upholstered 64, 65.25 64.43 40.8 41.3 41.3 1.58 1.58 I.56 Wood household furniture, upholstered 73. 70.69 74.29 38.1 37.4 39.1 1.92 1.89 1.90 Mattresses and bedsprings , 80, 81.24 82.21 38.9 38.5 40.9 2*07 2.11 2.01 Office, public-building, and professional furniture 88, 87.54 85.90 41.4 41.1 41.1 2.13 2.13 2.09 Wood office furniture 74, 71.66 69.OI 43.8 42.4 42.6 1.69 1.69 1.62 Metal office furniture 97- 96.29 96.12 41.1 40.8 40.9 2.37 2.36 2.35 Partitions, shelving, lockers, and fixtures 96, 94.60 95.91 41.4 40.6 41.7 2.34 2.33 2.30 Screens, blinds, and misc. furniture and fixtures 77« 76.76 75.81 40.4 40.4 41.2 1.91 1.90 1.84

STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS 93.07 92.84 92.16 41.0 40.9 41.7 2.27 2.27 2.21 Plat glass...... 124.26 124.97 134.94 39.7 39.8 42.3 3.13 3.14 3.19 Glass and glassware, pressed or blown.. 92.63 93.15 87.78 40.1 40.5 39.9 2.31 2.30 2.20 Glass containers 94.19 88.44 40.6 40.9 1*0.2 2.32 2.32 Pressed or blown glass 94.89 2.20 90.23 86.51 39.4 39.8 39.5 2.29 2.28 Glass products made of purchased glass. 90.74 2.19 73.52 74.70 38.9 38.6 40.6 1.89 1.89 1.84 Cement, hydraulic 106.14 72.95 98.88 41.3 41.0 41.2 2.57 2.54 2.40 104.14 1See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the current month are preliminary.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 33 Industry Hours and Earnings Table C-6: Gross hours and earnings of production workers,1 by industry-Continued

Average weekly hours Average hourly earnings Industry June June May June June June I960 I960 19 1959 I960 1959

Durable Goods-—Continued

STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS—Continued Structural clay products $83.22 $83.23 $81.77 41.2 4l.O 41.3 $2.02 $2.03 $1.98 Brick and hollow tile 78.63 78.49 76.97 42.5 42.2 43.0 1.85 1.86 1.79 Floor and wall tile 82.21 81.80 83.43 40.1 39.9 41.1 2.05 2.05 2,03 Sewer pipe 87.36 86.94 78.38 41.8 41.8 38.8 2.09 2.08 2.02 Clay refractories 92.58 93.60 91.87 38.9 39.0 38.6 2.38 2.40 2.38 Pottery and related products 82.24 81.70 79.80 37.9 38.O 38.O 2.17 2.15 2.10 Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products 94.60 93.74 95.58 44.0 43.4 45.3 2.15 2.16 2.11 Concrete products 92.12 90.90 92.16 44.5 43.7 45.4 2.07 2.08 2.03 Cut-stone and stone products 77-46 78.81 76.59 41.2 41.7 41.4 1.88 1.89 1.85 Miscellaneous nonmetallic mineral products. 96.72 97.44 97.86 40.3 40.6 42.0 2.40 2.40 2.33 Abrasive products 97.61 100.15 102.75 39.2 39.9 41.6 2.49 2.51 2.47 Asbestos products 101.75 101.33 103.53 41.7 41.7 43.5 2.44 2.43 2.38 Nonclay refractories 96,98 101.66 102.05 37.3 39.1 39.4 2.60 2.60 2.59 PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES 109.80 109.70 118.43 38.8 38.9 41.7 2.83 2.82 2.84 Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills , 115.81 116.21 129.38 37.6 38.1 41.6 3.08 3.05 3.11 Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills, except electrometallurgical products 115.88 116.28 129.79 37.5 38.O 41.6 3.09 3.06 3.12 Electrometallurgical products 108.14 107.87 102.29 40.2 40.4 39.8 2.69 2.67 2.57 Iron and steel foundries , 98.00 96.61 101.02 39.2 38.8 41.4 2.50 2.49 2.44 Gray-iron foundries 96.43 95.94 100.02 39.2 39.0 I 41.5 2.46 2.46 2.41 Malleable-iron foundries 91.58 89.65 96.87 38.O 37.2 40.7 2.4l 2.41 2.38 Steel foundries , 104.01 106.08 39.7 39.2 41.6 2.62 2.60 2.55 Primary smelting and refining of nonferrous metals 101.92 104.86 40.8 108.77 108.47 41.2 41.4 2.64 2.62 2.57 Primary smelting and refining of copper, lead, and zinc.., 100.60 96.88 41.4 41.4 41.4 2.43 2.42 2.34 Primary refining of aluminum 100.19 40.5 120.18 120.07 119.07 40.6 40.7 2.96 2.95 2.94 Secondary smelting and refining of nonferrous metals , 93.03 94.62 40.1 40.8 41.5 2.32 2.33 2.28 Rolling, drawing, and alloying of nonferrous metals 95.06 42.8 110.83 108.54 113.85 4l.2 40.5 2.69 2.68 2.66 Rolling, drawing, and alloying of copper 108.62 112.92 41.3 39.8 43.6 2.63 2.59 2.59 Rolling, drawing, and alloying of aluminum 103.08 42.1 114.95 115.64 116.62 41.2 41.3 2.79 2.80 2.77 Nonferrous foundries 101.91 100.77 40.6 40.6 41.3 2.51 2.50 2.44 Miscellaneous primary metal industries 101.50 42.7 109.85 110.12 118.71 39.8 2.76 2.76 2.78 Iron and steel forgings 112.90 39.9 41.0 115.02 116.44 39.2 2.88 2.89 2.84 Wire drawing 104.41 114.38 39.7 39.8 43.0 102.83 2.63 2.61 2.66 Welded and heavy-riveted pipe 109.93 122.69 39.4 39.4 42.9 2.79 2.86 109.25 39.3 2.78 FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS 99.96 99.96 99.72 40.8 40.8 4l.9 2.45 2.45 2.38 Tin cans and other tinware 117.43 116.47 113.42 42.7 42.2 42.8 2.75 2.76 2.65 Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware 93.20 93.90 93.34 40.0 40.3 41.3 2.33 2.33 2.26 Cutlery and edge tools 82.42 82.01 80.79 40.4 40.4 40.6 2.04 2.03 1.99 Hand tools 92.27 92.97 92.80 39.6 39.9 40.7 2.33 2.28 Hardware • 97.04 97.61 96.98 40.1 40.5 41.8 2.42 2.33 2.32 Heating apparatus (except electric) and plumbers' supplies. 92.51 92.28 93.43 39.2 39.1 40.8 2.36 2.41 2.29 Sanitary ware and plumbers' supplies 94.46 94.57 96.48 38.4 38.6 40.2 2.46 2.36 2.40 Oil burners, nonelectric heating and cooking apparatus, 2.45 not elsewhere classified 91.64 91.18 92.06 39.5 39.3 41.1 2.32 2.32 2.24 Fabricated structural metal products 102,26 100.86 100.19 41.4 41.0 41.4 2.47 2.46 2.42 Structural steel and ornamental metal work 102.51 100.61 99.29 41.5 40.9 41.2 2.47 2.46 2.41 Metal doors, sash, frames, molding, and trim 93.38 93.50 94.07 40.6 40.3 40.9 2.30 2.32 2.30 Boiler-shop products 105.50 105.34 100.61 41.7 41.8 40.9 2.53 2.52 2.46 Sheet-metal work 104.83 102.91 107.00 41.6 41.0 42.8 2.52 2.51 2.50 Metal stamping, coating, and engraving 106.66 108.00 105.15 41.5 41.7 42,4 2.57 2.59 2.48 Vitreous-enameled products 79.00 70.25 86.97 39.7 35.3 44.6 1.99 1.99 1.95 Stamped and pressed metal products 113.13 115.06 111.45 41.9 42.3 42.7 2.70 2.72 2.61 Lighting fixtures 90.63 89.60 91.12 40.1 40.0 41.8 2.26 2.24 2.18 Fabricated wire products 88.53 89.38 92.60 39.7 39.9 41.9 2.23 2.24 2.21 Miscellaneous fabricated metal products 95.91 95.75 101.48 40.3 40.4 43.0 2.38 2.37 2.36 Metal shipping barrels, drums, kegs, and pails 104.66 108.88 129.72 40.1 41.4 47.0 2.61 2.63 2.76 Steel springs 106.52 107.18 110.33 40.5 40.6 42.6 2.63 2.64 2.59 Bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets 98.74 97.60 104.30 40.3 40.0 43.1 2.45 2.44 2.42 Screw-machine products 42.4 2.29 92.52 92.75 93.70 40.4 40.5 2.29 2.21 MACHINERY (EXCEPT ELECTRICAL) 105.88 106.14 104.75 41.2 41.3 41.9 2.57 2.57 2.50 Engines and turbines • 113.15 113.15 112.44 40.7 40.7 41.8 2.78 2.78 2.69 Steam engines, turbines, and water wheels 119.84 118.84 115.62 40.9 40.7 41.0 2.93 2.82 Diesel and other internal-combustion engines, not 2.92 elsewhere classified lll.ll 111.52 111.72 40.7 40.7 42.0 2.73 2.66 Agricultural machinery and tractors 102.80 102.91 106.55 40.0 40.2 41.3 2.57 2.74 2.58 Tractors , 106.40 105.60 110.54 40.0 40.0 41.4 2.66 2.56 2.67 Agricultural machinery (except tractors) 99.05 100.04 100.94 40.1 40.5 41.2 2.47 2.64 2.45 See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the current month are preliminary. 2.47

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Industry Hoi Earninqs 3k Table C-6: Gross hoirs ail eaniigs of production workers,1 by intostry-Contiiied

Average weekly earnings Average weekl; r hours Average hourly e Industry June ""Hay June June May June June May June i960 i960 1959 I960 I960 1959 i960 I960 1959

Durable Goods—Continued

MACHINERY (EXCEPT ELECTR4CAL)—Continued Construction and mining machinery $102.77 &1O2.U7 $105.72 U0.3 Uo.5 U2.8 $'2.53 $2.U7 Construction and mining machinery, except for oil fields,,. IOU.60 10U.30 103.17 U0.7 U0.9 Ul.6 2! 57 2.55 2.U8 Oil-field machinery and tools... . 98.50 98.21 n2.91 39.U 39.6 k$.9 2.50 2.U8 2.U6 Metalworking machinery > 122.52 123.36 11$. 83 U3.6 U3.9 U2.9 2.81 2.81 2.70 Machine tools . . . no. 83 105.50 U2.3 1*3.1 Ul. 7 2.62 2.61 2.53 Metalworking machinery (except machine tools) nu.09 n2.#86 108.99 U2.1 Ul.8 Ul.6 2.71 2.70 2.62 Machine-tool accessories 131.71 133.3U 123.36 UU.8 U5.2 U3.9 2.9U 2.95 2.81 Special-industry machinery (except metalworking machinery^. 101.9U 102.12 99.22 U2.3 U2.2 U2.U 2.U1 2.U2 2.3U Pood-products machinery 101.93 103.75 101.76 U1.1 Ui.5 U2.U 2.U8 2.50 2.U0 Textile machinery. • 88.U1 87.78 87.13 Ul.9 Ul.8 U2.5 2.n 2.10 2.05 Paper-industries machinery n5.07 11U.36 100. n U6.U U6.3 U2.6 2.U8 2.U7 2.35 Printing-trades machinery and equipment 113.85 n3.i6 no. 17 U2.8 U2.7 U2.7 2.66 2.65 2.58 General industrial machinery • • 103.U1 103.16 102.U1 ia. 2 Ul.l Ul.8 2.51 2.51 2.U5 Pumps, air and gas compressors . 101.75 101.26 98.59 U1.7 ia. 5 Ul.6 2.UU 2.UU 2.37 Conveyors and conveying equipment 105.56 10U.12 107.61 U0.6 U0.2 U2.2 2.60 2.59 2.55 Blowers, exhaust and ventilating fans 95.U1 93.85 92.80 uo.6 39.6 U0.7 2.35 2.37 2.28 Industrial trucks, tractors, etc 102.72 105.73 107.27 U0.6 Ul.3 U2.U 2.53 2.56 2.53 Mechanical power-transmission equipment 103.12 10U.30 106.82 UO.6 U0.9 U2.9 2.5U 2.55 2.U9 Mechanical stokers and industrial furnaces and ovens...... 99.53 99.05 97.6U Ul.3 Ul.2 2.U1 2.U1 2.37 Office and store machines and devices 1O3.U2 103.28 99.38 Uo.U Uo^5 Uo.U 2.56 2.55 2.U6 Computing machines and cash registers n2.88 in. 52 ni.76 U0.9 U0.7 la. 7 2.76 2.7U 2.68 Typewriters 86.U1 9O.5U 82.U7 39.1 Uo.6 38.9 2.21 2.23 2.12 Service-industry and household machines. 98.89 99.1U 98.16 U0.2 Uo.3 U0.9 2.U6 2.U6 2.UP Domestic laundry equipment *, 96.51 9U.U9 99.29 37.7 37.2 U0.2 2.56 2.5U 2.U7 Commercial laundry, dry-cleaning, and pressing machines... 9O.U5 91.13 87.51 U0.2 Uo.5 U0.7 2.25 2.25 2.15 Sewing machines . 109.37 109.62 99.07 UU.i UU.2 Ul.8 2.U8 2.U8 2.37 Refrigerators and air-conditioning units 99.70 100.UU 98.98 U0.2 Uo.5 U0.9 2.U8 2.U8 2.U2 Miscellaneous machinery parts • . . 100.60 100.85 103.81 Uo.U Uo.5 U2.2 2.U9 2.U9 2.U6 Fabricated pipe, fittings, and valves 97.76 97.27 99.87 39.9 39.7 Ul.1 2.k$ 2.U5 2.1*3 Ball and roller bearings 99.8U 99.U5 107.93 39.0 39.0 U3.0 2.56 2.55 2.51 Machine shops (job and repair) 102.18 102.92 10U.13 la. 2 Ul.5 U2.5 2.U8 2.U8 2.U5

ELECTRICAL MACHINERY 92.23 91.37 90.58 U0.1 39.9 U0.8 2.30 2.29 2.22 Electrical generating, transmission, distribution, and industrial apparatus. « 96.88 96.2U 96.00 U0.2 U0.1 Ul.2 2.U1 2.U0 2.33 Wiring devices and supplies 82.86 82.08 82.UO 38.9 38.9 Uo.o 2.13 2.n 2.06 Carbon and graphite products (electrical). 96.96 98.U2 95.35 UO.U UO.5 Ul.1 2.U0 2.1*3 2.32 Electrical indicating, measuring, and recording instruments 89.82 89.87 86.27 U0.1 UO.3 Uo.5 2.2U 2.23 2.X3 Motors, generators, and motor-generator sets 10U.75 102.91 102.92 UO.6 U0.2 Ui.5 2.58 2.56 2.U8 Power and distribution transformers 102.91 99.90 100.60 U1.0 39.8 U1.U 2.51 2.51 2.1*3 Switchgear, switchboard,, and industrial controls 100.10 100.85 100.1*3 U0.2 Uo.5 Ui.5 2.U9 2.U9 2.U2 Electrical welding apparatus no. 85 no. 76 n5.32 U2.8 U2.6 U5.U 2.59 2.60 2.5U Electrical appliances 91.6U 91.80 89.27 39.5 39.U 39.5 2.32 2.33 2.26 Insulated wire and cable. 90.10 88.62 89.2U U2.5 U2.2 U2.7 2.12 2.10 2.09 Electrical equipment for vehicles 97.32 98.55 96.1*6 39.U 39.9 U0.7 2.U7 2.U7 2.37 Electric lamps . . ., 86.75 87.30 85.8U 38.9 39.5 UO.3 2.23 2.21 2.13 Communication equipment 89.2U 87.3U 86.67 U0.2 39.7 Uo.5 2.22 2.20 2.1U Radios, phonographs, television sets, and equipment... 86.76 85.50 85.88 39.8 39.U U0.7 2.18 2.17 2.n Radio tubes 83.60 81.37 79.00 Uo.o 39.5 39.9 2.09 2.06 Telephone, telegraph, and related equipment 10U.08 100.U5 98.66 ia. 8 U1.0 UO.6 2.U9 2.U5 1.98 2.1*3 Miscellaneous electrical products 88.1*3 89.65 88.3U 39.3 U0.2 U0.9 2.25 2.23 2.16 Storage batteries 100.15 98.15 100.U3 39.9 39.9 Ui.5 2.51 2.U6 2.U2 Primary batteries (dry and wet)... 78.88 79. OU 71.U6 Ul.6 39.7 1.91 1.90 ia. 3 1.80 X-ray and nonradio electronic tubes , 98.U9 99.$$ 97.75 U0.7 U0.8 U0.9 2.U2 2.UU 2.39 TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT no. 97 ni.66 109.06 U0.5 U0.9 U1.0 2.7U 2.73 2.66 Motor vehicles and equipment n2.U6 113.85 in. 22 UO.6 Ul.1 Ui.5 2.77 2.77 2.68 Motor vehicles, bodies, parts, and accessories.4 11U.U9 n6.i8 113.02 UO.6 Ul.2 U1.U 2.82 2.82 2.73 Truck and bus bodies 100.9U 99.70 102.77 ia. 2 ia. 2 U3.0 2.U5 2.U2 2.39 Trailers (truck and automobile) 85.80 86.U6 89.U6 39.0 39.3 U2.0 2.20 2.20 2.13 Aircraft and parts no.8U no. 29 107.98 U0.9 U1.0 U0.9 2.71 2.69 2.6U Aircraft no. 57 109.U8 107.20 U0.8 U0.7 UO.3 2.71 2.69 2.66 Aircraft engines and parts in. 92 109.30 Ul.3 Ul.3 Ui.U 2.75 2.71 2.6U Aircraft propellers and parts. 2.U9 106!85 103.58 U2.U k$.$ Ul.6 2.52 Other aircraft parts and equipment 108.Uo 109.0n8.3O6 109.30 UO.6 U1.0 U2.2 2.67 2*.66 2.59 Ship and boat building and repairing.... 105.3U 105.U6 100.7U 39.6 U0.1 39.2 2.66 2.63 2.57 Ship building and repairing. no. 88 no. 25 105.30 39.6 39.8 39.0 2.80 2.77 2.70 Boat building and repairing 80.39 8U.05 79.79 39.6 Ul.2 1*0,5 2.03 2.0U 1.97 Railroad equipment 109.U8 ni.39 1X3. U2 39.1 39.5 U0.8 2.80 2.82 2.78 Locomotives and parts 109.60 n2.88 2.82 2.72 n5.62 Uo.o U1.0 Ui.5 2.7U Railroad and street cars 109.52 109.70 113.Uo 38.7 38.9 Uo.5 2.83 2.82 2.80 Other transportation equipment 86.97 86.63 90.23 39.0 39.2 U1.2 2.23 2.21 2.19

ee footnotes at end of table. NOTE: D^ta for the current month are preliminary.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 35 Hours and Earnings

