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Postscripts the Journal of Sacred Texts & Contemporary Worlds Postscripts: the Journal of Sacred Texts & Contemporary Worlds Postscripts The Journal of Sacred Texts & Contemporary Worlds Postscripts: The Journal of Sacred Texts & Contemporary Worlds Editor Guest Editors Elizabeth A. Castelli Stephen Hughes and Birgit Meyer Editorial Board Talal Asad (City University of New York), Timothy K. Beal (Case Western Reserve), Willi Braun (University of Alberta), Philip R. Davies (Sheffield University), Laura Donaldson (Cornell University), Musa Dube (University of Botswana), Lisa Gitelman (Catholic University of America), Terryl Givens (University of Richmond), Tazim Kassam (Syracuse University), Birgit Meyer (University of Amsterdam), Paul Morris (Victoria University of Wellington), Ilana Pardes (Hebrew University), Tina Pippin (Agnes Scott College), S. Brent Plate (Texas Christian University), Hugh S. Pyper (Sheffield University), Susan E. Shapiro (University of Massachusetts Amherst), Yvonne Sherwood (University of Glasgow), Jeremy Stolow (McMaster University), Mark Vessey (University of British Columbia), Gauri Viswanathan (Columbia University), Judith Weisenfeld (Vassar College), Gerald West (University of KwaZulu-Natal), Yael Zerubavel (Rutgers University). Postscripts is published three times a year, in April, August and November. Contributors should send articles for consideration to Elizabeth A. Castelli at [email protected]. Equinox Publishing Ltd, Unit 6, The Village, 101 Amies Street, London SW11 2JW, www.equinoxpub.com Information for Subscribers: For information about Equinox Publishing Ltd, please log on to www.equinoxpub.com Subscription prices for the current volume (Volume 1) are: UK/Europe/Rest of the World The Americas Individuals £50.00 $80.00 Institutions £120.00 $195.00 Canadian customers/residents please add 7% for GST on to the Americas price. Prices include second class postal delivery within the UK and airmail delivery elsewhere. Postmaster: Send address changes to Postscripts, Turpin Distribution Services Ltd, Journals Dept., Subscription Customer Services Manager, Stratton Business Park, Pegasus Drive, Biggleswade, Bedfordshire, SG18 8QB, UK. Sample Requests, New Orders, Renewals, Claims/Other Subscription Matters: for details contact: Journals Department, Turpin Distribution Services Ltd, at the address above or email: subscriptions@turpin- distribution.com. Payments should be made out to Turpin Distribution Services Ltd. No cancellations after despatch of first issue. Any cancellation is subject to £10.00 handling fee. Claims for missing issues must be made within 30 days of despatch of issue for UK customers, 60 days elsewhere. Advertising: for details contact Journal Department, Equinox Publishing Ltd at the address above or email: vhall@ equinoxpub.com Online Edition: An online subscription to this journal is an automatic part of all institutional subscriptions and is hosted by Extenza-eps/Atypon who also provide pay-per-view access for individual users. Back Issues: contact Turpin Distribution Services Ltd. Copyright: All rights reserved. Apart from fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored or transmitted by any means without the prior written permission of the Publisher, or in accordance with the terms of photocopying licenses issued by the organisations authorised by the Publisher to administer reprographic reproduction rights. Authorisation to photocopy items for educational classroom use is granted by the Publisher provided the appropriate fee is paid directly to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, USA from whom clearance should be obtained in advance. Indexing and Abstracting: This journal is indexed and abstracted by EBSCO Publishing, www.epnet.com, indexed in the ITER database and abstracted in Religious and Theological abstracts, www.rtabst.org © Equinox Publishing Ltd, 2005 ISSN 1743-887X (print) ISSN 1743-888 (online) Printed and bound by Lightning Source Volume 1.2/1.3 August/November 2005 Contents Guest Editors’ Preface Stephen Hughes and Birgit Meyer 149–153 Religious Remediations: Pentecostal Views in Ghanaian Video-Movies Birgit Meyer 155–181 Muslim Martyrs and Pagan Vampires: Popular Video Films and the Propagation of Religion in Northern Nigeria Matthias Krings 183–205 Mythologicals and Modernity: Contesting Silent Cinema in South India Stephen Hughes 207–235 Devotional Transformation: Miracles, Mechanical Artifice, and Spectatorship in Indian Cinema Ravi Vasudevan 237–257 Religious Cinematics: The Immediate Body in the Media of Film S. Brent Plate 259–275 Insight, Secrecy, Beasts, and Beauty: Struggles over the Making of a Ghanaian Documentary on “African Traditional Religion” Marleen de Witte 277–300 © Equinox Publishing Ltd 