EMPLOYMENT and EARNINGS including THE MONTHLY REPORT ON THE LABOR FORCE Vol. 7 No. 2 August 1960 Data formerly published by the DIVISION OF MANPOWER AND EMPLOYMENT STATISTICS Bureau of the Census in The Monthly Report on the Labor Force (Series P-57) are shown Harold Goldstein, Chief in Section A. CONTENTS Page Employment and Unemployment Highlights—July I960 iii NEW AREA SERIES... STATISTICAL TABLES The employment series for Erie and Section A—Labor Force, Employment, and Unemployment York, Pennsylvania, formerly limited to manufacturing, now cover all nonagri- cultural industry divisions, as shown Employment Status A- 1: Employment status of the noninstitutional population, 1929 to date 1 in table B-8. A- 2: Qnployment status of the noninstitutional population, by sex, 191*0, 19hh, and 19hl to date 2 Manufacturing labor turnover rates A- 3: Employment status of the noninstitutional population, by age and sex.... 3 A- 1*: Employment status of male veterans of World War II in the civilian for Chattanooga, Tennessee, are now in- noninstitutional population 3 A- £: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population, by cluded in table D-l*. marital status and sex •• .... h A- 6: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population, by color and sex ••••••••••••••••• h A- 7: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population, total and urban, by region. • ••••»•• 5 Class of Worker, Occupation A- 8: Employed persons by type of industry, class of worker, and sex 5 A- 9: Employed persons with a job but not at work, by reason for not working and pay status 5 A-10: Occupation group of employed persons, by sex 6 A-ll: Major occupation group of employed persons, by color and sex 6 Unemployment A-12: Unemployed persons, by duration of unemployment.•.••••• •• •« 7 A-13: Unemployed persons, by major occupation group and industry group 7 A-ll*: Persons unemployed 15 weeks and over, by selected characteristics. 8 Hours of Work A-15>: Persons at work, by hours worked, type of industry, and class of worker. 9 A-16: Persons employed in nonagricultural industries, by full-time or part-time status and reason for part time 9 A-17: Wage and salary workers, by full-time or part-time status and major Indus try group • 9 A-18: Persons at work, by full-time or part-time status and major occupation group • • • • 10 A-19* Persons at work in nonagricultural industries, by full-time or part-time status and selected characteristics 10 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Print- ing Office, Washington 25, D.C. Subscription price: $3.50 a year; $1.50 additional for foreign mail- ing. Price U5 cents a copy. Continued on following page. Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis EMPLOYMENT and EARNINGS Including THE MONTHLY REPORT ON THE LABOR FORCE The national industry employment, hours, and earnings data shown CONTENTS-Continued in Sections B and C have been adjusted to first quarter 1957 Page benchmark levels. Section B—Payroll Employment, by Industry National Data B-l« Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry division, 1919 to date • 11 B-2: Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry 12 B~3: Federal military personnel • • 16 B-Ut Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry division and selected groups, seasonally adjusted. 17 B-5: Employees in private and Government shipyards, by region 17 B-6J Women employees in manufacturing, by industry 1/ • • 18 State and Area Data B-7» Employees in nonagricultural establishments, by industry division and State 20 B-8: Employees in nonagricultural establishments for selected areas, by industry division 23 Section C—Industry Hours and Earnings National Data C-li Gross hours and earnings of production workers in manufacturing, 1919 to date 29 C-2: Gross hours and earnings of production workers in manufacturing, by major industry group • 30 C-3* Average weekly overtime hours and average hourly earnings excluding over- time of production workers in manufacturing, by major industry group...., 30 C-U: Indexes of aggregate weekly man-hours and payrolls in industrial and construction activities.• • 31 C-5: Average weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, of production workers in selected industries 31 C-6: Gross hours and earnings of production workers, by industry 32 C-7* Gross and spendable earnings in industrial and construction activities, in current and 19U7-U9 dollars 38 State and Area Data C-8: Gross hours and earnings of production workers in manufacturing, by State and selected areas • 39 Section D—Labor Turnover National Data D-l: Labor turnover rates in manufacturing, 1951 to date k3 D-2: Labor turnover rates, by industry kh D-3: Labor turnover rates in manufacturing, by sex and major industry group l/. U6 State and Area Data D-U* Labor turnover rates in manufacturing for selected States and areas I4.7 Explanatory Notes 1Jg BLS Regional Offices lws State Cooperating Agencies Inside back cover 1/ Quarterly data included in the February, May, August, and November issues. Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT HIGHLIGHTS July I960 THE MONTHLY REPORT ON THE LABOR FORCE: JULY I960 Changes in employment and unemployment were on the whole seasonal between June and July. However, employment in construction picked up more than seasonally and there were continued job cutbacks in the steel industry. Unemployment dropped by 400, 000 over the month to 4. 0 million in July. The reduction was about usual for this period and the seasonally adjusted rate of unemployment of 5. 4 percent was not significantly different from the 5. 5- percent rate of the month before. Unemployment among teenagers dropped sharply as many of the youngsters who sought work in June found jobs by July. Unemployment among adults, however, rose moderately for the second month with job cuts in durable goods industries, mainly autos and steel. State insured unemployment, which does not include new entrants into the job market, rose by nearly 150, 000 from mid-June to 1. 7 million in mid-July. This increase was somewhat more than seasonal. The number of persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer was unchanged over the month at 800, 000 and was about the same as a year ago. Total employment, at 68. 7 million, continued at a record high, but was not substantially changed from June. Total nonagricultural employment, includ- ing the self-employed, domestics, and unpaid family workers, was 61. 8 million in July, also approximately the same as a month earlier. At the same time, the number of workers on nonfarm payrolls dropped by 365, 000 over the month to 53. 2 million largely as a result of vacation-taking by workers who did not receive pay for the period and were therefore not included in the payroll count. (The figure on total nonagricultural employment based on the household survey includes workers on vacation from a job whether or not they are paid.) Nonfarm Payroll Employment The July decline in nonfarm payroll employment was about usual for this time of year, although there were contrasting developments in several industries. Employment in the construction industry rose by 120, 000 over the month, a comparatively large June to July increase. On the other hand, durable goods industries reported a drop of 170, 000 jobs. There was a cutback of 40, 000 workers in the primary metals industry— the fifth successive monthly decline. The contraction in steel operations also brought job reductions in some other industries. Mining employment dropped more than seasonally as some coal mines which observed their customary vacation closedown around the end of June did not reopen in mid-July for lack of demand from steel mills. In addition, transportation employment (both in railroads and in trucking) dropped off by 25, 000*partly as a result of these develop- ments. Automobile employment also fell in July, in part because manufacturers started to trim auto inventories in anticipation of an early model changeover. In addition, operations at some plants were hindered by material shortages result- ing from a strike at a supplier plant. Declines in a number of manufacturing industries reflected vacation^ taking without pay by some workers. However, chiefly because of the developments in steel and autos, the 160, 000 reduction in all factory jobs between June and July to 16. 3 million was greater than usual. iii Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis TRENDS IN EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT Actual and Seasonally Adjusted MILLIONS January 1949 to Date MILLIONS OF PERSONS OF PERSONS 70 1 l 1 7 70 Total Civilian Employme:nt 68 r 68 66 A k 66 SEASO•NALLY 64 fa 64 ADJUSTED \ 3 62 k ilk 62 60 nV 1 60 58 1 ' ^ACl fUAL 58 56 1 Data adjusted to new definitions adopted in January 1957 1 56 0 7 U nemployment TOTAL_ 6 ACTUAL SEASONALLY ADJUSTED n _L I Data adjusted to new definitions adopted in January 1957 I 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 Insured under following programs: State unemployment insurance, unemployment compensation for Federal employees, veterans, ex-servicemen, railroad workers (RftB). and temporary programs^ (Through June 1959) Beginning in January 1960 data include Alaska and Hawaii Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Other employment changes were mainly connected with the season. The largest change, a drop of 270,000 government employees, was due mainly to the reduction in school system employment during the summer recess. Over the year, employment was up in State and local governments (300,000), wholesale and retail trade (260,000), service (120,000), and fi- nance (50,000).