Tabli C-6: Gross boirs and oaniifs of productioi workers,1 by JBdistry-Contimed

Average weekly earnings Average weekly hours Average hourly earnings Industry June June June May June June June i960 I960 1959 I960 I960 1959 i960 i960 1959 Durable Goods—Continued

INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS. $95.1*1 $9l*.77 1*0.6 1*0.5 la. 2 $2.35 $2.29 Laboratory, scientific, and engineering instruments. Hi*. 95 112.88 112.10 1*1.8 1*1.5 1*2.3 2.75 2.72 2.65 Mechanical measuring and controlling instruments.... 93.67 93.90 95.30 1*0.2 1*0.3 1*1.8 2.33 2.33 2.28 Optical instruments and lenses 98.53 98.36 90.05 ia.i* 1*1.5 1*0.2 2.38 2.37 2. all Surgical, medical, and dental instruments 85.69 83.62 82.-62 U1.0 1*0.2 1*0.7 2.09 2.08 2.03 Ophthalmic goods ; 78.61 80.1*0 78.55 39.7 l*o.h 1*0.7 1.98 1.99 1.93 Photographic apparatus 106.86 106.31* 105.32 ia.i 1*0.9 1*1.3 2.60 2.60 2.55 Watches and clocks • 78.01 77.1a 77.1*2 39.2 38.9 39.7 1.99 1.99 1.95 MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES 77.U. 77.1*1 76.95 39.9 39.9 1*0.5 1.91* 1.91* 1.90 Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware 80.16 80.77 77.87 ho.9 1*1.0 la. 2 1.96 1.97 1.89 Jewelry and findings 76.67 77.1*6 71*. 88 1*1.0 1*1.2 ia.6 I.87 1.88 1.80 Silverware and plated ware 89.10 89.51 85.81 1*0.5 1*0.5 1*0.1 2.20 2.21 2.H* Musical instruments and parts. 90.58 87.38 86.93 1*0.8 39.9 1*1.2 2.22 2.19 2.11 Toys and sporting goods < < 69.1*5 71.16 67.69 38.8 39.1 38.9 1.79 1.82 1.7U Games, toys, dolls, and children's vehicles 65.1*9 67.73 61*. 85 3Q.3 38.7 38.6 1.71 1.75 1.68 Sporting and athletic goods . 77.61 78.00 73.26 39.8 1*0.0 39.6 1.95 1.95 1.85 Pens, pencils, other office supplies , ».... 70.88 72.18 71.69 39.6 1*0.1 1*0.5 1.79 1.80 1.77 Costume jewelry, buttons, notions 70.05 68.29 70.88 39.8 38.8 1*0.5 1.76 1.76 1.75 Fabricated plastics products .:.. 83.23 83.03 83.82 1*0.8 1*0.9 1*1.7 2.0U 2.03 2.01 Other manufacturing industries. 80.19 81.00 81.00 39.7 39.9 1*0.5 2.02 2.03 2.00

Nondurable Goods

FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS*. 88.51 88.91 85.69 1*0.6 1*0.6 1*1.0 2.18 2.19 2.09 Meat products , 98.1*9 99.55 9U.60 1*0.7 1*0.8 1*0.6 2.1|2 2.hk 2.33 Meat packing, wholesale ..., 112.32 H2.59 107.38 la. 6 1*1.7 1*1.3 2.70 2.70 2.60 Sausages and casings 10l*.l*8 103.91 100.1*9 1*2.3 U 9 1*2.1* 2.1*7 2.37 Dairy products ... 90.73 89.01 87.77 1*2.2 1*2.1* 2.07 Condensed and evaporated milk 92.16 90.83 86.10 ia.7 1*1.0 2* 21 2.10 Ice cream and ices .. 95.82 93.75 95.1*8 1*2.1* fek1*3.6 2.26 2.27 2.19 Canning and preserving. 1.69 67.86 70.05 66.1*2 37.7 la. 3 39.3 1.80 1.81 Sea food, canned and cured 5U.O8 57.3i; 62.30 30.9 35.0 1.75 1.95 1.78 Canned fruits, vegetables, and soups...... 38.7 72.91; 73.30 67.90 38.8 29.3 38.8 1.88 1.87 1.75 Grain-mill products 9l*.6l 9k. 18 92.38 1*3.1* 39.2 1*1*. 2 2.18 2.17 2.09 Flour and other grain-mill products 97.68 96.1k 96.31* 1*1*. 2 1*3.1* 1*1*.6 2.21 2.21 2.16 Prepared feeds 85.93 87.22 86.07 1*3.1* 1*3.5 \$.3 1.98 1.96 1.90 Bakery products 88.75 87.05 81*. 25 1*0.9 1*1*. 5 1*0.7 2.17 2.16 2.07 Bread and other bakery products 90.61 89.32 86.30 1*1.0 1*0.3 1*0.9 2.21 2.20 2.11 Biscuit, crackers, and pretzels 81.81 78.00 75.62 1*0.3 1*0.6 39.8 2.03 2.00 1.90 Sugar. 99.66 97.61 93.89 1*1.7 39.0 1*1.0 2.39 2.1*1 2.29 Cane-sugar refining 112.32 107.33 1O2*.13 1*3.2 1*0.5 1*2.5 2.60 2.58 2.1*5 Beet sugar . 88.20 88.55 81*. 89 39.2 1*1.6 39.3 2.25 2.30 2.16 Confectionery and related products 72.62 71.50 70.27 39.9 38.5 39.7 1.82 1.81 1.77 Confectionery 70.05 68.78 67.77 39.8 39.5 39.U 1.76 1.75 1.72 Beverages 100.37 99.79 98.77 1*0.8 1*1.5 2.i6 2.1*7 2.38 39.3 1.72 Bottled soft drinks. r. 75.1*0 73.39 77.UO 1*2.6 1*0.1* 1*5.0 1.77 1.76 Malt liquors 123.11 121.30 119.69 1*0.1 ia.7 1*0.3 3.07 3.01* 2.97 Distilled, rectified, and blended liquors. 95.80 96.1*3 91.33 39.1 39.9 38.7 2.1*5 2.1*6 2.36 Miscellaneous food products 85.91 85.90 83.80 la. 5 39.2 1*1.9 2.07 2.08 2.00 Corn sirup, sugar, oil, and starch 109.62 105.81; 109.03 h3.$ 2.52 2.52 2.1*5 1*1.3 ^.5 1.76 Manufactured ice. , 79.83 83.08 82.19 kh.6 142.0 1*6.7 1.79 1.81 TOBACCO MANUFACTURES 71.89 68.58 67.99 39.$ 38.1 39.3 1.82 1.80 1.73 Cigarettes 85.28 80.26 80.60 1*1.0 38.1* 1*0.5 2.08 2.09 1.99 Cigars 51*. 52 51*.i*3 51*.3i* 37.6 37.8 38.1* 1.1*5 U*l* i.ia Tobacco and snuff. 70.1*6 68.08 67.03 38.5 37.2 38.3 1.83 1.83 1.75 Tobacco stemming and redrying. 66.02 61.78 60.61; 39.3 37.9 37.9 1.68 1.63 1.60 TEXT1LE-MILL PRODUCTS 65.69 65.36 61*.1*6 1*0.3 1*0.1 1*0.8 1.63 1.63 1.58 Scouring and combing plants.... 7U.O3 73.15 75.85 1*2.3 la. 8 l*l*.l 1.75 1.75 1.72 Yarn and thread mills.. 59.58 59.89 60.35 39.2 39.1* 1*0.5 1.52 1.52 1.1*9 Yarn mills 60.13 60.59 60.90 39.3 39.6 1*0.6 1.53 1.53 1.50 Thread mills .... 61.60 60.96 58.31 38.5 38.1 39.1* I.60 1.60 1.1*8 Broad-woven fabric mills 66.58 66.01 61*. 02 1*1.1 ia.o 1*1.3 1.62 1.61 1.55 Cotton, silk, synthetic fiber. 65.1*1* 6U.87 62.58 1*0.9 1*0.8 1*0.9 1.60 1.59 1.53 North4 69.91* 69.70 67.1*9 1*0.9 1*0.9 1.71 1.70 1.65 2 ia.o South 6U.62 61*.1*6 61.76 1*0.9 1*0.8 1*0.9 1.58 1.58 1.51 Woolen and worsted 7l*.55 73.25 71*. 36 1*2.6 1*2.1 l*l*.o 1.75 1.71* 1.69 Narrow fabrics and smallwares-. 68.1+7 66.50 66.98 1*1.0 1*0.3 1*1.6 1.67 1.65 1.61 See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the current month are preliminary.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Industry Hours and Earnings 36

Table C-6: Gross hours aid oaniRfs of production workers,1 by industry-Continued

Average weekly earnings Average weekly hours Average hourly earnings Industry June May June June May June June Hay June I960 I960 1959 I960 I960 1959 I960 I960 1959

Nondurable Goods — Continued

TEXTILE-MILL PRODUCTS—Continued Knitting mills. $58.67 $58.22 $58.1+1 38.6 38.3 39.2 $1.52 $1.52 $1.1*9 Pull-fashioned hosiery 57.38 57.76 57.15 37.5 38.0 37.6 1.53 1.52 1.52 4 North 59.82 60.22 59.1+^ 38.1 38.6 38.1 1.57 1.56 1.56 2 South 56.17 56.55 56.1+7 37.2 37.7 37.1* 1.51 1.50 1.51 Seamless hosiery 53.86 52.88 53.27 38.2 37.5 38.6 1.1+1 l.l+l 1.38 4 North 5U.10 53.53 52.39 38.1 37.7 39.1 1.1+2 1.1+2 l.3l* 2 South , 53.86 52.88 53.13 38.2 37.5 38.5 1.1+1 1.1+1 1.38 Knit outerwear 62,08 61.66 61.15 38.8 38.3 39.2 1.60 1.61 1.56 Knit underwear 5*+.72 55.68 57.20 38.O 38.1+ 1+0.0 1.1+1+ 1.1*5 1.1*3 Dyeing and finishing textiles 75.00 71+.O5 71+.22 1+1.9 1+1.6 1+2.9 1.79 1.78 1.73 Dyeing and finishing textiles (except wool) 7^.58 73.63 71+.22 1+1.9 1+1.6 1+2.9 1.78 1.77 1.73 Carpets, rugs, other floor coverings 79.79 79.00 79.76 1+O.3 1+0.9 1.98 1.97 1+0.1 lm& Wool carpets, rugs, and carpet yarn 73.3** 71+.10 75.98 38.1+ 39.0 1+0.2 1.91 1.90 1.89 Hats (except cloth and millinery) 62.70 61.66 62.93 37.1 36.7 36.8 1.69 1.68 1.71 Miscellaneous textile goods 77.H+ 75.58 75.03 1+0.6 1+0.2 1+1.0 1.90 1.88 1.83 Felt goods (except woven felts and hats) 82.61 78.99 81.81 1+0.1 39.3 1+0.7 2.06 2.01 2.01 Lace goods 70.31 70.30 70.10 37.2 37.0 38.1 I.89 1.90 1.81+ Paddings and upholstery filling 79.98 77.81 71+.59 1+0.6 39.9 1+0.1 1.97 1.95 1.86 Processed waste and recovered fibers 61+.62 66.62 61+.79 1+0.9 1+1.9 1+1.8 1.58 1.59 1.55 Artificial leather, oilcloth, and other coated fabrics.... 106.18 102.29 103.26 1+1+.8 1*3.9 1+1+.7 2.37 2.33 2.31 Cordage and twine 62.63 62.08 63.20 38.9 38.8 1+0.0 1.61 1.60 1.58

APPAREL AND OTHER FINISHED TEXTILE PRODUCTS 55.90 55.90 55.05 36.3 36.3 36.7 1.5** 1.51* 1.50 Men's and boys' suits and coats 72.19 69.12 65.65 38.1+ 38.1+ 37.3 1.88 1.80 1.76 Men's and boys' furnishings and work clothing 1+8.99 1+8.81+ 1+9.02 37.1+ 37.0 38.3 1.31 1.32 1.28 Shirts, collars, and nightwear 1+9-52 1+9.21+ 1+9.02 37.8 37.3 38.3 1.31 1.32 1.28 Separate trousers 51.30 50.67 1+9.66 38.0 38.1 38.2 1.35 1.33 1.30 Work shirts 1+3.66 1+2.81+ 1*5.91* 37.0 36.0 39.6 1.18 1.19 1.16 Women's outerwear 57.29 59.00 57.29 33.7 3l*.5 3l*.l 1.70 1.71 1.68 Women's dresses 5^.25 60.72 5l+.77 32.1 3>*.5 32.6 I.69 1.76 1.68 Household apparel. 1+8.91 50.60 1+9.OI 35.7 36.1+ 36.3 1.37 1.39 1.35 Women's suits, coats, and skirts 69.91 63.88 68.5U 31+.1 32.1 3**.l 2.05 1.99 2.01 Womenrfs, children's under garments 50.98 51.05 51.15 35.9 35.7 36.8 1.1+2 1.1*3 1.39 Underwe.ar and nightwear, except corsets 1+8.60 1+8.28 1+8.91+ 36.O 35.5 36.8 1.35 1.36 1.33 Corsets and allied garments . . . » 55.89 56.52 56.09 35.6 36.O 36.9 1.57 1.57 1.52 Millinery 56.70 55.91+ 56.1+3 31.5 30.1+ 31.7 1.80 1.81+ 1.78 Children's outerwear 53.05 51.62 52.08 37.1 36.1 37.2 1.1*3 1.1*3 1.1+0 Miscellaneous apparel and accessories 52.1+2 52.27 52.97 36.1+ 36.3 37.3 1.1+1+ 1.1+1+ 1.1+2 Other fabricated textile products 62.27 61.66 60.13 38.2 38.3 38.3 1.63 1.61 1.57 Curtains, draperies, and other housefurnishings 52.26 52.31 51.85 36.8 37.1 37.3 1.1+2 l.i+i 1.39 Textile bags 62.1+9 62.1+0 62.09 39.3 39.0 39.3 1.59 1.60 1.58 Canvas products 63.27 63.52 61.71 1+0.3 39.7 1+0.6 1.57 1.60 1.52

PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS 96.67 96.05 9I+.60 1+2.1+ 1+2.5 1+3.0 2.28 2.26 2.20 Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills. 105.1+6 101+.61+ 102.75 1+3.1+ 1+3.6 i+i+.i 2.1+3 2.1+0 2.33 Paperboard containers and boxes... 89.61+ 88.3I+ 87.99 1+1.5 1+0.9 1+1.9 2.16 2.16 2.10 Paperboard boxes 89.02 87.12 87.36 1+1.6 1+0.9 1+2.0 2.11+ 2.13 2.08 Fiber cans, tubes, and drums 92.29 97.1+1 91.81+ 1+0.3 1+1.1 1+1.0 2.29 2.37 2.21+ Other paper and allied products... 85.70 86.11 83.1+0 1+1.1+ 1+1.8 1+1.7 2.07 2.06 2.00

PRINTING, PUBLISHING, AND ALLIED INDUSTRIES 105.51+ 106.37 102.87 38.1 38.1+ 38.1 2.77 2.77 2.70 Newsp apers 112.99 113.31 IO8.63 36.1 36.2 35.5 3.13 3.13 3.06 Periodicals 115.62 111+.37 IO8.67 1+1.0 1+0.7 1+0.1 2.82 2.81 2.71 Books , 93.60 9*1.25 90.62 1+0.0 1+0.8 39.1* 2.31+ 2.31 2.30 Commercial printing IOU.91 105.06 101.92 39.0 39.2 39.2 2.69 2.68 2.60 Lithographing 107.92 110.55 106.26 39.1 1+0.2 39.5 2.76 2.75 2.69 Greeting cards. 72.38 70.02 38.5 38.1 38.9 1.88 1.93 1.80 Bookbinding and related industries 82.1+3 73.53 80.11 38.7 38.3 38.7 2.13 2.12 2.07 Miscellaneous publishing and printing services. 111+.88 81.20 115.28 37.3 37.9 38.3 3.08 3.06 3.01 115.97 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS 105 103.58 100.1+3 1+1.8 1+1.6 1*1.5 2.52 2.1+9 2.1+2 Industrial inorganic chemicals 115 lll*.53 111.22 1+2.0 1+1.8 1*1.5 2.76 2.71+ 2.68 Alkalies and chlorine 116 115.75 110.21+ 1+2.1+ 1+2.1+ 1+1.6 2.71+ 2.73 2.65 Industrial organic chemicals. 112 110.77 106.91 1+2.3 1+1.8 1+1.6 2.67 2.65 2.57 Plastics, except synthetic rubber 116 111+.97 112.75 1+3.6 1+2.9 1+3.2 2.68 2.68 2.61 Synthetic rubber 123 122.60 121.80 1*1.5 1+1.7 1+2.0 2.97 2.91+ 2.90 Synthetic fibers 96 92.62 89.13 1+1.6 1+0.8 1+0.7 2.31 2.27 2.19 Explosives 101+ 102.36 100.1+5 1+0.9 1+0.3 1+1.0 2.55 2.51* 2.1+5 Drugs and medicines. 93.73 90.17 1+0.1+ 1+0.1+ 1+0.8 2.33 2.32 2.21 Soap, cleaning and polishing preparations |3 110.95 1O1+.55 1+1.8 1+1.1+ 1+1.0 2.71 2.68 2.55 Soap and glycerin 121+ 120.60 112.33 1+2.1 1*1.3 1+0.7 2.96 2.92 2.76