2005, Unit 6, The Village, 101 Amies Street, London SW11 2JW Priests and Stars: Candomblé, Celebrity Discourses, and the Authentication of Religious Authority in Bahia’s Public Sphere Mattijs van de Port 301–324 Breathing into the Heart of the Matter: Why Padre Marcelo Needs No Wings Maria José Alves de Abreu 325–349 Being a Christian the Catholic Way: Protestant and Catholic Versions of the Jesus Film and the Evangelization of Poland Esther Peperkamp 351–374 © Equinox Publishing 2005 [Postscripts 1.2/1.3 (2005) 149–153] Postscripts (print) ISSN 1234-5678 Postscripts (online) ISSN 8765-4321 Guest Editors’ Preface Stephen Hughes and Birgit Meyer At the beginning of the twenty-first century, we are confronted by two entwined global developments: the resurgence of religion in the public sphere and the spread of audiovisual mass media. All over the world, reli- gious movements and audiovisual media increasingly engage and overlap as part and parcel of attempts to address and captivate an ever-expanding public. As both religion and film—film understood here in a broad sense as audiovisual technologies, such as cinema, television, and video, which pro- duce moving images—work together and act upon each other, it is increas- ingly difficult to differentiate the two as distinct fields of activity and mean- ing. Whether in Hollywood, Bombay, or Lagos, religion and film are involved in complicated and productive relationships. The boundaries between modern mass entertainment and sacred traditions such as Hinduism, Islam, and Christianity are continually being redrawn and blurred. That religion and filmic media are now so reciprocally implicated in such new and power- ful ways calls for a more rigorous and nuanced scholarly engagement. This special issue of Postscripts addresses the interface of religion and film by exploring both how religion is deployed through film and how film is utilized in service of religion.1 While film can be seen as a kind of religious 1. This issue is based on a workshop, Mediating Religion and Film in a Post- Secular World, which we co-organized on June, 16–17, 2005 at the University of Amsterdam. The idea for this workshop was generated in the context of our research program, Modern Mass Media, Religion and the Imagination of Communities. The program has been generously sponsored as a so-called Pioneer program between 2000–2006 by the Netherlands Foundation for Scientific Research (for more information, see http://www.pscw.uva.nl/media-religion). The articles published in this special issue have been rewritten in the aftermath of this event. We would like to thank Ulrike Davis-Sulikowski, Anne-Marie Korte, Jeremy Stolow, Katinka van Heeren, and Elizabeth Castelli for their constructive input during the workshop. We are also especially grateful to Elizabeth Castelli for her generous and stimulating support in preparing the articles for publication. © Equinox Publishing Ltd 2005, Unit 6, The Village, 101 Amies Street, London SW11 2JW 150 Postscripts 1.2/1.3 (2005) practice and religion can be studied as a filmic text, this special issue refuses to reduce this complex and ongoing encounter to one side of the equation or the other. This interface cannot be contained exclusively within either film or religious studies. Although there is a long and rich history of religious material represented through filmic media, issues of religion have not received much attention within film studies.2 This may be due to the fact that the cinema usually has been theorized from a modernist perspective as a technology of make-believe, which offers a kind of surrogate for religion in our increasingly secularized world.3 What little there is in the way of scholarship on religion and film has mostly been produced within the frame- work of religious studies. A great deal of this work has been devoted to addressing questions concerning the extent to which religious images on screen are in line with, or deviate from, established religious repertoires. All too often, this scholarship has confined itself to a Eurocentric framework privileging Christianity and Hollywood (in particular films relating to the story of Jesus). This special issue seeks to explore the common ground shared by prac- tices of filmmaking and religious institutions located within postcolonial set- tings and increasingly linked in global infrastructures. The articles presented here converge in combining theoretical reflections about the interface of film and religion with specific examples or historical and ethnographic cases. Written by authors with backgrounds in film studies, religious studies, and anthropology, the contributions to this multidisciplinary issue are based on two common, more or less explicit, points of departure. One concerns
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