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SLA at 75 Robert V University of South Carolina Scholar Commons Faculty Publications Library and Information Science, School of Fall 10-1983 Knowledge Put to Work: SLA at 75 Robert V. Williams University of South Carolina - Columbia, [email protected] Martha Jane Zachert Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/libsci_facpub Part of the Library and Information Science Commons Publication Info Special Libraries, Volume 74, Issue 4, Fall 1983, pages 370-382. https://www.sla.org/content/shop/speclibs.cfm ©1983 Special Libraries Association This Article is brought to you by the Library and Information Science, School of at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. This is the second in a series of our con- secutive, specially commissioned papers celebrating the Association's 75th Anni- versary. The January 7984 piece will be by Vivian Arterbery. Robert G. Krupp, Chairman 75th Anniversary Committee Knowledge Put to Work: SLA at 75 Robert V. Williams and Martha Jane K. Zachert College of Library and Information Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC This sketch of the Association during its 7lyear history explores the central trends and themes of these years in tGo ways: factually, and in an interpretive sense. It is not, by any means, a definitive history of the Association-a task worth undertaking before the year 2009 when SLA turns 100. Rather it is an attempt to cap- ture the esprit de corps which is the essential character of SLA. N July 2, 1984, Special Libraries an invitation by John Cotton Dana, Association will be 75 years old. librarian at Newark Public Library, 0The history of the Association earlier in the evening after he had pre- during those 75 years is a rich one. It sented a paper on "Municipal, Legisla- parallels and reflects the growth and tive Reference, Commercial, Technical development of the United States in the and Public Welfare Libraries." In is- 20th century from an industrial to an suing the invitation, Dana noted that information society; it embodies the the purpose was to discuss the possi- development of the United States in the bility of forming a "tentative" associa- of book custodianship to one of infor- tion to exchange information about mation management. these types of libraries. The idea for formalizing this ex- Establishment change of information, Dana acknowl- edged, had originated with Sara B. Ball, Late in the evening of July 2, 1909, librarian at the Business Branch of after a full day of meetings at the Newark Public, and Anna B. Sears, American Library Association's Bretton librarian of the Merchants' Association Woods, New Hampshire Conference, a of New York (1 ). group of 26 persons gathered in room Earlier in the year, Sears and Ball had No. 4 of the Mount Washington Hotel discussed the need for the exchange of for a discussion which was to result in information about "special libraries the formation of the Special Libraries and special departments" and decided Association. They came in response to to form a local association of these 370 Copyr~ghto 1983 Specla1 Librar~esAssoc~at~on special libraries libraries in the New York area. Ball dis- The Special Libraries Association. cussed the proposal with Dana, who hopes to unite in cooperation all small insisted that it be a national group. He special libraries throughout the country; organized a series of meetings for the financial, commercial, scientific, indus- three of them with F. B. DeBerard, stati- trial, and special departments of state, college and general libraries; and, in fact, tician of the Merchants' Association (2). all libraries devoted to special purposes Dana and DeBerard then sent out a and serving a limited clientage (3). letter and brief questionnaire to 45 li- braries to learn their opinions on the The members of SLA were dedicated formation of such an o&inization for to the idea of cooperative endeavors cooperative work. The response was and resources sharing. Since many were enthusiastic and resulted in the call for in small libraries without the support of the organizational meeting at Bretton large collections or skilled staff, they Woods. By the conclusion of the meet- knew they had to depend on each other. ing on ~~1~2,a name had been chosen, Special Libraries was to be their primary a purpose declared, a preliminary con- vehicle for coo~eration. stitution written, and officers elected. The issues oflthe new journal featured This organizational meeting has been bibliographies of hard-to-find technical fondly called the "verandah confer- materials on a large variety of subjects. ence," denoting the wide, sweeping A directory of members and other vernadah of the Mount Washington special libraries was published, as well Hotel. More specifically, it should be as descriptions of various kinds of li- known as the organizational meeting braries and the ways they handled since the first annual conference of the specific problems. 1n essence, Special Association was held Nov 5,1909, at the Libraries became a state-of-the-art Merchants' Association building in bibliography and news medium for the New York. Here, 33 persons met, latest developments affecting libraries listened to papers on a variety of topics in U.S. scientific, industrial, and busi- related to special libraries, and formed ness communities. ten committees for carrying out the work of the new Association. Those Purpose and Structure attending the meeting at Bretton Woods and in New York constituted the orig- The theme of cooperation and sharing inal 56 charter members of the Associa- would become the hallmark of SLA in tion.* all its activities and publications. De- The Association was off to an enthu- spite the lack of an organizational siastic beginning. Committees repre- model in the library or business world senting specific subject interests were at that time, the early members seemed formed: agriculture, commerce, legisla- to sense intuitively their need for mu- tive and municipal reference, public tual support. utilities, sociology, technology and in- Sharing and cooperation took place surance. Committees also were formed not only through the pages of the many for publications, membership and bibliographies, newsletters, director- publicity; and a journal was established ies, manuals, and guides but also in for carrying out the purpose of "further- how SLA formed &elf as an associa- ing effective cooperation.. ." and tion. Two aspects dominated the orga- ". as a medium of intercommunica- nizational scheme: geographically tion. ." The purpose of the new asso- based units of all local special librarians ciation was stated on the first page of met and worked together; and subject Special Libraries, issued January, 1910: based units of librarians who kept each other informed of developments in their fields. "For the complete list, see Who's Who In The geographic units, later called Special Libraries, 7982-83, SLA, 1982. chapters, were an early development october 1983 that proved to be an effective means to voice in the affairs of SLA-initially carry out cooperative activities, as well through the formation of an Advisory as to expand the membership of SLA. Committee in 1924, then through the These smaller units formed quickly, Advisory Council, and finally, in 1974, sometimes as "branches" of SLA or as as a separate Chapter Cabinet with an loosely affiliated independent groups. elected chairman serving on the Execu- The "Boston Branch" was formed in tive Board. * March, 1910; the New York Special Li- If the chapters were the foundation of braries Association in 1915; and others SLA, then the subject-based divisions in major cities followed. By 1924, there were the structural framework around were eight such local associations. which the Association was built. The divisions became, in fact, the national level raison d'etre. That this would happen was obvious at the first annual The history of SLA's leader- conference. when seven different sub- ship in the information profes- ject committees were established. sion is the history of the work These early committees carried the of the divisions. From the ear- work of SLA and were responsible for the reputation the Association quickly liest days to the present, the established within the library profes- divisions have created innova- sion and in the world of business and tive products that brought industry. The annua! conferences were about great changes in the organized around these subject interest groups, and the pages of Special Librar- way all information profes- ies reflected their diligent work to carry sionals do their work. out the cooperation-theme by keep- ing each other informed of the latest developments-topical and biblio- The local groups were aided in this graphic-in their fields. The hundreds process by SLA's official recognition of publications by these groups and the and encouragement. "Responsibility thousands of bibliographies they pro- Districts" were proposed in 1912, and duced are ample testimony to their the district heads formed an unofficial work. advisory council to the Executive Board. The subject groups did not hesitate to During the period 1913 to 1918, the idea assert themselves in determining the of local groups lay dormant, but in 1919 policies of SLA. In 1919, during the first it was revived and expanded into an en- major reorganiztion of SLA, the Advi- larged decision-making role. Revisions sory Council was formed, consisting of the constitution in 1923 and 1924 entirely of representatives of subject clarified the role of the local groups as groups. The revised constitution of 1924 affiliates of SLA. The San Francisco gave groups official status and, in 1929, Branch was the first to officially affili- the chairs of the groups comprised the ate, followed by Boston and New York.
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