See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the current month are preliminary.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 37

Tikli C-6: Grass burs HI" tannis if ireiictiu warkirs.1 by

Average weekly earnings Average weekly hours Average hourly earnings Industry June June June June June J*qr June I960 I960 1959 I960 1959 I960 I960 1959

Nondurable Goods—Continued

CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS—Continued Paints, pigments, and fillers. $103.07 $102.*l $98.88 *1.9 *1.8 *1.9 $2.*6 $2.*5 $2.36 Paints, varnishes, lacquers, and enamels 100.32 99.90 96.60 *1.8 *1.8 *2.0 2.*0 2.39 2.30 Gum and wood chemicals 91.56 87.7* 8*.*0 *3.6 *2.8 *2.2 2.10 2.O5 2.00 Fertilizers ... 8O.56 79.7* 78.38 *2.* *3.1 *2.6 1.90 I.85 1.8* Vegetable and animal oils and fats 92.*2 89* 87.20 *3.8 *3.2 *3.6 2.11 2.07 2.00 Vegetable oils 8*.97 82.22 81.75 *3.8 *3.5 *2.8 1.9* 1.89 1.91 Animal oils and fats..... IOI.38 98.** 93.66 *3.7 *2.8 *4.6 2.32 2.30 2.10 *0.* Miscellaneous chemicals , 9*.9* 95.06 92.03 *0.8 *0.9 2.35 2.33 2.25 77.60 38.5 38.9 *0.0 Essential oils, perfumes, cosmetics... 77.77 78.19 2.02 2.01 1.9* Compressed and liquefied gases 105.66 *1.8 *2.5 *1.6 113.28 115.18 2.71 2.71 2.5*" PRODUCTS OF PETROLEUM AND COAL 119.31 H8.O3 117.79 *1.0 *0.7 *0.9 2.91 2.90 2.88 Petroleum refining .. 122.51 123.11 120.39 *0.7 *0.9 *0.* 3.01 3.01 2.98 Coke, other petroleum and coal products IO8.78 102.51 IO8.29 *2.0 *0.2 *2.3 2.59 2.55 2.56

RUBBER PRODUCTS 103.12 100.0* 98.7* *0.6 39.7 *0.3 2.5* 2.52 2.*5 Tires and inner tubes 121.80 117.51 108.93 *0.6 39.7 36.8 3.00 2.96 2.96 Rubber footwear 82.21 ai.*o 81.58 *0.3 *0.1 *1.2 2.0* 2.03 1.98 Other rubber products..., « 92.57 90.12 9*.98 *0.6 39.7 *2.* 2.28 2.27 2.2*

LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS 62.37 59.90 61.50 37.8 36.3 38.2 I.65 I.65 1.61 Leather: tanned, curried, and finished 86.05 83.07 80.9* *0.* 39.0 39.1 2.13 2.13 2.07 Industrial leather belting and packing 77.81 77.03 83.38 39.3 39.1 *1.9 1.98 1.97 1.99 Boot and shoe cut stock and findings... 59.66 58.25 58.7* 38.0 37.1 38.9 1.57 1.57 1.51 Footwear (except rubber ) 59.8* 56.80 59.** 37.* 35.5 38.1 1.60 1.60 1.56, Luggage. 66.70 65.07 65.63 39.7 38.5 39.3 1.68 I.69 I.67 Handbags and small leather goods. 57.38 57.07 5*.5* 37.5 37.3 37.1 1.53 1.53 l.*7 Gloves and miscellaneous leather goods 5**39 52.71 51.66 37.0 36.1 36.9 l.*7 l.*6 l.*0

TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES: TRANSPORTATION: Interstate railroads: Class I railroads (5) 107.59 108.28 11» *1.7 *2.8 (51 2.58 2.53 Local railways and bus lines 99.99 99.79 95.92 *3.1 *3.2 *3.6 2.32 2.31 2.20 COMMUNICATION: Telephone 88.09 87.81 85.02 39.5 39.2 39.0 •2.23 2.2* 2.18 Switchboard operating employees' < 69.9* 70.69 68.08 37.6 37.* 37.2 1.86 1.89 1.83 7 Line construction employees . I2O.98 119.71 115.*8 *2.9 *2.6 *2.3 2.82 2.81 8 Telegraph 104.00 97.75 66 *2.8 *2.5 *2.2 2.*3 2.30 OTHER PUBLIC UTILITIES: Gas and electric utilities , 109.20 109.3* 105.37 *0.9 *0.8 *1.0 2.67 2.68 2.57 Electric light and power utilities. , 109.20 109.61 106.60 *0.9 *0.9 *1.0 2.67 2.68 2.60 101.8* Gas utilities , 101.15 98.*9 *0.9 *0.3 *0.7 2.*9 2.51 2.*2 Electric light and gas utilities combined *1.2 *!.* 2.82 2.82 115.3* 116.18 110.5* *0.9 2.67

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE:

WHOLESALE TRADE 92.69 92.*6 91.13 *0.3 *0.2 *0.5 2.30 2.30 2.25

RETAIL TRADE (EXCEPT EATING AND DRINKING PLACES) 68.80 67.69 67.79 37.8 37.* 38.3 1.82 1.81 1.77 General merchandise stores. *9-7* *8.87 *'8.72 3**3 33.7 3*.8 l.*5 l.*5 l.*0 Department stores and general mail-order housei 56.35 55.0* 5*.72 35.0 3*.* 35.3 1.61 1.60 1.55 Food and liquor stores 71.96 70.60 70.29 35.8 35.3 36.8 2.01 2.00 1.91 Automotive and accessories dealers 91.73 90.87 9O.*l **.l *3.9 **.l 2.08 2.07 2.05 Apparel and accessories stores 52.82 51.56 52.55 3*.3 33.7 3*.8 1.5* 1-53 1.51 Other retail trade: Furniture and appliance stores 76.89 75.07 75.95 *0.9 *0.8 *1.5 1.88 1.8* I.83 Lumber and hardware supply stores 82.88 82.*9 80.70 *2.5 *2.3 *2.7 1.95 1.95 1.89

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE: Banks and trust companies •. 69.56 69.75 67.69 37.* 37.3 37.* 1.86 I.87 1.81 Security dealers and exchanges; 11*.7* 111.5* 123.72 Insurance carriers 88.23 88.15 85.91 See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the current month are preliminary.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 38

Table C-6: Gross hours ail taniifs if pnlictiii wtrktrs,1 by iilistry-Cutiiiel

Average weekly hours Average hourly earnings Industry June May June June May I960 I960 1959 I960 I960 SERVICE AND MISCELLANEOUS: Hotels and lodging places: Hotels, year-round9 $1*7.32 39.9 39.9 1*0.1 $1.21 $1.21 $1.18 Personal services: Laundries 1*6.92 i*o.o 39.9 1*0.1 1.22 1.22 1.17 Cleaning and dyeing plants 51*. 79 39.9 39.1* 39.7 1.1*3 1.1*2 1.38 Motion pictures; Motion-picture production and distribution. 103.15

1Por mining and manufacturing, laundries, and cleaning and dyeing plants, data refer to production and related workers; for contract construction, to construction workers; and for all other industries, to nonsupervisory workers. 2South: Includes the following 17 States—Alabama. Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, "Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia. *West: Includes California, Oregon, and Washington. *North: Includes all States except the 17 listed as South in footnote 2. 6Not available. *Data relate to employees in such occupations in the telephone industry as switchboard operators; service assistants; operating room instructors; and pay-station attendants. In 1959, such employees made up 36 percent of the total number of nonsupervisory employees in establishments reporting hours and earnings data. 7Data relate to employees in such occupations in the telephone industry as central office craftsmen; installation and exchange repair craftsmen; line, cable, and conduit craftsmen; and laborers. In 1959, such employees made up 30 percent of the total number • of nonsupervisory employees in establishments reporting hours and earnings data. 8Data relate to domestic employees except messengers. *Money payments only; additional value of board, room, uniforms, and tips, not included. NOTE: Data for the current month are preliminary.

Table C-7: Gross ail spendable average weekly eariiifs ii Mistrial ail ciistrictiu activities, ii cirreit ail 1947-49 dollarsl

Contract construction Manufacture Type of earnings June June June May June June May June I960 1959 I960 I960 1959 I960 I960 1959 Gross average weekly earnings: Current dollars $110.29 $110.70 $ni.U9 $121.13 $119.56 $116.66 $91.60 $91.37 $91.17 1947-49 dollars 87.19 87.65 89.55 95.75 91*. 66 93.70 72. Ul 72.31* 73.23 Spendable average weekly earnings: Worker with no dependents: Current dollars 88.56 88.88 89.91* 96.87 95.66 93.90 71*. 03 73.85 7U.15 1947-49 dollars , 70.01 70.37 72.21* 76.58 75. Ik 75.1*2 58.52 58.1*7 59.56 Worker with 3 dependents: Current dollars 96.90 97.23 98.31* 105.79 lOii.50 102.58 81.59 81.U1 81.71 1947-49 dollars 76.60 76.98 78.99 83.63 82.71* 82.39 6i*.5O 6U.U6 65.63

For mining and manufacturing, data refer to production and related workers; for contract construction, to construction workers. NOTE: Data for the current month are preliminary.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 39 State and Area Hours and Ea

Table C-8: Cross hoars and earniRfs of prodictioi workers ii nuifictiriif, by State aid selected areas

Average weekly e weekly hours Average hourly earnings State and area June May June June June Jane I960 I960 I960 J&L 1959 I960 JSL Iff? ALABAMA $77.20 $76.03 $76.59 40.0 39.6 40.1 $1-93 $1.92 $1.91 Birmingham. 102.66 101.81 102.06 40.1 40.4 40.5 2.56 2.52 2.52 Mobile 88.93 91.71 85.57 39.7 40.4 39.8 2.24 2.27 2.15

ARIZONA... 98.01 99.39 99.87 40.5 40.9 41.1 2.42 2.43 2.43 Phoenix.. 100.77 100.28 103.21 41.3 41.1 42.3 2.44 2.44 2.44

ARKANSAS 63.08 63.70 62.17 40.7 41.1 40.9 1.55 1.52 Little Rock-North Little Rock. 64.87 63.99 60.85 39.fi 40.5 40.3 1.63 1.58 1.SL

CALIFORNIA 104.54 103.62 103.28. 39.? 39.7 2.62 2.61 2.55 Bakersfield 107.06 107-74 102.21 4o.4 40.2 8* 2.65 2.68 2.53 Fresno 87.19 85.07 81.92 37.1 36.2 2.35 2.22 Los Angeles-Long Beach 103.46 102.29 102.82 40.1 39.8 2.58 2.57 2.52 Sacramento 110.80 113.29 114.63 4o.o 40.9 42.3 2.77 2.77 2.71 San Bernardino-Riverside-Ontario. 107.33 106.93 105.01 40.2 4o.2 40.7 2.67 2.66 2.58 San Diego 107.29 110.84 107.16 39.3 40.9 40.9 2.73 2.71 2.62 San Francisco-Oakland no.48 107.64 107.06 39.6 39.0 39.8 2,79 2.76 San Jose in. 51 112.86 104.65 41.3 41.8 41.2 2.70 2,70 # Stockton 100.00 95.89 92.27 40.0 39.3 39.6 2.50 2.44 2.33

COLORADO. 100.o4 98.90 99.30 41.0 40.7 41.9 2.44 2.43 2.37 Denver.. 98.90 98.90 95.9* 40.7 40.7 41.0 2.43 2.43 2.3*

CONNECTICUT.. 92.69 93.38 40.3 41.5 2.30 2.25 Bridgeport.. 97.03 95.06 40.6 40.8 2.39 2.33 Hartford.... 97.51 95.63 40.8 41.4 2.39 2.31 New Britain. 89.6O 93.** 39.3 41.9 2.29 2.28 2.23 Nev Eaven... & 91.25 89.13 40.2 40.7 (1) 2.27 2.19 Stamford... • 41.8 98.17 97.69 98.65 40.2 2.43 2.43 2.36 Waterbury..• 93.50 92.17 97.58 39.9 42.8 2.31 2.28 2.32

DELAWARE.... 92.29 91.35 91.84 41.2 40.6 41.0 2.24 2.25 2.24 Wilmington. 108.05 105.52 104.74 41.4 4o.9 41.4 2.61 2.58 2.53

DISTRICT OF COIUMBIA: Washington 98.85 98.21 96.15 39.7 39.6 4o.4 2.49 2.48 2.38

FLORIDA 76 A5 76.59 72.98 i.l 41.4 41.0 1.86 1.85 Jacksonville. 79.20 81.81 77.21 39.6 40.3 39.8 2.00 2.03 74.24 75-1* 72.00 40.4 40.0 1.87 1.86 Tampa-St. Petersburg. 77.88 77.65 71.68 42.2 40.5 1.85 1.84 1.77

GEORGIA.. 66.23 66.63 65.53 39.9 39.9 4o.7 1.66 I.67 1.61 Atlanta. 81.80 82.19 81.00 39.9 40.3 2.05 2.06 2.01 87.26 87.29 84.02 40.4 4l.8 2.16 2.15 2.01

IDAHO. 102.08 88.66 95.60 44.0 40.3 42.3 2.32 2.20 2.26

ILLINOIS. (1) 97.79 98.79 40.1 41.3 2.44 2.39 Chicago. (1) 99-46 100.44 40.1 41.4 (1) 2.48 2.43

INDIANA. 101.83 101.0* 103.38 40.3 40.3 41.5 2.53 2.51 2.49

IOWA 9J..84 92.50 93.78 39.5 39.9 41.2 2.32 2.32 2.28 Des Moines. 99.36 100.30 99.76 39.0 39.1 4o.O 2.55 2.56 2.49

KANSAS... 95.90 95.3* 92.36 40.9 4l.O 40.8 2.35 2.33 2.26 Topeka.. 107-54 102*09 76.34 43.0 43.3 34.4 2.22 Wichita. 4o.l 2.41 98.99 97.16 95.95 39.9 39.9 8 See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the current month are preliminary.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis State and Area Hours and Earnings ko

Table M: Gross hours and earnings if prediction workers in manufacturing, by State and selected areas-Continued

Average weekly earnings Average weekly hours Average hourly earnings State and area June May June June May June June May June 1060 1060 19ft) 1Q.5Q I960 1060 KENTUCKY.... $85.01 $85.20 $8k.66 kO.l ko.o V).7 $2.12 $2.13 $2.08 Louisville. 97-97 96.06 96.58 kO.7 39.9 kl.O 2.kl 2.kl 2.36

LOUISIANA.... 87.76 86.28 8k.25 kl.2 kO.7 kO.7 2.13 2.12 2.07 Baton Rouge. 116.72 U9.ll 109.33 kl.l kl.5 39.9 2.8k 2.87 2.7k Hew Orleans. 9O.U5 88.26 86.00 kO.2 39-k ko.o 2.25 2.2k 2.15 Shreveport.• 79-kO 80.39 83.OO kO.l k6 kl.5 1.98 1.98 2.00

MAINE 71.69 70.80 68.78 kO.5 ko.o kO.7 1.77 1.77 1.69 Lewi ston-Auburn. 61.02 58.1*0 62.33 37.9 36.5 39.7 1.61 1.60 1.57 Portland 76.63 81.36 76.22 39.5 ki.3 kl.2 1.9k 1.97 1.85

MARYLAND... 90.90 99 91.62 ko.k ko.5 ko.9 2.25 2.27 2.2k Baltimore. 96.05 96.87 96.76 kO.7 ko.7 kl.O 2.36 2.38 2.36

MASSACHUSETTS 83.60 82.58 82.22 ko.o 39.7 kO.5 2.09 2.08 2.03 Boston 89.55 88.31 87.23 39.8 39.6 k0.2 2.25 2.23 2.17 Pall River 60.06 60.52 57-ko 36.k 36.9 36.1 1.65 1.6k 1.59 New Bedford. 67.12 6^.98 66.02 38.8 38.0 39.3 1.73 1.71 1.68 Springfield-Holyoke. 89.32 88.00 89.60 k0.6 ko.o kl.l 2.20 2.20 2.18 Worcester 88.1*8 88.26 91.56 ko.k kO.3 k2.0 2.19 2.19 2.18

MICHIGAN 111.86 111.23 110.18 ko.9 kO.7 kl.5 2.7k 2.73 2.66 Detroit 118.68 118.27 119.02 ko.7 k0.6 k2.1 2.92 2.91 2.83 Flint 122.27 121.88 Ilk.87 kl.8 k2.0 kl.2 2.93 2.90 2.79 Grand Rapids 101.01 103.ki 99.51 ko.6 kl.l k0.8 2.k9 2.52 2.kk Lansing 112.23 118.29 108.02 39.8 kl.8 k0.2 2.82 2.83 2.69 Muskegon-Muskegon Heights. 103.26 102.56 99.58 39.? 39.6 kO.3 2.59 2.59 2.k7 108.8k 109.65 k ko.k kl.l kl.O 2.69 2.67 2.57

MINNESOTA... 9k.k7 93.52 93.00 ko.k kO.l ko.9 2.3k 2.33 2.27 Duluth iok.17 101.53 102.37 ko.k k0.5 39.6 2.51 2.58 Minneapolis-St. Paul. 97.15 95.85 95.9^ kO.l 39.8 kO.8 2.kl 2.35

MISSISSIPPI. 6i.kl 60.10 60. k9 ko.k 39.8 ko.6 1.52 1.51 I.k9 Jackson.... 72.kl 69.53 69.ll k2.1 ko.9 k2.k 1.72 1.70 I.63

MISSOURI 87.8k 87.15 85.80 39.5. 39.2 kO.2 2.23 2.22 2.1k Kansas City. 96.70 96.29 98.37 ko.o 39.9 kl.l 2.k2 2.k2 2.39 St. Louis... 99.15 98.90 95.90 ko.o 39.9 ko.k 2.k8 2.k8 2.38

MONTANA.. 100.9^ 98.55 ko.7 39-9 39.1 2.k8 2.k7 2.39

NEBRASKA. 88.01 88.26 8k.ko k2.k k2.7 k2.9 2.08 2.07 1.97 Omaha... 95.52 93.^9 90.26 k2.k k2.0 kl.9 2.25 2.23 2.15

NEVADA. 113.9** 113.97 107.83 k2.2 kl.9 kl.O 2.70 2.72 2.63

NEW HAMPSHIRE. 71.15 70.^5 69.60 k0.2 39.8 kO.7 1.77 1.77 1.71 Manchester... 6k.68 63.67 6k.o8 38.5 37.9 38.6 1.68 1.68 1.66

NEW JERSEY 95.7 *3 93.06 ko.k k0.2 k0.6 2.36 2.36 2.29 Jersey City 2 96.31 93.89 92.97 ko.k 39.7 kO.3 2.38 2.37 2.31 Newark 2 97.20 96.71 95.0k k0.6 k0.5 kl.O 2.39 2.39 2.32 Paterson-Clifton-Passale 2 9^.79 9k.0k 9k. 30 k0.2 39.9 kl.O 2.36 2.36 2.30 Perth Amboy 2 98.66 99.31 96.3k k0.6 ko.9 ko.6 2.k3 2.k3 2.37 Trenton 91.kk 92.53 92.60 39.5 39.9 kl.l 2.31 2.32 2.25 NEW MEXICO... 83.82 86.50 85.k6 kO.3 ko.8 k2.1 2.08 2.12 2.03 Albuquerque. 88.22 90.5k 90.9k kO.l k0.6 k2.3 2.20 2.23 2.15 See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the current month are preliminary.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 41 State and Area Hours and Earninqs Table C-8: Gross hours and earnings of prelection workers in manufacturing, by State and selected areas-Continued

Average weekly earnings Average weekly hours Average hourly earnings State and area June June June 1959 1959 I960

NEW YORK $89.75 $89.38 $88.62 39.0 38.9 39.6 $2.30 $2.30 Albany-Schenectady-Troy. 95*89 96.61 (1) 39.9 40.0 (1) 2.40 2.41 Binghamton. 83.28 80.41 2.15 2.14 80.34 38.8 37.5 39.3 Buffalo • (1) 108.76 108.16 (1) 40.4 (1) 2.69 41.0 2.23 Elmira.... 90.39 89.57 89.52 40.4 40.1 2.24 2 40.6 2.45 Nassau-Suffolk Counties ...... 100.54 98.75 98.67 40.8 40.3 2.47 2 2.24 New York City 84.45 83.96 83.14 37.7 37.5 40.9 2.24 2.31 New York-Northeastern New Jersey, 89.86 89.40 88.26 38.7 38.2 2.31 2.45 Rochester. • • « • . • (1) 99.64 97.46 40.7 (1) 39.4 2.37 Syracuse 96.69 96.21 (1) 40.9 40.6 40.6 2.18 Utica-Rome•••••••••••••••••••••• 86.31* 86.61 85.76 39.6 39.7 2 (1) Westchester County •••••• 92.97 90.52 39.8 40.0 2.32 2.33 92.39 40.5 39.8 NORTH CAROLINA. 62 .47 62.47 62.06 40.3 40.3 41.1 1.55 1.55 Charlotte , 65.93 68.39 66.49 40.2 41.2 41.3 1.64 1.66 Greensboro-High Point 60.04 61.30 61.60 38.0 38.8 40.0 1.58 1.58

NORTH DAKOTA.... , 83.81* 81.70 82.84 42.1 41.3 42.6 1.99 1.98 Fargo 86.77 85.06 86.69 39.2 38.5 40.7 2.22 2.21

OHIO , 104.34 104.09 105.75 40.3 40.1 41.5 2.59 2.60 2.55 Akron.•••.••••••••••••••••••••••< 114.74 111.37 106.92 40.1 39.2 39.6 2.86 2.84 2.70 Canton. •••• , 102.75 96.39 110,26 38.7 36.4 41.2 2.66 2.65 2.68 Cine innati •••••••••• , 100.01 99.94 97.10 41.3 41.3 41.4 2.42 2.42 2.35 Cleveland. 106.54 109.24 110.73 4o.o 40.8 42.1 2.66 2.68 2.63 2.46 Columbus • .. 100.26 99.37 97.27 40.6 40.4 1*0.8 2.47 2.38 Dayton • 112.57 111.51 III.63 41.4 41.2 42.4 2.72 2.71 2.63 Toledo.•••••••••••••••••••••••••, 105.35 105.39 109.91 39.9 40.1 40.8 2.64 2.63 2.69 Youngstown • , 110.09 106.88 126.64 37.8 36.6 42.1 2.91 2.92 3.01

OKLAHOMA. 86.10 85.67 86.74 4l.O 40.6 41.5 2.10 2.11 2.09 Oklahoma City. , 82.39 81.99 78.44 41.4 41.2 41.5 1.99 1.99 1.89 Tulsa « • 91.37 92.69 95.04 39.9 40.3 41.5 2.29 2.30 2.29

OREGON , 97.68 98.79 96.81 38.2 38.5 38.8 2.56 2.57 2.50 Portland ... 96.38 98.26 95.54 38.4 38.9 38.9 2.51 2.53 2.46

PENNSYLVANIA , 89.83 90.78 91.83 39.1 39.3 40.1 2.30 2.31 2.29 Allentownf-Bethlehem-Easton •, 87.94 89.08 86.75 38.4 38.9 38.9 2.29 2.29 2.23 Erie , 98.53 97.99 97.94 41.4 41.0 41.5 2.38 2.39 2.36 Harrisburg. •••••••• , 81.60 78.95 80.78 4o.O 38.7 39.6 2.04 2.04 2.04 Lancaster 79.19 79.20 79.35 40.2 40.0 40.9 1.97 1.98 1.94 Phi lade lphia < 94.25 94.16 93.09 39.6 39.9 40.3 2.38 2.36 2.31 Pittsburgh , 108.14 109.20 115.64 38.9 39.0 41.3 2.78 2.80 2.80 Reading ••«••••••••••••. 79.17 80.58 80.80 39.0 39.5 40.4 2.03 2.04 2.00 Scranton • • •••••'••••< 68.11 66.70 65.28 38.7 37.9 38.4 1.76 I.76 1.70 Wilkes-Barre—Hazleton , 61.85 64.13 60.92 36.6 37.5 36.7 I.69 1.71 1.66 York , 76.52 77.90 79.75 40.7 41.0 1*2.2 1.88 1.90 I.89

RHODE ISLAND 76.19 75.20 75.36 40.1 40.0 40.3 1.90 1.88 1.87 Providence .••••••••••••••••, 75.33 75.17 74.85 40.5 40.2 40.9 1.86 1.87 1.83

SOUTH CAROLINA , 64.94 64.94 62.21 41.1 41.1 41.2 1.58 1.58 1.51 Charleston • 74.93 75.35 70.18 41.4 41.4 40.8 1.81 1.82 1.72

SOUTH DAKOTA.... , 89.39 89.26 90.47 45.O 44.8 47.6 1.99 1.99 1.90 Sioux Falls • 100.94 100.78 103.49 45.0 46.0 49.8 2.24 2.19 2.08

TENNESSEE. , 74.34 73.60 70.82 40.4 40.0 40.7 1.84 1.84 1.74 Chattanooga 76.8O 75.83 75.81 40.0 39.7 41.2 1.92 1.91 1.84 Knoxville , 85.26 85.88 84.05 40.6 40.7 40.8 2.10 2.11 2.06 Memphis 81.81 81.81 71.81 40.7 40.5 38.4 2.01 2.02 1.87 Nashville , 77.71 78.14 76.70 40.9 40.7 40.8 1.90 1.92 1.88

See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the current month are preliminary.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis State and Area Hours and Ec 42 Table C-8: Gross hours and earnings if prediction workers in manufacturing, by State and selected areas-Continued

Average weekly earnings Averag e weekly hours Average hourly earnings State and area June May June June June June May June I960 I960 1959 I960 19&) 1959 i960 19&>

TEXAS $88.56 $89.62 $90.30 41.0 41.3 42.0 $2.16 $2.17 $2,15 Dallas 79.93 81.70 80.60 41.2 41.9 42.2 1.94 1.95 -1.91 Fort Worth.. 93.22 95.82 95.94 39.5 40.6 41.0 2.36 2.36 2.34 Houston.•... 105.59 107.27 105.83 41.9 42.4 42.5 2.52 2.53 2.49 San Antonio. 70.45 69.94 67.40 41,2 40.9 41.1 1.71 1.71 1.64

UEAH 103.89 99.70 98.49 40.9 40.2 40.7 2.54 2.48 2.42 Salt Lake City. 96.93 93.90 92.16 40.9 40.3 40.6 2.37 2.33 2.27

VERMONT 77.28 77.89 75.75 42.0 42.1 42.6 1.84 I.85 1.78 Burlington.• 78.88 78.47 76.65 41.3 41.3 42.2 1.91 1.90 1.82 Springfield. 92.00 95.26 90.88 42.2 43.3 43.1 2.18 2.20 2.11

VIRGINIA 73.39 71.91 69.6O 41.0 40.4 40.7 1.79 1.78 1.71 Norfolk-Portsmouth• 76.70 74.45 75.26 40.8 39.6 40.9 1.88 1.88 1.84 Richmond.•••• 82.61 79.19 78.94 41.1 40.2 40.9 2.01 1.97 1.93

WASHINGTON. 102.44 102.05 100.08 39.1 39.1 39.4 2.62 2.61 2.54 Seattle... 100.88 101.40 98.67 38.8 39.0 39.0 2.60 2.60 2.53 Spokane.•• 105.34 106.26 105.97 39.6 39.5 40.6 2.66 2.69 2.61 Tacoma.... 98.42 100.36 99.33 38.O 38.6 38.8 2.59 2.60 2.56

WEST VIRGINIA. 94.23 93.36 94.01 39.1 38.9 39.5 2.41 2.40 2.38 Charleston.•• 116.24 115.66 113.70 40.5 40.3 40.9 2.87 2.87 2,78 Wheeling 95.06 89.63 98.31 38.8 37.5 39.8 2.45 2.39 2.49

WISCONSIN.. 98.03 97.73 9^.57 41.2 40.9 41.3 2.38 2.39 2.29 Kenosha... 126.85 126.31 104.16 44.6 44.4 40.6 2.84 2.84 2.57 La Crosse. 94.32 96.72 93.24 39.7 40.7 40.0 2.37 2.38 2.33 Madison... 104.25 105.77 100.70 40.1 40.6 40.6 2.60 2.60 2.48 Milwaukee. 107.51 106.76 104.10 40.7 40.6 41.0 2.64 2.63 2.54 Racine.••• 96.23 96.23 99.50 39.5 41.0 2.44 2.44 2.43

WYOMING. 9^.83 97.12 98.30 36.9 37.5 38.7 2.57 2.59 2.5* Casper. 113.87 123.55 123.19 39.4 41.6 41.9 2.89 2.97 2.94 xNot available. 2Subarea of New York-Northeastern New Jersey. NOTE: Data for the current month are preliminary. SOURCE: Cooperating State agencies listed on inside back cover*

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis U3

Tabli 0-1: Lahir tiruvir rates ii •anfactiriii 1951 to late (Per 100 employees) May Annual Apr. June July Aug. Sept. average Total accessions

1951... 5.2 4.5 4.6 4.5 h.5 4.9 4.2 4.5 4.3 4.4 3-9 3.0 k.h 1952... 4.4 3.9 3.9 3.7 3*9 4.9 4.4 5-9 5.6 5.2 4.0 3.3 4.4 1953... '4.4 4.2 4.4 4.3 4.1 5.1 4.1 4.3 4.0 3.3 2.7 2.1 3.9 1954... 2.8 2.5 2.8 2.4 2.7. 3.5 2.9 3.3 3.4 3.6 3.3 2.5 3.0 1955... 3.3 3.2 3.6 3.5 3.8 4.3 3.4 4.5 4.4 4.1 3.3 2.5 3.7 1956... 3.3 3.1 3.1 3.3 3.4 4.2 3.3 3.8 4.1 4.2 3.0 2.3 3.4 2.8 2.8 2.2 2.9 1957... 3.2 2.8 3.0 3.9 3.2 3.2 3.3 2.9 2.5 2.2 2.4 2.5 3.0 3.8 3.3 3.9 4.0 2.8 3.0 1958... 3.4 n 3.3 3.3 3.6 3.5 3.6 4.4 3.3 3.9 3.9 3.1 3.0 3.8 3.6 19591 3.6 2.9 2.7 2.8 3.2 3.6 196©... New 1lires

1951. 3.9 3.5 3.7 3.7 3.7 k.O 3.2 3.4 3.2 3.k 2.8 2.0 3.k 1952. 3.1 2.9 2.8 2.8 2.9 3.8 3.3 3.9 k.k k.l 3.3 2.6 3.3 1953. 3.4 3.3 3.5 3.5 3.3 k.2 3.3 3.3 3.0 2.k 1.7 1.1 3.0 1954. l.k 1.3 l.k 1.2 l.k 1.9 1.6 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.3 1.6 1955.. 1.7 1.8 2.2 2.2 2.5 3.1 2.5 3.2 3.1 2.9 2.k 1.7 2.k 1956. 2.2 2.1 1.9 2.1 2.3 3.0 2.2 2.6 2.7 2.6 1.9 1.5 2.3 1957. 2.0 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.9 2.6 2.1 2.1 2.0 1.7 1.1 .7 1.8 1958. 1.0 • 9 • 9 .9 1.0 1.6 1.5 1.6 1-9 1.7 1.3 1.1 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.9 2.0 2.2 3.0 2.2 2.5 2.6 2.0 1.5 1.3 2.0 1.9 1.7 1.5 l.k 1.7 2.2~

Total separations

1951- k.l 3.8 k.l k.6 4.8 k.3 k.k 5.3 5.1 k.l k.3 3.5 k.k 1952.. k.o 3.9 3.7 k.l 3.9 3.9 5.0 k.6 k.9 k.2 3.5 3.k k.l 1953.. 3.8 3.6 k.l k.3 k.k k.2 k.3 k.Q 5.2 4.5 k.Z k.O k.3 1954.. k.3 3.5 3.7 3.8 3.3 3.1 3.1 3.5 3.9 3.3 3.0 3.0 3.5 1955.. 2.9 2.5 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.k k.O k.k 3.5 3.1 3.0 3.3 1956.. 3.6 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.7 3.k 3.2 3.9 k.k 3.5 3.3 2.8 3.5 1957.. 3.3 3.0 3.3 3.3 3.k 3.0 3.1 k.O k.k lf.0 k.O 3.8 3.6 1958.. 5.0 3.9 k.2 k.l 3.6 2.9 3.2 3.5 3.2 2.8 2.8 3.6 1959 1 3.1 2.6 2.8 3.0 2.9 2.8 3.3 3.7 k.l k.l 3.1 3.k i960., 2.9 3.0 3.7 3.6 3.3 3.2 U

19*1.. 2.1 2.1 2.5 2.7 2.8 2.5 2.k 3.1 3.1 2.5 1.9 1.4 2.4 1952.. 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 3.0 3.5 2.8 2.1 1.7 2.3 1953.. 2.1 2.2 2.5 2.7 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.9 3.1 2.1 1.5 1.1 2.3 1954.. 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.4 1.8 1.2 1.0 • 9 1.1 1955.. 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 2.2 2.8 1.8 1.4 1.1 1.6 1956.. l.k 1.3 l.k 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.5 2.2 2.6 1.7 1.3 1.0 1.6 1957.. 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.3 l.k 1.3 l.k 1.9 2.2 1.3 .9 .7 1.4 1958.. .8 .7 .7 .7 .8 .8 • 9 1.2 1.5 1.1 .8 .7 .9 1959.. .9 .8 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.8 2.2 1.4 1.0 .9 1.3 1960., 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1

Layoffs

1951.. 1.0 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.7 1.5 1.2 1952.. l.k 1.3 1.1 1.3 1.1 1.1 2.2 1.0 .7 .7 1.0 1.1 1953.. .8 .8 .9 1.0 .9 1.1 1.3 1.5 x:8 2.3 2.5 1.3 195^.. d 2.2 2.3 2.4 1.9 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.9 1955.. 1.5 1.1 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.2 1.5 1956.. 1.7 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.6 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.5 1957.. l.k 1.4 1.5 1. 1.1 1.3 1.6 1.8 2.3 2.7 2.7 1.7 1.5 1.6 1.8 1958.. 3.8 2.9 3.2 3.0 2•I 1.8 2.0 1.9 1.6 1.7 2.3 1959.. 1.7 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.0 1.4 1.4 1.5 2.8 2.6 1.7 1.6 1960., 1.3 1.5 2.2 2.0 1.6 1.6

beginning with January 1959, transfers between establishments of the same firm are included in total accessions and total separations, therefore rates for these items are not strictly comparable with prior data. Transfers comprise part of other accessions and other separations, the rates for which are not shown separately. NOTE: Data for the current month are preliminary. Data in all tables "in Section D relate to the United States without Alaska and Hawaii.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis nbor Turnover Table D-2: Lit* tirnvir rates, by iilistry

(Per 100 emplpyees) s•par at ion rates Total New 1lires Toi Industry al Quits Layoffs June May June May June May June May June May I960 I960 i960 .1260. I960 I960 I960 i?6o I960 I960 MANUFACTURING. 3.6 3.2 2.2 1.7 3.2 3.3 1.1 1.1 1.6 1.6 DURABLE GOODS 3.k 3.2 1.9 1.6 3.6 3.5 1.0 1.0 2.0 1.9 NONDURABLE GOODS1 3.9 3.3 2.6 1.9 2.5 2.9 1.3 1.3 .8 1.1

Durable Goods

ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES. 3.5 2.1 1.9 l.k 3.7 2.2 0.9 0.8 2.0 1.1 LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS 6.3 6.9 5.2 5.5 k 1 3.9 2.1 2.2 1.8 1.1 Logging camps and contractors 17.8 (2) 15.0 (2) k.6 (2) 2.3 (2) 1.6 Sawmills and planing mills 6.k k.l 3.7 - 3.6 3.7 2.1 2.2 •8 .8 Millwork, plywood, prefabricated structural wood products. 3.3 3.5 2*.5 2.k 3.5 3.8 1.6 2.0 l.k 1.2 FURNITURE AND FIXTURES 3.3 k.O 2.3 2.6 3.1 3.5 l.k 1.7 1.1 1.1 Household furniture 3.2 k.2 2.2 2.7 3.4 3.7 1.6 1.9 l.k 1.2 Other furniture and fixtures. 3.6 3.5 2.6 2.2 2.3 2.8 1.1 1.2 .6 .8 STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS. 3.3 2.8 1.8 1.5 3.6 2.8 .7 .8 2.5 1.5 Glass and glass products 3.3 2.0 1.7 5.8 2.9 .9 .9 k.k l.k Cement, hydraulic 2.1 1.5 1.3 1.2 .3 .5 .6 .k Structural clay products k.2ill 3*3 2.7 2.1 3.5 3.9 1.0 1.1 1.9 2.2 Pottery and related products... 2.1 2.k 1.2 1.3 2.2 3.0 .8 1.1 1.0 1.5 PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES 2.2 1.8 .7 .5 k.l k.k .k .5 3.8 3.k Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills 1.6 1.3 .2 .2 6!l 5.3 .2 .k k.k Iron and steel foundries 2.9 2.6 1.2 .8 3.2 3.8 .8 .7 l!8 2.5 Gray-iron foundries 3.1 2.9 1.2 .7 2.9 3.7 .9 .7 l.k 2.6 Malleable-iron foundries 3.3 l.k .6 .5 2.7 k.l 1.0 1.0 1.1 3.3 Steel foundries 2.5 2.8 1.3 1.1 3.8 3.3 .6 .6 2.6 2.1 Primary smelting and refining of nonferrous metals: Primary smelting and refining of copper, lead, and zinc. 2.1 1.8 1.8 1.6 1.0 2.3 .5 .9 (3) .2 Rolling, drawing, and alloying of nonferrous metals: Rolling, drawing, and alloying of copper 2.5 l.k .6 .3 2.0 2.2 .3 .2 1.1 1.6 Nonferrous foundries k.O 3.3 2.0 1.2 5.3 3.7 1.1 .8 3.* 2.3 Other primary metal industries: Iron and steel forgings 2.1 2.1 .7 .7 *.3 5.0 .6 .5 3.* k.2 FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS 3.9 3.9 2.2 1.7 3.5 3.k 1.0 1.0 1.9 1.8 Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware. , 2.8 3.* 1.5 1.0 2.7 3.3 1.1 .8 1.0 2.0 Cutlery and edge tools , 3.1 2.0 2.k 1.6 2.5 3.3 1.3 1.2 .8 1.7 Hand tools 2.8 2.2 2.0 1.6 1.9 2.3 1.1 .9 .k 1.0 Hardware 2.7 k.o 1.0 .7 3.1 3.5 1.0 .7 l.k 2.3 Heating apparatus (except electric) and plumbers' supplies, 2.6 2.k 1.7 1.5 2.1 3.1 .8 .9 .6 1.6 Sanitary ware and plumbers' supplies , 1.7 1.5 1.0 .8 2.1 2.6 .9 .7 .6 l.k Oil burners, nonelectric heating and cooking apparatus, not elsewhere classified. , 3.2 2.9 2.2 1.9 2.1 3*k .7 1.0 .7 1.7 Fabricated structural metal products , 5.1 k.O 3.9 2.k 3.2 3.3 1.1 1.0 1.5 1.7 Metal stamping, coating, and engraving , 5.1 1.2 1.3 k.Q 3.8 .8 1.0 2.1 MACHINERY (EXCEPT ELECTRICAL) 2.9 2.3 1.8 1.2 2.9 3.1 .8 .8 1.6 1.8 Engines and turbines..... , 2.0 1.8 1.0 -9 2.2 2.6 .6 .8 1.0 1.5 Agricultural machinery and tractors , k.k 2.9 1.0 1.1 ^•7 5.3 .7 .8 3.3 3.7 Construction and mining machinery. , 2.9 2.1 1.7 1.2 3.8 3.2 .9 .9 2.5 1.8 Metalworking machinery 2.k 2.0 1.7 1.3 2.3 2.k .8 .7 1.0 1.2 Machine tools , 2.2 1.6 l.k 1.0 2.3 2.k .9 1.0 1.3 Met alworking machinery (except machine tools) , 2.8 2.1 2.2 l.k 1.9 1.7 .7 ^7 .8 .6 Machine-tool accessories , 2.3 2.6 1.8 1.5 2.6 3.0 l.k 1.8 Special-industry machinery (except metalworking machinery), .8 .8 3.1 2.2 2.5 1.7 1.8 2.0 .8 #9 .5 .7 General industrial machinery , 3.2 2.k 2.3 1.5 2.k 2.7 .9 ,9 1.3 Office and store machines and devices 2.k 2.5 1.2 1.8 2.k 1.0 .9 1.0 Service-industry and household machines , 2^6 2.k 1.7 1.2 6.0 3.3 .8 .7 U 2.1 Miscellaneous machinery parts , 2.6 2.2 l.k .6 2.0 k.O •6 .6 '•9 3.1 ELECTRICAL MACHINERY 3.3 2.8 1.8 1.3 3.0 3.1 1.0 1.0 1.2 l.k Electrical generating, transmission, distribution, and industrial apparatus 2.6 2.0 1.5 .9 2.8 3.0 .9 .8 1.2 l.k Communication equipment 3.5 3.0 1.9 1.5 2.8 3.2 1.0 1.1 .9 1.5 Radios, phonographs, television sets, and equipment..... 5.2 k.2 2.5 2.0 3.8 k.O 1.1 1.2 l.k 2.0 Telephone, telegraph, and related equipment 1.8 .9 1.6 .6 1.3 1.3 - .6 | •7 ' .1 .2 Electrical appliances, lamps, and miscellaneous products. k.k k.3 2.7 1.6 3.7 3.7 1.0 1«2~ 1.9 1.8 See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the current month are preliminary.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis U5

Table 0-2: Labor turnover rates, by industry-Continued

(Per 100 employees) Separation rates Total New hires Total Quits Layoffs Industry June May June May June May June May June May I960 I960 I960 I960 I960 I960 l?6p_ JL960_ I960 I960

Durable Goods — Continued

TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT. 3.5 3.3 l.U 1'.2 U.O 3.8 0.9 0.8 2.5 2.U vehicles and equipment (2) 3.3 .8 (2) 3.U (2) .6 (2) 2.1 aft and parts 2.3 1.5 a .8 2.9 2.7 1.1 1.0 1.5 1.U raft 2.0 1.U 1.2 .7 2.8 2.6 1.1 1.0 I.U 1.3 raft engines and parts 3.2 1.5 1.6 .6 2.5 2.5 .6 .7 1.U 1.5 raft propellers and parts (2) 2.2 (2) 1.8 (2) 1.5 (2) .8 (2) .3 r aircraft parts and equipment.. U.2 2.9 2.6 1.7 U.6 U.7 1.9 1.U 2.1 2.5 Ship and boat building and repairing. 8.2 10.0 2.8 U.2 9.7 9.6 1.8 1.7 7.1 7.1 oad equipment 8.2 8.0 1.9 3.1 8.2 7.7 .7 .7 5.9 6.0 motives and parts. (2) 6.7 (2) U.8 (2) 2.7 (2) .9 (2) .7 Railroad and street cars 8.7 8.7 .7 2.2 9.5 10.U .3 .6 7.6 8.8 Other transportation equipment. 2.7 3.U 1.9 1.6 1.6 2.3 1.0 1.1 .1 .u INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS 2.8 2.0 2.2 1.3 2.U 2.3 1.0 .8 .9 1.0 Photographic apparatus (2) 1.1 (2) .8 (2) 1.0 (2) .5 (2) .2 Watches and clocks 2.9 3.2 1.0 1.2 2.9 U.8 1.1 .8 1.1 3.1 Professional and scientific instruments. 3.3 2.1 2.7 1.5 2.7 2.1 1.1 .9 1.1 .9 MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES- U.O h.9 2.5 2.6 3.9 3.9 1.3 1.5 1.8 1.7 Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware.. 2.5 1.9 2.1 1.5 2.0 2.1 1.2 1.1 .2 .7

Nondurable Goods

FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS. 5.0 lt.6 3.0 2.2 2.7 3.7 1.0 1.1 1.3 2.1 Meat products 3.7 5.h l.U 1.1 1.9 3.5 .5 .6 1.1 2.5 Grain-mill products 5.1 3.6 3.1 1.7 3.5 2.8 .9 .7 2.3 1.7 Bakery products 5.3 3.7 3.8 3.1 3.0 3.5 i.U 1.6 .9 1.2 Beverages: Malt liquors (2) k.9 (2) 2.8 (2) 3.0 (2) .6 (2) 2.0 TOBACCO MANUFACTURES. 1.2 2.5 .8 1.3 1.3 1.5 .7 .9 .2 .u Cigarettes 2.1 .2 1.0 .3 .9 .1 .5 (3) .3 Cigars , 2..u3 3.2 1.5 1.7 2.6 2.6 1.7 1.6 .5 .6 Tobacco and snuff... 2.3 1.7 1.5 .7 1.U 1.1 .2 .5 .3 .2 TEXT ILE-MILL PRODUCTS 3.5 3.3 2.3 2.0 2.8 2.9 1.5 1.6 .8 .9 Yarn and thread mills 3.6 3.3 2.5 2.3 3.1 3.1 1.6 1.9 1.0 .7 Broad-woven fabric mills 3.2 2.7 2.0 1.6 2.8 2.8 1.6 1.6 .7 .7 Cotton, silk, synthetic fiber...... 2.9 2.5 1.8 1.5 2.6 2.6 1.6 1.6 .6 .6 Woolen and worsted 5.2 U.5 3.2 2.7 U.o U.o 1.7 1.9 1.7 1.5 Knitting mills U.8 5.U 3.k 3.1 2.9 3.1 2.0 2.0 .5 .8 Full-fashioned hosiery (2) 7.6 (2) 2.3 (2) 2.5 (2) 1.9 (2) .3 Seamless hosiery. 6.1 U.o 3.6 2.7 2.7 3.2 1.9 1.8 .5 1.1 Knit underwear (2) 2.8 (2) 2.0 (2) 2.7 (2) 1.7 (2) .8 Dyeing and finishing textiles 2.2 1.6 1.U 1.1 1.7 1.7 .5 .7 .8 .7 Carpets, rugs, other floor coverings. (2) 2.0 (2) .7 (2) U.6 (2) .6 (2) 3.7 APPAREL AND OTHER FINISHED TEXTILE PRODUCTS 3.8 U.O 2.8 2.8 2.8 U.0 2.1 2.6 .5 1.0 Men's and boys' suits and coats 3.U 3.9 2.6 3.0 1.9 U.7 1.3 1.8 .3 2.U Men's and boys' furnishings and work clothing. U.I U.2 3.1 3.0 2.9 3.7 2.3 2.8 .3 .7 PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS 3.8 2.5 2.8 1.8 2.5 2.3 1.1 1.0 .8 .8 Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills. 3.5 1.7 2.8 1.2 1.3 1.3 .6 .5 .U .5 Paperboard containers and boxes... k.3 3.6 3.1 2.U 3.1 3.1 1.6 1.U .8 .8 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS... 3.0 1.7 2.5 1.2 1.U 1.3 .7 .6 .u .u Industrial inorganic chemicals. 2.9 1.5 2.2 1.1 .9 1.8 .5 .6 .1 .8 Industrial organic chemicals. .. 2.U 1.3 1.8 .8 1.0 .9 .U .3 .3 .3 Synthetic fibers 2.5 1.3 1.6 .5 .8 .9 .2 .3 .5 Drugs and medicines 3.2 1.3 2.8 .9 1.1 1.5 .u6 .8 .2 .5 Paints, pigments, and fillers. . 3.U 2.0 2.6 l.U 1.6 1.2 .6 .5 .5 .2 PRODUCTS OF PETROLEUM AND COAL- 1.8 1.2 1.2 .8 1.3 .9 .3 .3 .5 .3 Petroleum refining 1.U .8 1.0 .7 .9 .8 .3 .2 .2 .3 RUBBER PRODUCTS 3.3 2.7 1.1 .7 3.0 2.7 .8 .8 1.7 1.5 Tires and inner tubes. 2.3 1.5 .8 .3 1.8 1.6 .3 .3 1.2 1.0 Rubber footwear it. 3 U.O 1.7 1.U U.3 h.5 1.8 2.1 1.2 1.7 Other rubber products. 3.9 3.U 1.3 .9 3.8 3.2 1.1 .9 2.2 1.9 LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS 5.7 5.1 3.9 2.6 3.6 U.2 2.U 2.0 .8 1.6 Leather: tanned, curried, and finished. 3.8 3.0 2.5 1.1 2.5 2.U .8 .6 1.2 1.5 Footwear ( exqept rubber ) 6.0 5.h U.1 2.8 3.8 u.u 2.6 2.2 .8 1.7 See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the current month are preliminary.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Takd 0-2: Libtr tiriinr rates, by iiiistrjf-Cutiiiel

(Per 100 employees) Accession rates Separation rates Total New hires Total Quits Layoffs Industry June June June May June June I960 I960 I960 I960 I960 i960 I960 I960 3b N0NMANUFACTURIN6:

METAL MINING 3.2 3.6 2.2 2.2 2.0 2.7 0.8 1.6 O.k 0.2 Iron mining 2.9 1.8 1.2 1.1 2.3 1.3 .3 .6 .5 Copper mining (2) 2.6 (2) 1.1 (2) 2.5 1-3 (2) .1 Lead and zinc mining. 3.6 2.7 3.2 1.9 2.5 3.9 1.6 2.2 .2 .2

ANTHRACITE MINING 2.5 1.0 .6 .1 k.l 3.1 .1 .7 2.8 1.6

BITUMINOUS-COAL MINING. 1.1 1.0 .6 .5 k.k k.O .3 .3 3.8 3.5

COMMUNICATION: Telephone.. (2) 1.5 (2) (2) l.k (2) 1.1 (2) .1 Telegraph* (2) (2) • (2) 1.9 (2) .9 (2) .6

*Data for the printing, publishing, and allied industries group are excluded. Ttot available. *Less than 0.05* itota relate to donestic employees except messengers. HOTEt Data for the current month are preliminary.

Tibli D-3: Lalir timver rates ii •aufactinif, ly su ail Major industry group1

April I960

Men (per 100 men) Women (per 100 women) Major industry group Total Separations Total Separations accessions Total Quits accessions Total Quits

MANUFACTURING. 2.6 3.5 1.0 3.3 k.2 1.6 DURABLE GOODS.... 2.7 3.8 1.0 3.1 k.k l.U NONDURABLE GOODS. 2 A 2.5 1.0 3A k.O 1.9

Durable Goods

Ordnance and accessories 1.9 2.9 .8 2.2 3.8 1.5 Lumber and wood products 5.5 5.1 2 A 6.9 2.5 1.6 Furniture and fixtures 3 .k k .k 2.0 3.8 3.6 1.5 Stone, clay, and glass products 2.7 2.8 .6 2.9 k.O 1.3 Primary metal industries 1.6 3.6 .5 2.0 3.1 1.0 Fabricated metal products 3.2 k.2 .9 3.3 5.5 1.2 Machinery (except electrical) 1.9 3.1 .8 2.1 3.5 1.3 Electrical machinery 1-9 3.2 .8 2.5 k.k 1.5 Transportation equipment 3.2 5.0 .8 2.0 3.7 1.0 Instruments and related products 1.6 1.7 .8 2.3 3.1 1.1 Miscellaneous manufacturing industries. 3.7 3.8 1-5 6.9 6.9 1.9

Nondurable Goods

Food and kindred products U.I 3.2 .9 5.7 5.0 l.k Tobacco manufactures 1.3 l.k .6 1.3 1.9 1.0 Textile-mill products 2.6 3.3 1.7 3.1 3.8 1.7 Apparel and other finished textile products.. 3.2 3.5 2.1 3 A k.l 2.5 Paper and allied products 1.9 1.9 .8 3.5 3 A 1.5 Chemicals and allied products 1.2 1.2 .k 2.3 3.1 1.3 Products of petroleum and coal .7 1.1 .2 1.1 1.8 1.1 Rubber products « l.k 2.7 .6 2.6 6.3 1.1 Leather and leather products 2.9 *.9 1.9 3.1 k.2 2.0

^hese figures are based on a slightly smaller sample than those in tables D-l and D-2, inasmuch as some firms do not report separate data for women. Data for the printing, publishing, and allied industries group are excluded.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 47

TahJt M: Later tirnvir ritis ii •mfactiriif fir selected Statis ail areas

(Per 100 employees) Accession rates Separation rates New hires State and area Layoffs & I ALABAMA. 1 4.0 3.9 2.3 2.0 4.0 3.5 1.1 1.1 2.k 1 2.0 Mobile 9.3 9.8 5.8 3.7 l.k 6.k 1.6 2.0 k.9 3.9

ARIZONA •• 5.1 5.7 k.k k.k 5.2 k.k 2.3 2.1 2.2 1.7 Phoenix 5.7 5.7 5.0 5.0 6.1 k.9 2.7 2.k 2.6 1.7

ARKANSAS 5.3 6.3 3.7 3.9 4.9 k.O 2.5 2.2 1.9 1.3 Little Rock-North Little Rock 4.7 4.5 3.1 3.6 e.k k.9 2.k 2.5 3.6 1.7

CALIFORNIA: Los Angeles-Long Beach 1 .... 4.0 4.0 3.0 2.9 k.l 5.5 1.8 2.0 2.1 2.6 San Diego 1 • 2.7 2.2 1.9 1.6 l.k k.k 1.1 l.k 1.8 2.5 1 San Francisco-Oakland ..... 4.6 2.8 2.7 4.8 k.6 1.3 1.5 2.6 2.4 San Jose 1 .•• , 3.4 3.6 2.8 3.1 2.6 3.0 1.5 1.5 .9 .5

CONNECTICUT . 2.6 2.2 1.5 3.0 3.1 1.1 1.2 l.k 1.4 Bridgeport • ••••< 2.0 1.7 1.2 1.1 2.8 2.8 .8 .9 1.6 1.5 Hartford .••...... 2.2 2.3 1.5 2.6 2.6 l.l 1.5 .9 1.1 1.3 New Britain ••••••• 1.8 1.0 3.7 2.2 1.5 1.1 2.7 .8 .9 1.5 New Haven*•••• 2.7 1.8 1.8 1.3 2.7 2.7 .9 1.2 1.1 Waterbury. •••••••••• •. 2.3 1.7 .9 .8 2.7 2.7 1.4 1.0 .9

DELAWARE , 2.5 2.6 1.5 1.7 2.3 3.3 1.1 1.0 .6 1.6 Wilmington 2.2 2.2 1.2 1.3 1.9 2.9 .8 .8 1.6

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA: Washington.••••••••••••••••••. 4.0 4.5 k.2 3.7 k.k 2.3 2.9 1.0

FLORIDA 5.6 6.k k.O k.l 6.6 6.1 2.5 2.7 3. 3.3 Jacksonville. • 8.2 8.0 4.5 3.2 7.1 2.3 2.3 6.1 4.3 Miami. 5.8 5.2 4.3 U 6.0 2.7 2.6 3.4 2.7 Tampa-St. Petersburg. 4.4 2.5 3.3 6.0 7.2 2.0 2.5 3*5 3.9

GEORGIA 3.7 3.6 2.k 2.5 3.8 3.8 1.7 1.7 1.5 1.5 3.2 3.1 2.3 2.1 3.7 3.9 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.8 Atlanta 2 10.8 7.6 6.4 5.0 k.l 7.1 2.1 2.6 1.3 3.9 IDAHO 3 (4) 3.0 00 1.5 00 3.9 (4) 1.1 (4) 2.3 2.5 2.0 1.2 1.1 3.7 3.2 1.0 1.0 2.2 1.8 INDIANA 1 Indianapolis ^ ••*..•...... 4 IOWA 4.5 k.l 1.9 2.0 3.8 k.k l.k 1.4 2.0 2.5 Des Moines 4.2 k.l 3.3 3 A 3.9 5.4 2.3 2.3 1.2 2.6

KANSAS6 3.7 3.0 2.1 1.7 3.7 1.2 1.2 2.0 2.1 Topeka... 3.2 2.6 2.1 1.3 2.7 l.k 1.0 1.8 1.4 Wichita 6 2.0 2.0 1.3 1.1 3.3 3.3 1.0 1.2 1.8 1.7

KENTUCKY. • • 3.2 3.3 1.5 1.7 4.9 3.2 1.0 1.0 3.4 1.8

LOUISIANA 4.2 k.2 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.7 .8 1.0 1.0 1.1

MAINE 6.5 3.6 3.6 1.8 3.6 4.3 1.9 1.7 1.2 2.1 2.6 2.1 1.8 Portland •••••••••• 4.3 2.0 1.9 1.3 1.1 .5 .5

MARYLAND 3.4 3.4 2.0 1.8 3.1 3.5 1.0 1.1 1.7 1.9 Baltimore 3.2 3.1 1.8 1.7 3.1 3.4 .9 1.0 1.7 1.9 See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the current month are preliminary.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis State and Area Labor Turnover.

Table D-4: Labor turnover rates ii •annfactiriig fir selected States and areas-Continued

(Per 100 employees) Separation rates Tot al New hires Total Quits Layoffs Apr. May Apr. May Apr. May Apr. 19& M. 5^o I960 I960 i960 I960 I960 I960 I960 MASSACHUSETTS 3.5 3.1 2.2 2.0 3.7 1+.2 1.1+ 1.5 1.6 2.0 3-3 3.2 2.0 2.0 3.3 1+.2 1.5 1.5 1.1 1.8 Fall River • 3*1 3*3 1.9 2.1 5.1 ^.9 1.7 1.6 2.9 2.8 New Bedford 3*5 l.k 1.9 2.3 3.8 5.6 1.1+ 1.7 1.9 3.k k.l 2.8 2.1 1.7 3.7 l+.O 1.1 1.1 2.2 2.1+ 3.0 2.8 2.1 2.1 2.8 2.8 1.2 1.1+ 1.1 1.0

MINNESOTA • 1+.6 1+.1 2.9 2.2 k.6 1+.2 1.6 1.7 2.5 I.9 k.5 k.3 2.9 2.3 k.3 k.k 1.6 1.8 2.2 2.0

MISSISSIPPI 1+.6 3.8 3.5 2.8 k.l k.k 1.9 1.9 2.3 1.9 3.5 3.8 3.2 3.0 5.1 k.3 1.5 1.7 3.2 1.7

MISSOURI 3.9 3*7 2.8 3.8 1+.1+ 1.7 1.6 1.6 2.3

MONTANA 5 6.3 7*5 1+.5 If.7 k.6 5.6 1.7 1.9 1.0 1.1+

NEVADA • 1+.2 5.9 3.k 5.3 5.3 5.k 3.3 2.8 1.3 .9

NEW HAMPSHIRE 1+.8 3*5 3*7 2.5 k.l k.5 2.5 2.2 1.5 1.5

NEW MEXICO t ••••• 5.0 6.8 3*7 5.9 k.l 6.9 2.2 3.6 1.1 2.0 3.5 3.9 3.1 3.7 2.6 3.5 1.6 1.7 .6 1.0

NEW YORK. ...•••• 1+.0 3.k 2.3 2.0 k.3 1+.8 1.1 1.2 2.5 3.0 2.9 2.1 1.2 .6 2.1+ 2.5 .7 .6 .6 .9 2.2 1.6 1.1 .8 2.6 2.6 1.1 1.2 .5 .5 Buffalo • 2.6 2.2 1.1+ 1.0 3.2 2.9 .6 .7 2.2 1+.5 3.8 1.8 1.7 k.3 l+.O 1.1 1.0 2.3 2.2 2.9 2.5 2.0 1.8 2.9 1.1 1.1+ 1.3 1.2 New York City. 5*1 2.9 2.9 5.7 1.2 1.3 3.7 k.5 2.1 1.8 1.1+ 1.1 2.0 2.2 •9 .8 1.1 2.8 2.1 1.7 1.2 3.2 3.1 1.0 1.1 1.5 1.6 Utica-Rome•••••••••••••••••••••.. 3.6 3.2 2.0 1.1 2.9 l+.l 1.0 1.1 1.3 2.5 3.2 3.7 2.5 2.2 3.7 k.3 1.3 1.5 1.9 2.2

NORTH CAROLINA. 3.2 2.9 2.1+ 2.2 3.1 3.2 1.8 1.7 .8 1.0 2.7 3.6 2.3 3.0 3.3 3^ 1.6 2.0 1.0 .5 2.5 2.3 2.1 2.0 3.0 3.5 1.9 2.2 .1+ .7

7.1+ 7.1+ 1+.7 2.3 3.3 2.3 2.1+ 1.1+ .3 .3 6.1 6.7 3.8 2.1 2.7 2.3 2.2 1.2 .3 .2

OKLAHOMA 8 k.5 k.l 3.3 2.7 1+.1+ 1+.0 2.0 1.6 1.8 1.9 Oklahom Citv 6.6 6.0 k.3 1+.0 5.2 1+.2 2.8 2.1 1.7 1.5 3.5 3.6 2.7 3.9 l+.O 2.0 1.5 1.6 1.7 2.8 OREGON x • 6.1 6.3 k.5 5.2 5.7 2.3 2.5 2.1 2.1+ Portland * ..••••••»••••• • 1+.1+ 5.0 3.3 3.k ^.7 ^7 1.6 1.6 2/5 1+.8

RHODE ISLAND 5.0 ^.5 3.0 2.8 5.0 6.1 2.0 2.0 2.2 3.3 k.l l+.l 2.8 2.5 1+.8 5.9 2.0 1.9 2.1 3.1

SOUTH CAROLINA 9 • 3.9 3*5 2.8 2.5 3.7 3-5 2.0 1.9 1.0 .9 7.6 9.1 k.6 k.k 9.2 9.9 2.1 2.0 5.^ 6.2

See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the current month are preliminary.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis State and Area labor Turnover Table D-4: Labor turnover rates in manufacturing for selected States and areas-Continued

(Per 100 employees) Accession rates Separation rates State and area May Apr. T6£ Apr. Apr. W i960 i960 I960 i960 i960 I960 I960 I960 1960

SOUTH DAKOTA. 7.6 7.2 4.4 3.0 5.6 4.7 2.4 1.9 2.7 2.5 Sioux Palls. 5.7 6.2 1.5 1.1 5.2 4.9 1.5 1.7 3.5 3.0

3.4 3.3 2.1 2.0 3.2 3.4 1.2 1.3 1.6 1.6 Chattanooga. 3A 2.9 2.1 1.9 2.5 2.9 1.1 1.2 1.0 1.2 Khoxville... 1.8 1.9 .9 .8 2.2 9 .6 .9 Memphis 3.0 3.8 2.0 2.8 3.4 f' 1.1 •7 1.8 Nashville... 4.6 3-3 2.3 2.2 3.3 4.1 1.4 1.5 2.4 4.3 1.5 TEXAS 10 2.6 2.9 1.9 2.1 2.4 3.1 1.2 .8 1.3 1.4 VERMONT 2.7 2.1 1.4 3.3 3.6 1.8 1.5 1.0 Burlington.. 2.2 1.3 .7 2.6 3.6 1.7 1.7 .4 Springfield. 1.6 1.8 .8 1.2 1.8 2.6 1.0 • 9 .5 1.5

VIRGINIA... 3.3 3.3 2.3 2.2 3.5 3.8 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.7 Richmond.. 3.2 3-7 2.4 2.6 3.1 4.4 1.4 1.8 1.1 1.8

WASHINGTON 4.1 4.2 2.9 2.6 4.3 3.4 1.7 1.7 2.0 1.1

WEST VIRGINIA. 2.8 2.0 1.1 2.6 2.5 .6 .5 1.5 Charleston... 1.2 1.1 .7 1.0 1.3 .2 .6 Wheeling 3.6 1.9 .5 5.4 5.9 .7 '.6 4.1 4.6 1 Excludes canning and preserving. 2 Excludes agricultural chemicals, and miscellaneous manufacturing industries. 3 Excludes canning and preserving, and sugar. * Not available. 5Excludes canning and preserving, and newspapers. 6Excludes instruments and related products. 7 Excludes furniture and fixtures. 8 Excludes new-hire rate for transportation equipment. 9 Excludes tobacco stemming and redrying. 10 Excludes canning and preserving, sugar, and tobacco NOTE: Data for the current month are preliminary. SOURCE: Cooperating State agencies listed on inside back cover.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Explanatory Notes

Additional information concerning the preparation of the

labor force, employment, hours and earnings, and labor

turnover series--concepts and scope, survey methods, and

limitations—is contained in technical notes for each of

these series, available from the Bureau of Labor Statis-

tics free of charge. Use order blank on page 9-E.

INTRODUCTION hours during the survey week. In the figures based on establishment records, persons who worked in more than one estab- The statistics in this periodical are compiled from lishment during the reporting period are counted each time tvo major sources: (1) household interviews and (2) payroll their names appear on payrolls. reports from employers. Unpaid absences from Jobs* The household Data based on household Interviews are obtained from survey includes among the employed all persons who had jobs but a sample survey of the population. The survey is conducted were not at work during the I survey week—that is, were not each month by the Bureau of the Census for the Bureau of Labor working or looking for work but had jobs from which they were Statistics and provides a comprehensive measure of the labor temporarily absent because of illness, bad weather, vacation, force, i.e., the total number of persons Ik years of age and labor-management dispute, or because they were taking time off over who are employed or unemployed. It also provides data on for various other reasons, whether or not they were paid by their personal and economic characteristics such as age, sex, their employers for the time off. In the figures based on pay- color, marital status, occupations, hours of work, and duration roll reports, persons on paid sick leave, paid vacation, or of unemployment. The information is collected by trained inter- paid holiday are Included, but not those on leave without pay viewers from a sample of about 35,000 households in 330 areas for the entire payroll period. throughout the country and is based on the activity or status reported for the calendar veek ending nearest the 15th of the Hours of Work month. The household survey measures hours actually worked Data based on establishment payroll records are com- whereas the payroll survey measures hours paid for by employers. piled each month from mail questionnaires by the Bureau of In the household survey data, all persons with a job but not at Labor Statistics, in cooperation with State agencies. The pay- work are excluded from the hours distributions and the computa- roll survey provides detailed industry information on nonagri- tions of average hours. In the payroll survey, employees on cultural wage and salary employment, average veekly hours, paid vacation, paid holiday, or paid sick leave are included average hourly and veekly earnings, and labor turnover for the and assigned the number of hours for which they were paid Nation, States, and metropolitan areas. during the reporting period.

The figures are based on payroll reports from a Comparability of the household interview data with other series sample of 180,000 establishments employing about 25 million nonfarm wage and salary workers. The data relate to all Unemployment Insurance data. The unemployed total workers, full- or part-time, who received pay during the pay- from the household survey includes all persons who did not work roll period ending nearest the 15th of the month. at all during the survey week and twere looking for work or were waiting to be called back to a job from which they had been Relation between the household and payroll series laid off, regardless of whether or not they were eligible for unemployment insurance. Figures on unemployment insurance The household and payroll data supplement one another, claims, prepared by the Bureau of Employment Security of the each providing significant types of information that the other Department of Labor, exclude persons who have exhausted their cannot suitably supply. Population characteristics, for benefit rights, new workers who have not earned rights to unem- example, are readily obtained only from the household survey ployment insurance, and persons losing Jobs not covered by un- whereas detailed industrial classifications can be reliably de- employment insurance systems (agriculture, State and local rived only from establishment reports. government, domestic service, self-employed, unpaid family work, nonprofit organizations, and firms below a minimum size). Data from these two sources differ from each other because of differences in definition and coverage, sources of In addition, the qualifications for drawing unemploy- information, methods of collection, and estimating procedures. ment compensation differ from the definition of unemployment Sampling variability and response errors are additional reasons used in the household survey. For example, persons with a job for discrepancies. The factors which have a differential effect but not at work and persons working only a few hours during the on levels and trends of the two series are described below: week are sometimes eligible for unemployment compensation, but are classified as employed rather than unemployed in the house- Employment hold survey.

Coverage. The household survey definition Agricultural employment estimates of the Department of of employment comprises wage and salary workers (including do- Agriculture. The principal differences in coverage are the in- mestics and other private household workers), self-employed clusion of persons under Ik in the Agricultural Marketing persons, and unpaid workers who worked 15 hours or more during Service (AMS) series and the treatment of dual jobholders who the survey week in family-operated enterprises. Employment in are counted more than once if they worked on more than one farm both farm and nonfarm industries is included. The payroll sur- during the reporting period. There are also wide differences in vey covers only wage and salary employees on the payrolls of sampling techniques and collecting and estimating methods, which nonfarm establishments. cannot be readily measured in terms of impact on differences in level and trend of the two series. Multiple jobholding. The household approach provides information on the work status of the population with- Comparability of the payroll employment data with other series out duplication since each person is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force. Employed persons holding Statistics on manufactures and business, Bureau of more than one job are counted only once, and are classified ac- the Census. BLS establishment statistics on employment differ cording to the job at which they worked the greatest number of from employment counts derived by the Bureau of the Census from

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Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis its censuses or annual sanple surveys of manufacturing estab- Each employed person is counted only once. Those who lishments and the censuses of business establishments. The Ma- held more than one job are counted in the job at which they jor reason for lack of comparability is different treatment of worked the greatest number of hours during the survey week. business units considered parts of an establishment, such as central administrative offices and auxiliary units, and in the Included in the total are employed citizens of for- industrial classification of establishments due to different eign countries, temporarily in the United States, who are not reporting patterns by multi-unit companies. There are also dif- living on the premises of an Embassy (e.g., Mexican migratory ferences in the scope of the industries covered, e.g., the farm workers). Census of Business excludes professional services, transportation companies, and financial establishments, while these are Excluded are persons whose only activity consisted of included in BLS statistics. work around the house (such as own home housework, and painting or repairing own home) or volunteer work for religious, chari- County Business Patterns. Data in County Business table, and similar organizations. Patterns, published jointly by the U.S. Departments of Commerce and Health, Education, and Welfare, differ from BLS establish- Unemployed Persons comprise all persons who did not ment statistics in the units considered integral parts of an work at all during the survey week and were looking for work, establishment and in industrial classification. In addition, regardless of whether or not they were eligible for unemploy- CBP data exclude employment in nonprofit institutions, inter- ment insurance. Also included as unemployed are those who did state railroads, and government. not work at all and (a) were waiting to be called back to a job from which they had been laid off; or (b) were waiting to re- Employment covered by Unemployment Insurance programs. port to a new wage or salary job within 30 days (and were not Not all nonfarm vage and salary workers are covered by the Unem- in school during the survey week); or (c) would have been look- ployment Insurance programs. All vorkers in certain activities, ing for work except that they were temporarily ill or believed such as nonprofit organizations and interstate railroads, are no work was available in their line of work or in the community. excluded. In addition, small firms in covered industries are Persons in this latter category yill usually be residents of a also excluded in 3^ States. In general, these are establish- community in which there are only a few dominant industries ments with less than four employees. which were shut down during the survey week. Not included in this category are persons who say they were not looking for work LABOR FORCE DATA because they were too old, too young, or handicapped in any way. The Unemployment Rate represents the number unemployed COLLECTION AND COVERAGE as a percent of the civilian labor force, i.e., the sum of the Statistics on the employment status of the population, employed and unemployed. This measure can also be computed for the personal, occupational, and other economic characteristics groups within the labor force classified by sex, age, marital of employed and unemployed persons, and related labor force data status, color, etc. When applied to industry and occupation are compiled for the BLS by the Bureau of the Census in its groups, the labor-force base for the unemployment rate also rep- Current Population Survey (CPS). (A detailed description of resents the sum of the employed and the unemployed, the latter this survey appears in Concepts and Methods Used in the Current classified according to industry and occupation of their latest Employment and Unemployment Statistics Prepared by the Bureau of full-time civilian Job. the Census, U. S. Bureau of the Census, Current Population Reports, Series P-23, No. 5. This report is available from BLS Duration of Unemployment represents the length of time on request.) (through the current survey week) during which persons classified as unemployed had been continuously looking for work or These monthly surveys of the population are conducted would have been looking for work except for temporary illness, with a scientifically selected sample designed to represent the or belief that no work was available in their line of work or in civilian noninstitutional population Ik years and over. Re- the community. For persons on layoff, duration of unemployment spondents are interviewed to obtain information about the em- represents the number of full weeks since the termination of ployment status of each member of the household Ik years of age their most recent employment. Average duration is an arithmetic and over. The inquiry relates to activity or status during the mean computed from a distribution by single weeks of unemployment. calendar week, Sunday through Saturday, ending nearest the 15th of the month. This is known as the survey week. Actual field The Civilian Labor Force comprises the total of all interviewing is conducted in the following week. civilians classified as employed or unemployed in accordance with the criteria described above. The "total labor force" also Inmates of institutions and persons under Ik years of includes members of the Armed Forces stationed either in the age are not covered in the regular monthly enumerations and are United States or abroad. excluded from the population and labor force statistics shown in this report. Data on members of the Armed Forces, who are in- Not in Labor Force includes all civilians Ik years and cluded as part of the categories "total noninstitutional popu- over who are not classified as employed or unemployed. These lation" and "total labor force," are obtained from the Depart- persons are further classified as "engaged in own home house- ment of Defense. work," "in school," "unable to work" because of long-term physi- cal or mental illness, and "other." The "other" group includes The sample for CPS is spread over 333 areas compris- for the most part retired persons, those reported as too old to ing 6kl counties and independent cities, with coverage in 50 work, the voluntarily idle, and seasonal workers for whom the States and the District of Columbia. At present, completed in- survey week fell in an "off" season and who were not reported as terviews are obtained each month from about 35*000 households. unemployed. Persons doing only incidental unpaid family work There are about 1,500 additional sample households from which (less than 15 hours) are also classified as not in the labor information should be collected but is not because the occu- force. pants are not found at home after repeated calls, are temporarily absent, or are unavailable for other reasons. This repre- Occupation, Industry, and Class of Worker apply to the sents a noninterview rate for the survey of about k percent. job held in the survey week. Persons with two or more jobs are Part of the sample is changed each month. The rotation plan classified in the job at which they worked the greatest number provides for approximately three-fourths of the sample to be of hours during the survey week. The occupation and Industry common from one month to the next, and one-half to be common groups used in data derived from the CPS household interviews with the same month a year ago. are defined as in the 1950 Census of Population. Information on the detailed categories included in these groups is available CONCEPTS upon request.

Employed Persons comprise (a) all those who during The industrial classification system used in the Census the survey week did any work at all either as paid employees, or of Population and the Current Population Survey differs somewhat in their own business or profession, or on their own farm, or from that used by the BLS in its reports on employment, by indus- who worked 15 hours or more as unpaid workers on a farm or in a try. Employment levels by industry from the household survey, business operated by a member of the family, and (b) all those although useful for many analytical purposes, are not published who were not working or looking for work but who had Jobs or in order to avoid public misunderstanding since they differ from businesses from which they were temporarily absent because of the payroll series because of differences in classification, illness, bad weather, vacation, or labor-management dispute, or sampling variability, and other reasons. The industry figures because they were taking time off for various other reasons, from the household! survey are used as a base for published whether or not they were paid by their employers for the time off. distributions on hours of work, unemployment rates, and other

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Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis characteristics of industry groups such as age, sex, and mortality, and migration between the United States and other occupation. countries.

The class-of-worker breakdown specifies "wage and 3. Composite estimate procedure. In deriving sta- salary workers," subdivided into private and government workers, tistics for a given month, a composite estimating procedure is "self-employed workers," and "unpaid family workers." Wage and used which takes account of net changes from the previous month salary workers receive wages, salary, comlssion, tips, or pay for continuing parts of the sample (75 percent) as well as the in kind frost a private employer or from a governmental unit. sample results for the current month. This procedure reduces Self-employed persons are those who work for profit or fees in the sampling variability especially of month-to-month changes their own business, profession, or trade, or operate a farm. but also of the levels for most items. Unpaid family workers are persons working without pay for 15 hours a week or More on a farm or in a business operated by a Seasonal Adjustment member of the household to whom they are related by blood or marriage. The seasonal adjustment method used for unemployment and other labor force series is a new adaptation of the standard Hours of Work statistics relate to the actual number ratio-to-moving average method, with a provision for "moving" of hours worked during the survey week. For example, a person adjustment factors to take account of changing seasonal pat- who normally works kQ hours a week but who was off on the terns. A detailed description and illustration of the method Teterans Day holiday would be reported as working 32 hours even will be published later this year. though he was paid for the holiday. Seasonal adjustment factors for major components of For persons working in more than one job, the figures the labor force to be applied to data for 1958 and later relate to the number of hours worked in all jobs during the periods are shown in table A. Factors for broad age-sex groups week. However, all the hours are credited to the major Job. and for duration of unemployment categories will be included in the publication cited in the preceding paragraph. In computing Persons who worked 35 hours or more in the survey these factors, the pre-1957 data were adjusted to reflect the week are designated as working "full time"; persons who worked new definitions of employment and unemployment adopted in between 1 and 34 hours are designated as working "part time." January 1957. Seasonally adjusted aggregates for these series Part-time workers are classified by their usual status at their for 19^7 to date are available on request. present job (either full time or part time) and by their reason for working part time during the survey week (economic or other reasons). "Economic reasons" include: Slack work, material Table A. Seasonal adjustment factors for the labor force and shortages, repairs to plant or equipment, start or termination major components, to be used for the period 1958-60 of job during the week, and inability to find full-time work. "Other reasons" include: Labor dispute, bad weather, own illness, vacation, demands of home housework, school, no desire for Employment Unemployment Civil- full-time work and full-time worker only during peak season. ian Nonagri- Month Agri- Rate labor cultural Total cul- Total ESTIMATING METHODS force indus- Both Fe- ture Males tries sexes males The estimating procedure is essentially one of using sample results to obtain percentages of the population in a Jan... 97-7 96.9 8I.3 98.6 114.2 116.7 121.6 108.2 given category. The published estimates are then obtained by Feb... 98.O 97.0 81.8 98.7 116.3 118 6 125• 9105.2 multiplying these percentage distributions by Independent esti- Mar... 98.4 97-7 86.2 99.0 111.1 112 120.0 mates of the population. The principle steps involved are shown 9 99.3 Apr... 99.0 98.6 93.6 99.2 103.1 104 1 107 below. Under the estimation methods used in the CPS, all of the 7 97• 7 May... 100.1 100.1 106.0 99.5 99.4 99 2 97 7 102.4 results for a given month become available simultaneously and June.. 102.4 101.8 118.2 100.0 113.2 110 106 2 118 are based on returns from the entire panel of respondents. 4 .6 July.. 102.7 102.4 117.9 100.7 105.0 102.3 97 4 111.0 There are no subsequent adjustments to independent benchmark Aug... 101.8 102.3 111.1 101.3 91.2 89 5 84 6 98.6 data on labor force, employment, or unemployment. Therefore, re- Sept.. 100.4 101.2 109.9 100.2 83.9 83 5 77.8 94 0 visions of the historical data are not an Inherent feature of Oct... 100.6 101.8 112.0 100.7 78.8' 78 2 74 8 84 3 this statistical program. Nov... 100.0 100.5 97-4 100.9 90.0 89 9 86.2 96 6 Dec... 99.1 99.4 85.O 101.0 93.5 94 4 99 6 84 2 1. Wonlnterview adjustment. The weights for all interviewed households are adjusted to the extent needed to account for occupied sample households for which no information was obtained because of absence, impassable roads, refusals, or In evaluating deviations from the seasonal pattern-- unavailability for other reasons. This adjustment is made sepa- that is, changes in a seasonally adjusted series--it is impor- rately by groups of sample areas and, within these, for six tant to note that seasonal adjustment is merely an approxima- groups—color (white and nonwhite) within the three residence tion based on past experience. Seasonally adjusted estimates categories (urban, rural nonfarm, and rural farm). The propor- have a broader margin of possible error than the original data tion of sample households not interviewed varies from 3 to 5 on which they are based, since they are subject not only to percent depending on weather, vacations, etc. sampling and other errors but, in addition, are affected by the uncertainties of the seasonal adjustment process itself. 2. Ratio estimates. The distribution of the population selected for the sample may differ somewhat, by chance, Reliability of the Estimates from that of the Nation as a whole, in such characteristics as age, color, sex, and residence. Since these population charac- Since the estimates are based on a sample, they may teristics are closely correlated with labor force participation differ from the figures that would have been obtained if it and other principal measurements made from the sample, the were possible to take a complete census using the same sched- latter estimates can be substantially improved when weighted ules and procedures. appropriately by the known distribution of these population characteristics. This is accomplished through two stages of The standard error is a measure of sampling variabil- ratio estimates as follows: ity, that is, the variations that might occur by chance because only a sample of the population is surveyed. The chances are a. First-stage ratio estimate. This is the pro- about two out of three that an estimate from the sample would cedure in which the sample proportions are weighted by the differ from a complete census by less than the standard error. known 1950 Census data on the color-residence distribution of The chances are about 19 out of 20 that the difference would be the population. This step takes into account the differences less than twice the standard error. existing at the time of the 1950 Census between the color- residence distribution for the Ration and for the sample areas. Table B shows the average standard error for the major employment status categories, by sex, computed from data for 12 b. Second-stage ratio estimate. In this step, recent months. Estimates of change derived from the survey are the sample proportions are weighted by independent current esti- also subject to sampling variability. The standard error of mates of the population by age, sex, and color. These estimates change for consecutive months is also shown in table B. The are prepared by carrying forward the most recent census data standard errors of level shown in table B are acceptable approx- (1950) to take account of subsequent aging of the population, imations of the standard errors of year-to-year change.

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Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Table B. Average standard error of major employment as the standard error of the monthly- level in table D, it may status categories be seen that the standard error of the 500,000 increase Is about 135,000. (In thousands) Table D. Standard error of estimates of Average standard error of— month-to-month change Employment status Month-to- and sex month change (In thousands) Monthly level (consecutive Standard error of month-to- months only) month change BOTH SEXES All estimates Standard error of monthly level Estimates except those relating to 250 180 relating to Labor force and total employment. agricultural Agriculture 200 120 agricultural employment Honagricultural employment 300 180 employment Unemployment 100 100 10,000.. Ik 12 MALE 25,000.. 35 26 50,000.. 70 kQ Labor force and total employment. 120 90 100,000. 100 90 Agriculture 180 90 150,000. 110 130 Nonagricultural employment 200 120 200,000. 160 75 90 250,000. 190 300,000. 220 FEMALE

Labor force and total employment. 180 150 The reliability of an estimated percentage, computed Agriculture 75 55 by using sample data for both numerator and denominator depends If onagri cultural employment 180 120 upon both the size of the percentage and the size of the total Unemployment 65 65 upon vhich the percentage is based. Where the numerator is a subclass of the denominator, estimated percentages are relatively more reliable than the corresponding absolute estimates The figures presented in table C are to be used for of the numerator of the percentage, particularly if the per- other characteristics and are approximations of the standard centage is large (50 percent or greater). Table E shows the errors of all such characteristics. They should be interpreted standard errors for percentages derived from the survey. as providing an indication of the order of magnitude of the Linear interpolation may be used for percentages and base fig- standard errors rather than as the precise standard error for ures not shovn in table E. any specific item. Table E. Standard error of percentages Table C. Standard error of level of monthly estimates (In thousands) Estimated Base of percentage (thousands) Both sexes Male Female 150 250 500 1,000 2,000 3,000 Size of estimate Total Total Total Hon- Non- Non- or or or vhite vhite vhite 1 or 99 1.0 0.8 0.6 OU 0.3 0,2 vhite vhite vhite 2 or 98 l.k 1.1 .8 .5 .k • 3 5 or 95 2.2 1.7 1.2 .9 .6 .5 10,000 5 5 7 5 5 5 10 or 90 3.0 2.3 1.7 1.2 .8 .7 50,000, 11 10 Ik 10 10 10 15 or 85 3.5 2.8 2.0 l.k 1.0 .8 100,000 15 lU 20 11* Ik Ik 20 or 80 k.O 3.1 2.2 1.6 l.l • 9 250,000 2k 31 21 21 22 21 25 or 75.... k.2 2, k 1.7 1.2 1.0 Ik *3 500,000 30 30 31 30 35 or 65.... k.7 3*7 2.6 1.9 .1.3 1.1 h& 60 1,000,000 ko 40 k5 VO 50 k.9 3-9 2.8 1.9 l.k 1.1

2,500,000 75 50 90 50 70 50 ?,000 10,000 25,000 50,000 75,000 5,000,000 100 50 110 100 10,000,000 1*0 1*0 130 1 or 99 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 20,000,000 180 150 170 2 or 98 .2 .2 .1 .1 .1 30,000,000 210 5 or 95 .k •3 .2 .1 .1 220 1*0,000,000 10 or 90 • 5 .k .2 .2 .1 15 or 85 .6 .k .3 .2 .2 20 or 80 .7 .5 .3 .2 .2 The standard error of the change in an item from one 25 or 75.... .8 .5 .3 .2 .2 month to the next month is more closely related to the standard 35 or 65.... .8 .6 .k .3 .2 error of the monthly level for that item than to the size of the 50 •9 .6 .k • 3 .2 specific month-to-month change itself. Thus, in order to use the approximations to the standard errors of month-to-month changes as presented in table D, it is first necessary to obtain the standard error of the monthly level of the item in table C, ESTABLISHMENT DATA and then find the standard error of the month-to-month change in table D corresponding to this standard error of level. It COLLECTION should be noted that table D applies to estimates of change be- tveen 2 consecutive months. For changes between the current Payroll reports provide current information on vage month and the same month last year, the standard errors of level and salary employment, hours, earnings, and labor turnover in shovn in table C are acceptable approximations. nonfarm establishments, by geographic location. Illustration: Assume that the tables shoved the total Federal-State Cooperation number of persons working a specific number of hours, as 15,000,000, an Increase of 500,000 over the previous month. Under cooperative arrangements vith State agencies, Linear interpolation in the first column of table C shows that the respondent fills out only 1 employment or labor turnover the standard error of 15,000,000 is about 160,000. Consequently, schedule, vhich is then used for national, State, and area the chances are about 68 out of 100 that the figure vhich would estimates. This eliminates duplicate reporting on the part of have been obtained from a complete count of the number of per- respondents and, together vith the use of identical techniques sons working the given number of hours vould have differed by at the national and State levels, ensures maximum geographic less than 160,000 from the sample estimate. Using the 160,000 comparability of estimates.

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Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis State agencies mail the forms to the establishments Labor Turnover and examine the returns for consistency, accuracy, and com- pleteness. The States use the information to prepare State and Labor turnover reports are received from approximately area series and then send the data to the BLS for use in pre- 10,500 establishments in the manufacturing, mining, and commu- paring the national series. The BLS and the Bureau of Employ- nication industries (see table below). The following manufac- ment Security jointly finance the current employment statistics turing industries are excluded from the labor turnover sample: program in ^3 States, the turnover program in kl States. Printing, publishing, and allied industries (since April 19^3); canning and preserving fruits, vegetables, and sea foods; Shuttle Schedules women's and misses' outerwear; and fertilizer.

The Form BLS 790 is used to collect employment, pay- Approximate size and coverage of BLS labor turnover roll, and man-hours data, Form 1219 labor turnover data. Both sample used in computing national rates schedules are of the "shuttle" type, vith space for each month number of of the calendar year. Employees establish- Industry The BLS 790 provides for entry of data on the number ments in Humber in Percent of full- and part-time workers on the payrolls of nonagricul- sample sample of total tural establishments for the pay period ending nearest the 15th Manufacturing 10,200 5,99^,000 39 of each month. The labor turnover schedule provides;for the Durable goods collection of information on the total number of accessions and 6,koo M99,ooo nondurable goods 3,800 1,795,000 32 separations, by type, during the calendar month. Metal mining 120 57,000 53 Coal mining: INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION Anthracite 20 6,000 19 Bituminous 200 71,000 32 Establishments are classified into industries on the Communication: basis of their principal product or activity determined from in- Telephone 661,000 88 formation on annual sales volume. This information is collected Telegraph 28,000 65 each year on a product supplement to the monthly 790 or 1219 report. In the case of an establishment making more than one 1/ Does not apply. product or engaging in more than one activity, the entire employment of the establishment is included under the industry CONCEPTS indicated by the most important product or activity. Industry Employment Prior to publication of State and area data for January 1959, all national, State, and area employment, hours, Employment data for all except Federal Government earnings, and labor turnover series vere classified In accord- refer to persons on establishment payrolls who received pay for ance vith the following documents: (1) For manufacturing, any part of the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month. Standard Industrial Classification Manual, Volume I, Bureau of For Federal Government establishments, current data generally the Budget, 19^5, and (2) for nonmanufacturing, Industrial refer to persons who received pay for the last day of the month. Classification Code, Social Security Board, 19^2. Beginning with January 1959 (with an overlap for 1958), State and area The data exclude proprietors, the self-employed, un- series are classified under the revised Standard Industrial paid family workers, farm workers, and domestic workers in Classification Manual published in 1957- The national industry households. Salaried officers of corporations are included. statistics will be converted to the 1957 SIC early in 1961. Government employment covers only civilian employees; Federal military personnel are shown separately, but their number Is COVERAGE excluded from total nonagricultural employment.

Employment, Hours, and Earnings Persons on an establishment payroll who are on paid sick leave (when pay is received directly from the firm), paid Monthly reports on employment and, for most indus- holiday, or paid vacation, or who work during a part of the pay tries, payroll and man-hours are obtained from approximately period and are unemployed or on strike during the rest of the 180,000 establishments. The table below shows the approximate period, are counted as employed. Persons are not counted as proportion of total employment in e*ch Industry division employed who are laid off, on leave without pay, or on strike covered by the group of establishments furnishing monthly em- for the entire period, or who are hired but do not report to ployment data. The coverage for individual industries within work during the period. the division may vary from the proportions shown. Benchmark Adjustments

Approximate size and coverage of BLS employment Employment estimates are periodically compared with and payrolls sample l/ complete counts of employment in the various industries defined as nonagricultural, and appropriate adjustments made as indi- Number of Employees cated by the total counts or benchmarks. The comparison made establish- for the first 3 months of 1957, the last benchmark adjustment, Industry division ments in number in Percent resulted in changes amounting to 0.5 percent of all nonagricul- sample sample of total tural employment, identical with the extent of the adjustment to the first quarter 1956 benchmark. The changes were less Mining 3,500 393,000 *7 than 0.5 percent for three of the eight major industry divi- Contract construction 22,000 860,000 26 sions; under 2 percent for two other divisions; and 3.2, 3.3, Manufacturing ^3,900 11,779,000 69 and 6.4 percent for the remaining three divisions. The manu- Transportation and public facturing total was changed by only 0.1 percent for the second utilities: Interstate successive year. Within manufacturing, the benchmark and esti- railroads (ICC) 1,152,000 97 mate differed by 1.0 percent or less in 39 of the 132 individ- Other transportation and ual industries, kl industries were adjusted by 1.1 to 2.5 per- 15,700 1,693,000 public utilities 57 cent, and an additional 27 industries differed by 2.6-5-0 65,100 2,2^,000 20 Wholesale and retail trade.. percent. One significant cause of differences between the Finance, insurance, and benchmark and estimate is the change in Industrial classifica- real estate 12,900 757,000 33 tion of individual firms, which is usually not reflected in BLS Service and miscellaneous... 11, MX> 8*8,000 13 estimates until they are adjusted to new benchmarks. Other Government: causes are sampling and response errors. Federal (Civil Service Commission) 2/ 2,196,000 100 The basic sources of benchmark information are the State and local 5,800 3,148,000 63 quarterly tabulations of employment data, by industry, compiled 1/ Since some firms do not report payroll and man-hour infor- by State agencies from reports of establishments covered under matlon, hours and earnings estimates may be based on a slightly State unemployment insurance laws. These tabulations are pre- smaller sample than employment estimates. pared under Bureau of Employment Security direction. Supple- 2/ State and area estimates of Federal employment are based on mentary tabulations prepared by the U.S. Bureau of Old Age and 2,300 reports covering 1,^30,000 employees, collected through Survivors Insurance are used for the group of establishments the BLS-State cooperative program. exempt from State unemployment insurance laws because of their 5-E

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 1 small size. Benchmarks for industries wholly or partly ex- low-paid work and changes in workers earnings in individual cluded from the unemployment insurance lavs are derived from a establishments also affect the general earnings averages. variety of other sources. Averages for groups and divisions further reflect changes in average hourly earnings for individual industries. The BLS estimates relating to the benchmark quarter (the first quarter of the year) are compared vith the new Averages of hourly earnings differ from wage rates. benchmark levels, industry by industry. Where revisions are Earnings are the actual return to the worker for a stated necessary, the monthly estimates are adjusted between the new period or time, while rates are the amounts stipulated for a benchmark and the preceding one. The new benchmark for each in- given unit of work or time. The earnings series, however, does dustry is then projected to the current month by use of the not measure the level of total labor costs on the part of the sample trends. Under this procedure, the benchmark is used to employer since the following are excluded: Irregular bonuses, establish the level of employment while the sample is used to retroactive items, payments of various welfare benefits, pay- measure the month-to-month changes in the level. roll taxes paid by employers, and earnings for those employees not covered under the production-worker or nonsupervisory- Seasonal Adjustment employee definitions.

Employment series for many industries reflect a regu- Gross average weekly earnings are derived by multi- larly recurring seasonal movement which can be measured on the plying average weekly hours by average hourly earnings. There- basis of past experience. By eliminating that part of the fore, weekly earnings are affected not only by changes in gross change in employment which can be ascribed to usual seasonal average hourly earnings, but also by changes in the length of variation, it is possible to clarify the cyclical and other non- the workweek, part-time work, stoppages for varying causes, seasonal movements in the series. Seasonally adjusted employ- labor turnover,_and absenteeism. ment aggregates are published. These estimates are derived by the use of factors based on free-hand adjustments of 12-month Average Weekly Hours moving averages. Seasonal factors are available on request. The workweek information relates to the average hours I Industry Hours and Earnings for which pay was received, and is different from standard or scheduled hours. Such factors as absenteeism, labor turnover, Hours and earnings data are derived from reports of part-time work, and stoppages cause average weekly hours to be payrolls and man-hours for production and related workers or lower than scheduled hours of work for an establishment. Group nonsupervisory employees. These terms are defined below. When averages further reflect changes in the workweek of component the pay period reported is longer than 1 week, the figures are industries. reduced to a weekly basis. Average Overtime Hours Production and Related Workers include working foremen and all nonsupervisory workers (including leadmen and The overtime hours represent that portion of the trainees) engaged in fabricating, processing, assembling, in- gross average weekly hours which were in excess of regular spection, receiving, storage, handling, packing, warehousing, hours and for which premium payments were made. If an employee shipping, maintenance, repair, janitorial and watchman services, works on a paid holiday at regular rates, receiving as total product development, auxiliary production for plant's own use compensation his holiday pay plus straight-time pay for hours (e.g., power plant), and recordkeeplng and other services worked that day, no overtime hours would be reported. closely associated with the above production operations. Since overtime hours are premium hours by definition, Nonsupervisory Employees include employees (not above the gross weekly hours and overtime hours do not necessarily the working supervisory level) such as office and clerical move in the same direction from month to month; for example, workers, repairmen, salespersons, operators, drivers, attend- premiums may be paid for hours in excess of the straight-time ants, service employees, linemen, laborers, janitors, watchmen, workday although less than a full week is worked. Diverse and similar occupational levels, and other employees whose trends on the industry-group level may also be caused by a services are closely associated with those of the employees marked change in gross hours for a component industry where listed. little or no overtime was worked in both the previous and current months. In addition, such factors as stoppages, absen- Payroll covers the payroll for full- and part-time teeism, and labor turnover may not have the same influence on production, construction, or nonsupervisory workers who re- overtime hours as on gross hours. ceived pay for any part of the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month. The payroll is reported before deductions Spendable Average Weekly Earnings of any kind, e.g., pJLd-age and unemployment insurance, group insurance, withholding tax, bonds, and union dues; also in- Spendable average weekly earnings in current dollars cluded is pay for overtime, holidays, vacations, and sick leave are obtained by deducting estimated Federal social security and paid directly by the firm. Bonuses (unless earned and paid income taxes from gross weekly earnings. The amount of income regularly each pay period), other pay not earned in pay period tax liability depends on the number of dependents supported by reported (e.g., retroactive pay), and the value of free rent, the worker, as well as on the level of his gross income. To fuel, meals, or other payment in kind are excluded. reflect these variables, spendable earnings are computed for two types of income receivers—a worker with no dependents, and Man-Hours cover man-hours worked or paid for, during a worker with three dependents. The computations are based on the pay period ending nearest the 15th of the month, for pro- the gross average weekly earnings for all production and reduction, construction, and nonsupervisory workers. The man- lated workers in manufacturing, mining, or contract construc- hours include hours paid for holidays and vacations, and for tion without regard to marital status, family composition, or sick leave when pay is received directly from the firm. total family income.

Overtime Hours cover premium overtime hours of pro- "Real" earnings are computed by dividing the; current duction and related workers during the pay period ending Consumer Price Index into the earnings average for the current nearest the. 15th of the month. Overtime hours are those for month. The resulting level of earnings expressed in 19^7-^9 which premiums were paid because the hours were in excess of dollars is thus adjusted for changes in purchasing power since the number of hours of either the straight-time workday or the base period. workweek. Weekend and holiday hours are included only if premium wage rates were paid. Hours for which only shift differ- Average Hourly Earnings Excluding Overtime ential, hazard, incentive, or other similar types of premiums were paid are excluded. Average hourly earnings excluding premium overtime pay are computed by dividing the total production-worker pay- Gross Average Hourly and Weekly Earnings roll for the industry group by the sum of total production- worker man-hours and one-half of total overtime man-hours. Average hourly earnings for manufacturing and non- Prior to January 1956, data were based on the application of manufacturing industries are on a "gross" basis, reflecting not adjustment factors to gross average hourly earnings (as only changes in basic hourly and incentive wage rates, but also described in the Monthly Labor Review, May 1950, pp. 537-5^0). such variable factors as premium pay for overtime and late-shift Both methods eliminate only the earnings due to overtime paid work, and changes in output of workers paid on an incentive for at one and one-half times the straight-time rates. No ad- plan. Employment shifts between relatively high-paid and justment is made for other premium payment provisions, such as

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Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis holiday vork, late-shift work, and overtime rates other than employment because of discharge, permanent disability, death, tine and one-half. retirement, transfers to another establishment of the company, and entrance into the Armed Forces expected to last more than Indexes of Aggregate Weekly Payrolls and Man-Hours 30 consecutive calendar days.

The indexes of aggregate veekly payrolls and nan-hours Accessions are the total number of permanent and tem- are prepared by dividing the current month's aggregate by the porary additions to the employment roll including both nev and monthly average for the 19^7-^9 period. The nan-hour aggregates rehired employees. are the product lof average veekly hours and product!on-vorker employment, and the payroll aggregates are the product of gross Nev hires are temporary or permanent additions to the average veekly earnings and production-vorker employment. employment roll of former employees not recalled by the employer, or persons who have never before been employed in the Railroad Hours and Earnings establishment, except for those transferred from other establishments of the company. The figures for Class I railroads (excluding switching and terminal companies) are based on monthly data summarized in Other accessions, vhich are not published separately the M-300 report of the Interstate Commerce Commission and re- but are included in total accessions, are all additions to the late to all employees who received pay during the month except employment roll vhich are not classified as nev hires. executives, officials, and staff assistants (ICC Group I). Gross average hourly earnings are computed by dividing total Comparability With Employment Series compensation by total hours paid for. Average veekly hours are obtained by dividing the total number of hours paid for, reduced Month-to-month changes in total employment in manu- to a veekly basis, by the number of employees, as defined above. facturing industries reflected by labor turnover rates are not Gross average veekly earnings are derived by multiplying average comparable vith the changes shown in the Bureau's employment veekly hours by average hourly earnings. series for the following reasons: (1) Accessions and separations are computed for the entire calendar month; the employment reports refer to the pay period ending nearest the 15th of Labor Turnover the month; (2) the turnover sample excludes certain industries (see Coverage, p. 5-E); (3) plants on strike are not Included in Labor turnover is the gross movement of wage and the turnover computations beginning vith the month the strike salary vorkers into and out of employment status vith respect to starts through the month the vorkers return; the influence of individual establishments. This movement, vhich relates to a such stoppages is reflected, however, in the employment figures. calendar month, is divided into tvo broad types: Accessions (nev hires and re hires) and separations (terminations of employ- STATISTICS FOR STATES AND AREAS ment initiated by either employer or employee). Each type of action is cumulated for a calendar month and expressed as a rate State and area employment, hours, earnings, and labor per 100 employees. The data relate to all employees, whether turnover data are collected and prepared by State agencies in full- or part-time, permanent or temporary, including executive, cooperation vith BLS. Additional industry detail may be ob- office, sales, other salaried personnel, and production vorkers. tained from the State agencies listed on the inside back cover. Transfers to another establishment of the company are included These statistics are based on the same establishment reports beginning with January 1959- used by BLS for preparing national estimates. For employment, the sum of the State figures may differ slightly from the equivalent official U.S. totals because of differences in the Separations are terminations of employment during the timing of benchmark adjustments, slightly varying methods of calendar month and are classified according to cause: Quits, computation, and, since January 1959, a different classifica- layoffs, and other separations, as defined below. tion system. (See Industrial Classification, p. 5-E-)

Quits are terminations of employment Initiated by For Alaska and Hawaii, satisfactory employment employees, failure to report after being hired, and unauthorized estimates cannot be derived by subtracting the U.S. totals absences, if on the last day of the month the person has been vithout Alaska and Hawaii from the totals including the 2 nev absent more than 7 consecutive calendar days. States.

Layoff8 are suspensions without pay lasting or ex- ESTIMATING METHODS pected to last more than 7 consecutive calendar days, initiated by the employer vithout prejudice to the vorker. The procedures used for estimating industry employment, hours, earnings, and labor turnover statistics are sum- Other separations, vhich are not published separately marized in the folloving table. Details are given in the but are included in total separations, are terminations of appropriate technical notes, vhich are available on request.

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Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Summary of Methods for Computing Industry Statistics on Employment, Hours, Earnings, and Labor Turnover

Individual Manufacturing and Total nonagricultural divisions, I ten nonmanufacturing industries Major groups, and groups Monthly Data

All employees All-employee estimate for previous month Sum of all-employee estimates for component multiplied by ratio of all employees in industries. current month to all employees in previous month, for sample establishments which reported for both months.

Production or All-employee estimate for current month Sum of production- or nonsupervisory-worker nonsupervisory workers; multiplied by (1) ratio of production or estimates, or women estimates, for component Women employees nonsupervisory workers to all employees Industries. in sample establishments for current month, (2) ratio of women to all employees.

Gross arcrage weekly hours Production- or nonsupervisory-worker man-hours Average, weighted by production- or divided by number of production or nonsuper- nonsupervisory-worker employment, of the visory workers. average weekly hours for component industries.

Average weekly overtime Production-worker overtime man-hours Average, weighted by production-worker employ- hours divided by number of production workers. ment, of the average weekly overtime hours for component Industries.

Gross average hourly Total production- or nonsupervisory-worker Average, weighted by aggregate man-hours, of earnings payroll divided by total production- or the average hourly earnings for component nonsupervisory-worker man-hours. industries.

Gross average weekly Product of gross average weekly hours and Product of gross average weekly hours and earnings average hourly earnings. average hourly earnings.

Labor turnover rates The number of particular actions (e.g., Average, weighted by employment, of the rates (total, men, and voaen) quits) in reporting firms divided by total for component industries. employment in those firms. The result is multiplied by 100. For men (or women), the number of men (women) who quit is divided by the total number of men (women) employed.

Annual Average Data

All employees and produc- Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12. Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12. tion or nonsupervisory workers

Gross average weekly hours Annual total of aggregate man-hours (produc- Average, weighted by production- or tion- or nonsupervisory-worker employment nonsupervisory-worker employment, of the multiplied by average weekly hours) divided annual averages of weekly hours for component by annual sum of employment. industries.

Average weekly overtime Annual total of aggregate overtime man-hours Average, weighted by production-worker employ- hours (production-worker employment multiplied by ment, of the annual averages of weekly overtime average weekly overtime hours) divided by hours for component Industries. annual sum of employment.

Gross average hourly Annual total of aggregate payroll*f(production- Average, weighted by aggregate man-hours, of earnings or nonsupervisory-worker employment multiplied the annual averages of hourly earnings for by weekly earnings) divided by annual aggregate component industries. man-hours.

Gross average weekly Product of gross average weekly hours and Product of gross average weekly hours and earnings average hourly earnings. average hourly earnings.

Labor turnover rates Sum of monthly rates divided by 12. Sum of monthly rates divided by 12.

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Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics

COOPERATING STATE AGENCIES Employment and Labor Turnover Statistics Programs

ALABAMA -Department of Industrial Relations, Montgomery 4. ARIZONA -Unemployment Compensation Division, Employment Security C ARKANSAS CALIFORNIA Imployment, Sacramento 14 (Turnover). COLORADO* -U. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Denver 2. CONNECTICUT -Employment Security Division, Department of Labor, Hartford 15. DELAWARE -Unemployment Compensation Commission, Wilmington 99. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA -U. S. Employment Service for D. C. , Washington 25. FLORIDA -Industrial Commission, Tallahassee. GEORGIA -Employment Security Agency, Department of Labor, Atlanta 3. IDAHO -Employment Security Agency, Boise. ILLINOIS* -Division of Unemployment Compensation and State Employment Service, Department of Labor, Chicago 6. INDIANA -Employment Security Division, Indianapolis 25. IOWA KANSAS KENTUCKY -ankfort. LOUISIANA •i-'ivioiun VJJ. iJinuiuyiiiciii jc^uiAiy j ivc pai micilt Oi J_jcLDOr, DB-tOH XvOlZSfC ^ MAINE -Employment Security Commission, Augusta. MARYLAND -Department of Employment Security, Baltimore 1. MASSACHUSETTS -Division of Statistics, Department of Labor and Industries, Boston 16 (Employment). Research and Statistics, Division of Employment Security, Boston 15 (Turnover). MICHIGAN* -Employment Security Commission, Detroit 2. MINNESOTA -Department of Employment Security, St. Paul 1. MISSISSIPPI -Employment Security Commission, Jackson. MISSOURI -Division of Employment Security, Jefferson City. MONTANA -Unemployment Compensation Commission, Helena. NEBRASKA -Division of Employment Security, Department of Labor, Lincoln 1. NEVADA -Employment Security Department, Carson City. NEW HAMPSHIRE -Department of Employment Security, Concord. NEW JERSEY* -Bureau of Statistics and Records, Department of Labor and Industry, Trenton 25. NEW MEXICO -Employment Security Commission, Albuquerque. NEW YORK -Bureau of Research and Statistics, Division of Employment, State Department of Labor, 500 FlicrVifVi AvpmiP W^w Ynrlr lft NORTH CAROLINA

NORTH DAKOTA OHIO* -Division oi Research and statistics, Bureau oi Unemp OKLAHOMA -Employment Security Commission, Oklahoma Citv 2. OREGON -Department of Employment, Salem. PENNSYLVANIA* -Bureau of Employment Security, Department of Labor and Industry, Harrisburg. RHODE ISLAND -Division of Statistics and Census, Department of Labor, Providence 3 (Employment). Department of Employment Security, Providence 3 (Turnover). SOUTH CAROLINA -Employment Security Commission, Columbia 1. SOUTH DAKOTA -Employment Security Department, Aberdeen. TENNESSEE -Department of Employment Security, Nashville 3. TEXAS -Employment Commission, Austin 1. UTAH* -Department of Employment Security, Industrial Commission, Salt Lake City 10. VERMONT -Unemploymen-TTnoYVinimrTvtfintt rATYinonootinCompensatio n r.r\TV»iTn'ccirtCommissionn , MontpelierK/nnfnol-ior . VIRGINIA -Division of Research and Statistics, Department of Labor and Industry, Richmonid 14 (Employment). Unemployment Compensation Commission, Richmond 11 (Turnover). WASHINGTON -Employment Security Department, Olympia. WEST VIRGINIA -Department of Employment Security, Charleston 5. WISCONSIN* -Unemployment Compensation Department, Industrial Commission, Madison 3. WYOMING* -Employment Security Commission, Casper.

^Employment statistics program only.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis