Twenty Payment Life Policy the MASSACHUSETTS

ADVERTISEMENTS A SAFE INVESTMENT FOR YOU Did you ever try to invest money safely ? Experienced Financiers find this difficult: how much more so an inexperienced person. . \ ...THE... Twenty Payment Life Policy (With its Combined Insurance and Endowment Features) ISSUED BY THE MASSACHUSETTS MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY, OF SPRINGFIELD, MASS. is recommended to you as an investment, safe and profitable. The Policy is plain and simple, and the privileges and values are stated in plain figures that any one can read. It is a sure and systematic way of saving money for your own use or support in later years. Saving is largely a matter of habit. And the semi-compulsory feature cultivates that saving habit. Under the contracts issued by the Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company the protection afforded is unsurpassed.

For further information Address HOME OFFICE, Springfield, Mass., or New York Office, Empire Building, 71 Broadway, GEO. J. WIGHT, manager. ADVERTISEMENTS ' m 1851. 1899.

The Phoenix Mutual Life Insurance Company,

of Hartford, Connecticut,

Issues Endowment Policies to either men or women, which (besides giving Five other options)

GUARANTEE when the Insured is Fifty, Sixty or Seventy Years Old To Pay $1,500 in Cash for Every $1,000

of Insurance in force.

Sample Policies, rates and other information will be given on application to the Home Office.

• • •

JONATHAN B. BUNCE, President.

JOHN M. HOLCOMBE, Vice-President. CHARLES H. LAWRENCE, Secretary. IV ADVERTISEMENTS

THE LORD BALTIMORE PRESS

THE FRIEDENWALD COMPANY

BALTIMORE, MD., U. S. A.

PRINTERS LITHOGRAPHERS BOOKBINDERS The American Jewish Year Book 5660

September 5, 1899 TO September 23, 1900

Edited by CYRUS ADLER

PHILADELPHIA THE JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY OF AMERICA 1899 COPYRIGHT, 1899, BY

THE JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY OF AMERICA

JSort <§&tiimovt (pttee THE FRIEDENWALD COMPANY BALTIMORE, MD., U. S. A. PEEFACE Everything must have a beginning, and the beginning is necessarily imperfect. Errors, no doubt, abound in this volume and omissions are numerous. It is natural that these failings will at once attract attention. Future issues can be made more accurate, and hence more serviceable, if readers will be good enough to send to the Editor notice of any omissions or errors which may come to their attention. It is hoped that the Calendar will be found convenient in form. The original intention was to supply information as to the hour of the commencement of the Sabbath, etc., but owing to the great extent of the country this was found impracticable. The spread of Jews all over our vast country seemed to make it desirable that a Directory should form the principal feature of this Year Book. The difficulties in compiling it were very great, arising partly from an inability to secure the names of minor organizations in large cities and of any organization in small towns, partly from the unwillingness of the officers of some Congregations and Societies to fill out the blanks sent them. All information derived from unofficial sources is marked with a star (*); the remainder has been received from officials of the various organizations, and may be relied upon as authentic. X PKEFACE An almost infinite variety in the spelling of Hebrew names will be found in the Directory. For this the Editor is in no wise responsible. The only proper course seemed to be to employ the transliteration used by Congregations and Socie- ties themselves. It may be said, however, that this lack of uniformity has a certain value, since it exhibits in our midst most of the peculiarities of Hebrew pronunciation now in existence. A cursory examination of the Directory as well as of the list of Jewish Periodicals (for which but little time could be allowed the compiler) will, I think, convince the most pessi- mistic that Jewish ideals have a strong hold upon the Jews of the United States, especially in the direction of charitable and educational work. In placing this first issue of the American Jewish Year Book before the members of the Society I desire to express my heartiest thanks to those who have aided me—a list so long that the bare mention of names is impossible—and to ask kindly criticism of a work which had to be done hastily and amidst numerous exacting official duties. CYRUS ADLEH. WASHINGTON, August 21, 1899. CONTENTS PAGE PREFACE ix CALENDAR 1 THE JEWS OF THE UNITED STATES, BY ABRAM S. ISAACS 14 THE JEWS OP EUBOPE, BY JOSEPH JACOBS 20 DIRECTORY OF NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS Alliance Israelite Universelle 34 • Society of American Cantors 35 The American Jewish Historical Society 35 Federation of American Zionists 36 Baron de Hirsch Fund 42 Central Conference of American Rabbis 49 Council of Jewish Women 51 Hebrew Sabbath School Union of America 55 The Jewish Chautauqua 55 The Jewish Publication Society of America 56 Jewish Theological Seminary Association 58 National Conference of Jewish Charities 60 National Farm School 61 Order B'nai Brith 62 Order Brith Abraham 73 Order Free Sons of Israel 84 Order Sons of Benjamin 91 The Orthodox Jewish Congregational Union of America 99 The Union of American Hebrew Congregations and Hebrew Union College 102 DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS (arranged alphabetically by States and Towns) 105 A LIST OF JEWISH PERIODICALS PUBLISHED IN THE UNITED STATES, BY A. S. FREIDUS 271 STATISTICS 283 A LIST OF LEADING EVENTS IN 5659 286 INDEX TO ADVERTISERS 292

1899, Sept. 5-Oct. 4] TISHRI 30 DAYS [i"IETl 5660

Bay Hebrew PENTATEUCHAL PROPHETICAL English of the Month, SABBATHS, FESTIVALS, FASTS PORTIONS PORTIONS jnOHUl Week Tishri nwia nntoan Sept. ( Gen. 21; 5 T 1 New Year nJBTI 'VI 'K 1 Num. 29:1-6 I Sam. 1:1-2:10 (Gen. 22; 6 W 2 New Year rOKT! 'VI '2 1 Num. 29: 1-6 Jer. 31: 2-20 J Ex. 32: 11-14; 7 Th 3 Fast of Gedaliah n'bli D1V 1 34:1-10 Isa. 55: 6-56: 8 ( Hos. 14: 2-10; 8 F 4 J Joel 2:15-27 ) Seph. Hos. 14:2-10; 9 S 5 Vayelekh i"Q1B> H3C ."I^I Deut. 31 { Micah 7:18-20 10 S 6 11 M 7 12 T 8

13 W 9 I Isa. 57:14-58:14 I Lev. 16; < Aflernoon, 14 Th 10 Day of Atonement 1133 DV < Num. 29: 7-11 (Book of Jonah 15 F 11 I Afternoon, Lev. 18 J II Sam. 22 16 S 12 Ha'azeenu 13*tNH Deut. 32 1(Ezek.l7:22-l8:32) 17 s 13 18 M 14 j Lev. 22: 26-23: 44; 19 T 15 Tabernacles T1131DT 'X 1 Num. 29: 12-16 Zech. 14 1 Lev. 22:26-23:44; 20 W 16 Tabernacles JTOIDI '2 ) Num. 29:12-16 I Kings 8: 2-21 21 Th 17 1 Num. 29: 17-25 22 F 18 Num. 29: 20-28 1 Ex. 33:12-34: 26; 23 S 19 I- iinon ^in 1 Num. 29: 23-28 Ezek. 38:18-39: 16 24 20 Num. 29: 26-34 s The Great Hosanna 25 M 21 Num. 29: 26-34 JI Eight h Day of the nFeasn tso win j Deut. 15:19-16:17; 26 T 22 I Num. 29: 35-30: 1 I Kings 8:54-66 31 Rejoicing of the Larnviw ; »^DB> Deut. 33:1-34:12; 27 W 23 < Gen. 1: 1-2: 3; Josh. 1 i mm nn»K> ( Num. 29: 35-30:1 28 Th 24 jn nDX 29 F 25 j Isa. 42: 5-43:10 30 S 26 Beresheet [Tin '30] rVB>«"l3 Gen. 1:1-6: 8 1 Seph. 42: 5: 21 Oct. 1 27 2 Ms 28 3 T 29 4 W 30 New Moon EHn 'VI 'X Num. 28: 1-15 1899, Oct. 5-Nov. 2] HESHVAN 29 DAYS [fiBTI 5660

Day Hebrew PENTATEUCHAL PROPHETICAL English of the Month PORTIONS PORTIONS Month SABBATHS, FESTIVALS, FASTS Week Hesh- TM rinoBPi Oct. 5 Th 1 New Moon KHPI 'YT '1 Num. 28:1-15 6 F 2 I Isa. 54:1-55: 5 7 S 3 Noah rO Gen. 6: 9-11: 32 I Sepfc. 54:1-10 8 s 4 9 M 5 10 T 6 11 W 7 12 Th 8 13 F 9 e 14 S 10 Lekh L kha -fa "l"? Gen. 12:1-17: 27 Isa. 40:27-41:16 15 s 11 16 M 12 17 T 13 18 W 14 19 Th 15 20 F 16 < II Kings 4:1-37 21 S 17 Vayera' XT1 Gen. 18:1-22: 24 1 Seph. 4:1-23 22 s 18 23 M 19 24 T 20 25 W 21 26 Th 22 27 F 23 28 S 24 Hayay Sarah ['nn '10] mK> "PI Gen. 23:1-25:18 I Kings 1:1-31 29 s 25 30 M 26 31 T 27 Nov. 1 W 28 2 Th 29 1899, Nov. 3-Dec. 2] KISLEV 30 DAYS [TSD3 5660

Hebrew PENTATEUCHAL PROPHETICAL English of the Month, SABBATHS, FESTIVALS, FASTS PORTIONS PORTIONS Unnttnonui Week Kislev nvena nnoan Nov. 3 F 1 New Moon KHn "1 Num. 28:1-15 4 S 2 Toiedot nn'?in Gen. 25:19-28: 9 Mai. 1:1-2: 7 5 s 3 6 M 4 7 T 5 8 W 6 9 Th 7 10 F 8 I Hos. 12:13-14:10 11 S 9 Vayetsay' XVI Gen. 28:10-32: 3 1 or 11: 7-12:12 12 s 1U 13 M 11 14 T 12 15 W 13 16 Th 14 17 F 15 1 Hos. 11: 7-12:12 •< or 12:13-14:10 18 S 16 Vayishlah r6K"l Gen. 32: 4-36: 43 (Seph. Obad. 1-21 19 s 17 20 M 18 21 T 19 22 W 20 23 Th 21 24 F 22 25 S 23 Vayesheb ['nil '3D] W) Gen. 37:1-40: 23 Amos 2: 6-3: 8 26 24 s 1 Hanukkah, Feast ol Dedication 27 M 25 1 riaun Num. 7:1-17 28 T 26 Num. 7:18-29 29 W 27 Num. 7: 24-35 30 Th 28 Num. 7: 30-41 Deo- Num. 7: 36-47 1 F 29 (Gen. 41:1-44:17; Mikkets BHn "n 'N ,pD { Num. 28: 9-15; 2 S 30 (Num. 7: 42-53 Zech. 2:14-4: 7 1899, De<3. 3-31] TEBET 29 DAYS [MO 5660

. Bay Hebrew PENTATEUCHAL PROPHETICAL Month of the Month, SABBATHS, FESTIVALS, FASTS PORTIONS PORTIONS Week Tebet rrwia nnoan Dec. f Num. 28:11-15 3 s 1 New Moon BHPI "\1 '2 i Num. 7: 48-59 4 M 2 Num. 7: 54-89 5 T 3 6 W 4 7 Th 5 8 F 6 9 S 7 Vayiggash E'V1 Gen. 44:18-47: 27 Ezek. 37:15-28 10 s 8 11 M 9 ( Fast of Tebet 12 T 10 Ex. 32:11-14; 34:1-10 Is. 55: 6-56: 8 13 W 11 14 Th 12 15 F 13 16 S 14 Vayehee »rpi Gen. 47:28-50:26 I Kings 2:1-12 17 s 15 18 M 16 19 T 17 20 W 18 21 Th 19 [23 22 F 20 (Is. 27:6-28: 13; 29:22, 23 S 21 Shemot mOE? Ex. 1:1-6:1 i Seph. Jer. 1:1-2: 3 24 s 22 25 M 23 26 T 24 27 W 25 28 Th 26 .29 F 27 30 S 28 Va'era1 ['nn 'DO] N1K1 Ex. 6: 2-9: 35 Ezek. 28:25-29: 21 31 s 29 1900, Jaii.l-3O] SHEBAT 30 DAYS [ODK> 5660

DaT Hebrew PENTATEUCHAL PROPHETICAL English of the Month, SABBATHS, FESTIVALS, FASTS PORTIONS PORTIONS Month Week Sh«bat nVKHD nnDDn Jan. 1 M 1 New Moon £>in "\ Num. 28:1-15 2 T 2 : 3 W 3 4 Th 4 ; 5 F 5 1 6 S 6 Bo1 &Q Ex. 10:1-13:16 Jer. 46:13-28 1 7 s 7 1 8 M 8 i 9 T 9 10 W 10 ill Th 11

12 F 12 (Judges 4: 4-5: 31 13 S 13 B'shallah n^3 Ex. 13:17-17:16 1 Seph. 5:1-31 14 14 s f New Year for Trees 15 M 15 I nu^N1? n"T ,iwv 'an 16 T 16 17 W 17 18 Th 18 19 F 19 (Is-6:1-7:6; 9:5,6 20 S 20 Yithro 'nn* Ex. 18:1-20: 23 1 Seph. 6:1-13 21 21 22 Ms 22 23 T 23 24 W 24 25 Th 25 26 F 26 27 S 27 Mishpatim ['nn '3D] D'DaB'D Ex. 21:1-24:18 Jer. 34: 8-22; 33:25, 26 28 28 29 Ms 29 30 T 30 New Moon E>nn '11 'N Num. 28:1-15 1900, Jan. 3l-Mar. 1] ADAR RISHOIN 30 DAYS [|IB>KI -n« 5660

Bay Hebrew PENTATEUCHAL PROPHETICAL of the Bonth, SABBATHS, FESTIVALS, FASTS PORTIONS PORTIONS Month 'Adar Week Sishon nvena nnoan Jan. 31 w 1 New Moon Cin 'Ml '3 Num. 28:1-15 Feb. 1 Th 2 2 F 3 3 S 4 T'rumah HDnn Ex. 25:1-27:19 I Kings 5: 26-6:13 4 8 5 5 M 6 6 T 7 7 W 8 8 Th 9 9 F 10 10 S 11 Tetsaweh niXn Ex. 27:20-30:10 Ezek. 43:10-27 11 8 12 12 M 13 13 T 14 jtsp onw 14 W 15 15 Th 16 16 F 17 17 S 18 Ki Tissa1 Ktf>n 13 Ex. 30:11-34: 35 I Kings 18:1 (or 20)-39 18 8 19 19 M 20 20 T 21 21 W 22 22 Th 23 23 F 24 j Vayakhel D^pB> 'B .bnp'1 J II Kings 12:1-17 ' 24 S 25 j ['nn '3D] Ex.35:1-38:20; 30:11-16 1 Seph. 11:17-12:17 25 8 26 26 M 27 27 T 28 28 W 29 Mar. 1 Th 30 New Moon tnn 'VI 'X Num. 28:1-15 1900, Mar. 2-30] ADAR SHENEE 29 DAYS [MET TIN 5660

Day Hebrew PENTATEUCHAL PROPHETICAL English of the Honht. SABBATHS, FESTIVALS, FASTS PORTIONS PORTIONS Mouth "idar Week Shenee nvtna nnoan Mar. 2 F 1 Num. 28:1-15 j I Kings 7: 51-8:21 3 S 2 Pekuday HlpB Ex. 38: 21-40: 38 I Seph. 7: 40-50 4 3 5 Ms 4 6 T 5 7 W 6 8 Th 7 9 F 8 1 Lev. 1:1-5:26; j I Sam. 15:2-34 10 S 9 Vayikra' "I'D? '2 .N~ip»1 1 Deut. 25:17-19 1 Seph. 15:1-34 11 10 12 Ms 11 13 T 12 14 W 13 Fast of Esther "iriDK mm Ex. 32:11-14; 34:1-10 Isa. 55:6-56:8 15 Th 14 Purim, Feast of Esther DHIS Ex. 17: 8-16 16 F 15 Shushan Purim DHIS ]W\W 17 S 16 Tsav IX Lev. 6:1-8:36 Jer. 7: 21-8: 3; 9:22,23 18 17 19 Ms 18 20 T 19 21 W 20 22 Th 21 no F 2o 22 (Shemeenee mS '3 ,»Vt36T (Lev. 9:1-11:47; j Ezek. 36:16-38 S 1 Num. 19 1 Seph. 36:16-36 24 23 t ['nn 'no] 25 s 24 26 M 25 27 T 26 28 W 27 29 Th 28 30 F 29 1900, Mar. 31-Apr. 29] NISAN 30 DAYS [JD'3 5660

Day lebrew PENTATEUCHAL PROPHETICAL English of the Month, PORTIONS PORTIONS Month SABBATHS, FESTIVALS, FASTS Week tiisan nvens nntoan Mar. I Lev. 12:1-13:59; f Tazreea', New Moon -^ Num. 28:9-15; ( Ezek. 45:16-46:18 31 S 1 | crmn 'B ,tnn "\ .mm I Ex. 12:1-20 1 Seph. 45:18-46:15 Apr. s 2 2 M 3 3 T 4 4 W 5 5 Th 6 6 F 7 e 7 S 8 M tsora- ^nan rot? ,irnxo Lev. 14:1-15: 33 Mai. 3: 4-24 8 9 9 s 10 10 M 11 11 T 12 12 W 13 Th I Fast of the First-Born 13 14 [27 F \ oni=3 mm ( Ex. 12: 21-51; (Josh. 3: 5-7; 5:2-6: 1, 14 S 15 Passover nDQT 'H 1 Num. 28:16-25 1 Seph. 5: 2-15 j Passover, First Day of Omer 1 Lev. 22: 26-23: 44; II Kings 23:1 (or 4)-9; 15 16 "I Num. 28:16-25- 21-25 s 1 noan '3 (Ex. J3:l-16; 16 17 1 Num. 28:19-25 M 1 , ( Ex. 22: 24-23:19; 17 18 1 Num. 28:19-25 18 T 19 1-iinnn Tin 1 Ex. 34:1-26; W 1 1 Num. 28:19-25 19 20 J Num. 9:1-14; 28:19-25 Th (Ex. 13:17-15:26; 20 21 Passover PIDST 'T 1 Num. 28:19-25 II Samuel 22:1-51 F j Deut. 14: 22-16:17; 21 22 1 Num. 28:19-25 Isa. 10: 32-12:6 S Passover DDDT 'n 22 s 23 an noN 23 24 24 M 25 25 T 26 26 W 27 27 Th 28 F j 'Aharay Mot niO nriK 28 29 Lev. 16:1-18: 30 I Samuel 20:18-42 S 1 r_'nn '3D] 29 s 30 New Moon E5Hn '"IT 'N Num. 28:1-15 1900, Apr. 30-May 28] IYAR 29 DAYS [1"S 5660

Bay Hebrew PENTATEUCHAL PROPHETICAL English of the Month, SABBATHS, FESTIVALS, FASTS PORTIONS PORTIONS Month Week Iyar nvena nnosn Apr.

30 M 1— i New Moon KHn 'VI '2 Num. 28:1-15 May 1 T 2 2 W 3 3 Th 4 4 F 5 (Amos 9: 7-15 •< or Ezek. 22:1-19 5 S 6 K'doshim D*K>np Lev. 19:1-20: 27 (Seph. Ezek. 20:2-20 6 s 7 7 M 8 8 T 9 9 W 10 10 Th 11 11 F 12 12 S 13 "Emor TICK Lev. 21:1-24: 23 Ezek. 44:15 31 13 14 14 Ms 15 15 T 16 16 W 17 17 Th 18 33d Day of 'Otner "lOim l"b 18 F 19 19 S 20 Behar "ini Lev. 25:126: 2 Jer. 32: 6-27 (or -22) 20 s 21 21 M 22 22 T 23 23 W 24 24 Th 25 25 F 26 26 S 27 B°hukkotaV fnn 'aoi »mpra Lev. 26: 3-27:34 Jer. 16:19-17:14 27 s 28 28 M 29 1900. May 29-June 27] SI VAN 30 DAYS [JVD 5660

'nn-lieti Day Hebrew PENTATEUCHAL PROPHETICAL 1 Tig USQ of the Month, SABBATHS, FESTIVALS, FASTS PORTIONS PORTIONS Month Week Sivan nnosn May 29 T 1 New Moon BHn "") Num. 28:1-15 30 W 2 31 Th 3 Tune 1 F 4 2 S 5 Bemidbar "I31D3 Num. 1:1-4; 20 Hosea 2:1-22 3 6 Feast of Weeks nWUKH 'N ( Ex. 19:1-20: 23; s 1 Num. 28:26-31 Ezek.l:l-28;3:12 Feast of Weeks nitfUKH '3 jDeut. 15:19-16:17; 1 Hab. 3:1-19 4 M 7 1 Num. 28: 26-31 1 Seph. 2: 20-3:19 5 T 8 jn nDN 6 W 9 7 Th 10 8 F 11 9 S 12 Naso" XE'3 Num. 4:21-7: 89 Judges 13: 2-25 10 s 13 11 14 12 T 15 13 W 16 14 Th 17 15 F 18 16 S 19 Beha'alotekha iniStfm Num. 8:1-12:16 Zech. 2:14-4: 7 17 20 18 Ms 21 19 T 22 20 W 23 21 Th 24 22 F 25 23 S 26 Sh8lah L6kha ['nn '3D] "|i? rbw Num. 13:1-15: 41 Josh. 2:1-24 24 27 25 Ms 28 26 T 29 27 W 30 New Moon EHn 'TT 'H Num. 28:1-15 10 1900, June 28-July 26] TAM MUZ 29 DAYS CTlOn 5660

Hebrew PENTATEUCHAL PROPHETICAL English Day Month, SABBATHS, FESTIVALS, FASTS PORTIONS PORTIONS Month of tha Week muz nvena nntaan June 28 Th 1 New Moon BHn "H '3 Num. 38:1-15 29 P 2 30 S 3 Korah nip Num. 16:1-18: 33 I Sam. 11:14-12: 22 July 1 4 2 Ms 5 3 T 6 4 W 7 5 Th 8 6 P 9 7 S 10 Hukkat npn Num. 19:1-32:1 Judges 11:1-33 8 11 9 Ms 12 10 T 13 11 W 14 12 Th 15 13 F 16 14 S 17 Balak pSl Num. 22: 2-25: 9 Micah 5: 6-6: 8 15 s 18 j Fast of Tammuz [nmj] Ex. 32:11-14; 34:1-10 Isa. 55: 6-56: 8 16 M 19 1 pen mx 17 T 20 18 W 21 19 Th 22 20 F 23 21 S 24 Pinehas ['nfl '30] DI"0B Num. 25:10-30:1 Jer. 1:1-2: 3 22 s 25 23 M 26 24 T 27 25 W 28 26 Th 29

11 1900, July 27-Aug. 25] AB 30 DAYS [3X5660

Day lebrew PENTATEUCHAL PROPHETICAL English of the Month, SABBATHS, FESTIVALS, FASTS PORTIONS PORTIONS Month Week Ab nvena nnDan July i— l 27 F New Moon KHn '"I Num. 28:1-15 ( Jer. 2: 4-28; 3: 4 28 S 2 Mattot u-Massay' »UDD1 T11DD Num. 30:2-36:13 )Seph. 2:4-28; 4:1,2 29 s 3 30 M 4 31 T 5 Aug. ' 1 W 6 ; 2 Th 7 i 3 F 8 ; 4 S 9 D'barlm JITn ri3t5> ,Dh3T Deut. 1:1-3: 22 Isa. 1:1-27 ( Deut. 4: 25-40 f Jer. 8:13-9: 23 5 s 10 Fast of Ab [nmai 3N niv \ Afternoon, Ex. 32: \ Afternoon, Isa. 55: 6 M 11 ( 11-14; 34:1-10 ( 6-56:8 7 T 12 8 W 13 9 Th 14 10 F 15 -iei; neon j Vaethannan 11 S 16 1 i»ro me -ijnnfco Deut. 3:23-7:11 Isa. 40:1 26 12 s 17 13 M 18 14 T 19 15 W 20 16 Th 21 17 F 22 18 S 23 •Ekeb [nn '3D] f3pl? Deut. 7:12-11: 25 Isa. 49:14-51: 3 19 24 20 Ms •25 21 T 26 22 W 27 23 Th 28 24 F 29 j Re'eh, New Moon I Deut. 11:26-16:17; 25 S 30 j ein "n 'N ,njn I Num. 28: 9-15 Isa.66 ' 12 1900, Aug. 26-Sept. 23] ELLUL 29 DAYS [W?K 5660

Day Hebrew PENTATEUCHAL PROPHETICAL English of the Month, SABBATHS, FESTIVALS, FASTS PORTIONS PORTIONS nouuVnnihi Week Ellul rivals nriDsn Aug. 26 1 New Moon £Hn 'VI '3 Num. 28:1-15 27 Ms 2 28 T 3 29 W 4 30 Th 5 31 F 6 Sept. 1 S 7 Shophetim D»OD1K' Deut. 16:18-21: 9 Isa. 51:12-52:12 2 8 3 Ms 9 .4 T 10 5 W 11 6 Th 12 7 F 13 8 S 14 Ki Tetsay' NVfl »2 Deut. 21:10-25:19 Isa. 54:1-10 9 15 10 Ms 16 11 T 17 12 W 18 13 Th 19 14 F 20 15 S 21 Ki Tabo' sun n Deut. 26:1-29: 8 Isa. 60:1-22 16 22 rnrvbD1? D'DPD 17 Ms 23 18 T 24 19 W 25 20 Th 26 21 F 27 22 S 28 Nitsabim D'3S3 Deut. 29: 9-30: 20 Isa. 61:10-63: 9 23 s 29 m air

13 14 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

THE JEWS OF THE UNITED STATES By ABBAM S. ISAACS The record of the Jews of the United States each suc- ceeding year, as the population steadily increases, with corresponding growth in religious, charitable and educational institutions, becomes more and more noteworthy. There has always been a fair development along various lines in the peculiarly happy atmosphere that is so genial for all religions; but the marked changes that have followed successive landslides of immigrants to American shores have demanded broader and more effective agencies, and given, to a certain degree, shape and direction to our community. While in many countries the medieval spirit still prevails, making the Jew a wanderer and outcast, on American soil he seems to be preparing a distinctly new era, and, composed of representatives of every clime and nationality, American Israel meets with full confidence the currents of the time. No such phe- nomena have ever been experienced by the Jew in all the lands and ages of his dispersion as are here presented; and, despite aberrations and contradictions that cannot be dis- guised and certain dangerous tendencies, which appear somewhat to affect all creeds under rapid transit American conditions, the genius of the Jew, his adaptativeness, energy, per- sistency, is finding ample field for the highest and most varied endeavor. The year's record of new immigration from September, 1898, to September, 1899, is not yet complete, but the re- turns furnished by the United States Bureau of Immigration from June, 1898, to June, 1899, show 37,415 under the head- THE JEWS OF THE UNITED STATES 15 ing "Hebrews," out of a total of 311,707—a discrimination which has been properly condemned, but is held by the officials to be expedient. With but few exceptions, theee thousands are quietly and satisfactorily coping with their new environment. The exact proportion of those seeking the larger cities cannot be ascertained; but each year they are scattered in greater numbers, and are selecting more varied lines of industry and occupation. Thanks to the impetus of the Hirsch Fund, agriculture is attracting hundreds. Over six hundred farms in New England respond to their activity, while in the special New Jersey settlements success has crowned their labor. The new immigrants are building communities throughout the Union. The synagogue and the school are erected to-day where a decade ago was a wilderness. Their energy is making itself felt in different ways, and as the newcomers quickly acquire a livelihood, and give their children public school education, they are proving themselves capable American citizens, yielding to no class in patriotism and public spirit. They furnished more than their quota of volunteers to the Spanish war. The educational activity of the year was fairly gratifying. The distinct impulse towards improvement of religious school methods, which was well maintained in Philadelphia, New York and Chicago; the third Summer Assembly of the Jewish Chautauqua; the publication of works like Abrahams' " Jewish Literature" and Dembitz's " Jewish Services in Synagogue and Home," by our Publication Society, were in themselves signs of advance. Thoughtful essays marked the sessions of the Central Conference of American Eabbis held on Eev. Dr. I. M. Wise's birthday. Kev. Dr. Drachman's translation of S. E. Hirsch's "Letters of Ben Uziel," a 16 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK famous book in its day and not yet obsolete, and Rev. Dr. H. P. Mendes' "Looking Ahead," a Zionistic fantasy, were among the Jewish books of the year, to which Mrs. A. Cohn- feldt Lust's " A Tent of Grace " is to be added, and perhaps the " Dreyfus Letters," which appeared at the culmination of interest in the tragedy of Devil's Isle. Mr. Zangwill's visit, with the scintillating series of lectures that was its result, had educational as well as literary interest, and awakened vig- orous and generally good-natured criticism. The twenty-fifth anniversary of the institution of Sunday services was held in Sinai Temple, Chicago, and rabbis from Cleveland, Philadelphia, Eochester, Pittsburg, etc., who sympathize with the movement, gave addresses. It cannot be said, however, that the Sunday Sabbath has proved more than an incident; it has not made the headway anticipated, and while it keenly suggests the difficulties that beset Jew- ish observance, it arouses effort to overcome the danger. Thus, the growth of the Council of Jewish Women, which has now 6000 contributing members, and whose branches extend throughout the country, is a happy augury. One of its most cherished principles is to promote Sabbath reverence. In addition, its circles for philanthropy and Biblical study are useful, and helpful agencies are maintained in many of the larger cities, like Chicago, Cleveland, Denver and New York. This organization was represented at the International Women's Congress held in June in London. The flag of Zionism continues to be unfurled by earnest advocates. The body of adherents is made up from among our Eussian brethren. Considerable enthusiasm was mani- fested by them at the annual session of the Federation at Baltimore; and even opponents, who deplore the movement THE JEWS OF THE UNITED STATES 17 in the phase as outlined by Dr. Herzl, must acknowledge the warmth and devotion of the Zionists. The Colonial Bank secured its anticipated number of subscriptions. With the exception of a few leaders, like Prof. Gottheil and Rev. Stephen S. Wise, and sympathizers, like Rev. Drs. B. Felsen- thal, G. Gottheil, M. Jastrow, H. P. Mendes, the movement has failed to influence American Jewish sentiment; and it will have to detach itself from the fantasy of a Judenstaat, and devote itself wholly to practical and practicable colonization, if it hopes to secure a larger following in this country. The condition of the various Jewish orders has not changed for the better. The fact that the Cleveland Orphan Asylum and Montefiore Home have become incorporated as separate institutions, although they are supported by the B'nai B'rith and the Kesher Shel Barzel, respectively, is significant. The 50th anniversary of the Free Sons of Israel, like the 50th anniversary of the B'nai B'rith a few years ago, failed to produce any permanent enthusiasm. Still, these fraternities are large organizations; the I. 0. B. B. in particular supports several useful institutions, and the problem of awakening more interest and strengthening the foundations is being carefully studied. There are those who maintain, in view of the steady decrease in membership in some districts, that the orders are on the decline, and should be disbanded. On the other hand, these symptoms are not regarded as serious by advocates of the I. 0. B. B., who point to the spread of the order in Europe and the Orient, and are confident that in America it will more than regain its prestige. 18 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

SUMMAKY OP THE YEAR The marked increase in new institutions and enlargement of old ones were a feature of the year, and illustrate the growth both in numbers and benefactions. Philadelphia, always a pioneer in benevolence, began work on the new building of the Young Women's Union and the Lucien Moss Home for Incurables. New York witnessed the opening of the new Baron de Hirsch Trade School and the Clara de Hirsch Working Girls' Home, while ground was broken for the new Mt. Sinai Hospital up town and the Beth Israel Hos- pital down town, as well as for the new edifice of the Young Men's Hebrew Association, the gift of Mr. Jacob II. Sehiff. The United Hebrew Charities dedicated its new home, the donation of Mr. Solomon Loeb. The Hebrew Infant Asylum of New York entered new quarters. The Mt. Zion Hospital of San Francisco and the new Hebrew Orphans' Home of Chicago were dedicated. The Newark Orphan Asylum made headway on its new building, and a site has been selected for the Emanu El Sisterhood Home of New York. The Touro In- firmary of New Orleans has had an annex provided, and the Atlanta Orphan Asylum opened a hospital ward. The need of more effective co-operation in benevolent work led to the conference of Jewish Charities in Cincinnati and the prelim- inary organization of a national society. New synagogues were dedicated in Denver, Brooklyn, Chicago, Philadelphia, New York, Cleveland, Atlantic City. The National Farm School at Doylestown, Pa., added appreciably to its accommodations, and revised its curriculum. The death of Baroness de Hirsch aroused sympathetic tributes. In the necrology of the year are to be noted the THE JEWS OF THE UNITED STATES 19 names of Jacob Ezekiel, an earnest worker for the Union of American Hebrew Congregations; Jacob Baiz, of New York, Consul-General for Honduras; Dr. Sigismund Waterman, of New York, and Michael Schwab, with whom the original founders of the I. 0. B. B. have passed away; and Mrs. Henrietta Heilprin, widow of Michael Heilprin, the author and philanthropist. 20 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

THE JEWS OP EUKOPE

BY JOSEPH JACOBS

In attempting to give some account of the condition of the Jews in Europe during the year 5659, it should be premised that a somewhat false impression is liable to be produced by such a survey. Where the condition of Jews is favorable, there is little or nothing to say, so that what one has to report gives a rather sombre tinge to the whole picture, which is liable to be misleading. Let me say, then, at once that, taken as a whole, the year 5659 has shown a more favorable aspect than almost any recent year. There are plague spots, it is true, at Vienna, Paris, Bucharest, and Algiers, but the disease has not spread during the past year, and, except at Bucharest, has even taken a somewhat milder form. Isolated outbreaks and expressions of ill-will have occurred elsewhere, but, considering the huge activity of Anti-Semitism, we are surprised that they have not been more frequent. Inside the Jewish communities the one general movement that has attracted attention has been Zionism, which seems destined to divide the communities of this generation as the question of Keform did in the earlier years of the century. Whether its appearance is to be regarded as a favorable or a sinister sign in Jewish affairs, depends very much upon the individual standpoint, but even its opponents must recognize a certain idealistic trait in the movement, and enthusiasm for ideals can never be altogether bad. We might sum up the year 5659 in two words—Zionism and Dreyfus. THE JEWS OV EUKOPE 21 The year has seen the gradual collapse of the apology for a case against Captain Dreyfus, and at the moment there is every prospect of his being shortly released and of the iniquity of 1894 being to some extent redressed. The immediate cause of the change was the suicide of Colonel Henry, the arch-traitor in the original drama. After that confession of guilt, the claims for revision could not be denied even by the most prejudiced. The moment anything like fair investi- gation of the facts of the case was entered into, it was at once seen how flimsy was the charge. With its break-down, a severe blow was given to Anti-Semitism throughout Europe. It was the Anti-Semites who persisted in making Captain Dreyfus a typical Jew, in making his case a reason for regarding every Jew as a potential traitor; now they are reaping their due reward. To the surprise and to the growing admiration even of the French people, this typical traitor is turning out one of the most remarkable characters history has revealed. He has borne his martyrdom with the patience of a saint and the heroism of a soldier. The severest tortures of body and spirit have not soured him. He appears almost the only Dreyfusard who does not clamor for revenge. The Anti-Semites have chosen their type; the Jews might very well accept it. Of the many exciting incidents that have characterized the various stages of the denouement, it is impossible here to speak. The brave bid for justice by M. Brisson; the final attempt to discredit Colonel Picquart by imprisonment on a ridiculous charge; the' successive changes of attitude of Mr. Facing-both-ways Dupuy; M. Quesnay de Beaurepaire, with his gossip about grog and the hoax played upon him by " M. Karl"; the desperate attempt to get the whole Cour de 22 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

Cassation to re-revise the revision which its Criminal Cham- ber seemed inclined to grant, with its utter failure; the romantic voyage of the Sfax from the lie du Diable, and the hurried and dramatic landing of Captain Dreyfus at Quiberon; and the subsequent revelation of the tortures he had undergone in the preceding four years,—are doubtless fresh in every reader's memory, not alone among Jews, but throughout the civilized world, which has seen a most striking novel in action. History knows no parallel to this cause celebre, which has divided a nation so profoundly, and effected so many changes in government and administration. One of the most marked of these changes has been the revulsion of feeling in Alsace, brought about by this portentous act of injustice against a typical Alsatian, and it is a characteristic incident that the Chief Eabbi of Alsace was borne to his grave with the highest honors of the Ehineland at the same moment that a final attempt was being made to withhold justice from Dreyfus. Never has the course of justice in history been so clear as in this memorable affaire. The question of the immediate future scarcely affects us here, but one cannot but hope that the magnanimous attitude of Dreyfus himself will be imitated by those who have fought so bravely on his behalf. The cry for vengeance was never a Jewish cry, and would be most impolitic in the present in- stance. It would be as unwise as unjust to allow the Dreyfus case to be made the excuse for an attack upon Clericalism, or even Jesuitry, in France. The Jesuits may have made use of the affaire to increase their influence in the army; some of them may even have had something to do with the under- hand methods by which Dreyfus was originally condemned and by which the revision was impeded so long; but that is THE JEWS OF EUROPE 23 no reason why Jews should allow themselves to he made a beating-stick for Jesuits or for the clergy in general. From France to Algiers is a natural step, which, as regards the past year, may be said to be from the sublime to the ridic- uloiis. The true aims of the braggadocio Max Kegis and his followers have become apparent to the French Govern- ment, who soon put an end to his pranks when it was found that they meant Separatism. Unfortunately the effects of the stirring of the muddy waters of religious prejudice cannot be removed so easily. It will be some years before the unfortunate Jews of Algeria can resume their normal relations with their neighbors, and in the meantime many a family has been and will be ruined by the obstacles placed in the way of their earning their living, owing to religious prejudice. It is, however, at Vienna that the most deleterious results may be seen of the Anti-Semitic agitation. The Municipal Council has continued to show its petty spite against Jews by such acts as excluding reporters of the best-known Viennese paper, the Nem Freie Presse, because it is edited by a Jew, while they have even imported Anti-Semitic feeling into such a seemingly innocuous topic as the supply of gas to Vienna. The separation of Jewish from Christian children in public schools has also been a sign of the relentless enmity of the Viennese municipality against the Jews, setting up a barrier against them—a sort of educational Ghetto—from their earliest years. Yet the influence of the mountebank Mayor, Dr. Lueger, has visibly diminished during the year, till at last we have seen him protected from the populace, whom he once roused against the Jews, by a guard of sixty mounted police. Here, too, time has brought about its re- venges, but meanwhile the evil has been done, and the embit- 24 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK terment of social relations between Jew and Christian has advanced to a deplorable extent. It is specially deplorable to find Anti-Semitism so rife among the students of the Uni- versity of Vienna, a fact which implies that the governing classes of the future are being imbued with religious prejudice during their most impressionable years. It is characteristic that it is from Vienna that the comparatively new movement of political Zionism—which so many regard as a counsel of despair—has arisen. On the other hand, it is satisfactory to observe that almost all signs of Anti-Semitic feeling have disappeared in Hun- gary, though in the neighboring provinces of the dual mon- archy, Bohemia and Galicia, unfortunate riots have disturbed the relations of Jew and Christian during the past year. In regard to Galicia, it is possible that the movement against the Jews was of the nature of a Jacquerie, rather than a purely religious or racial one, since Jews form nearly half the class of small land-owners in that province. The conflict is the more disastrous since, quite apart from it, the social and economic condition of the pullulating masses of Jews in Galicia has worsened from year to year, till the Judenelend of Galicia has become a by-word. Contrasted with the condition of the Jews in Lower Aiis- tria and Galieia, that of our Eussian co-religionists for the first time shows some slight degree of amelioration. What- ever be the cause—whether it be the good-will of the Czar or the desire of his financial representatives to entice capital into the country—there has been a distinct—thotigh perhaps only slight—indication of a more favorable attitude of the Russian Government towards its Jewish subjects. The deci- sions of the Senate throughout the year have been uniformly THE JEWS OF EUROPE 25 favorable to Jews, even to the extent of allowing a new agricultural colony, in direct opposition to the notorious " May Laws," while the restrictions on residents outside the Pale have been distinctly modified in favor of Jews. The facts, that a Jew has been admitted as a hereditary noble, and that a Jewish soldier received marked military honors at St. Petersburg, are also significant, if slight, signs of a more humane attitude on the part of the government. Possibly one of the reasons for this change may be found in the remarkable figures in the census of the Eussian Empire, taken in 1897, but published only this year. From this it appears that, notwithstanding the enormous emigration of the last twenty years, the Jews of Eussia number no less than 5,700,000. When it is remembered that they are concen- trated in the Governments of Eussia where slight begin- nings are being made towards manufacturing industry, and that it is the whole policy of the government to develop manu- factures, the significance of these figures becomes apparent. It is significant that the Hirsch trustees, the Jewish Coloniza- tion Association, have begun to assist Jewish artisans in Eus- sia, with the consent of the Eussian Government. Even with these more favorable signs the lot of the Eussian Jew is suf- ficiently hard, but at any rate we can say that it is not at present being made harder by the Eussian bureaucracy. Notwithstanding the isolated case of a riot at Mcolaieff, it may be said that the Eussian people have never been against the Jews. A different picture is presented by that annexe to Eussia known as Eoumania, where the government, in its attitude towards Jews, has betrayed more than Eussian rigor; so much has this been the case that it might plausibly be 26 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAE BOOK

argued that the position of the Jews is more unfavorable in Eoumania than in Eussia itself, for here the government has adopted the dastardly plan of striking at the educational system of the Eoumanian Jews. By this means they create ill-will between the two creeds from the earliest years, while preventing Jewish youth from receiving the training which would make them good citizens. Of the 36,000 Jewish children of school age in Eoumania, not more than 3,000 are allowed to attend the public elementary schools, and steps are being taken to diminish even this paltry number. It is of no avail that the Jews have contributed their quota of the taxes of blood and money which are exacted from all Eoumanians of any creed; they are insidiously regarded as " aliens," and are unable to find a career for their talents and abilities. . It is to be regretted that one has to refer to some signs of Anti-Semitic feeling in the neighboring kingdom of Greece as an indirect result of the Cretan War, in which, it would appear, the Jews showed evidences of sympathy for Turkey, which has so uniformly treated them with humanity and tolerance. There has been some slight trouble in Larissa, and the Jews of Cauea thought it desirable to leave when the Turks left the island. There has fortunately been no indication of. ill-will against the Jews in Turkey, but to leave Europe for a moment, one has to recognize that Turkey has been getting alarmed at the influx of- Jews into Palestine—whether as a result of the Zionistic movement or not, it is somewhat hard to say. Cer- tainly it is difficult for a Jew now to enter the Holy Land, and even French, English, and Italian Jews have had to appeal for protection to their consuls before being allowed to THE JEWS OP EUEOPE 27 land at Jaffa. The visit of the German Emperor to Jerusalem has been interpreted in many ways by those who watch the meteoric career of that somewhat enigmatic character. One hears that he is decidedly in favor of the Zionistic movement, as likely, in his opinion, to increase the influence of Germany in the Holy Land. With this reference to Zionism we may return to the career of Jews in the more fortunate countries where no Anti- Semitic feeling exists. In Germany it has died out, and even the attempt of Viennese agitators to revive it in Bavaria has proved unsuccessful. Holland and Italy, Switzerland and England, have all been in the proverbially happy position of countries which have no history. Having no outward attacks to bear, the Jews in these countries have mainly been occupied in dividing themselves on the problem of Zionism. It is somewhat difficult to determine how far the Zionistic idea has made progress in Europe during the past year. The second Basle Congress scarcely seemed to arouse so much enthusiasm as the first, which is perhaps natural. The movement has arrived at the difficult phase constituted by the creation of the Colonial Trust or Bank. This has been so far a success that the million and a quarter dollars needed as a minimum have been subscribed, and certainly, if the movement has a practical aim and basis, it has for some time to come the wherewithal to carry it out. This is the critical stage of political Zionism, and every one is awaiting the next step. Meanwhile, within the ranks of Zionism itself a certain amount of division appears to be taking place—some reverting to the old ideas of gradual colonization, while others keep their allegiance to the idee mere of the New Zionism—a guarantee from the Turkish suzerain for a legally 28 AMEBICAN JEWISH YEAK BOOK constituted home in Palestine. What part the German Em- peror is to play in obtaining a guarantee, or in securing it when obtained, lies hidden in the breast of the chief representative, Dr. Herzl, for this is in the main a one-man movement, which is at once the source of its weakness and its strength. It would be an almost unique event in Jewish history, if a single man can carry through a great national plan without secession or conflict. In England the movement has been for the most part taken up by those who have recently experienced Kussian and Roumanian tyranny. Very few of the historic nucleus of the English Jews have cast a favorable eye upon the new movement. The Chief Eabbi, in particular, has exercised all his eloquence and authority in combating it, and the chief Anglo- Jewish newspaper has been equally strong against Zionism. For the rest, there has been little stirring in communal matters in England. Rabbinical diplomas have for the first time been given to theological students trained solely in England, so that it may be anticipated that in a few years England will be able to supply its own rabbis. A tentative movement has been made towards Sunday services, which at present has not led to any active steps. The oft-threatened attempt to intro- duce an Alien Immigration Bill, to be based on the United States practice, has again been dropped by the government, and with the marked revival in trade very little is heard of the deleterious influence of the alien immigrant. Abroad, apart from the events already referred to, one can observe signs of Jewish ability making its way to the front in various countries. One of the most characteristic of these is the fact that the late Mr. Gladstone was succeeded, in two of the foreign honors which he had gained by his brilliant THE JEWS OF EUROPE 29 gifts, by two Jews—Signor Luzzatti at the French Institute and Mr. T. C. Asser at the Brussels Academy, the latter taking also a very prominent place at the Hague Conference. As regards European Jewish literature, it would be impossible to summarize, even roughly, the mass of publications pouring forth from the press on all sides of the manifold Jewish interests, but the production of the first volume of Professor Lazarus' Ethik des Judenthums deserves special mention, even in the most summary treatment; while the recent production of some further pages of the Hebrew original of Ecclesiasticus by Professor Schechter (who has during the year received the well-merited honor of the appointment as Professor of Hebrew in the University of London) is perhaps the most striking event in purely Hebrew literature. Mr. Zangwill has been comparatively silent during the year, at least on this side of the water; but Mr. Gordon, who follows to some extent in his footsteps, has added to his reputation by his " Daughters of Shem" and his " Lesser Destinies." One should not, perhaps, leave out of account that one of the most noteworthy books of last year in England was Mr. Sidney Lee's " Life of Shakespeare." It is indeed curious—having the " Merchant of Venice " in view—that among the most prominent Shakespearian scholars of the day are Mr. Sidney Lee and Mr. Israel Gollancz. While in other respects our report of the year 5659 is on the whole favorable, there is one point in which it has been of darker hue than almost any recent year. European Judaism has lost during the year a more than usually large proportion of eminent and memorable figures. Chief Eabbi Tal, of Holland, and Chief Eabbi Weill, of Strasburg, were perhaps more eminent for their position than for their influ- 30 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAK BOOK ence on contemporary Judaism. Dr. E. Hildesheimer was a force throughout European Jewry which has heen consistently exercised in favor of orthodoxy for very many years. Babbi Wohlgemuth was perhaps not so commanding a figure, but his influence was exercised in the centre of Russian Jewry. Jewish philanthropy has suffered severe losses during the past year; prominent among them is that of Baroness de Hirsch, who carried out so worthily her husband's magnificent plans for the amelioration of the race. Baron Ferdinand de Rothschild was conspicuous as a Maecenas, and his magnificent collections will henceforth become the permanent possession of the British nation. Germany, as well as German Judaism, has seen two predominant figures in the political sphere removed by death during the year. Dr. Ludwig Bamberger was for many years one of the directing minds of German Liberalism, while Dr. Martin E. von Simson was little less than one of the founders of the German Empire, so prominent a position did he take in its early years. These two men alone would be sufficient to disprove the Anti- Semitic outcry that Jews cannot be patriots, and cannot devote their whole energies to the welfare of the nation. An- other example is afforded by the late Madame Coralie Cahen, the French Florence Nightingale, a Jewish Sister of Mercy, whose efforts in the Franco-Prussian War were recognized by the rare decoration of the Legion of Honor. She and Madame Furtado-Heine were recently the only two women holding the Grand Cross, and now both are gone. It is curious that the year which has seen the Court of Cassation so much dis- cussed has also seen the death of a former Jewish President of it, M. G. E. Bedarrides. The eminence of Jews in the drama has been sadly exemplified by the death of Adolphe THE JEWS OF EUKOPE 31 Dennery, one of the most popular French dramatic authors. In the world of thought, the death of Professor H. Steinthal has removed one of the foremost thinkers of the day; with Professor Lazarus he was the founder of the study of Volker- psychologie, while his works on the Origin of Language and on Ethics are classic productions. A remarkable figure has dropped out of the ranks of French Judaism in Alexandra Weill, one of the most brilliant journalists of the French capital and one of the last surviving members of the Heine set. Signor David Levi, of Turin, was a poet of some power, and devoted his gifts to Jewish themes; while David Henriques de Castro, of Amsterdam, was an antiquary of great gifts, who pursued researches in the history of the aristo- cratic community of which he was one of the last representatives. It is somewhat rare that a bookseller, as such, should demand notice in a European survey like this, but the late Fischl Hirsch has done as much as any one towards that revival of New-Hebrew studies which has been so characteristic a movement of the century now passing away. Scarcely a library of Europe was not indebted to him for some of its most precious manuscript treasures.1 The losses of the year have been many and great, yet every- where one sees Jews of ability coming to the fore to replace them both in the national and in the communal life. At first view, a survey of Jewish affairs produces a feeling of de- pression. The century opened with the highest hopes of emancipation in all directions: it appears to be closing with

1 To this list must now be added the name of Professor David Kauf main of Buda-Pesth, one of the most active and able of contemporary Jewish scholars, whose death at the early age of forty-seven is a severe blow to Jewish science. [ED.] 32 AMEEICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK attempts at taking back the rights slowly won from the sense of justice of the nations. There is a reaction, it is true, but already we can discern the turn of the tide. The defection of France from the great cause of Liberty has been, indeed, a severe blow, but France herself is coming round to juster views, and many years must elapse before Frenchmen will forget the impasse they have been led into through the wiles of the Anti-Semites. It will take something more than demonstrations concocted by M. Paulus at foiir francs per head to induce Frenchmen to embark once more upon the troubled waters of Anti-Semitism. The Viennese have not yet awakened from their Anti-Semitic nightmare, and Vienna is perhaps the most dangerous spot in Europe, from a Jewish standpoint; but elsewhere in Europe men are awakening from their dreams, and are beginning to recognize that in all unsectarian action they can once more clasp hands with their Jewish fellow-citizens, and act in unison with them for the welfare of their fatherland. Eussia is still in the seventeenth century, not alone in regard to Jews, but in regard to all dissenters and all ideals of modern progress. It is impossible, however, that the state of affairs can last long, now that she has entered upon new lines of economic development, and when once this is done, the useful place which Jews can take in the modern manufacturing community will ulti- mately have to be recognized, even by Russia herself. When once Eussia enters upon the path of justice, Eoumania cannot but follow, and cadit quaestio Judaica. Meanwhile the very attacks upon Jews and Judaism have aroused some of the noblest sides of the Jewish nature: persistent patience under persecution, fellow-feeling with the oppressed, clinging with fervor even to the national ideals of the persecutors. THE JEWS OF EUROPE 33 In this regard, as in so many others, Dreyfus has been the typical figure: after all he has suffered, he seems anxious to devote himself only to the highest interests of the nation that has treated him so ill. 34 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

DIRECTORY OF NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS

ALLIANCE ISRAELITE UNIVERSELLE ALBANY BRANCH Founded April 1, 1877. President, Dr. M. Schlesinger; Treasurer and Secretary, Julius Laventall. Members, 38. Annual income, about $100. Organization meets Passover. BALTIMORE BRANCH Founded June 10, 1888. Officers: President, Aaron Friedenwald, M. D.; Vice-President, Rev. Dr. B. Szold; Secretary, B. H. Hartogensis, 204 Courtland Street; Treasurer, A. B. Arnold, M. D.; Directors: Rabbis A. Guttmacher, Wm. Rosenau, H. W. Schnee- berger, S. SchafEer, Chas. H. Rubenstein and A. Kaiser; Drs. Jos. Blum and Harry Friedenwald; Jacob Herman, Simon Dalsheimer, Silas M. Fleischer, Leon Schiff, M. S. Levy, Benj. Cohen, Louis Kaufman and F. Fuechsl. Members, 97. Annual income, about $225. NEW YORK BRANCH Office, 45 Broadway, Room 163. President, A. S. Solomons; Treasurer, David de Meza; Secretary, Dr. H. Pereira Mendes, 1 W. 69th Street. Members, 100. Annual income, $200-$400. PHILADELPHIA BRANCH Secretary's Office, 336 N. Third Street Founded October 11, 1868. Officers: President, Moses A. Dropsie; Treasurer, A. M. Frechie; Secretary, D. Sulzberger. Board of Trustees: Horace A. Nathans, Isaac P. Hunt, David Teller, Raphael Brunswick, Mayer Troutman, Abraham M. Kohn, Rev. Dr. Marcus Jastrow, Rev. Dr. H. Iliowizi, Rev. Dr. H. Berkowitz. Members, 225. Annual income, $600. THE AMERICAN JEWISH HISTORICAL SOCIETY 35

PITTSBUBG BRANCH Cremieux Society, founded 1875. Custodian and Superintendent, Rev. Dr. L. Mayer. Members, 40 to 50. Annual income, $60 to $100.

COLLECTIONS Collections are taken up, usually at Purim, in Chicago, India- napolis, Milwaukee, Nashville, St. Louis.

SOCIETY OF AMERICAN CANTORS Founded March, 1894. Officers: President, Alois Kaiser, 1713 Linden Avenue, Balti- more; Vice-President, Wm. Sparger, 1185 Lexington Avenue, New York; Secretary, Wm. Loewenberg, 1424 N. 7th Street, Phila- delphia; Treasurer, S. Rappaport, West End Synagogue, New York. Board of Trustees: Alois Kaiser, Wm. Sparger, S. Rappaport, Wm. Loewenberg, David Cahn. Members, 100. Board meeting quarterly, January, April, July and October. Organization meets in July. Object: To develop the music of the Synagogue.

THE AMERICAN JEWISH HISTORICAL SOCIETY Organized at New York, June 7, 1892; incorporated December 19, 1898, in the District of Columbia. Officers: President, Dr. Cyrus Adler; Vice-Presidents, Hon. Simon W. Rosendale, Mendes Cohen, Prof. Chas. Gross, Prof. H. B. Adams; Treasurer, Prof. Richard Gottheil; Corresponding Secretary, Dr. Herbert Friedenwald, 943 K Street N. W., Wash- ington; Recording Secretary, Prof. J. H. Hollander. Executive Council: Hon. Oscar S. Straus, Dr. B. Felsenthal, Prof. Morris Jastrow, Jr., Hon. Mayer Sulzberger, Hon. N. Taylor Phillips, Hon. Simon Wolf, Max J. Kohler, Esq., John Samuel, Esq., Rev. Dr. David Philipson, Rev. Henry Cohen. Members: 6 honorary, 11 corresponding, 4 life, 200 regular. Annual income, about $1100. Organization meets usually in December. Objects: The collection, preservation and publication of material having reference to the settlement and history of the Jews on the American continent. The meetings of the Society are devoted to the reading and discussion of papers; 6 publications have been issued; the Society owns a number of books, manuscripts and portraits. 36 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAE BOOK

FEDERATION OF AMERICAN ZIONISTS Officers: President, Professor Richard Gottheil, Columbia Uni- versity, New York; Vice-Presidents: Dr. B. Felsenthal, Chicago; Dr. Aaron Friedenwald, Baltimore; Dr. M. Jastrow, Philadelphia; Professor C. Levias, Cincinnati; Rabbi M. Margolis, Boston; Rabbi S. Shenfeld, Louisville, Ky.; H. Masliansky, New York; Dr. S. Solis Cohen, Philadelphia; Dr. Philip Klein, New York; Rabbi B. Levinthal, Philadelphia; Honorary Secretary, I. D. Morrison, 320 Broadway, New York; Honorary Treasurer, C. D. Birkhahn, New York. Executive Council: Dr. S. Schaffer, Baltimore; Henrietta Szold, Baltimore; Dr. B. L. Gordon, Philadelphia; D. W. Amram, Philadelphia; L. Zolotkoff, Chicago; W. Schur, Chicago; Hon. N. Taylor Phillips, New York; K. H. Sarasohn, New York. American Representatives in the Vienna Executive Committee: Professor Richard Gottheil, Rabbi Stephen S. Wise. American Delegates to the Third Zionist Congress at Basle: Richard Gottheil, Mrs. Richard Gottheil, Henrietta Szold, K. H. Sarasohn, G. H. Mayer, Stephen S. Wise, H. P. Mendes, L. Zinsler, Davis Trietsch, Eva Leon, Adam Rosenberg, W. Schur, L. Zolot- koff, M. Margolis, M. Jastrow, S. Solis Cohen. The second anmial conference of the American Federation of Zionists met in Baltimore, June 18 and 19, 1899. The address of welcome was delivered by Dr. S. Schaffer, president of the Baltimore Zion Society. Professor Richard Gottheil, the president, delivered an annual address, reviewing the condition of the Jews, especially in Galicia, and the progress of Zionism in America and Europe, and explaining the purpose and scope of the Jewish Colonial Trust. The reports of the secretary and the treasurer were presented. The Honorary Secretary, Stephen S. Wise, reported upon the work of the Federation during 1898- 99, its publications, the increase in the number of federated organizations, the founding of a company in New York for the sale of Palestinian wine, and the necessity for a Zionist organ. The publications of the Federation are: The Aims of Zionism, by Professor Richard Gottheil. The Progress of Zionism, by Herbert Bentwich, LL. B. George Eliot as a Zionist. The sum of $50 was appropriated for the publication and free distribution of the proceedings of the Conference in English, Hebrew and Yiddish. A like sum was appropriated for the alleviation of the suffering of the Jewish miners and their families in Boryslaw, Galicia. In response to an appeal by Herbert Bentwich, of London, the sum of $100 was contributed as the nucleus of a fund to be secured through general appeal to the public and a special FEDERATION OF AMERICAN ZIONISTS 37 appeal to the federated societies to give at least $10 each, this fund to be devoted to the purchase of the sites in Modin, Pales- tine, for the purpose of erecting1 a Maccabean memorial in the form of an agricultural college and settlement, such project to be undertaken in conjunction with the English Zionist Federa- tion, with the consent of the Vienna Executive Committee, and to be known as the Anglo-American Zionist Maccabean Memorial. At a public meeting addresses were delivered by Dr. G. Gott- heil, of New York; Dr. L. Zinsler, of New York; Leah Asher, of Worcester, Mass.; Mr. L. Zolotkoff, of Chicago; and Mr. Max Raisin, of Cincinnati. ZIONIST SOCIETIES IN THE FEDERATION; Chewrah Agudath Zion, Alliance, N. J. Secretary, J. Crassen- stein, Norma, N. J. Ezras Zion, Altoona, Pa. President, Rabbi Simon Glaser, 1807 14th Avenue. Zion Association, Atlanta, Ga. Secretary, J. Winer. Zion Association, Atlanta, Ga. President, Y. Dorfau, 35 Moore Street. Zion Society, Atlantic City, N". J. Secretary, J. H. Perskie. Lovers of Zion, Augusta, Ga. Secretary, A. Tannebaum, 1222 Broad Street. Ezrath Chovevei Zion, Baltimore, Md. Secretary, Jacob Hettel- man, 1020 Low Street. Zion Association, Baltimore, Md. Secretary, Bernard Makover, 409 N. Calhoun Street. Dorshei Zion, Berkley, Va. Hayman Goodman, P. O. Box 277. Dorshei Zion No. 1, Boston, Mass. Corresponding Secretary, Louis Goldberg, 302 Hanover Street. Dorshoth Zion Association of Boston, Boston, Mass. Corre- sponding Secretary, Miss P. Arkin, 65 Lambert Avenue, Roxbury, Mass. Hebrew National Association of Boston, Boston, Mass. Presi- dent, F. Altman, 5 Barlow Street. Lovers of Zion Society of East Boston, Boston, Mass. Secre- tary, Robert Goodman. New England Zionist Federation, Boston, Mass. Louis Gold- berg, 302 Hanover Street. Sons and Daughters of Zion, Boston, Mass. Secretary, Robert Silverman, 93 Leverett Street. Zion Association, Boston, Mass. K. M. Casanof, 317 Harrison Avenue, East Boston. Bnothe Zion, Brooklyn, N. Y. Secretary, Gertrude Grodden, 50 Moore Street. Ohavei Zion of Brooklyn, Brooklyn, N. Y. J. Mainloff, 174 Harrison Avenue. 38 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

Zion Society, Burlington, Vt. Rev. H. Sachs. Chovevei Zion, Chattanooga, Tenn. Secretary, Simon J. Rausen, 118 Leonard Street. Dorshei Zion, Chelsea, Mass. President, H. B. Siegel, 69 Salem Street. Dorshoth Zion, Chelsea, Mass. President, Mrs. Tichell, 222 Washington Avenue. Dorshei Zion, Chicago, 111. President, L. Enelow, 233 S. Hermi- tage Avenue. Independent Order of Chovevei Zion, Chicago, 111. Secretary, D. Pollock, 400 Chicago Avenue. Knights of Zion, Chicago, 111. Leon Zolotkoff, 70 La Salle Street, Room 32. South Side Chicago Association, Chicago, 111. Secretary, Isidor Jacobson, 3138 Wentworth Avenue. Zion Association of America, Chicago, 111. E. B. Menrow, 891 Milwaukee Avenue. Daughters of Zion, Cincinnati, O. President, Mrs. H. Hurwitz, W. Sixth Street. Ohavei Zion, Cincinnati, O. Corresponding Secretary, L. Greenberg. Zion Society, Circleville, O. Secretary, Meyer Margolis. Bnoth Zion Association, Cleveland, O. President, Rebecca Barnett, 299 Woodland Avenue. Chovevei Zion, Cleveland, O. S. Rocker, 224 Woodland Avenue. Young American B'nai Zion Association, Cleveland, O. Sec- retary, Maurice B. Sacheroff, 215 Orange Street. Chovevei Zion, Columbus, O. President, H. M. Stone, 447 E. Marmouth Street. Dallas, Tex. P. Aronoff, 556 Elm Street. Chovevei Zion, Denver, Col. President, M. Feierstein, P. O. Box 154. Tifereth Zion, Derby, Conn. Secretary, Louis S. Levin. Zion Society, Duluth, Minn. Jacob Helpern, 116 W. Superior Street. Chevras Zion, Durham, N. C. Secretary, Wm. Herman, 111 Mangum Street. Zion Association, Evansville, Ind. Secretary, W. Lieberman. B'nai Zion Association, Galveston, Tex. 2818 Avenue F. B'nai Zion, Greensburg, Pa. Isaac Beker, Depot Street. Hartford, Conn. Rev. Isaac Hurwitz, 279 Market Street. Mebaashereth Zion, Indianapolis, Ind. Secretary, M. Rabino- witz, 510 S. Illinois Street. Sons of Zion, Kansas City, Mo. Secretary, S. Greenman, 1733 Grand Avenue. Zion Society, Kansas City, Mo. H. Werley, 1304 W. Ninth Street. FEDERATION OF AMERICAN ZIONISTS 39 Ohavei Zion, Knoxville, Tenn. Secretary, Rev. I. Winick, P. O. Box 781. Zion Society Congregation Kahal Israel, Los Angeles, Cal. Secretary, Victor Harris. Mebhasereth Zion, Louisville, Ky. M. Libsitz, 419 Preston Street. Zionist Society of Louisville, Louisville, Ky. Secretary, A. Rothstein, Jackson and Market Streets. Lovers of Zion, Memphis, Tenn. Secretary, M. Miller, 29 Third Street. Bnoth Zion, Minneapolis, Minn. Secretary, Mrs. Esther Che- dek, 213 8th Avenue. Ohavei Zion, Minneapolis, Minn. Secretary, D. Blumfleld, 126 Second Street. Zionist Society of Montreal, Montreal, Can. Secretary, Clar- ence I. De Sola, 71 McGill Avenue. Hovevei Zion, New Haven, Conn. Secretary, Rev. A. Buch- blatter, 109 Oak Street. Zion Association, New Haven, Conn. President, Rev. R. Funk, 149 Congress Avenue. Zion Society, New Haven, Conn. John A. Bailey, 226 Com- merce Street. Chovevei Zion, New London, Conn. Secretary, M. Feder, 49 Bradley Street. Zion Society, New Orleans, La. S. Rabinowitz, 714 Dryades Street. B'nai Zion Alliance, Norfolk, Va. M. B. Schochet, 78 Fen- church Street. Chovevei Zion, Omaha, Neb. President, Rev. M. A. Zimmer- man, 213 N. Eleventh Street. Orange Zionist Society, Orange, N. J. Corresponding Secre- tary, S. J. Klauber, 193 Main Street. Zion Society, Parkersburg, W. Va. Sam Edelstein, 209 Third Street. Zion Society, Parkersburg, W. Va. L. Lowenstein. Zion Society, Paterson, N. J. A. B. Judelson, 176 Ellison Street. Ohavei Zion, Philadelphia, Pa. Corresponding Secretary, S. J. Sherbow, 704 S. Fifth Street. Philadelphia Zionist Society, Philadelphia, Pa. A. A. Dem- bitz, 258 S. Ninth Street. Dorshei Zion, Pittsburg, Pa. President, Jos. S. Gluck, 5th Avenue and Washington Street. Chovevei Zion of Providence, Providence, R. I. Samuel Mason, 100 Charles Street. Daughters of Zion, Providence, R. I. Secretary, Etta Cohen, 12 Jenkes Street. 40 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

Congregation Shomrei ha-Berith, Reading, Pa. Rabbi A. C. Leventhal. Chewrah B'nai Zion, Rochester, N. Y. Secretary, L. J. Rose, 30 Leopold Street. Zion Society, Rochester, N. Y. L. Berman, 16 Hanover Street. Zion Society, Rosenhayn, N. J. Treasurer, L. Kohn, P. O. Box 33. Rishon le Zion Lodge No. 114, St. Louis, Mo. Secretary, B. M. Silverstein, 915 N. High Street. B'nai Zion, St. Louis, Mo. Secretary, R. Abramson, 926 Wash- ington Street. Young Zionists of St. Paul, St. Paul, Minn. Secretary, Ben Cohenson, 505 Baltimore Building. Chevrah M'vasereth Zion, San Antonio, Tex. Secretary, J. S. Evans, 327% Commerce Street. Helpers of Zion, San Francisco, Cal. Secretary, Rev. M. S. Levy, 1359 Post Street. Zion Society, Springfield, Mass. Benjamin Boerg, 22 Morgan Street. Springfield and Holyoke, Mass. Secretary, H. Robinson, 61 Perry Street, Springfield. Zion Association, Springfield, O. Secretary, B. Ebner. Zion Society of Syracuse, Syracuse, N. Y. Corresponding Secretary, A. Hyman, 905 Orange Street. Toledo, O. D. Raymon, 641 Woodruff Avenue. Hovevei Zion, Toronto, Can. H. A. Sholoff, 207 York Street. Dorshei Zion, Trenton, N. J. Secretary, Isaac Milner, 10 Washington Street. Zion Association, Troy, N.. Y. Morris Isenberg, 140 River Street. Showe Zion, Utica, N. Y. Secretary, J. Jacobson, 10 Washing- ton Street. Ezrath Zion, Waco, Tex. Secretary, L. Ginsberg, N. Eighth and Marlborough Streets. Hewrah B'nai Zion, Washington, D. C. Secretary, Rev. Morris Mandel, 1232 Ninth Street N. W. Ahawas Zion, West Superior, Wis. S. Rosenbloom, 1223 Sixth Street. Zion Society, Wichita, Kan. Secretary, J. Jordan, 427 E. Dog Street. Zion Association, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Can. H. Widman. B^nai Zion, Wilmington, Del. Secretary, Louis Finger. Chovevei Zion, Woonsocket, R. I. Secretary, Jos. Mack, 31 Polo Street. Ohavei Zion, Worcester, Mass. Secretary, Abraham Feingold, 44 Lamartine Street. Daughters of Zion, Worcester, Mass. Jeannette Feingold, 28 Crown Street. FEDERATION OF AMERICAN ZIONISTS 41 The Maccabees of Zion, Worcester, Mass. Secretary, B. A. Lewison, 3 Meade Street. Zion Association, Zanesville, O. H. Weber. FEDERATION OF ZIONIST SOCIETIES OP GREATEB NEW YORK AND VICINITY 201 Henry Street. Officers: President, Dr. J. Bluestone; Vice-Presidents, Rev. Dr. Zinsler, K. Sarasohn, A. Tanenbaum, A. Andron, I. Mirsky; D. J. Levinson; Treasurer, L. Conn; Secretaries, H. Spielberg, B. Andron, B. Rubinstein. Clubs and Libraries Bnei Zion. Ahave Zion. Schochre Tushia. Zion Educational Club. Ahavath Zion, Brooklyn. Bnei Zion, Brownsville. Zion Bemishpot Tipode. Alliance Zionists. Chovei Zion. Societies for Propaganda and Lectures Zionah. Young American Zionists. Young Lovers of Zion. Degel Zion (Roumanian). West-Side Zion Society (Portuguese). Ahavath Zion. . Bonei Zion. Nes Zionah, Jersey City. Ahavath Zion, Paterson. Emunath Zion (Austrian). Benefit-paying Societies Zion Club No. 1. Zion Club No. 2. Congregations Mateh Levi. Adas Zion Anshe Kowno. Tifereth Jerusholaim. Ahavath Achim Anshe Usda. Chemdath Zion. Jeshuath Zion. Poel Zedec Anshe Ilio. 42 AMEEICAN JEWISH YEAE BOOK

LacKes' Societies Bnoth Zion. Daughters of Zion. American Daughters of Zion. Up-town Daughters of Zion.1

BABON DE HIESCH FUND2 45 Broadway, New York City. Deed of trust executed in March, 1890, by Baron Maurice de Hirsch for the benefit of Eussian and Boumanian Jewish immigrants. Capital, $2,500,000. Annual income, $100,000. Trustees: President, M. S. Isaacs, New York; Vice-President, Jacob H. Schiff, New York; Treasurer, Emanuel Lehman, New York; Henry Rice, New York; James H. Hoffman, New York; Abraham Abraham, Brooklyn; William B. Hackenburg, Phila- delphia; Mayer Sulzberger, Philadelphia; General Agent, A. S. Solomons; Agricultural Agent, Arthur Eeichow; Superintendent Agricultural School, H. L. Sabsovich. Chairman of the Philadelphia Committee, William B. Hacken- burg; Chairman of the Baltimore Committee, Dr. Aaron Frieden- wald; Chairman of the St. Louis Committee, Elias Michael; Chair- man of the Boston Committee, Jacob H. Hecht. Co-operates in other cities with existing societies when circumstances warrant. SYNOPSIS OF THE WORK The work of the Baron de Hirsch Fund of America may be treated of under the following headings: I. Eeception of immigrants. II. English education. III. Mechanical education. IV. Productive work of the Baron de Hirsch Fund in its agricultural and industrial department, with its leading educational feature, the Woodbine Agricultural and Industrial School. 1 In view of the recent organization of most Zionist Societies, it was next to impossible to reach, by means of directories and other similar agencies, such as have not affiliated with the general and local federations. 2 The account of the Baron de Hirsch Fund activities here given, though not official, is authentic. BARON DE HIESCH FUND 43 In the last two departments, the Jewish Colonization Associa- tion has latterly enabled the Baron de Hirsch Fund to carry out its programme effectively, as appears from the last report of the Colonization Association, presented by its President, M. Narcisse Leven, at the statutory meeting of shareholders in Paris, May 21, 1899, from which the account given below is quoted. I. RECEPTION OF IMMIGRANTS.—Upon the arrival of immigrants at United States ports an agent sees to it that they reach their destinations, provided they have determined to leave the city; if not, as many as possible are sent out of town to places where employment has previously been found for them. The policy is to scatter them throughout the country, so that they will not congest in large cities. Whenever necessary, their expenses to their new homes are paid, and they are supported en roirfe. Those who remain in New York, and need advice and assistance, are directed to the Labor Bureau of the United Hebrew Chari- ties, supported in part by the fund, and employment is found for them when possible. If absolutely necessary, support is given to immigrants for a short time, until they are able to earn a living. Occasionally they are established in trades, and in extreme cases temporary relief is afforded to families. Not more than five per cent, of the number thus assisted has made application for additional help. II. ENGLISH EDUCATION.—Immediately upon arrival the immigrant children are taught English in large, well-ventilated class- rooms, by college graduates, who prepare them to enter the public schools. As they are taught according to the method employed in the public schools, and are noted for their rapid advance and exact attainments, they are welcomed with eager- ness by the principals. There are now about 400 children in the day classes. There are also evening classes, composed of 400 workingmen and women, most of whom come to their classes direct from the workshop. In some cases of students of Russian or Roumanian birth who have entered colleges, and have made creditable progress, loans are advanced to enable them to complete their studies and be graduated. III. MECHANICAL EDUCATION.—In 1890 the Baron de Hirsch Trade School was established in a building rented for the purpose at 225-227 East Ninth Street, in New York, wherein two classes have been graduated each year since. On January 1, 1899, through the munificence of the late Bar- oness de Hirsch-Gereuth, a new building, constructed upon the most modern principles, was opened. A class of fifty-five young 44 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK men, whose work and demeanor indicate the best results, has been graduated. The trades are carpentry, plumbing, house, sign and fresco painting, and machine work; English is taught to those who are deficient; also drawing and the technical branch of each trade. There are two school terms a year, of five and a half months each. No pretence is made of turning out finished mechanics; sufficient is taught, however, to enable the graduates to become " helpers " in their respective vocations, and in most cases good positions are obtained immediately upon leaving the school. The graduates earn from $7 to $15 a week, and in proportion as their experience enables them to do better work, their com- pensation is increased, some of them receiving- 'now $22.50 a week. Each graduate is given the tools of his trade. Tuition is free. Though the school is open to any Jewish boy, preference is given to natives of Russia or Roumania. The point of view is, that essential though it be that a boy learn a trade, it is important that his earning powers be developed as quickly as possible. Anything that helps to train his mind and hand, and promotes rapid progress, is desirable. On these thoroughly practical lines the school is conducted. On the other hand, the idea is constantly kept before the pupils, that when they become skilled mechanics they are entitled to the wages of skilled mechanics. Thus the Trade School, by exciting the ambition to excel in the minds of the pupils, tends to reduce the danger of close competition in other directions. The aim of the school; then, is to reach the three following results: 1. To teach a boy as quickly as possible the fundamental principles of some trade, together with as much arithmetic and mechanical drawing as is indispensable in a given line of work. 2. To teach him to do well what is required of the class of help whose place he is fitted by age and attainments to fill. 3. To'teach him unquestioning obedience. To accomplish these results he is placed under the care of a skilled mechanic, who has no more pupils than he can faithfully teach, for five months and a half, eight hours a day, five days in the week, holidays excepted. A longer period would be more desirable, but it would entail a sacrifice of time, which would be difficult for pupils to bear, as no support whatever is allowed them by the fund. IV. PRODUCTIVE WORK OF THE BARON DE HIRSCH FUND.—The Agricultural and Industrial Department of the Baron de Hirsch Fund was organized as an agency to promote the economical interests of Russo-Jewish immigrants: 1. To advise them properly in the acquisition of homesteads in rural districts all over the country. BAEON DE HIKSCH FUND 45 2. To grant them loans, towards the purchase of farms, live- stock and implements, in proportion to their own funds and their ability as farmers. 3. To transfer industries and those employed in them from crowded cities to agricultural districts, with a view to benefiting the wage-earners in health and comfort and at the same time creating consumers of farm products at the place of their production. The success of the Baron de Hirsch Fund in this department has been marked. It enjoys the full confidence of immigrants intending to purchase farms as well as of owners of farm lands willing to sell. By both it is looked upon as a trustworthy bureau of agricultural and industrial information. In the purchase of farms for an immigrant, various points are taken into consideration: his means, his ability as a farmer, the location of the homestead, the facilities it offers for cattle-breeding-, its distance from a market or a creamery, etc. Each one of these is a factor determining the purchase price. At present many favorable opportunities present themselves. Established dairy farms are offered for sale in New England at a price less than the cost of the buildings upon them. Their abandonment is due to the death or old age of their owners, whose children, attracted to the cities and to professional occu- pations, are willing to sell their ancestral homesteads at a great sacrifice. Jewish immigrants coming from the villages of the Pale of Settlement in Russia are ready buyers of dairy farms, because they were accustomed to dairy pursuits in their old home. Many of them kept a smaller or larger number of dairy cattle, and raised feed for them, on leased land. On the other hand, few are skilled gardeners, and therefore they are not successful at other kinds of farming in this country. The activity of the Baron de Hirsch Fund in its capacity as an agricultural agent, offering liberal loans, furnishing accurate information, and advising with a view to conditions and circumstances, has had the following result: The settlement of 600 Jewish farmers on as many homesteads in New England. The settlement of 400 families in New Jersey. In New England the farming interests of Jewish immigrants are indicated by the following figures: 1. Investment of the immigrants, $1,100,000. 2. Loans upon mortgages other than those held by the Baron de Hirsch Fund, $1,250,000. The loans and advances made by the Baron de Hirsch Fund have substantially helped to make these investments safe and productive. 46 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAB BOOK

The Jewish capital invested in farming enterprises in New Jersey and other parts of the country is represented by even larger figures. Moreover, it is constantly increasing, in proportion to the spread of industrial activity in agricultural districts. As the limited means of the immigrants forbid the purchase of homesteads near large towns, which offer ready markets for farm products, the Baron de Hirsch Fund aims to remove to the more distant places in which they must settle, the industries, such as the tailoring trades, in which many of the immigrants are employed. This policy at the same time relieves the so- called Ghettos from the congestion at present endangering the social and sanitary condition of our large cities. New York alone contains 65,000 operatives who are engaged in tailoring, in the " sweat-shops," to support their families, that is, 200,000 persons, constituting a majority of the Jewish population. In other words, the tailoring trade keeps the East Side solidly Jewish, and attracts constantly new-comers from abroad and from the interior. The Baron de Hirsch Fund holds out every encouragement to these wage-earners to remove to country districts: factories with modern improvements; comfortable homes, rented and sold on liberal terms; educational facilities, especially in the direction of trades and agriculture; and the opportunity to live in a Jewish community. The Woodbine Agricultural and Industrial School, the leading educational feature of this department of the Baron de Hirsch Fund work, was opened in October, 1894, with 15 pupils. Its aim is to train up practical, intelligent farmers, able to act as assistants to other farmers or prepared to work farms of their own. Applicants for admission must be at least 14 years of age, and be prepared to pass an examination equivalent to that of the third grade in the public schools of Cape May County. Tuition is free to all regular students, and board and lodging may be had at the dormitory at actual cost, but students whose parents are unable to support them while at school are boarded and lodged free of charge. These students are, however, expected to offset such expenses by labor on the School Farm. There are now 69 pupils at the school, taught by 7 instructors, one of them a graduate of the school. The course extends over three years, and the studies are divided into theoretical and practical. The studies pursued by the boys are as follows: (1) English, (2) arithmetic, (3) drawing, (4) history, (5) geography, (6) chemistry, (7) physics, (8) bookkeeping and correspondence, (9) botany, (10) experimental chemistry, (11) mathematics, (12) geometrical drawing, (13) soils and crops, (14) manures and fertilizers, (15) land measuring, (16) zoology, (17) entomology, (18) collecting of plants, (19) feeds, (20) comparative anatomy and physiology, (21) domestiG animals (selection, care, etc.), (22) horticulture, BAEON DE HIKSCH FUND 47

(23) floriculture, (24) landscape gardening1, (25) market gardening, (26) meteorology, (27) relation of forestry to agriculture, (28) dairying, (29) farm implements and machinery. The studies for girls substitute chemistry of foods, hygiene and nursing, household economics, household sanitation, foods and preserves, foods in detail, for Nos. 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 19, 25 and 29. The practical work of the boys consists of care of stables, poultry yards, domestic animals, milking, and shop and field •work; planting, care of crops, harvesting, work in greenhouses, cold frames, hot beds, in orchards and the blacksmith shop; care of small fruit, floriculture, and work on the nursery grounds and in the wheelwright shop. The girls throughout the course have practical work in sewing, cooking, care of the poultry, dairy, etc., and are employed in doing the household work of the dormitory and in practical housekeeping. The School Farms contain 240 acres, of which 30 acres are in orchards, 20 acres in berries, 6 acres in grapes, and the remainder is suitable for corn, truck and field crops in general; besides some land is in bushes and some in woods. The buildings are: one school-house, 4 poultry houses, a barn, sheds, corn cribs, 2 greenhouses, cold frames, a boiler house, a windmill, and a storage room. The school is provided with a small chemical laboratory, physical apparatus, Babcock's test and a library of reference books. The school owns 5 horses, some cows, and 200 fowls. The dormitory can accommodate 100 pupils. Religious services are held daily; the Sabbath is devoted to divine •worship, religious instruction, and rest. Woodbine, founded in 1891, now contains 1000 inhabitants, employed in 4 factories or on their farms. There are two public schools, a kindergarten, five stores, a bakery, two educational clubs, three fraternal societies, a public bath-house, an evening school, a religious school, a synagogue, and a hall.

THE JEWISH COLONIZATION ASSOCIATION Since 1896 the Baron de Hirsch Fund has had the support of the Jewish Colonization Association, and has co-operated with it in the United States. As a result, the capacity of the Trade School has been doubled; the agricultural work, especially at the Woodbine School, has been broadened in scope and effective- ness; the American Committee has been furnished with additional means to transplant the industrial population from the great centers to the rural districts; isolated farmers in 48 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

England have been helped with loans to free their land from mortgages, so that at present more than " 600 Jewish farmers are living in New England on their own land, which they themselves cultivate with the help' of their families. . . . The farms are fully developed, and the farmers have commenced conscientiously to pay their debts." The Jewish Colonization Association has also given effective support to the older colonies in South Jersey, Alliance, Carmel and Rosenhayn. The following is the report of the Association on this phase of its work: These colonies, founded in 1882, at the time of the great exodus of Jews from Russia, have always led a precarious existence; they had not the means to support themselves, and lacked an outlet for their produce. Benevolent societies from time to time gave them assistance which enabled them to live from day to day, but without ever affording them the means to strengthen their position and assure their future. Thus, of the 300 families which these colonies comprised at their foundation there only remained 200 in 1893, and 76 at the end of 1896; all the others had returned to their miserable life in the towns. Those families who did not abandon the colonies were in a very difficult position; having contracted onerous debts, and being unable to pay the interest, they were every day threatened with being evicted and sold up. This critical situation compelled the colonists to apply to our Association in 1897. Inquiries made on the spot soon proved that neither lack of will nor the incapacity of the colonists was the cause of this state of things, but the absence of a market where they could sell their produce, which consisted especially of potatoes and other vegetables, fruit and poultry. The nearest town, Vineland, which contains 3500 inhabitants, is in fact peopled by old farmers, who themselves produce the necessary fruit and vegetables for their own consumption. It was thus not enough to free the colonists from their debts; it was also necessary to create a market for the sale of their produce. This double object has been achieved; our Association has granted loans to the most deserving colonists, which have enabled them to pay off their creditors. It has, besides, made loans to artisans for the establishment of factories in the center or in the neighborhood of these colonies on condition that they should employ the families of workmen on the spot, or those who were removed from New York or Philadelphia. A new existence has thus been assured to these colonies; eight artisans have settled there; they pay weekly wages of 7500 francs to more than 250 families who have come from the centers of which we have spoken. These families occupy the houses CENTRAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN RABBIS 49 previously abandoned by the colonists and constitute the market which was •wanting. A new factory is on the eve of being established in Alliance Colony; it will permit of 40 additional families, comprising 200 persons, leaving the large cities; a hundred of them will find employment in the factory, which will likewise give work to a hundred other artisans selected from the families who are already located in the colony, and who will receive a minimum weekly wage of 2500 francs. It is estimated that the workmen in the three colonies will annually receive more than half a million, a third of which will certainly revert to the colonists. In South Jersey our Association has also come to the assistance of twenty-five Jewish farmers established in the neighborhood of these three colonies on isolated farms. Their position very much resembled that of the colonists of whom we have just spoken. Nineteen of them, the most deserving, have received advances, and all are profiting by the markets established in the colonies. The three colonies, Alliance, Carmel and Kosenhayn, and the twenty-five Jewish farmers in South Jersey have been placed in a position to keep themselves; they have already paid the first instalment of the debt which they contracted towards our Association. The number of Jewish families in this region, to whose assistance we have come, directly or otherwise, is about 600, viz.: 76 families of colonists, 25 farmers, 250 workmen from New York and the artisan population already settled in the colonies, which may be estimated at 250 families.

CENTRAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN EABBIS Founded, Detroit, Mich, July, 1889. Officers: President, Isaac M. Wise, Cincinnati, O.; First Vice- President, Joseph Silverman, New York City; Second Vice-Presi- dent, A. Moses, Louisville, Ky.; Treasurer, S. Hecht, Milwaukee, Wis.; Recording Secretary, L. Grossmann, Cincinnati, O.; Cor- responding Secretary, G. Deutsch, Cincinnati, O. Executive Committee: In addition to the above officers, M. Mielziner, Cincinnati, O.; David Philipson, Cincinnati, O.; T. Schanfarber, Mobile, Ala.; Joseph Stolz, Chicago, 111.; H. Veld, Newburgh, N. Y. Trustees of Superannuated Minister's Fund: Isaac M. Wise, M. Mielziner, L. Grossmann. Members, 3 honorary, 133 regular. Annual income, $665. Board meeting first Monday of the month. 50 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

Organization meets annually, second week in July, at the place selected by the previous conference. Objects: To establish and maintain good fellowship among the Rabbis; to teach one another and to learn of each other; to encourage research and literary work, especially in history and literature of Judaism; to discuss the religious and eccles- iastical problems of the day, and furnish a formulated opinion on problems under consideration. Publications of the Conference: 1. Nine volumes of the Year Book of the Conference, containing all proceedings of the body, with all the papers read, addresses, lectures and sermons delivered in the Conference. 2. Judaism at the World's Parliament of Religions (in Chicago, 1893). 3. The Union Prayer Book, two volumes; and Union Hymnal, one volume. 4. One volume of Sermons. 5. Various pamphlets. The Conference held its annual meeting for the year at Cin- cinnati, beginning March 13, 1899, to celebrate the 80th birthday of its founder and president, Rev. Dr. Isaac M. Wise, which took place Nisan 3, March 14. 58 members were in attendance. Dr. David Philipson delivered the address of welcome, and Dr. Joseph Silverman responded. The President gave his annual address. About 100 congrattilatory messages were received. The ceremonies in honor of Dr. Wise included addresses of members of the Conference, an address on behalf of the Metho- dist ministers of Cincinnati, a luncheon, and numerous presentations. The Conference has assets amounting to $5595.74, of which $3100.46 is a fund for superannuated ministers. The report of the Committee on Publication showed that 1000 copies of the evening service of the Union Prayer Book had been distributed among soldiers in Cuba and in the various camps during the Spanish-American War. 12 copies of the week-day service were sent to Camp Sheridan and 75 volumes to Jewish soldiers at Camp Lexington. 133 Congregations now use the prayer-book, and 37,692 copies have been sold. It was decided to hold the next meeting in July, 1900. A commission was appointed to report (a) upon the ethical principles which should govern both the congregation and the minister in their relations to one another; (b) upon the ethics of a contract between a congregation and its Rabbi; (c) upon the ethics of applying and competing for positions. The Conference continued its Committee on Cyclopedia with authority to enter into correspondence with Funk & Wagnalls with reference to their proposed cyclopedia. Resolutions of re- spect to the memory of Professor H. Steinthal were adopted. COUNCIL OF JEWISH WOMEN 51 A full report of the proceedings is contained in the Year Book of the Conference for 1899. In addition to congratulatory addresses, the following papers read are printed in the Appendix: The Eabbi and the Charities, by Eabbi Edward N. Calisch, Rich- mond, Va.; How can we enlist our Young Men in the Service of the Congregation, by Rabbi Joseph Krauskopf, D. D., Phila- delphia; Why I am not a Zionist, by Eev. Henry Berkowitz, D. D., Philadelphia; Address on Zionism, by Eev. Dr. S. Sale, St. Louis; The Justification of Zionism, by Professor C. Levias, Hebrew Union College; Modern Thought Tendencies in Judaism, by Eabbi Adolph Guttmacher, Baltimore; The Holiness of a Peculiar People, by Eabbi Israel Aaron, D. D., Buffalo.

COUNCIL OF JEWISH WOMEN Founded September, 1893. Officers: President, Hannah G. Solomon (Mrs. Henry), Chicago, 111.; 1st Vice-President, Sophie Beer (Mrs. Julius), New York; 2d Vice-President, Babbette Mandel (Mrs. Emanuel), Chicago, 111.; Treasurer, Carrie M. Wolf (Mrs. L. J.), Chicago, 111.; Eecord- ing Secretary, Gertrude Berg, Philadelphia, Pa.; Corresponding Secretary, Sadie American, 3130 Vernon Street, Chicago, 111. Executive Board: Mrs. Philip Hamburger, Allegheny, Pa.; Mrs. Conrad Witkowsky, Chicago, 111.; Mrs. Max Leopold, Chi- cago, 111.; Mrs. Chas. Stettauer, Chicago, 111.; Mrs. Leopold Simon, Eock Island, 111.; Mrs. Henry Sporborg, Albany, N. Y.; Miss Eose Sommerfeld, Baltimore, Md.; Mrs. I. M. Appel, Denver, Col.; Mrs. Chas. Goldsmith, Louisville, Kv.; Mrs. E. Lowentritt, Oil City, Pa. Members: About 5000, distributed among 59 sections: Alabama, 3: California, 1; Colorado, 1; Connecticut, 1; District of Columbia, 1; Georgia, 2; Illinois, 5; Indiana, 4; Iowa, 1; Kentucky, 1; Louis- iana, 3; Maryland, 1; Massachusetts, 1; Michigan, 1; Minnesota, 2; Mississippi, 2; Missouri, 3; Nebraska, 2; New Jersey, 1; New York, 7; Ohio, 4: Oregon, 1; Pennsylvania, 4; Ehode Island, 1; South Carolina, 1; Tennessee, 1; Texas, 1; Utah, 1; Canada, 2. Albany, N. Y. President, Mrs. J. H. Blatner, 132 Hudson Ave- nue; Secretary, Mrs. Alfred Wallerstein, 116 Lake Avenue. Alexandria, La. President, Mrs. D. Lehman; Secretary, Mrs. Gus. Gehr. Atlanta, Ga. President, Mrs. Julius M. Alexander, 49 Forest Arenue; Secretary, Mrs. Jul. E. Sommerneld, 270 Whitehall Street. Baltimore, Md. President, Mrs. M. Goldenberg, 1628 Bolton Street; Secretary, Miss Eose Sommerf eld, 2027 Druid Hill Avenue. Birmingham, Ala. President, Mrs. I. M. Eubel; Secretary, Miss Leah Ullman. 52 AMEKICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

Bradford, Pa. President, Miss E. Delia Mayer; Secretary, Miss Miriam Silberberg, 35 Congress Street. Brooklyn, N. Y. President, Mrs. Carrie Taubenhaus, 403 Sec- ond Street; Secretary, Miss Mollie Marcus, 84 Grove Street. Boston, Mass. President, Mrs. E. Van Noorden, 32 Howland Street; Secretary, Mrs. Julius Andrews, 406 Massachusetts Ave- nue. Buffalo, N. Y. President, Mrs. Julius Altman, 581 Delaware Avenue; Secretary, Mrs. Daniel Desbecker, 96 Fargo Avenue. Charleston, S. C. President, Mrs. J. M. Visanska, 2 Bull Street; Secretary, Mrs. B. A. Elzas, 30 New Street. Chicago, 111. President, Mrs. Henry L. Frank, 1608 Prairie Avenue; Secretary, Mrs. I. J. Beis, 4735 Evans Avenue. Cincinnati, O. President, Miss Hannah J. Marks, 541 W. Ninth Street; Secretary, Mrs. Louis S. Levi. Cleveland, O. President, Mrs. M. B. Schwab, 1076 Case Avenue; Secretary, Mrs. D. H. Kornhauser, 1428 Wilson Avenue. Columbian. President, Mrs. S. G. Eosenstock, Forbes and Has- ket Streets, Pittsburg; Secretary, Miss Minnie Affelder, 124 Sheffield Street, Allegheny, Pa. Denver, Col. President, Mrs. Alfred Muller, 1560 Pearl Street; Secretary, Mrs. B. N. Wolfe, 8 La Veta Place. Des Moines, Iowa. President, Mrs. Henry Hirsh, 717 High Street; Secretary, Miss Sadie H. Goldman, 521 4th Street. Elmira, N. Y. President, Mrs. M. H. Friendly, 510 W. Church Street; Secretary, Miss Harriet Levy, 759 E. Second Street. Evansville, Ind. President, Mrs. I. L. Eypins; Secretary, Mrs. J. J. Sholem, 1204 W. Second Street. Fort Wayne, Ind. President, Mrs. A. S. Lauferty, 108 E. Berry Street; Secretary, Miss Hannah May Chaska, 164 W. Berry Street. Kansas City, Mo. President, Mrs. L. S. Lieberman, 1419 Troost Avenue; Secretary, Miss Cornelia A. Ney, 1227 Washington Street. Lafayette, Ind. President pro tem., Mrs. Henrietta Born; Secretary, Miss Selma Mayerstein, 92 Cincinnati Street. Lincoln, Neb. President, Mrs. M. Friend, 1735 N Street; Sec- retary, Mrs.-Sam. Wessel, 1702 K Street. Louisiana, Mo. President, Mrs. Sadie T. Wald; Secretary, Miss Julia M. Genzberger. Louisville, Ky. President, Mrs. J. B. Judah, 118 E. Jacob; Secretary, Miss Bella Lieber, 1218 Second Street. Marion, O. President, Mrs. S. G. Kleinmaier, Mt. Vernon Ave- nue; Secretary, Mrs. M. Strelitz, S. Prospect Street. Memphis, Tenn. President, Mrs. Eugene Lehman, 217 Carrol Avenue; Secretary, Mrs. M. J. Andrews, 264 Union Street. Minneapolis, Minn. President, Mrs. E. Cohen, 2021 Third Ave- nue; Secretary, Mrs. M. Wolff, 1706 Portland Avenue. COUNCIL OP JEWISH WOMEN 53

Mobile, Ala. President, Mrs. Lee Marx; Secretary, Mrs. B. J. Richards, 277 St. Louis Street. Montgomery, Ala. President, Mrs. Selena Loeb, Wilkinson Street; Secretary, Mrs. Selma M. Nachman, 322 Church Street. Montreal, Canada. President, Mrs. Meldola de Sola, 65 Vic- toria Street; Secretary, Mrs. Sandeman. Natchez, Miss. President, Mrs. Henry Frank, 310 N. Pearl Street; Secretary, Mrs. A. Moses, Clifton Heights. Newark, N. J. President, Mrs. H. S. Weinberg, 13 Tichenor Street; Secretary, Mrs. I. L. Hauser, Smith Street, S. Orange. New Haven, Conn. President, Mrs. Jennie K. Herz, 72 Edwards Street; Secretary, Mrs. Flora Bothchild, 84 Lyon Street. New Orleans, La. President, Mrs. Solomon Wolff, 1131 Philip Street; Secretary, Miss Irma Leucht, 844 Carondelet Street. New York City, N. Y. President, Mrs. Cyrus L. Sulzberger, 22 W. 120th Street; Secretary, Mrs. S. Jacobson, 115 E. 60th Street. Oil City, Pa. President, Mrs. M. Lowentritt, W. First Street; Secretary, Miss Delia E. Wolff, 25 Pearl Avenue. Omaha, Neb. President, Mrs. A. Polack, 2224 Farnam Street; Secretary, Miss Dollie Polack, 2224 Farnam Street. Peoria, 111. President, Mrs. Ida Z. H. Frazer, 704 Madison Ave- nue; Secretary, Mrs. Lottie G. Kawin, 300 Sixth Avenue. Petoskey, Mich. President, Mrs. Sophie S. Rosenthal; Secre- tary, Miss Ethel Blumrosen. Philadelphia, Pa. President, Miss Laura Mordecai, 1816 De Lancey Place; Secretary, Miss Gertrude Berg, 1533 Diamond Street, Portland, Ore. President, Mrs. Louis Altman, 405 Stark Street; Secretary, Miss Ida Loewenberg, Cedar Hill. Providence, E. I. President, Mrs. Belle B. Fink, 122 Toby Street; Secretary, Mrs. Pauline Falkenberg, 69 Grove Street. Quincy, 111. President, Mrs. Dave Stern, 813 N. Fifth Street; Secretary, Miss Irene C. Meyer, 926 6th Avenue North. Eochester, N. Y. President, Mrs. Lewis Bigelow, 52 S. Union Street; Secretary, Miss Carrie Stern, 291 Central Avenue. Sacramento, Cal. President, Mrs. A. Simon, 818 17th Street; Secretary, Miss Sophie Litzberg, 314 J Street. St. Louis, Mo. President, Miss Bert Sale, 4345 W. Belle Place; Secretary, Miss Iva Kohns, 3124 Eads Avenue. St. Paul, Minn. President, Mrs. H. Haas, 340 Grove Street; Secretary, Mrs. M. J. Flarsheim, 629 Ashland Avenue. Salt Lake City, Utah. President, Mrs. S. Bamberger; Secre- tary, Miss Eose J. Goldberg, The Knutsford. Savannah, Ga. President, Mrs. I. P. Mendes, 89 Jones Street; Secretary, Mrs. Max Wolff, 210 W. Taylor Street. Shreveport, La. President, Mrs. Louis Liebman; Secretary, Mrs. N. A. Winter, 825 Spring Street. 54 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

Springfield, 111. President, Miss Rachel Hiller, The High School; Secretary, Mrs. David Seligman. Syracuse, N. Y. President, Mrs. Adolph Guttman, 726 E. Jefferson Street; Secretary, Miss Etta Solomon, 409 Harrison Street. Toronto, Canada. President, Miss Streamer, 106 Gerard Ave- nue E.; Secretary, Mrs. G. Streamer, 106 Gerard Avenue E. Tri-City Section. President, Mrs. L. Simon, 842 19th Street, Rock Island, 111.; Secretary, Miss Julia Levy, 1110 2d Avenue, Rock Island, 111. "Vicksburg, Miss. President, Mrs. Ophelia Rose; Secretary, Mrs. M. Wachenheim, 412 Grove Street. Wabash, Ind. President, Mrs. Aaron Simon, 60 W. Hill Street; Secretary, Miss Frances Rindsberg, Huntington and Maple Streets. Washington, D. C. President, Mrs. Simon Oppenheimer, 1232 Ninth Street N. W.; Secretary, Miss Hetty Abraham, 1323 Ver- mont Avenue. Youngstown, O. President, Mrs. Samuel Weil, 225 N. Champion Street; Secretary, Mrs. Max Myers, 244 Rayon Avenue. Tyler, Texas. President, Mrs. J. Lipstate, 410 Broadway; Sec- retary, Miss G oldie Pithik. Organization meets triennially; last meeting, November, 1896, in New York. Objects: The study of Jewish history and literature; the study and practice of the newest and best methods of philanthropy, and work in the Religious schools. This work is done under the direction of four national committees: on Religion, on Philanthropy, on Religious School Work, the Reciprocity Committee. Programmes are published triennially containing the reports of these committees, outlining work for the Sections, giving topics for papers and study and bibliographical lists. ' During 1898-99, 75 study circles met, varying in attendance from 5 to 200. 40 women were placed on Religious School boards. 79 lecturers appeared before the Sections of the Coun- cil. 9 Mission Schools were established. 19 Sections raised $5773 for 3 kindergartens; 9 mission schools; 15 industrial sewing schools; 1 day nursery; 1 night school; 2 working girls' clubs; 1 milk and ice depot; classes in domestic economy; work among prisoners; vacation schools; boys' and girls' clubs. $12,000 in cash and supplies was raised by 37 Sections for the relief and comfort of soldiers and sailors during the Spanish- American War. THE JEWISH CHAUTAUQUA SOCIETY 55

HEBEEW SABBATH SCHOOL UNION OF AMERICA Seat of Executive Committee in Cincinnati. Founded July 29, 1886. Officers: President, Rev. Dr. David Philipson, 852 Lincoln Ave- nue, Cincinnati, O.; Vice-President, Prof. M. Mielziner, Cincin- nati, O.; Treasurer, Mr. William Goodheart, Cincinnati, 0.; Sec- retary, Rabbi Charles S. Levi, Peoria, 111. Board of Directors: Dr. Henry Berkowitz, Philadelphia, Pa.; Dr. K. Kohler, New York, N. Y.; Dr. Joseph Silverman, New York, N. Y.; Dr. L. Grossman, Cincinnati, 0.; Dr. S. Hecht, Mil- waukee, Wis.; Rabbi I. S. Moses, Chicago, 111.; Rabbi Max Heller, New Orleans, La.; Dr. Jgseph Stolz, Chicago, 111.; Rabbi Wm. Rosenau, Baltimore, Md.; Dr. M. Landsberg, Rochester, N. Y.; Dr. L. Mayer, Pittsburg, Pa.; Mr. Isaac Strouse, Baltimore, Md.; Mr. Emil Pollak, Cincinnati, 0.; Mr. S. Greenebaum, Cincinnati, 0.; Dr. J. Voorsanger, San Francisco, Cal.; Rabbi E. N. Calisch, Richmond, Va. Members, about 75 schools. Organization meets biennially, third week in January. The object of this Union is to provide a uniform system for all Jewish Sabbath Schools in the United States by promulgating a uniform course of instruction and by training competent teachers. The Union has introduced the leaflet system with great success, the leaflets being used in about 100 schools, and has gathered statistics of the Sabbath Schools. The publications of the Union are: The Ethics of the Hebrew Scriptures, by Adolph and I. S. Moses. The Proverbs, by Adolph and I. S. Moses. Selections from the Book of Psalms, by Dr. M. Mielziner. Guide for Jewish Sabbath School Teachers. Two Series of Leaflets on Biblical History. Leaflets on Religion.

THE JEWISH CHAUTAUQUA SOCIETY P. O. Box 825, Philadelphia, Pa. Founded 1893; incorporated April 28, 1899. Officers: Chancellor, Dr. Henry Berkowitz, Philadelphia; Presi- dent, Hon. Simon Wolf, Washington, D. C.; Secretary and Direc- tor, Isaac Hassler, Esq., 522 Walnut Street, Philadelphia; Treas- urer, Max Herzberg, Esq., Philadelphia. Board of Trustees: David Werner Amram, Esq., Philadelphia; Dr. Charles S. Bernheimer, Philadelphia; Mrs. Samuel L. Frank, Baltimore, Md.; Penrose Fleisher, Esq., Philadelphia; William B. Hackenburg, Esq., Philadelphia; Rev. Dr. Max Heller, New Or- 56 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK leans, La.; Mrs. Charles Heidelberger, Philadelphia; Rev. Dr. K. Kohler, New York; Leo N. Levi, Esq., Galveston, Tex.; Mrs. Fannie Muhr, Philadelphia; Miss Julia Richman, New York; Rev. Dr. Joseph Stolz, Chicago, 111.; Dr. Lewis Steinbach, Phila- delphia; Benjamin F. Teller, Esq., Philadelphia; Rev. Dr. Jacob Voorsanger, San Francisco, Cal.; Rev. Dr. Isaac M. Wise, Cincin- nati, O.; Edwin Wolf, Esq., Philadelphia; Abraham Langfeld, Philadelphia. Members, 2000; Congregations, 27. Annual income, about $2200. Organization meets annually on the closing day of the Summer Assembly. Object: The dissemination of knowledge of the Jewish religion by fostering the study of its history and literature, giving popular courses of instruction, issuing publications, establishing reading circles, holding general assemblies, and by such other means as may from time to time be found necessary and proper. The following courses have been announced, at the completion of •which a certificate is awarded: I. Preparatory Course, two years. Reading: Outlines of Jew- ish History, by Lady Magnus; Milman's History of the Jews; Jewish Literature, by Israel Abrahams. II. Bible Course, four years. Reading: The Open Bible, by Henry Berkowitz; Syllabus of the Minor Prophets, edited by David W. Amram. III. Special Courses on Post-Biblical History and Literature, Syllabus I and II prepared by Professor Richard Gottheil. At the Second Summer Assembly 12 certificates were awarded. The Third Summer Assembly took place at Atlantic City, N. J., July 14-30, 1899. The work was done in the following departments: I. Popular Lectures and Entertainments. II. Chautauqua Circles for Bible Studies. III. Chautauqua Circles for Post-Biblical Studies. IV. Teachers' Institute. V. General Conferences. VI. Divine Services. VII. Social Entertainments. VIII. Preparatory Course. IX. Reunion of Chautauquans.

THE JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY OF AMERICA Office, 1015 Arch Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Organized June 3, 1888, in Philadelphia, and incorporated Feb- ruary 1, 1896. The object of the Society is stated in the charter as follows: THE JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY 57

" The said corporation is formed for the support of a benevolent educational undertaking, namely, for the publication and dissemination of literary, scientific and religious •works, giving instruction in the principles of the Jewish religion, which are to be distributed among the members of the corporation, and to such other persons and institutions as may use the same in the promotion of benevolent educational work." The following publications have been issued: Outlines of Jewish History, by Lady Magnus. Think and Thank, by S. W. Cooper. History of the Jews, by Prof. H. Graetz; 5 volumes and an Index volume. Eabbi and Priest, by Milton Goldsmith. The Persecution of the Jews in Russia (Special Series No. 1). Voegele's Marriage and Other Tales, by Louis Schnabel (Spe- cial Series No. 2), Children of the Ghetto, by I. Zangwill. Some Jewish Women, by Henry Zirndorf. Sabbath Hours, by Liebman Adler. Papers of the Jewish Women's Congress, Chicago, 1893. Old European Jewries, by David Philipson. Jewish Literature and Other Essays, by Gustav Karpeles. The Talmud, by Emanuel Deutsch (Special Series No. 3). Headings and Recitations, compiled by Isabel Cohen. Studies in Judaism, by S. Schechter. Jewish Life in the Middle Ages, by Israel Abrahams. In the Pale, by Henry Iliowizi. Proceedings of the First Convention of the National Council of Jewish Women, New York, 1896. The Talmud, by Arsene Darmesteter, translated by Henrietta Szold (Special Series No. 4). A Sketch of Jewish History, by Gustav Karpeles (Special Series No. 5). Dreamers of the Ghetto, by I. Zangwill. Jewish Services in Synagogue and Home, by Lewis N. Dembitz. Lost Prince Almon, by Louis Pendleton. Chapters on Jewish Literature, by Israel Abrahams. The average annual income of the Society is $17,000. The officers are as follows: President, Morris Newburger, Philadelphia; Vice-President, Dr. Henry M. Leipziger, New York; Second Vice-President, Herman S. Friedman, Philadelphia; Treasurer, Morris Dannenbaum, Philadelphia; Secretary, Dr. Lewis W. Steinbach, Philadelphia; Assistant Secretary, Dr. Charles S. Bernheimer, Philadelphia. Trustees: Dr. Cyrus Adler, Washington, D. C; Solomon Blu- menthal, Philadelphia; Benjamin W. Fleisher, Jr., Philadelphia; 58 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

Herman S. Friedman, Philadelphia; Daniel Guggenheim, New York; Daniel P. Hays, New York; Ephraim Lederer, Philadel- phia; Dr. Henry M. Leipziger, New York; Daniel Merz, Phila- delphia; Simon Miller, Philadelphia; Morris Newburger, Phila- delphia; Mrs. Henry Solomon, Chicago; Seligman J. Strauss, Wilkes-Barre, Pa.; Hon. Mayer Sulzberger, Philadelphia; Harris Weinstock, Sacramento. Honorary Vice-Presidents: Marcus Bernheimer, St. Louis; Rev. Henry Cohen, Galveston, Tex.; Dr. Aaron Friedenwald, Balti- more; J. L. Gatzert, Chicago; Jacob Haas, Atlanta; Mrs. Jacob H. Hecht, Boston; Rev. Dr. Max Heller, New Orleans; Hon. Joseph Hirsh, Vicksburg, Miss.; Miss Ella Jacobs, Philadelphia; Nathan Morris, Indianapolis; Hon. Simon W. Rosendale, Albany, N. Y.; Alfred Seasongood, Cincinnati; Rev. Dr. Joseph Stolz, Chicago; Rev. Dr. Jacob Voorsanger, San Francisco; Hon. Simon Wolf, Washington, D. C. Publication Committee: Chairman, Hon. Mayer Sulzberger, Philadelphia; Dr. Cyrus Adler, Washington, D. C; David W. Amram, Philadelphia; Rev. Dr. Henry Berkowitz, Philadelphia; Dr. S. Solis Cohen, Philadelphia; Rev. Dr. B. Felsenthal, Chicago; Dr. Charles Gross, Cambridge, Mass.; Rev. Dr. M. Jastrow, Phila- delphia; Rev. Dr. Max Landsberg, Rochester, N. Y.; Dr. Henry M. Leipziger, New York; Rev. Dr. David Philipson, Cincinnati; Rev. Dr. Samuel Sale, St. Louis; Simon A. Stern, Philadelphia; Hon. Oscar S. Straus, New York. Secretary to the Publication Committee, Miss Henrietta Szold, 2120 Callow Avenue, Baltimore, Md. The Board of Trustees meets on the third Wednesday evening of January, March, June and October. The Publication Committee meets on the first Sunday evening of January, February, March, October, November and December.

JEWISH THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA 736 Lexington Avenue, New York City. Founded May 9, 1886. The purpose of this Association being the preservation in America of the knowledge and practice of historical Judaism, as ordained in the Law of Moses (n^Dmin), and expounded by the prophets (DW33) and sages (Dn33!"l) of Israel in Biblical and Talmudical writings, it proposes in furtherance of its general aims, the following specific objects: 1. The establishment and maintenance of a Jewish Theological Seminary for the training of rabbis and teachers. JEWISH THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY ASSOCIATION 59

2. The attainment of such cognate purposes as may upon occasion be deemed appropriate. Officers: President, Joseph Blumenthal, New York City; Vice- President, Dr. A. Friedenwald, Baltimore; Treasurer, A. E. Altmayer, New York; Secretary, P. S. Menken, New York. Board of Trustees: Louis Ash, New York; Max Cohen, New York; Dr. S. Solis Cohen, Philadelphia; Newman Cowen, New York; Wm. Gerstley, Philadelphia; Daniel P. Hays, New York; Nathan Hirsch, New York; S. M. Hyneman, Philadelphia; Samuel Josephs, New York; S. W. Korn, New York; L. Napoleon Levy, New York; Moses Ottinger, New York; S. M. Roeder, New York; Edward L. Rothschild, Philadelphia; Jacob Singer, Philadelphia; Hon. A. S. Solomons, New York; Jonas Weil, New York. Board meeting monthly. Organization meets biennially, in March. Annual income, about $8000. Members, 420, and 22 congregations paying annual contributions. Branch Organizations: Philadelphia Branch, President, Edward L. Rothschild; Secretary, Ephraim Lederer. Baltimore Branch, President, Dr. Aaron Friedenwald. Syracuse Branch, President, I. Schriber; Secretary, Dr. I. H. Levy. Montreal Branch, Presi- dent, Moses Vineberg; Secretary, Rev. Bernard M. Kaplan. Faculty: Rabbinica, Rev. Dr. D. Davidson; Shulchan Aruch, Rev. Dr. M. Maisner; Jewish History, Rev. Dr. H. Pereira Mendes; Biblical Archaeology, Cyrus Adler, Ph. D. Preceptors: Bible and Hebrew Grammar, Rev. Dr. B. Drach- man; Mishna and Gemara, Professor A. J. Joffe; Hebrew Com- position, Moses Khazon. Graduates, 9, three (3) of whom were graduated at the last commencement, held on June 27, 1899. Publications (attached to the Biennial Reports): The Jew in Italy, by Sabato Morais (1890). Studies in Yemen-Hebrew Literature, Part I: " Manziir Al- Dhmari's Hebrew-Arabic Philosophical Commentary on the Pen- tateuch," by Alexander Kohut, D. D., Ph. D. (1892). Studies in Yemen-Hebrew Literature, Part II: Nathanel ben Yeshaya's " Light of Shade and Lamps of Wisdom " (Hebrew- Arabic Homilies), described, annotated and abstracted by Alex- ander Kohut, D. D., Ph. D. (1894). Samuel David Luzzatto's Prolegomena to a Grammar of the Hebrew Language, translated and annotated by Sabato Morais, LL. D. (1896). Sabato Morais: a Memoir, by Henry S. Morais (1898). 60 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

Bachya, the Jewish Thomas a Kempis, by Joseph Herman Hertz, Ph. D. (1898).

NATIONAL CONFERENCE OP JEWISH CHARITIES Representatives of various Jewish Relief Associations in the United States met in Cincinnati on May 19, 1899, in pursuance of a call issued by the United Jewish Charities of Cincinnati. Mr. B. Bettman, president of that organization, called the meeting to order. Mr. I. S. Isaacs, of New York, was elected Presi- dent of the Conference; Mr. Martin Butzel, of Detroit, Vice- President, and Miss Hannah Marks, Secretary. Mr. I. S. Isaacs presented a paper on " Transients Relief," after which a committee was appointed to formulate regulations for the transportation of transients. It was decided to organize a permanent national conference. Mrs. E. Pisko presented a paper on the " Denver Hospital for Jewish Consumptives"; Rev. M. Goldstein spoke on " Family Desertions." The Committee on Organization then presented the following report: " The delegates to the Conference of the Societies of Jewish Charities do hereby form an organization to be known as the National Conference of Jewish Charities; the object of this organization is to more closely cement the various Jewish relief organizations of the United States, to provide, as far as possible, uniformity of action and co-operation between them and to unite in improving the methods of dispensing charity; without interfering, in any manner, with the autonomy of the various organizations. " The following shall constitute the provisional officers: " President, Max Senior, of Cincinnati; First Vice-President, Isaac E. Isaacs, of New York; Second Vice-President, Mrs. E. Pisko, of Denver; Secretary and Treasurer, Miss Hannah Marks, of Cincinnati; Executive Committee of five, Max Herzberg, of Philadelphia; I. L. Leucht, of New Orleans; M. Pels, of Balti- more; Julian W. Mack, of Chicago; A. J. Messing, of St. Louis. " This organization shall go into effect upon the acceptance of this plan of organization by societies representing at least 10 cities of not less than 100,000 inhabitants each. " All cities having an organized Jewish relief association are eligible and invited to membership. " The provisional Officers and Executive Committee are hereby empowered to prepare a constitution and by-laws, and to carry into effect the resolutions adopted at the Conference held May 19-21, 1899, and to call such meetings at such times and places as they may deem necessary." NATIONAL FAEM SCHOOL 61 NATIONAL FARM SCHOOL Doylestown, Penna. Incorporated April 10, 1896. Officers: President, Eabbi Joseph Krauskopf, D. D., Residence, 124 E. Upsal Street, Germantown, Pa.; Vice-President, M. H. Lichten; Treasurer, M. M. Newman; Secretary, Harry C. Hoch- stadter, Office, 242 Franklin Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Executive Committee: Chairman, Adolph Eichholz, Ralph Blum, James L. Branson, Morris A. Kaufmann, Joseph Krauskopf, D. D. Board of Directors: Ralph Blum, Herman Blumenthal, James L. Branson, Adolph Eichholz, Herman Jonas, Morris A. Kauf- mann, Harry E. Kohn, Samuel D. Lit, Howard A. Loeb, Arthur Rosenberg, Ely K. Selig, Isaac H. Silverman, Benj. F. Teller. Members, 950. Annual income, about $10,000. Board meeting third Tuesday of the month. Organization meets in October. Objects: To train young men along such lines of instruction as will make of them practical and scientific farmers, well equipped to successfully carry on various branches of agriculture. The National Farm School is situated on a farm of 122 acres of tillable land and several acres of timber land. It is stocked with thoroughbred and grade stock. Improved tools and implements are used. A farm dairy is operated almost entirely by the students. On the grounds are a vegetable and truck garden, orchard, nursery grounds and greenhouses. The main building is fitted up with dormitory and class-rooms, laboratory, reception-room and offices. Some of the other buildings are a laboratory, synagogue, poultry-houses, stables, dairy, carriage-house. The course of studies, covering a period of four years, em- braces: 1. Algebra, English, bookkeeping, drawing, geometry, botany, physics, elocution, history, chemistry, physiology, civics, rhetoric, biology, geology, zoology, literature; 2. Agriculture, live stock, soils and soil management, hygiene of farm animals, horticulture, dairying, economic entomology, vegetable gardening, small fruit culture, stock feeding, agricultural chemistry, breeds and breeding, agricultural bacteriology, comparative anatomy, horticulture, veterinary science, agricultural physics, agricultural economics, field crops and farm management. Applicants must be between 16 and 19 years of age, and be prepared to pass an entrance examination equivalent to that for a high school. A limited number of pay students is ac- cepted at an annual charge of $200. There are 3 scholarships of $200 each. At present there are 20 pupils. The faculty consists of 4 professors. 62 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

INDEPENDENT ORDER B'NAI BRITH1 DISTRICT GRAND LODGE, NO. 1 New York; Secretary, S. Hamburger, B. B. Building, N. E. corner Lexington Avenue and 58th Street. New York, 1, New York. 1st and 3d Sunday, 2.30 p. m. Wil- liam Kahn, 546 Grand Street. Zion, 2, New York. 2d and 4th Thursday. Charles North- shield, 224 E. 69th Street. Saron, 3, New York. 4th Sunday, 3 p. m. M. N. Heckscher, 271 W. 122d Street. Hebron, 5, New York. 1st and 3d Sunday, 10 a. m. S. W. Goodman, 147 E. 82d Street. Lebanon, 9, New York. 1st and 3d Thursday. S. Hamburger, 723 Lexington Avenue. B'er Schebba, 11, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday, 10 a. m. L. A. Schloss, 228 W. 36th Street. Ararat, 13, Hartford, Conn. 1st, 3d and 5th Sunday. Charles Rosenthal, 158 Asylum Street, P. O. Box 276. Jordan, 15, New York. 2d and 4th Monday. Ph. Adams, 136 E. 110th Street. Schiloh, 17, Albany, N. Y. Every Sunday, 2 p. m. M. Illch, 89 Madison Avenue. Palestine, 18, New York. 4th Sunday, 10.30 a. m. H. M. Blaskopf, 26 E. Houston Street. Washington, 19, New York. 1st and 3d Wednesday. A. Emanuel, 977 Third Avenue. Horeb, 25, New Haven, Conn. 1st and 3d Sunday, 7.30 p. m. David Strouse, P. O. Box 1047. Massachusetts, 27, Boston, Mass. 2d and 4th Sunday. M. Miranda, 2777 Washington Street. Hillel, 28^ Brooklyn, E. D. 2d and 4th Sunday. B. Schmidt, 309 Graham Avenue. Canaan, 29, New York. 1st Sunday, 8 p. m. J. Ober, 4 E. 115th Street. Rehoboth, 38, New York. 1st and 3d Sunday. S. Lambert, 160 E. 94th Street. Arnon Centennial, 39, New York. 2d and 4th Tuesday. E. H. Kern, 430 E. 57th Street. Isaiah, 49, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday, 10 a. m. I. S. Lambert, 134 E. 96th Street. Zerubbabel, 53, Rochester, N. Y. 1st and 3d Sunday. David Strauss, 122 N. Clinton Street. 1 For Cemetery established under the auspices of this Order, see under Port- land, Oregon; for Home for the Aged, under Yonkers, N. Y.; for Library, under New York City; for Orphan Asylums, under Atlanta and Cleveland; for sundry other organizations, under Chicago, Denver, Omaha, San Francisco. INDEPENDENT ORDER B'NAI BKITH 63 Mordecai, 57, New York. 3d Sunday. L. Smalls, 204 E. 75th Street. Samuel, 63, Brooklyn, N. Y. 1st and 3d Sunday. A. Osterman, 524 11th Street. Moses, 66, New York. 2d Sunday, 8 p. m. Isaac Willon, 334 E. 58th Street. Monteflore, 70, Buffalo, N. Y. 1st and 3d Wednesday. E. Fleischmann, 190 Edward Street. Maccabee, 71, New York. 2d and 4th Thursday. H. E. Kantro- wicz, 408 E. 9th Street. Henry Jones, 79, New York. 2d and 4th Wednesday. I. Israel, 205 Pearl Street, 469 Manhattan Avenue. Jeremiah, 85, Troy, N. Y. 1st and 3d Sunday. Louis A. Levy, 19 4th Street. Abraham, 89, Bridgeport, Conn. 1st and 3d Sunday, 2 p. m. Bernard Klein, P. O. Box 476. Jacob, 91, Syracuse, N. Y. 1st and 3d Sunday. M. Joel, 815 S. State Street. Nehemiah, 94, New York. 3d Sunday, 3 p. m. M. Studinski, 1570 Madison Avenue. Independence, 96, New York. 1st and 3d Wednesday. H. Schiller, 207 W. 118th Street. Edward Everett, 97, New York. 2d and 4th Tuesday. Chas. M. Lamline, 323 E. 62d Street. Aaron, 112, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. 1st and 3d Sunday. H. B. Gellert, 233 Main Street, Eliezer, 115, Newburgh, N. Y. 1st and 3d Sunday. Victor Scharps. Gamaliel, 116, Hudson, N. Y. 1st and 3d Sunday, 2 p. m. Win. Kritzman. Joel, 118, Plattsburg, N. Y. 1st and 3d Sunday. Henry Scheier, P. O. Box 215. Amos, 121, Boston, Mass. 2d Sunday. H. Nelson, 45 Bowers Street, Roxbury, Mass. Zephaniah, 131, Rondout, N. Y. 2d Sunday, 2 p. m. M. Solo- mon. Haggai, 132, Providence, R. I. 1st and 3d Sunday, 3 p. m. N. Pincus, 737 Westminster Street. Atlantic, 137, New York. 1st and 3d Sunday. L. Munk, 97 Avenue C; Gideon, 140, Albany, N. Y. 1st and 3d Sunday, 7 p. m. I. J. Newburg, 14 Lancaster Street. Manhattan, 156, New York. 1st Monday. Em'l Marx, 315 E. 57th Street. Asariah, 164, New York. 1st and 3d Tuesday. D. Celler, 1936 3d Avenue. 64 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

Chananiah, 165, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday. Jos. Kraus, 2359 Eighth Avenue. Mishael, 166, New York. 2d and 4th Tuesday. L. Basch, 67 E. 3d Street. Sulamith, 167, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday, 4 to 6 p. m. L. Berg, 115 E. 82d Street. Akiba, 173, New York. 1st and 3d Sunday, 8 p. m. A. Ober, 217 E. 106th Street. Israel, 176, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday, 2 p. m. Emanuel Simon, 252 W. 85th Street. Boston, 186, Boston, Mass. 2d and 4th Sunday, 10.30 a. m. T. Samuels, 1 Brookford Street, Roxbury, Mass. Kishon, 193, New York. 1st and 3d Sunday. Feist Manheimer, 72 E. 116th Street. Empire State, 199, Elmira, N. Y. 1st, 3d and 5th Sunday. S. J. Holzheimer, 141 E. Water Street. Melchizedek, 200, Waterbury, Conn. 1st, 3d and 5th Sunday. Ph. Pollack. Metropolitan, 213, New York. 3d and 5th Monday. John Davis, 7 Pine Street. Medad, 216, New York. 2d Sunday. A. Levy, 1672 3d Avenue. Long Island, 226, Brooklyn, N. Y. 1st and 3d Sunday. Barend Keit, 1092 DeKalb Avenue. Leo Merzbacher, 244, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday. H. Brown, 56 W. 119th Street. Fortuna, 250, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday, 10 a. m. A. Croner, 1519 1st Avenue. Mount Sinai, 270, New York. 3d Monday. Isidor Metzger, 437 E. 123d Street. Mosenthal, 288, Boston, Mass. 1st and 3d Sunday. S. I. Ros- nosky, 46 E. Springfield Street. Mohawk Valley, 291, New York. 1st, 3d and 5th Sunday. M. Schwartz, 200 Division Street. Cosmopolitan, 303, New York. 2d and 4th Wednesday. N. Lewin, 102 Madison Street. Washington Irving, 312, New York. 2d and 4th Wednesday. B. Schulhafer, 1242 3d Avenue. Adullam, 326, Pittsfield, Mass. 1st, 3d and 5th Sunday. M. G. Rosenthal. Montreal, 327, Montreal, Can. 1st and 3d Sunday. S. S. Gass, 830 Dorchester Street. America, 410, New York. 1st and 3d Wednesday. D. A. Huebsch, 31 Rose Street. Concordia, 440, New York. 1st and 3d Tuesday. A. Hirsch- field, 449 4th Avenue. Utica City, 459, Utica, N. Y. 2d and 4th Wednesday, 8 p. m. J. M. Mendelson, 44 Liberty Street. INDEPENDENT ORDER B'NAI BRITH 65

DISTBICT GKAND LODGE, NO. 2 Cincinnati, O.; Secretary, Victor Abraham, Masonic Temple, Room 1. Bethel, 4, Cincinnati, O. M. Bing, 633 Richmond Street. Jerusalem, 6, Cincinnati, O. Jacob Trost, 12 W. Canal Street. Har Moriah, 14, Louisville, Ky. Isaac David, 8th and Chestnut Street. Solomon, 16, Cleveland, O. Jonas Cohen, 354 Ontario Street. Mt. Carmel, 20, Cincinnati, O. Isaac Frank, 769 Kenyon Ave- nue. Missouri, 22, St. Louis, Mo. Julius Schwarz, P. O. Box 709. • Thisbe, 24, Evansville, Ind. F. A. Gumberts, 127 N. Third Street. Mendelssohn, 40, Louisville, Ky. I. L. Schwabacher, 156 Third Street. Ebn Ezra, 47, St. Louis, Mo. M. Linz, 3618 S. Jefferson Avenue. Monteflore, 54, Cleveland, O. M. Brunswick, 653 Lorain Street. Eshcol, 55, Dayton, O. Julius Bornstein, 533 W. Third Street. Abraham, 58, Indianapolis, Ind. R. Stern, 531 N. Noble Street. Emek Beracha, 61, Ft. Wayne, Ind. C. Young, 73 Webster Street. Zion, 62, Columbus, O. Solomon Loeb, 114 and 116 S. Front Street. Joseph, 73, St. Joseph, Mo. M. C. Straus, 115 N. Third Street. Sholem, 78, Leavenworth, Kan. S. Simonds, 306 and 308 Dela- ware. Osterman, 86, Cincinnati, O. Jacob Schottenfels, 119 E. Third Street, Spinoza, 108, Cincinnati, O. Julius Fuchs, P. O. Box 46. Gan Eden, 110, Terre Haute, Ind. Henry Wolff, care of A. Herz. Barzillai, 111, Lafayette, Ind. Moses Hene, Lafayette, Ind. Hagar, 135, Madison, Ind. M. J. Hoffstadt, 222 E. Main Street. Harmony, 149, Paducah, Ky. James Weille, Paducah, Ky. Denver, 171, Denver, Col. Max Eppstein, Room 45, Good Block. Achim, 175, St. Louis, Mo. S. Bondi, 2623 S. 13th Street. Ephraim, 183, Toledo, O. D. Winter, 321 Spitzer Building. Kansas City, 184, Kansas City, Mo. N. Mayer, 2111 E. 14th Street. Gihon, 195, Zanesville, O. R. Hilpoltsteiner, 379 Putnam Ave- nue. Julius Fuerst, 196, St. Louis, Mo. A. Gershon, 214 N. 21st Street. Etz Chaim, 205, Vincennes, Ind. Daniel Oestreicher, Vincennes, Ind. Standard, 215, Cincinnati, O. Isaac Bloom, P. O. Box 767. 5 66 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

Asher, 227, Owensboro, Ky. E. S. Bamberger, 532 Clay Street. Queen City, 258, Sedalia, Mo. H. Laupheimer, Sedalia, Mo. Riverside, 285, Louisiana, Mo. Isidor Michael, Louisiana, Mo. Lexington, 289, Lexington, Ky. H. Loevenhart, 4 E. Main Street. Wabash, 292, Wabash, Ind. Abe Simon, P. O. Box 94. Trinidad, 293, Trinidad, Col. L. Freudenthal, 3d and S. Beech Street. Ligonier, 298, Ligonier, Ind. Jonas Schloss. Esther, 323, Indianapolis, Ind. Jacob Sonnenberger, 435 E. Market Street. Mamre, 329, South Bend, Ind. Frank M. Hanauer, 428 Michi- gan Avenue. Albuquerque, 336, Albuquerque, N. M. Henry N. Jaffa. Youngstown, 339, Youngstown, O. E. Guthman, 616 North Avenue. Baron de Hirsch, 454, Cleveland, O. Leopold Deutelbaum, Orphan Asylum. Cincinnati, 465, Cincinnati, O. William Greenflelder, 119 E. Sixth Street. DISTRICT GRAND LODGE, NO. 3 Philadelphia, Pa.; Secretary, M. K. Cohen, 2123 Camac Place. Har Sinai, 8, Philadelphia, Pa. David Kohn, 1836 N. 17th Street. Har Moriah, 10, Philadelphia, Pa. P. Rasener, 446 Magnolia Street. Har Nevoh, 12, Philadelphia, Pa. H. Sundheim, 942 N. Eighth Street. Joshua, 23, Philadelphia, Pa. M. K. Cohen, 2123 Camac Place. Salem, 26, Harrisburg, Pa. Win. Wolf, 310 Herr Street. Judaea, 30, Easton, Pa. E. Goldsmith. Tabor, 31, Newark, N. J. L. Finger, 23 Hill Street. Hermon, 32, Danville, Pa. Simon Dreifuss. Elim, 36, Philadelphia, Pa. S. Moskowitz, 1614 Randolph Street. Jericho, 44, Allegheny, Pa. David H. Goldman, 254 Worth Ave- nue. Jeshurun, 59, Philadelphia, Pa. Asher Hassler, 633 N. Sixth Street. Cremieux, 83, Philadelphia, Pa. Moses Hecht, 1623 N. 10th Street. Ezekiel, 90, Newark, N. J. Leopold Heller, 246 W. Kinney Street, Philadelphia, 102, Philadelphia, Pa. Rev. Win. Armhold, 1723 N. 16th Street. Ibn Gabirol, 114, Pittsburg, Pa. Abm. Green, 1821 Forbes Street. INDEPENDENT OEDEK B'NAI BRITH 67 Zephania, 120, Williamsport, Pa. Hiram M. Ulman. Union, 124, Pottsville, Pa. Julius Hess, 412 W. Arch. Amos, 136, Scranton, Pa. F. L. Wormser. Rodef Scholem, 139, Wilkes-Barre, Pa. Rev. Herman Rubin, 88 S. Washington Street. Jephthah, 143, Paterson, N. J. Morris Levin, 148 Main Street. Naphtali, 150, Meadville, Pa. Morris H. Reefer. Saar Sholem, 154, Allegheny, Pa. Louis Cohn, 88 Hemlock Street. Ahaveth Sholem, 160, Corry, Pa. Jacob Berliner. Noah, 185, Hoboken, N. J. Joseph Rechert, 1201 Garden Street. Boaz, 191, N. Brunswick, N. J. Louis Cohn. Newark City, 201, Newark, N. J. Fred'k Block, 239 Market Street. Lancaster, 228, Lancaster, Pa. Jonas Fox, 113 S. Queen Street. Hudson, 295, Jersey City, N. J. Charles Marks, 86 Montgomery Street. Moses Monteflore, 308, Altoona, Pa. S. Neuwahl. Trenton, 319, Trenton, N. J. Jacob L. Herold, 136 N. Willow Street. Iron City, 324, Pittsburg, Pa. Louis Van Ullem, 1113 Penn Avenue. Allentown, 363, Allentown, Pa. Israel Schnurman. Wilmington, 470, Wilmington, Del. H. Grossman, 613 W. Eighth Street. Uniontown, 471, Uniontown, Pa. I. Frank, 32 E. Main Street.

DISTRICT GRAND LODGE, NO. 4 San Francisco, Cal.; Secretary, I. J. Aschheim, 121 Eddy Street. Ophir, 21, San Francisco, Cal. Wednesday. Marcus Levy, 112 Bush Street. Modin, 42, San Francisco, Cal. Tuesday. Sam Flyshaker, 72iy2 Bush Street. Pacific, 48, San Francisco, Cal. Thursday. Jacob Gans, 1336 Ellis Street. Montefiore, 51, San Francisco, Cal. Monday. S. H. Schocken, 1322 Fillmore Street. Columbia, 127, San Francisco, Cal. Monday. Adolph Wolfe, 701 Golden Gate Avenue. Golden Gate, 129, San Francisco, Cal. Wednesday. Benj. Isenburg, 517 Kearny Street. California, 163, San Francisco, Cal. Thursday. Jul. Israelsky, 840 McAllister Street. Unity, 273, San Francisco, Cal. Monday. J. Elsasser, 1904 Steiner Street. 68 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAE BOOK

Cremieux, 325, San Francisco, Cal. Monday. S. S. Green, 420 Kearny Street. Occidental, 345, San Francisco, Cal. Tuesday. E. Silverstone, 112 Lyon Street. Board of Eelief, San Francisco, Cal. 1st and 3d Sunday. H. Ankel, care Siebe & Green, 11th and Market Streets, or 121 Eddy Street. Etham, 37, Sacramento, Cal. Tuesday. Leon Salomon, P. O. Box 143. Garizim, 43, Grass Valley, Cal. 1st and 3d Sunday. I. Stein. Miriam, 56, Marysville, Cal. 2d and 4th Sunday. A. Weiss, P. O. Box 463. Oregon, 65, Portland, Ore. 2d and 4th Tuesday. L. Lachman, P. O. Box 726. Hope, 126, Stockton, Cal. 1st and 3d Sunday. Alb. Peyser, 220 E. Main Street. Orange, 224, Los Angeles, Cal. 2d and 4th Sunday. Sam Levi, 641 S. Los Angeles Street. Yosemite, 231, Merced, Cal. Sunday. A. Badt. Paradise, 237, San Bernardino, Cal. 1st and 3d Sunday. B. Rawicz, 752 C Street. Ariel, 248, San Jose, Cal. 2d and 4th Sunday. I. Reiser, 32 S. Second Street. Oakland, 252, Oakland, Cal. Tuesday. E. Bernstein, 466 Ninth Street. Carson, 266, Carson, Nev. 2d and 4th Sunday. A. Cohn. North Pacific, 314, Portland, Ore. 2d and 4th Sunday. I. Gum- bert, 474 Salmon Street. Semi-Tropic, 341, San Pedro, Los Angeles County. 1st and 3d Sunday. B. W. Edelman. Seattle, 342, Seattle, Wash. 1st and 3d Wednesday. I. Korn, P. O. Box 493. Lasker, 370, San Diego, Cal. 2d and 4th Tuesday. Samuel I. Fox, 1320 D. Street. Portland, 416, Portland, Ore. 1st and 3d Tuesday. Isaac L. White, 247 Stark Street. Baron de Hirsch, 420, Butte, Mont. 1st and 3d Sunday. M. Genzberger, P. O. Box 297. B. F. Peixotto, 421, Salt Lake, Utah. Tuesday. W. G. Watters, 31 E. First S. Street. Abr. Geiger, 423, Spokane, Wash. 2d and 4th Wednesday. Sam Bayles, 713 Riverside Avenue. Washoe, 450, Reno, Nevada. 2d and 4th Sunday. J. Hausman. Sabato Morais, 464, Portland, Ore. 1st and 3d Sunday. M. Ricen, 269 Montgomery Street. INDEPENDENT ORDER B'NAI BRITH 69

AUXILIARIES Montefiore, 3, Oakland, Cal. 1st and 3d Tuesday. Milton Mazor, 80S Grove Street. De Hirsch, 4, San Francisco, Cal. 2d and 4th Monday. N. Zekind, 121 Eddy Street. Daughters of Judah, San Francisco, Cal. 2d and 4th Wednes- day. Miss B. Cohen, 121 Eddy Street.

DISTRICT GRAND LODGE, NO. 5 Richmond, Va.; Secretary, Joseph L. Levy, 616 E. Marshall Street. Argo, 413, Washing-ton, D. C. J. B. Hartz, 1638 14th Street N. W. Benjamin, 69, Richmond, Va. Jos. Cohen, 1537 E. Main. Beer Chajim, 177, Cumberland, Md. Jos. Hirsch. Columbus, 77, Columbus, Ga. J. Feiler. Covenant, 125, Baltimore, Md. J. Bamberger, 617 E. Baltimore Street. Charlotte, 280, Charlotte, N. C. L. Leon. Dan, 93, Charleston, S. C. T. Moultrie Mordecai. Elijah, 50, Washington, D. C. H. Kronheimer, 634 L Street N. W. Fidelity, 53, Baltimore, Md. S. Wasserman, 1718 Druid Hill Avenue. Gabriel Riesser, 75, Baltimore, Md. E. Bernheimer, 41 N. Caro- line Street. Grace Aguilar, 117, Washington, D. C. Sol. Rice, 714 G Street S. W. Gate City, 144, Atlanta, Ga. Alex. Ritter, 161 Whitehall Street. Joseph, 76, Savannah, Ga. J. Gardner, 12 E. Brighton Street. King David, 60, Baltimore, Md. S. L. Auerbach, 1628 MeCulloh. Ludwig Phillipson, 133, Baltimore, Md. M. Behrend, 1611 Division Street. Loyal, 350, Baltimore, Md. W. L. Gutman, 1929 Druid Avenue. Leopold Zunz, 364, Goldsboro, N. C. S. S. Spier. Malachi, 146, Macon, Ga. John Hartz. Micha, 147, Albany, Ga. S. Cohn. Macon, 172, Norfolk, Va. A. Aronheim. Monticello, 214, Charlottesville, Va. S. Oberdorfer. Mount Vernon, 259, Alexandria, Va. E. Goldsmith. Migdol, 318, Brunswick, Ga. S. M. Glogauer. Macon, 448, Macon, Ga. W. H. Hertz. North State, 222, Wilmington, N. C. I. L. Greenewald, 113 Market Street. Obadiah, 119, Augusta, Ga. Louis Cohen, 606 Broad Street. Paradise, 223, Richmond, Va. Isaac Held, 502 W. Second Street. 70 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

Rimmon, 68, Richmond, Va. Jos. L. Levy, 616 E. Marshall Street. Virginia, 225, Petersburg, Va. A. S. Reinach. Zanvah, 235, Tarboro, N. C. D. Lichtenstein.

DISTRICT GRAND LODGE, NO. 6 Chicago, 111.; Secretary, E. C. Hamburgher, 59 N. Clark. Ramah, S3, Chicago, 111. 1st and 3d Wednesday, American Express Building. Burton B. Weil, Unity Building. Pisgah, 34, Detroit, Mich. 1st and 3d Sunday. S. Silberman, 111 Spruce Street. Gilead, 41, Milwaukee, Wis. 1st and 3d Monday. M. N. Becker, 901 Galena Street. Emes, 67, Springfield, 111. 1st and 3d Sunday. S. Benjamin. Hillel, 72, Chicago, 111. 2d and 4th Monday, American Express Building. D. A. Felsenthal, 3745 Langley Avenue. Isaac, 87, Milwaukee, Wis. 1st and 3d Sunday. Chas. L. Aarons, 708 Pabst Building. Zuleika, 99, Quincy, 111. 1st and 3d Sunday. Harry Swimmer. Maurice Mayer, 105, Chicago, 111. 2d Wednesday, American Express Building. Chas. Cohn, 174 La Salle Street. Progress, 113, Peoria, 111. 2d and 4th Sunday. A. Jacobson, Woolner Building. Jonathan, 130, Chicago, 111. 1st and 3d Tuesday, 83 Madison Street. H. S. Goldsmith, Unity Building, 79 and 81 Dearborn Street. Cremieux, 138, Lacrosse, Wis. 1st and 3d Sunday. J. Gutman. Milwaukee, 141, Milwaukee, Wis. 2d and 4th Sunday. J. Leweck, 814 Germania Street. Sovereignty, 148, Chicago, 111. 2d and 4th Tuesday, American Express Building. M. Riese, 893 Osgood Street. Quincy, 151, Quincy, 111. 2d and 4th Sunday. B. G. Vasen, 508 Main Street. Minnesota, 157, St. Paul, Minn. 2d Sunday. H. J. Strouse. Island, 169, Rock Island, 111. 1st and 3d Sunday. Louis Kohn. Davenport, 174, Davenport, Iowa. 2d and 4th Sunday. Rev. Isaac Fall, 328 W. 5th Street. Bay City, 178, Bay City, Mich. Every alternate Sunday. Win. Sempliner, 610 Grant Street. Keokuk, 179, Keokuk, Iowa, 2d and 4th Sunday. L. Solomon. Humboldt, 180, Ottawa, 111. 1st and 3d Sunday. Sol. Degen. Oriental, 189, Chicago, 111. 1st and 3d Monday, American Ex- press Building. S. Lubliner, 165 and 167 S. Market Street. Abraham Lincoln, 190, Bloomington, 111. 1st and 3d Sunday. Albert Livingston. Fox River, 209, Appleton, Wis. 2d and 4th Sunday. W. L. Lyon. INDEPENDENT ORDER B'NAI BRITH 71 Julius Hcraseman, ,238, Grand Rapids, Mich. 2d and 4th Sun- day. I. Frankford, 50 W. Bridge Street. Mishan, 247, Kalamazoo, Mich. 1st and 3d Sunday. Louis Isenberg. Burlington, 251, Burlington, Iowa. 1st and 3d Sunday. O. Lehman, care of J. S. Schramm. Jackson City, 256, Jackson City, Mich. 2d and 4th Sunday. Julius Hanaw, 202 Main Street. Chicago, 263, Chicago, 111. 2d and 4th Sunday, 2 p. m., corner Halstead and Madison Streets. H. Roth, 84 La Salle Street. Northwestern, 265. Chicago, 111. 1st Sunday, 2 p. m., American Express Building. D; Kahn, 193 E. 26th Street. Egypt, 268, Cairo, 111. 1st and 3d Sunday. D. L. Marx, 603 Commercial Avenue. Minneapolis, 271, Minneapolis, Minn. 1st and 3d Sunday. J. Harpman, 323 Nicollet Avenue. Grand Prairie, 281, Champaign, 111. 1st and 3d Sunday. M. Loewenstern, Urbana, 111. Liberty, 294, Lincoln, 111. 1st and 3d Sunday. H. Traub. Herder, 321, Chicago', 111. 2d Thursday, American Express Building. I. Judah, 371 Mohawk Street. Des Moines, 330, Des Moines, Iowa. 1st and 3d Sunday. M. Stern. Chippewa Valley, 334, Chippewa Falls, Wis. 1st and 3d Sun- day. I. Rothstein, Eau Claire, Wis. Abraham Aub, 343, Chicago, 111. 4th Tuesday, American Ex- press Building. David Brown, 62 E. 25th Street. Nebraska, 354, Omaha, Neb. 1st and 3d Sunday. Phil. Got- heimer, 1916 Farnum Street. Lincoln City, 377, Lincoln, Neb. 2d and 4th Sunday. H. Schlesinger, 1448 " L " Street. Shechem, 396, St. Paul, Minn. 1st and 3d Sunday. Sam'l C. Silverman, 221 E. 13th Street. Duluth, 457, Duluth, Minn. 2d and 4th Sunday. A. Freimuth, 1828 W. Superior Street. Alex. Hamilton, 462, Chicago, 111. 2d and 4th Wednesday, Covenant Culture Club. I. E. Rubovits, Covenant Culture Club, 72-78 E. Monroe Street. Alpena, 473, Alpena, Mich. 2d and 4th Sunday. Max Jasspon.

DISTRICT GRAND LODGE, NO. 7 New Orleans, La.; Secretary, Nat. Strauss, 1457 Magazine Street. Home, 243, New Orleans, La. Sol. Leon, Hennen Building. Zered, 245, Washington, La. J. Plonsky. Akiba Egar, 249, Brenham, Tex. H. Cohn. Reuben, 257, Marshall, Tex. I. Hockwald. 72 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK Rnth, 262, Summit, Miss. Chas. Levy. Othniel, 274, Natchitoches, La. Ed. Phillips. Hannah, 276, Bastrop, La. Louis Lazarus. Phoenix, 279, Pine Bluff, Ark. M. Lecinsky. Elah, 282, Camden, Ark. Moses Stern. Marengo, 283, Forkland, Ala. I. A. Levy. Attakapas, 284, New Iberia, La. Max Levy. Araph, 286, Menden, Miss. Henry Loewi. Jacksonville, 287, Jacksonville, Fla. W. A. Dvarlynskie. Alabama, 299, Montgomery, Ala. S. Mayer. Fort Smith, 306, Ft. Smith, Ark. S. Joel. Naomi, 313, Hallettsville, Tex. Jos. Kahn. West Tennessee, 316, Brownsville, Tenn. Jos. Sternberger. N. D. Menken, 317, Durant, Miss. J. Marseilles. Edward Lasker, 346, Tyler, Tex. S. Jacobs. Birmingham, 368, Birmingham, Ala. E. Gusfleld. Houston, Houston, Texas. S. Simon. Jubilee, Beaumont, Tex. S. Lederer. J. K. Gutheim, New Orleans, La. Albert Aschaffenberg. Dinah, Brookhaven, Miss. D. Wilson. Mississippi, 35, Memphis, Tenn. H. Gronauer. Maimonides, 46, Nashville, Tenn. M. Wertham. Beth Zur, 84, Mobile, Ala. S. Heidelberger. Vicksburg, 98, Vicksburg, Miss. L. M. Lowenberg. Hiddikel, 100, Memphis, Tenn. Henry Brown. Emanuel, 103, Montgomery, Ala. L. Young, Box 246. Judith, 106, Canton, Miss. J. Perlinsky. Louisiana, 107, Shreveport, La. Eli Blum. Ezra, 134, Natchez, Miss. Simon Mayer, Box 137. Jephthah, 142, Eufaula, Ala. Silas Stern. Concordia, 152, Uniontown, Ala. E. A. Ernst. Zadok, 155, Selina, Ala. M. L. Steine. Little Rock, 158, Little Rock, Ark. Simon Colm. Esther, 159, Helena, Ark. Mayer Cook. Deborah, 161, Greenville, Miss. M. Mayer. Bayou Sara, Bayou Sara, La. M. Burgess. Joachim, 181, Columbus, Miss. S. Schwab, Box 94. Crescent City, 182, New Orleans, La. L. Dreyfus, 1629 Erat:i Street. B'nai Israel, 188, New Orleans, La. D. Goldstean. Dallas, 197, Dallas, Tex. A. Weber. Eureka, 198, Waco, Tex. H. S. Long. Menorah, 202, Jackson, Miss. L. S. Brown. Adasa, 208, Monroe, La. I. Heinberg. Lone Star, 210, Houston, Tex. Simon Kattowitz. Edar, 211, San Antonio, Tex. M. Friedman. Victoria, 212, Victoria, Tex. Ben. Dreyfus. ORDER BRITH ABRAHAM 73

Alpha, 219, Pensacola, Fla. L. B. Huschman. Gulf, 221, New Orleans, La. Simon Leopold, 125 Dauphin Street. Rephidim, 230, Port Gibson, Miss. M. Levy. Abraham Geiger, 233, Baton Roug-e, La. E. H. Mayer. Ezra, 236, Huntsville, Ala. Gus. Mai. feliciana, 239, Clinton, La. Henry Meyer. Rebecca, 240, Alexandria, La. Moses Mayer. Hill City, 241, Austin, Tex. Max Michelson. Zacharias Frankel, 242, Galveston, Tex. M. P. Osterman.

DISTKICT GRAND LODGE, NO. 8 Berlin, Germany; Secretary, D. Wolff, Wilhelm Strasse, 118 III S. W. DISTRICT GRAND LODGE, NO. 9 Bucharest, Roumania; Secretary, Jos. Stern, 9 Passage Ghica I.

DISTRICT GRAND LODGE, NO. 10 Prague, Bohemia; Secretary, Adalbert Skall, Mariengasse 57.

ORDER BRITH ABRAHAM Founded June 12, 1859. Officers of the United States Grand Lodge: Grand Master, Samuel Dorf, No. 116, Florence Building, New York City; 1st Deputy Grand Master, Robert Strahl, No. 36, 333 Humboldt Street, Brooklyn, N. Y.; 2d Deputy Grand Master, Anson Stern, No. 45, 23 Pemberton Square, Boston, Mass.; Grand Secretary, Leonard Leisersohn, No. 84, Florence Building, New York; Grand Treasurer, Samuel Wolf, No. 5, 153, Division Avenue, Brooklyn, N. Y.; Chairman Committee on Finance, Morris Blo- stein, No. 9, 241 Monroe Street, New York City; Chairman Committee on Laws, Gutman Klein, No. 19, 346 South Street, Philadelphia, Pa.; Chairman Committee on Cemetery, Moritz Kobsa, No. 66, 348 E. 85th Street, New York City; Chairman Committee on Appeals, Geo. Pollock, No. 97, 210 N. Howard Street, Baltimore, Md.; Chairman Committee on Endowment, Nathan Phillips, No. 20, 198 Clinton Street, New York City; Treasurer of Committee on Endowment, Abr. J. Dworsky, No. 164, 239 E. 60th Street, New York City; Secretary Committee on Endow- ment, Mayer Sternberg, No. 2, 248 Roebling Street, Brooklyn, N. Y. DIRECTORY OF LODGES Lodges marked with * employ the English language. Time of meeting, 8 o'clock p. m., unless otherwise stated. 74 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

LODGES, LOCATION AND SECEETABT'S ADDRKSS Abraham, 1, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday, 254 Broome Street. Samuel Namm, 230 Eldridge Street. Don Abarbanel, 2, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday, 209 E. Broadway. M. B. Kramer, 439 Grand Street. Arjeh, 3, New York. 2d and 4th Saturday, 254 Broome Street. Louis Weill, 220 E. 107th Street. Baruch D. Spinoza, 4, New York. 2d and 4th Saturday, 209 E. Broadway. Sam. Levinson, 414 E. Sixth Street. Moses, 5, Brooklyn, N. Y. 1st and 3d Saturday, Florence Build- ing. Sam. Wolff, 153 Division Avenue. *Liberty, 6, Philadelphia, Pa. 1st and 3d Sunday, 733 S. 6th Street. Geo. Kandell, 2111 Warnock Street. Elias Aaron, 7, New York. 1st and 3d Wednesday, 131 Allen Street. Julius Kranier, 49 Clinton Place. Benjamin Harrison, 9, New York. 1st and 3d Saturday, 200 E. Broadway. M. Blostein, 241 Monroe Street. Kaiser Friedrich, 10, New York. 1st and 3d Sunday, 1 p. m., 630 E. 5th Street. Jul. Goldschmidt, 183 Chrystie Street. Montefiore, 13, Cleveland, Ohio. Every Sunday, 399 Ontario Street. S. Rickman, 95 Oregon Street. True Friends, 14, New York. 2d and 4th Monday, 254 Broome Street. Sam. Morris, 2089 Second Avenue. Jehudah, 15, New York. 1st and 3d Sunday, 106 Forsyth Street. M. Dunkelman, 635 E. 6th Street. *New York, 16, New York. 2d and 4th Tuesday, 200 E. Broad- way. M. B. Kramer, 439 Grand Street. Elieser, 17, New York. 2d and 4th Monday, 73 Ludlow Street. Sol. Stoeger, 238 Rivington Street. Mount Sinai, 18, New York. 1st and 3d Thursday, 77 Essex Street. Joseph Herman, 251 Eldridge Street. Pennsylvania, 19, Philadelphia, Pa. 2d and 4th Sunday, 214 Pine Street. Gutman Klein, 346 South Street. Benjamin, 20, New York. 2d and 4th Monday, 236 Broome Street. B. Cohn, 118 E. 110th Street. New Haven, 21, New Haven, Conn. 1st and 3d Sunday, 95 Crown Street. M. Mendelsohn, 470 Congress Avenue. •Manhattan, 22, New York. 2d and 4th Wednesday, 200 E. Broadway. N. Rubin, 311 E. 105th Street. Reppiner, 23, New York. 1st and 3d Monday, 142 Delancey Street. Sam. Preiss, 323 E. 75th Street. Mordepai, 24, New York. 1st and 3d Tuesday, 254 Broome Street. Jacob Phillips, 228 Madison Street. Joseph, 25, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday, 2 p. m., 67 E. 8th Street. Max Newman, care of L. Krotosky, 350 Bowery. OEDEE BEITH ABEAHAM 75 *Syracuse City, 26. Syracuse, N. Y. 1st and 3d Sunday, Free- man's Hall, Jefferson Street. Max J. Altaian, 515 E. Adams Street. Ascher, 27, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday, 209 E. Broadway. A. Cohn, 10 Cannon Street. Edward Lasker, 28, New York. 1st and 3d Saturday, Florence Building. Leopold Herman, 273 E. 3d Street. *Albany City, 30, Albany, N. Y. 2d and 4th Sunday, No. 4 Beaver Block. Henry Heyman, 45 Jefferson Street. S. Eappaport, 31, New York. 1st and 3d Sunday, 209 E. Broad- way. A. Cohn, 10 Cannon Street. Elchonon, 33, New York. 2d and 4th Saturday, 209 E. Broad- way. J. Phillipps, 228 Madison Street. *Alexander, 34, Troy, N. Y. 1st and 3d Sunday, Druid's Hall. Wm. Lippman, 51 Congress Street. Kingsburg, 36, Brooklyn, N. Y. 1st and 3d Sunday, corner Leonard and Scholes Streets. Henry Aron, 40 Bartlett Street. New Jersey, 38, Newark, N. J. Every Monday, 1 Broome Street. Henry Eosner, 32 Boyd Street. Tisza Kolman, 42, New York. 1st and 3d Saturday, 177 E. Broadway. Sol. Goodman, 409 E. Sixth Street. Bnai Abraham, 43, New York. 1st and 3d Tuesday, 165 E. Broadway. Jul. Kurlansky, 35 Eutgers Street. Weinberg, 44, New York. 1st and 3d Sunday, 236 Broome Street. Herman Blau, 51 Broome Street. *Unity, 45, Boston, Mass. 1st and 3d Sunday, 1125 Washington Street. Morris Jacobs, 50 Eutland Square. St. Louis Israel, 46, St. Louis, Mo. 2d and 4th Sunday, 1030 Franklin Avenue. M. H. Horowitz, 816 N. 8th Street. Scranton, 47, Scranton, Pa. 2d and 4th Sunday, German Odd Fellows' Hall. B. Lehman, 111 Lackawanna Avenue. Pride of Boston, 48, Boston, Mass. 1st and 3d Sunday, 149 Stamford Street. M. L. Silberstein, 238 Hanover Street. Commonwealth, 50, Boston, Mass. Every 4th Sunday, 133 Blackstone Street. Julius Hirsch, 102 E. Brookline Street. Gottlieb, 51, New York. 2d and 4th Saturday, 73 Ludlow Street. B. Kirshenbaum, 161 Eidge Street. Abraham Lincoln, 52, Cleveland, Ohio. Every Wednesday, Blahd & Heller's Block. Adolph Amster, 30 Jackson Street. Eodof Sholom, 53, St. Louis, Mo. 2d and 4th Sunday, Fraternal Building. Jos. Berger, 1109 N. 11th Street. *Eabbi Nathan Adler, 54, Chicago, 111. 1st and 3d Saturday, 505 S. Union Street. Charles Bonus, care of Station " L." Baron Eothschild, 55, New York. 2d and 4th Tuesday, 56 Orchard Street. Jos. Shiresohn, 39 Eutger Street. *Pride of the West, 56, St. Louis, Mo. 1st and 3d Sunday, Harugari Hall. Felix Lehbold, 618 S. 2d Street. 76 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

*Golden Crown, 57, Boston, Mass. 2d and 4th Sunday, 24 Hay- ward Place. Joseph Rosenberg, 83 Albion Street. *General Grant, 58, New York. 1st and 3d Wednesday, 200 E. Broadway. Max Lande, 409 E. 69th Street. *Newark City, 59, Newark, N. J. 2d and 4th Sunday, 828 Broad Street. Adolph S. Daus, 44 Nelson Place. *David, 60, Syracuse, N. Y. 1st and 3d Sunday, corner Harri- son and Crape Streets. Sol. Rosenzweig, 611 Harrison Street. *Union, 61, Newark, N. J. 2d and 4th Sunday, 2 p. m., 94 Market Street. I. Harris, 13 Murray Street. Norwich City, 62, Norwich, Conn. 2d and 4th Sunday, 10.30 a. m., 15 Main Street. Moses Haymon, 133 Sherman Street. Minneapolis City, 63, Minneapolis, Minn. 1st and 3d Sunday, Congregation Kneseth Israel Hall. J. Gould, 1215 Girard Ave- nue, N. Mayer Malbim, 64, New York. 2d and 4th Monday, 165 E. Broadway. Jul. Kurlansky, 35 Rutger Street. Stryer, 65, New York. 2d :md 4th Monday, 125 Rivington Street. B. Kirshenbaum, 161 Ridge Street. Hirsh Liska, 66, New York. 2d and 4th Saturday, 257 E. Houston Street. Herman Goodfriend, 737 Fifth Street. Raphael, 67, New York. 2d and 4th Saturday, 200 E. Broadway. M. B. Kramer, 439 Grand Street. Eben Israel, 69, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday, 130 Norfolk Street. Jacob Abrahams, 318 W. 38th Street. Joseph Steinman, 70, New York. 1st and 3d Saturday, 98 Forsyth Street. Herman Feuerlicht, 128 Cannon Street. Fortuna, 71, New York. 2d and 4th Tuesday, 160 E. 86th Street. G. Gellin, 349 E. 82d Street. •Metropolitan, 73, New York. 1st and 3d Sunday, 49 Henry Street. J. Hirshberg, 231 E. 5th Street. Koenig Saul, 74, New York. 2d and 4th Saturday, 77 Essex Street. Chas. Heimberg, 101 Forsyth Street. Romener, 75, New York. 1st and 3d Wednesday, 200 E. Broad- way. Sam. Namm, 230 Eldridge Street. Chicago Jecheskel, 76, Chicago, 111. 2d and 4th Saturday, 185 W. 14th Street. Abraham Kalisch, 523 S. Canal Street. Jonathan, 77, New York. 2d and 4th Saturday, 165 E. Broad- way. M. Charash, 302 E. 3d Street. *Rochester City, 78, Rochester, N. Y. 1st and 3d Sunday, 113 St. Josephs Street. Maurice H. Shulman, 33 Rhine Street. *Pinchas, 79, Buffalo, N. Y. 2d and 4th Sunday, 463 Michigan Street. Sam May, 12 Union Street. Wisconsin, 80, Milwaukee, Wis. 2d and 4th Sunday, Prairie and 3d Streets. Simon Hart, 530 Vliet Street. *Star of the West, 81, Chicago, 111. 1st and 3d Sunday, 3 p. m., 208 Lasalle Street. Sol. Wolff, 558 N. Hoyne Avenue. ORDER BRITH ABRAHAM 77 Essex county, 82, Newark, N. J. Every other Sunday, 214 Court Street. Jos. Feldman, 81 Mercer Street. Rigar, 83, Baltimore, Md. 2d and 4th Sunday, 1011 E. Balti- more Street. Shai Albert, 914 E. Pratt Street. *Haxlem, 84, New York. 1st and 3d Sunday, 1915 Third Avenue. Ferdinand Brown, 1653 Madison Avenue. Charity, 85, Chicago, 111. 1st and 3d Sunday, 599 Milwaukee Avenue. Kalman Gross, 136 Potomac Avenue. *Koenig David, 86, Kansas City, Mo. 1st and 3d Sunday, 915 Walnut Street. M. Englander, 1016 N. 5th Street. *Wilkes-Barre City, 87, Wilkes-Barre, Pa. 2d and 4th Sunday, 11 South Main Street. Max Casper, 48 S. Canal Street. *General Washington, 88, New York. 2d and 4th Monday, 59 E. 4th Street. Isaac Matthysse, 408 E. 75th Street. *Sluzewo Elieser, 89, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday, 106 Forsyth Street. I. Hirshberg, 514 E. 82d Street. *Nathan Bloom, 90, Louisville, Ky. 2d and 4th Sunday, Y. M. H. Hall. Hyman L. Goldstein, 447 E. Jefferson Street. *Cremieux, 92, St. Louis, Mo. 1st and 3d Sunday, Fraternal Building. M. Feldman, 1414 Biddle Street. *St. Paul Capitol, 93, St. Paul, Minn. 2d and 4th Sunday, 53 W. 7th Street. Sam. Shedorsky, 117 Sherburne Avenue. New Kurlander, 95, New York. 1st and 3d Wednesday, 77-79 Essex Street. Chas. S. Hoffman, 32 St. Mark's Place. *B. Burenstein, 96, St. Louis, Mo. 2d and 4th Sunday, 1030 Franklin Avenue. Sam. Schwartzberg, 806 N. 9th Street. *King Salomon, 97, Baltimore, Md. 1st and 3d Sunday, 2 p. m., 1011 E. Baltimore Street. Dr. M. Shirman, 655 W. Lexington Street. Baron Hirsch, 99, Providence, R. I. 1st and 3d Sunday, 36 Chalkstone Avenue. Morris Dawer, 121 Chalkstone Avenue. Centennial Lodge, 100, New York. 2d and 4th Wednesday, 98 Forsyth Street. Jacob Phillipps, 228 Madison Street. *Jacob Frees, 101, Dallas, Tex. Every 2d Sunday, 292 Com- merce Street (Temple Emanuel). Joe Fried, 502 Main Street. Paterson City, 102, Paterson, N. J. 1st and 3d Sunday, Fair and Washington Streets. Michael Harris, 67 Paterson Avenue. Palestine, 103, New York. 1st and 3d Saturday, 106 Forsyth Street. Hyman Bloom, 142 Forsyth Street. Elijohu, 104, New York. 1st and 3d Saturday, 165 E. Broad- way. R. Berger, 149 Madison Street. *Waterbury City, 105, Waterbury, Conn. 2d and 4th Sunday, 135 E. Main Street. M. S. Neiman, 412 N. Main Street. Harmony, 106, Fall River, Mass. 2d and 4th Sunday, 40 Second Street (Troy Building). Benj. Shagom, 292 Pleasant Street. Hamilton, 107, New York. 2d and 4th Monday, Florence Build- ing. Max Kedziorek, 83 Allen Street. 78 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAE BOOK

D. Marks, 108, New York. 2d and 4th Wednesday, 73 Ludlow Street. Jul. Kurlansky, 35 Rutger Street. *Oscar Wiener, 110, Cleveland, O. Every 2d Sunday, 384 Ontario Street. Simon L. Levy, 357 Woodland Avenue. *Michigan, 111, Detroit, Mich. Every other Sunday, 58 Catha- rine Street. Louis Thorner, 307 Antoine Street. *Maimonides, 112, Providence, R. I. 2d and 4th Sunday, 36 Chalkstone Avenue. B. Gunsberg, 341 S. Main Street. *Queen City, 113, Denver Col. 1st and 3d Sunday, 1449 Larimer Street. B. L. Shuman, 1948 Larimer Street. ^Baltimore City, 116, Baltimore, Md. 2d and 4th Sunday, 500 E. Fayette Street (Elks' Hall). Isidore Mannes, 861 N. Howard Street, Brooklyn City, 118, Brooklyn, N. Y. 1st and 3d Sunday, 14 Graham Avenue (P. O. Building). Bernard Leopold, 28 Diamond Street, *Flour City, 119, Minneapolis, Minn. 2d and 4th Sunday, 12 N. Washington Avenue. Abr. N. Berman, 1111 Bryant Avenue, N. *Keystone, 120, Philadelphia, Pa. 2d and 4th Thursday, 616 S. 9th Street. B. Solms, 1330 N. 6th Street. *New Britain City, 124, New Britain, Conn. 2d and 4th Sunday, Hannas Hall, Main Street. Isaac Cohen, corner Willow and North Streets. Kaiser Franz Joseph, 127, New York. 1st and 3d Sunday,. 66 Essex Street. Simon Tropp, 119 Ludlow Street. White City, 131, Chicago, 111. 2d and 4th Saturday, Skalas Hall, 175 W. 12th Street. Mayer Landsman, 125 Dearborn Street. Rabbi Itz. Elchonon, 132, St. Louis, Mo. 1st and 3d Sunday, 1025 Franklin Avenue. Joseph Flacks, 1217 N. 11th Street. *Duluth City, 133, Duluth, Minn. 1st and 3d Sunday, Kala- mazoo Block. Michael Rochlen, 232 W. 2d Street. *Zion, 134, New York. 1st and 3d Monday, 209 E. Broadway. Isaac M. Marks, 158 E. 92d Street. *Western Pride, 136, St. Louis, Mo. 2d and 4th Sunday, Light- stone's Hall. Joseph Lehr, 716 Carr Street. Rev. Dr. Messing, 137, Indianapolis, Ind. 1st and 3d Sunday, 18y2 S. Delaware Street, Fabian Cohn, 418 N. Pine Street. *Peoria City, 138, Peoria, 111. 1st and 3d Sunday, Observatory Building. Abr. Jacobson, 536-37 Woolner Building. *Traverse City, 139, Empire, Mich. Every 2d Sunday, Traverse, Mich. Isaac Frazer. *Isaac Salomon, 140, Denver, Col. 1st and 3d Sunday, 153P Larimer Street. Chas. Lazarus, 1118 22d Street, *Providence City, 143, Providence, R. I. 2d and 4th Sunday. Whatcheer Hall, 202 Charles Street. Henry Silverman, 39 Black Street. ORDER BRITH ABRAHAM 79 *Nebraska State, 144, Omaha, Neb. 2d and 4th Sunday, 17th and Douglass Street. I. Demoratzky, 1317 Davenport Street. *Atlantic, 145, Yonkers, N. Y. 1st and 3d Sunday, 32 Main Street. M. Summerfeld, 53 "Victor Street. Joseph Meisels, 146. 2d and 4th Monday, 62 Pitt Street. Sol. Blumner, 60 Cannon Street. *Moses Mendelsohn, 147, Philadelphia, Pa. 1st and 3d Monday, 640 N. 6th Street. Max I. Sadler, 907 N. 5th Street. *Niagara, 148, Buffalo, N. Y. 2d and 4th Sunday, 272 Broad- way. J. Estry, 607 Jefferson Street. *West Superior City, 150, West Superior, Wis. 2d and 4th Sunday, 2 p. m., corner 8th Street and Tower Avenue. Morris E. Alexander, 607 John Avenue. *Washington City, 151, Washing-ton, D. C. 2d and 4th Sunday, 904 Pennsylvania Avenue N. W. M. Ullman, 907 6th Street S. W. *Luzerne County, 153, Wilkes-Barre, Pa. 2d and 4th Sunday, 12 Public Square. A. Sigholtz, 86 Canal Street. Israel, 154, Boston, Mass. 1st and 3d Sunday, 133 Blackstone Street. Josiah Wise, 111 Union Park Street. Netter, 156, Chicago, 111. 2d and 4th Saturday, 539 S. Jefferson Street. Ben Benjamin, 125 W. 14th Place. *Barnert, 158, Paterson, N. J. 2d and 4th Sunday, 2 p. m., 167 Market Street. Rob. Hammel, 92 Market Street. *Des Moines, 159, Chesterfield, la. 2d and 4th Sunday, O. U. A. M. Hall, E. 5th Street. J. A. Soodhalter. Samuel Dorf, 160, Baltimore, Md. 2d and 4th Sunday, 634 W. Baltimore Street. Wm. Statter, 1118 E. Lombard Street. *New Era, 161, Chicago, 111. 2d and 4th Saturday, 32 Emma Street. B. S. Flicht, 399 N. Hoyne Avenue. Jesse Seligman, 162, Newark, N. J. Every 2d Thursday, 224 Court Street. Emil Herman, 7 N. 3d Street. *Meyer David, 163, Chicago, 111. 1st and 3d Sunday, p. m., 539 S. Jefferson Street. M. Kadansky, 199 Forquer Street. Empire State, 164, New York. 2d and 4th Saturday, 209 E. Broadway. Abr. Radin, 172 Henry Street. Illinois, 165, Chicago, 111. 2d and 4th Saturday, 175 W. 12th Street. Joseph Clonick, 262 Maxwell Street. *California, 166, San Francisco, Cal. 1st and 3d Sunday, 120 O'Farrell Street. Rud. S. Roberts, 24 Morris Avenue. America, 167, New York. 1st and 3d Sunday, 98 Forsvth Street. A. Shechwitz, 284-286 E. Houston Street. Paul Revere, 168, Chelsea, Mass. 2d and 4th Sunday, Pilgrim Hall, Hawthorne and Broadway. Max Berman, 2 Miller Street. *Friendship, 169, St. Louis, Mo. 1st and 3d Sunday, 801 Frank- lin Avenue. E. Liebreich, 810 Franklin Avenue. *Ohav Shalom, 170, St. Louis, Mo. 1st and 3d Sunday, 3 Fra- ternal Building. H. Hirsch, 2003 N. 15th Street. 80 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

Congress, 171, Chicago, 111. 2d and 4th Sunday, 490 S. Union Street. L. Schneider, 261 W. Madison Street. *Bne Ephraim, 172, Chicago, 111. 2d and 4th Saturday, 525 S. Jefferson Street. A. Shapiro, 525 W. 12th Street. *Purity of Boston, 173, Boston, Mass. 2d and 4th Sunday, 188 Hanover Street. B. Braensky, 23 Prospect Street. *Ahavath Achim, 174, Boston, Mass. 2d and 4th Sunday, 53 Hanover Street. D. Chertok, 137 Brighton Street. *Hennepin County, 175, Minneapolis, Minn. 1st and 3d Sunday, 36 6th Street, S. Lazar Schwartz, 827 S. Wash Avenue. *Maccabee, 176, Providence, R. I. 2d and 4th Sunday, 643 N. Main Street. S. Schmidt, 241 Chalkstone Avenue. *Woonsocket, 177, Woonsocket, R. I. Every 2d Sunday, 4 Main Street. A. Terkel, P. O. Box 244. *Malbim, 178, Chicago, 111. 1st and 3d Sunday, 183 W. 14th Street. J. S. Mehlman, 261 W. 14th Street. *Beaconsfleld, 179, Chicago, 111. 2d and 4th Saturday, 490 S. Union Street. B. Wittenberg, 48 Johnson Street. *Kansas City, 180, Kansas City, Mo. Every 4th Sunday, 816 Walnut Street. Leopold Adler, 1015 E. 15th Street, *Pride of Massachusetts, 181, Boston, Mass. 2d and 4th Sunday, 193 Hanover Street. Carol Greenberg, 74 Brighton Street. United Israel, 182, New York. 2d and 4th Saturday, 112 Clinton Street. Louis Slevin, 210 Henry Street. Sons of Jacob, 183, New York. 2d and 4th Monday, 62 Pitt Street. Isaac Lehrer, 184 Delancey Street. Progress, 184, Bayonne, N. J. 1st and 3d Sunday, 254 Broome Street. H. J. Pimstein, 66 W. 20th Street. *South Norwalk, 185, South Norwalk, Conn. Every 4th Sun- day, 100 Washington Street. Philip Nygood, 26 Day Street. *Beacon Light, 186, Baltimore, Md. 2d and 4th Tuesday, 630 W. Baltimore Street. D. Mayerson, 1817 Pennsylvania Avenue. American Israelites, 187, New York. 1st and 3d Tuesday, 77 Essex Street. Abr. Shadkun, 227 Clinton Street. Aaron, 188, New York. 1st and 3d Wednesday, 77-79 Essex Street. Abr. Shadkun, 227 Clinton Street. Connecticut, 189, New Haven, Conn. 2d and 4th Sunday, 3.30 p. m., 119 Court Street. B. Lipschitz, 854 Grand Avenue. *Prophet Samuel, 190, Chicago, 111. 2d and 4th Sunday, Union and Liberty Streets. Chas. Benjamin, 526 S. Morgan Street. G. Richter, 192, New York. 1st and 3d Wednesday, 112 Clinton Street. S. Kleinman, 314 E. Houston Street. *Oriental, 193, Chicago, 111. 1st and 3d Sunday, 505 S. Union Street. Sam. Clamitz, 203 W. 14th Street, *Springfleld Massachusetts, 195, Springfield, Mass. 2d and 4th Sunday, 5 p. m., 100 Worthington Street. Benj. Albert, 60 Sharon Street. OBDEE BKITH ABEAHAM 81

*Golden Eagle, 196, Chicago, 111. 2d and 4th Saturday, Hooran's Hall, Halstead and Harrison Streets. I. J. Schlessinger, 780 N. Leavitt Street. *St. Joseph City, 197, St. Joseph, Mo. 1st and 3d Sunday, 6th and Edmond Streets. Jacob Eosenthal, 307 S. 6th Street. *Lake Erie, 198, Cleveland, Ohio. Every Sunday, 344% Ontario Street. S. J. Ferber, 36 Charles Street. *Alamo, 199, San Antonio, Texas. Every 2d Sunday, Odd Fel- lows' Hall, Houston Street. Louis Osteryoung, 106 S. Flores Street. Anshel Hirsch, 200, Houston, Tex. Every 3d Sunday, Main and Prairie Streets. A. S. Greenstein, P. O. Box 485. *Waco, 201, Waco, Tex. Every 3d Sunday, Odd Fellows' Hall. Philip Eichman, 502 N. 10th Street. *Pride of Maine, 202, Lewiston, Me. 1st and 3d Sunday, 51 Lisbon Street. N. Markson, 28 Chestnut Street. Paper City, 203, Holyoke, Mass. Last Sunday, 3 p. m., 437 High Street. Sam. Berge, 383 Park Street. Hungarian True Brothers, 204, Indianapolis, Ind. Every 2d Sunday, Iron Hall. Joseph Winkler, 433 E. Washington Street. State of New York, 205, New York. 2d and 4th Wednesday, 145 Suffolk Street. David Trautman, 172 Stanton Street. Ostrolenka, 206, New York. 2d and 4th Saturday, 9 Essex Street. Abr. Kaufman, 227 Cherry Street. ) Fortschritt, 207, New York. 1st and 3d Tuesday, 177 E. Broad- way. Morris Silverman, 67 Henry Street. Golden Gate, 208, San Francisco, Cal. 1st and 3d Sunday, 120 O'Farrell Street. B. Hertzberg, 928 Folsom Street. *Bne Moses, 209, Youngstown, O. 1st and 3d Sunday, E. Fed- eral Street. Emanuel Geiger, 225 E. Eayon Avenue. *Hope, 210, Pittsburg, Pa. 1st and 3d Sunday, 318 Fifth Avenue. G. H. Oppenheim, 27 Maggee Street. *Lafayette Salzman, 211, Lafayette, Ind. 2d and 4th Sunday, corner Main and 9th Street. Louis Salzman, 63 E. Main Street. Worcester, 212, Worcester, Mass. 1st and 3d Sunday, 98 Front Street. Paul Seharager, 65 Waverly Street. Ehode Island, 213, Providence, E. I. 1st and 3d Sunday, 205-207 Willard Avenue. Leo J. Weintraub, 20 Eobinson Street. Sholom, 214, New York. 1st and 3d Sunday, 270 W. 128th Street. Julius Metzger, 182 E. 82d Street. *Bay State, 215, Boston, Mass. 1st and 3d Sunday, 193 Hanover Street. B. L. Goldstein, 27 Wall Street. Kadisha, 216, Atlanta, Ga. 1st and 3d Sunday, 2 p. m., 102% Decatur Street. Jacob Spielberger, 43 Courtland Avenue. *Iron City, 217, Pittsburg, Pa. 2d and 4th Sunday, 10 a. m., 78-80 Fifth Avenue. Sol. Green, 26 Fulton Street. 82 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

*Duquesne, 218, Pittsburg, Pa. 2d and 4th Sunday, 238 Fourth Avenue. Aaron Harter, 140 East Street, Allegheny, Pa. *Greater New York, 219, New York. 2d and 4th Tuesday, 205 E. 54th Street. Adolph Freund, 432 E. 58th Street. *Pride of Chicago, 220, Chicago, 111. 1st and 3d Saturday, 195 Maxwell Street. Max Long, 161 W. 12th Street. Eitz Chajim, 222, New York. 1st and 3d Saturday, 91 Delancey Street. H. Mendelson, 102 Monroe Street. *Wilhelm E. Russel, 223, Boston, Mass. 2d and 4th Sunday, 53 Hanover Street. Henry Craft, 38 Poplar Street. *Winnisimmet, 224, E. Boston, Mass. 2d and 4th Sunday, 6 p. m., 120 Winnisimmet Street. Jacob Harris, 39 Chelsea Street. *Lawrence City, 225, Lawrence, Mass. 1st and 3d Sunday, 2 p. m., 503 Common Street. S. Kaufman, 142 Hampshire Street. South End Boston, 226, Boston, Mass. 1st and 3d Sunday, 12 Kneeland Street. Leon J. Barwood, 136 Dover Street. Bne Israel, 227, Chicago, 111. 1st and 3d Saturday, 157 Maxwell Street. M. Weinreis, 234 Maxwell Street. *Oneida County, 228, Utica, N. Y. 1st and 3d Sunday, Odd Fellows' Temple. Jacob M. Mendelson, 55 John Street. *Utica City, 229, Utica, N. Y. 2d and 4th Sunday, Odd Fellows' Temple. M. J. Goldbas, 90 Whitesboro Street. *Indianapolis, 230, Indianapolis, Ind. 2d and 4th Sunday, Iron Hall Building. D. Erdman, 620 E. Market Street. *Newport News, 231, Newport News, Va. 1st and 3d Sunday, Rierfeld's Hall. Jacob Greenberg, 137 18th Street. Long Island, 232, Brooklyn, N. Y. 2d and 4th Tuesday, 98 Graham Avenue. Max Haas, 806 Flushing Avenue. *Forward, 233, Chelsea, Mass. Every Sunday, 120 Winnisim- met Street. Wolf Arbeiter, 10 Elm Street. Eli Goan, 234, E. Boston, Mass. 2d and 4th Sunday, 2 p. m., Paytin Hall, 32 Central Square. Harry Skirboll, 100 Federal Street, Boston, Mass. Marcus, 235, Chicago, 111. 1st and 3d Saturday, Union and Liberty Streets. Rudolf Brown, 383 W. 12th Street. *Admiral Dewey, 236, Cleveland, O. Every Tuesday evening at Forest City Hall. Jacob Wolf, 771 Sterling Avenue. Kiew, 237, New York. 1st and 3d Monday, 236 Broome Street. Abraham Shadkun, 227 Clinton Street. Z.edebaum, 238, Chicago, 111. 1st and 3d Saturday, 300 Blue Island Avenue. M. Festenstein, 9 Frank Street. Emile Zola, 239, New York. 2d and 4th Tuesday, 177 E. Broad- way. Jacob Goldfeld, 166 E. 107th Street. Brass City, 240, Waterbury, Conn. 1st and 3d Sunday, 107 Bank Street. H. M. Oseransky, 77% Kingsbury Street. Gladstone, 241, Waterbury, Conn. 2d and 4th Sunday, 87 Bank Street. Moses Segal, 30 N. Elm Street. ORDER BRITH ABRAHAM 83 Home, 242, Chicago, 111. 1st and 3d Sunday, 256 Blue Island Avenue. Chas. Benjamin, 526 S. Morgan Street. George Pollock, 243, Baltimore, Md. 1st and 3d Sunday, 1017 E. Baltimore Street. Wm. Shapiro, 28 S. Greene Street. Aaron Wise, 244, New York City. 2d and 4th Sunday, 338 E. Houston Street. Henry Blechner, 60 Goerk Street. Crown of Massachusetts, 245, Boston, Mass. 1st and 3d Sun- day, 1125 Washington Street. Simon Levy, 8 Oneida Street. Meriden City, 246, Meriden, Conn. 1st and 3d Sunday, Con- gregation Hall. Abr. Freeda, Wallingford, Conn. Alexander Kohut, 247, Dallas, Tex. Every 3d Tuesday, Temple Emanuel. Gus. Roos, 179 Browder Street. Admiral Schley, 248, New York City. 1st and 3d Monday, 180 Stanton Street. Adolph Lehrfeld, 165 Lewis Street. Herschman, 249, New Haven, Conn. 2d and 4th Sunday, Con- gregation Hall. Moses Kopelowitz, 52 Oak Street. Westchester County, 250, Mt. Vernon, N. Y. 2d and 4th Sun- day, 125 S. Railroad Avenue. Sam'l L. Gottlieb, 403 W. Lincoln Avenue.

LADIES' LODGES Sarah, 1, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday, 236 Broome Street. Louis Weill, 220 E. 107th Street. Deborah, 2, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday, 3 p. m., 145 Suf- folk Street. Jul. Goldschmidt, 183 Chrystie Street. Rebecca, 3, New York. 1st and 3d Sunday, Florence Building, Room 3. M. Wald, 313 E. 85th Street. *St. Louis Ladies', 5, St. Louis, Mo. Every 1st Sunday, Fra- ternal Building. Mrs. Pauline Schwartzberg, 806 N. 9th Street. Koenigin Esther, 9, Baltimore, Md. 2d and 4th Sunday, p. m., 1011 E. Baltimore Street. Isidore Mannes, 861 N. Howard Street. Johanna Meseritz, 10, Brooklyn, N. Y. 2d and 4th Sunday, 52 Tomkins Avenue. Mrs. Emma Gradenwitz, 974 Myrtle Avenue. *Miriam, 13, Providence, R. I. 2d and 4th Sunday, 36 Chalk- stone Avenue. H. Basilensky, 10 Olney Street. Lady Montefiore, 14, New York. 1st and 3d Wednesday, 49 Henry Street. Julius Goldschmidt, 183 Chrystie Street. Sister Stryer, 16, New York. 2d and 4th Wednesday, 80-82 Clinton Street. Simon Russack, 54 Suffolk Street. *Bneith Miriam, 18, Boston, Mass. 2d and 4th Sunday, 164 Hanover Street. D. Shapiro, 15 Fay Street. United Sisters, 19, New York. 2d and 4th Tuesday, 236 Broome Street. Abraham Shadkun, 227 Clinton Street. Martha Washington, 20, Chicago, 111. 1st and 3d Thursday, Brodie's Hall, 539 S. Jefferson Street. Sam. Clamitz, 203 W. 14th Street. 84 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

*Daughters of Israel, 21, Indianapolis, Ind. 2d and 4th Sun- day, Iron Hall Building. Fabian Conn, 418 N. Pine Street. Rosa, 22, New York. M. B. Kramer, 439 Grand Street. *Ladies' Centennial, 23, New York. 1st and 3d Sunday, 165 E. Broadway. Annie Kahn, 39 Rutgers Street. *Ruth, 24, Albany, N. Y. 2d and 4th Wednesday, Beaver Block. Miss Rose Heyman, 45 Jefferson Street. *Bneith Rachel, 25, Boston, Mass. 1st and 3d Sunday, 120 Winnisimmet Street. Harry Skirboll, 100 Federal Street. *Rochester Esther, 26, Rochester, N. Y. 2d and 4th Sunday, 2 p. m., 113 St. Joseph Street. M. H. Shulman, 33 Rhine Street. Ladies' Friendship, 27, Providence, R. I. 2d and 4th Sunday, 205 Willard Avenue. Isaac S. Adelman, 253 Willard Avenue. *Duquesne Ladies', 28, Pittsburg, Pa. Every 4th Sunday, 238 Fourth Avenue. Kaufman Haase, 443 Smithfield Street. Kaiserin Elisabeth, 29, New York. 2d and 4th Saturday, 66 Essex Street, Simon Tropp, 119 Ludlow Street. Daughters of Judah, 30, Pittsburg, Pa. 1st Sunday, Shapiro Hall. Miss Leah Tintner, 26 Fulton Street. Ladies of Illinois, 31, Chicago, 111. 2d and 4th Monday, Union and Liberty Streets. Chas. Benjamin, 526 S. Morgan Street. Daughters of Abraham, 32, Newport News, Va. 2d and 4th Monday, Hebrew Hall. Mrs. Ida Nachman, 123 18th Street. Baroness Hirsch, 33, Minneapolis, Minn. Every 4th Sunday, 34 6th Street S. Mrs. Emilie Blumberg, 2 Forrest Court. Babette Sanger, 34, Dallas, Tex. Every 4th Sunday, Temple Emanuel. Mrs. Auguste Freed, 502 Main Street. Eva, 35, Boston, Mass. 1st and 3d Sunday afternoon, 1125 Washington Street. Herman Bernstein, 13 Laconia Street.

INDEPENDENT ORDER FREE SONS OF ISRAEL1 Amount of Reserve Fund, $835,000. Paid to Widows, Orphans and Beneficiaries, $3,132,000. Paid by lodges of the Order for Benefits and Donations, $3,- 150,000. Total amount paid to Members and Beneficiaries, $6,282,000. Funds of lodges, $333,767.10. Number of lodges, 103.

GRAND LODGE OF THE UNITED STATES Officers: Grand Master, Julius Harburger, 104 Second Avenue, New York; 1st Deputy Grand Master, S. Hoffheimer. 1476 Lex- ington Avenue, New York.; 2d Deputy Grand Master, M. S. 1 For Cemetery established under the auspices of the Order, see under Chi- cago. ORDEE FREE SONS OF ISRAEL 85

Meyerhoff, 816 Cherry Street, Philadelphia, Pa.; 3d Deputy Grand Master, Adolph Pike, 108 La Salle Street, Chicago, 111.; Grand Secretary, I. H. Goldsmith, 791 Lexington Avenue, New York; Grand Treasurer, L. Frankenthaler, 72 E. 93d Street, New York; Chairman Committee on Endowment, William A. Gans, 141 Broadway, New York. Executive Committee: Philip Stein, Court House, Chicago, 111.; Herman Stiefel, 325 E. 4th Street, New York; I. J. Schwartzkopf, 32 E. 119th Street, New York; Abm. Hafer, 302 W. 139th Street, New York; J. M. Wilzin; Chas. M. Obst, 209 W. Newton Street, Boston, Mass.; Benj. Blumenthal, 53 E. 83d Street, New York; I. R. Gardner, 3644 Prairie Avenue, Chicago, 111.; Isaac Ham- burger, 5 W. 120th Street, New York; Adolph Finkenberg, 2287 3d Avenue, New York. Counsel, S. B. Hamburger, 141 Broadway, N. Y.

DISTRICT GRAND LODGE, NO. 1 Officers: Grand Master, M. S. Stern, 2013 Fifth Avenue, New York; 1st Deputy Grand Master, Isaac Engel, 329 S. Fifth Street, Brooklyn, N. Y.; 2d Deputy Grand Master, Jacob Harris, 587 Jefferson Street, Buffalo, N. Y.; 3d Deputy Grand Master, Wm. Bookheim, 130 S. Pearl Street, Albany, N. Y.; Grand Secretary, I. H. Goldsmith, 791 Lexington Avenue, New York; Grand Treas- urer, Benjamin Levinger, 187 Hewes Street, Brooklyn, N. Y.; Grand Warden, Meier Goldberg, 324 E. 62d Street, New York; Grand Tyler, Carson Mintz, 313 E. 85th Street, New York. General Committee: Chairman Committee on Appeals, Myer Elsas, 136 E. 115th Street, New York; Chairman Committee on Law, M. Angelo Elias, 218 Broadway, New York; Chairman on Finance, Benjamin Orbach, 488 Grand Street, New York; Chair- man Committee on State of District, Isaac Baer, 60 E. 120th Street, New York.

DISTRICT GRAND LODGE, NO. 2 Officers: Grand Master, J. S. Rechnitzer, 3019 Chestnut Street, St. Louis, Mo.; 1st Deputy Grand Master, Frank Kern, 331 Laflin Street, Chicago, 111.; 2d Deputy Grand Master, M. D. Rosenbach, 163 S. Clark Street, Chicago, 111.; 3d Deputy Grand Master, B. J. Frank, 178 Evergreen Avenue, Chicago, 111.; Grand Secretary, Alfred H. Woolf, 799 N. Leavitt Street, Chicago, 111.; Grand Treasurer, Louis Levin, 3659 Wentworth Avenue, Chicago, 111.; Grand Warden, Wolf Levy, 343 S. Marshfield Avenue, Chicago, 111.; Grand Tyler, L. Witkowsky, 934 Milwaukee Avenue, Chicago,

General Committee: Max Asher, Old Insurance Building, Mil- waukee, Wis.; M. Pflaum, 3311 Calumet Avenue, Chicago, 111.; 86 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

L. A. J. Lippelt, 822 Chestnut Street, St. Louis, Mo.; I. S. Lurie, 1387 W. 22d Street, Chicago, 111.; H. M. Shabad, 13 Vernon Park Place, Chicago, 111.

DIRECTORY OF LODGES AND ADDRESSES OF SECRETARIES Jacob, 1, New York. 4th Sunday, 3 p. m., 162 E. 55th Street. D. H. Phillips, 16 E. 120th Street. Abraham, 2, New York. 1st and 3d Sunday, 203 E. 56th Street. Louis Cohn, 233 E. 81st Street. Reuben, 3, New York. 1st and 3d Sunday, 155 E. 58th Street. I. H. Goldsmith, 791 Lexington Avenue. Juda Touro, 4, St. Louis, Mo. 2d Thursday, Odd Fellows' Building. J. S. Rechnitzer, 3019 Chestnut Street. Levy, 5, New York. 1st and 3d Wednesday, 155 E. 58th Street. M. L. Rothschild, 45 W. 117th Street. Aryeh, 6, New York. 1st, 3d and 5th Sunday, 155 E. 58th Street. L. Ullman, 195 Seventh Street. Isachar, 7, New York. 2d and 4th Thursday, 138 E. 57th Street, R. Strauss, 326 E. 90th Street. Sebulon, 8, New York. 2d, 4th and 5th Tuesday, 170 E. 60th Street. Aug. Diedesheim, 398 E. 52d Street. Dann, 9, Brooklyn, N. Y. 2d and 4th Sunday, Grand and Havermayer Streets. H. Sanders, 176 E. 95th Street, N. Y. Naphtali, 10, New York. 2d and 4th Tuesday, 1915 Third Ave- nue. Simon Gottschall, 183 E. 116th Street. Gad, 11, New York. 2d and 4th Thursday, 207 E. 56th Street. H. Katz, 1736 Madison Avenue. Montefiore, 12, Detroit, Mich. 1st and 3d Sunday, Odd Fel- lows' Temple. Simon A. Asher, 171 Montcalm Street, East. Asher, 13, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday, 138 E. 57th Street. Edward Oppenheimer, 618 E. 155th Street. Joseph, 14, New York. 1st and 3d Thursday, 328 E. 86th Street. Henry Abraham, 339 E. 69th Street. Benjamin, 15, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday, 239 E. 57th Street. Jos. I. Hartenstein, 536 Pearl Street. Ephraim, 16, Cleveland, O. 1st and 3d Tuesday, 354 Ontario Street. Samuel M. Oppenheimer, 34 Sanford Street. Menasse, 17, New York. 1st and 3d Sunday, 205 E. 56th Street. J. Rhonheimer, 5 W. 134th Street. Moses, 18, Chicago, 111. 2d and 4th Sunday, 869 Milwaukee Avenue. Julius Moll, 387 N. Ashland Avenue. Henry Clay, 19, New York. 1st and 3d Wednesday, 170 E. 60th Street. Isaac Strauss, 344 E. 116th Street. Aaron, 20, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday, 207 E. 56th Street. H. H. Guttman, 333 E. 77th Street. ORDER FREE SONS OF ISRAEL 87 Joshua, 21, New York. 2d and 4th Monday, 207 E. 56th Street. S. Backofen, 1842 Third Avenue. Isaiah, 22, Chicago, 111. 1st and 3d Wednesday, 151 E. Ran- dolph Street. A. Felsenthal, 3745 Langley Avenue. Simon, 23, New York. 1st and 3d Sunday, 239 E. 57th Street. M. Auerhahn, 4 Lewis Street. Daniel Webster, 24, New York. 1st and 3d Sunday, 155 E. 58th Street. M. M. Goldschmidt, 2142 Seventh Avenue. Moses Mendelson, 25, Boston, Mass. 2d and 4th Sunday, 3 p. m., 515 Tremont Street. Max Mehlinger, 377 Washington Street. King David, 26, New York. 2d and 4th Wednesday, 115 E. 86th Street. Henry Michaelis, 140 Concord Street, Brooklyn, N. Y. Jonathan, 27, Brooklyn, N. Y. 1st and 3d Sunday, Grand and Havermayer Streets. Max Blatt, 321 Grand Street, Brooklyn, N. Y. King Solomon, 28, Brooklyn, N. Y. 2d and 4th Sunday, 3 p. m., 407 Bridge Street. Frank Morris, 1605 Fulton Street, Brooklyn. Excelsior, 29, Chicago, 111. 2d and 4th Sunday, 2 p. m., 87 E. Madison Street. B. Herrick, 3409 Prairie Avenue. Standard, 30, New York. 1st and 3d Sunday, 170 E. 60th Street. Jacob L. Cohn, 139 W. 112th Street. Akiba Egar, 31, New York. 1st and 3d Wednesday, Second Ave- nue and First Street. Henry Krombach, 147 E. Houston Street. Jordan, 32, Brooklyn, N. Y. 1st and 3d Sunday, 3 p. m., 200 Joralemon Street. S. Krone, 448 Bergen Street, Brooklyn, N. Y. Judith, 33, Hartford, Conn. 2d and 4th Sunday, Bliss Hall. Chas. Rosenthal, 591 Main Street. Sinai, 34, New York. 1st and 3d Wednesday, 113-115 E. 86th Street, A. Gerothwohl, 629 Sixth Street. Rappaport, 35, Philadelphia, Pa. 2d and 4th Sunday, Covenant Hall. M. Lowenthal, 503 Fairmount Avenue. Palestine, 36, New York. 2d and 4th Thursday, 155 E. 58th Street. Moritz Stern, 342 E. 58th Street. Hosea, 37, New York. 1st and 3d Sunday, 138 E. 57th Street. Emanuel Greenhut, 220 E. 114th Street. Zion, 38, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday, 147 E. 53d Street. Sol. Maas, 106 E. 123d Street, H. J. Goldsmith, 39, Buffalo, N. Y. 2d and 4th Sunday, 467 William Street. Jacob Harris, 587 Jefferson Street. Syracuse, 40, Syracuse, N. Y. 2d and 4th Sunday, Freeman's Hall. M. J. Altman, 515 E. Adam Street. Newark, 41, Newark, N. J. 1st and 3d Sunday, 10 a. m., 94 Market Street. Leopold Heller, 246 W. Kinney Street. Empire City, 42, New York. 2d and 4th Wednesday, 59th Street and Madison Avenue. S. Steinbrink, 229 Washington Street, Brooklyn. 88 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

Hillel, 43, New York. 1st and 3d Sunday, 239 E. 57th Street. A. Michel, 646 E. 9th Street. New York, 44, New York. 1st and 3d Thursday, 237 E. 57th Street. J. Rheinheimer, 140 Columbia Street. Rochester Continental, 45, Rochester, N. Y. 1st and 3d Mon- day, Odd Fellows' Hall. S. F. Ehrlich, 148 N. Union Street. New Haven, 46, New Haven, Conn. 2d Sunday, 6dd Fellows' Hall. Philip Goodhart, V. O. Box, 1249. Friendship, 47, Richmond, Va. 1st and 3d Sunday, Central Annex Hall. Wm. Flegenheimer, P. O. Box 69. Liberty, 48, Philadelphia, Pa. 1st and 3d Sunday, 2 p. m., 640 N. 6th Street, H. Freeman, 2344 Woodstock Street. Abraham Lincoln, 49, Chicago, 111. 2d Sunday, 83 Madison Street. Abr. Diamond, 328 Elm Street. Iron City, 50, Pittsburg, Pa. 1st and 3d Sunday, 10 a. m., Morgenstern Building. Myer Rosenthal, 619 Wylie Avenue. Samuel, 51, Lowell, Mass. 4th Sunday, 544 Middlesex Street. Samuel Abels, 177 Mermark Street. Harmonie, 52, Milwaukee, Wis. 3d Sunday, 2 p. m., Paschen Hall, Chestnut Street. Julius S. Manasse, 737 27th Street. Progress, 53, St. Louis, Mo. 4th Thursday, Odd Fellows' Hall. Emil Hartman, 1103 Vandeventer Avenue. Queen City, 54, Cincinnati, O. 2d and 4th Tuesday, Covenant Hall. M. Schottenfels, 119 E. 3d Street. Lebanon, 55, Rondout, N. Y. 1st and 3d Sunday, Griffith's Hall. David Wolff, 22 Rogers Street. Achai Scholom, 56, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday, 70 E. 4th Street. Julius Mayer, 311 E. 27th Street. Buffalo City, 57, Buffalo, N. Y. 2d and 4th Sunday, New Era Hall. 176 Main Street. H. Levy, 688 William Street, Germania, 58, Chicago, 111. 1st and 3d Sunday, Masonic Temple. M. Kaskel, Station F, 504 N. Robey Street.' Garden City, 59, Chicago, 111. 4th Sunday, 2 p. m., 181 W. Madison Street. J. C. Kaufman, 412 S. Troy Street. Metropolitan, 60, New York. 1st and 3d Tuesday, 170 E. 60th Street. S. Hotchner, 16 E. 113th Street. Mount Horeb, 61, New York. 1st and 3d Monday, 170 E. 60th Street. Robert Senger, 319 Pearl Street, Bay State, 62, Boston, Mass. 1st Sunday, Minot Hall. M. H. Mintz, 67 Chauncey Street. Cream City, 63, Milwaukee, Wis. 1st Sunday, Lipp's Hall. B. Brachman, 1628 Cold Spring Avenue. Arnon, 64, Albany, N. Y. 2d and 4th Sunday, 7 p. m., 64 S. Pearl Street. Martin Schuster, 199 S. Pearl Street. Union, 65, New York. 2d and 4th Monday, 139 E. 59th Street. M. D. Cohn, care of Voss & Stern, 478 Broadway. ORDER FREE SONS OF ISRAEL 89 Constellation, 66, New York. 2d Sunday, 10 a. m., 723 Lexing- ton Avenue. E. J. Graetz, 139 E. 72d Street. Elias, 67, Cleveland, O. 1st and 3d Thursday, Blahd & Heller's Block. J. Campen, 414 Woodland Avenue. Independence, 68, Newark, N. J. 2d and 4th Tuesday, 828 Broad Street. Simon Loebl, 9 Boston Street. Yorkville, 69, New York. 1st and 3d Monday, 170 E. 60th Street. E. H. Kern, 430 E. 57th Street. Washington, 70, New York. 4th Monday, 723 Lexington Ave- nue. Joseph Heskel, 413 E. 85th Street. Mount Vernon, 71, New York. 2d and 4th Monday, 151-153 W. 125th Street. Samuel Jacobson, 345 Summer Avenue, Newark, N. J. Kansas, 72, Leavenworth, Kan. 4th Sunday, Bnai Jeshurun Building. Morris Rothschild, 414-416 Delaware Street. Gideon, 73, Louisville, Ky. 2d Sunday, Music Hall. J. I. Seideman, 613 W. Main Street. Cremieux, 74, Louisville, Ky. 3d Sunday, Y. M. H. A. Hall. Louis Gideon, 224 E. Breckenridge Street. Mississippi, 75, Port Gibson, Miss. 1st and 3d Sunday, The Temple. Ben. R. Levy, Port Gibson, Miss. Centennial, 76, Philadelphia, Pa. 3d Sunday, 10 a. m., Covenant Hall. S. W. Goodman, 116 N. Third Street. Abraham Geiger, 77, Cincinnati, O. 1st and 3d Sunday, cor. Fifth and Central Avenues. Julius Fuchs, P. O. Box 46. Providence, 78, Providence, R. I. 2d Sunday, 3 p. m., corner Foster and Friendship Streets. H. Lamb, 50 Exchange Place. Phoenix, 79, Chicago, 111. 4th Monday, 208 La Salle Street. J. C. Simon, 451 W. Congress Street. Maimonides, 80, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday, corner Second Avenue and First Street. M. Anthony, 366 Fulton Street, Brooklyn. Gal Ed, 81, Nashville, Tenn. 2d Sunday, Union Street. J. Levine, 204 N. College Street. Troy City, 83, Troy, N. Y. 2d and 4th Sunday, 3 p. m., Third Street Synagogue. William Lippmann, 51 Congress Street. Joseph Simmons, 84, Vicksburg, Miss. 2d and 4th Wednesday, B. B. L. A. Hall. Louis Emmich, care of S. Schwartz & Co., Vicksburg, Miss. Atlanta, 85, Atlanta, Ga. 3d Sunday, Kiser Building. Alex. Dittler, 517-527 Temple Court. Williamsport, 86, Williamsport, Pa. 1st Sunday, 10 a. m., Front and Mulberry Streets. S. Silverman, care of Park Hotel. Pioneer, 87, San Francisco, Cal. 1st and 3d Tuesday, 121 Eddy Street. L. Meininger, 442 California Street. Amsterdam, 88, Amsterdam, N. Y. 2d and 4th Sunday, Bank Building. A. Pollock. 90 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

Louisiana, 89, New Orleans, La. 1st and 3d Sunday, Y. M. H. A. Hall. S. Mendelsohn, P. O. Box 1038. James A. Garfield, 91, Greenville, Miss. 1st and 3d Monday, Masonic Temple. M. Lemler. Amity, 92, New York. 1st and 3d Thursday, 170 E. 60th Street. M. E. Shrier, 10 Bleecker Street. Minneapolis, 93, Minneapolis, Minn., 4th Wednesday, Alex- ander's Hall. J. Kantrowitz, 403 Boston Block. Chicago, 94, Chicago, 111. 2d and 4th Sunday, 106 E. Randolph Street. M. Veit, 178 Wilmot Avenue. Lessing, 95, Baltimore, Md. 2d and 4th Sunday, Covenant Hall. Harry Goldman, 1720 E. Preston Street. Duquesne, 96, Pittsburg, Pa. 2d and 4th Sunday, 10 a. m., Fifth Avenue and Market Street. Clarence Goldman, care of J. M. Guskey, Market Street. Lone Star, 97, Dallas, Texas. 4th Monday, B. B. Hall. A Pandres, care of E. M. Kahn & Co., Dallas, Texas. Peter Cooper, 98, New York. 1st and 3d Sunday, 3 p. m., 259 E. Houston Street. David Heyman, 11 E. 112th Street. Missouri, 99, St. Joseph, Mo. 2d Sunday, Synagogue. Dr. I. Schwab, corner 6th and Jule Streets. Hamilton, 100, New York. 2d Monday, 723 Lexington Avenue. M. I. Cohen, 1724 Madison Avenue. Edward Lasker, 101, Norfolk, Va. 4th Sunday, Monteflore Hall. A. Aronheim, Norfolk, Va. Memphis, 108, Memphis, Tenn. 4th Sunday, Odd Fellows' Hall. Henry Brown, 251 Main Street. Meridian, 109, Meridian, Miss. 2d and 4th Sunday. Siegfried Kips, Meridian, Miss. Manhattan, 111, New York. 1st and 3d Thursday, 237 E. 57th Street. M. A. Drucker, 110 E. 89th Street. Columbus, 112, Chicago, 111. 1st and 3d Sunday, N. E. corner Robey and Division Streets. Eli Brandt, 108 La Salle Street.

LADIES' LODGES Toechter, 1, New York. 1st and 3d Tuesday, 2 p. m., 239 E. 57th Street. Mrs. B. Van Raalte, 182 E. 76th Street. Naomi, 2, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday, 3 p. m., 1534 Third Avenue. Mrs. Fannie Hyms, 166 E. 90th Street. 1 Sarah, 3, New York. 3d Sunday, 2 p.m., 237 E. 57th Street. Jennie Fredericks, 203 E. 109th Street. Deborah, 5, New York. 1st and 3d Sunday, 2 p. m., 237 E. 57th Street. B. Davis, 1612 Avenue A. Leah, 6, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday, 2 p. m., 1G0 E. 86th Street. H. Weinberg, 14 E. 113th Street. Esther, 7, Chicago, 111. 2d Sunday, 2 p. m., Masonic Temple. Mrs. Ida Levin, 3659 Wentworth Avenue. INDEPENDENT ORDER SONS OF BENJAMIN 91 INDEPENDENT ORDER SONS OF BENJAMIN Endowment paid to Widows, Orphans and Brothers since the institution of the Order up to January, 1898, $1,983,390.04. From the surplus paid for Endowments up to January, 1898, $465,791.00. Total amount of the fund, July, 1898, $66,791.33. Number of members to July, 1898, 14,046. Number of members in the Ladies' Lodges, 1354. Number of Lodges. 188.

OFFICERS OF THE UNITED STATES GBAND LODGE Grand Master, Hon. Ferdinand Levy, 235 W. 112th Street, New York; 1st Deputy Grand Master, Abraham Rosenberg, 305 E. 57th Street, New York; 2d Deputy Grand Master, Samuel Buxbaum, 131 Concord Street, Boston, Mass.; Grand Secretary, Adolph Silberstein, 212 E. 58th Street, New York; Grand Treasurer, Philip Freund, 218 E. 53d Street, New York; Grand Inside Guard, Isidor S. Schaefer, 208 E. Broadway, New York; Grand Conductor, Morris Cohen, 119 Cannon Street, New York; Grand Messenger, Samuel Ascher, 348 E. 58th Street, New York; Counsel to the Order, Mitchel Levy, 132 Nassau Street, New York.

DIRECTORY OF LODGES Lodges marked with * employ the English language. Time of meeting, unless stated, 8 o'clock p. m. William Heller, 4, New York. 1st and 3d Sunday, 12 St. Mark's Place, E. 8th Street. Isaac, 6, New York. 1st and 3d Sunday, 73 Ludlow Street. *Henry Clay, 18, New York. 1st and 3d Sunday, 3 p. m., 1591 Second Avenue. *Perfection, 22, New York. 1st and 3d Sunday, 69 St. Mark's Place, E. 8th Street. Abraham Salomon, 24, Newark, N. J. Every 2d Sunday, 2 p. m., 5 S. Orange Avenue. Adolph Cremieux, 26, New Haven, Conn. 1st and 3d Sunday, 400 State Street. *King David, 28, Troy, N. Y. 1st and 3d Sunday, 195 River Street. *Kossuth, 31, Boston, Mass. 1st and 3d Sunday, Redmen's Hall, 516 Tremont Street. Salomon, 32, New York. 1st and 3d Sunday, 200 E. Broadway. *Cleveland City, 33, Cleveland Ohio. Every Sunday, Heller & Blahd's Hall. *Brooklyn City, 38, Brooklyn, N. Y. 1st and 3d Sunday, 3 p. m., 153 Pierrepont Street. 92 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAE BOOK *Garfleld, 43, Cleveland, Ohio. 1st and 3d, 374 Ontario Street. *St. Louis, 44, St. Louis, Mo. 1st and 3d Sunday, Fraternal Building, N. W. corner 11th and Franklin Streets. Kurland, 50, New York. 1st and 3d Sunday, 151 Bowery. *Keystone, 57, Philadelphia, Pa. 1st and 3d Sunday, K. of P. Hall, 238 Pine Street. Union, 60, New York. 1st and 3d Sunday, 142 E. 4th Street. *Capitol City, 66, Albany, N. Y. 1st and 3d Sunday, Laventall Building. Palestina, 71, New York. 1st and 3d Sunday, 21 Suffolk Street. New Haven, 73, New Haven, Conn. 1st and 3d Sunday, Music Hall, 117 Court Street. *Queen City, 74, Buffalo, N. Y. 1st and 3d Sunday, Buehl's Hall, corner Michigan and William Streets. *Cream City, 76, Milwaukee, Wis. 1st and 3d Sunday, 512 Chestnut Street. Monumental, 78, Baltimore, Md. 1st and 3d Sunday, 1011 E. Baltimore Street. William Penn, 79, Philadelphia, Pa. 1st and 3d Sunday, 524 N. 6th Street. *Columbia, 101, Washington, D. C. 1st and 3d Sunday, corner 5th and G Streets, N. W. *Albanian, 102, Albany, N. Y. 1st and 3d Sunday, Beaver's Block. *Utica, 103, Utica, N. Y. 1st and 3d Sunday, Odd Fellows' Temple. Nehemia Landau, 107, New York. 1st and 3d Sunday, 145 Suffolk Street. *Hamilton, 111, Cincinnati, Ohio. 1st and 3d Sunday, Western Hall, corner Wade Street and Central Avenue. California, 113, San Francisco, Cal. 1st and 3d Sunday, 120 O'Farrell Street. *Meyerbeer, 115, Greenpoint, L. I. 1st and 3d Sunday, 2.30 p. m., 403 Manhattan Avenue, corner Java Street. Lebanon, 117, Brooklyn, N. Y. 1st and 3d Sunday, 112 and 114 Graham Avenue. *Hudson, 120, Hoboken, N. J. 1st and 3d Sunday, 3 p. m., Eussack's Hall, 100 Bloomfield Street. *Morning Star, 125, Pittsburg, Pa. 1st and 3d Sunday, 20 Fifth Avenue. Star of the West, 126, St. Louis, Mo. 1st and 3d Sunday, 11th and Franklyn Avenue. *Benjamin Franklin, 128, Minneapolis, Minn. Every 3d Sun- day, Alexander's Hall. *Parlor City, 129, Binghamton, N. Y. 1st and 3d Sunday, 157 Water Street. INDEPENDENT ORDEB SONS OF BENJAMIN 93 Bayonne City, 130, Bayonne City, N. J. 1st and 3d Sunday, Germania Hall, 421 Avenue D. *Aaron, 132, Detroit, Mich. Every alternate Sunday, SG Catharine Street. *St. Paul City, 133, St. Paul, Minn. Every 1st Sunday in the month, at 3 p. m., Central Odd Fellows' Hall, 75 W. 7th Street. *Great Western, 135, Kansas City, Mo. 1st and 3d Sunday, Odd Fellows' Hall. Gabriel Hirsch, 136, Chicago, 111. 1st and 3d Sunday, 83 and 85 E. Madison Street. Israel's Alliance, 138, Chicago, 111. 1st and 3d Sunday, 188 Blue Island Avenue. Jeshurun, 140, Cincinnati, Ohio. 1st and 3d Sunday, S. E. corner 9th and Plum Streets. *Commonwealth, 141, Springfield, Mass. 1st and 3d Sunday, Kedmen's Hall. Bangor, 143, Bangor, Maine. 1st and 3d Sunday, Beth Israel Hall, Centre Street. Franz Joseph, 145, Montreal, Canada. 1st and 3d Sunday, 10 a. m., 1863 Notre Dame Street. American Star, 147, Minneapolis, Minn. Every Sunday, Alex- ander's Hall. Fall River, 152, Fall River, Mass. 1st and 3d Sunday, Troy Building. *Buffalo, 153, Buffalo, N. Y. 1st and 3d Sunday, Bick's Hall, 415 Clinton Street. Columbus City, 156, Columbus, Ohio. 1st and 3d Sunday, corner 4th and Mound Streets. Electric City, 157, Scranton, Pa. 1st and 3d Sunday, 117 Wyoming Avenue. *Wilkes-Barre, 158, Wilkes-Barre, Pa. 1st and 3d Sunday, 10 a. m., Odd Fellows' Hall, 11 S. Main Street, *Toledo, 160, Toledo, Ohio. 1st and 3d Sunday, Curtiss Hall, corner Adams Street. *Justice, 167, Kansas City, Kansas. 1st and 3d Sunday, 200 N. James Street. Baron de Hirsch, 171, Denver, Col. 1st and 3d Sunday, 1640 Larimer Street. Long Island, 13, Brooklyn, N. Y. 2d and 4th Sunday, 196 State Street, Moses, 16, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday, 257 E. Houston Street. New York, 17, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday, Terrace Garden, Doric Room, 155 E. 58th Street. Progress, 19, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday, 12 E. 8th Street. Abraham Lincoln, 20, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday, Peper's Casino, 201 and 203 E. 67th Street, corner 3d Avenue. 94 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

Metropolitan, 21, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday, Mozart Hall, 328 E. 86th Street. *Moses Montefiore, 23, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday, Harlem Lyceum, corner 107th Street and 3d Avenue. Sinai, 25, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday, 142 E. 4th Street. *Ernst Kaufman, 27, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday, 139 E. 59th Street. Sherpcer, 30, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday, 236 Broome Street. Akiba Eger, 37, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday, 98 Forsyth Street. *Flour City, 40, Rochester, N. Y. 2d and 4th Sunday, 128 St. Joseph Street. *Baron, 41, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday, Circle Hall, 58th Street and 8th Avenue. *Ruben, 42, Syracuse, N. Y. 2d and 4th Sunday, Freeman's Hall. *Worcester, 47, Worcester, Mass. Every 4th Sunday, Common- wealth Hall, 566 Main Street. Nathan, 48, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday, 165 E. Broadway. Philadelphia, 53, Philadelphia, Pa. 2d and 4th Sunday, 238 Pine Street. *Judah Touro, 59, Providence, R. I. Every 4th Sunday in the month, Foster and Friendship Streets. Abraham, 62, Providence, R. I. 2d and 4th Sunday, 98 Wey- bosset Street. *Lake Erie, 63, Erie, Pa. Every alternate Sunday, 720 State Street, Jecheskel, 70, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday, 200 E. Broadway. *Garden City, 75, Chicago, 111. 2d and 4th Sunday, 3 p. m., 255 S. Halstead Street. *Shakespeare, 77, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday," 66 Essex- Street. *Don Abarbanel, 85, Bradford, Pa, 2d and 4th Sunday, Malta Hall. *Stephen Girard, 86, Philadelphia, Pa. 2d and 4th Sunday, 640 N. 6th Street. Atlantic, 89, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday, Bohemian National Hall, 321 to 325 E. 73d Street. *Victoria, 92, Montreal, Canada. 2d and 4th Sunday, 251 St. James Street. *Liberty, 93, Boston, Mass. 2d and 4th Sunday, Dover and Washington Streets. *Adolph Huebsch, 94, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday, Bloom- ing-dale's Annex, 164-170 E. 60th Street. *Maryland, 96, Baltimore. Md. 2d and 4th Sunday, 2 p. m., Covenant Hall, S. E. corner Lexington and Howard Streets. INDEPENDENT ORDER SONS OF BENJAMIN 95 *Detroit, 97, Detroit, Mich. Every alternate Sunday, Pythian Castle, 58 Catharine Street. *Centennial, 100, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday, 1534 Third Avenue. *Hartford, 108, Hartford, Conn. 2d and 4th Sunday, 2.30 p. m., 3 Pratt Street. *Pittsburg, 110, Pittsburgh Pa. 2d and 4th Sunday, corner Fifth Avenue and Market Street. Missouri True Friends, 112, St. Louis, Mo. 2d and 4th Sunday, Harugari Hall, 10th and Carr Streets. *Kings County, 114, Brooklyn, N. Y. 2d and 4th Sunday, 3 p. m., 635 Third Avenue. *Kansas City, 118, Kansas City, Mo. 2d and 4th Sunday, 1013 Walnut Street. *Denver, 119, Denver, Col. 2d and 4th Sunday, Odd Fellows' Hall, 1449 Larimer Street. *Newburgh, 121, Newburgh, N. Y. 2d and 4th Sunday, 10 a. m., Second and Water Streets. *Americus, 122, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday, 8 p. m., 2009 3d Avenue. Cuyahoga, 123, Cleveland, Ohio. 2d and 4th Sunday, Arch's Hall, Ontario Street. *District, 124, Washington, D. C. 2d and 4th Sunday, Society Temple, corner 5th and G Streets N. W. *Forest City, 127, Cleveland, Ohio. Every alternate Sunday, Blahd and Heller's Hall, 374 Ontario Street. Phoenix, 131, Bridgeport, Conn. 2d and 4th Sunday, 2 p. m., Franklin's Block, State Street. Dr. Nathan Adler, 137, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday, 151 Bowery. Ascher, 148, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday, Ruppiner Hall, 70 E. 4th Street. *Massachusetts, 150, Boston, Mass. 2d and 4th Sunday, Bald- win Hall, Baldwin Place. *Cincinnati, 151, Cincinnati, Ohio. 2d and 4th Sunday, 2 p. m., N. W. corner 5th and Central Avenues. *Spinoza, 154, Brooklyn, N. Y. 2d and 4th Sunday, 8 p. m., Odd Fellows' Hall, 1245 Greene Avenue. *Aberdeen, 159, Montreal, Canada. 2d and 4th Sunday, Odd Fellows' Hall. *Midland, 162, Kansas City, Mo. 2d and 4th Sunday, K. of P. Hall, 630 Main Street. *Ithaca, 165, Ithaca, N. Y. Every 2d Sunday in the month, Lyceum Opera House. Fraternity, 166, Dayton, Ohio. 2d and 4th Sunday, corner Pearl and Wayne Avenue. 96 AMEBICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

*Indiana, 169, Indianapolis, Ind. 2d and 4th Sunday, 27 S. Delaware Street. Alphons, 170, Chicago, 111. 2d and 4th Sunday, corner Division and Robey Streets. Western Pride, 176, Kansas City, Missouri. Every 1st Sunday, 1015 Walnut Street. Clay City, 177, Zanesville, Ohio. 2d and 4th Sunday, Rechabite Hall, Fifth Street, Isachar, 10, New York. 1st and 3d Monday, Temple Gates of Hope, 115 E. 86th Street. Star of Israel, 69, New York. 1st and 3d Monday, 200 E. Broadway. Berthold Auerbach, 81, New York. 1st and 3d Monday, Cafe Logeling, 237-241 E. 57th Street. Franz Deak, 87, New York. 1st and 3d Monday, 114 Cannon Street. *Pacific, 134, San Francisco, Cal. 1st and 3d Monday, 120 O'Farrell Street. *Gustav Blum, 7, New York. 2d and 4th Monday, Peper's Casino, 203 E. 67th Street. Ohio, 36, Cleveland, Ohio. Every Monday, 354 Ontario Street. *Chicago, 52, Chicago, 111. 2d and 4th Monday, Crystal Hall, 83-85 Madison Street. *Jonathan, 91, Cleveland", Ohio. 2d and 4th Monday, Blahd and Heller's Hall, Ontario Street. Joseph Cukor, 172, New York. 2d and 4th Monday, Liberty Hall, 257 E. Houston Street. Raphael, 2, New York. 1st and 3d Tuesday, 257 E. Houston Street. Elieser, 3, New York. 1st and 3d Tuesday, 257 E. Houston Street. Mordechai, 39, Boston, Mass. 1st and 3d Tuesday, Gray Stone Hall, 1125 Washington Street. Yorkville, 61, New York. 1st and 3d Tuesday, Bloomingdale's Annex, 164-170 E. 60th Street. *Empire City, 88, New York. 1st and 3d Tuesday, 1915 Third Avenue, Central Hall. Josua, 90, New York. 1st and 3d Tuesday, 200 E. Broadway. *Richmond, 164, Richmond, Va. 1st and 3d Tuesday, 1561 E. Main Street. *Golden Gate, 175, San Francisco, Cal. 1st and 3d Tuesday, 120 O'Farrell Street. Wlozlawker, 5, New York. 2d and 4th Tuesday, Liberty Hall, 257 E. Houston Street. Washington, 11, Newark, N. J. Every 2d Tuesday, 224 Court Street. INDEPENDENT ORDER SONS OF BENJAMIN 97

Hanover, 29, New York. 2d and 4th Tuesday, 160 E. 86th Street. Joseph, 45, New York. 2d and 4th Tuesday, Liberty Hall, 257 E. Houston Street. Schiller, 51, New York. 2d and 4th Tuesday, Florence Build- ing1, corner 1st Street and 2d Avenue. *Boston, 80, Boston, Mass. 2d and 4th Tuesday, United Fel- lowship Hall, 16 Union Park Street. Independent, 99, New York. 2d and 4th Tuesday, 73 Ludlow Street. Eduard Wertheimer, 105, New York. 2d and 4th Tuesday, Centennial Hall, 328 E. Houston Street. Roumania, 106, New York. 2d and 4th Tuesday, 98 Forsyth Street. *Excelsior, 15, Newark, N. J. 1st and 3d Wednesday, 1 Broome Street. Illinois, 55, Chicago, 111. Every 3d Wednesday, Hooley's Theatre, 149 E. Randolph Street. Rappaport, 83, New York. 1st and 3d Wednesday, 142 Delancey Street. *Lynn City, 174, Lynn, Mass. 1st and 3d Wednesday, Benev- olent Hall, 120 Market Street. Max Cahn, 14 New York. 2d and 4th Wednesday, 139 E. 59th Street. *Maccabee, 49, Brooklyn, N. Y. 2d and 4th Wednesday, corner Grand and Graham Avenues. *Bay State, 56, Boston, Mass. 2d and 4th Wednesday, Eagle Hall, 616 Washington Street. Jefferson, 109, New York. Every 3d Wednesday, Liberty Hall, 257 E. Houston Street. San Francisco. 173, San Francisco, Cal. 2d and 4th Wednesday, Bnai Brith Building-. Freedom, 178, Philadelphia, Pa. 2d and 4th Wednesday, S. E. corner 5th and Thompson Streets. Jehuda, 8, New York. 1st and 3d Thursday, Florence Build- ing1, Room 4, corner 1st Street and 2d Avenue. Daniel Webster, 9, New York. 1st and 3d Thursday, Liberty Hall, 257 E. Houston Street. Manhattan, 12, New York. 1st and 3d Thursday, 328 E. Hous- ton Street. Standard, 54, New York. 1st and 3d Thursday, Florence Hall, corner Second Avenue and First Street. Levy, 65, New York. 1st and 3d Thursday, 125 Rivington Street. *Eduard Lasker, 82, New York. 1st and 3d Thursday, Flor- ence Hall, corner 2d Avenue and First Street. 7 98 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK Abraham Geiger, 98, New York. 1st and 3d Thursday, 77 to 79 Essex Street. Benjamin, 1, New York. 2d and 4th Thursday, 77 to 79 Essex Street. Pennsylvania, 67, Philadelphia, Pa. 2d and 4th Thursday, Covenant Hall, 640 N. 6th Street. *United States, 72, New York. 2d and 4th Thursday, Florence Hall, First Street and Second Avenue. Moses Mendelson, 34, New York. 1st and 3d Saturday, 257 E. Houston Street. Eitz Chajim, 46, New York. 2d and 4th Saturday, 257 E. Hous- ton Street. Jacob, 68, New York. 2d and 4th Saturday, 200 E. Broadway. Zion, 84, New York. 2d and 4th Saturday, 257 E. Houston Street.

LADIES' LODGES Toechter Benjamin, 1, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday, 3 p. m., Florence Hall, First Street and Second Avenue. Esther, 2, New York. 1st and 3d Tuesday, Liberty Hall, 257 E. Houston Street. Martha Washington, 3, Newark, N. J. 1st and 3d Sunday, 3 p. m.( 100 Market Street. Eva, 4, Boston, Mass. Every 2d Sunday, 514 Tremont Street. Leah, 5, New York. 1st and 3d Sunday, 3 p. m., Odd Fellows' Hall, 67 E. 8th Street. *Lady Judith, 6, Brooklyn, N. Y. Every 4th Sunday, 3 p. m., Joppa Building, Court and Joralemon Streets. Miriam, 8, New York. Every 4th Sunday, 3 p. m., Cafe Loge- ling, 237 E. 57th Street. *Mamie, 9, Brooklyn, E. D. Every 1st Sunday, 3 p. m., Military Hall, corner 2d and Scholes Street. *Deborah, 10, Baltimore, Md. 1st and 3d Sunday, 3 p. m., I. O. M. Hall, 630 W. Baltimore Street. Lady Monteflore, 13, Chicago, 111. Every 3d Sunday, 121 Miller Street. *Daughters of Ruth, 14, New York. Every 2d Sunday, Maen- nerchor Hall, 205 E. 56th Street. *Kings Daughters of Rebecca. 16, Buffalo, N. Y. 1st and 3d Sunday, Buchel Hall, William and Michigan Streets. Rebecca, 17, Philadelphia, Pa. 1st and 3d Sunday, 608 Girard Avenue. Sarah, 18, New York. 2d and 4th Sunday, 4 p. m., Ruppiner Hall, 70 E. 4th Street. *Rachel, 19, Washington, D. C. Every 2d Sunday in the month, 904 Pennsylvania Avenue N. W. ORTHODOX JEWISH CONGREGATIONAL UNION 99

*Wyomiiig Valley, 20, Wilkes-Barre, Pa. Every 2d Sunday in the month, Odd Fellows' Hall, 11 S. Main Street. Treue Schwestern, 21, Cincinnati, Ohio. 2d and 4th Sunday, 7.30 p. m., corner Wade and Central Avenue. *Lady Midland, 22, Kansas City, Mo. Every 1st Sunday, N. E. corner 7th and Main Streets. *Princess of Wales, 23, Montreal, Canada. Every 4th Sunday, Odd Fellows' Hall, 251 St. James Street. Astor Ladies, 24, Cleveland, Ohio. 2d and 4th Sunday, Blahd and Heller's Hall, Ontario Street. *Harmony, 25, Pittsburg, Pa. Every 4th Sunday, 20 Fifth Avenue. *Minerva, 26, San Francisco, Cal. 2d and 4th Sunday, 120 O'Farrell Street. *Lady Progressive, 27, Cincinnati, Ohio. 1st and 3d Sunday, 14th and Central Avenue. *Naomi, 28, Providence, R. I. 4th Sunday, 643 Main Street. *Friendship Ladies', 29, Washington, D. C. 4th Sunday, Society Temple, corner 5th and G Streets, N. W.

THE ORTHODOX JEWISH CONGREGATIONAL UNION OF AMERICA A convention of Orthodox Congregations met in New York, Wednesday, June 8, 1898. Lewis N. Dembitz, Esq., was called to the chair, and Mr. D. Levine acted as secretary; fifty Congrega- tions were represented. The following provisional officers were elected: President, Rev. Dr. H. Pereira Mendes; Vice-Presidents, Dr. P. Klein, Rev. Meldola de Sola, Rev. Dr. H. W. Schneeberger, Mr. K. H. Sarasohn; Secretaries, for English, Max Cohen, for Hebrew, I. Buchhalter. A resolution favoring Zionism was adopted. A resolution was passed making the Orthodox Jewish Congre- gations in America an established society. The principles of the convention adopted are as follows: " This Conference of delegates from Jewish congregations in the United States and the Dominion of Canada is convened to advance the interests of positive Biblical, Rabbinical and His- torical Judaism. " We are assembled not as a synod, and, therefore, we have no legislative authority to amend religious questions, but as a representative body, which by organization and co-operation will endeavor to advance the interests of Judaism in America. " We favor the convening of a Jewish Synod specifically authorized by congregations to meet, to be composed of men who must be certified Rabbis, and 100 AMEKICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

a) Elders in official position (Cf. Numbers xi. 16); 6) Men of wisdom and understanding1, and known amongst us (Cf. Deut. i. 13); c) Able men, God-fearing men, men of truth, hating profit (Cf. Exodus xviii. 21). " We believe in the Divine revelation of the Bible, and we declare that the prophets in no way discountenanced ceremonial duty, but only condemned the personal life of those who ob- served ceremonial law, but disregarded the moral. Ceremonial law is not optative; it is obligatory. " We affirm our adherence to the acknowledged codes of our Rabbis and the thirteen principles of Maimonides. " We believe that in our dispersion we are to be united with our brethren of alien faith in all that devolves upon men as citizens; but that religiously, in rites, ceremonies, ideals and doctrines, we are separate, and must remain separate in accordance 'with the Divine declaration: ' I have separated you from the nations to be Mine.' (Lev. xx. 26.) " And further, to prevent misunderstanding concerning Juda- ism, we reaffirm our belief in the coming of a personal Messiah and we protest against the admission of proselytes into the fold of Judaism without millah and tebilah. " We protest against intermarriage between Jew and Gentile; we protest against the idea that we are merely a religious sect, and maintain that we are a nation, though temporarily without a national home, and " Furthermore, that the restoration to Zion is the legitimate aspiration of scattered Israel, in no way conflicting with our loyalty to the land in which we dwell or may dwell at any time." The following are extracts from the Constitution: The organization shall be known as the Orthodox Jewish Congregational Union of America. The objects of this organization shall be the promotion of the religious interests of the Jews in America, and the maintenance of the welfare of Orthodox Jewish Congregations in America. All Orthodox Jewish Congregations in America shall be eligible to membership and entitled to representation in the meetings of the Union, on application for membership to the executive committee. All questions of Orthodoxy in connection with the admission of members shall be conclusively acted upon by a sub-committee of five rabbis, to be appointed by the executive committee; said rabbis to be members of the conference. The Union shall hold a regular annual meeting at such time and place as shall be designated by the preceding meeting. Special meetings of the Union may be called at any other time and place on the call of the executive committee, on the written request of at least ten congregations of the Union. ORTHODOX JEWISH CONGREGATIONAL UNION 101

Each congregation affiliated with the Union shall pay as annual dues, in the following manner: congregations having fifty members or under, $5; congregations having over fifty members, $10. This constitution may be amended by a vote of two-thirds of the delegates present at two successive meetings of the Union. Addresses were delivered by Lewis N. Dembitz, Esq.; Dr. Schaffer, of Baltimore; Rev. Meldola de Sola, of Montreal; Rev. Dr. H. Pereira Mendes, of New York; and Rev. Dr. Joseph H. Hertz (now of Johannesburg, South Africa). The conference organized itself permanently by the adoption of the following resolution: Resolved, That the representatives of the Orthodox Jewish Congregations in America, assembled in conference in the city of New York, this 18th day of Sivan, in the year 5658, hereby express their sense of the need of the formation and maintenance of a permanent organization of the Orthodox Jewish Congregations in America to promote the religious interests of the Jews in America and to further the welfare of the Orthodox Congregations in America, and said representatives hereby agree to organize and do organize, the Orthodox Jewish Congrega- tional Union of America; to formulate and adopt a constitution for the government of said Union; and to elect the officers- to be provided for by said constitution. And to adopt as the religious principles of the Orthodox Jew- ish Congregational Union of America, the declaration of principles adopted by the Conference on the 18th day of Sivan, 5658, and the said principles shall never be changed as long as three congregations shall adhere to them. Permanent officers were elected as follows: President, Dr. H. Pereira Mendes; First Vice-President, L. N. Dembitz, Esq., of Louisville, Ky.; Second Vice-President, S. Solis Cohen, M. D., of Philadelphia; Third Vice-President, Dr. A. Friedenwald, M. D., of Baltimore; Fourth Vice-President, K. H. Sarasohn, of New York City; Treasurer, Jacob Hecht, of New York City; Secre- taries,. Rev. Dr. Drachman and Max Cohen; Trustees: Rev. Dr. Mendes, Rev. Dr. Klein, Rev. Dr. De Sola, Rev. Dr. Schaffer, Rabbi Bachrach, Rev. Dr. Drachman, Rev. Dr. J. H. Hertz, Rev. Dr. Schneeberger, L. N. Dembitz, Dr. A. Friedenwald, S. M. Roeder, Joseph Blumenthal, Dr. Cyrus Adler, Dr. S. Solis Cohen, K. H. Sarasohn, Jacob Hecht, L. Napoleon Levy, J. Silverman, Max Cohen, Isaac Lass and Max Deutschman. These resolutions were adopted: That in all towns where the number of congregations war- rants, a local Union be formed, each congregation to be represented by the rabbi or minister, the president and one other lay delegate. The said local Union shall organize as they deem best. 102 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAE BOOK

The objects of the said local Union shall be: 1st. To strengthen congregational life but not to interfere in congregational autonomy. 2d. To advance the interests of the local Judaism by the appointment of any of the following committees or others as may be deemed necessary: Congregational membership; civil legislation; committee on Jewish presentations; city religious work (mission, circuit preaching); committee appointed to devise uniform methods in Hebrew and religious schools; Union to send out rabbis for propaganda under the direction of the Executive Committee.

THE UNION OF AMERICAN HEBREW CONGREGATIONS Founded July 10, 1873. Officers: President, Julius Freiberg; Vice-President, Samuel Woolner; Treasurer, Louis Krohn; Secretary, Lipman Levy. Executive Board: Isaac W. Bernheim, 135 W. Main Street, Louisville, Ky.; Bernhard Bettmann, Government Building, Cin- cinnati, O.; Josiah Cohen, 427 Diamond Street, Pittsburg, Pa.; Nathan Drucker, 901 Broadway, Cincinnati, O.; Jacob H. Fleisch, 56 Broadway, New York City; Moses Fraley, 108 N. Third Street, St. Louis, Mo.; Julius Freiberg (President), 216 E. Front Street, Cincinnati, O.; William Goodheart, 2945 Gilbert Avenue, Cin- cinnati, O.; Samuel B. Hamburger, 141 Broadway, New York City; Samuel Heavenrich, 111 Jefferson Avenue, Detroit, Mich.; Lewis Heinsheimer, 10 E. Third Street, Cincinnati, O.; Joseph Hirsch, 264 Marietta Street, Atlanta, Ga.; Albert F. Hochstadter, 49 Lafayette Place, New York City; Louis Krohn (Treasurer), 2902 Gilbert Avenue, Cincinnati, O.; Max Landauer, corner E. Water and Chicago Streets, Milwaukee, Wis.; Sigmund Levyn, 346 Main Street, Buffalo, N. Y.; Moritz Loth, 130 Huntingdon Place, Cincinnati, O.; Julius Straus, 1004 E. Main Street, Rich- mond, Va.; Morris Newburger, 714 Market Street, Philadelphia, Pa.; Jacob Ottenheimer, 533 Walnut Street, Cincinnati, O.; S. W. Rosendale, 57 State Street, Albany, N. Y.; Jacob H. Schiff, 27 Pine Street, New York City; Alfred Seasongood, 15 E. Third Street, Cincinnati, O.; Lazarus Silverman, 261 Dearborn Street, Chicago, 111.; Isaac Strouse, corner Lombard and Paca Streets, Baltimore, Md.; Morris Ullman, 154 Sheriff Street, Cleveland, O.; Julius Weis, 817 Gravier Street, New Orleans, La.; Emanuel Wertheimer, 123 First Avenue, Pittsburg, Pa.; Julius M. Wile, Rochester, N. Y.; Samuel Woolner (Vice-President), 317 Perry Avenue, Peoria, 111. Secretary, Lipman Levy, Chamber of Commerce Building, Cincinnati, O.; Assistant Secretary, David M. Levy, Chamber of Commerce Building, Cincinnati, O. AMERICAN HEBREW CONGREGATIONS 103 Members: 90 Congregations, comprising- 8418 contributing members. Annual income, $25,000. Board meeting June and December. Organization meets third Tuesday in January biennially; next meeting, 1901. Objects: A.—To establish and maintain institutions for instruction in the higher branches of Hebrew literature and Jew- ish theology, with the necessary preparatory schools in such cities as may hereafter be designated. B.—To establish relations with kindred organizations in other parts of the world, for the relief of the Jews from political oppression, and for rendering them such aid for their intellectual elevation as may be within reach of this Union. C.—To promote the religious instruction of the young by the training of competent teachers, and generally encourage the study of the Scriptures and of the tenets and history of Judaism. All this, however, without interfering in any manner what- soever with the worship, the schools, or any other of the congregational institutions. The Sixteenth Council of the Union-was held in Richmond, Va., December 6, 1898. The President delivered an annual address and reports of the Secretary, Treasurer, Examining Com- mittee, Board of Governors of Hebrew Union College, Librarian, Board of Delegates on Civil and Religious Rights, Committee on Circuit Preaching and Hebrew Sabbath School Union were presented. The report of the Committee on Circuit Preaching showed that 122 visits had been made, covering 17 States and 47 towns; 7 Sabbath Schools and 2 Congregations were organized; 20 Rabbis participated in the work. The Honorable Simon Wolf delivered the oration. The following resolution in relation to Zionism was adopted: " While we are aware of and deplore the abject conditions to which many of our brethren are subjected in foreign lands, and which have naturally, but unfortunately, aroused in some of them a yearning for a re-establishment in Zion, yet we delegates of the Union of American Hebrew Congregations in convention assembled, in view of the active propaganda being made at present for the so-called Zionistic movement, deem it proper and necessary to put ourselves on record as follows: " We are unalterably opposed to political Zionism. The Jews are not a nation, but a religious community. Zion was a precious possession of the past, the early home of our faith, where our prophets uttered their world-enduring thoughts, and our psalmists sang their world-enchanting hymns. As such, it is a 104 AMEEICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK holy memory, but it is not our hope of the future. America is our Zion. Here, in the home of religious liberty, we have aided in founding1 this new Zion, the fruition of the beginning laid in the old. The mission of Judaism is spiritual, not political. Its aim is not to establish a State, but to spread the truths of religion and humanity throughout the world." [The Twenty-fifth Annual Report, published January, 1899, contains full details.] HEBREW UNION COLLEGE Cincinnati; Ohio. Founded October 3, 1875. Object, the education of Rabbis. Board of Governors: Rev. Dr. Henry Berkowitz, Philadelphia, Pa.; Bernhard Bettmann (President), Cincinnati, O.; Abe Bloom, Cincinnati, O.; Nathan Drucker, Cincinnati, 0.; Leopold Feiss, Cincinnati, O.; Julius Freiberg (Vice-President), Cincinnati, O.; Rev. Dr. Gustave Gottheil, New York City; Rev. Dr. Siegmund Hecht, Milwaukee, Wis.; Edward L. Heinsheimer, Cincinnati, O.; Rev. Dr. K. Kohler, New York City; Arnold Kohn, Philadelphia, Pa.; Jacob Kronacher, Cincinnati, O.; Rev. Dr. Max Landsberg, Rochester, N. Y.; Dr. Henry M. Leipziger, New York City; Louis S. Levi, Cincinnati, O.; Daniel Merz, Philadelphia, Pa.; Solms Marcus, Chicago, 111.; Emanuel Marks, Cincinnati, O.; Rev. Dr. Adolph Moses, Louisville, Ky.; Rev. Dr. David Philipson, Cincin- nati, O.; Emil Pollak, Cincinnati, O.; Rev. M. Samfield, Memphis, Tenn.; Nathan Stix, Cincinnati, O.; Samuel W. Trost, Cincinnati, O. Secretary, Isaac Bloom, Box 266, Cincinnati, O. Faculty: President, Professor of Systematic Theology, Rev. Dr. Isaac M. Wise; Professor of Talmud, M. Mielziner, Ph. D.; Pro- fessor of Homiletics, David Philipson, D. D.; Professor of History, G. Deutsch, Ph.D.; Professor of Ethics, L. Grossman, D. D.; Professor of Philosophy, E. Feldman; Assistant Professor of Biblical Exegesis, S. Mannheimer; Assistant Professor of Exe- gesis, C. Levias; Assistant Professor of Biblical Exegesis, M. Buttenwieser, Ph. D. Annual income, about $21,000. Board meeting, last Tuesday of the month. Graduates, 65, six (6) of whom were graduated at the last commencement, held June 16, 1899. DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 105

DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS*

AXABAMA Anniston [TEMPLE] BETH-EL, Quintard Avenue and 13th Street. Founded September, 1893. Reader, A. Sterne. Officers: President, S. J. Rund; Vice-President, C. Smith; Secre- tary, N. L. Myerson; Treasurer, A. Adler. Trustees: M. Markstein, L. Ullman. Members, 13. Services, Fri- day evening. Religious School, Sunday. Pupils, 20; Superintendent and four teachers. Annual income, $120. Birmingham *BIRMINGHAM HEBKEW RELIEF SOCIETT. Meets at Commer- cial Club Building. President, B. Bloch; Secretary, E. Gusfleld. Directors: E. Bloch, E. Gusfield, J. Beitman, L. W. Friedman, Gus. Rotholz. [CONGREGATION] EMANU-EL, 5th Avenue, corner 17th Street. Rabbi, Morris Newfeld; Officers: President, B. Steiner; Vice-President, M. V. Joseph; Treasurer, Ben M. Jacobs; Secretary, E. Gusfleld. Board of Trustees: Samuel M. Adler, E. Bloch, Jacob Fies, Herman Saks, Emil Lesser, Gustave Rotholz. Members, 150. Services: Friday, 8 p.m.; Saturday, 10 a.m. Annual income, about $4000. Board meeting once a month. Congregation meets annually, during August. [CONGREGATION] KNESETH ISRAEL, 22d Street and 6th Avenue. Rabbi, M. Grossberg, 2321 4th Avenue. Officers: Presi- dent, M. Greenman; Vice-President, H. Cooper; Secre- tary, M. Wolf. Board of Trustees: J. Minisman and Malper. Board meets first Sunday each month. Mem- bers, 60. Services: Friday, 7 p.m.; Saturday, 8.30 a.m. Religious School, from 2.30 p. m. until 4.30 p. m. each day. Annual income, $1500. 1 * indicates that the information is derived from unofficial sources. When Congregation, Temple, Kahal Kadosh (with its abbreviation and its variations), Ghebra. Chebra Kadisha, or Cemetery, is prefixed to the name of an organization, it is bracketed, and not taken into consideration in the alpha- betical arrangement. The transliteration of Hebrew names is that officially employed by the organizations themselves. 106 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK Demopolis [CONGREGATION] B'NAI JESHDEUN. Founded August, 1887. Rabbi, Lewis Mayer. President, Morris Mayer. Trus- tees: M. Ely, Wm. Morris, E. W. Weiss. Board meeting first Sunday of the month. Members, 40. Services: Friday, 8 p.m.; Saturday, 10 a.m. Religious School: Sunday, 9.30 to 11.30 a. m. Pupils, 30. Annual income, $750. Huntsville [CONGREGATION] B'NAI SHOLOM. Founded 1850. Rabbi, Na- than Michnic. Officers and Board of Trustees: Isaac Schiffman, Herman Weil, Oscar Goldsmith, Henry Low- enthal, Gus Marx. Members, 36. Services, Friday evening and Saturday morning. Religious School, Sunday morning. Pupils, 32. Annual income, $3000. Auxiliary Societies: Ladies' Temple Aid Society, Huntsville Jewish Benevolent Society, Little Helpers, Jewish Library So- ciety, and Bible Class Society. A new synagogue is about to be dedicated, free of debt, and without any outside aid. Mobile HEBREW LADIES' SEWING SOCIETY. Founded October 26, 1883. Officers: President, Mrs. Rosa Bauer; Secretary, Mrs. Bertha R. Levy; Treasurer, S. Richard. Board of Trustees: Mrs. L. Hammel, Mrs. A. H. Spira, Mrs. S. Haas. Members, 53. Annual income, $106. Board meeting second Wednesday in January. Organization meets October 26th. Object: To sew and furnish garments for the Jewish Orphans' Home of New Orleans, La. *JEWISH CEMETEKY, south side Virginia Street, west of Ma- rine Street; entrance on Virginia Street. Alexander Duplan, keeper. LADIES' HEBREW BENEVOLENT ASSOCIATION. Founded 1849. Officers: President, Mrs. B. Waldauer; Vice-President, Mrs. Bettie Haas; Treasurer, Mrs. Fannie Leinkauf; Secretary, Mrs. Fannie Goldstuker. Board of Trustees: Mrs. Tillie Hammel, Mrs. Bessie Richard, Mrs. Yetta Spira, Mrs. Hannchen Peck, Mrs. Bettie Goldsmith. Members, 75. Annual income, $524. Board meeting quarterly. Organization meets annually. Object, charity. [CONGREGATION] SHAARAI SHOMAYIM. Founded January 25, 1844. Rabbi, Tobias Schanfarber. Officers: President, DIRECTORY OP LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 107 Mobile (continued). B. Kahn; Vice-President, A. Brown; Treasurer, H. W. Leinkauf; Secretary, S. H. Solomon. Board of Trustees: L. Eichold, A. H. Spira, H. Hanaw, S. Haas, M. Forch- heimer, S. Richard, Ferdinand Forchheimer. Members, 125. Services: Friday, 7.30 p. m.; Saturday, 10 a. m. Religious School: Saturday, 9 to 10 a. m.; Sunday, 9 to 11 a. m. Pupils, 75. Annual income, $7000. Auxiliary Society, Society of the Friends of the Needy. Montgomery HEBREW LADIES' BENEVOLENT SOCIETY. Founded June 1, 1861. Officers: President, Mrs. C. J. Hausman; Vice- President, Mrs. D. Weil; Treasurer, Mrs. E. I. Cadden; Secretary, Sylvani Marks. Board of Trustees: D. Weil, J. Greil, M. Kahn. Members, 60. Annual income, $180. Object, charity. [KAHL] MONTGOMERY. Founded 1852. Rabbi, A. I. Messing, Jr. Officers: President, D. Weil; Treasurer, A. Weil; Secretary, L. Young. Trustees: M. Kahn, E. H. Justlei, L. Strauss, N. Greil, A. Uhlfelder, B. Wolff, M. Mohr. Board meeting monthly. Members, 110 (including paying and non-paying members). Services: during the winter months, Friday, 7.30 p.m.; Saturdays, 10 a.m.; summer, Friday, 8 p. m.; Saturday, 10 a. m. Religious School: October to June, Sunday, 9 a. m. to 12 m. Pupils, 130 (this includes 46 children of non-members). Annual income, about $6000. UNITED HEBREW CHARITIES. Founded February, 1882. Offi- cers: President, Ben Wolff; Vice-President, M. Mohr; Treasurer, M. Kahn; Secretary, Jacques Loeb. Board of Trustees: Mrs. Abe Weil, Mrs. C. F. Moritz, S. Zadeck, Leon Weil. Members, 80. Annual income, $240. Or- ganization meets in February, annually. Object, relief of the indigent. Selma [CONGREGATION] MISHKAN ISRAEL. Founded February 6, 1867. Rabbi, Edward S. Levy. Officers: President, S. Maas; Vice-President, M. J. Meyer. Board of Trustees: N. Kahn, I. Schwarz, B. J. Schuster, M. Leva, J. C. Adler, M. L. Stern. Board meeting first Sunday every month. Members, 85. Services: Friday, 7.30 p.m.; Saturday, 10 a. m. Religious School, 10 a. m. Pupils, 72. Annual income, $3500. Auxiliary Societies: Ladies' Hebrew Be- nevolent Society, Ladies' Aid Society, Temple Aid Soci- 108 AMEEICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

Selma {continued). ety, Children's Aid Society. The Congregation is about to erect a building on the site where the Sunday School buildings stand, adjoining the parsonage; all the prop- erty of the Congregation is sold and the proceeds are in bank to be applied to the new building, when complete to cost $18,000. Sheffield *JEWISH CEMETERY AND RELIGIOUS SCHOOL.

Uniontown [CONGREGATION] BNAI ISRAEL. Founded September, 1875. Rabbi (acting), Louis J. Adler. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, E. Cohen; Vice-President, F. Meyer; Secretary, A. E. Emol; Treasurer, M. Marx; Superin- tendent Sabbath School, Louis J. Adler; Teachers, B. Marx, E. Marx and B. Adler. Board meeting quarterly. Members, 23. Services: Friday, 8.30 p. m., and holidays. Religious School: Sunday morning, except June, July and August. Pupils, 28.

ARKANSAS Camden * [CONGREGATION] BETH EL EMETH. Rabbi, L. Meyer.

Fort Smith. UNITED HEBREW CONGREGATION. Founded October, 1891. Rabbi, Max C. Cur rick. Officers: President, A. Mayer; Vice-President, Wm. Friedberger; Treasurer, Herman Apple; Secretary, Morris Levy. Board of Trustees: Isaac Peck, Benno Stein, Simon Joel, L. Samter and Ike Apple. Members, 59. Board meeting first Monday in each month. Organization meets first Monday in April. Helena [CONGREGATION] BETH EL. Founded 1870. Officers: Presi- dent, Isaac Ehrman; Vice-President, Eli Newman; Treas- urer, Aaron Meyers; Secretary, Meyer Cook. Board meeting first Sunday in each month. Members: 12 pew owners, 14 contributing members. Annual income, $300. Services during the holidays, for which occasions one of the students of the Hebrew Union College is secured. Hot Springs [CONGREGATION] HOUSE OF ISRAEL. Founded 1877. Rabbi, F. L. Rosenthal. Officers: President, B. Gross; Vice- DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 109 Hot Springs (continued). President, E. Burgauer; Secretary, F. L. Rosenthal. Board of Trustees: G. Strauss, L. Stone, E. Roth. Members, 23. Services: Friday, 8 p.m.; Saturday, 10.30 a. m. Religious School, Sunday, 10 to 12 a. m. Pupils, 28. Annual income, $1050. Auxiliary Society: Ladies' Temple Aid Society, contributing towards maintenance of Temple. President, Mrs. H. Fellheimer; Vice-Presi- dent, Mrs. H. Cohn. Members, 26. Jonesboro *[TEMPLE] ISRAEL. Rabbi, Samuel K. Lewis. Little Bock [CONGREGATION] B'NAI ISRAEL. Rabbi, Louis Wolsey. Presi- dent, Chas. S. Stifft; Secretary, Louis M. Levy; Treas- urer, Louis Volmer. Members, 170. Board' meets first Tuesday. Services: Friday, 8 p. m.; Saturday, 10 a. m. Pine Bluff * [CONGREGATION] ANSHE EMETH. Rabbi, Jos. S. Kornfeld. Services: Friday, 8 p. m.; Saturday, 10 a. m. Texarkana *CONGBEGATION. ' CALIFORNIA Los Angeles * [CONGREGATION] B'NAI B'RITH, northeast corner 9th and S. Hope Streets. Rabbi, M. G. Solomon, 911 S. Hope Street. HEBREW BENEVOLENT SOCIETY. Founded 1860. Officers: President, B. Baruch; Vice-President, D. Gotthelf; Treasurer, L. Harris; Secretary, Victor Harris. Board of Trustees: Chairman, M. Jacoby; S. Lazard, I. Shul- man. Members, 211. Annual income, about $2000. Board meeting Mondays and Thursdays, 10.30 a. m. Objects: Assisting needy Israelites, care of the sick, burying the dead, etc. *[K'HAL] ISRAEL, McDonald Hall. Secretary, Victor Harris, 107 Hellman Block. LADIES' HEBREW BENEVOLENT SOCIETY. Founded January, 1870. Officers: President, Mrs. S. Hellman; Vice-Presi- dent, Mrs. W. T. Barnett; Treasurer, Mrs. H. Newmark; Secretary, Mrs. V. Katz, 108 E. 5th Street. Board of Trustees: Mesdames Max Mayberg, H. Susskind, M. Citron. Counsellors: M. Levy, K. Cohn. Members, 140. Board meeting Mondays and Thursdays. Organization meets first week in January and first week in July. 110 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK Oakland [CONGREGATION] BETH JACOB, Harrison Street, between 4th and 5th Streets. Founded May, 1884. Rabbi, M. S. Mendillowitz. Officers: President, A. Bercovich; Vice- President, H. B. Kotz; Treasurer, P. Bakar; Secretary, L. Zelinsky. Board of Trustees: A. B. Hershander, M. Jonas. Board meeting first Thursday of each month. Members, 40. Services, Friday evening and Saturday. Religious School, Sunday, 10 to 12 a. m. Pupils, 30. An- nual income, $400. Auxiliary Societies: Ladies' Charity Institute, Free Talmud Torah School. *CHEVBA KEDUSHA. President, L. Blumberg; Secretary, J. Samuel. *DAUGHTEBS OF ISEAEL, a benevolent association. Meetings held in vestry of synagogue. President, Mrs. R. Beel; Vice-President. Mrs. E. Bernstein; Treasurer, Mrs. Nathan Rosenberg; Secretary, Mrs. M. Beel. *FIKST HEBREW CONGREGATION, S. E. corner Castro and 13th Streets. Rabbi, M. Friedlander, 1109 Castro Street. Services: Saturday, 11 a.m.; Religious School, 10 a.m. Petaluma *[CONGBEGATION] BETH ISBAEL. Sacramento * [CONGREGATION] B'NAI ISBAEL. President, Albert Elkus; Secretary, Leon Salamon. San Diego *[CONGBEGATION] BETH ISEAEL. San Francisco *[CHEBBA] ACHIM RACHAMONIM. President, L. Ehrlich; Sec- retary, Charles Grosslicht. Meets every first Sunday. *[CHEBBA] AHABATH ZION. President, O. Moses; Secretary, J. Gans. Meets every third Sunday. *[CHEVRA] BARON DE HIRSCH. President, David Cohan; Sec- retary, S. H. Schocken. Meets first Sunday of each month. [CONGREGATION] BETH ISBAEL. Founded, 1860. Rabbi, M. S. Levy, 1359 Post Street. Officers: President, S. Pecker- man; Vice-President, M. Herzog; Treasurer, P. Fabian; Secretary, Marcus Levy. Board meeting first Tuesday of the month. Members, 200. Services: Friday, 6 p.m.; Saturday, 9 a. m. Religious School: Sunday, 9.30 to 12 DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS

San Francisco (continued). a. m.; daily, 3.30 to 5 p. m. Pupils, 350. Annual income, $18,000. Auxiliary Societies: Ladies' Endeavor Society, sustains a Religious School of 400; Pastor's Aid Society, 100 members, to assist prisoners of the Jewish faith after liberation; Sewing School for Children, Wednes- days; Alumni Association of 150. * [CONGREGATION] BETH MENACHEM STREISAND, 335-337 Minna Street. Cantor, Hyman Samuelson. President, I. Baer; Vice-President, A. M. Jacobs; Secretary, Samuel J. Levy. Services: morning and evening; Saturday at 8.30 a. m. *[CHEBRA] BIKUE CHOLIM. President, S. Levit; Secretary, A. N. Levy. Meets every first Sunday. *[CHEBRA] B'NAI ISBAEL. President, C. Samuels; Secretary, M. Elias. Meets every third Sunday. BOABD OP RELIEF I. O. B. B. The President and Vice-Presi- dent of each city lodge constitute the Board of Relief. Officers: President, I. Herzberg, 326 Pine Street; Vice- President, Gerson Nathan, 1216 Ellis Street; Treasurer, Julius Radstone, 1327% Ellis Street; Secretary, Harry Ankel, 1273 McAllister Street. Board meeting first and third Sunday each month. Members, 20. *THE CAIXIOPEAN, 1520 California Street. President, A. Bachman; Secretary, M. Blum, 217 Sansome Street; Treasurer, J. Waterman. CHEVRA KEDUSHA. President, Sophia Wiener, 305 Polk Street; Secretary, Flora Kalisky; Treasurer, Mrs. Philip Aronson. CONCOEDIA CLUB. Founded 1864. Officers: President, Leo- pold Michaels; Vice-President, H. G. W. Dinkelspiel; Treasurer, S. W. Heller; Financial Secretary, A. Lie- benthal; Recording Secretary, L. H. Cook. Meetings, third Tuesday of the month. Members, 385. Annual income, $40,000. [CONGREGATION] EMANU EL, 414 Sutter Street. Founded September, 1850. Rabbi, Dr. Jacob Voorsanger. Can- tor, Edward J. Stark. Officers: President, R. Peixotto; Vice-President, J. Greenebaum; Treasurer, Lip. Sachs; Secretary, Henry Wangenheim. Board of Directors: Julius Jacobs, A. Anspacher, Jos. Naphtaly, S. Silver- berg, S. Newman, S. W. Rosenstock and Ph. Lippitt. Board meeting first Sunday in each month. Members, 320. Services: Friday, 5.30 p.m.; Saturdays, 10 a.m. Religious School, Saturday and Sunday, 10 a. m. Pupils, 300. Annual income, $18,000. 112 AMEEICAN JEWISH YEAE BOOK

San Francisco (continued). EMANU EL SISTEBHOOD FOR PERSONAL SERVICE, 1310 Folsom Street. Founded May, 1894. Founder and Honorary President, Dr. Jacob Voorsanger. Officers: President, Mrs. Philip N. Lilienthal; Vice-Presidents, Mrs. A. A. Adler, Mrs. I. Lowenberg, Mrs. J. Voorsanger; Treas- urer, Mrs. Lewis Gerstle; Corresponding Secretary, Miss Victoria Lilienthal; Eecording Secretary, Mrs. J. M. Eothchild. Board of Trustees: Mrs. I. S. Aekerman, Mrs. J. E. Davidson, Mrs. M. Esberg, Mrs. I. W. Hellman, Mrs. Leon Sloss, Mrs. I. N. Walter, Mrs. S. Anspacher, Mrs. Chas. Colman, Mrs. L. Elkin, Mrs. J. Neustadter, Mrs. H. Wangenheim, Mrs. L. P. Wiel, Mrs. L. Dreyfus. Members, 450. Annual income, $4000. Board meeting first Wednesday of the month. Organization meets third Thursday in March. Objects, philanthropic. Aux- iliary Society: Columbia Park Boys' Club, 318 7th Street. Organized 1896. Delegate from the Sisterhood, Mrs. Chas. Colman; President, Albert W. Bender; Secre- tary, Miss L. D. Goldstein; Director, Sidney D. Peixotto. EUREKA BENEVOLENT ASSOCIATION, 105 Stockton Street. Founded October 2, 1850. Officers: President, Charles Hirsch; Vice-President, Sam. W. Heller; Treasurer, Al- bert Meyer; Secretary, Meyer H. Levy. Board of Trus- tees: A. Anspacher, Herman Levy, Juda Newman, S. W. Eosenstoek, Sig. Schwabacher, Henry Sinsheimer. Members, 845. Income for last year $14,907.08 for Gen- eral Fund, $9480.24 for Widow and Orphan Fund. Board meeting monthly. Organization meets yearly, in De- cember. A mutual benefit association, sustained by dues and interest on capital of $130,000. FIRST HEBREW BENEVOLENT SOCIETY, 121 Eddy Street. Founded 1850. Officers: President, M. Goldwater; Vice- President, B. L. Brandt; Treasurer, N. Stern; Secretary, S. Zekind, 6 Sutter Street. Board of Trustees: Alex. L. Badt, M. H. Lichtenstein, James M. Ellis, H. Kramer, I. J. Ashheim. Members, 242. Annual income, $3600. Board meeting Thursday of each week. Organization meets January. Since January 1, 1899, bequests amounting to $2305 and donations amounting to $1250 have been received. *[CHEVRA] GEMILUS CHASODIM. President, Mr. J. Cohn, 1036 Howard Street; Vice-President, A. M. Jacobs; Treas- urer, Sol. Lichtenstein. Eegular meetings of the Chevra are held on the third Sunday of each month at 2 p. m. at the Mission Street Synagogue. The Loan Committee meets every Sunday morning at the Synagogue. DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS H3

San Francisco (continued). HEBREW HOME FOB A«ED DISABLED, 507 Lombard Street. Tounded October 5, 1889. Superintendent and Matron, Mr. and Mrs. A. Scott. Directors: H. Lewis, H. Olcovich, I. D. Martin, I. Moss. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, Samuel Polack; Vice-President, P. Abraham- son; Treasurer, P. Fabian; Secretaries, Mrs. M. Kaskell, 937 Jackson Street, and Miss A. Levy. Board meeting second and fourth Monday evening's in each month. Members, 500. Annual income, about $3000. * [CEMETERY] HILLS OF ETERNITY, San Mateo County. Office at the Congregation Sherith Israel, N. E. corner Post and Taylor Streets. *[CEMETEKY] HOME, OF PEACE, San Mateo County. Office at Temple Emanu-El, 414 Sutter Street. Superintendent, J. W. Stobener. •I. O. B. B. LIBRARY, 121 Eddy Street. Chairman, H. Enkle; Secretary, I. J. Aschheim; Treasurer, W. Wise; Libra- rian, S. W. Lipman. Open daily from 10 to 12 a. m., 1 to 5, and 7 to 9 p. m.; Saturdays until 1 p. m.; Sundays, 9 to 12 a. m. Closed on legal and Jewish holidays. ISRAOTJTISCHER FRAUEN VEBEIN (HEBREW LADIES' BENEVO- LENT ASSOCIATION), 105 Stockton Street. Founded August 12, 1855. Officers: President, Mrs. Henry Wang- enheim; Vice-President, Mrs. Sarah Eppstein; Treasurer, Mrs. Sol. Wangenheim; Secretary, Meyer H. Levy. Board of Trustees: Mrs. Joseph Ehrman, Mrs. Louis Goodman, Mrs. Geo. Greenzweig, Mrs. F. A. Haber, Mrs. Hugo Rothschild, Mrs. Henry Sinsheimer. Members, 349. Income for last year $8559.71. Board meeting monthly. Organization meets in January. THE JEWISH ALLIANCE OF CALIFORNIA AND THE LADIES' AUXILIARY JEWISH ALLIANCE OF CALIFORNIA, 1310 Fol- som Street. Founded December, 1891—February, 1892. Officers: President, P. N. Lilienthal; Treasurer, B. Sheideman; President, Mrs. D. N. Walter; Treasurer, Mrs. I. W. Hellman; General Secretary, Mr. Isaiah Choynski. Board of Relief: Messrs. A. Anspacher, chairman, I. W. Goldman, A. Kutner, Herman Levy, Samuel Polack, Mmes. A. A. Adler, A. Brown, M. S. Grinbaum, W. Hirschfeld, L. Loupe, Ignatz Steinhardt, D. N. Walter. Members, 1500. Present income, interest on surplus funds. Objects: Aid and educate refugees, driven from their homes, who land in San Francisco. Refugees have not arrived here of late years. The 114 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAE BOOK

San Francisco (continued). Society still looks after the •welfare of former refugees who are aged, feeble or unfortunate. *LADIES' UNITED HEBREW BENEVOLENT SOCIETY. Established 1855. Object, to assist sick and needy women of the Jewish faith. Managed by a board of lady officers and an advisory board of three gentlemen. President, Mrs. J. S. Oppenheim; Vice-President, Mrs. A. J. Prager; Treasurer, Mrs. S. Zekind; Secretary, Mrs. H. Lippman. MOUNT ZION HOSPITAL ASSOCIATION, Hospital, Sutter Street, between Scott and Devisadero Streets; office, 105 Stock- ton Street. Founded November 7, 1887. Officers: Presi- dent, Wm. Haas; Vice-President, Milton S. Eisner; Treasurer, Sig. Feuchtwanger; Honorary Secretary, J. B. Levison; Secretary, Meyer H. Levy. Board of Trus- tees: Jos. Brandenstein, Walter M. Castle, Lewis Brown, Jos. Naphtaly, Emanuel Haas, I. W. Goldman, I. W. Hellman, Jr. Members, 220. Income for last year $6177.17. Board meeting monthly. Organization meets in January. Object, free treatment of the sick. Non- sectarian in character, sustained by Jews only. [CONGREGATION] NEVAH ZEDECK, Mission Street, between 5th and 6th. Founded 1870. Cantor, J. Eosenbaum. Offi- cers and Board of Trustees: President, H. Kramer; Vice- President, E. Bienenfleld; S. Lichtenstein, E. Strunsky, H. Waxstock, A. Simon, S. Silverstein and S. Brilliant. Board meeting once a month. Members, 57. Services: Sabbath and holidays, 8 a. m.; daily, 6.30 a. m. and 5.30 p. m. Eeligious School: daily, 3.30 to 5 p. m.; Sundays, 10 to 12 a. m. Pupils, 94. Annual income, $2400. * [CONGREGATION] OHABAI SHALOME, Bush Street, near Laguna Street. Eabbi, Isidor Meyers, B. A.; Cantor, David Meyerson, 1434 O'Farrel Street. President, J. Schmidt; Vice-President, Phil. Stern; Secretary, M. L. Stern; Treasurer, B. Eeiss. Services: Friday at 5.30 p.m.; Saturday, 10 a. m. Eeligious School: Saturday, 9 to 11 a. m.; Sunday, 10 to 12 a. m. *[CHEBRA] OHAVAI SHOLEM. President, L. Friedlander; Sec- retary, J. Israelsky. Meets every second Sunday. PACIFIC HEBREW ORPHAN ASYLUM AND HOME SOCIETY, Or- phanage, 600 Devisadero Street; Home for Aged, Silver Avenue and Mission Street. Founded July 25, 1871. Offi- cers: President, S. W. Levy; Vice-President, H. L. Simon; Treasurer, Lewis Gerstle; Secretary, Leo Eloesser; As- sistant Secretary, Meyer H. Levy. Board of Trustees: DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 115

San Francisco (continued). A. Anspacher, Jos. Brandenstein, J. Greenebaum, Sig. Greenebaum, L. Meyerstein, J. H. Neustadter, Juda Newman, S. W. Rosenstock, Daniel Roth, B. Sheideman, Jacob Stern, S. I. Wormser; Superintendent, Henry- Mauser. Members, 1825. Income for last year, $70.- 504.95. Board meeting second Sunday of month. Organization meets yearly, in September. Maintains an Orphan Asylum and a Home for Aged Hebrews. * [CEMETERY] SALEM, of Congregation Beth Israel, San Mateo County. Office of Secretary, 224 Bush Street. Superin- tendent, M. Heitz. *[CHEVBA] SHAABE REIFOOAH. Meets second and fourth Sun- day afternoons at Alcazar Building, 120 O'Farrell Street. Secretary, D. Lande, 444% Clementina Street. [CONGREGATION] SKAABI ZEDEK, N. E. corner California and Stockton Streets. Founded October, 5629-1870. Officers: President, I. Friedman; Vice-President, D. Goldberg; Treasurer, Solomon Levy; Secretary, Samuel Polack, 405 Kearny Street. Board of Trustees: W. H. Lichten- stein, B. Kaskell, S. M. Cohn, I. Cohn and I. Harris. Board meeting monthly, on the first Sunday. Members, 25. Services: every Monday and Thursday; also Rosh Hachodesh, at 6.30 a.m.; Friday, about one hour before night sets in; Saturdays at 9 a. m., 4.30 p. m. and when night sets in; holidays same hour. [CONGBEGATION] SHEBITH ISEAEL. Founded August, 1850. Rabbi, Jacob Nieto, 1719 Bush Street. Cantor, D. S. Davis. Officers: President, Louis Brown; Vice-President, Chas. Harris; Treasurer, Judah Boas; Secretary, Alex- ander L. Badt; and ten trustees. Board meeting first Monday of each month. Members, 150. Services: Sab- bath, 5.30 p.m.; morning-, 10 a.m.; extra Sabbath evening service with lecture from November 1 to April 15, 8 p. m. Religious School: Sabbaths, 9 to 10 a. m.; Sun- days, 9.30 to 11.30 a. m. Pupils, 150. Annual income, $25,000. Auxiliary Societies: Post-Graduate Class, Bible Class Society. *[CHEBBA] THILIM, 1036 Folsom Street. Founded 1891. Rabbi, Moses Liberman. Officers and Board of Trustees: Presi- dent, D. Markowitch; Vice-President, Julius Levi; Treasurer, M. Marks; Secretary, Liberman, 1032 Folsom Street. Board meeting first Sunday of the month. Members, 55. Services: 6.30 a. m. and 6 p. m.; Satur- days, 8 a. m. Annual income, $850. 116 AMEEICAN JEWISH YEAK BOOK Stockton [CONGREGATION] ETHIM AHOOVIM. rounded 1855. Eabbi, E. Farber. Officers: President, Jacob Glick; Vice-Presi- dent, J. Marks; Treasurer, L. H. Frankenheimer; Sec- retary, M. Menasses. Board of Trustees: H. Marks, L. Wolf, L. J. Abrams, J. Cohn, J. S. Newman. Board meeting first Tuesday in each month. Members, 65. Services: Friday, 7.30 p.m.; Saturday, 10.30 a.m. Ee- ligious School: Saturday, 9 to 10.30 a. m.; Saturdays, 10 to 12 m. Pupils, 55. Annual income, about $2000. Aux- iliary Societies: Ladies' Hebrew Benevolent Society, Cemetery Association. Hebrew classes are connected •with the congregation. Six hours weekly are devoted to instruction in the language. COLORADO Denver * [CONGREGATION] AGUDATH ACHIM. [CONGREGATION] BETH MEDROSH HAGADOL, 24th and Curtis Streets. Founded June 12, 1898. Cantor, E. Samuels. Officers: President, H. Plonsky; Vice-President, M. Am- ter; Treasurer, L. Levy; Secretary, E. A. Hepner, 1446 Larimar Street. Trustees: S. Minowitz, P. Prager, D. Amdursky, J. Washer and N. Bloch. Board meeting first Sunday of every month. Members, 105. Services: week days, 7.30 a.m. and 6.30 p.m.; Friday, 7 p.m.; Saturday and holidays, 9 a. m. Eeligious School, 10 to 12 a. m. and 2 to 4 p. m. Pupils, 65. Annual income, $2500. [CONGREGATION] EMANUEL, 16th Avenue and Pearl Street. Founded October, 1874. Eabbi, William S. Friedman, 1432 Grant Avenue. Officers: President, Henry Frankle; Vice-President, Wm. Weil; Treasurer, D. Kline; Secre- tary, Joseph H. Harrison. Board of Trustees: Simon Guggenheim, L. H. Guldman, David May, S. K Holzman, S. Appel. Board meeting the first Sunday morning of the month. Members, 185. Services: Friday, 7.45 p. m.; Saturday, 10.30 a. m. Eeligious School: Sunday, 10 to 12 a. m. Pupils, 225. Annual income, about $8000. Auxiliary Societies: Ladies' Auxiliary to Temple Eman- uel, Temple Emanuel Literary Society. HEBREW LADIES' BENEVOLENT SOCIETY, 2155 Franklin Street. Founded 1878. Officers: President, Mrs. Edward Pisko; First Vice-President, Mrs. S. L. Holzman; Second Vice- President, Mrs. S. Eingolsky; Secretary, Mrs. M. DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS H7

Denver (continued). Kleiner; Corresponding Secretary, Mrs. Alfred Muller; Treasurer, Mrs. M. Ginterman; Auditor, Mrs. G. L. Herz. Board of Trustees: Mmes. I. M. Appel, M. S. Appel, Alfred Weil, I. Shire, Wm. Dreyfuss, S. Friedenthal, M. D. Barnett, M. Jarecki, Simon Appel. Members, 120. Annual income, $2080. Organization meets first Friday of the month. One of sixteen societies composing the Charity Organization Society of Denver. *JBWISH HOSPITAL. PROGRESS CLUB. Founded May, 1885. Officers: President, Leopold Mayer; Vice-President, M. Friedman; Treasurer, Lee Weil; Secretary, M. Jarecki. Board of Trustees: A. W. Weil, M. S. Appel, Jerome Dreyfuss, and above- named officers. Members, 50. Annual income, $7500. Board meeting third Sunday in each month. Organiza- tion meets second Sunday in January. Objects, Social. * [CONGREGATION] SHOMRO AMUNAH, Blake Street near Cherry Creek. *[CONGREGATION] ZERA ABRAHAM, 2056 West Colfax Avenue. Trinidad [CONGREGATION] AARON. Founded July 23, 1883. Rabbi, L. Freudenthal. Officers: President, Sam'l Jaffa; Vice- President, A. Rascower; Treasurer, Jos. Sanders; Sec- retary, H. Moses. Pupils of Religious School, 26. Auxiliary Society Qf the Religious School; President, Carl Florsheim. HEBREW LADIES' AID SOCIETY. Founded June 22, 1889. Officers: President, Mrs. M. Mansbach; Vice-President, Mrs. Jul. Linde; Treasurer, Mrs. Sam. Jaffa; Secretary, Mrs. Ph. Prager. MONTEFIORE LITERARY SOCIETY. Founded November 25, 1894. Officers: President, Joseph Jaffa; Vice-President, Jos. Holland; Treasurer, A. Rascower; Secretary, Leo- pold Sanders; Librarian, L. Freudenthal. Program Committee: L. Freudenthal, Mrs. Ph. Prager, Mrs. R. Hamerslough. CONNECTICUT Bridgeport * [CONGREGATION] BENAI ISRAEL. Meets Wheeler's Block, Main Street corner Fairfield Avenue. Rabbi, Gustave Gumpel. President, M. Wittstein; Vice-President, N. Klibansky; Treasurer, E. Greenstein; Secretary, B. Klein. 118 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK Bridgeport (oontw/ued). *CONCORDIA SOCIETY. Meets Thursday evening in Concordia Hall, Madison Avenue near Main Street. President, John B. Adams; Treasurer, Henry Beutelspacher; Fi- nancial Secretary, Louis Forst; Secretary, Sigmund Dormitzer. Hartford * [CONGREGATION] ADAS ISRAEL. Meets 11 Pratt Street, Satur- days and holidays, mornings and evenings. President, Nathan Kempner; Vice-President, L. Price; Treasurer, Joel Samuels; Secretary, Louis S. Price. Trustees: H. Jonas, P. Resnick and M. Dorenbaum. Annual election first Sunday in October. [CONGREGATION] BETH ISRAEL, Charter and Oak Streets. Founded 1843. Rabbi, Meyer Elkin. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, M. Wieder; Vice-President, L. Hellman; Treasurer, L. De Leeuw; Secretary, Ch. Rosen- thai, Main Street, and three trustees. Board meeting first Sunday of the month. Members, about 95. Ser- vices, Friday evening and Saturday morning. Religious School, Sunday from 10 to 12 a. m. Pupils, about 50. Annual income, about $4000. Temple lately enlarged at a cost of $9000. Congregation growing rapidly. * [CONGREGATION] BROTHERS, CHILDREN OF ISRAEL, rear 194 Front Street. Rabbi, Joseph Kramm. Assistant, Bar- net Feinstein. Officers: President, N. Kempner; Vice- President, L. Katz; Financial Secretary, Abram Hess; Secretary, Israel Brody; Sexton, S. Fine. Organized 1884. Meets Saturdays at 10 a. m. *HEBREW BENEVOLENT ASSOCIATION. President, M. Wieder; Vice-President, A. Walder; Treasurer, Joel Samuels; Sec- retary, Louis S. Price. H. Bacharach, N. Kempner, I. F. Samuels and above officers Directors. Meets Thurs- days at 4 p. m. at 91 Morgan Street. Annual meeting in January. * [CONGREGATION] SHAARA TORAH AGUDATH ACHIM. Rabbi, I. S. Hurwitz. Meriden *CONGREGATION, Cedar near Court Street. Organized 1892. Rabbi, Max Gordon. President, E. Derecktor; Vice- President, Guttman Koble; Secretary, Jacob Broder; Treasurer, Abram Goldstein. ITew Haven [CONGREGATION] BIKTJR CHOLIM BNAT ABRAHAM, 21 Factory Street. Founded 1887. Rabbi, Jacob abn Frommer. DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 119

New Haven (continued). Officers and Board of Trustees: S. Goldreier, T. Lach- man, Grinhaus, Baker, Samuel Frommer, 41 Broad Street. Members, 110. Services: 8 a. m., 5 and 7 p. m. daily. Religious School, daily, 4 p. m. Auxiliary Societies: Talmud Torah, Benevolent, Choveve Zion. •[CONGREGATION] BNAI ISRAEL, Rose Street. Rabbi, Jacob Frommer. * [CONGREGATION] B'NAI JACOB, 105 Temple Street. President, B. Lapidus; Viee-President, J. Greenberg; Secretary, L. Sachs; Treasurer, M. Brown. Trustees: Capporall, Prober and Freeman. * [CONGREGATION] B'NAI SHOLOM, 98 Olive Street. Rabbi, A. Garfunkel. President, I. Lempert; Vice-President, I. Loeb; Secretary, Solly Cahdeln; Treasurer, L. Blood- lander; Sexton, S. Goldbaum. * [CONGREGATION] BROTHERS OF JOSEPH. Rabbi, Benjamin Sachnowitz. HEBREW BENEVOLENT SOCIETY. Founded 1874. Officers: President, Henry C. Bretzfelder; Vice-President, Isaac M. Ullman; Secretary, Frederick M. Adler; Treasurer, Lewis H. Freedman. Board of Trustees: Albert Zunder, J. J. Newman, Chas. L. Weil, Joseph Cahn, M. Sonen- berg, Lewis Osterweis, Max Adler. Annual income, $700 to $1000. HEBREW CHARITY SOCIETY. Founded January, 1886. Offi- cers: President, Rev. I. L. Sachs; Vice-President, S. Lear; Secretary, A. D. Steinbach; Treasurer, S. Weiss. Board of Trustees: A. Frank, B. Lear, I. Hirsh, Chas. Feldman. Members,' 150. Annual income, $1500. Board meeting every Tuesday. Organization meets quarterly. [CONGREGATION] MISHKAN ISRAEL. Founded 1840 (?). Rabbi, David Levy. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, Lewis Osterweis; Vice-President, Jos. Johnston; Treas- urer, M. Zunder; Secretary, S. Spier; Charles Kleiner, Max Adler, Moses Mann, Paul Weil, Isaac Koch, I. M. Ullman. Board meeting first Tuesday each month. Members, 215. Services: Friday, 8 p.m.; Saturday, 10 a. m. Religious School, 10 to 12 a. m. Pupils, 112. An- nual income, $11,000. Auxiliary Societies: Ladies' Sew- ing Circle, Ladies' Benevolent Society. Cemetery, Whal- ley Avenue. * [CONGREGATION] SHEWATH ACHIM, Factory Street. Rabbi, Jacob Frommer; Secretary, M. Kopelewitz. 120 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

Waterbury [CONGREGATION] AGUDAS ISRAEL. Founded March 3, 1889. Rabbi, Hyman Silberman. Officers and Board of Trus- tees: M. Wilinger, L. Winberg, Fabricant Angel, T. Lip- chitz. Members, 75. *WATBBBURY HEBREW BENEFIT ASSOCIATION NO. 1. Meets every other Sunday at Johnson's Hall, Bank Street. President, Frank Greenburg; Secretary, Ike Roof; Treasurer, Samuel Finklestein. DELAWABE Wilmington * [CONGREGATION] ADIS KODESH, 418 Shipley Street. Rabbi, N. Resitz. *FREE HEBREW SABBATH SCHOOL. Superintendent, J. Harry Gordon. DISTBICT OF COLUMBIA Washington * [CONGREGATION] ADAS ISRAEL, 6th and G Streets. Rabbi, Mendle. Religious School. * [CONGREGATION] AGOODAS ACHIM. CONCORDIA CLUB, 6th and E Streets. Founded 1865. Officers: President, S. Bieber; Vice-President, A. D. Prince; Treas- urer, M. Goldsmith; Secretary, S. Rice. Board of Gov- ernors: S. Bieber, A. D. Prince, M. Goldsmith, I. L. Blout, J. Strasburger, B. Sinsheimer, A. Goodman, E. Richard, I. Goldenberg and R. Harris. Members, 135. Annual income, $8600. Board meeting first and third Wednesdays of each month. Organization meets second Wednesday in January, April, July and October. Ob- jects, social. *MACHPELAH (CEMETERY). UNITED HEBREW CHARITIES, office 8th Street Temple. Founded 1882. Officers and Board of Trustees: Presi- dent, I. L. Blout; First Vice-President, S. Lewis; Second Vice-President, Mrs. S. Oppenheimer; Treasurer, A. D. Prince; Recording Secretary, Jacob Strasburger, 900 Seventh Street N. W.; Financial Secretary, A. G. Wolf; M. Notes, S. Einstein, H. Harmel, Mrs. I. L. Blout, Mrs. C. Kaufman, Mrs. Louis Stern, Mrs. F. Strasburger, Mrs. Carrie Guggenheim, Mrs. J. Hechinger and Mrs. Amnon Behrend. Members, 300. Annual income, $1500 to $2500. Board meeting monthly and subject to call. Organiza- tion meets yearly. DIEECTOBY OF LOCAL OEGANIZATIONS 121 Washington (continued). WASHINGTON HEBREW CONGREGATION. Founded 1855. Eabbi, Louis Stem, 909 O Street. Officers: President, I. L. Blout; Vice-President, P. Peyser; Treasurer, J. Eisenman; Becording Secretary, A. Adler; Financial Secretary, S. N. Meyer. Trustees: B. Solomon, W. Wolf, M. Cohen, W. M. Frank. Board meeting first Sunday of the month. Members, 220. Services: Friday, 7.30 p.m.; Saturday, 10 a.m. Eeligious School: Saturday, 9 to 10 a. m.; Sunday, 9.30 to 12 a. m. Pupils, 120. An- nual income, $12,000. Auxiliary Societies: Young Peo- ple's Temple Society, Post-Confirmation Class. FLORIDA Jacksonville [CONGREGATION] AHAYATH CHESED, corner Laura and Union Streets. Eabbi, B. Eabbino. Eeligious School, Sunday, 10 a.m. Services': Friday, 7.30 p.m.; Saturday, 9.30 a. m.; services on all holidays. PHOENIX CLUB, Bay and Main Streets. Founded September 22, 1895. Officers: President, Alex. Sabel; Vice-Presi- dent, A. K. Leon; Treasurer, M. H. Slager; Secretary, V. E. Jacobs. Board of Trustees: Fred. Kann, L. Ber- lack, M. Myerson. Members, 30. Annual income, $3500. Board meeting first Sunday in every month. Organiza- tion meets first Sunday in every month. Object, social pleasures. Pensacola [TEMPLE] BETH-EL, E. Chase Street. Founded 1874. Eabbi, Isaac E. Wagenheim. Officers: President, A. Greenhut; Vice-President, M. B. Dannheisser. Board of Trustees: P. Stone, Lep. Mayer, M. Bear, D. Dannheisser, A. Lisehkoff. Board meeting once a month. Members, 60. Services, Friday evening and Saturday morning. Ee- ligious School, Sunday, 10 a. m. Pupils, 52. Auxiliary Societies: Hebrew Ladies' Aid Society, Young Ladies' Aid Society, Choir Fund Society. PROGRESS CLUB. Founded January 17, 1897. Officers: Presi- dent, Sol. Cahn; Vice-President, Dave Levy; Secretary, L. Mayer; Treasurer, M. B. Dannheisser. Board of Trustees: Alex. Lischkoff, Max L. Bear, Dave Dann- heisser, Max L. Kahn, E. Forcheimer, Leon Gunders- heimer, V. J. Vidal. Members, 42. Annual income, $2000. Board meeting first Monday of every month. Organization meets first Wednesday of January, April, July and October. Objects, social and literary. 122 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

GEORGIA Albany *CONGKEGATION. Rabbi, E. A. Landau. President, S. B. Brown. Atlanta CONCOBDIA ASSOCIATION. Founded 1867. Officers: President, Werner S. Byck; Vice-President, Dr. F. G. Lieberman; Secretary and Treasurer, D. P. Fleishel, 1 N. Broad Street. Board of Trustees: Morris Rich, Louis Well- house, Jake H. Hirsch, Al. Weinfeld and Morris Ben- jamin. Members, 100. Board meeting first Wednesday of the month. Organization meets first Wednesday in May. Object: Social entertainment of its members. HEBREW BENEVOLENT CONGREGATION. Founded 1866. Rabbi, David Marx. Officers: President, Jos. Hirsch; Vice- President, Albert Steiner; Treasurer, Henry Well- house; Secretary, Alex. Dittler, 161 Whitehall Street. Board of Trustees: Levi Cohen, D. Kaufmann, Max Kutz, A. Bluthenthal, Harry L. Schlesinger. Board meeting fourth Tuesday of the month. Members, 215. Services: Friday, 8 p.m.; Saturday, 10 a.m., from September 1 to July 1. Religious School: Sabbath before services and every Sunday morning for period above stated. Pupils, 200. Annual income, $6500. HEBREW LADIES' BENEVOLENT SOCIETY. Founded 1870. Officers: President, Mrs. J. T. Eichberg; Vice-President, Mrs. J. L. Cohen; Treasurer, Mrs. Jacob Haas; Corres- ponding Secretary, Mrs. D. Kaufman, 33 Fornwalt Street; Financial Secretary, Mrs. Ida Arnheim. Board of Trustees: Mrs. J. Elsas, Mrs. H. Dreyfus, Mrs. A. Rosenfeld, Miss B. Montag, Mrs. R. Rosenbaum. Mem- bers, 153. Annual income, $459. Board meeting first Wednesday every month. Organization meets first Wed- nesday every quarter. HEBREW ORPHANS' HOME. Founded 1889. Managed by a Board of Control of District Grand Lodge, No. 5, I. O. B. B., Chairman, Simon Wolf, Washington, D. C, and a local board at Atlanta, Chairman, Joseph Hirsch. In- come last fiscal year, about $21,000; expenditures, about $18,000. Inmates, 68. (See under Savannah.) Augusta * [CONGREGATION] ADAS YESHUETJN, 10th Street, corner Greene Street. * [CONGREGATION] CHILDREN OF ISRAEL, 523 Telfair Street. Rabbi, H. J. Elkins. President, S. Lesser; Vice-Presi- DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 123

Augusta (continued). dent, L. Cohen; Treasurer, L. J. Schaul; Secretary, P. Heyman. Trustees: D. Shusky, A. Rubenstein, A. Levy. Services: Friday, 8 p. m.; Saturday, 11 a. m. Brunswick * [CONGREGATION] BETH TEFILOH. Columbus * [CONGREGATION] B'NAI ISRAEL, 10th Street and 4th Avenue. Rabbi, Dr. E. B. M. Brown. Services: Friday, 8 p.m.; Saturday, 10 a. m. HARMONY CIRCLE. Founded April, 1889. Officers: President, L. Lowenherz; Vice-President, Dave Goenster; Treasurer, M. Julius; Secretary, L. Lowenthal. Board of Trustees: Max Simons, B. A. Gerson, H. Sternberg, M. M. Hirsh, S. Loeb. Members, 23. Annual income, $3000. Board meeting first Thursday in each month. Organization meets first Sunday in May. Objects, social. Macon [CONGREGATION] BETH ISRAEL. Founded October 30, 1859. Rabbi, Isaac E. Marcusson. Officers: President, G. Bernd; Vice-President, C. Wachtel; Treasurer, J. Bloch; Secretary, John Hartz. Board of Trustees: J. Bins- wanger, S. Guthman, S. Blouenstein, N. M. Block, J. S. Mack and M. Waterman. Board meeting first Tuesday in the month. Members, 85. Services: Friday, 7.30 p. m.; Saturday, 10 a. m. Religious School, Sundays, 10 a. m. to 12 m. Pupils, 120. *HEBREW YOUNG LADIES' AID SOCIETY. Founded 1893. Presi- dent, Miss Celia Abrahams; Secretary, Miss Bertha Glaser. Meeting first Tuesday of the month. Object, charity. PROGRESS CLUB, corner First and Poplar Streets. Founded 1884. Officers: President, Sam. Mayer; Vice-President, N. M. Block; Secretary and Treasiirer, J. L. Fleischer, 608 First Street. Board of Trustees: J. H. Hertz, Sam. Weichselbaum, Sam. Mayer, S. Popper, N. M. Block, A. H. Wachtel, J. L. Fleischer, Roland Ellis, J. J. Waxel- baum. Members, 76. Annual income, $3000. Board meeting first and third Monday night of the month. Organization meets first Sunday in April, July, October and January. Object, social. Some * [CONGREGATION] RODEF SHOLOM. 124 AMEEICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK Savannah. [CONGREGATION] BNEI BBITH JACOB, Montgomery Street. Founded 1866. Reader, A. Hurwitz. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, M. Wilensky; Vice-President, M. Blumberg; Trustees: A. J. Garfunkel, I. Gottlieb and J. KatzofE; Treasurer, H. Wilensky; Secretary, J. Stern. Board meeting first Sunday in every month. Members, 50. Services: daily, morning and evening. Annual income, about $600. *THK DAUGHTERS OF ISRAEL. Organized November 23, 1891. Officers: President, Miss Maria Minis; Vice-President, Mrs. M. G. Ehrlich; Treasurer, Mrs. A. Vetsburg; Sec- retary, Mrs. M. Dryfus. Chairman of Relief Committee, Miss Maud Hendricks. *[CHEBEA] GEMILUTH GUESSED SOCIETY. Organized 1887. Meets second Sundays at Odd Fellows' Hall. President, J. Stark; Secretary, B. Miller; Treasurer, I. M. Gittel- sohn. HEBSEW BENEVOLENT SOCIETY. Founded September 22, 1851. Officers: President, Isaac Epstein; Vice-President, I. M. Frank; Secretary, M. E. Robinson; Treasurer, A. Vets- burg. Board of Trustees: Sam. Meinhard, Louis Kayton, Moses Prager. Members, 60. Annual income, $400. Board meeting second Wednesday in December. *HEBBEW CEMETERY, west end of Anderson Street, adjoining Laurel Grove Cemetery. *LADIES' HEBREW BENEVOLENT SOCIETY. Organized August 1, 1853; chartered March 1, 1856. Officers: President, Mrs. L. W. Wortsman; 1st Vice-President, Mrs. A. Smith; 2d Vice-President, Mrs. I. P. Mendes; Treasurer, Mrs. S. Herman; Recording Secretary, Mrs. S. L. Laz- aron; Financial Secretary, Mrs. E. Bear. [CONGREGATION] MICKVA ISRAEL, Bull Street, N. E. corner Gordon. Organized 1733; charter date 1792. Rabbi, Isaac P. Mendes. Officers: President, Jos. Rosenheim; Vice-President and Treasurer, Lawrence Lippman; Sec- retary, Simon Hexter. Trustees: Simon Guckenheimer, Elias A. Weil, Moses Prager, Isaac G. Haas. Services: Friday evenings, Saturday mornings and holidays. Religious School: Sunday, 10 to 12 a. m. Pupils, 142. Auxiliary Societies: Teachers' Union, Temple Guild. MICKVA ISRAEL TEMPLE GUILD. Organized April 29, 1894. Officers: President, Mrs. I. P. Mendes; Vice-President, Mrs. Lawrence Lippman; Treasurer, Mrs. Fanny Joseph; DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 125

Savannah (continued). Secretary, Mrs. Eugenia Minis. [Auxiliary Society to Congregation Mickva Israel.] *OEPHAN AID SOCIETY, FOE THE BENEFIT OF ATLANTA ORPHAN HOME. Organized January 10, 1880. Officers: President, Mrs. I. P. Mendes; Vice-President, Mrs. Lee Roy Myers; Treasurer, Mrs. S. Herman; Secretary, Mrs. Lawrence Lippman. *[HEBKA] TALMUD TORAH. YOUNG MEN'S HEBREW ASSOCIATION. Founded May 22, 1874. Officers: President, A. L. Weil; First Vice-President, H. Frank; Second Vice-President, Sol. Hirsch; Treasurer, H. Meinhard; Corresponding Secretary, A. M. Brown; Recording Secretary, M. Meyer. Board of Trustees: A. L. Weil, H. Frank, Sol. Hirsch, H. Meinhard, A. M. Brown, M. Meyer, A. P. Solomon, A. S. Cohen, I. Hell- man, J. M. Dreyer. Librarian and Financial Secretary, Samuel Selig. Members, 125. Annual income, about $2000. Board meeting second Sunday in each month. ILLINOIS Blooming-ton •[CONGREGATION] MOSES MONTEFIORE. President, Oscar Mandel. Cairo *MONTEFIORE CONGKEGATION. Rabbi, Bernard Sadler. Chicago *[CONGREGATION] AGUDAS ACHIM (First Hungarian Congrega- tion). President, Mark Gross; Secretary, J. Klein. Rabbi, M. Bloch. Services, Saturday, 8 a. m. * [CONGREGATION] ANSHE EMETH. Rabbi, S. Bauer. *[KEHILLATH] ANSHE MAAREV (MEN OF THE WEST), Indiana Avenue, corner 33d. President, Henry N. Hart, Adams Street, corner Market. Rabbi, Moses P. Jacobson, 3350 Calumet Avenue. Services, Saturday, 10 a. m. Sabbath School, Sunday, 9 a. m. [CONGREGATION] ANSHI KANESSES ISRAEL, S. E. corner Clin- ton and W. 12th Place. Founded 1880. Rabbi, B. Beren- stein, 499 S. Jefferson Street. Assistant, M. Rogof. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, H. Kaplan; Treasurer, J. Littleston; Secretary, J. C. Portis, 227 Loomis Street, and five trustees. Board meeting every second Sunday of the month. Members, 200. Services, morning and evening. Annual income, $6000 to $7000. *BARON HIRSCH LADIES' AID SOCIETY. 126 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAE BOOK

Chicago (continued). [CONGREGATION] BETH EL, May near Huron Street. Founded January 1, 1882. Babbi, Julius Eappaport. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, S. Klee; Vice-President, L. Miinzer; Secretary, I. Gottlieb, 133 Cortland Street; Financial Secretary, H. Nathan; Treasurer, M. Freund; Trustees: M. Veit, S. Levy, M. Drosdowitz. Board meeting first Sunday of each month. Members, 64. Ser- vices, Saturday, 10 a. m. Eeligious School: Saturday, 8 to 10 a. m.; Sunday, 9 a.m. to 12 m. Pupils, 55. An- nual income, $3000. Auxiliary Society, Young Folks' Auxiliary Society. * [CONGREGATION] BETH HAMEDRASH, 134 Pacific Avenue. Presi- dent, J. Eobinson; Secretary, Mark Weinberg. Services: daily at 7 a.m. and 6 p.m.; Saturday, 7.30 a.m. and 4.30 p. m. * [CONGREGATION] BETH HAMEDRASH HAGODOL U-BNE JACOB. * [CONGREGATION] BIKUR CHOLIM BNE JACOB, 1218 61st Street. President, A. Brill; Vice-President, A. Cohen; Secretary, S. Cohen. [TEMPLE] B'NAI ABRAHAM, 507-511 Marshfield Avenue. Founded May 14, 1874. Eabbi, A. E. Levy, B. Ph., 15 York Street. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, I. S. Lurie; Vice-Presidents, J. Sabath and Jos. Lederer; Secretary, S. Klausner; Financial Secretary, S. Heller; Treasurer, Chas. Klausner; Trustees: S. M. Lederer, A. Steindler and L. Schauer. Board meeting first Tuesday in each month. Members, 145. Services, Saturdays, 10.30 a. m. Eeligious School: Saturday, 9 a. m.; Sunday, 9.30 a. m. Pupils, 316. Annual income, $5300. Auxil- iary Society, Ladies' Society. Also maintains a Hebrew free school, holding sessions on Monday, Tuesday, Wed- nesday and Thursday of every week. Pupils, about 100. Cemetery, half-mile south of Waldheim. [CONGREGATION] B'NAI DAVID, 618-620 N. Wood Street. Founded November, 1889. Eabbi, A. Stern. Officers and Board of Trustees: M. Holtz, J. Doppelt, D. Eottenberg, H. Goldmann, S. Davis, J. Both, H. Cohn. Board meeting first and third Saturday night of each month. Members, 65. Services, 6 a. m. and 6 p. m. daily; Satur- day morning at 8. Eeligious School every day from 4 to 7 p. m. * [CONGREGATION] B'NAI ISRAEL, Aberdeen Street, N. E. corner W. 62d Street. President, I. Goldberg; Vice-President, S. H. Harris; Secretary, M. J. Feiwell; Treasurer, B. Bosenthal. Eabbi, Hyman Eosenzweig. DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 127

Chicago (continued). [CONGREGATION] B'NAI SHOLOM, Indiana Avenue and 26th Street. Founded 1852. Rabbi, Dr. A. J. Messing, 3708 Wabash Avenue. Officers and Board of Trustees: Presi- dent, Chas. Richter; Secretary, Chas. Cohen, 3317 Forest Avenue. Board meeting last Wednesday in each month. Members, 91. Services, Saturday morning. Religious School, Saturday and Sunday morning. Pupils, 110. Annual income, $5000. Auxiliary Societies: Ladies' Social Society, Young Men's Auxiliary. CHEBBA KADISHA UBIKUB CHOLIM. 83 E. Madison Street. Founded November 24, 1861. Officers: President, Henry S. Goldsmith; Vice-President, Ignatz Weinfeld; Secre- tary, D. Brown; Financial Secretary, H. Hirsch; Treas- urer, Sam. Witkowsky. Board of Trustees: I. Van Baalen, Henry Cohn, Chas. G. Fox, Adolph Klein. Mem- bers, 83. Organization meets first Sunday of each month. Objects: Providing for the sick and burying the dead. CHICAGO SINAI CONGREGATION. Founded July 20, 1861. Eabbi, Dr. Emil G. Hirsch. Officers: President, Adolph Loeb, 191 La Salle Street; Vice-President, Leon Mandel; Treasurer, B. Mergentheim; Financial Secretary, Julius Loeb; Recording Secretary, Louis H. Kohn, 212 Market Street. Executive Board: Moses Bensinger, Joseph Cahn, Leo Fox, Edwin G. Foreman, Conrad Witkowsky, Harry Hart, S. H. Kirchberger, Simon W. Strauss. Board meeting last Monday (evening) of the month. 450 members and 100 seatholders. Services, Sunday morning. Religious School, Sunday, 9 to 10.30 a. m. Pupils, about 250. Annual income, $30,000. *CHIOAGO WOMEN'S AID SOCIETY. *COVENANT CULTURE (I. O. B. B.). President, Herman Fels- enthal, 4510 Ellis Avenue; Secretary, Dr. A. Norden, 595 Orchard. *DEBORAH SOCIETY. Philanthropic. [CONGREGATION] EMANUEL. Founded September, 1880. Rabbi, Julius Newman. Officers: President, L. Sonnen- schein; Vice-President, S. Stein; Secretary, R. Beiers- dorf; Treasurer, H. B. Franklin. Trustees: L. Strauss, D. Haslacher, Em. Weinberger, M. Solomon, D. S. Gates, A. Stern, H. Schulhof. Board meeting first Sunday of the month. Members, 105. Services: Saturday, 10.15 a. m. Religious School: Saturday, 9 to 10 a.m.; Sunday, 128 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK Chicago (continued). 9.30 to 11 a. m. Pupils, 128. Animal income, $5000. Auxiliary Society, Young People's Society. FEEE SONS OF ISRAEL CEMETERY ASSOCIATION, 108 La Salle Street. Founded 1873. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, E. C. Hamburgher; Vice-President, I. R. Gardner; Secretary, Adolph Pike; Treasurer, L. Levins; Trustees: M. Pflaum, S. Coppeles, R. Feidelberg and F. Reno. Board meeting monthly. Members: entire membership of the order in Chicago, numbering about 1000. *[CHEBRA] GEMILATH CHASODIM UBIKUK CHOLIM. N. Clark, S. of Graceland Avenue. President, Samuel Weisberg; Superintendent, L. Rosenbaum. *HEBBEW AMERICAN PROTECTIVE ASSOCIATION. Organized 1899. President, Dr. Gustavus Black; Vice-President, P. Weinshenker; Secretary, E. M. Zoline; Treasurer, N. F. Brenner. Directors: F. Ziv, R. Rosenberg, S. V. Panama, S. Brody. HEBREW BENEVOLENT SOCIETY OF CHICAGO. Founded 1851. Officers: President, Simon L. Rubel; Vice-President, Joseph R. Beiersdorf; Secretary, L. Sonnenschein, 40 Franklin Street; Treasurer, L. E. Lebolt. Board of Directors: above-named officers and Cyrus S. Simon. Members, 123. Annual income, assessment on members when needed. Organization meets in March of every year. Objects: To maintain and keep in good order the cemetery of the Society and to grant sums of money for charitable purposes. THE HOME FOR AGED JEWS OF CHICAGO, corner Drexel Ave- nue and 62d Street. Officers: President, M. Rosenbaum; Vice-President, Mrs. Charles H. Schwab; Recording Sec- retary, Dr. Joseph Stolz; Financial Secretary, Herman Hefter; Treasurer, B. Loewenthal; Superintendent, Mrs. B. I. David. Board of Directors: B. Loewenthal, B. Cahn, A. Kuh, Jacob 1ST. Strauss, Herman Hefter, Mrs. M. A. Meyer, Mrs. Jos. Rosenbaum, Mrs. Simon Yon- dorf, Morris Rosenbaum, Harry Hart, E. Frankenthal, Isaac Meyer, Max L. Falk, Mrs. Aaron Shubart, Mrs. H. Simon, Mrs. C. H. Schwab, Mrs. Fred Morris, Dr. E. G. Hirsch, Dr. Jos. Stolz, H. Elkan, B. Loewenthal, 2918 Prairie Avenue, Jacob Schnadig, Israel Cowen, Mrs. Chas. Kozminski, Mrs. J. K. Frank, Mrs. Henry Leopold. Annual income, fixed, about $12,000. Board meeting second Saturday of the month. Organization meets second Sunday of January. DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 129

Chicago (continued). HOME FOB JEWISH ORPHANS, 62d and Drexel Avenue. Founded, 1893. Officers: President, Chas. H. Schwab; Vice-Presidents, Mrs. Carrie L. Strauss, Mrs. B. Mandl; Recording Secretary, Mrs. L. Newberger; Financial Secretary, Mrs. A. I. Radzinski; Treasurer, Mrs. M. Hecht. Directors: M. Born, Herman Nathan, J. H. Frank, Martin Emerich, M. Marx, L. M. Stumer, I. Pieser, Leopold Mayer, I. Baumgartl, I. Greensfelder, O. G. Foreman, B. Gradle, Mrs. Felix Kahn, Mrs. Leo Strauss, Mrs. B. Arnheim, Mrs. D. Friedlander, Mrs. J. Reiss, Mrs. F. C. Hamburgher, Mrs. J. Guthman, Mrs. L. Leopold. Annual income, $8000. Board meeting first Monday of the month. Organization meets last Sunday in April. *THE IDEAL. President, Mr. Ben Englehardt; Secretary, A. Norts. ISAIAH TEMPLE, Vincennes Avenue and 45th Street. Founded October 24, 1895. Rabbi, Dr. Joseph Stolz, 157 42d Place. Officers: President, Adolf Kraus; Vice- President, E. Rubovits; Recording Secretary, Rudolph Wolfner, 4544 St. Laurence Avenue; Financial Sec- retary, Benj. Rauh; Treasurer, M. Haber. Board of Directors: L. Buxbaum, Jacob Hart, Abr. Weil, J. Drey- fus, S. M. Becker, Wm. Taussig, David May, Jacob Franks. Board meeting fourth Thursday evening of the month. Members, 170. Services: Saturday, 10.30 a.m.; Sunday, 11 a.m. Religious School: Saturday, 9 to 10.30 a. m. Pupils, 225. Annual income, $8000. Aux- iliary Societies: Women's Society of Isaiah Temple, Alumni Association, composed of confirmants, Young Men's Club for Study of Jewish Bible and History. [TEMPLE] ISRAEL, corner 44th Street and St. Laurence Ave- nue, Chicago, 111. Founded August 3, 1896. Rabbi, Isaac S. Moses. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, S. Wise; Vice-President, A. L. Weil; Treasurer, Max L. Wolf; Secretary, S. S. Jonas; Financial Secretary, I. M. Solomon; S. Lewinson, S. Schweitzer, S. C. Kanter, M. Morris and I. S. Moses. Board meeting third Wednes- day of the month. Members, 78. Services: Friday, 8 p. m.; Saturday, 10 a. m.; and every Jewish festival. Religious School, Sunday, 9.30 to 11.30 a. m. Pupils, 90. Annual income, $3500 to $4000. Auxiliary Societies: Ladies' Society of Temple Israel, Young People's Bible Study. 130 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

Chicago {continued). JEWISH TRAINING SCHOOL, 199 W. 12th Place. Founded October, 1890. Officers: President, Henry L. Frank; Superintendent, G. Bamberger; Secretary, Dr. Joseph Stolz. Board of Trustees: Henry L. Frank, Leo Fox, Leopold Schlesinger, Louis Eckstein, Lessing Rosenthal, Joseph Stolz, Harry Pflaum; Mesdames Em. Mandel, Chas. Stettauer, Oscar Foreman, Susie Calm, James Witkowsky, Morris Selz, Adolph Stein. Members, about 500. Annual income, about $16,000. Board meeting first Wednesday of the month (except July and August). Organization meets second Tuesday in October. The annual expenses amount to about $22,000; the annual deficit of from $4000 to $6000 is covered by special and private efforts. *JOCHANAH LODGE (Philanthropic). *THE LAKESIDE. President, Mr. Philip Stein, 4340 Grand Bd.; Secretary, Mr. Henry Kohn, 2959 Groveland. *MICHAEL REESK HOSPITAL, 29th, N. E. corner Groveland Ave- nue. President, Isaac Greensfelder; Financial Secre- tary, Chas. Hefter; Recording Secretary, Julian W. Mack; Treasurer, Alfred M. Snydacker; Superintendent, B. I. David. *MICHAEL REESE TRAINING SCHOOL FOR NURSES. * [CONGREGATION] MIKRO KODESH, 76 W. 12th Place. Services, Saturday, 10 a. m. [CONGREGATION] MOSES MONTEFIORE, 130 Augusta Street. Founded December 1, 1875. Rabbi, Isaiah Agat, 1037 Milwaukee Avenue. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, S. Salinger; Vice-President, L. Kuttner; Sec- retary, L. Fuchs, 640 N. Lavit Street; Treasurer, E. Wadeka. Trustees: M. Liberman, S. Sibert, E. Malkan, A. Magnus, A. Zallo. Board meeting second Sunday in the month. Members, 50. Services: Fridays, 7 p. m.; Saturdays, 9 a.m.; and all holidays, including Purim and Tishah Beav. Religious School: Sunday, 10 a.m.; Tuesdays and Thursdays, 4 p. m. Pupils, 40. Annual income, $1500. Auxiliary Society, Sisters of Moses Montefiore. NORTH CHICAGO HEBREW CONGREGATION, La Salle Avenue and Goethe Street. Founded September 7, 1867. Rabbi Emeritus, Dr. A. Norden; Rabbi, Abram Hirschberg. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, A. J. Frank; Vice-President, S. Birkenstein; Treasurer, S. Eichberg; Financial Secretary, J. Benzion; Secretary, D. Birken- DIEECTOBY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 131

Chicago (continued). stein, and E. N. Weil, L. Baer, H. Elkan, E. C. Ham- burgher, B. Lowenthal, A. Yondorf. Board meeting first Thursday of each month. Members, 165. Services, Friday evening at 7.45 and Saturday morning at 10.30. Religious School, Sunday morning, 9.30 to 11.30. Pupils, 150. Auxiliary Societies: Ladies' Auxiliary, Ladies' Sew- ing Society, Baron Hirsch Ladies' Aid, Young People's Union. * [CONGREGATION] OHAVO AMUNO BETH HAMEDBASH HACHO- DOSH, 386 Clark. President, Philip Drazdowitz; Secre- tary, Henry Levy. Rabbi, L. Anixter. [CONGREGATION] OHAVO SHOLOM MARIAMPOL, 582-584 S. Canal Street. Founded 1870. Rabbi, A. S. Braudle, 93 W. 13th Street. Assistant, Ch. Alexandrowich. Officers: Presi- dent, Jacob Berkson; Vice-President, Isaac Etchokin; Treasurer, H. Stern; Secretary, H. Etchokin, 191 Max- well Street. Board of Trustees: L. Corper, M. Zietenfeld, M. Davis, M. J. Berson, Sam. Berger, Abraham Cohn. Board meeting every second Saturday evening in month. Members, 150. Services: daily at 6 a. m., 4 p. m. and 6 p. m.; and every Saturday at 9 a. m., 3 p. m. and 7 p. m. Annual income, $5000. Auxiliary Societies: Hebrew Loan Association, Mishno U'gmoro, Young Men's Talmud Association. * [CONGREGATION] POWAIEI ZEDECK. President, M. Richman; Secretary, M. Goldberg. Rabbi, B. Cohn. Services, 7 a. m. and 4 p. m. daily. THE SEVENTH WARD DISTRICT BUREAU OF ASSOCIATED CHARI- TIES. Chairman, Mrs. Henry Solomon; Secretary, Mrs. M. Ederheimer; Treasurer, Mrs. Jacob Abt; Superintend- ent, Minnie F. Low. Co-operates with Hull House and other organizations. Object: To secure justice for the poor in the police courts and obtain admission into institutions for dependents and delinquents. *SOUTH SIDE HEBREW CONGREGATION, 3435-37 Indiana Avenue. President, L. Rosenbaum. Members, 85. *THE STANDARD, Michigan Avenue and 24th Street. Presi- dent, Mr. Edwin G. Foreman, 3750 Michigan Avenue; Secretary, Mr. Simon A. Kohn, 3541 Ellis Avenue. [CONGREGATION] TIFERES YISROEL ANSHE LUKNIK, 174 W. 14th Street. Founded December, 1891. Rabbi, Harris Kaplan. Assistants, M. L. Cohen, H. S. Drore, I. M. Cohen. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, A. W. Sandier, 195 W. 14th Street; Vice-President, Abraham 132 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

Chicago (continued). Crone; Secretary, H. S. Drore; H. Dimond, M. Cohen, H. Calitz. Board meeting twice a month. Members, 70. Services three times daily. Religious School, from 8 to 10 a. m. Pupils, 50. Annual income, $800. Auxiliary Societies: Gamilus Chasodim, Chevra Tillim, Chevra Gemorah. THE UNITED HEBREW CHABITIES OF CHICAGO, Relief and Labor Bureau, 223 26th Street; Hospital, 29th Street and Groveland Avenue; Dispensary, 309 and 311 S. Morgan Street. Founded 1859 as United Hebrew Relief Associa- tion; new charter under above name in 1888; both char- ters retained; but one society under new name in active work. Officers, President, Isaac Greensfelder; Vice- President, Herman F. Hahn; Treasurer, Alfred M. Sny- dacker; Financial Secretary, Chas. Hefter; Recording Secretary, Julian W. Mack, 108 La Salle Street. Board of Trustees: one year, Dankmar Adler, Leo Fox, Henry Elkan, Henry L. Frank, Jacob Rosenberg, Maurice Rosenfeld, Jos. M. Schnadig, Simon W. Strauss; two years, Bernard Cahn, Edwin G. Foreman, George Frank, Henry N. Hart, Mrs. J. M. Loeb, B. Loewenthal, Edwin F. Meyer, Mrs. Leo Strauss. Members of Board of Delegates: about 125, appointed by constituent bodies in proportion to contribution; no direct membership. Annual income: Relief, about $27,500; Labor Bureau, $1750; Hospital and Dispensary, $45,000-$50,000. Board meeting monthly, first Tuesday. Organization meets annually, early in October. Objects: Outdoor relief, employment bureau, hospital. Does not include Jewish Manual Training School, Jewish Orphans' Home and Home for Aged Jews. The Ladies' Sewing Societies, Baron Hirsch Ladies' Aid Society, Jochanah Lodge and Deborah Verein attend to relief matters out of their own funds but in direct co-operation with us. Their income for this is from $4000-$8000 annually. Chicago Woman's Aid spends about $1000 in a Woman's Sewing Room in co-operation with us. All of these are constituent societies. In addition to them are the Congregations, which collect the annual relief subscriptions; the lodges, which contribute $50-$150; the Y. M. H. C. O., which contrib- utes to all branches about $15,000. The hospital annual subscriptions are made direct, but give no representation in the Board of Delegates. *UNITY CLUB, 3140 Indiana Avenue. President, I. R. Gardner, 3644 Prairie Avenue; Secretary, H. Eliel, 4525 Forrest- ville Avenue. DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 133

Chicago (continued). *WOMEN'S AID, LOAN SOCIETY. Furnishes loans in small sums to worthy poor. President, Mrs. A. Robin. *WORK-ROOM FOR JEWISH WOMEN. Supported by various women's organizations and by subscription. Provides work for poor Jewish women, and pays them in food, clothing, fuel and rent. YOUNG MEN'S HEBREW CHARITY ORGANIZATION. Founded 1881. Officers: President, Sidney Loewenstein; Vice- President, Henry C. Schwab; Treasurer, Adolph Kurz; Financial Secretary, Horatio S. Simons; Recording Sec- retary, Abraham W. Meyer. Board of Directors: Louis Eckstein, Israel Schrimski, Benj. V. Becker, Abr. Pflaum, Abr. K. Adler, Alfred S. Austrian, Alfred M. Snydacker, James I. Loeb, Edward F. Meyer "and Ben. Auerbach. Members, 550. Organization meets first Monday in March. Object: To aid the charitable and philanthropic organizations of this city. *ZION CONGREGATION, Ogden Avenue, S. E. corner Washing- ton Boulevard. President, Rudolph Gerber; Secretary, William Wilhartz; Treasurer, Adolph Stein. Rabbi Emeritus, Dr. B. Felsenthal; Rabbi, Joseph K. Arnold. Services: Friday, 8 p.m.; Saturday, 10.30 a. m. Sabbath School, Sunday, 9.30 a. m. Peoria * [CONGREGATION] ANSHE EMETH. Rabbi, Charles S. Levi. President, Sam'l Woolner; Secretary, M. H. Retzwoller. Members, 72. Quincy [CONGREGATION] B'NAI SHALOM. Founded 1865. Rabbi, Elias Eppstein. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, Wolf Joseph; Vice-President, Moses Kingsbacker; Alfred J. Levy, Harry Swimmer, David Stern, Ben. Vasen, Harry Nelke. Board meeting every three months. Members, 26. Services: Friday and holidays, 7.30 p.m.; Saturdays and holidays, 10 a. m. Religious School, Sunday, from 9.30 to 11.30 a. m. Pupils, 52. Annual income, about $1200. Auxiliary Societies: Relief Society, supported by the members of the Congregation; Ladies' Benevolent and Ladies' Aid Society; Teachers' Union. Cemetery: Valley of Peace. HEBREW LADIES' BENEVOLENT SOCIETY. Founded July 1, 1863. Officers: President, Mrs. Julia Vasen; Vice-Presi- dent, Mrs. Bertha Silberman; Secretary, Mrs. Jennie L. 134 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAE BOOK Quincy (continued). Nelke, 1235 E. Maine Street; Treasurer, Mrs. Laura Davidson. Board of Trustees: the above officers and Mrs. Emma Joseph, Mrs. Bella Strouse and Mrs. Clara Kingsbacker. Members, 23. Annual income, $69. Or- ganization meets first Wednesday of July, October, Jan- uary, April. Springfield [CONGREGATION] B'RITH SHOLOM. Founded 1865. Eabbi, Ab- raham Traugott, 422 N. 4th Street. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, S. Benjamin; Vice-President, Albert Salzenstein; Treasurer, B. A. Lange; Secretary, M. Benjamin, 800 N. 7th Street; Trustees: Albert Myers, Solomon Stern, Myer Seeberger, E. Lilienstein. Board meeting first Sunday of the month. Members, 50. Ser- vices: Friday, 7.30 p.m.; Sabbath, 10 a. m. Religious School, 9.30 a. m. Auxiliary Society, Ladies' Auxiliary Society. INDIANA Attica *RELIGIOUS SCHOOL. Superintendent, Mrs. Rachel Levor. Evansville [CONGREGATION] B'NAI ISRAEL, corner Division and 6th. Founded 1864. Rabbi, Israel Klein. President, Abe Strause; Vice-President, I. Hyman; Secretary, Henry E. Gumbert; Treasurer, Silas Ichenheimer. Trustees: N. Gross, Ph. Fuey, D. Hyman, Henry S. Kahn, A. M. Weil. Board meeting first Thursday of the month. Members, 125. Services: Friday, 7.30 p.m.; Saturday, 10 a.m. Religious School, Sunday, 10 to 11.30 a. m. Pupils, about 100. Annual income, $4000. Auxiliary Societies: Ladies' Benevolent Association, Cleveland Orphan Asylum Auxiliary, and Auxiliary for Home of Aged and Infirm. [CONGREGATION] B'NAI MOSHE, Ingle Street, between 6th and 7th Streets. Founded 1875. Rabbi, M. Lieberman. Of- ficers: President, Robert Paul; Vice-President, Elias Horn; Recording Secretary, B. Newman. Board of Trustees: President, Sam. Newman, Louis Greenberg, Philip Skora, H. Minda, Julius Newman. Members, 55. Annual income, about $1500. Board meeting monthly. Organization meets first Sunday in each month. Re- ligious School. DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 135 Evansville (continued). HEBREW LADIES' BENEVOLENT SOCIETY. Founded 1859. Officers: President, Mrs. Obendorfer; Vice-President, Mrs. Cohn; Treasurer, Mrs. Esslinger; Secretary, Mrs. Kronenberger. Board of Trustees: Mrs. Barnett, Mrs. Rotshild, Mrs. Frey and Mrs. Loewenstein. Members, 65. Annual income, $150. Organization meets lour times annually. Object, charity. *MOONT SINAI CEMETERY, on Babytown Road, three miles from court house. Office, 635 Main Street. President, Robert Paul. Secretary, M. Ravdin. Ft. Wayne [CONGBEGATION] ACHDTJTH VESHALOM. Founded October 2, 1848. Rabbi, Frederick Cohn, M. A., 154 Fairfleld Ave- nue. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, Moses Lamley; Vice-President, Abraham Oppenheimer; Secre- tary, Isidor Lehman, 202 W. Wayne Street, Treasurer, Leopold Folk; Leopold Freiburger, Aaron Rothschild, Samuel Chaska, Emanuel Strass. Board meeting first Sunday in each month. Members, 40. Services: Friday, 7.30 p. m.; Saturday, 10.15 a. m. Religious School: Sun- day, 9.30 to 11.15 a.m.; Saturday, 9.15 to 10.15 a. m. Pupils, 40. Auxiliary Societies: Ladies' Hebrew Benev- olent Society, Hebrew Relief. Goshen * [CONGREGATION] SHEEBITH ISEAEL. Rabbi, H. Weinstein. Indianapolis *CONCORDIA SOCIETY. Meets at Reichwein's Hall first Sun- day of the month. Secretary, Eugene J. Hoffman. INDIANAPOLIS HEBREW CONGREGATION, East Market Street. Founded 1856. Rabbi, Meyer Messing. Officers: Presi- dent, David Kahn; Vice-President, Joseph Wineman; Treasurer, Julius Adler; Secretary, Morris Solomon; Warden, Michael Emden. Board of Trustees: Leon Kohn, Solomon S. Kiser and Raphael Kirshbaum. Board meeting1 first Tuesday of each month. Members, 125. Services: Friday, 8 p.m.; Saturday, 10 a.m. Religious School: Saturday, 9 a.m.; Sunday, 10 a.m. Pupils, 125. Annual income, about $4000. *INDIANAPOLIS JUDISCHE BRUDER VEREIN. Meets first Sun- days at Hungarian Synagogue. President, Joseph Grun- wald; Secretary, Joseph Winkler. 136 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

Indianapolis {oontimued). * [CONGREGATION] KENNESSES ISRAEL, N. E. corner Merrill and Eddy Streets. Rabbi, Simon Glassman. Services: daily, 6 a.m. and 6 p.m.; Saturday, 7.30 a.m.; Friday at sundown. *MONTEFIORE SOCIETY. Meets at Market Street Temple every Sunday afternoon. Secretary, Simon Segar. *[CONGREGATION] OHEW ZEDECK (HUNGARIAN), S. W. corner Louisiana and Virginia Avenues. Services: Friday at sundown; Saturday at 8 a. m. * [CONGREGATION] SHARAH TEFILLA, west side of Meridian Street, near Norwood Street. Services: daily, 6 a. m. and 6 p.m.; Saturday, 7.30 a.m.; Friday, sundown. Kokomo ^CONGREGATION. Rabbi, Joseph. Lafayette * [CONGREGATION] AHAVATII ACHIM. Rabbi, Joseph Leiser. Iiigonier * [CONGREGATION] AHAVATH SHOLOM. Rabbi, Julius M. Magil.

Logansport *CONGREGATION. Madison * [CONGREGATION] ADATH ISRAEL, Michigan City * [CONGREGATION] OHAV SHOLOM. Mount Vernon * [CONGREGATION] ANSHE ISRAEL. Rabbi, E. Ellinger.

New Albany *CONGRFJGATION. Peru [CONGREGATION] OR ZION. Founded July 3, 1870. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, H. Baer; Secretary and Treasurer, D. Kittner; Wm. Levi, Jerome Herfl. Board meeting every three months. Members, 16. Ser- vices, every Friday evening and all holidays. Religious School, Sunday morning. Pupils, 23. Annual income, $354. Auxiliary Society, Ladies' Benevolent Society. DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 137

Terre Haute [TEMPLE] ISRAEL, Fourth and Swan Streets. Founded 1885. Rabbi, Samuel N. Deinard, 914 S. Center Street. Officers: President, Isaac Fechheimer; Vice-President, Jos. Fischer; Secretary, Miss Tillie Straus; Treasurer, A. Arnold; Burial-ground Superintendent, M. Blumberg; Sabbath School Superintendent, J. Cadden. Board 'of Trustees: A. Herz, L. Goodman. Organization meets second Sunday in April and special meetings during the year when required. Members, 59. Services, Fri- day, 7.30 p. m. Religious School, Sunday, 10 a. m. Pupils, 25. Auxiliary Societies: Ladies' Aid Society, Ladies' Sewing Circle. Vincennes *[CONGREGATION] B'NAI ISRAEL. Wabash * [CONGREGATION] RODEF SHOLOM. Religious School. Super- intendent, Miss Settie Swartz. IOWA Council Bluffs *COUNCIL BLUFFS HEBREW SOCIETY, 37 N. Main Street. Davenport * [TEMPLE] EMANUEL. Des Moines [CONGREGATION] B'NEI YESHURUN. Founded May, 1872. Rabbi, Solomon H. Sonneschein. Officers: President, Abr. Scheuerman; Vice-President, A. Lang; Treasurer, M. Strauss; Secretary, M. Stern, Centre and 18th Streets. Board of Trustees: M. Goldman, M. Shloss, Hy. Riegel- man. Board meeting first Sunday of the month. 53 resident members, 5 non-residents, 19 seatholders. Services: Friday, 7.30 p. m.; Saturday, 10 a. m. Religious School: Sunday, 9.30 to 12 a. m. Pupils, 67 in four grades and a Confirmation Class. Annual income, about $4200. Auxiliary Society, Ladies' Aid Society. Owns a fine Synagogue free from debt. Has a beautiful burial ground in the large non-sectarian City Cemetery. * [CONGREGATION] THE CHILDREN OF ISRAEL, 617 E. Sixth Street. Services: Saturday, 8 a. m. and 6 p. m. Rabbi, Louis Sherefsky. 138 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK Dubuque SONS OP ABRAHAM. Founded October 5, 1892. Rabbi, David Cohen. Officers and Board of Trustees: James Levi, D. Conigisky, D. Burton, A. Conigisky, L. Brin, Jr., L. Conigisky, M. Lippman. Board meeting1 first Tuesday in month. Members, 65. Services: Saturday, 9 a. m. Annual income, $800. Keokuk * [CONGREGATION] B'NAI ISRAEL. Rabbi, Faber. Sioux City *CONGREGATION, Iowa Avenue, between 5th and 6th Streets. Services: Saturday, 8.30 a. m. Rabbi, S. Simon. MOUNT SINAI CONGREGATION. Founded November 12, 1898. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, Sig. Schulein; Vice-President, Chas. Wise; Treasurer, Julius Pappe; Secretary, Dr. Maxwell E. Silver, 208 Brown Block. Members, 80. KANSAS Atchison * [CONGREGATION] BNAI JESHURUN. Leavenworth *[CONGREGATION] B'NAI YESHURUN. Rabbi, Sigmund Frey. Topeka *[CHEVRA KADISHA] BICKUR CHOLIM. Wichita *A Congregation is about to be formed. KENTUCKY Henderson [CONGREGATION] ADAS ISRAEL. Founded 1879. Reader, M. Heilbronner. Officers: President, Ike Loeb; Vice-Presi- dent, Abe Mann; Secretary, M. J. Hartfield; Treasurer, H. Lauchheim. Board of Trustees: Ike Loeb, Jos. Cohen, Ed. Oberdorfer, M. Levy, E. A. Levi. Board meeting first Tuesday in each month. Members, 21. Services, Friday evening and holidays. Religious School, Sunday morning. Pupils, 30. Annual income, about $600. Aux- iliary Society, Ladies' Auxiliary Society. DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 139

Louisville [CONGREGATION] ADAS ISRAEL, Sixth and Broadway Streets. Founded 1842. Rabbi, Adolf Moses. Officers: President, Chas. Goldsmith; Vice-President, Aaron Kohn; Secre- tary, Isaac David, 9th and Chestnut Streets; Treasurer, Wm. Thalheimer; Warden of Cemetery, A. Rosenbaum; Assistant Secretary, Simon A. Dreifus. Board of Trus- tees: D. Hirsch, F. Hays, S. Grabfelder, E. Klauber, A. Levy, C. Rosenheim, C. J. Rosenham, M. J. Streng, Ben. Straus, A. Seligman, Ed. Sachs, Morris Stern. Board meeting first Monday of the month. Members, 312. Services: Friday, 8 p.m.; Saturday, 10 a.m.; Sunday, 11 a. m. Religious School: Sunday, 9.30 to 11 a. m. Pupils, 250. Annual income, $12,000. * [CONGREGATION] ADAS JESHURUN. Rabbi, Dr. S. F. Salinger. President, B. Schwartz. [CONGREGATION] BNEI JACOB, 454 E. Jefferson Street. Rabbi, Solomon I. Sheinfeld. Officers: President, Simon Weber; Vice-President, W. Smith; Secretary, Moses Arluck. Board of Trustees: H. Rogow, A. Berkowitz, G. Jacob, E. Bass. Board meeting1 first Sunday after new moon. Members, 80. Services daily, 6 a. m. and 6 p. m.; Saturday, 8 a. m. and 5 p. m. Annual income, about $2500. Auxiliary Societies: Society of Mishnah, instructed by Rabbi S. Sheinfeld; Mebhasereth Zion; Bnei Zion and Daughters of Zion. [CONGREGATION] B'RITH SCHOLOM. Founded 1879. Rabbi, Ignatius Mueller, Ph. D; Assistants, six religious teachers. Officers: President, Sam. Weiss; Vice-President, Isaac Wolf; Secretary, Simon Lion, E. Walnut Street; Treasurer, Theobald Blumfield. Trustees: Henry Klein, Isaac Rosenbaum, Samuel Lederman, Sol. Hilpp. Board meeting twice a month. Members, 156. Services: Fri- day, 7.30 p.m.; Saturday, 10 a.m. Religious School: Saturday, 9 to 10 a. m.; Sunday, 9.30 to 12 a. m. Pupils, 100. Auxiliary Societies: Ladies' Benevolent Society K. K. B'rith Scholom. Owensboro * [CONGREGATION] ADATH ISRAEL. Rabbi, Geo. J. Wittelshofer. Paducah [TEMPLE] ISRAEL. Founded 1865. Rabbi, H. G. Enelow. Officers: President, M. Bloom; Vice-President, Henry Weil; Secretary, I. Nauheim; Treasurer, J. Wallerstein. Board of Trustees: seven members. Board meeting first 140 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK Paducah (continued). Sunday of the month. Members, 64. Services: Friday, 7.30 p.m.; Saturday, 10 a, m. Religious School: Sun- days, 10 to 12 a. m. Pupils, 30. Annual income, $3000. Auxiliary Societies: Women's Auxiliary and Benevolent, Bible Circle. LOUISIANA Alexandria *REUGIOUS ScnooL. Superintendent, Dr. A. Rosenspitz. Baton Rouge *[TEMPLE] B'NAI ISRAEL. Rabbi, M. Klein. Monroe CONGREGATION. Rabbi, I. Heinberg-. New Orleans [CONGREGATION] GATES OF PRAYER, corner Chippewah and Jackson Avenues. Founded May 16, 1853. Rabbi, Mor- ris Sessler, 825 Jackson Avenue. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, Leopold Levy; Vice-President, Lazar Schwarz; Treasurer, D. Walbrette; Secretary, Simon Leopold; Jac. Bloch, Wm. Moss, Abr. Asher, Abr. Yuretzky, Julien Cohn, Jos. Weil. Board meeting every first Sunday of the month. Members, 145. Services,: Friday, 7 p. m.; Saturday, 10 a. m. Religious School: Saturday, 9 to 10 a. m.; Sunday, 10 to 12 a. m. Pupils, 98. Annual income, $5360. Auxiliary Society, Monte- flore Ladies' Benevolent Society. *HEBEEW CEMETERY, Elysian Fields Avenue, near Gentilly Avenue. *HEHREW REST CEMETERY, Jackson Avenue, between Saratoga and S. Franklin Streets. *JEWISH ORPHANS' HOME, St. Charles and Peters Avenue. [CHEVRE] MIKVEH ISRAEL. Rabbi, M. Mandelstamm, 510 Carondelet Street. * [CONGREGATION] THE RIGHT WAY, Carondelet Street, between Poydras and Lafayette Streets. Rabbi, S. Gordon. [CONGREGATION] SHANGARAI CHESSED NEFUZOTH JEHUDA TOURO. Founded 1828; reorganized 1882. Rabbi, I. L. Leucht. Officers: President, W. Adler; Vice-President, Gus. Libman; Second Vice-President, Morris Waldhorn; Treasurer, Jacob Kolz; Secretary, Jac. Trautman. Board meeting monthly. Members, 200. Services: Friday, 7 DIBECTOKY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS

New Orleans (continued). p.m.; Saturday, 10 a.m. Religious School, 10 a.m. Pupils, 100. Annual income, $8500. Auxiliary Society, Woman's League. [TEMPLE] SINAI, Carondelet Street, between Howard and Calliope Streets. Founded November 2, 1870. Eabbi, Maximilian Heller, M. L., 1828 Marengo Street. Cantor, Julius Braunfeld. Officers: President, Max Dinkelspiel; First Vice-President, Jos. Simon; Second Vice-President, Hy. Stern; Treasurer, Ferd. Goldsmith; Secretary, Eu- gene H. Gutmann. Board of Trustees: Maurice Stern, Hy. Neuman, S. Gumbel, Gabe Kahn, E. Landauer, Tsaac Levy. Board meeting monthly during winter months. Members, 283. Services: Friday, 7.15 p.m.; Saturday, 10 a.m. Religious School: Sunday, 10 to 11.30 a.m.; Saturday, 9 to 10 a.m.; Tuesday, 3 to 4 p.m. Pupils, about 156. TOUKO INFIRMARY AND HEBREW BENEVOLENT ASSOCIATION, 3516 Prytania Street. Officers: President, N. I. Schwartz; First Vice-President, Rev. I. L. Leucht; Second Vice- President, Harris Hyman; Treasurer, Hy. Stern; Sec- retary, Eug. H. Gutmann. Board of Trustees: G. Lemle, Sim. Weis, S. J. Schwartz, E. Offner, A. Katz, T. J. Feibelman, M. Waldhorn, Nat. Strauss, A. H. Kaiser, A. A. Marx, E. Goetz, I. Hein, L. Krower, S. Pfeifer, Sol. Stern, S. Mendelsohn, H. Neugass, E. Landauer, G. Aletrino, E. L. Weil. Members, 549. Annual income, $57,000. Board meeting second Sunday of each month. Organization meets annually in March. Objects: Pro- viding for the sick, the needy (both resident and stranger), the aged and infirm, sustaining a large free clinic, in fact every department of charity except the support of orphans, which belongs to the Orphans' Home in this city. YOUNG MEN'S HEBREW ASSOCIATION, 1205 St. Charles Street. President, Leopold Levy; First Vice-President, A. Heidenheim; Second Vice-President, L. H. Weil; Third Vice-President, A. Aschaffenberg; Corresponding Secre- tary, A. Lichtentag; Financial Secretary, E. H. Gut- mann; Treasurer, S. Weis; Librarian, Phineas Moses; General Manager, Alex. Weil. Opelousas * [CONGREGATION] GEMILATH CHASODIM. Plaquemine * [CONGREGATION] OHAVAI SHOLOM. 142 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK Shreveport [CONGREGATION] HEBEEW ZION, Fannin between Market and Edwards. Founded 1868. Rabbi, Israel Sanger. Presi- dent, W. Winter; Vice-President, Isaac Baron; Secretary, Jake M. Kaufman; Treasurer, Leon B. Kahn. Services: Friday, 7.30 p.m.; Saturday, 10 a. m. Members, 94. Religious School, Sunday, 10 a. m. Annual income, $3500. MAINE Auburn [CONGREGATION] BACE ABBAHAM, 70 Second Street. Founded September 10, 1898. Rabbi, Matus Soloway. Assistants, M. Phenig and H. Shapiro. Officers: President, H. M. Lempert; Vice-President, L. Abromson; H. Sevage and B. Backlenick. Board meeting first Sunday of each month. Members, 35. Services: Saturday, 8 a. m. and 4 and 7 p.m.; Friday, 7 p.m. Annual income, $250. Biddeford HEBREW CONGREGATION. Founded 1892. President, H. Shapiro, 57 Hill Street. Board meeting first Sunday of the month. Members, 7. Services: Saturday, 9 to 11 a. m. Annual income, about $150. Lewiston [CONGREGATION] BASS JACOB, 34 Chestnut Street. Rabbis, Simon Segal and Rosenburg. Officers and Board of Trustees: Max Cohen, M. Supovitz, H. I. Berman, A. Shalit, K. Klatchkey, H. Goodkowsky. Members, about 40. Services daily, 6 a.m.; Saturday, 7.30 a.m., 4.30 and 7.30 p. m., in winter 5.30 p. m. Annual income, $400 to $500. MARYLAND Baltimore [CONGREGATION] ADATH YESHUBUN, 127 S. Exeter Street. Founded 1887. Officers: President, B. Smith; Vice-Presi- dent, L. Levin; Secretary, B. Blumenthal, 1024 E. Fayette Street. Board of Trustees: Appelstein, S. Hoff- man. Congregation meets second and fourth Sunday. Members, 42. Synagogiie services three times daily. Gemara classes, 6 to 8 p. m.; Mishna classes, 5 to 6 a. m. Class members, 10. Annual income, $2000. Auxiliary Societies: Chevra Mishna, Chevra Kadisha. Cemetery, Philadelphia Road. DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 143 Baltimore (continued). [CONGREGATION] AITZ CHAJIM, 14-16 N. Exeter Street. Founded 1887. Cantor, S. Schafferman. Officers: Presi- dent, A. Friedenberg; Vice-President, M. Cohen; Treas- urer, B. Rudo; Secretary, E. Tamres, 308 S. Eden Street. Board of Trustees: I. Sachs, Ch. Naselsky, E. Goldstein. Congregation meets the second and fourth Sunday of the month. Members, 80. Synagogue services three times daily; Talmud classes for adults, 6 to 8 p. m. Class members, 10. Annual income, $800. Auxiliary Society, Chevra Kadisha. Cemetery, Washington Road. [CONGREGATION] ANSHE EMUNAH, corner Hanover Street and Welcome Alley. Founded 1887. Cantor, S. Seidman. Officers: President, J. Felser; Vice-President, M. Feder; Treasurer, I. Levinstein; Secretary, R. Grinspoon, 14 E. York Street. Trustees: M. Berman, J. Stein, M. Blum- berg, A. Leibowitz. Congregation meets second and fourth Sunday of the month. Members, 90. Religious services three times daily. Talmud Torah School for children from 4 to 7 p. m. daily. Pupils, 50. Annual income, $2800. Auxiliary Society: Chevra Kadisha, 90 members. Cemetery, Washington Road. Talmud class for adults, W. Samuelson, instructor, meets 6 to 8 p. m. daily; number in class, 15. [CONGREGATION] ANSHE SPHARD, 148 N. High Street. Founded February 3, 1891. Cantor, S. Graffman. Officers: President, A. Greenstein; Vice-President, M. Friedel; Treasurer, S. Cohen; Secretary, A. Harrison, 114 N. High Street. Board of Trustees: A. Kamarowitz, I. Dubinsky, S. Skurnick. Congregational meetings first and third Sundays. Members, 97. Synagogue services three times daily. Talmud class for adults between 6 and 8 p. m. Class members, 25. Annual income, $2000. Auxiliary Societies: Chevra Thilim; Chevra Kadisha. Cemetery, Philadelphia Road. THE BALTIMORE FELL'S POINT HEBREW FRIENDSHIP CONGRE- GATION. Founded 1848. Rabbi, M. Rosenstein, Ph. D., 1306 N. Broadway. Officers: President, Sigfried New- berger; Vice-President, Sam'l Berney; Treasurer, Sol. Hamburger; Secretary, M. L. Himmel. Board of Trus- tees: Chas. Burk, Julius Greenwald, Win. Waldorf, Benj. Frank. Board meeting first Monday evening in month. Members, 32. Services: Friday, at sundown; Saturdays, summer 9, winter 10 a. m. Religious School: Satur- days, 9 to 10 a.m.; Sundays, 9.45 to 11.45 a.m. Pupils, 144 AMEKICAN JEWISH YEAK BOOK Baltimore (contmued). 112. Annual income, about $3500. Auxiliary Societies: Ladies' Auxiliary, Young People's Aid Society. BALTIMORE HEBREW CONGREGATION, corner Madison Ave- nue and Kobert Street. Founded 1829. Rabbi, Adolf Guttmacher, 1833 Linden Avenue. Assistant (Cantor), Jacob D. Marmor. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, Alexander Frank; Vice-President, Samuel Frank; Treasurer, Joseph Miller; Secretary, Solomon Preiss, 125 W. Baltimore Street, and six trustees. Board meeting monthly. Members, 225. Services: Friday, 6 p.m.; Saturday, 10 a.m.; Children's service, Saturday, 4 p. m. Religious School: Sunday, 9 to 12 a.m. Pupils, 300. Annual income, about $20,000. Auxiliary Society, Ladies' Auxiliary Society. [CONGREGATION] BETH HAKNESSETH ANSHE NEJIN NUSSACH HOARY, 616 E. Fayette Street. Founded 1891. Cantor, S. L. Goldberg. Officers: President, I. Ch. Dragunsky; Vice-President, M. Kotkin; Treasurer, N. Horringer; Secretary, D. M. Bernstein, 616 E. Fayette Street. Board of Trustees: M. Epstein, M. Neustadt. Congre- gation meets every other Sunday. Members, 35. Syna- gogue services three times daily. Annual income, $500. Auxiliary Society, Chevra Kadisha. Cemetery, Phila- delphia Road. [CONGREGATION] BETH HAMIDRASH ANSHE VOLIN, SHOMRE MISHJIEBETH HAKODESH, 108 Albemarle Street. Founded 1892. Cantor, M. Katzner. Officers: President, A. M. Blumenfeld; Vice-President, A. Kordish; Treasurer, G. Fuchs; Secretary, M. Katzner, 628 E. Lombard Street. Board of Trustees: A. Fuchs, M. Katzner. Board meeting second and fourth Sunday of the month. Members, 30. Synagogue services three times daily. Annual income, $300. Auxiliary Society, Chevra Kadisha. Ceme- tery, Philadelphia Road. [CONGREGATION] BETH HAMIDRASH HAGODOL AGUDATH ACHIM, S. E. corner High and Stiles Streets. Founded June, 1899. Rabbi and Cantor, M. R. Rivkind. Officers: Treas- urer, A. Bass; Secretary, B. Miller, 1004 E. Pratt Street. Board meeting every Sunday. Members, 160. Services, three times daily. Talmud School for adults, every morning and evening. Attendants, 30. Auxiliary Soci- ety, Bible Class. President and other officers have not yet been elected. DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 145

Baltimore (continued). [CONGREGATION] BETH ISRAEL, 1429 Gough Street. Pounded 1887. Cantor, N. Glasser. Officers: President, R. Abra- hams; Vice-President, I. Harris; Treasurer, I. Philips; Secretary, J. Levin, corner Pratt and Albemarle Streets. Board of Trustees: Y. Karp, S. Levin. Board meeting every other Sunday. Members, 35. Synagogue services, morning and evening1. Mishna Class, Saturday, 3 p. m. Class members, 10. Annual income, $250. Auxiliary Society, Chevra Kadisha. Cemetery, Philadelphia Road. [CONGREGATION] BETH JACOB ANSHE KURLAND (formerly POEL ZEDEK), 114-116 N. Exeter Street. Founded 1888. Cantor, A. H. Kramer. Officers: President, M. Aaron- son; Vice-President, E. Hurwitz; Treasurer, B. Jacob- son; Secretary, S. Hyman, 209 N. High Street. Board of Trustees: B. Krieger, A. Wolf, L. Baklar. Board meeting every three months. Members, 90. Synagogue services, three times daily. Talmud Class for adults, 5.30 to 8 a. m. and 6 to 8.30 p. m. Class members, 20. Annual income, $2500. Auxiliary Society: Chevra Thilim, 60 members. [CONGREGATION] BETH JACOB NUSSACH ASHKENAZ, 253 N. Exeter Street. Officers: President, H. Schersky; Secre- tary, M. Slatowsky. Members, 20. BETH RACHEL RELIEF ASSOCIATION, Manhattan Hall, 1012 E. Baltimore Street. Founded March, 1893. Officers: President, J. Weinberg; Vice-President, Mrs. A. Cohen; Treasurer, Mrs. Mary Hurwitz; Secretary, Nathan Den- inson, 221 S. Eden Street. Trustees: Mrs. Rubin, Mrs. Rabinowitz. Members, 380. Annual income, $1000. Board meeting quarterly. Organization meets every other Sunday. Object: To render assistance to sick women, mostly during confinement. Auxiliary Society, Aitz Chayim. When a member of the latter dies, Kaddish is said even if she leaves children. Her name is engraved on a tablet and other honors are shown her. The chief society and its auxiliary consist entirely of women, except the president and the secretary. [CONGREGATION] BICKUR CIIOLIM, N. High Street. Founded May 15, 1864. Rabbi, Duborvich. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, J. Goldman; Vice-President, H. Pimes; Secretary, S. Frank, 1309 W. North Avenue; H. Mitnick, A. Goldstein. Board meeting first Sunday in the month. Members, 40. Services: every morning,- evening, Saturdays and holidays. Annual income, $1500. 10 146 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

Baltimore (contvwued). [CONGREGATION] B'NAI ISRAEL, Lloyd Street. Founded 1S74. Cantor, M. J. Braude. Sexton, D. W. Jacobs. Officers: President, I. Moss; Vice-President, D. Caplan; Treasurer, L. Lesser; Secretary, Abram S. Schochet, 263 N. Exeter Street. Board of Trustees: Chas. Dubowsky, M. Gold- berg, S. Cooper, D. Bernstein. Congregation meets monthly. Members, 89. Synagogue services, three times daily. Talmud school for adults between 4 and 7 p. m. and from 7.30 till 9 p. m. Class members, about 20. Annual income, about $3500. Auxiliary Societies: Chevra Thilim, having 300 members; Chevra Kadisha. Cemetery, Philadelphia Road. BOARD OF JEWISH MINISTERS OP BALTIMORE. Founded 1896. President, Benjamin Szold; Secretary, A. Guttmacher, 1833 Linden Avenue. Members, 7. Meeting monthly. Object: Discussion of communal questions. CHESSED SHEL EMETH (FREE BUBIAL SOCIETY), Carroll Hall, 1011 E. Baltimore Street. Founded September, 1897. Officers: President, L. Zimbler; Vice-President, A. Kamarowitz; Treasurer, A. Goldstein; Secretary, D. Petchenick, 1006 Low Street. Members, 400. Annual income, $1000. Organization meets every second and fourth Sunday. Object: Free burial; 40 burials per annum. [CONGREGATION] CHIZZUK EMOONAH, corner McCulloh and Mosher Streets. Founded April, 1871. Rabbi, Dr. Henry Wm. Schneeberger, 1628 Druid Hill Avenue. Cantor, Herman Glass. Officers: President, Dr. Aaron Frieden- wald, 310 N. Eutaw Street; Vice-President, M. S. Levy; Treasurer, Joseph Levi; Secretary, Milton Fleischer. Trustees: B. Rosenaur, Wm. Levy, Jacob Joseph, L. Steppacher. Board meeting first week of every month. Members, 40; seatholders, 60. Services: daily, morning and evening; Friday evening and Saturday morning and Saturday afternoon. Religious Schools: two, one up town and one down town; daily instruction \yz hours, and Sundays 2 hours. Pupils, 330. Annual income, $4200. Auxiliary Societies: Ladies' Auxiliary Society, Young Ladies' Union, Beth Hamidrash Associa- tion. CLOVER CLUB, Madison Avenue. Founded August, 1895. Officers: President, Max Haas; Vice-President, Nathan Hess; Treasurer, Isaac Gold; Secretary, Sam'l Aflelder; Chairman Executive Committee, Leon Schiff. Board of DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 147 Baltimore (contvmed). Governors: Frank Simon, Benj. Bernei, Moses Water- man. Members, 125. Annual income, $1500. Board meeting first Tuesday of the month. Organization meets first Monday in February. Object, social. DAUGHTERS IN ISBAEL, 1200 E. Baltimore Street. Organized 1890. Officers: Honorary President, Mrs. Bertha Eayner Frank; President, Mrs. J. I. Cohen; Vice-Presidents, Mrs. S. J. Adler, Mrs. D. Lowenstein, Miss Rachel Frank; Treasurer, Mrs. Aaron Strauss; Secretary, Mrs. Leon Mann, 1817 Bolton Street; Treasurer for Working Girls' Home, Mrs. B. H. Hartogensis. Board of Governors: Mesdames J. I. Cohen, Max Greif, Edgar Lazarus, Hiram Wiesenfeld, M. S. Halle, L. Bettelheim, C. Weinberg, Leon Lauer, Jos. Wiesenfeld, Misses L. A. Myers, Rose Sommerfeld, Miriam Stromberg, Florence Ambach. Members, 200. Annual income, about $2500. Board meeting first Thursday of the month. Organization meets in May. The organization is made up of six Circles, each doing distinct work. FBANK SABBATH SCHOOL, 1200 E. Baltimore Street. Founded October, 1887. Patroness, Mrs. Bertha Rayner Frank. Sessions of the school, Saturday afternoon, from Octo- ber to June. Pupils, 250. The school has no income, the expenditure ($125) being borne by Mrs. Frank. The school is taught by ten teachers. GEMILATH CHASSODIM (HEBREW FREE LOAN ASSOCIATION), 1153 E. Lombard Street. Founded January 3, 1898. Officers: President, L. Lesser; Vice-Presidents, M. J. Braude, L. Walenstein; Treasurer, D. Kaplan; Secretary, A. J. Mintz, 205 Harrison Street. Board of Trustees: A. J. Sugar, W. Becker, L. Edlowitz, L. Zimbler, I. Rob- inson, H. Wolbarsht, S. Cooper, B. Balk, M. Leibow, J. Goldman, L. B. Jacobson, H. Schlossberg, I. Rubinstein, J. Greenblatt, I. Hendler, A. Kamarowitz, S. Jacobson, S. Reif, I. Moss, A. Sklar, A. Sauber, M. P. Silberman. Members, 100. Annual income, about $250. Board meeting every Wednesday. Organization meets in April. Object: To lend small amounts of money without interest to worthy people, who must sign a note, and refund in weekly installments of 50 cents. Two indorsers of the note are required. [CONGBEGATION] HAB SINAI, corner Bolton and Wilson Streets. Incorporated November, 1843. Rabbi, Dr. C. A. Rubinstein. Officers: President, Levi Witz; Vice- 148 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

Baltimore (continued). President, Ed. Hollander; Treasurer, L. B. Kohn; Recording Secretary, A. H. Likes; Financial Secretary, Moses Brenner. Board of Trustees: S. Trautman, M. Shakman, L. Sinsheimer, Dr. A. B. Arnold, Dr. S. L. Frank. Board meeting first Thursday of each month. Members, 81. Services: Saturday, 10.30 a.m.; Sunday, 11 a. m. Religious School: every Sunday morning except in June, July and August. Pupils, 110. Annual income, $8604.50. Auxiliary Societies: Ladies' Auxiliary Society, Sinai Society. HARMONY CIRCLE. Founded 1862. Officers: President, Jacob Preiss; Vice-President, H. I. Hamburger; Recording Sec- retary, Sylvan H. Lauchheimer; Treasurer, Jesse Ros- enfeld; Financial Secretary, Isaac Oppenheimer. Ex- ecutive Officers: Leon Coblens, Louis B. Bernei, Louis N. Gutman. Members, 90 unmarried, active; 125 mar- ried and contributing. Annual income, $3500. Organ- ization meets second Tuesday in April. Object, social intercourse. No club house; probably the oldest organization of its kind in the country. HEBREW BENEVOLENT SOCIETY OF BALTIMOKE, 205 W. Fayette Street. Incorporated November 19, 1856. Officers: Presi- dent, Moses Pels; "Vice-President, Jos. Miller; Treasurer, M. S. Levy; Secretary, Moses Brenner. Board of Trus- tees: Hy. Hartman, H. S. Lewyt, I. Lowenthal, M. Keyser, D. Lowenstine, D. Oppenheimer, E. Drey, J. H. Wyman, L. B. Kohn, Jul. Stiefel, M. B. Eiseman, M. Greif, L. Straus, M. L. Straus, E. Rohr, J. Meyer, M. Fraiik, Saml. Strouse. Members, 700. Annual income, about $23,000. Board meeting last Sunday of each month. Organiza- tion meets February 1 each year. Object, to aid poor and distressed Israelites. HEBREW FREE BURIAL ASSOCIATION. Founded 1868. Officers: President, Jos. Miller; First Vice-President, Dr. Aaron Friedenwald; Second Vice-President, Wm. Eichengreen; Treasurer, Leon SchifE; Secretary, S. L. Auerbach, 1628 McCulloh Street. Board of Trustees: J. Herman, E. Rohr, M. Himmel, M. S. Levy, Julius Wyman, Philip Lobe, M. Hess, Julius Rotholtz, Jos. Schenthal, Sam'l Straus, Philip Joseph, Jacob Meyer. Members, 408. Annual income, $1100. Board meeting third Sunday in January, April, July and October. Organization meets third Sunday in January. HEBREW FREE KINDERGARTEN AND DAY NURSERY, 119 Ais- quith Street. Founded October, 1895. Officers: Presi- DIEECTOEY OF LOCAL OEGANIZATIONS 149

Baltimore {continued). dent, Mrs. J. J. Seldner; Vice-President, Mrs. Eva Blum; Treasurer, Miss Stella Aronson; Becording Secretary, Miss Adelaide Guggenheimer; Corresponding Secretary, Miss Hattie Hecht, 2337 Madison Avenue. Board of Directors: Mrs. Eva Blum, Mrs. L. Gottschalk, Mrs. Charles Gans, Mrs. N. J. Haas, Mrs. Alois Kaiser, Mrs. L. Strouse, Mrs. H. Pincus, Mrs. S. W. Seldner, Miss C. Kaufman, Miss I. Lansburgh, Miss M. Mandelbaum, Miss I. Eose, Miss E. Stein, Miss H. Van Leer, Mrs. L. Schlesinger, Miss Miriam Ash, Miss Lizzie Affelder, Miss Fannie Blumenthal, Miss Ehrman, Miss H. Frisch, Miss E. Guggenheimer, Miss H. Hartogensis, Miss B. Hamburger, Miss Eose Lieblich, Miss Bertha Liebman, Miss H. Newman, Miss E. Schiff, Miss I. Wheatfield, Mrs. E. Dettelbach, Mrs. H. Sonneborn. Board meeting second Tuesday of the month. Members, 300. An- nual income, abbut $4000. Auxiliary Society: Young Ladies' Sewing Circle. The average daily attendance in the Day Nursery is 25. In the Kindergarten 200 children are enrolled, with an average attendance of 25. HEBREW FRIENDLY INN (HACHNOSSOTH ORCHIII), 1153 E. Lombard Street. Founded March 8, 1891. Officers: President, A. J. Sugar; Vice-Presidents, J. Krulewitch and S. Baroway; Treasurer, A. Sauber; Secretary, Lewis Mendelson, 1012 E. Fayette Street. Board of Trustees: C. Cohen, I. Kaplan, N. Greenberg, A. Kamarowitz, H. Ford, A. Myers, L. Lessner, L. Edlowitz, A. Kress, E. Fried, L. Zimbler, P. Barkus, H. Eothstein, J. Green- blatt, J. Braude, S. Graffman, S. Baum, B. L. Living- stone, D. Kaiser, D. Petchenick, Buslick Friedel, M. Leibow, S. Jacobson, D. Andriessy, Chas. W. Londo.n, B. Eivkind, M. Silverman. Members, 270. Annual income, about $1700. Board meeting every Monday evening. Organization meets in September, generally Choi Hamoed Succoth. Object: Furnishing temporary free board and lodging to strangers. During the last year 1660 strangers were given lodging and board at the inn. HEBREW HOSPITAL AND ASYLUM ASSOCIATION, Monument and Ann Streets. Founded 1868. Officers: President, Menka Friedman; Vice-President, Samuel Kahn; Treasurer, Levi Greif; Secretary, A. S. Adler, 2044 Linden Avenue. Board of Trustees: Isaac Strouse, Joseph Leopold, Lewis Hamburger, Samuel Frank, Simon Eosenburg, Lewis Eing, N. H. Hirshberg, Max Ambach, Lewis Schloss, A. 150 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

Baltimore (continued). S. Adler, Dr. S. L. Frank, Julius Gutman. Members, 577. Annual income, $23,000. Board meeting monthly. Organization meets yearly, in January. HEBREW LADIES' ORPHANS' AID SOCIETY. Founded 1877. Officers: President, Mrs. Jos. Grinsfelder; Vice-President, Mrs. Fred. Nassauer; Treasurer, Mrs. Joel Gutman; Secretary, Mrs. M. Holzman, 2014 Madison Avenue. Board of Directors: Mmes. D. Ambach, H. S. Adler, M. Bornheim, S. Baer, E. Fuld, E. Fellheimer, S. L. Frank, M. Goldenberg, A. Hecht, S. Hamburger, C. Kann, L. Likes, I. Lobe, S. Latz, S. Lowenthal, D. Newhoff, M. J. Oppenheimer, H. Sonneborn, A. Weil, Miss Free- burger, Mrs. S. Joseph. Members, 1000. Annual income, $500. Board meeting first Tuesday in each month. Organization meets first Tuesday in May. Objects: Providing for orphans who have been discharged from the Asylum upon reaching the age limit, until they become self-supporting; also contributing toward the support of the Home. Tins HEBREW LADIES' SEWING SOCIETY, corner Howard and Lexington Streets. Founded May 13, 1861. Officers: President, Mrs. Jos. Grinsf elder; Vice-President, Mrs. Leopold Strouse; Corresponding Secretary, Mrs. J. Schoeneman, 2002 Bolton Street; Recording Secretary, Rev. Alois Kaiser, 1713 Linden Avenue. Board of Trus- tees: Mrs. Jos. Grinsf elder, Mrs. Leopold Strouse, Mrs. Rose W. Wiesenfeld. Members, 664. Annual income, $3500 to $4000. Board meeting first Monday of each month. Organization meets every Monday. Objects: To alleviate distress and help the needy. HEBREW ORPHAN ASYLUM OP BALTIMORE CITY, Calverton Road. Founded February 25, 1872. Officers: President, M. J. Oppenheimer; Vice-President, Leopold Strouse; Treasurer, A. W. Rayner; Secretary, Wm. Schloss, 322 N. Carey Street. Board of Trustees: Dr. Aaron Fried- enwald, David Ambach, Chs. Adler, David Hutzler, Henry Sonneborn, Gerson Eiseman, L. K. Gutman, Eli Oppenheim, Leon E. Greenbaum, Ferd. Bernei, Dr. Abr. Cohen and Frank B. Cahn. Members, about 675. An- nual income (including Memorial Fund), from $12,000 to $15,000. Board meeting third Sunday of each month. Organization meets second Sunday in April. HEBREW YOUNG MEN'S SICK AND RELIEF ASSOCIATION, Philanthropy Hall, 1017 E. Baltimore Street. Founded December 26, 1888. Officers: President, S. Rothblum; DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 151 Baltimore (continued). Vice-President, A. Myer; Treasurer, L. Lieberman; Sec- retary, M. Hadassa, 5 N. Eden Street. Trustees: S. Levi, S. Levy, H. Gordon. Members, 250. Annual income, $1500. Organization meets first and third Sun- day of the month. Objects: Mutual benefit; sick benefit to members, $3 per week; free medical treatment and free burial; cemetery on the Washington Road. Death benefit to wife, $200. Net capital in treasury, $2600. IROQUOIS CYCLE CLUB, McCulloh and Mosher Streets. Founded October, 1891. Officers: President, Eli Hecht; Vice-President, Herman Erlich; Treasurer, Lewis G. Rosenheim; Secretary, Sam'l D. Lowenthal; Captain, Sol. Bass. Board of Trustees: A. Binswanger, I. Froelich. Members, 75. Annual income, $1350. Board meeting first Tuesday. Organization meets first Monday quarterly. Objects, social and athletic. THE MACCABEANS, 119 Aisquith Street. Founded September, 1896. Officers: President, Edward J. Bernstein, M. D.; Treasurer, Eli Frank; Secretary, Abraham Cohen, Ph. D. Members, 50 active and 18 honorary. Annual income, about $350. Board meeting monthly. Organization meets monthly. Objects: To maintain a library and reading-room for working boys; to create opportunity for the members to come into personal contact with the boys and by example and otherwise to make good, intelligent American citizens of them. [CONGREGATION] MIKRO KODESH, High Street near Watson. Founded 1886. Officers: President, J. Samet; Vice-Presi- dent, J. Pumpyan; Treasurer, S. Herman; Secretary, R. Sokol, 130 N. Front Street. Board of Trustees: L. Roseman, H. Blumberg, A. Bass, J. Friedman. Board meeting first Sunday in the month. Members, 112. Synagogue services, three times daily. Talmud School: Mishna class, 5 to 6.30 a. m.; Ain Yakov class, 6 to 7 p. m.; Gemara class, 8 p. m. Class members, 30. Annual income, $3500. Auxiliary Societies: Chevra Thilim; Chevra Mishna; Chevra Gemara. Cemetery, Philadel- phia Road. [CONGEEGATION] MOGEW ABRAHAM, 106 S. Eden Street. Founded 1892. Officers: President, Harris Kassanofsky; Vice-President, N. Goldberg; Treasurer, M. Stark; Sec- retary, I. Miller, corner Caroline and Mullikin Streets. Board of Trustees: H. Sachs, S. Marbach. Congrega- tion meets second and fourth Sunday of the month. Members, 30. Synagogue services, three times daily. 152 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

Baltimore (continued). Mishna class every Saturday, from 3 to 5 p. m. Class members, 20. Annual income, $250. Auxiliary Society, Chevra Kadisha. Cemetery, Philadelphia Road. [CONGREGATION] MOSES MONTEFIORE EMUNATH ISRAEL, 535 S. Smallwood Street. Founded September, 1888. Offi- cers: President, A. Zaretzky; Vice-President, J. Berkow; Treasurer, J. Cushner; Secretary, A. Polevoy, 2006 Wil- helm Street. Board of Trustees: A. Zarowitzky, L. Ginsburg, D. Caplan. Board meeting every Wednesday. Members, 54. Synagogue services, on Saturday and holidays three times daily and for Yahrzeit of members. Talmud Torah School for children, 9 to 12 a. m., 2 to 6 p. m. Pupils, 26. Annual income, $800. Auxiliary Society: Chevra Kadisha, 10 members. Cemetery, Wash- ington Road. [CONGREGATION] OHEB SHALOM, Eutaw Place and Lanvale Street. Founded 1853. Rabbi Emeritus, Benjamin Szold. Rabbi, William Rosenau. Cantor, Alois Kaiser. Offi- cers: President, Isaac Strouse; "Vice-President, Henry Sonneborn; Treasurer, Kaufman Katz; Secretary, Louis Adler. Board of Trustees: Joseph Rosenblatt, Moses N. Frank, Elias Rohr, Joseph Burgunder, Dr. Joseph Blum, Sylvan H. Lauchheimer, Ferd. Bernei, Samuel Heineman, Leopold Fleischer. Board meeting first Saturday evening of every month. Members: 355 contributors, viz., 148 members and 207 seatholders. Services: Friday at sundown; Saturday, 10 a. m. "Religious School: Satur- day, 8.45 to 9.45 a. m.; Sunday, 9 to 11 a. m. Pupils, 175. Annual income, $20,000. Auxiliary Societies: Alumni Association for Study of Bible and Jewish History and Ladies' Auxiliary Society. [CONGREGATION] OHEL YAKOV (BYALISTOKER), 1164 Low Street. Founded 1880. Cantor, I. D. Weinkrantz. Offi- cers: President, A. J. Goldstein; Vice-President, N. Gold- stein; Treasurer, I. Hochberger; Secretary, S. Harrison, 1216 McElderry Street. Board of Trustees: M. Sapir- stein, H. Levinsky, M. Prushkowsky. Congregation meets every Sunday. Members, 65. Synagogue services, three times daily. Talmud class for adults, between 5 and 8 p. m. Class members, 10. Annual income, $700. Auxiliary Society, Chevra Kadisha. Cemetery, Phila- delphia Road. PHOENIX CLUB, Eutaw Place. Founded July, 1886. Officers: President, Samuel Rosenthal, Jr.; Vice-President, Mat- DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 153

Baltimore (continued). thew Keyser; Treasurer, Fred. Nassauer; Secretary, Louis Schneeburger; Chairman Executive Committee, Moses N. Frank. Board of Trustees: Isaac Meyer, Louis Kann, Abram Hutzler, Albert A. Brager. Mem- bers, 325. Annual income, $19,500. Board meeting second Thursday of the month. Organization meets first Tuesday in February. Object, social. PIMLICO ATHLETIC CLUB, Pimlico, Baltimore. Founded April, 1899. Officers: President, L. H. Weil; Vice-Presi- dent, Sol. Herzberg; Secretary and Treasurer, Al. David. Board of Governors: M. S. Strouse, M. Kerngood. Mem- bers, 90. Annual income, $990. Board meeting first Tuesday of the month. Object, athletic. RIGAEK-KURLANDER GEWERBE VEREIN, Carroll Hall, 1011 E. Baltimore Street. Founded April, 1889. Officers: Presi- dent, D. Paulson; Vice-President, H. Fuchs; Treasurer, I. Schwartz; Secretary, M. Aaronson, 1018 E. Fayette Street. Trustees: A. Sklar, I. Berman, I. Goldstein. Members, 160. Annual income, $1000. Organization meets second and 4th Sunday of the month. Object: Mutual benefit (sick benefit, free burial, $50 for widow, $25 for widower). Cemetery, Rosedale, on the Phila- delphia Road. [CONGREGATION] RODFK ZEDEK (formerly OHEV HASHOLOM), 630 S. Charles Street. Founded 1893. Cantor, A. Kwitz. Officers: President, A. Kwitz; Vice-President, I. Caplan; Treasurer, B. Schershefsky; Secretary, R. Lipnick, 618 S. Charles Street. Board of Trustees: J, Smith, J. Norinsky. Congregation meets second Sunday of the month. Members, 24. Synagogue services, three times daily. Mishna class daily, between 6 and 7 p. m. Class members, 6. Annual income, $300. Auxiliary Society: Chevra Kadisha, 24 members. Cemetery, Philadelphia Road. [CONGREGATION] SHEARITH ISRAEL, corner Greene and Ger- man Streets. Founded 1878. Rabbi, Dr. S. Schaffer, 653 W. Lombard Street. Assistants: Cantor, Benno Hummel; Sofer, Lector and Janitor, Moses Bretten- heimer. Officers: President, Moses Strauss; Vice-Presi- dent, Isaac Selz; Treasurer, Emanuel Strauss; Secretary, M. Plaut. Board of Trustees: Ph. Gundesheimer, W. Cohn, S. Senker, Jos. Kafka. Board meeting first Sun- day of each month. Members, 50. Services, three times daily. Religious School: Sunday, 10 to 12 a.m.; daily, 4.30 to 6 p. m. Annual income, $4000. Auxiliary Society, Ladies' Auxiliary Society. 154 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

Baltimore (continued). [CONGREGATION] SHOMRE HADATH, 1010 E. Pratt Street. Founded 1885. Cantor, B. Street. Officers: President, I. Silberman; Vice-President, M. Appelfeld; Treasurer, I. Grinfeld; Secretary, D. Chamatowsky, 1010 E. Pratt Street. Board of Trustees: H. Feingold, M. Ribakoff. Board meeting second Sunday of the month. Members, 22. Synagogue services, three times daily. Annual income, $600. Auxiliary Society, Chevra Kadisha. Ceme- tery, Philadelphia Road. SOCIETY FOR EDUCATING POOR AND ORPHAN HEBREW CHIL- DREN. Founded September, 1860. Officers: President, Alois Kaiser; Vice-President, Adolph Guttmacher; Treas- urer, H. Hartogensis; Secretary, Jacob Bamberger. Board of Trustees: M. S. Levy, Benjamin Cohen, E. H. Fried, Solomon Hamburger, Moses Daniel, Moritz Witz, Isaac Davidson, Louis Kaufman. Members, 400. An- nual income, $1400. Board meeting last Sunday in Feb- ruary, May, August and October. Organization meets last Sunday in October. TALMUD TORAH (HEBREW FREE SCHOOL SOCIETY), 21 N. High Street. Founded February 26, 1889. Officers: President, Joseph Eisner; Vice-Presidents, H. Kramer, L. Edlowitz; Treasurer, L. Wolpe; Secretary, A. S. Schochet, 263 N. Exeter Street. Board of Trustees: A. J. Sugar, L. Zimbler, T. Silberman, M. Schreiber, Dr. S. Schaffer, S. L. Hurwitz, J. Greenblatt, J. Krulewitch, H. Wol- barsht, M. J. Braude, I. Krulewitch, I. Levin, D. Good- man, A. Kohen, E. Fried, K. Garber, A. Sagner, Ch. J. Pumpya'n, J. Greenthal, M. Rivkind, M. Ades, N. Graef- sky, M. Silberman, N. Bass, M. J. Klawansky, L. Singer, L. Levin, S. Smith, J. Singer, S. Reif, J. Herman, H. Youdelevitz, D. Mendelson, A. Schechter, S. R. Goldberg, J. Greenberg, L. Jacobson, J. Harris, L. Lesser, J. Gold- man, D. Bear. Members, 435. Annual income, $4571.03 (last year's income). Board meeting every other Sunday. Organization meets first Sunday in January, April, July and October. Objects: Religious education, knowledge of the Hebrew language and Jewish history. 5 classes, 2 sessions daily, Fridays and Saturdays 1 session each. Number of pupils, over 300; 5 teachers; time of sessions, from 9 a. m. to 1 p. m., and from 4 to 7 p. m. There are 2 classes of pupils, those who do not go to the public schools and those who do go. The former receive their instruction at the first session, the latter at the second session. Religious services are held on Saturdays and DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 155

Baltimore (continued). the holidays. A school for girls, with instruction twice a week (on Saturdays and Sundays), was opened lately; pupils, about 125. * [CONGREGATION] TANCHUM MICKVB KODESH. * [CONGREGATION] TIFERETH ISRAEL ANSHE KOWNO. WEST END HEBREW CONGREGATION K'NESSETH ISRAEL, 743 W. Baltimore Street. Founded December, 1892. Rabbi, Moses A. Schreiber, 881 W. Fayette Street. Officers: President, Louis Zimbler; Vice-President, L. Klotzman; Secretary, Chayim Eliezer Engel. Board of Trustees: Daniel Baer, L. Cohen, I. Lichtenberg, Max Cohen. Board meeting once a month. Members, 31; seatholders, 44. Services: 6.30 a. m. daily; Friday and holiday evenings at sundown; Saturday and holidays, 8 a. m. Annual income, $400. [CONGREGATION] ZICHRON JACOB, N. E. corner of Eden and Baltimore Streets. Founded September 1895. Reader, H. S. Hartogensis. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, H. S. Hartogensis; Secretary, M. H. Harto- gensis, 1623 E. Baltimore Street; Israel Goodman, A. Shapiro, Isaac Goodman and Danl. Mansbaeh. Board meeting monthly. Members, 35. Services daily. An- nual income, $600-$700. Cumberland [CONGREGATION] B'EER CHAJIM, Centre Street. Founded 1854. Rabbi, J. L. Stern. Officers: President, Susman Rosen- baum; Vice-President, S. Rosenthal; Secretary, D. Lam- bert, Polk Street. Board of Trustees: Joseph Hirsh, Murray White. Board meeting, June 1. Members, 20. Services: Friday, 7.15 p. m.; Saturday, 10 a, m. Religious School, Sunday morning. Pupils, 20. Annual income, $1400. A Jewish burying-ground since 1854. Hagerstown [CONGREGATION] THE SONS OF ABRAHAM, E. Baltimore Street, Hagerstown, Md. Founded 1893. Officers: President, M. Joffe; Vice-President, Lewis Kaplin. Board of Trustees: A. Baer, M. Ruben, M. Tarshman. Rabbi, A. Harrison. Services daily. Members, 20. Annual income, about $800. Board meeting monthly. Organization meets second Sunday in October. 156 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

MASSACHUSETTS Boston * [CONGREGATION] ADATH ISRAEL, 188 Hanover Street. Rabbi, Isaac Baritz. Sexton, M. Levin. [TEMPLE] ADATH ISRAEL, Columbus Avenue and Northamp- ton Street. Founded 1853. Rabbi, Charles Fleischer, 44 Tremlett Street, Dorchester. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, Lewis Hecht; Vice-President, Jacob Morse; Treasurer, Ferdinand Abraham; Secretary, Leo J. Lyons; S. Goldsmith, U. H. Goldschmidt, J. Heil- born, J. S. Barnet. Board meeting first Sunday in each month. Members, 125. Services: Saturday, 10.30 a. m.; Sunday, from December to April, 7.30 p. m. Religious School: Sunday, 10 to 12 a. m. Pupils, 120. Auxiliary Society: Auxiliary Society of Temple Adath Israel, composed of men and women, old and young. * [CONGREGATION] ADATH JESHURUN, 113 Dudley Street. Rabbi, Simon Rosenstein. * [CONGREGATION] ANSHE LEBAWICH, 188 Hanover Street. Rabbi, M. Z. Margolies. *BENOTH ISRAEL SHELTERING HOME, 13 Cooper Street. Super- intendent, S. Rokeach; President, H. Goldberg; Treas- urer, M. Kronberg; Secretary, J. Mendelsohn, 178 Cham- bers Street. *BENOTH ZION EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY. [CONGREGATION] BETH ISRAEL, Baldwin Place. Founded 1887. Rabbi, Moses Z. Margolies, 3 Baldwin Place; Assistants: Moses Heilperen (Cantor); Elias Kaplan, E. Boston. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, Mark Lewis, 43 Irving Street; Vice-President, Max Cohen, and 15 directors. Board meeting twice a month. Members, 300. Services daily, 5 to 9 a. m., 5 to 7 p. m.; Sabbath, 8 to 11 a. m., 5 p. m. Religious School four times weekly. Pupils, 150. Annual income, about $8000. Auxiliary Societies: Benoth Israel (Ladies' Charitable Organization), Hebrew Free School, Benoth Israel Sheltering Home, N. E. Ladies' Aid Association, Tiphereth Israel. This Congregation was amalgamated with the Beth Abraham, which was founded in 1870. [CONGREGATION] BETH JACOB, 27 Wall Street. Founded 1888. Rabbi, M. Z. Margolies, 3 Baldwin Place; Assist- ant, J. Rathchkovsky. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, Elias Kamberg, 98 Leveret Street; Vice- President, A. Shine, and 8 directors. Board meeting DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS

Boston (continued). monthly. Members, 125. Services, three times daily. Religious School daily, 4 to 7 p. m. Pupils, 100. An- nual income, $3000. *BNAI ZION EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY, Zion Hall, 170 Hanover Street. Founded January 18, 1891. Officers: President, A. A. Ginzberg; Vice-President, A. D. Diamond; Record- ing Secretary, L. Arkin; Financial Secretary, H. Gor- don; Treasurer, M. Linenthal. Board of Directors: L. Abramson, B. J. Segool, J. Silbert, N. J. Titlebaum, S. Fleischer, S. Medoway, M. Sharaf, D. Stoneman, S. Waldstein. Objects: The establishment of a library and reading-room; the furtherance of the moral, intellectual and social status of the Jews; the encouragement of interest in Hebrew history and literature. Auxiliary Societies: Bnai Zion Congress, Bnai Zion Juve- niles. The library contains 600 volumes. Public lecture courses. *ELYSIAN CLUB, Huntingdon Avenue. FEDERATION OF JEWISH CHARITIES, 11-13 Charity Building. Officers: President, J. H. Hecht, 113 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston; First Vice-President, Godfrey Morse; Second Vice-President, Lehman Pickert; Treasurer, Max Friedman; Clerk, Edw. E. Norton, 406 Washington Street. Board of Trustees: Ferd. Strauss; Mrs. J. H. Hecht, Mrs. Chas. Weil, Isaac Peavy, Israel Cohen, A. Moss, Mark Lewis, A. C. Ratchesky, A. Asher, L. E. Kierstein, Silas Peavy, Mrs. A. P. Spitz, M. Waxman, Jacob Morse. Superintendent, Max Mitchell. Members, about 1600. Board meeting third Wednesday of the month. Organization meets third Wednesday of the month. The Federation is composed of the five leading Jewish organizations, each organization selects two delegates to the Federation. GOLDEN STAR PLEASURE CLUB, 19 Endicott Street. Founded October 5, 1894. Officers: President, Alfred Bloom; Vice-President, Harry Soule; Treasurer, Harry Gold- band; Financial Secretary, Samuel Cohen; Recording Secretary, J. L. Witkin, 58 Compton Street. Board of Trustees: Benj. Semon, Casper Kalish, Bernard Yaffie. Members, 35 (limited). Annual income, $400 to $000. Organization meets alternate Sundays. Objects: Mainly pleasure, incidentally charity. HEBREW INDUSTRIAL SCHOOL, 17 Allen Street. President, Mrs. J. H. Hecht; Treasurer, Mr. J. H. Hecht; Superin- 158 AMEEICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

Boston {continued). tendent, Miss Golde Bamber. In the tenth year of its existence, with a membership of 450 pupils, whose ages range from 6 to 20 years. The work of the public schools, supplemented by an industrial education, which fits pupils to become wage-earners and home-makers. Sabbath School on Saturday morning. Bible classes, Friday evening and Saturday afternoon. Monday night evening school for adults, Lena F. Hecht Club for Working Girls, and Baroness de Hirsch Club for School Girls are other important features of the school. Open all the year, in the summer as a " Recreation House and Garden." Founded by Mrs. J. H. Hecht. HEBBBW NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, 149 Salem Street. HEBREW WOMEN'S SEWING SOCIETY, Minot Hall, Washing- ton Street, corner of Springfield Street. President, Mrs. J. H. Hecht; Vice-Presidents, Mrs. Charles Weil, Mrs. A. P. Spitz, Mrs. M. Isaacs; Clerk, Miss Ida Engel; Treasurer, Mrs. Daniel Frank; Financial Secretary, Mrs. J. M. Herman; Chairman Executive Committee, Mrs. G. J. Spitz. Members, 550. Departments of work: (1) Visiting and Befriending Committee; Chairman, Mrs. L. Keiffer. (2) Distributing and Providing Clothing and Necessities for the Poor; Chairman, Mrs. G. J. Spitz. (3) Industrial Department; Chairman, Mrs. Charles Weil. (4) Literary and Social Afternoons; Chairman, Mrs. L. Leviseur. (5) Country Week for Poor Women and Children; Chairman, Mrs. Joseph Her- man; Treasurer, Mrs. Max Friedman. *HIRSCH CLUB, 294 Hanover. * [CONGREGATION] KENESETH ISRAEL, Emerald Street. *LEOPOLD MORSE HOME FOR INFIRM HEBREWS AND ORPHANAGE. [CONGREGATION] MISHKAN TEFILAH, corner Shawmut Avenue and Madison Street. Founded, under the name Mishkan Israel, in 1865. Rabbi, Hyman S. Shoher; Assistant, Jacob Pyser. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, H. Alexander, and seven trustees. Board meeting once monthly. Members, 125. Services: daily, 6 a. m. and 6 p.m.; Sabbath, 9 a.m. Religious School: Saturday, 2 to 4 p.m.; Sunday, 9 to 12 a.m. Auxiliary Society, Ladies' Aid Society. *NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY. [TEMPLE] OHABEI SHALOM, Union Park Street, between Shawmut Avenue and Washington Street. Founded DIEECTOEY OF LOCAL OEGANIZATIONS 159

Boston (continued). 1841. Eabbi, Samuel Hirshberg-, 33 Coolidge Street, Brookline; Eabbi Emeritus, Dr. Eaphael Lasker; Cantor, Israel Chaloff. Officers: President, Isaac Eosnosky; Vice-President, Israel Cohen; Treasurer, Louis Gans; Secretary, Julius Eosenthal, 7 Berwick Park. Board meeting first Sunday of every month. Members, 275. Services: Saturday, 10 a.m.; Friday, during fall and winter, 7.45 p.m.; during spring and summer, 6 p.m. Eeligious School: Sundays, 10 to 12 a. m. Pupils, 150. Auxiliary Societies: Temple Ohabei Shalom Literary Society, Temple Ohabei Shalom Choral Society, and several benevolent Chevroth. *[CONGREGATION] OHEL JACOB, Paris and Gove Streets, E. B. Eabbi, Jacob Block. *PROGRESS CLUB, 75 Concord. [CONGREGATION] SHARAI JERUSALEM, 23 Cooper Street. Founded 1889. Eabbi, M. Z. Margolies, 3 Baldwin Place; Assistant, A. Solomons. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, M. Kaplan, 98 Poplar Street; Vice- President, L. Sakland, 73 Prince Street; 8 directors. Board meeting twice a month. Members, 100. Services, three times daily. Annual income, $2500. * [CONGREGATION] SHOMRE BETH ABRAHAM. [CHEVRAH] THILIM, 122 Salem Street. Founded 1885. Eabbi, M. Z. Margolies, 3 Baldwin Place; Assistant, N. L. Eos- enberg. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, H. Aranson, 14 Fay Street; Vice-President, M. Cohen, and 6 directors. Board meeting twice a month. Members, 125. Services, three times daily. Annual income, $2000. UNITED SPHAKD CONGREGATION, 30 Poplar Street. Founded May, 1897. Eabbi, Marcus Yaffa, 202 Chambers Street. Officers and Board of Trustees: M. Sheinfein, J. Londin, Shapiro, H. Serner. Board meeting every two weeks. Members, 60. Services: 6 a.m., 6 p.m., 8 p.m. Eeli- gious School, 8 p. m. Pupils, 60. Annual income, $600. THE UTOPIAN CLUB, 480 Shawmut Avenue. Founded August, 1896. Officers: President, Moe Eatkowsky; Vice-Presi- dent, I. H. Peyser; Financial Secretary, Win. Phillips; Eecording Secretary, I. Hartstein; Treasurer, L. E. Goldman; Sergeant-at-arms, Morris Hyams. Board of Trustees: Chairman, Chas. E. Barnett, Win. Provolsky, A. Fodtman, H. Lipman, L. E. Goldman, I. H. Peyser and Sam. Basch (ex-officio members, ex-Presidents Jos. 160 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK Boston (continued). Spektorsky and Sam. J. Wyman). Members, about 65. Annual income, about $1500. Board meeting every other Tuesday night. Organization meets every other Sunday afternoon. Object, social. * [CONGREGATION] VALKIMIEB, Baldwin Place. YOUNG MEN'S HEBREW ASSOCIATION, Minot Hall. Founded 1882. Officers: President, Charles H. Hertz; Vice-Presi- dent, George Moses; Treasurer, Moses Scheinfeldt; Sec- retary, Mark Wolf. Board of Trustees: A. S. Cohen, L. J. Lyons, J. Kaufman, N. B. Basch, J. Rosenthal, A. P. Freed, R. A. Moses, A. Bilafsky, A. Alexander, S. A. Isaacson, B. Ginzberg. Members, 400. Annual income, about $3500. Board meeting second Sunday of each month. Organization meets in April. Objects: The improvement of the mental, moral, social and physical condition of its members; the protection of Hebrew interests. YOUNG MEN'S HEBBEW UNION, 213 Hanover Street. Officers: President, L. Gutterman; Vice-President, S. Goldstein; Treasurer, S. Home; Financial Secretary, N. Backman; Recording Secretary, Max Albertz; Secretary, Jas. Goodman, 70 Cross Street. Board of Trustees: Sam. Simons, S. Adler, Sam. Rachkansky, Max Silverman, Max Rachkansky, H. Saxe. Members, 50. Annual income, $600. Board meeting twice monthly. Organiza- tion meets every other Sunday. *YOUNG WOMEN'S HEBREW CHABITABLE ASSOCIATION, Minot Hall. * [CONGREGATION] ZION'S HOLY PROPHET OF ISBAEL, Church and Winchester Streets. Rabbi, W. Baron; Sexton, S. I. Gordon. Fall River *[CONGBEGATION] ADAS ISRAEL. Rabbi, Nathan Silverman; President, Simon Gourse; Vice-President, Louis Cohen; Secretary, Abram Kapstein; Treasurer, Moses Kavalsky. Trustees: A. J. Shon, Isaac Jacobson, Louis Levine. *CONGREGATION, Union near Hope Street. Rabbi, Abraham Zulofsky; President, Israel Slizak; Secretary, Morris Feitelberg. Haverhill * [CONGREGATION] BETH JACOB. President, Jacob Gerson; Secretary, Eli Rosengard; Treasurer, A. Karelick. DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 161 Haverhill (continued). *CHILDREN OP ISRAEL CEMETERY CORPORATION. President, M. Farber; Vice-President, S. Stolnitsky; Trustees, M. Goldstein, S. Fine, M. Goldman; Clerk, Samuel Sibulkin. *[CONGREGATION] CNESSIS ISRAEL, 14 River Street. Rabbi, Samuel Segal; Teacher, Bernard Pargament. Lynn [CONGREGATION] HAEVAS ACHIM. Founded April, 1893. President, I. Jacobson; Secretary, Abraham Jacobs, 73 Neptune Street; Trustee, B. Lander. Members, 44. Services, Saturdays and holidays. Annual income, $440. LYNN HEBBEW BENEVOLENT SOCIETY, 120 Market Street. Founded February 28, 1886. Officers: President, S. Har- ris; Vice-President, S. J. Weinberg; Secretary, M. S. Eberson, 84 Lafayette Street; Treasurer, H. Goldman. Board of Trustees: M. M. Sellers, I. Hays, Albert Har- ris. Members, 37. Annual income, $222. Organization meets first Sunday in the month. Object, attending the sick and dead. Maiden CHARITABLE BURIAL ASSOCIATION, 15 Cooper Street. Officers: President, Abraham Moss; Vice-President, Isaac Heller; Treasurer, Max Libman; Secretary, Isidor Mendelsohn. Board of Trustees: Mark Lewis, Chas. Porter, Harry Rogers, J. M. Rubenowitz, N. L. Greenblat, Louis Baker, B. Bennett, Morris Latto, Jacob Harris, Louis Jacobo- witz, J. Wolfman, I. Levingston, S. M. Seamon. Mem- bers, 400. Annual income, $1400. Board meeting first Monday in each month. Organization meets third Sun- day in May. Objects: To bury the dead whose relatives or friends cannot afford to bury them decently. New Bedford *HEBBEW SCHOOL, 744 Purchase Street. Principal, Nathaniel Queen. Pittsfield *[CONGBEGATION] ANSHE AMOOBIM. Religious School. Super- intendent, Mrs. Ellen Lederer. Itoxbury *[CONGBEGATION] ADATH ISRAEL, 11 162 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK Salem *CONGREGATION, 4 Derby Square. Organized 1894. Meets first Sundays. Rabbi, A. D. Sodofsky. Officers elected in April and September. President, Herman Harriss; Treasurer, Morris Newmark; Secretary, Nathan Harris. Springfield * [CONGREGATION] BETH ISRAEL. * [CONGREGATION] BNAI JACOB. YOUNG MEN'S HEBREW ASSOCIATION, 118 Worthington Street. Founded July 28, 1895. Officers: President, Henry Las- ker; Vice-President, J. H. Koppleman; Recording and Corresponding Secretary, Nathan Schlossberg; Financial Secretary, Max Hirsch; Treasurer, S. H. Aronson. Board of Trustees: Henry Lasker, J. H. Koppleman, Nathan Schossberg, Max Hirsch, S. H. Aronson, Benj. Bearg, Louis Fisher, Joseph Rittenberg, Abram Cohn and L. J. Steinberg. Members, 75. Annual income, $450. Board meeting third Wednesday of each month. Or- ganization meets first Sunday of the month. Objects: The improvement of the moral, intellectual, social and physical condition of its members and the protection of Hebrew interests. The reading room and library of the Association are open to the public every evening, with the exception of Friday. Worcester THE LADIES' HEBREW AID AND LITERARY ASSOCIATION OF WORCESTER, MASS, 24 Providence Street. Founded 1888. Officers: President, J. J. Dann; Vice-President, Mrs. Simon Silverman; Recording Secretary, Miss Anna H. Feiga; Treasurer, M. Feiga. Board of Trustees: B. Wolkowich, S. M. Godinsky, Mrs. I. B. Rabinowich, Mrs. S. Silverman. Members, 85. Organization meets second and fourth Sunday of the month. Objects: Charity and social purposes. [CONGREGATION] SONS OF ISRAEL, 24 Providence Street. Founded 1875. Rabbi, Edward Rubinstein; Assistant, Benjamin Shapiro. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, B. Wolkowich; Vice-President, S. M. Godin- sky; Secretary, D. Weiss; Treasurer, S. Kunitz; Trus- tees: J. J. Dann, A. J. Ferguson, J. Fiengold. Board meeting first Sunday of the month. Members, 50. Services, morning and evening. Religious School, Sun- day, 10 a. m. to 1 p. m. Pupils, 75. DIRECTOKY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 163 Worcester (continued'). WORCESTER HEBREW BENEVOLENCE SOCIETY, 98 Front Street. Founded August 2, 1895. Officers: President, S. Isen- berg; Vice-President, A. Friedberg; Recording Secretary, David Sedersky, 10 Spruce Street; Financial Secretary, S. Cotton. Board of Trustees: 1. Kuhnsky, S. Lewis, I. Cohen, N. Finkstein, Simon Harkunsky. Members, 60. Annual income, $400. Board meeting second and fourth Sunday in each month. Objects: Charity, sick and death benefit fund. MICHIGAN Alpena [CONGREGATION] BETHEL, White Street. Founded October 19, 1890. Officers: President, Caspar Alpern; Vice-Presi- dent, J. Sinaberg; Secretary, H. Joachimsthal; Treas- urer, C. Kositchek. Board of Trustees: J. Levyn, I. Cohen, M. Cohen. Board meeting once a month. Mem- bers, 20. Services, Saturday morning. Annual income, $100. Auxiliary Society, Hebrew Benevolent. HEBREW BENEVOLENT SOCIETY. Founded August 7, 1875. Officers: President, Caspar Alpern; Vice-President, Ju- lius Myers; Treasurer, C. Kositchek; Secretary, H. H. Wittelshofer. Board of Trustees: Max Horowitz, Dan. Nathan, Max Jaspon. Members, 14. Board meeting first Sunday in January, April, July and October. The society owns the Hebrew Burying Ground, takes care of sick members and Jews in need. *PROGRESS SOCIAL CLUB, 108 W. Chisholm Street. President, B. Kramer; Secretary, E. Kositchek; Treasurer, R. Levyn. Bay City * [CONGREGATION] ANSHE CHESED, 417 Adams Street. Rabbi, Wolf Landau. Services, Saturday, 10 a. m. Religious School, Saturday, 11 a. m. HEBREW REFORM CONGREGATION, Adams Street. Founded September 1, 1879. Rabbi, Wolf Landau. Board meeting- every three months. Members, 12. Services, Sat- urdays, 10 a. m. Religious School, Sundays, 10 a. m. Pupils, 10. Annual income, $300. [CONGREGATION] SHAAREI ZEDECK, Van Buren and Eleventh Streets. Rabbi, D. Frisch. Officers: President, N. B. Carlstein; Vice-President, K. Ginsberg; Secretary, S. Rosenberg. Services, Friday evening and Saturday morning. Auxiliary Society, Ladies' Society. 164 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK Detroit [TEMPLE] BETH EL, corner Washington Avenue and Clifford Street. Founded 1849. Rabbi, Leo. M. Franklin. Offi- cers and Board of Trustees: President, Louis Blitz; Vice-President, Louis Selling; Secretary, Moses Cohen; Treasurer, B. G. Morris; Trustees: Emil Heyn, Sidney A. Hart, Emanuel Wodic, Samuel Heavenrich, Julius Freud. Board meeting first Sunday of the month. Members, about 200. Services: Friday, 7.45 p.m.; Sat- urday, 10.30 a.m.; Children's Service, Saturday, 10 a.m. Religious School, Sunday, 9.30 a. m. Pupils, 225. An- nual income, $7500. Auxiliary Societies: Beth El Relief Society, various educational and charitable organizations. * [CONGREGATION] BETH JACOB, corner Montcalm and Hast- ings Street. Founded September 4, 1879. Rabbi, Judah L. Levin. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, T. Danto; Secretary, S. Klein, 683 16th Street; Sexton, Finkelstein; Treasurer, Max Jacob and five trustees. Board meeting first Sunday of the month. Members, 79. Services, three times daily. Religious School: every Sunday, 9 to 12 a. m. Pupils, 12. Annual income, $2000. [CONGREGATION] B'NAI ISRAEL, 55-59 Mullet Street. Founded 1865. Reader, Jacob A. Epstein, 81 Catherine Street; Assistant, B. Moscovitz. Officers: President, L. Gold- smith; Vice-President, M. Jacobson; Treasurer, A. Baron; Secretary, L. Thorner. Board of Trustees: L. Litman, L. Epstein, R. Dunn, A. Cohen. Board meeting first and third Sunday of the month. Members, 125. Services: weekdays, 6 a.m., 6 p.m.; Saturdays, 8 a.m., 6 p. m. Annual income, $2000. *JEWISH WOMAN'S CLUB, 379 Brush Street. President, Mrs. Bernard Ginsburg; Secretary, Miss Rachel Levy. *LADIES' HEBREW WIDOW AND ORPHAN SOCIETY. Organized 1864. President, Mrs. Fannie Heineman; Vice-President, Mrs. Z. Selling; Financial Secretary, Mrs. Sarah Berger; Recording Secretary, Mrs. J. F. Teichner; Treasurer, Mrs. Rosa Rosenfield. Annual meeting first Thursday in October. Quarterly meeting, January, April and July. Trustees meet monthly at time and place appointed by the President. *MONTEFIORE CLUB. Founded March 20, 1899. President, Dr. Shelfish. Object: Study of Jewish history. PHOENIX CLUB, Woodward Avenue and DufHeld Street. Founded 1875. Officers: President, Henry M. Fech- DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 165 Detroit (continued). heimer; "Vice-President, Walter S. Heavenrich; Treas- urer, Jule Meyer; Secretary, Jacob W. Ehnnan. Board of Directors: Louis Rothschild, David J. Eppstein, Sol. J. Groneman, Chas. H. Kaichen, Adolph Slowman, Sig- mund Hofman. Members, 85. Annual income, $6000. Board meeting every Thursday evening. Organization meets first Thursday in each month, except summer months (June, July, August and September). *SELF HELP CIRCLE, Rooms 379 Brush Street. President, Mrs. Weiss; Secretary, Mrs. Sarah E. Krolik, 25 Adelaide Street. * [CONGREGATION] SHA'ARE ZEDEK, corner Congress and St. Ann Streets. Organized 1863. Sabbath services: Fri- day, 6 p. m.; Saturday, 8 a. m. Rabbi, Dr. J. B. Baruch; Reader, H. L. Cohen. TALMUD TORAH ASSOCIATION INSTITUTE, 47 Division Street. Founded March, 1897. Officers: Principal, Dr. J. B. Baruch; Assistants, A. Buch, 152 E. High Street, J. Blumenthal; Teachers, Miss Mary Goldman, S. Simon, J. Levinson, J. Harris, Belle Goldman, Mary Buchhalter, Dinah Benjamin. Board of Trustees: President, S. Ginsberg; Vice-President, J. Goldstein; Secretary, Rev. J. Buchhalter; W. Saulson, S. Lewis, D. W. Simon, J. Goldman, J. Mayer, M. Davies, J. Blumenthal, J. Rosen- thai, A. Jacobs, J. Harris. Members, 125. Annual income, $3500. Board meeting on the 15th of the month. Organization meets every second Monday. Objects: To disseminate the knowledge of the Hebrew language and literature, Jewish history and religion among the young. The institute provides instruction for 150 daily and 300 Sunday attendants free of charge. It has lately founded a trade school department. Auxiliary Society: Daughters of Zion. Founded April 15, 1899. President, Mrs. Sarah Rosenzweig; Treasurer, Mrs. Ray Kaufman; Secretary, Miss Ray Netzork. East Saginaw *SYNAGOGUE, Baumgarten's Block. Congregation meets on the Jewish holidays. Grand Rapids * [TEMPLE] BETH ISRAEL, 464 Ottawa Street. Rabbi, Zachary Kramer. 166 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK Grand Rapids (continued). * [TEMPLE] EMANUEL, S. E. corner Ransom and Fountain Streets. Rabbi, G. N. Hausmann. Jackson City * [CONGREGATION] BETH ISBAEL, Public Square near Main Street. No Rabbi and no regular service. Beth Israel Club: President, E. I. Mushiner; Secretary, Joseph Wolf; Treasurer, H. Goldsmith. Kalamazoo [CONGREGATION] B'NAI ISRAEL, E. South Street. Founded October 1, 1865. Officers and Board of Trustees: Presi- dent, M. H. Desenberg; Vice-President, G. M. Cramer; Treasurer, Herman Stern; Secretary, Samuel Folz; War- den, Selig Stern; Trustees: B. L. Desenberg1, B. M. Desenberg, Joseph Speyer. Board meeting second Sunday of every quarter. Members, 26. Services, Fri- day evening and Saturday morning. Religious School, Sundays, 10 a. m. Pupils, 35. Annual income, $1200. Auxiliary Society, Progress Club, literary.

MINNESOTA Duluth [CONGREGATION] EMANTJEL. Founded October 4, 1896. President, Louis Hammel; Vice-President, Louis Loeb; Treasurer, Hugo Hirshman; Secretary, Adolph Frei- muth. Trustees: I. Freimuth, Sam. Loeb, R. Krojanker. Superintendent Religious School, Mrs. R. Krojanker. Board meeting quarterly. Members, 30. Services, Fri- day, 8 p. m. Religious School, Sunday, 10 to 12 a. m. Pupils, 65. Auxiliary Society: Temple Aid. President, Mrs. F. L. Moondshine; Vice-President, Mrs. A. Bondy; Treasurer, Mrs. Louis Hammel; Secretary, Mrs. R. Krojanker. * [CONGREGATION] MOSES MONTEFIORE, Synagogue and School, St. Croix Avenue, S. W. corner Buchanan. Services every Saturday, 8 a. m. and 5 p. m. Rabbi, Samuel Snitzer, 109 2d Alley E.; Secretary, E. Kenner. [CONGREGATION] TIPERETH ISRAEL, 825 4th Avenue E. Founded December 13, 1892. Rabbi, T. Sapira; Assistant, Joseph Oreckovsky. Officers and Board of Trustees: T. L. Levin, M. Polinsky, N. Cohen, L. Cohen, Secretary, Joseph Oreckovsky, 326 E. 9th Street. Members, 35. DIEECTOBY OF LOCAL OEGANIZATIONS 167

Minneapolis *[CONGREGATION] ADATH YESHXJKUN, Bloomington Avenue, corner Franklin Avenue. Eabbi, A. H. Sinai, 312 7th Avenue N. [CONGREGATION] KENESSETH ISRAEL, 515-517 4th Street N. Founded December 22, 1891. Eabbi, I. Yaffey; Assistant, H. Yursky. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, K. Goldblum; Vice-President, B. S. Segall; Secretary, I. Schulman, 620 7th Avenue N.; Treasurer, A. H. Sinai; Trustees: M. Bresky, S. Joseph, N. Eisenstad, Israel Levin and H. Spodeck. Board meeting second and fourth Sunday of the month. Members, 54. Services, three times daily. Eeligious School, Sunday from 10 to 12 a. m. Pupils, 100. Annual income, about $2500. *[CONGREGATION] MIKRO KODESH, 7th Avenue N., S. W. corner 6th. Organized 1895. Members, 50. Eabbi, Judel Shapiro, 619 N. 6th. *MONTEFIORE CEMETERY. * [CONGREGATION] NACHLAS ISRAEL, 3401 Colfax Avenue. Or- ganized 1896. Members, 75. Eabbi, Abraham Hurvicz, 509 N. 3d. PHOENIX CLUB, 718 Hennepin Avenue. Founded 1890. Offi- cers: President, E. Kayser; Vice-President, M. W. Frank; Treasurer, Max Adler; Secretary, Jesse Moss. Board of Trustees: G. Monasch, Hy. Deutch, E. W. Munzer, Simon Meyers, B. Bank, S. Harris. Members, 55. An- nual income, about $1300. *EOUMANIAN CONGREGATION, 314 15th Avenue S. Eabbi, Olter Cohn, 1221 S. 5th. [CONGREGATION] SHARAI TOV, corner 10th Street and 5th Avenue S. Founded September 1, 1879. Eabbi, Aaron Friedman, 2304 Portland Avenue. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, A. Stromberg; Vice-President, H. Weiskopf; Treasurer, J. Harpman; Secretary, Ch. Moss; Trustees: Isaac Weil, E. Eees, Jac. Skoll, J. M. Davis, Simon Gittelson. Board meeting monthly. Members, 65. Services: Friday, 8 p.m.; Saturday, 10 a.m. Eeli- gious School, Sunday from 10 to 12 a. m. Instruction in Hebrew given on Saturday morning. Pupils, about 80. Annual income, about $3000. Auxiliary Societies: La- dies' Benevolent Society, Sewing Society. * [CONGREGATION] SHAARI THORA, 515 N. 4th. Organized 1894. Members, 125. Eabbi, Abraham Cohen, 528 Washington Avenue N. 168 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK St. Paul HEBREW LADIES' BENEVOLENT SOCIETY. Founded November 12, 1871. Officers: President, Mrs. Hannah Austrian; Vice- President, Mrs. N. Bernheim; Treasurer, Mrs. B. Plech- ner; Financial Secretary, Mrs. Jennie Conhaim; Recording Secretary, Mrs. Hattie M. Fox, 60 W. Summit Avenue. Board of Trustees: Mrs. M. Frankel, Mrs. L. Herz, Mrs. H. Rittenberg, Mrs. H. S. Haas, Mrs. Eva Rose. Mem- bers, 81. Annual income, about $2000. Board meeting first Wednesday of each month. Organization meets annually. Object, the exercise of charity toward the Jewish poor. MOUNT ZION CONGKEGATION. Founded 1869. Rabbi, Isaac L. Rypins. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, M. Frankel; Vice-President, J. Westheimer; Secretary, E. W. Marx; Financial Secretary, M. Schwab; Treasurer, B. Simon; Trustees: I. Rose, C. Fantle, A. Sternberg, H. L. Haas. Board meeting first Sunday of each month. Members, 95. Services: Friday, 7.30 p.m.; Sabbath, 9.30 a. m. Religious School: Sabbath, 11 to 12 a. m.; Sunday, 10 to 12 a. m. Pupils, 75. Annual income, $4000. Aux- iliary Societies: Ladies' Guild, Hebrew Ladies' Benev- olent Association. *RUSSIAN BROTHERHOOD CONGREGATION, 282-284 Texas. Or-^ ganized 1872. Members, 45. Rabbi, Hiam Mickler. * [CONGREGATION] SHAREY HESED WOEMET, 165 State. Organ- ized 1890. Members, 150. Services, Friday evening and Saturday morning. * [CONGREGATION] SONS OF ABRAHAM, 840 Payne Avenue. Sec- retary, Solomon Goldblom. * [CONGREGATION] SONS OF JACOB, College Avenue, between Wabasha and St. Peter. Organized 1874. Congregation, 125. Services: Saturday, 8 a. m. and 6 p. m. Rabbi, Jacob Aronsohn, 179 14th Street. * [CONGREGATION] SONS OF ZION, 104 State Street. Organized 1892. Members, 50. MISSISSIPPI Brookhaven, [CONGREGATION] B'NAI SHOLOM. Reorganized 1894. Reader, Max Lewinthal. Officers: President, Max Priebatsch; Vice-President, M. Dreyfus; Secretary, S. Kohlman; Treasurer, A. Cohn. Members, 16. Services, Friday evening and holidays. Annual income, $220. Auxiliary Societies: Jewish Cemetery Association. Organized DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 169

Brookhaven (continued). 1898. $200 annual income, expended for the cemetery. Secretary and Treasurer, Miss R. Wilson. The Congre- gation owns a Temple, value $2000, unencumbered. LADIES' HEBREW BENEVOLENT SOCIETY. Founded August, 1894. Officers: President, Mrs. M. Dreyfus; Vice-Presi- dent, Mrs. J. Priebatsch; Secretary and Treasurer, Mrs. S. Kohlman. Members, 13. Annual income, $78. Or- ganization meets monthly. Canton * [CONGREGATION] BNAI ISRAEL. President, David Levy. Re- ligious School, Superintendent, Jacob Loeb. Columbus [CONGREGATION] B'NAI ISRAEL. Founded September 21, 1879. Rabbi, Joseph Herz. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, Sam'l Selig; Vice-President, S. Loeb; Secre- tary and Treasurer, L. Fleishman; Trustees: J. Hirsh- man, L. Loeb, S. Schwab. Members, 18. Services: Fri- day, 8 p.m.; Saturday, 10.30 a.m. Religious School: Saturday, 9 a. m.; Sunday, 9 a. m. Greenville HEBREW UNION CONGREGATION. Founded about 1874. Rabbi, Joseph Bogen. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, Nathan Goldstein; Vice-President, Leon Moyse; Secretary, M. Moyor; Treasurer, Abe Blum; Trustees: Sol. Brill, Jacob Alexander, Henry Schall, Jacob Scott, Abe Blum, S. Rosenfeld. Board meeting first Sunday of the month. Members, 87. Services: Friday evening, Saturday morning and on holidays. Religious School from October to May. Pupils, 75. An- nual income, $3000. The Congregation owns its synagogue, value $6000; and parsonage, value $3000. JEWISH WOMAN'S LEAGUE. Founded 1896. Officers: Presi- dent, Mrs. N. Goldstein; Vice-President, Mrs. A. Vor- unes; Treasurer, Mrs. J. Schwab; Corresponding Secre- tary, Mrs. F. Witt; Secretary, Miss Annie Morzinski. Members, 50. Objects: To aid those in distress, assist in congregational work and Sunday School. Greenwood * [CONGREGATION] BENE ISRAEL. President, L. Aaron; Secre- tary, C. I. Stein. 170 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK Jackson *CONGREGATION. Meridian [CONGREGATION] BETH ISRAEL. Eabbi, W. Willner. Officers: President, Abe Klein; Vice-President, L. H. Arky; Sec- retary, L. Ullman; Treasurer, H. M. Threefoot. Trus- tees: Alex. Loeb, Max Levy, Sam Meyer, Sam Rosen- baum, Marks Baum, Levi Rothenberg. Board meeting first Sunday of the month. Members, 63. Services: Sabbath and holidays, 10 a.m.; Friday and holiday evenings, summer, 8 p. m.; winter, 7.30 p. m. Religious School: Saturday, 9 to 10 a.m.; Sunday, 9.30 to 11.30 a. m., from October to June. Pupils, 53, in 7 classes. Auxiliary Societies (not connected directly with the Congregation): Ladies' Cemetery and Aid Society and Hebrew Benevolent Society. Natchez * [CONGREGATION] BNAI ISRAEL. Rabbi, S. G. Bottigheimer; President, Adolph Jacobs; Secretary, A. Wampold. Port Gibson [CONGREGATION] GEMILUTH CHASSED. Founded 1859. Offi- cers: President, Jacob Bernheimer; Vice-President, Byron H. Levy; Secretary, J. B. Heidenreich; Treas- urer, C. D. Bloch. Trustees: Jacob Bernheimer, Win. Cohn, Henry Marx. Board meeting the first day of the month. Members, 27. Services: Friday evening; Sat- urday, 10 a. m.; and all holidays. Religious School, November 6 to May 14. Pupils, 41. Annual income, $1200 to $1300. Auxiliary Society: Ladies Aid Society. 16 members. President, Mrs. Byron Levy; Vice-Presi- dent, Mrs. J. Jalenck; Secretary, Mrs. M. G. Cahn; Treasurer, Mrs. C. D. Bloch. Vicksburg [CONGREGATION] ANSHE CHESED. Rabbi, George Solomon. Officers: President, Lazarus Hirsch; Vice-President, Victor Brown; Secretary, Sigmund Susman; Treasurer, Wm. B. Levy. Trustees: Joseph Hirsh, S. P. Metzger, L. M. Loewenberg, Sam Brown, Sr., Philip Feld, L. Baer. Board meeting first Sunday of the month. Members, about 115. Services: Friday, 7 p. m.; Satur- day, 10 a. m.; same hours for holidays. Religious DIRECTOEY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS

Vicksburg (continued). School, Sunday, 10 a. m. Pupils, 78. Annual income, about $4000. Auxiliary Societies: Ladies' Hebrew Be- nevolent Society, Ladies' Aid Society. Woodville HEBREW EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION (BETH ISRAEL). Founded 1877. Rabbi, B. Wohlberg. Officers: President, I. T. Hart; Vice-President, Edw. Aaron; Secretary, L. C. Schloss; Treasurer, M. H. Rothschild. Board meeting quarterly. Members, 20. MISSOURI Columbia *COLUMBIA HEBREW CEMETERT ASSOCIATION. Jefferson City * [CONGREGATION] BETH EL. Kansas City * [CONGREGATION] Arrz CHAIM. [CONGREGATION] BNAI JEHUDAH. Founded September, 1869. Rabbi, Harry H. Mayer. Officers: President, Leon Block; Vice-President, A. S. Flersheim; Secretary, B. A. Feineman, 1023 E. 12th Street; Treasurer, B. B. Joffee. Trustees: B. Davidson, A. S. Woolf, Gus. Bern- heimer, Wm. J. Berkowitz, R. Crohn and M. Lyon. Board meeting first Wednesday of the month. Mem- bers, 174. Services: Friday, 8 p.m.; Saturday, 10 a.m. and on holidays. Religious School, Saturday afternoon and Sunday forenoon. Pupils, 195. Annual income, about $9000. * [CONGREGATION] BIKUR CHOLIM, 1723 Grand Avenue; Ceme- tery, 18th S' W., corner Cleveland. * [CONGREGATION] GOMEL-CHESED. THE HEBREW GENERAL RELIEF ASSOCIATION. Founded Janu- ary 10, 1894. Officers: President, B. B. Joffee; Vice- President, Sol. Block; Treasurer, R. Eisen; Secretary, B. A. Feineman, 1023 E. 12th Street; Superintendent, B. A. Feineman. Board of Trustees: I. E. Bernheimer, Adolf Ettlinger, M. Stern, A. Deneheim, I. Ryder and William Baruch. Members, 135. Annual income, about $3000. Board meeting Sunday forenoon. Organization meets in November. Object, to aid and succor the poor and needy. Other Relief Societies: The Jewish Ladies' Charity Association, the Jewish Young Ladies' Shoe Fund, and two Russian Charity Societies. 172 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK Kansas City (continued). * [CONGREGATION] KENESETH ISRAEL. Rabbi, Samuel Kanter. Services, Saturday at 10 a. m. PROGRESS CLTJB, 1019 Washington Street. Founded Novem- ber, 1881. Officers: President, G. I. Rosenzweig; Vice- President, L. Neug-ass; Secretary, L. Haar; Treasurer, I. E. Bernheimer. Board of Trustees: Houseman, Jos. Haar; Stage Director, J. L. Stiebel; A. Lone, S. Hirsch, I. Bachrach, M. C. Reefer. Members, 115. Board meeting first and third Thursday of each month. Organiza- tion meets fourth Tuesday in March, June, September and December. St. Joseph * [CONGREGATION] ADATH JOSEPH. Rabbi, I. Schwab, S. E. corner 6th and Jule. [CONGREGATION] SHAARE SHOLEM (formerly ADATHJESHURUN), corner 6th and Angelique Streets. Founded 1885. Rabbi, A. Doney; Assistant, I. Hersh. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, J. Feltenstein; Vice-President, Max Geller; Secretary, J. Rosenthal; Treasurer, J. I. Abram- sohn; First Trustee, Julius Berger; Second Trustee, I. Gordon. Board meeting last Sunday in month. Mem- bers, 88. Services, Friday and Saturday. Religious School: Sunday, 9 to 12 a. m. Pupils, 30. Annual income, $1600. About to erect a new synagogue at 7th and Patee. * [CONGREGATION] SONS OF ISRAEL, 209 Felix. Rabbi, B. Men- iovske. St. Louis *BARON DE HIRSCH SOCIETY, Franklin Avenue, N. W. corner 11th. Secretary, N. Epstein. [CONGREGATION] BEITH HAMIDROSH HAGODEL, 1123 N. 11th Street. Founded 1882. Rabbi, S. Fredman. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, A. Specter; Vice- President, A. Rubinowitz; Secretary, J. Levitt; Treas- urer, M. Buchman. Board meeting monthly. Members, 85. Services daily, morning and evening. Annual income, about $2000. [CONGREGATION] BNAI-EL, corner 11th and Chouteau Avenue. Founded 1850. Rabbi, M. Spitz. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, Chas. F. Steiner; Vice-President, S. Bondi; Secretary, H. Kohner; Treasurer, D. Klauber. Board meeting first Sunday of the month. Members, 150. Services: Friday, 7.30 p. m.; Sabbath, 10 a. m; July- DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 173 St. Louis (continued). August, Sabbath morning at 9 o'clock. Religious School: Sabbath, 8.30 to 10 a.m.; Sunday, 9 to 11 a.m. Pupils, 130. Auxiliary Societies: Ladies' Aid and Young Folks' Auxiliary. *[CONGREGATION] B'NAI ISRAEL, 1005 N. 7th. Rabbi, Max Kranzberg. Services: Saturday, 7.30 p. m. [CONGREGATION] BNEI AMOONA, corner 13th and Carr Streets. Founded July 20, 1884. Rabbi, Adolf Rosentreter, 3113 Olive Street. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, T. Friedman; Vice-President, A. Graber; Secretary, N. Hesselberg, 1020 N. 20th Street; Treasurer, B. L. Gross; School Director, T. Lehman; six trustees. Board meeting first Sunday in the month. Members, 108. Services: daily, morning and evening; Saturday and holiday services, 8 a. m. Religious School: Saturday and Sunday, 10 to 12 a. m. Pupils, 86. Annual income, $2000. Aux- iliary Society: Ladies' Society " Tochter Israels." President, Mrs. C. Riegler, 905 Compton Avenue; Sec- retary, A. Rosentreter, 3113 Olive Street. Members, 72. *HEBREW FREE SCHOOL. *HOME FOR AGED AND INFIRM ISRAELITES. President, S. A. Rider. *HOSPITAL ASSOCIATION. Directors: Isaac Schwab, Louis Bry, A. Waldheim, Louis Strauss, Ben. Loewenstein, M. S. Wieder, William Goldstein, J. Van Raalte, S. Stam- pfe, J. Berger, D. Rosentreter, Fleischman, S. Russack, Louis Glaser, Abe Hellman, Elias Michael, Henry Say- ers, J. D. Goldman, Mmes. Jonathan Rice, Lewis God- love, Julius Lessner, G. Mathes, Simon Gutfreund, J. Wolfert. [TEMPLE] ISRAEL, Pine, N. E. corner Leffingwell Avenue. Rabbi, Leon Harrison. Services: Saturday, 10.45 a. m.; Sunday lecture, 11 a. m. *LADIES' SEWING SOCIETY. *LADIES' ZION SOCIETY. NEW MOUNT SINAI CEMETERY ASSOCIATION (Incorporated), St. Louis County. Founded May 10, 1876. Officers: President, Louis J. Singer; Vice-President, Sol. Boehm; Secretary, I. Kopelek, 9th and Lucas Avenue; Treasurer, Morris Glaser. Board of Trustees: L. J. Singer, Phil. Constam, M. S. Meder, M. Littrcan, I. Kopelek, Morris Glaser, I. Lieber, L. Steinberger, H. Meyers, Jos. Cook, S. Stampfe, Nathan Stampfe, Sol. Boehm. This associa- 174 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAE BOOK St. IiOuis (continued). tion comprises three Congregations, about 500 members. Annual income, $5000. Board meeting May, August, Oc- tober, January. Organization meets in May. * [CONGREGATION] SHAAKE EMETH, Lindell Boulevard, S. E. corner Vandeventer Avenue. Eabbi, Samuel Sale. Ser- vices: Saturday, 10.30 a. m.; Religious School, Saturday, 9 a.m.; Sunday, 9.45 a. m.; Lecture, Sunday, 9 a.m. * [CONGREGATION] (1) SHEERITH S'PHARD, 921 N. 9th. Rabbi, Z. Rosenfeld. Services: Saturday, 8.30 a. m. * [CONGREGATION] (2) SHEERITH S'PHARD. Rabbi, Abraham S. Jaffe. Services: Saturday, 8.30 a.m. * [CONGREGATION] TIFERETH ISRAEL. Union of the Congrega- tions Beth Jacob, Sons of Benjamin, Beth Abraham, Beth Israel, and Chevra Kadisha. Organized 1899. *SISTBRHOOI> or PERSONAL SERVICE. THE UNITED HEBREW CONGREGATION, S. E. corner 21st and Olive Streets. Founded 1837. Rabbi, Henry J. Messing. Officers: President, Julius Van Raalte; Vice-President, B. Friedman; Treasurer, Leopold Mayer; Secretary, S. Zork, 1226 Hickory. Board of Trustees: M. Mandle, A. Plessner, S. J. Russack, Joseph Landau, S. H. Solomon, Saml. Marx, H. C. Hyman, Moses Summerfield and Jacob Warner. Board meeting last Monday of the month. Members, 125. Services: Friday, 7.30 p.m.; Sabbath, 10 a. m. Religious School: Sabbath, 9 to 10 a. m.; Sunday, 9.30 to 11 a. m. Pupils, 75. Annual income, $6000. Auxiliary Society, The United Hebrew Ladies' Aid Society, organized in October, 1880. *YOUNG MEN'S HEBREW ASSOCIATION. MONTANA Butte [CONGREGATION] BNAI ISRAEL. Founded August 10, 1897. Rabbi, Maurice Eisenberg. Officers: President, A. Wehl; Vice-President, Henry Jonas; Treasurer, Joseph Rosenthal; Secretary, M. L. Heiman. Annual meeting first Tuesday in November. Members, 60. Services: Friday, 8 p. m.; Saturday, 10.30 a. m. Religious School, Sunday, 2.30 p. m. Pupils, 40. Annual income, $2000. Auxiliary Society, Ladies' Auxiliary Society. Helena [TEMPLE] EMANU-EL. Officers: President, Henry Klein; Vice- President, Henry Loble; Treasurer, Herman Gans; Sec- DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 175

Helena (continued). retary, A. Birkenfeld. Services: Friday, 7.30 p.m. winter, 7 p. m.; Saturday, 10 a. m. Religious School, Sun- day, 10 to 12 a. m. UNITED HEBREW BENEVOLENT ASSOCIATION. Founded 1872. Officers: President, L. Marks; Vice-President, M. Liss- ner; Secretary, Herman Tonn, 536 Ewing Street; Treas- urer, A. Birkenfeld. Board of Trustees: M. Silverman, H. Fligelman, H. Loble. Members, 39. Annual income, $234. Organization meets second Sunday of the month. Objects: Charity and care of cemetery.

NEBRASKA Hastings *HEBKEW BURIAL ASSOCIATION. Lincoln [CONGREGATION] BNAI YESHURUN. Founded 1890. Rabbi, Abram Simon. Officers and Board of Trustees: Presi- dent, M. A. Newmark; Secretary, D. Schlessinger, 1448 L Street; Treasurer, Morris Friend. Board meeting first Tuesday of the month. Members, 20. Services, first and third Sunday of the month. Religious School, Sunday, 10 a. m. Pupils, 42. Annual income, $1000 to $1200. Auxiliary Society, Naomi Society (charitable). Omaha BNAI BRITH BENEVOLENT AUXILIARY. Founded December, 1898. Officers: President, Max Morris; Secretary, I. Hes- selberg; Treasurer, Saml. Katz. Board of Trustees: Max Morris, I. Hesselberg, Samuel Katz, Carl Brandeis. Board meeting every Sunday. * [CONGREGATION] B'NAI ISRAEL, 1730 S. 13th. Rabbi, Harry Grodznisky. Services, 8 a. m. and 4 p. m. Sabbath School, Saturday, 8.30 a. m. * [CONGREGATION] B'NAI ISRAEL, 1526 S. 13th. Rabbi, Abram Bramson. Services: 8 a. m., 4 p. m. Sabbath School, 2.30 p. m. ' [TEMPLE] ISRAEL, Harney Street, near 24th. Founded 1870 (?). Rabbi, Abram Simon. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, S. Katz; "Vice-President, M. Morris; Treas- urer, L. Kirschbraun; Secretary, B. Newman; Trustees: S. Reichenberg, S. L. Degen, M. Levy, J. Merritt, I. Hes- selberg, C. Brandeis. Board meeting first Sunday of the month. Members, 105. Services: Friday, 7.45 p.m.; 176 AMEEICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

Omaha {continued). Saturday, 10 a. m. Religious School, Sunday, 9.30 to 11.30 a. m. Pupils, 120. Annual income, about $5000. Auxiliary Societies: Ladies' Aid and Sewing Society; Children's Industrial School. *RUSSIAN ISRAELITE SYNAGOGUE, 1212 N. Capitol Avenue. Rabbi, M. A. Zimman. Services: Friday, 5 p. m.; Satur- day, 9 a.m. NEW HAMPSHIRE Manchester *QUEEN CITY HEBREW SYNAGOGUE, 335 Pine Street. Rabbi, A. Cantor; Chairman, Heller Rubin; Treasurer, Julius Katz. Services: Fridays at sunset; Saturdays, Sundays and all Jewish holidays at 8 a. m. Nashua * [CONGREGATION] BACE ABRAHAM. President, S. Cohen; Treas- urer, Mark Mandleson. About to erect a synagogue. NEW JEUSEY Alliance * [CONGREGATION] EMANU EL. Atlantic City [CONGREGATION] BETH ISRAEL, S. Pennsylvania Avenue, corner Pacific Avenue. Services: Saturday, 10.30 a.m.; Friday, 8 p. m. Rabbi, S. Philo. THE JEWISH SEASIDE HOME FOR INVALIDS, 2412 Pacific Ave- nue. Founded 1892, and operated by the Jewish Matern- ity Association of Philadelphia (which see). Officers: President, Mrs. Julia G. Arnold; "Vice-President, Mrs. Joseph Louchheim; Secretary, Mrs. S. Belle Cohn, 730 Arch Street, Philadelphia, Pa.; Assistant Secretary, Miss Jeannette C. Davidson; Treasurer, Benjamin F. Teller. Board of Directors: Mrs. E. MeyerhofE, Mrs. Lorenz R. Schwerin, Mrs. Henrietta Caspar, Mrs. J. Leonard Levy, Mrs. Myer Behal, Mrs. Martin L. Wolf, Isaac Herzb'erg, Isaac Leopold, M. D., M. S. MeyerhofE, Mrs. J. M. Engel, Mrs. Charles de Young, Mrs. Abe Herzberg; Honorary Member of the Board, Mrs. Esther Amram. Superin- tendent, Miss Nettie Armhold; Resident Physician, Dr. Morris I. Schamberg. Object: Care and treatment of sick Jewish children and women, •[CONGREGATION] RODEF SHOLOM. DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 177 Elizabeth [CONGREGATION] B'NAI ISRAEL, E. Jersey Street. Founded June, 1882. Officers: President, Louis Strauss; Vice- President, Win. Miller; Treasurer, Cbas. Callman; Sec- retary, M. Koestler. Board of Trustees: David Kauf- man, Joseph David, E. G. Cohen. Members, 21. Annual income, $600. Board meeting first Sunday of the month. Organization meets quarterly. *HEBREW ASSOCIATION. Meets second and fourth Sunday at Knoll's Hall, 463 E. Jersey Street. YOUNG MEN'S HEBREW ASSOCIATION AND LADIES' AUXILIARY, E. Jersey Street near Jaques Street. Founded September 26, 1896. Officers: President, Abe J. David; Vice-Presi- dent, Miss Sophia Epstein; Treasurer, Edward Strauss; Secretary, Monroe Callman, 55 Jefferson Avenue. Mem- bers, 21. Annual income, $63. Organization meets first and third Sunday of every month. Objects, social and literary. Jersey City * [TEMPLE] BETH EL. * [CONGREGATION] BNAI ISRAEL, 187 1st Street. Organized 1882. Rabbi, Sol. Grafman. Long Branch *[CONGREGATION] BETH MIRIAM. Morristown *Congregation about to be organized. Newark * [CONGREGATION] AGUDAS ACHIM, 47 Bedford. Israel Fein. [CONGREGATION] ANSHE RUSSIA, 110 Prince Street. Founded December 29, 1886. Officers: President, Max Stern; Vice-President, M. Hurwitz; Treasurer, Max Fast; Sec- retary, Philip Kemper, 219 13th Avenue. Trustees: N. Rubin, M. Pollack. Board meeting every two weeks on Sunday afternoon. Members, 148. Services daily, morning and evening. Annual income, $2000. Auxil- iary Society, Chewre Schas. * [CONGREGATION] BEITH ISRAEL. [CONGREGATION] B'NAI ABRAHAM, 226 Washington. President, Wm. S. Rich; Vice-President, Louis Benatar; Recording Secretary, H. Kish, 46 Nelson Place; Treasurer, Louis Gross; Rabbi, Jacob Goldstein; Sexton, S. Cohen, 111 Bank. 12 178 AMEEICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

Newark (continued). *B'NAI JACOB OF N. J. CEMETERY, 530 S. Orange Avenue. [CONGREGATION] B'NAI JESHURUN. Founded August 20, 1848. Eabbi, Joseph Leucht, 697 High Street; Assistant, S. Schlager. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, Jos. Goetz; Vice-President, Reuben Trier; Treasurer, Bernard Strauss; Secretary, Jos. Korn, 22 Warren Street; Simon Scheuer, Moses Straus, Meyer Newman, Jos. Isenburg, David Straus, Aaron Meyer, Leser Leh- man, Sam'l Froehlich, Louis Plaut. Board meeting, last Sunday of the month. Members, 152; seatholders, 34. Services: Friday, 8 p.m.; Saturday, 10 a.m. Religious School: four Weekly sessions from 4 to 6 p. m.; Sunday, 9.30 to 12 a. m. Pupils, 225. Annual income, $12,000. Auxiliary Society, Ladies' Temple Association. HEBREW BENEVOLENT AND ASYLUM ASSOCIATION. Founded January, 1865. Officers: President, Bernard Strauss; Vice-President, Reuben Trier; Secretary, Gabriel J. Kempe, 132y2 Court Street; Treasurer, Joseph Goetz. Board of Trustees: Joseph Isenburg, Simon Scheuer, Jacob Holzner, Philip Lowy, Samuel Froehlich, Eman- uel Abeles, Sol. De Jonge, Aaron Meyer, David Straus, Moses Straus, Dan. Marx, Elias Berla, Louis Plaut, Isaac Lehman. Members, 490. Annual income, about $4000. Board meeting first Thursday of the month. Organiza- tion meets annually in January. The new Orphan Asylum on Clinton Avenue will be occupied in a few months. *HEBREW LADIES' SEWING CIRCLE. Meets Thursday evenings at 324 Washington. President, Mrs. Franklin Marx; Vice-President, Mrs. Rudolph Levy; Recording Secretary, Miss Minnie De Jonge, 282 Washington; Treasurer, Mrs. Morris Strauss. HULDA LODGE NO. 5, TJ. O. T. S., 100 Market Street. Founded October, 1866. Officers: President, Theresa Grotta; Vice- President, Julia Abeles; Treasurer, Bertha Bachman; Secretary, Anna Silverstein, 297 Plane Street; Assistant Secretary, Ida Hauser; Sergeant-at-Arms, Ella Liebes- kind. Board of Trustees: Fanny Goodman, Dora Weil, Julia Rosenfeld. Members, 185. Annual income, $323.75. Board meeting twice a year. Organization meets second and fourth Wednesday in month. Mutual Benefit Association. LADIES' HEBREW ORPHAN AID SOCIETY, 232 Mulberry Street. Founded January 22, 1889. Officers: President, Miss DIRECTOEY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 179

Newark (continued). Rose Marx; "Vice-President, Miss Helene Straus; Finan- cial Secretary, Miss Jennie Michael; Treasurer, Miss Frances Straus; Corresponding Secretary, Miss Carrie Kempe, 132% Court. Board of Trustees: Miss Bertha Straus, Miss Josie Weierman, Miss Jennie Scheuer, Miss Rose Lehman, Miss Gussie Meyer, Miss Minnie Mendel, Miss Clara Straus, Miss Millie Schwab, Miss Flora Trier, Miss Rose Lehman. Members, 143. Annual income, $286. Board meeting1 second Sunday of the month. Organization meets every Monday afternoon to sew. Objects: Clothing the orphans in the orphan asylum and replenishing furniture, etc. Entertainments are given annually. The last cleared $800. [CONGREGATION] OHEB SHOLOM, 30-34 Prince Street. Founded 5620. Rabbi, Dr. B. Gluck, 77 Baldwin Street; Assistant, Cantor, J. Shorr. Officers: President, A. Schlosser; Vice-President, Emanuel Abeles; Treasurer, S. Hey- man; Financial Secretary, I. Grand, 358 Spring-field Street; Recording Secretary, I. Rosenblatt. Trustees: E. Blau, A. Fisher, A. Steiner, M. Nusbaum, Sig. Cahn, Meyer Russy, Emanuel Heyman. Board meeting third Thursday of the month. Members, 100. Services: Fri- day, 8 p. m.; Saturday, 9.30 a. m. Religious School: Sunday, 10 a. m.; daily, 4.30 to 6 p. m. Pupils, 120. An- nual income, $6000. Auxiliary Societies: Ladies' Miriam Verein, Young Ladies' Auxiliary. *SONS OF ABRAHAM CEMETERY [ORDER], 526 S. Orange Avenue. Orange [CONGREGATION] SHAREY TEFILO. Founded October, 1874. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, B. Hammel; Vice-President, T. Lehman; Treasurer, L. Sonnenshein; Secretary, S. J. KLauber, 193 Main Street. Board meeting first Sunday of the month. Members, about 20. Services: Friday, 7 p.m.; Saturday, 8.30 a.m. Annual income, about $300. Auxiliary Societies: Ladies' Monte- fiore Aid Society, Jesse Seligman Literary Circle. Passaic * [CONGREGATION] BNEI JACOB. Paterson. * [CONGREGATION] AHAVATH JOSEPH, 11 Washington. * [CONGREGATION] AHAWIS ZIDAIKE. *[CONGREGATION] B'NAI ISRAEL, 38 Paterson. 180 AMEKICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

Pater son. {continued). [CONGREGATION] B'NAI JESHUKUN (NATHAN BABNERT ME- MORIAL TEMPLE), Broadway and Straight Street. Founded 185—. Rabbi, Abram S. Isaacs. Officers: Presi- dent, Nathan Barnert; Vice-President, Jacob Levi; Treasurer, Nathan Fleischer; Secretary, Leon Fried- man. Trustees: Bernard Katz, Philip Katz, Henry Nathan, Marcus Cohn, Leopold Meyer, Louis Levi, M. Cohn, R. Harris, M. H. Ellenbogen, S. Opet. Members, 75. Religious School three times weekly. Auxiliary Societies: Hebrew Ladies' Benevolent Society, Young Ladies' Auxiliary, Young People's Association. *HEBREW LADIES' RELIEF SOCIETY. President, R. L. Harris; Vice-President, Mrs. Marcus; Secretary, Mrs. Cohen; Treasurer, Mrs. Kuffman; First Trustee, Mrs. Cushman; Second Trustee, Mrs. Urdang; Third Trustee, Mrs. Lichtenstein. PATERSON HEBREW FREE SCHOOL ASSOCIATION, 169 Market Street. Founded July 15, 1896. Officers: President, Hon. Nathan Barnert; Vice-President, Marcus Cohen; Treas- urer, Samuel Krulansky; Recording Secretary, D. H. Bilder; Financial Secretary, I. H. Levine. Board of Trustees: Hon. Nathan Barnert, Marcus Cohn, Simon Opet, D. Bohm, Leopold Meyer, Samuel Krulansky, M. H. Ellenbogen, Boas Barnert, L. Bilder, L. Lapot, H. Herzberg, Nathan Fleisher, Abram. S. Isaacs, H. B. Kitay and I. H. Levine. Members, 115. Annual income, $1400. Board meeting fourth Tuesday of the month. Organization meets first Sunday in February. Object: To educate poor Hebrew children in Hebrew, Jewish history, literature, etc., free of charge. *PROGRESS CLUB, 205 Main. President, Samuel Bauer; Sec- retary, James Wollenberg. Members, 70.

Trenton * [CONGREGATION] ACHEI BNAI ISRAEL. * [CONGREGATION] HAR SINAI. Woodbine *CONGREGATION.

NEW MEXICO Albuquerque *CONGREGATION. Rabbi, Dr. H. W. Greenburg. DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 181 Las Vegas HEBBEW LADIES' BENEVOLENT SOCIETY. Founded October 2, 1895. Officers: President, Mrs. David Winternitz; Vice- President, Mrs. N. L. Rosenthal; Treasurer, Mrs. Julius Graaf; Secretary, Mrs. B. A. Bonnheim. Members, 27. Annual income, about $150. Board meeting three times yearly. Organization meets in September. MONTEFIORE CONGREGATION. Founded 1884. Rabbi, Ben- jamin A. Bonnheim. Officers: President, Julius Judell; Vice-President, Charles Rosenthal; Secretary, Cecilio Rosenwald; Treasurer, L. H. Manko. Board of Trus- tees: The officers and the following, David Win- ternitz, Dan. Stern, A. Weil, Sam'l Rosenthal and Ike Davis. Board meeting the first Sunday of January. Members, 55. Services: Friday, 8 p.m.; Saturday, 10 a. m. Religious School: Saturday, 9 to 10 a. m.; Sunday, 9 to 12 a. m. Pupils, 15. Annual income, about $1800. NEW YORK Albany ADELPHI CLUB, 134 State Street. Founded January 26, 1873. Officers: President, Myer Mandelbaum; Vice- President, Isaac M. Strasser; Recording Secretary, Charles M. Friend; Financial Secretary, Philip M. Frank; Treasurer, Julius L. Miller. Board of Trustees: David Muhlfelder, Charles S. May, L. M. Stark, Gates Barnet, B. L. Steefel, Nathan Hatch, Myer Wertheim, Louis I. Waldman, Norman Mendleson, M. V. B. Schuster. Mem- bers, 140. Board meeting first Wednesday of the month. Club meets second Wednesday in January, April, July and October. [CONGBEGATION] BETH-EMETH. Consolidated December 1, 1885 (Beth El founded 1838, Anshe Emeth founded 1850). Rabbi, M. Schlesinger, Ph.D.; Assistant, Rabbi A. Lyons. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, Julius Lav- entail, 75 Lancaster Street; Vice-President, B. Stark; Treasurer, Isaac Waldman; Secretary, H. Lipman; Trus- tees: S. W. Rosendale, Isaac Brilleman, B. Motz, Jac. Friedman, A. Mendleson, Sol. Levy. Board meeting third Sunday of the month. Members, about 240. Ser- vices: Friday, 7.30 p.m.; Sabbath, 10 a.m. Religious School, Sunday, 10.30 a. m. Pupils, 135. Auxiliary So- cieties: Young People's Association, Men and Women Chebrah, Jewish Home Society, Ladies' Sewing Society. Cemeteries at Watervliet and Bethlehem. Founded re- 182 AMEEICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

Albany (continued). spectively October 11, 1850, and March 25, 1838. Officers: President, Julius Laventall; Secretary, Henry W. Lip- man, 614 Madison Avenue; Treasurer, Isaac Brilleman. Board of Trustees: J. Laventall, S. W. Rosendale, J. S. Friedman, Isaac Waldman, B. Motz, A. Mendleson, B. Stark, I. Brilleman, S. Levy. Members, 225. Annual income (1898), $1713.52. Board meeting third Sunday of the month. Organization meets in September. *[CONGREGATION] BRITH SCHOLOM. Meets Laventall's Build- ing. President, Meyer Jacobs; Vice-President, Jacob Davis; Treasurer, Marcus Cohen; Recording Secretary, Joseph Bach. HEBREW BENEVOLENT SOCIETY. Founded September 20, 1855. Officers: President, Sol. Levi; Vice-President, Rev. A. Lyons; Treasurer, A. Mendleson; Honorary Secretary, Dr. M. Schlesinger, 334 Hudson Avenue. Board of Trustees: Isaac Brilleman, Jos. Mann, Julius Saul, Gates Barnet, H. Bochlowitz, Jac. Friedman, Sol. Strasser, Dr. W. G. Lewi. Members, 170. Annual income, from $2200 to $2400. Board meeting last Sunday of the month. Organization meets Sunday between New Year and Day of Atonement. *HEBBEW FREE SCHOOL.

HEBREW TAILORS' ASSOCIATION OF THE CITY OF ALBANY, 100 Herkimer Street. Founded August 29, 1891. Offi- cers: President, Ph. Bronstein, 80 Arch Street; Vice- President, Julius Cohen, 98 Madison Avenue; Financial Secretary, Olshansky, 76 Madison Avenue; Correspond- ing Secretary, H. Katz, 100 Madison Avenue. Board of Trustees: Julius Morow, Earn Barach, Hyman Rosen- felt. Members,. 80. Annual income, $240. Organiza- tion meets first and third Sunday of the month. Mutual Benefit Association.

*HOME FOR AGED, INFIRM AND DESTITUTE ISRAELITES IN THE CITY OF ALBANY. Founded 1875. President, Simon W. Rosendale; Secretary, J. S. Friedman. * [CONGREGATION] SONS OF ABRAHAM, S. Ferry, corner Frank- lin. Rabbi, J. Bloch. *YOUNG MEN'S MONTEFIORE ASSOCIATION. President, J. B. Harwith; Treasurer, L. Lubinsky; Recording Secretary, M. M. VernickofE; Financial Secretary, L. Rickman. DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 183

Amsterdam *TEMPLE OT ISRAEL, First National Bank Building. Presi- dent, Julius Wasserman; Secretary, L. Lovenheim; Treasurer, S. Levi. Binghamton [CONGREGATION] SONS OF ISRAEL, 38 Water Street. Founded November, 1885. Officers: President, S. Sitman, 41 Sher- man Place; Vice-President, R. Banchefsky, Murray Street; Recording and Financial Secretary, S. Sherman, 4 Fayette Street; Treasurer, Ben Cohen; Trustees: A. I. Cohn, A. Feinbloom, A. Lipetz. Members, 34. Annual income, about $500. Organization meets semi-monthly. A new Synagogue, to cost $5000, has been erected on our own lot by donations of members and others. Dedi- cated August, 1899. Brooklyn * [CONGREGATION] AHAWATH ACHIM, Johnson Avenue near Ewen Street. Founded 1868. [CONGREGATION] AHAWATH CHESED, corner Lorimer and Stagg Street. Founded April 1, 1898. Rabbi, M. B. Newmark. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, H. Schlivinski; Vice-President, Ferd. Reinheimer; Treas- urer, Win. Rosenbusch; Secretary, H. Weiss; Trustees: M. Bauer, A. Rummelsburg, Feldherr, Pupkins, H. Weit, Friedberg. Board meeting first Sunday of the month. Members, 60. Services, Friday evening and Saturday. Religious School: Sunday from 10 to 12 a. m.; daily from 4 to 6 p. m. Pupils, 100. Annual income, $2000. Aux- iliary Society, Ladies' Society Ahawath Chesed. [CONGREGATION] AHAWATH SCHOLOM BETH ARON, 98 Scholes Street. Founded 1889. Rabbi, David Liknaitz, 187 Hop- kins Street; Cantor, Kalman Solomon. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, S. Freudenthal; Vice- President, A. Aron; Secretary, E. Asch, 156 Lynch; Treasurer, S. Abraham; Trustees: Chairman, H. Korn- bluth, D. GHick, H. Wolff, M. Levy, E. Kohn, H. Fried, A. Harris. Members, 30. Services, morning and evening. Religious School, 9.30 a. m. Pupils, 300. Annual income, $3000. Auxiliary Societies: Ladies' Society, Young People's Society, Junior Young People's Society. Religious School taught by ten teachers, one principal and one superintendent. * [CONGREGATION] ANSHE LIEBOVICZ. * [CONGREGATION] ASIFAS ISRAEL. 184 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAE BOOK Brooklyn {continued). *[TEMPLE] BETH EL OF GBEENPOINT, 110 Noble. M. J. Luebke. Founded 1886. [CONGREGATION] BETH ELOHIM, State Street near Hoyt. Founded September 29, 1861. Eabbi, G. Taubenhaus, 403 2d Street; Assistant, Cantor, S. Eadnitz. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, Dave Stein; Vice- President, Samuel Klein; Treasurer, Joseph Harris; Secretary, Dave Engel; Collector, Ralph Strauss; Trus- tees: Levy Blumenau, Dave Meyer, Alex. Newman, Henry Bloch, Dan. Stern, Judge Jacob Brenner. Members, 106. Services: Friday, 6 p. m. in summer and 8 p. m. in winter, with lecture; Sabbath, 10 a. m. Eeligious School, Sunday from 10 to 12 a. m. Pupils, about 300. Annual income, about $8000. [TEMPLE] BETH ELOHIM, Keap Street near Division Avenue. Founded 1850. Eabbi, Leopold Wintner, Ph. D. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, Ernst Nathan; Vice- President, L. Michel: Secretary, A. J. Piddian; Treas- urer, Mendel Levy; Trustees: Morris Adler, L. Bloch, Moses Kessel, Nathan Levy, Moses May, E. L. Mayer, Louis Newman, Henry Eoth. Board meeting first Thursday of the month. Members, 135. Services: Fri- day, 6 p. m.; Saturday, 10 a. m.; during the winter months, Friday services with lecture at 8 p. m. Eeii- gious School, Sunday from 9.30 to 12 a.m. Pupils, 118. Annual income, $8000. Auxiliary Society: The Ladies' Temple Association. President, Mrs. I. L. Bamberger; Secretary, Dr. L. Wintner. * [CONGREGATION] BETH HAHIDRASH HAGODOL. * [CONGREGATION] BETH ISRAEL. M. Eosenstein. Founded 1856. * [CONGREGATION BETH JACOB, 326 Keap Street. Founded 1872. * [CONGREGATION] BIKKUR CHOLIM, Wyona near Fulton. J. F. Loeb. Founded 1885. * [CONGREGATION] B'NAI SHOLOM, 19th, corner 5th Avenue. A. Ettinger. [CHEBRAH] BNEI SHLOMA, 148 Varet Street. Founded 1893. Eabbi, S. Newman. Officers and Board of Trustees: L. Baum, L. Stern, S. Newman. Members, 50. Ser- vices daily. Eeligious School, daily, 9 a. m. Pupils, 40. Annual income, $150. *COOK STREET SYNAGOGUE, 44 Cook Street. Founded 1883. DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 185

Brooklyn (continued). * [CONGREGATION] ETZ CHAIM ANSHB LUBIN. *HEBEEW AMERICAN LEAGUE, 75 Graham Avenue. President, Win. Libermann; First Vioe-President, Max Schaffer; Second Viee-President, Morris RisincofE; Treasurer, Louis Slutzky; Financial Secretary, Joseph Braude; Recording Secretary, A. Harkavy. *HEBREW BENEVOLENT ASSOCIATION, 161 Smith Street. Founded 1871. President, Henry Manne. Annual income, $2000. *HEBREW BENEVOLENT SOCIETY, E. D., 276 Keap Street. Founded 1878. Officers: President, Moses Kessel; Treas- urer, B. Nachman; Secretary, Abraham Kodziessen, 250 S. 5th Street. Annual income, $1000. HEBREW ORPHAN ASYLUM, 373-393 Ralph Avenue. Founded 1878. Officers: President, Moses May; Vice-President, Abraham Abraham; Treasurer, Herman Newman; Sec- retary, Abraham J. Piddian, 38 Melrose Street. Board of Trustees: Morris Adler, Lipman Arensberg, Ira Leo Bamberger, Henry Bloch, Benjamin Croner, Louis L. Firuski, Samuel Gabriel, Samuel Goodstein, Emanuel Katz, Edward Kaufman, Moses Kessel, Samuel Klein, Isaac Levy, Michael Levy, Henry May, David Mayer, Emil Louis Mayer, Leopold Michel, David I. Rogow, S. F. Rothschild, David W. Stein, Benoit Wasserman, Emanuel Weil. Members, 870. Annual income, about $50,000. Auxiliary Ladies' Society. * [TEMPLE] ISRAEL OF BROOKLYN, Bedford and Lafayette Ave- nues. Founded 1869. Rabbi, Leon M. Nelson. Officers: President, A. Abraham; Vice-President, Sam'l Goodstein; Treasurer, Emanuel Katz; Secretary, G. Merzbach.s Board of Trustees: Sam'l Gabriel, Simon Batt, Henry H. Davis, Benson H. Goodman, David J. Steinhardt, Edward C. Blum. Auxiliary Ladies' Society. *LADIES' HEBREW BENEVOLENT SOCIETY. Founded 1870. Offi- cers: President, Mrs. Ernestina Levison; Vice-President, Mrs. Julia Bacharach; Treasurer, Mrs. Lena Newman; Corresponding Secretary, Mrs. Gussie Kodziessen; Fi- nancial Secretary, Mrs. Adelaide Moritz. Trustees: Mrs. Fanny Levy, Mrs. Henrietta Hagenbacher. Members, 260. Annual income, about $1500. *[CONGREGATION] MOUNT SINAI, Bridge Street near Fulton. * [CONGREGATION] OHAVE SHOLOM, Thatford near Belmont Ave- 186 AMEEICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

Brooklyn (continued). • *UNITY CLUB, Franklin Avenue and Hancock Street. Founded 1896. Officers: President, Mitchell May; Vice-President, Herman Liebmann; Treasurer, J. L. Jensen; Secretary, Louis Herrman; Corresponding Secretary, Henry N. Davis. Board of Trustees: Moses May, David Michael, Joseph Manne, Ferd. Seligman, Maurice Wright, Casper Citron, Louis Nova, Moses G. Harris, Isidor G. Hagen- bacher. Members, 165. Buffalo * [CONGREGATION] AHAVATH ACHIM, Jefferson Street. [CONGREGATION] AHOVAS SHOLEM, 407 Jefferson Street. Founded 1891. Rabbi, B. Amder, 28 Beck Street. Offi- cers: President, D. Wagner; Vice-President, Jacob Jac- obson; Treasurer, N. Wolfe; Secretary, H. Joseph, 609 Adams Street. Board of Trustees: M. Cohen, Rob. Fried, Harris Lowenthal. Board meeting second Sunday of the month. Members, 45. Services: Friday night, Saturday morning, afternoon and evening. Annual income, $500. * [CONGREGATION] ANSHE LEBAWIZ, Pratt Street. * [CONGREGATION] BETH EL. * [CONGREGATION] BETH JACOB. [TEMPLE] BETH ZION, Delaware Avenue. Founded 1864. Rabbi, Israel Aaron, D. D., 748 Auburn Avenue. Offi- cers: President, A. Oppenheimer; Vice-President, L. Warner; Secretary, Sol. Rosenau; Treasurer, M. Wile. Trustees: Sol. Ginzberg, H. Wile, M. Bock, Julius Alt- man, M. Fischer, Joseph Block. Board meeting first Monday of the month. Members, 130. Services: Fri- day, 7.30 p.m.; Saturday, 10.30 a.m.; Children's Service, Sunday, 10 a. m. Religious School: Saturday, 9 to 10.30 a.m.; Sunday, 10 to 13 a.m. Pupils, 140. Auxiliary Societies: Sisterhood of Zion, 300 members; Hebrew Board of Charities; Sewing Society. (See Sisterhood of Zion.) [CONGREGATION] BBITH ISRAEL, 209 Hickory Street. Founded February, 1887. Minister, Jacob Abramowitz. Officers: President, A. Contor; Vice-President, C. Tasman; Treas- urer, B. Grenshtein; Secretary, Jacob Kelman, 586 Jefferson Street. Board of Trustees: Isaac Feldberg, M. Cohen, Sam. Brown, Ch. Simon. Board meeting third Sunday of the month. Members, 65. Services daily, 9 a. m. and 7 p. m. Religious School daily, 9 DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 187

Buffalo (continued). a. m. to 1 p. m. Pupils, 84. Annual income, $1500 to $2000. Auxiliary Societies: Chevra Kadisha, Achnosas Orchem. [CONGREGATION] BRITH SHALEM, Pine near William Street. Founded January, 1882. Rabbi, H. Singer. Officers: President, Denton; Vice-President, S. J. Jacobson; Sec- retary, B. Leveen; Treasurer, S. Altman. Board meeting' twice a month. Members, 38. Services, three times daily. *HEBREW BOARD OP CHARITIES, 40 Pearl. President, L. Keiser; Vice-President, I. Aaron, D. D.; Secretary, L. Rothschild. *HICKORT STREET SYNAGOGUE. LADIES' HEBREW ASSOCIATION, New Era, Swan and Main Streets. Founded May 4, 1882. Officers: President, Mrs. Abraham Fybush; Vice-President, Fanny Isaac; Secretary, Bertha Levy; Treasurer, Eva Cohen. Trus- tees: Mrs. Nathan, Mrs. Comins, Mrs. Aarons. Mem- bers, 80. Board meeting first Sunday of the month. Object: Welfare of its members. LADIES' MONTEFIORE BENEVOLENT SOCIETY. Founded No- vember, 1886. Officers: President, Mrs. A. Meyers; Vice- President, Mrs. A. Harris; Treasurer, Mrs. B. Falk; Secretary, Mrs. A. W. Bohne, 417 Clinton Street. Board of Trustees: Mrs. Berg, Mrs. I. Grodinsky. Members, 75. Annual income, $225. Organization meets second Sunday of the month. Object, relief of poor. *MANHATTAN LADIES' AUXILIARY. President, Mrs. B. Levy; Secretary, Mrs. E. Harrison. MANHATTAN SOCIAL AND BENEFIT SOCIETY, corner Broad- way and Ash Street. Founded January 14, 1895. Offi- cers: President, I. Janowitz; Vice-President, L. Jokl; Recording Secretary, K. M. Goldstein, 210 William Street; Financial Secretary, H. Levy, 238 N. Division Street; Treasurer, P. Cohn. Board of Trustees: E. J. Janowitz, H. Land, I. H. Cohn. Members, 147. Annual income, $800. Organization meets first and third Sun- day of the month. Objects: Sick benefit of $10 per week; funeral benefits; also social entertainments. *PHOENIX CLUB, 352-354 Franklin. President, A. L. Warner; Secretary, S. Rosenau. SISTERHOOD OF ZION. Founded April, 1891. Officers: Presi- dent, Mrs. Marcus Spiegel; First Vice-President, Mrs. 188 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK Buffalo (continued). Israel Aaron; Second Vice-President, Mrs. Herman Waterman; Treasurer, Mrs. Magnus Wiener; Financial Secretary, Mrs. Emanuel Boasberg, 486 Linwood Ave- nue; Corresponding Secretary, Miss Theresa Rosenberg, 312 Grant Street. Board of Trustees: the Officers and Mrs. Benjamin Desbecksr, Mrs. Julius Levi, Mrs. Moritz Fischer, Mrs. A. J. Elias, Mrs. Louis Jellinek, Mrs. August Keiser, Mrs. Eugene A. Wolff, Mrs. Frederic Ullman, Mrs. Louis Weill, Miss Miriam Rosenau. Mem- bers, 280. Annual income, $336. Board meeting first Wednesday of the month. Organization meets second Sunday in October. Objects: Educational and philanthropic. Daughters of the Star (operating under the Sisterhood). Chairman, Mrs. Henry Altaian. Elmira CHEVRO KADISHO AND BICKUB CHOLIM, Orchard Street. Founded October, 1891. Omcers and Board of Trustees: President, J. L. Radin; Vice-President, H. Rabinowitz; Secretary, H. Lewis; Trustees: J. Honig, H. Frank, H. Oberman. Board meeting first Sunday of the month. Members, 90. Annual income, $108. [TEMPLE] CHILDREN OF ISRAEL, 108 High Street. Founded 1851. Rabbi, Jacob Marcus, 459 E. 2d Street. Omcers and Board of Trustees: President, Henry Friendly; Vice-President, T. Lande; Trustees: Myer Friendly, Henry Gladke, S. Johnson. Members, 43. Services: Friday, 7.30 p.m.; Saturday, 9.30 a.m. Religious School: Sunday, 10 to 12 a. m.; daily, 4 to 6 p. m. Pupils, 60. Annual income, $1100. Auxiliary Societies: Temple Aid Society, President, Mrs. L. Holzheimer; Ladies' Benevolent Society, President, Mrs. S. J. Friendly; De- borah Society, President, Mrs. F. Schwartz. ELMIRA HEBREW RELIEF ASSOCIATION. Founded January 31, 1892. Officers: President, L. Holzheimer; Treasurer, A. Samuels; Secretary, Morris J. Gladke. Relief Com- mittee: L. Holzheimer, Morris J. Gladke, Jos. Panino, H. Goldstein. Members, about 75. Board meeting every week. Organization meets every month. *JEWISH CEMETERY, S. Broadway and Franklin. LADIES' AID SOCIETY. Founded 1885. Officers and Board of Trustees; President, Mrs. L. Holzheimer; Treasurer, Mrs. A. Samuel; Secretary, Mr. L. Holzheimer. Board meeting second Sunday of the month. Members, 62. Annual income, $74.40. DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 189 Elmira {continued). [CONGREGATION] SHOMRE HADATH, Orchard Street. Founded 1883. Rabbi, Barny Levine, 117 Orchard Street. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, Moses Werner; Vice- President, Jacob D. Oppenheim; Trustees: S. Rosenblatt, Nathan Rubin, H. Fisher. Board meeting1 April, July, September and January. Members, 44. Services daily, 7 a.m. and 7 p.m.; Saturday, 8 a.m. and 5 p.m. Re- ligious School: daily from 4.30 to 6.30 p. m.; Sunday, 9 to 12 a. m. Pupils, about 50. Annual income, about $600. *SULLIVAN STREET SYNAGOGUE AND TALMUD TORAH, 126 Sullivan. Rabbi, Moses Judleman. Gloversville *CONGREGATION. Haverstraw *CONGREGATION. Rabbi, A. A. Epstein. Hoboken * [CONGREGATION] ADATH EMUNO. Kingston *CONGREGATION. Newburgh * [CONGREGATION] AGUDAS ACHIM, Montgomery corner Fourth. President, N. Goodman; Vice-President, Harry Karmel; Recording Secretary, I. Zimmerman; Treasurer, Adolph Sobel. Services: Friday, 6 p. m.; Saturday, 8 a. m. * [CONGREGATION] BETH JACOB, South Street near Grand. Rabbi, H. Veld; President, Marcus Sharps; Vice- President, P. Stern; Financial Secretary, Robert Doblin; Recording Secretary, Victor Sharps; Treasurer, Sigis- mund Samuels. Regular services: Friday, 7.30 p.m.; Saturday, 9.30 a. m. Sunday School, 10 a. m. NEWBUBGH PROGRESS CLUB (Incorporated), 98 Smith Street. Founded August 19, 1894. Officers: President, Abram Aaron; Vice-President, Max Rosenbaum; Secretary, Martin Samuels; Financial Secretary, Benjamin Sam- uels; Treasurer, Sol. N. Levy; Sergeant-at-Arms, Moses Meyer. Board of Trustees: Sigismund Samuels, Simon Lewis, Louis Kades. Members, 35. Board meeting first Sunday in the month. Organization meets every Sunday. New York [CONGREGATION] ADATH ISRAEL, 348-350 E. 57th. Founded 1869. Rabbi, Moses Maisner, 239 E. 62d; Chazan, Bern- 190 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK New York (continued). hard Hast; Assistant Chazan, G. Feigenbaum; President, Heinrich Richter; Vice-President, E. Felbel; Treasurer, I. Unterberg; Secretary, M. G. Feigenbaum; Sexton, J. Moses, 313 E. 57th. Board of Trustees: M. Goldberg, G. Bernstein, A. Bleistift, W. Aaron, M. Brown, J.Hirsch. Members, 85. Services daily. Religious School: Sun- day, 9 to 12 a. m.; Wednesday, 4 to 6 p. m. Pupils, 100. Annual income, $6500. Auxiliary Societies: Chesed V'Emeth, Burial Society, Bikur Cholim. [KAHAL] ADATH JESHURUN, 12-16 Eldridge Street. Founded 1888. Rabbi, Joseph Elias Fried, East Broadway; Chazan, Abram Manowitz; Sexton, S. Rabinowitz, 16 Market Street; President, Nathan Hutkopf; Vice-Presi- dent, Abram Fein; Treasurer, Tobias Kaplan; Secretary,* Louis Maklawsky, 34 Canal. Board of Trustees: L. Meyer, Jacob Lunitz, Isaac Arbus, L. Berlin, Meyer Cohen, Meyer Horowitz. Board meets first Sunday every month. Members, 180. Services, three times daily. Annual income, $7000. Auxiliary Society, Chebra Kadisha. * [CONGREGATION] ADERETH EL. 135 E. 29th. President, A. Bloomingdale; Cantor, Hyman Jospe, 222 E. 58th; Sex- ton, Henry Jacobs. [CONGREGATION] AGUDATH JESHORIM, 113 and 115 E. 86th Street. Founded October 16, 1894. Rabbi, Dr. A. Cai- man, 117 E. 86th Street. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, M. Lowenstein; Vice-President, A. P. Politzer; Treasurer, Emil Gaspari; Secretary, Ph. Davidson; and nine trustees. Board meeting the last Tuesday of the month. Members and seatholders, 560. Services: daily at 6.30 a.m. and 6.30 p.m.; Friday at sunset and Sab- bath, 9.30 a.m. Religious School: Sundays, 9.30 to 12 a. m.; Tuesdays and Thursdays, 4.30 to 5.30 p. m. Pupils, 120. Annual income, about $7000, Auxiliary Society, Baron de Hirsch Ladies' Benevolent Society. *[CONGREGATION] AGUDDATH HAKEHEIXOTH. President, Sender Jarmulowsky, 54 Canal. Rabbi, Jacob Joseph, 219 Henry. *AGUILAR FBEE LIBRARY SOCIETY, 197 E. Broadway, 113 E. 59th, 174 E. 110th and 616 5th. President, Samuel Greenbaum; Secretary, Samuel Tuska; Treasurer, Mark Ash; Librarian, Miss Pauline Leipziger, 197 E. Broad- way. Open Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday and Thurs- day, from 9 a.m. to 9 p.m.; Friday, from 9 a.m. to 5 DIEECTOEY OP LOCAL OEGANIZATIONS 191

New York {continued). p. m.; Saturday, from 6 to 9 p. m.; Sunday, from 9 a. m. to 6 p. m. Librarian, Miss Ellen M. O'Meara, 113 E. 59th. Open daily (except Sundays) from 9 a. m. to 9 p.m.; on Sunday from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. Librarian, Miss Mary C. O'Meara, 176 E. 110th. Open daily (except Sundays) from 9 a. m. to 9 p.m.; on Sunday from 9 a. m. to 6 p. m. Librarian, Miss Sophie Leipziger, 616 5th. Open Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Fri- day, from 3 to 6 p. m.; on Saturday from 12 m. to 9 p. m.; on Sunday from 9 a. m. to 12 m. •I. O. AHAWAS ISRAEL, 272 E. Houston. G. M., Anton Mos- kowitz; G. S., Leopold Herman; G. T., Daniel Sommer. * [CONGREGATION] AHAWATH B'NACH. [CONGREGATION] AHAWATH CHESED SHAAR HASHOMAYIM, corner 55th Street and Lexington Avenue. Founded 1846. Eabbi, Dr. David Davidson.1 Officers: President, Marcus Kohner; Vice-President, David Greenfield; Treasurer, Benj. Schwartz; Clerk, D. W. Kichman, 7 Washington Place. Board of Trustees: Marcus Kohner, David Green- field, Benj. Schwartz, Nathan Kann, H. Harris, Jacob Weil, Jacob Paschucz, Simon Herzig. Board meeting first Wednesday of the month. Members, 207; seatholders, 170. Services: Friday, 6 p.m.; Saturday, 9.30 a. m. Eeligious School, Sundays, 9 a. m. Pupils, 275. Annual income, $20,000. Auxiliary Societies: Ahawath Chesed Sisterhood (see under Federation of Sister- hoods), Young People's League, Society of Eeligious Women, Junior Sisterhood. AMELIA BELIEF SOCIETY. See under FEDERATION OF SISTER- HOODS. *AMERICAN CONGREGATION, THE PRIDE OF JERUSALEM. Presi- dent, J. D. Eisenstein, 207 E. Broadway; Vice-President, J. Oshinsky; Secretary, Aaron Ehrensal. •I. O. AMERICAN ISRAELITES, 253 E. Houston. G. M., Louis Borovsky; G. S., Jacob Lefkowitz; G. T., Henry M. Greenberg. * [CONGREGATION] ANSCHE AMES, 44 E. Broadway. President, I. Abramowich, 220 Clinton. * [CONGREGATION] ANSHE BICKUR CHOLIM. Meets first Sunday of the month. [CONGREGATION] ANSCHE CHESED, 162 E. 112th Street. Founded 1876. Eabbi, Dr. J. Mandel, 61 E. 108th Street; 1 Resigned. 192 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAE BOOK New York (continued). Chazan, Schwanenfeld; Sexton, Philip Schlesinger; President, Abraham Kahn; "Vice-President, B. N. Jacob- son; Treasurer, Louis Scholem; Secretary, D. Levinson; Trustees, Alexander Levy, H. Kroll. Board meeting every two weeks. Members, 80. Services twice daily; Friday evening, Saturday morning and afternoon. Re- ligious School, Sunday, 9 to 12 a. m. Pupils, 120. Annual income, about $4500. Auxiliary Society: Ladies' Society of Temple Ansche Chesed. President, Mrs. Haase; Vice-President, Mrs. Dorn. *[CHEVRA KEDUSCHA] ANSCHE SEKUNIM. President, J. Stein- thal; Secretary, Charles Bromberg, 333 E. 69th; Treas- urer, Simon Bobbe. [CONGREGATION] ANSCHE CZBNSTOCHOWER, 8-10 Clinton Street. Founded 3889. Chazan, Carlsberg; President, Simon Gluck; Vice-President, M. Randsman; Treasurer, Dr. George E. Miller; Secretary, Solomon Lachman, 115 Avenue A; Sexton, Wolf Kufeldt. Trustees: Leon Schimkowitz, Leopold Handelsman, Aaron Kampinsky, Jonas Rosenfeld, Isaac Cohen, Solomon Schleikowitz, Isaac Schimkowitz. Board meeting every Tuesday. Congregation meets first and third Saturday of the month. Members, 170. Services three times daily. Re- ligious School daily. Annual income, $4000. Auxiliary Society, Chebra Kadisha. * [CONGREGATION] ANSCHE SFABD, 99 Att'y- President, N. B. Fensterheim, 101 Att'y; Sexton, Solomon T. Newman. [CONGREGATION] ATEKES ZVIE, 357-9 E. 121 Street. Founded September, 1889. Rabbi, L. Lenkowitz. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, Jos. Abrahams; Vice- President, H. Infeld; Secretary, H. Newman; Treasurer, M. Weiss; Trustees: M. Ginsberg, H. Weissman, J. Pol- lak, J. Tobias. Board meeting every month. Members, 30. Services: Saturdays and holidays, 9 a. m. Religious School, from 10 to 12 a. m. Pupils, 50. Annual income, $3000. [CONGREGATION] ATEBETH ISRAEL, 323 E. 82d. Founded 1881. Rabbi, Dr. M. Krauskopf, 236 E. 79th; Chazan, S. Klein- feld; President, A. Wolf; Vice-President, Joseph Lich- tenfeld; Treasurer, Morris Zucker; Secretary, George S. Schlesinger, 347 E. 72d; Sexton, Colman Niedenthal. Trustees: Messrs. Daub, Silverman, Schlesinger. Board meeting first Monday in month. Members, 55. Ser- vices daily, morning and evening. Religious School: DIKECTOKY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 19 3 New York (continued). Sunday, 9 to 12 a. m.; Tuesday and Thursday, 3.30 to 5.30 p. m. Pupils, 125. Annual income, $2500. Auxil- iary Society: Ladies' Benevolent Society. Members, 100. President, Mrs. Julia Schlesinger; Secretary, Mrs. J. Hirsch, 437 E. 87th. Rabbi lectures alternately in Ger- man and English. AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN FREE BXJEIAL ASSOCIATION, 174-176 Nor- folk Street. Founded April, 15, 1889. Officers: Presi- dent, Morris Shlesinger; Vice-Presidents, Sal. Ungar, M. Klein; Financial Secretary, Morris Neuwirth; Record- ing Secretary, Herm. Krauss. Annual income, about $300. Organization meets first Sunday of the month. BARON DE HIBSCH TRADE SCHOOL. See BARON DE HIRSCH FUND, p. 43. *BENAI BERITH CLUB, 141 E. 60th Street. [TEMPLE] BETH EL, 76th Street and Fifth Avenue. Founded 1874. Rabbis, Dr. K. Kohler and S. Schulman. Officers: President, Louis Gans; Vice-President, M. Berliner; Treasurer, Lyman G. Bloomingdale; Honorary Secre- tary, Louis Wollstein, 25 John Street; Secretary, J. L. Cohn. Board of Trustees: David Mayer, M. Freeman, Henry S. Herrman, Isaac Hamburger, J. C. Fleisch. Board meeting monthly. Members, 202; renters, 230. Services: Saturdays, 10 a.m.; Sundays, 10.45 a.m.; Fri- days, 6 p.m. Religious School: Saturday, 9 to 10 a.m.; Sunday, 9 to 12 a. m. Pupils, 270, in charge of seven teachers and one principal. Annual income, $33,000. Auxiliary Societies: Beth El Sisterhood School, 236 E. 60th Street, 80 children (see also Federation of Sister- hoods); and Down Town School, 75 Allen Street, 50 children, in charge of three volunteer teachers. [CONGREGATION] BETH HAMEDRASH HAGADOL, 62 Norfolk Street. Founded about 1884. Rabbi, Jacob Joseph; Chazan, M. Wolov. Officers: President, A. S. Ratkowsky; Vice-President, Max Cohen; Treasurer, Chas. Moloviste; Secretary, Win. Blumberg; Sexton, Wolf Levy. Trus- tees: M. Finkelstein, B. Garfinkle, A. Cohen, M. Al- schuhl, A. Levy, J. Herzberg, A. Levine, B. Rosenzweig. Board meets twice monthly. General meeting quarterly. Annual income, $5000. Distributes $15 weekly among the poor, and about $800 for Matzoth during Passover week. Contribution of members to charitable and educational organizations about $2000 annually. 13 194 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

New York (continued). * [CONGREGATION] BETH HAMIDRASH SHAAEEI TOEAH, 24 Chrystie Street. Sexton, Simon Aronson. * [CONGREGATION] BETH ISRAEL, 352 W. 35th. President, H. Horowitz. [CONGREGATION] BETH ISRAEL BIKUB CHOLIM, 72d Street and Lexington Avenue. Founded 1847. Rabbi, Dr. Falk Vidaver, 181 E. 71st Street; Chazan, Solomon Baum. Officers: President, Jacob Simon, 68 E. 93d Street; Vice- President, Emanuel Pisko; Treasurer, Henry Morse; Secretary, Max Gross; Sexton, Isaac Joseph. Trustees: Louis Sachs, Henry Haims, Abraham Cassel, Jacob Katz, Hirshman Morrison. Board meeting last Thurs- day of the month. Members, 95. Services twice daily. Religious School: Sunday, 9 to 12 a.m.; Tuesday and Thursday, 4 to 6 p. m. Pupils, 125. Annual income, $10,000. Sermons in German once monthly. Auxiliary Society, Beth Israel Sisterhood (see Federation of Sis- terhoods). * [CONGREGATION] BETH ISRAEL, EMANUEL. Rabbi, M. Tintner. BETH ISRAEL HOSPITAL, 206 E. Broadway. Founded Decem- ber 1, 1889. Officers: President, Harris Cohen; First Vice-President, Louis L. Richman; Second Vice-Presi- dent, Israel Levy; Treasurer, B. D. Kaplan; Honorary Secretary, Dr. Archibald E. Isaacs. Board of Trustees: B. L. Price, N. Marcus, H. Fischel, A. Lewis, K. Mandell, H. Pasinsky, Jacob Pelz, N. Roggen, I. N. Vessel, Dr. A. Brothers, Chas. I. Fleck, Dr. J. Halpern, N. Hutkoff, Dr. L. G. Ladinski, A. Nelson, A. Prinse, B. Levy, Max Levy, J. H. Cohen, I. Saperstein, F. Levin, M. Schidlovsky, R. Hurwitz, J. Lissner, A. C. Cohen. Members, 933. An- nual income, about $15,000. Board meeting first Tues- day after the first Monday in month. Organization meets semi-annually, in June and December. Objects: The maintenance of a hospital and dispensary in the Down Town East-Side district of New York City for the purpose of affording medical and surgical relief to the sick poor of the Jewish faith residing in said district, but not excluding other sects from its benefits. Young Men's Auxiliary: President, Henry Sobel; Vice- President, Dr. A. L. Wolbarst; Recording Secretary, Jacob Rabinowitz; Financial Secretary, Harry Schlang; Treasurer, David Levine. Board of Trustees: I. Perl- stein, I. Levy, M. Myers, J. Siegel. See also Ladies' Auxiliary Society. DIBECTOEY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 195

New York (continued). *[CONGBEGATION] BETH TEFFILA., 176 E. 106th Street. Founded 1889. Eabbi, Samuel E. Distillator, 1699 Lexington Avenue. Members, 25. Services: Friday evening, Satur- day morning and holidays. [CONGREGATION] B'NAI ISBAEL, 229 E. 79th Street. Founded June, 1847. Eabbi, Isaac C. Noot. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, Jacob Kan; Vice-President, M. Rosenthal; Treasurer, Leon Cohen; Dr. D. Brekes, M. Esberg, W. Wolf, A. Jacobson, S. Lipman and M. Loew- enstein. Board meeting first Monday of the month. Members, 52. Services three times daily; festivals, 8 a. m., 6 p. m., 7 p. m. Annual income, about $4000. Founded by Hollanders and adheres to the Netherland Synagogue ritual. [CHEBBA KADISHA] B'NAI ISBATOT. KAXVONIA, 13-15 Pike Street. Founded 1858. Eabbi, Abraham Hershowitz, 160 Madison Street; Chazan, Israel Cooper. Officers: President, Abram I. Myerson; Vice-President, Louis Mendelsohn; Treasurer, Jacob Safran; Secretary, Wm. E. Caiman, 179 Madison Street; Sexton, Bennet Alter- man. Trustees: E. Eosenstein, Joseph Harrison, Samuel Levy, Henry I. Jacobs. Board meeting on alternate Sundays. Members, 150. Services three times daily. Annual income, about $10,000. Auxiliary Society, Che- bra Kadisha. *[CONGBEGATION] B'NAI JACOB. [CONGBEGATION] B'NAI JESHURUN (MADISON AVENUE1 SYNA- GOGUE), 65th Street and Madison Avenue. Founded De- cember, 1825. Eabbi, Stephen S. Wise; Eeader, Edward Kartschmaroff; Assistant Eeader and Sexton, W. E. De Leeuw. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, New- man Cowen; Vice-President, Hyman Sylvester; Treas- urer, Henry Koen; Secretary, S. M. Stroock; Marks Arnheim, Herman Levy, Ealph J. Jacobs, Louis S. Stroock, S. Bauman, L. N. Hirsch. Board meeting last Thursday of the month. Members, 100; seatholders, 250. Services: Friday at sunset; Sabbath, 9.30 a. m. Ee- ligious School: Sunday, 9.30 to 12 a.m. Hebrew School: Tuesdays and Thursdays from 4 to 5.15 p. m. Pupils, 200-250. Annual income, $20,000. Auxiliary Societies: Sisterhood of Personal Service, including Eeligious and Sewing Schools at Sisterhood House, 320 E. 65th Street (see under Federation of Sisterhoods); Post-Graduate Classes for the Study of Jewish History; Young People's Lecture Society. Founded by Germans and English- 196 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK New York (continued). born members of the Spanish-Portuguese Congregation Shearith Israel. Congregation is preparing to celebrate the 75th anniversary of its founding, December, 1900. •"[CONGREGATION] BNAI PEYSER, 316 E. 4th. President, Isaac Gellert, 313 3d; Sexton, Wolff Kufeld. [CONGREGATION] BNEE SCHOLOM, 630 Fifth Street. Founded December 17, 1885. Rabbi, Daniel Loewenthal; Assist- ant, Simon Strauss. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, Simon Katzenstein; Vice-President, David Hirsch; Treasurer, Aaron Weiner; Secretary, Leop. Ull- man; Trustees: S. Wiirzburger, J. Katz, M. Hamburger, S. Heyman. Board meeting monthly. Members, 42. Services: daily, morning and evening; Saturday, 9 a.m. Religious School: Saturday, 11 a.m.; Sunday, 9 to 12 a. m. Pupils, 88. Annual income, about $2400. Auxil- iary Society: Sisterhood of B. S., consists of 75 members. CAROLINE AID SOCIETY. See under FEDERATION OF SISTER- HOODS. CERES SEWING CIRCLE. See under FEDERATION OF SISTER- HOODS. [CONGREGATION] CHAARI ZEDEK, 38-40 Henry Street. Founded about 1837. Rabbi, Dr. L. Zinsler; Assistant, Isaac Her- lan. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, I. Platt, 113 Division; Vice-President, M. Goldberg, corner Henry and Catharine, and seven trustees; Secretary, L. Borowsky, 47 E. Broadway; Israel Spingarn, Brooklyn. Board meeting fourth Wednesday of the month. Mem- bers, 93. Services: daily, 6 a.m. and 6 p.m.; Saturdays, 8.30 a. m. Religious School, Sunday, 10 to 12 a. m. An- nual income, about $9000. Auxiliary Societies: Chaari Zedek Sisterhood (see under Federation of Sisterhoods), Chaari Zedek Young Folks' Hebrew Literature Society. CLARA BE HIRSCH HOME FOR WORKING GIRLS, E. 63d Street, between 2d and 3d Avenues. Founded May, 1897. Offi- cers: President, Mrs. Nathan Straus; Treasurer, Mr. Isidor Straus; Secretary, Mrs. Lionel Sutro, 56 W. 71st Street. Board of Trustees: Mrs. H. S. Frank, Phila- delphia, Pa.; Dr. Josephine Walter, Mrs. F. A. Cohen, Mrs. J. Hoffman, Mrs. G. G. Clendennin, Westchester, N. Y.; Mrs. H. S. Ollesheimer, Miss Irene Kohns, Mrs. Louis Stern, Mrs. A. Abrahams, Brooklyn, Mr. Edmond E. Wise. Annual income, about $15,000. Board meeting monthly. Objects: To benefit working-girls and train them for domestic service or such other work as they DIRECTOEY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 197

New York (continued). are fitted for. Also to take boarders at $3 per week for women earning $6 or less. Endowed by Baroness Clara de Hirsch de Gereuth; the legacy she left pays all the expenses. Accommodation for 100 women. COLUMBIA CLUB, 2056 5th Avenue. Founded June 10, 1890. Officers: President, Jos. Bacharach; Vice-President, Sam'l Weil; Secretary, E. C. Stone. Board of Trustees: Benno Lewinson, Michael Friedsam, David Goodman, Simon Sichel, Henry Heineman, E. M. Gattle and B. Lichtenstein. Members, 167. Annual income, $10,000. Board meeting first Tuesday every month. Organization meets first Tiiesday of May. Objects, social. *CRITEBION CLUB, 516 Fifth Avenue. * [CONGREGATION] DARECH AMUNO, 278 Bleecker. President, Michael Cohen, 338 Hudson; Rabbi, F. Light, 174 E. 108th; Sexton, Philip Berg. DEBORAH BENEVOLENT SEWING SOCIETY. See under FEDERA- TION or SISTERHOODS. *DOWN TOWN HEBREW LADIES' BENEVOLENT SOCIETY, 162 E. 55th. President, Julius Mendelson; Treasurer, Louis Simon; Secretary, H. E. Kantorowicz, 184 Clinton. THE EDUCATIONAL ALLIANCE, corner E. Broadway and Jef- ferson Street. Founded 1889. Officers: President, Isidor Straus; First Vice-President, Samuel Greenbaum; Sec- ond Vice-President, Albert F. Hoehstadter; Treasurer, Albert Friedlander; Secretary, Felix M. Warburg, 27-29 Pine Street. Board of Trustees: Isidor Straus, Samuel Greenbaum, Albert F. Hoehstadter, Albert Friedlander, Felix M. Warburg, Benjamin Altman, Morris W. Ben- jamin, Sidney Blumenthal, Leonard Lewisohn, Lee Kohns, Henry M. Leipziger, Marcus M. Marks, Louis Marshall, William C. Popper, Miss Julia Richman, Wil- liam Salomon, Edwin R. A. Seligman, Fred'k Spiegel- berg, Louis Stern, Benjamin Tuska, Henry Morgenthau, Samuel B. Hamburger, Daniel P. Hays, Ferdinand Kuhn, Eugene H. Paul. Board meeting second Monday of the month. Organization meets second Sunday in Novem- ber. Objects: The promotion of education, by the erection and maintenance of buildings, in the city of New York, containing library, reading and class-rooms, gymnasium, music and lecture halls; and the promotion of the well-being of men and women. It maintains at present departments for educational, moral, social, and physical work for men, women and children. Religious 198 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

KTew York (continued). classes. For the last three years it conducted annually a Free Art Exhibition, and during the summer a Roof Garden with concerts. During the winter frequent lectures and concerts are given in the auditorium of the building. Numerous classes, clubs and circles of an educational, industrial, moral and social nature are in existence. Physical culture is conducted in the gymnasium of the building, and in addition thereto, during the summer, on an athletic field and a camping ground in the country. A free circulating library and a free reading-room are maintained in the building. The building is visited daily by from 5000 to 6000 persons. See People's Synagogue. [TEMPLE] EMANTJ-EL, 5th Avenue and 43d Street. Founded April 13, 1845. Rabbis, G. Gottheil and Joseph Silver- man. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, James Seligman, and M. H. Moses, S. M. Schafer, Louis Stern, J. H. Hoffman, I. Eppinger, A. F. Hochstadter, H. Budge, E. Lehman. Board meeting first Monday of the month. Members, 675. Services: Friday, 5.30 p. m.; Saturday, 10 a.m.; Sunday, 11 a.m. Religious School: Saturday, 9 to 10.30 a. m.; Sunday, 9.30 to 12 a.m. Pupils, 225. Annual income, $50,000. Auxiliary Societies: Emanu-El Sisterhood for Personal Service (see under Federation of Sisterhoods), Post-Graduate Class, Jewish Alliance. * [CONGREGATION] EMUNO ISRAEL, 301 W. 29th. President, Simon Cohen, 310 W. 33d; Rabbi, Abraham Guranowsky, 238 W. 33d; Cantor, Salomon Sokolsky. FEDERATION OF SISTERHOODS. The various Sisterhoods and other Societies conducted by Jewish women, all co- operating with the United Hebrew Charities, have formed a Federation for the purpose of performing more effectively the charitable and philanthropic work for which they were organized. President, Mrs. Wil- liam Einstein, 121 E. 57th Street; Vice-President, Mrs. S. Weinhandler, 319 E. 17th Street; Secretary and Treasurer, Mrs. M. E. Shrier, 156 E. 80th Street. District I. UNITED SISTERS OF THE CONGREGATION CHAARI ZEDEK: New Bowery, Division and Market Streets, East River and Dover Street. Meets at 38 Henry Street, second Wednesdays at 2 p. m. President and Guide, Mrs. S. Goldstein, 343 W. 46th Street; Vice-President, Mrs. Aaron Levy, 38 W. 119th Street; Secretary, Mrs. Levison, 287 Madison Street. All investigations are made by a committee superintended by Mrs. S. Gold- stein, Guide. DIRECTORY OP LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 199

New York {continued). District II. RODEF SHOLEM SISTERHOOD OF PERSONAL SEB- VICB: Houston, Cannon and Grand Streets, and the East Eiver. Meets at Sixty-third Street and Lexington Ave- nue, Thursday afternoons. Industrial school and work rooms, 311 E. Third Street, open every day except Saturdays and Sundays. President, Mrs. S. Weinhaud- ler; Vice-President, Mrs. P. Sehimel; Treasurer, Mrs. J. Freund; Financial Secretary, Mrs. S. Ellinger; Record- ing- Secretary, Mrs. W. B. Ast, 228 E. 58th Street. District III. YOEKVILLE LADIES' HEBBBW AID SOCIETY: Bowery, Stanton, Allen and Rivington Streets. Meets in the Bloomingdale Annex, 2d and 4th Wednesdays, 2.30 p. m. President, Mrs. L. Berlin; Vice-President, Mrs. Ray Aaronson; Secretary, Mrs. Rachel Newman, 170 E. 60th Street; Treasurer, Mrs. L. Webster; Guide, Mrs. Vincent Horwitz, to be found daily at the Hebrew Institute, Jefferson Street and E. Broadway. District IV. CERES SEWING CIBOLE: The Bowery, East Houston Street to Norfolk Street, Norfolk Street to Rivington Street, and Rivington Street to Allen, Allen to Stanton and Stanton to the Bowery. Meets at 115 E. 86th Street, every Wednesday, at 2 p. m. President, Mrs. M. Phillips; Vice-President, Mrs. F. Wachtel; Treasurer, Mrs. M. Lewin; Secretary, Miss B. Kaufman, 120 W. 114th Street; Guide, Mrs. F. Wachtel. District V. BETH ISRAEL SISTEEHOOD OF PERSONAL SER- VICE: Broome, Forsyth and Hester Streets and the Bowery. Meets at 72d Street and Lexington Avenue Vestry Rooms, Wednesdays, at 3 p. m. President, Mrs. E. Drucker; Vice-President, Mrs. L. Mendelson; Treas- urer, Mrs. F. Solomon; Secretary, Miss M. Vidaver, 181 E. 71st Street; Guide, Mrs. I. Goldberg. District VI. AHAWATH CHESED SHAAB HASHOMAYIM SISTER- HOOD OF PERSONAL SERVICE: Beginning immediately north of Houston Street, to and including both sides of 4th Street, and from the Bowery to the East River. Headquarters, 82 E. 2d Street. Meets Thursday mornings. President, Mrs. B. Leerburger; Vice-President, Mrs. W. R. Herschman; Treasurer, Mrs. S. Baum; Finan- cial Secretary, Miss F. A. Stein; Recording Secretary, Miss E. Leerburger, 215 E. 68th Street; Corresponding Secretary, Miss M. Schwartz; Guide, Mrs. H. S. Eisler; Assistant Guide, Mrs. H. Lederer; Kindergarten Guide, Mrs. Wm. Maas; Assistant Kindergarten Guide, Mrs. S. 200 AMEKICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

New York (continued). Baerlein. Members, 330. Founded 1891. Organization meets second Monday of the month. District VII. CAROLINE AID SOCIETY (FORMERLY SHAARAI HASHOMAYIM SISTERHOOD OF PERSONAL SERVICE): Be- ginning immediately north of 4th Street, to and including both sides of 9th Street, from the Bowery to the East Eiver. Meets at Cafe Logeling, E. 57th Street, every Thursday afternoon at 2 o'clock. President, Mrs. H. Goldstein; Vice-President, Mrs. I. Straus; Treasurer, Mrs. C. Jackson; Financial Secretary, Miss Eay Wal- lach; Recording Secretary, Mrs. I. Goldsmith, 791 Lex- ington Avenue; Guide, Mrs. Wm. W. Traub. District VIII. SHEARITH ISRAEL SISTERHOOD or PERSONAL SERVICE: Beginning at 10th Street, to and including both sides of 23d Street, from 4th Avenue to the East River. Headquarters, W. 70th Street Synagogue. Meets third Monday in each month, 99 Central Park West. President, Mrs. L. N. Levy; 1st Vice-President, Miss Sarah Lyons; 2d Vice-President, Mrs. Isaac Bran- don; Recording Secretary, Miss Solis, 61 W. 85th Street; Corresponding Secretary, Mrs. N. T. Phillips, 58 W. 68th Street; Guide, Mrs. I. Brandon. District IX. BETH-EL SISTERHOOD OF PERSONAL SERVICE: Beginning immediately north of 23d Street, to and including both sides of 65th Street, from 5th Avenue to the East River. Headquarters, 240 E. 60th Street, always open. President, Mrs. Leopold Stern; Vice- President, Mrs. Helen B. Wise; Treasurer, Mrs. Simon Hess; Recording Secretary, Mrs. William Strauss, 20 E. 74th Street; Corresponding Secretary, Miss E. Hol- zinger, 126 E. 80th Street; Guides, Mrs. J. Fuld, Mrs. E. Mamelsdorf; House Committee, Mrs. Hirsch, Miss Baker. Founded 1890. Members, 484. Annual income, $2748. Board meeting first Wednesday of the month. Organ- ization meets fourth Thursday in April. District X. B'NAI JESHURUN SISTERHOOD OF PERSONAL SERVICE: Beginning immediately north of 65th Street, to but not including 76th, from 5th Avenue to the East River. Headquarters, 320 E. 65th Street. Meets Mon- day afternoons at 1.30 p. m. President, Mrs. M. E. Shrier; 1st Vice-President, Mrs. A. Rich; 2d Vice-Presi- dent, Miss Eva Meyer; Treasurer, Mrs. Herman Levy; Corresponding Secretary, Miss Tillie M. Endel, 333 W. 55th Street; Recording Secretary, Miss Frances Lilien- DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 201

New York (continued). thai, 339 W. 55th Street; Guide, Mrs. M. S. Meyer; Cus- todian, Mrs. R. M. De Leeuw. District XI. EMANU-EL SISTERHOOD OF PERSONAL SERVICE: Beginning at and including 76th Street, to and including both sides of 95th Street, from 5th Avenue to the East River. Home, 223 E. 79th Street, open all year. Employment district extends to 105th Street. Honorary President, Rev. Dr. Gottheil; President, Mrs. William Einstein; 1st Vice-President, Mrs. Simon Borg; 2d Vice- President, Mrs. Jacob H. Schiff; Treasurer, Mrs. M. H. Moses; Recording Secretary, Miss Carrie Wise, 114 W. 73d Street; Corresponding Secretary, Miss Olivia Leven- tritt; Guide, Relief Section I, Miss Dollie Stiner, New Brighton; Vice-Guide, Relief Section I, Mrs. Monroe Eckstein; Guide, Religious Schools II, Mrs. Lewis May; Guide, Industrial Schools III, Miss Bella Kay ton; Guide, Working Club IV, 168 E. 70th Street; Guide, Day Nursery V, Mrs. S. H. Levy; Guide, Employment Bureau VI, Mrs. E. E. Dreyfous; Vice-Guide, Employment Bureau VI, Mrs. Philip Goldsmith; Guide, Cooking Classes, Sec- tion VII, Mrs. David Leventritt; Vice-Guide, Cooking Classes, Section VII, Mrs. Richard Limburger; Guide, Sisters Sewing Circle, Section VIII, Mrs. Sam Lavan- burg; Matron, Mrs. Hulda Friedman; Superintendent, Mr. George David. Founded 1889. Members, 216. An- nual income, $20,505.44. Board meeting third Thurs- day of the month. Organization meets first Monday. District XII. LADIES' BENEVOLENT SOCIETY, GATES OF HOPE: Beginning immediately north of 95th Street, to and including both sides of 101st Street, from 5th Avenue to the East River. Headquarters, 115 E. 86th Street. Meets Thursday afternoons. President, Mrs. N. Graf; 1st Vice-President, Mrs. J. Falk; 2d Vice-President, Mrs. P. Simon; Treasurer, Mrs. H. Bial; Financial Sec- retary, Mrs. I. Hayman; Recording Secretary, Miss P. Volmer, 84 W. 117th Street; Custodian, Mrs. Basinsky. Trustees: Miss Nagelsmith, Mrs. Lascoff, Mrs. Lewis, Mrs. Koppel, Mrs. Kaiser, Mrs. Wertheimer, Mrs. Faber, Mrs. Lauchheimer. District XIII. AMELIA RELIEF SOCIETY: Beginning immediately north of 101st Street, to and including both sides of 105th Street, from 5th Avenue to the East River. Meets the first and third Tuesday of every month at the West End Cafe, W. 125th Street. Relief 202 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

New York (continued). rooms and distribution of clothing at Unity Hall, 2009 3d Avenue. The Amelia Belief Society is open from September until June. President, Mrs. Rose Elkeles; Vice-President, Mrs. Theresa Krieger; Treasurer, Mrs. S. Pursch; Recording Secretary, Mrs. Bessie Loucheim, 229 W. 120th Street; Financial Secretary, Miss Jeannette Asch; Guide, Mrs. Elias Meyers; Assistant Guide, Mrs. K. Solomon; Assistant Guide, Mrs. Clara Falkenberg. District XIV. DEBOBAH BENEVOLENT SEWING SOCIETY: Be- ginning immediately north of 105th Street, to and including both sides of 108th Street, from 5th Avenue to the East River. Headquarters, Maennerchor Hall, 205 E. 56th Street. Meets Tuesdays at 2 a. m. President, Mrs. M. S. Wise; Vice-President, Mrs. A. Loeb; Treas- urer, Mrs. M. Kantrowitz; Secretary, Mrs. C. Glauber, 307 E. 58th Street; Financial Secretary, Mrs. B. Gersoni; Custodian, Mrs. Cl. Ober; Assistant Custodian, Mrs. F. Lederer; Cutter, Mrs. H. Rapp; Assistant Cutter, Mrs. S. Kahn. District XV. TEMPLE ISRAEL SISTERHOOD OF HARLEM: Be- ginning immediately north of 108th Street to the Bridge, from 5th Avenue to the East River on the East side, and 110th Street to the Harlem River on the West side. Meets first Monday at Temple Israel. Head- qiiarters, 303 E. 109th Street. Open Monday afternoons, excepting first Mondays. President, Mrs. A. Ottenberg; Vice-President, Mrs. D. Goodman; Treasurer, Mrs. S. Hahn; Recording Secretary, Mrs. M. H. Harris, 10 E. 129th Street; Corresponding- Secretary, Mrs. M. Mayers; Guide, Mrs. I. Metzger. Founded 1891. District XVI. SHAARAY TEFILA SISTERHOOD OP PERSONAL SERVICE: All that portion of New York between 23d and 110th Streets, west of 5th Avenue. Headquarters, West End Synagogue, W. 82d Street. Meets first Mondays. President, Mrs. Sol. B. Solomon; Vice-President, Mrs. Max Kaempfer; Treasurer, Mrs. Ray Goodman; Secre- tary, Mrs. Max Levenson, 797 West End Avenue; Guide Sec. I, Relief, Mrs. M. Levenson; Guide Sec. II, Sewing, Mrs. F. de Sola Mendes; Guide Sec. Ill, Mission School, Miss Julia Weil. Executive Board: Mrs. J. Wallach, Mrs. R. Cohen, Mrs. F. Moeller, Mrs. J. Levy, Mrs. L. Haber, Mrs. C. Lewis, Mrs. C. Sidenberg, Dr. Mendes, ex offlcio and Guide of Sections. *FIDBLIO CLUB, 110 E. 59th Street. DIEECTOBY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 203 New York (continued). FIBST GALICTAN CONGREGATION, DUKLER MAGEN ABRAHAM, 87-89 Attorney. Founded 1890. Babbi, Naphtali Eeiter, 65 Pitt Street; Cantor, Alter Bauman; President, Moses Baron; Vice-President, Abraham Geiger; Treasurer, Jacob Lowner; Financial Secretary, Hyman Gewiirtz, 89 Pitt Street; Eecording Secretary, Moses Fishman, 119 Ludlow; Sexton, Joseph Phillip. Trustees: Julius Miller, Fishel Weintraub. Board meeting every other Satur- day evening. Services three times daily. Annual income, about $7500. Auxiliary Society, Chebra Kadisha. FIBST HUNGARIAN CONGBEGATION BRITH SHOLEM, 54-56 Pitt Street. Founded 1884. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, A. Neihauser, 108 Lewis Street; Vice-Presi- dent, A. Gottlieb; Treasurer, F. Griinwald; Sexton, Is. Freiberger. Board meeting second and fourth Satur- day of the month. Members, 85. Services, twice daily. Annual income, $6000-$7000. *FIEST EOUMANIAN AMEBICAN CONGBEGATION, 70 Hester. President, Samuel Shor, 133 Eldridge; Eabbi, Abram Zolish, 100 Forsyth. *FREUNDSCHAFT CLUB, Park Avenue and 72d Street. * [CONGREGATION] GATES OP HOPE. (See under FEDERATION OF SISTERHOODS.) * [CONGBEGATION] HAND IN HAND, 145th Street near Willis Avenue. Eabbi, A. Blum. HEBREW BENEVOLENT AND ORPHAN ASYLUM SOCIETY, Amster- dam Avenue, 136th to 138th Streets. Founded April 8, 1822. Officers: President, Emanuel Lehman; Vice-Presi- dent, Henry Eice; Treasurer, Abraham Wolff; Honorary Secretary, Willi J. Spiegelberg. Board of Trustees: Honorary Trustee, Myer Stern; Morris Tuska, Henry Newman, Henry Neustadter, Henry S. Allen, Simon Schafer, Edward Lauterbach, James H. Hoffman, N. Necarsulmer, Louis Stern, Siegmund J. Bach, Solomon Moses, A. E. Goodhart, Sigmund Eosenwald, Theo. Selig- man, Theodore Obermeyer, Marx Ottinger, Ansel Wein- berg, Judge Jos. E. Newburger, S. Ullman, Marks Arn- heim, Willi J. Spiegelberg. Superintendent, David Adler. Members, about 3000. Annual income, about $130,000. Board meeting third Sunday of the month. Organiza- tion meets last Sunday in April. Objects: Care and protection of destitute orphans and half-orphans, and relief of out-door poor through the United Hebrew Charities. See Ladies' Sewing Society. 204 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

New York (continued). HEBREW BENEVOLENT FUEL ASSOCIATION. Founded 1850. Officers: President, Isaac S. Isaacs; Treasurer, Samuel Weil; Secretary, Nathan Werner. Members, 300. An- nual income, $1200. Board meeting monthly. Organiza- tion meets annually in May. Object: Distribution of coal to deserving Jews through the United Hebrew Charities, of which it is a constituent society. *HEBREW CHARITIES' BUILDING, corner' 2d Avenue and 22d Street. President, Professor Morris Loeb. Gift of Solomon Loeb to the Jews of New York on his seventieth birthday. Designed to be the centre of New York Jewish communal and charitable work. Home of the United Hebrew Charities. HEBREW GEMILATH CHASSODIM (FREB LOAN) ASSOCIATION, 215 E. Broadway. Founded February 10, 1893. Officers: President, Dr. L. Zinsler, 35 Montgomery Street; First Vice-President, Wm. Meltzner; Second Vice-President, Dr. B. Gordon; Honorary Vice-President, Rev. Dr. B. Drach- man; Treasurer, Ph. H. Samilson; Chairman of Execu- tive Committee, Jos. Spector; Honorary Secretary, Chas. Fleck, 168 Henry Street; Financial Secretary, A. Katz, 244 E. Broadway. Board of Trustees comprises 30 members. Number of members, 1000. Annual income, $4500. Board meeting second and fourth Tuesday of the month. Organization meets the first Tuesday of January. Object: To loan sums from $5 to $50 without interest, on notes with good endorsers; money to be paid back in weekly instalments. The capital of $30,000 has been accumulated from contributions and donations. HEBREW INFANT ASYLUM OF THE CITT OF NEW YORK, Eagle Avenue and 161st Street. Founded October 25, 1892. Officers: President, Mrs. S. Wallenstein; Vice-President, Maurice Untermyer; Treasurer, Robert H. Gerstle; Sec- retary, Emil Gaspari; Superintendent, Mrs. M. L. New- man. Board of Directors: Berthold Frankel, R. H. Gers- tle, Charles Dittman, Sol. S. Japha, Maurice Untermyer, Adolph M. Steinhardt, Jack Wertheimer, B. L. Rieser, Jacob Fleischhauer, Sol. Wallenstein, Kaufman Mandell, S. F. Bleyer, Hon. Henry M. Goldfogle, Rev. Dr. Joseph Silverman. Annual income, about $10,000. Board meeting second Sunday of the month. Organization meets last Sunday in January. Object: Sheltering infants of destitute parents from birth to their fifth year. DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS

New York (continued). HEBREW MUTUAL BENEFIT SOCIETY, 160 W. 82d Street. Founded 1826. Officers: President, J. Kantrowitz; Vice- President, M. A. Herts; Treasurer, Isaac K. Conn; Sec- retary, B. Bildersee, 212 W. 69th Street. Board of Trustees: Dr. S. H. Dessau, M. S. Cohen, S. Canter, M. Eosenthal, S. Lazarus, Fritz Morris, L. J. Isaacs, Jacob Kan. Members, 290. Annual income, about $5000. Board meeting second Tuesday of the month. Organ- ization meets first Sunday in December. Object, mutual benefit. HEBREW RELIEF SOCIETY OF NEW YORK CITY, 70th Street and Central Park W. Founded 1829. Officers: President, Henry S. Allen; Vice-President, L. Napoleon Levy; Secre- tary, L. Mankiewicz, 831 Park Avenue; Treasurer, Chas. I. Henry. Board of Trustees: Hon. Jos. Blumenthal, Hon. Chas. I. Steinberg, Dr. H. Gomez, David de Meza, D. J. Benoliel. Members, 73. Annual income, $1198.36. Board meeting second Sunday of the month. Organiza- tion meets second Sunday in December. Objects: Gives charity through the United Hebrew Charities and takes care of the pensioners of the Congregation Shearith Israel, with which it is connected. HEBREW SHELTERING GUARDIAN SOCIETY, ORPHAN ASYLUM, Grand Boulevard, between 150th and 151st Streets. Founded October, 1879. Officers: President, Samuel D. Levy; Vice-President, Mrs. Dr. S. Teller; Treasurer, Mrs. A. Barnett; Honorary Secretary, Mrs. M. Goodhart; Secretary, W. Meyer. Board of Managers: Mrs. J. Rosenfeld, Mrs. C. Jacobs, Mrs. M. Goodhart, Mrs. I. Hart, Mrs. J. Lippman, Mrs. M. Rosett, Mrs. L. Hess, Mrs. A. Abrams, Mrs. A. Falck, Mrs. Simon B. Cohen, Mrs. L. Wollstein. Members, about 400. Annual income: $104 per child from the city per year; donations from members, $10 each; from patrons, $25 each. Board meeting every Sunday. Object: Care of orphan and destitute children committed by the Commissioners of Public Charities. HEBREW SHELTERING HOUSE AND HOME FOE AGED, 210 Madi- son Street. Founded October, 1890. Officers: President, Nathan Hutkoff; Honorary Secretary, L. Marcus, 147 Clinton Street; Manager, S. Shapiro; Treasurer, S. Elisberg. Board of Trustees: N. Hutkoff, K. H. Sara- sohn, Nathan Roggen. Members, 500. Annual income, $2000. Board meeting once a month. Organization meets every Saturday night. Object: To keep immi- 206 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

New York {continued). grants from 4 to 14 days free of charge. A Home for Aged Israelites of both sexes was established in the same location, February 21, 1899. HEBREW TECHNICAL INSTITUTE, 36 Stuyvesant Street. Founded 1883. Officers: President, James H. Hoffman; First Vice-President, Joseph B. Bloomingdale; Second Vice-President, Morris Loeb; Honorary Vice-Presidents, David L. Einstein, Mrs. Esther Herrman; Treasurer, Samuel Hirsh; Secretary, Joseph Wetzler. Board of Directors: Julius Bien, Miss Miriam Fisher, Samuel Hirsh, Abraham Steinam, Charles Strauss, Simon Borg, Morris Loeb, Harry H. Meyer, Julius Sands, Isaac Stiebel, Joseph Wetzler, Joseph B. Bloomingdale, Joseph L. Buttenwieser, Solomon H. Kohn, Henry M. Leipziger, Mrs. Addie Walter Seligman, Fred. M. Stein, James H. Hoffman, Theodore Seligman, Edward Lauterbach; Prin- cipal, Edgar S. Barney. Number of Members, 1341. An- nual income, about $16,000. Board meeting second Tues- day of the month. Organization meets second Sunday of January. Object: The education of Jewish boys of limited means in such studies as will best fit them for success in mechanical trades. HEBREW TECHNICAL SCHOOL FOR GIRLS, 367 Henry Street. Founded December 3, 1880, as a Sabbath School; March 1, 1887, as a Technical School. Officers: President, Mrs. Minnie D. Louis; Vice-Presidents, Misses Henrietta Solo- mon, Belle Dittenhofer; Recording Secretary, Mrs. Moses Heineman; Corresponding Secretary, Mrs. J. N. Bloom; Treasurer, Miss Emma Leopold; Membership Secretary, Mrs. Anna Davis; Purveyor, Miss Jessie Rosenfeld. Board of Trustees: 25 ladies; an Advisory Board of 12 gentlemen. Trustees: Mrs. Sylvan Bier, Mrs. J. N. Bloom, Mrs. J. G. Cohen, Mrs. J. F. Cullman, Mrs. D. Dalsheimer, Mrs. Anna Davis, Mrs. T. R. Denzer, Miss Belle Dittenhofer, Mrs. Moses Heineman, Mrs. David Hyman, Mrs. Annette Lehman, Miss Emma Leopold, Mrs. F. L. Loeb, Mrs. Minnie D. Louis, Mrs. Louis Mar- shall, Mrs. Henry Morgenthau, Mrs. Max Mayer, Mrs. Nathl. Myers, Mrs. A. S. Ochs, Miss Jessie Rosenfeld, Miss Henrietta Solomon, Mrs. Leon Tanenbaum, Mrs. Leopold Weil, Mrs. Oscar R. Wolff. Advisory Board: Sylvan Bier, D. Dalsheimer, (Chairman) L. Dreyfuss, J. M. Leopold, F. L. Loeb, I. Harby Moses, H. Morgen- thau, Nathl. Myers, Wm. I. Rosenfeld, I. N. Spiegelberg, DIEECTOEY OF LOCAL OEGANIZATIONS 207 New York (conti/rmed). Leon Tanenbaum. Members, almost 500. Annual income, about $3500. Board meeting first Thursday in the month, except July and August. Organization meets third Sunday in January. Object: To improve the condition and character of necessitous female children of the city of New York through the following means: Instruction in trades, to properly qualify them for self- support; religious instruction, to qualify them as worthy citizens and Jews. The pupils are trained in the Ee- ligious School in all the grades, ending with confirmation; in the Technical School in stenography, typewriting and book-keeping, hand and machine sewing, art needle-work, dress-making, millinery, drawing and cooking. Literature and sewing are compulsory in both courses. Sessions daily, 9 a. m. to 3 p. m. *HEBREW UNION VETERANS' ASSOCIATION. THE HOME FOB AGED AND INFIRM HEBREWS, 121 W. 105th Street. Founded May 24, 1870. Officers: President, Simon Borg; First Vice-President, Mrs. J. Z. Coblens; Second Vice-President, Charles Minzesheimer; Treas- urer, Charles Sternbach. Board of Trustees: Mrs. H. Gitterman, Mrs. Jacob Eothschild, Mrs. L. Zeckendorf, Mrs. C. L. Friedman, Mrs. F. Eothschild, Mrs. L. Lew- isohn, Mrs. Eandolph Guggenheimer, Mrs. Lionel Sutro, Frederick Nathan, G. A. Goldsmith, I. Bierman, I. Al- bert Englehardt, I. Boskowitz, A. Cohn, Morris Stern- bach, I. N. Spiegelberg, A. Gutman, Julius Ballin, Wm. Hyams, Chas. G. Stachelberg. Members, 2600. Annual income, about $26,000. Board meeting first Sunday of the month. Organization meets usually the second Sun- day in May. Objects: To maintain a Home for aged and infirm persons of both sexes of the Jewish faith; and also for the purpose of relieving all deserving Jewish applicants who may be considered by its officers worthy of the Society's bounty. [TEMPLE] ISRAEL OF HARLEM, N. W. corner of 125th Street and 5th Avenue. Founded October 30, 1870, under name of Congregation " Hand in Hand." Eabbi, Dr. M. H. Harris; Chazan, H. Newmark. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, Dan'l P. Hays, 9 W. 121st Street; Vice-President, Abrm. Levy; Treasurer, A. Ottenberg; Secretary, I. Heineman. Trustees: Wm. Strauss, Cyrus L. Sulzberger, Sam'l Weil, Sam'l Josephs, A. L. Ans- pacher, Lewis Coon. Board meeting first Monday of the month, except July and August. Members and 208 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

New York {continued). seatholders, 410. Services: Friday, 8 p. m., in May, June, July, August and September, at 6 p. m.; Satur- days, 10 a.m.; holidays, 9.30 a.m. Religious School: September to June, Sunday, 9 to 12 a. m. Pupils, 400 at 125th St. and 5th Avenue and 125 in East-Side School. Annual income, $18,000. Auxiliary Societies: Temple Israel Sisterhood (see under Federation of Sisterhoods), Jewish Culture Society. Name changed to Temple Israel of Harlem, April 14, 1887. *[KEHILATH] JESHURUN, 127 E. 82d. President, Jacob Hecht; Rabbi, Meyer J. Peikes, 156 E. 94th; Cantor, S. Jacobson; Sexton, A. S. Marks. *JEWISH RELIGIOUS SCHOOL, UNION. THE JUD^ANS. Founded June, 1897. Officers: President, Henry M. Leipziger; First Vice-President, Richard Gott- heil; Second Vice-President, I. S. Isaacs; Secretary, Philip Cowen; Treasurer, Albert Ullman. Board of Governors: Sam'l Greenbaum, Daniel P. Hays, Cyrus L. Sulzberger, Samson Lachman. Members, 70. Object: . To aid in the spiritual and intellectual advancement of Jews. .The Judaeans is a society somewhat similar in aims and purposes to the Maccabeans of London. No stated meetings. It has had as its guests Canon Cheyne of Oxford and the Faculty of the Union Theological Seminary of New York, Mr. Israel Zangwill, and Dr. Cyrus Adler, President of the Jewish Historical Society of America. *[CONGREGATION] KENESETH ISRAEL. [CONGREGATION] KOL ISRAEL ANSCHE POLAND, 20-22 Forsyth. Founded 1892. Chazan, Wolf Wilder, 24 Forsyth; Presi- dent, Israel Levy; Vice-President, Morris Jacob; Treas- urer, M. Maranth; Secretary, Joseph Kurlansky, 35 Rutger; Sexton, Solomon Sultan. Trustees: M. A. Cohen, S. Rubenstein, H. Bennet, F. Rubenstein, D. Olitzky, A. Baron, I. Berman, D. Schliberwitz. Board meets first Sunday of the month. Members, 150. An- nual income, $7000. LADIES' AUXILIARY SOCIETY OF BETH ISRAEL HOSPITAL, 206 E. Broadway. Founded May, 1890. Officers: President, Mrs. Nathan Marcus; First Vice-President, Mrs. B. Gor- don; Second Vice-President, Mrs. B. Kommel; Third Vice-President, Mrs. M. Sklamberg; Treasurer, Mrs. T. Marcus; Secretary, Mrs. Jacob Pelz. Board meeting DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 209 New York (contvmedf. every other Tuesday. Objects: To furnish bedding, linens, kitchen utensils, patients' clothes, and all hospital furnishings. LADIES' AUXILIARY SOCIETY OF THE HOME FOB AGED AND INFIRM OF DISTRICT NO. 1, I. O. B. B. Founded April 21, 1887. Officers: President, Mrs. Leopold Stern; Vice- President, Mrs. Hugo Josephy; Treasurer, Mrs. Myer Hellman; Secretary, Mr. Emanuel Marx, 315 E. 57th Street. Board of Directresses: Mrs. Joseph Loth, Mrs. David Wile, Mrs. J. H. Rosen, Mrs. Moses Heyman, Mrs. B. Horwitz, Mrs. H. Eckstein, Mrs. S. May, Mrs. J. Stern, Mrs. J. Fox, Mrs. M. Minzesheimer, Mrs. A. Besthoff, Mrs. C. Rosenbaum, Mrs. M. Heim, Mrs. L. A. Myers, Mrs. H. W. Cane, Mrs. J. M. Cohen, Mrs. H. S. Herrman, Mrs. J. H. Stich. Members, 787. Annual income, about $1600. Board meeting second Tuesday of the month, except summer months. Organization meets last Sun- day of April. Objects: To contribute to the comfort of the inmates of the Home at Yonkers, furnish the linens, bedding, etc., and clothe the female inmates. Surplus funds are applied to such requirements of the Home as the Board of Governors may suggest. LADIES' AUXILIARY SOCIETY OF MONTEFIORE HOME, Monte- flore Home, W. 138th Street and Grand Boulevard. Founded 1888. Officers: President, Mrs. Simon Borg; First Vice-President, Mrs. Louis Gans; Second Vice- President, Mrs. A. N. Cohen; Treasurer, Mrs. S. M. Leh- man; Honorary Secretary, Mrs. R. A. Schoneman. Board of Trustees: thirty-three directresses, five honorary directresses. Members, about 700. Annual income, about $4500. Board meeting third Tuesday of the month. Organization meets third Tuesday in November. Objects: To provide the Montefiore Home with all the clothing for male and female patients, as well as bedding- and linen of all kinds for the whole institution; also the country Sanitarium at Bedford Station, N. Y. LADIES' BENEVOLENT SOCIETY, GATES OF HOPE. See under FEDERATION OF SISTERHOODS. LADIES' BIKUR CHOLIM SOCIETY, 209 E. Broadway. Founded November 28, 1860. Officers: President, Mrs. Emma L. Toplitz; Vice-President, Mrs. A. Honigman; Treasurer, Mrs. Sarah Neustadter; Secretary, Mrs. Nathaniel Brandon; Assistant Secretary, A. P. Politzer, 62 E. 120th. Board of Directors: Mrs. Joshua Piza, Mrs. U 210 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAE BOOK

New York (contimied). Emma J. H. Rosenbaum, Mrs. Henriette Jacobson, Mrs. Emil Messner, Mrs. Abr. Besthoff, Mrs. Morris S. Herr- man, Mrs. Rachel H. Israel, Mrs. Sidney Marx, Mrs. Sol. Wertheim, Mrs. Janowitz. Members, 112. Income for the fiscal year ending May 31, 1899, $1142.11. Board meeting first Tuesday of the month. Organization meets in December and June. Objects: To give aid and assistance in cases of sickness or death; to help the poor; also to instruct poor girls in all branches of needle-work, in its Industrial School, and to procure for them suitable employment. The Industrial School is located at 209 E. Broadway. Superintendent, Mrs. R. Paur. Average attendance, 90 girls from 8 to 12 years of age. The garments made up at the school are distributed among the most needy of the pupils. *LADIES' HEBREW BENEVOLENT SOCIETY. President, Mrs. A: N. Cohen; Secretary, Mrs. Julius Hart, 322 W. 58th. LADIES' SEWING SOCIETY OF THE HEBREW ORPHAN ASYLUM, 138th Street and Amsterdam Avenue. Founded about 1859. Officers: President, Mrs. Jacob Bookman; Vice-Pres- ident, Mrs. Sam. Adler; Treasurer, Mrs. A. Joseph; Hon- orary Secretary, Mrs. Louis Lavanburg, 20 Manhattan Square, S.; Assistant Secretary, Mrs. S. Mehrbach. Board of Trustees: Mrs. Isidor Wormser, Mrs. Julius Hart, Mrs. Max Goldfrank, Mrs. E. Eising, Mrs. S. Klingen- stein, Mrs. A. S. Trier, Mrs. H. Steinberger, Mrs. E. Popper, Mrs. A. B. Heller, Mrs. Henry Rice, Mrs. E. Mamelsdorf, Mrs. J. B. Bloomingdale, Mrs. William Rosenberg, Mrs. Philip Lehman, Mrs. I. N. Spiegelberg. Members, about 1800. Annual income, about $8000. Board meeting first Wednesday in the month from September to June. Organization meets at 10 a. m. first Wednesday of the month from November until Purim. Objects: Clothing the children and supplying all linens required in the Institution. *LEBANON HOSPITAL.

MACHPELAH CEMETERY ASSOCIATION, Grounds, Fresh Pond, L. I., five miles from New York City. Founded Novem- ber 10, 1860. Officers: President, George Heyman; Vice- President, B. Frankel; Secretary, L. Leisersohn, 1st Street and 2d Avenue; Treasurer, Isaac Wyman. Board of Trustees: Kaufman Henschel, John Steinber, Joseph Libman, Sam'] Lederman, Julius Meyer. Members, 83 component societies and 160 lot-owners; the whole ceme- DIRECTORY OF LOCAL OKGANIZATIONS 211

New York (continued). tery contains about 1400 family lots. Annual income, about $1100. Organization meets semi-annually on last Sunday in May and November. *MACHZIKA TOKAII ANSHAB SINEEE, 34 Montgomery. Presi- dent, Aaron Goodman, 7 Montgomery. MAIMONIDES FBEE LIBBAEY, 57th and 3d Avenue. Founded in 1849 by I. O. B. B. Public Library since 1894. Sup- ported by city, but under the management of the Order. Chairman, William A. Gans; Librarian, Miss S. X. Schot- tenfels, and six assistants. Open daily (except Satur- days and Jewish holidays) from 9 a. m. to 9 p. m.; Sun- days, 9 a.m. to 4 p.m.; Saturdays, 7 to 10 p.m. Vol- umes in library May 1, 1899, 58,145. Judaica, 5000. Cir- culation in 1898, 206,028. [CONGBEGATION] MATTEH LEVI, 49 E. Broadway. Founded May, 1886. Rabbi, Philip Levison, 99 Henry Street; Cantor, Abr. Seff; President, Isaac Amdarsky; Vice- President, Benjamin Alnick; Treasurer, N. Rosenstein; Secretary, Gerson Goldin, 103 Hester Street. Trustees: Meyer Schwetzer, Hyman Rubin, Jacob Merzinsky. Board meeting, alternate Saturdays. Members, 70. Services three times daily. Annual income, about $1200. Talmud Torah (Tor children) daily, 3 to 7 p. m., Teacher, Samuel Lipsky. Auxiliary Society, Chebra Kadisha. * [CONGBEGATION] MISHKAN ISBAET. ANSCHE SUVALK, 56 Chrys- tie. MONTEFIOBE HOME FOB CHBONIC INVALIDS, Grand Boulevard and W. 138th and 139th Streets. Founded October 12, 1884. Officers: President, Jacob H. Schiff; Vice-Presi- dent, Louis Gans; Treasurer, Lyman G. Bloomingdale; Honorary Secretary, Raphael Ettinger, 621 Broadway. Board of Trustees: Aaron J. Bach, Isaac Blumenthal, Isaac Brandon, Louis Clark, Jr., Walter E. Beer, Isaac Eppinger, Aaron Hecht, Henry S. Herrman, Henry Hess, Selmar Hess, Sigmund M. Lehman, B. J. Ludwig, Kauf- man Mandell, Samuel Sachs, Henry Solomon, Leopold Stern, Isidor Straus, Ferd. Sulzberger, Samuel Unter- myer, Joseph E. Heimerdinger. Members and contributors, 4077. Annual income, $81,221.86. Board meeting last Sunday of the month. Organization meets second Sunday in November. Objects: To afford permanent shelter in sickness, and to relieve invalids, residents of the city of New York, who, by reason of the incurable 212 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

ITew York (confirmed). character of the diseases from •which they may be suffering are unable to procure permanent medical treatment in any of the hospitals or homes. Also maintains a Sanitarium for incipient cases of phthisis at Bedford Station, Westchester County, N. Y. See Ladies' Auxiliary Society. *MT. NEBOH CEMETERY, Office, 22 Bible House. President, Meyer Stern; Secretary, William Simpson; Treasurer, Lewis Sternbach. On Fresh Pond Road adjoining Cypress Hill Cemetery, three miles from Brooklyn Bridge. Superintendent, Herman Grauerholz. THE MOUNT SINAI HOSPITAL OF THE CITY OF NEW YOBK, Lexington Avenue, 66th to 67th Street. Founded Janu- ary 5, 1852. Officers: President, Isaac Wallach; Vice- President, Isaac Stern; Treasurer, E. Asiel; Secretary, L. M. Josephthal, 128 E. 72d Street. Board of Trustees: Henry Gitterman, Isaac Blumenthal, Louis Stix, Simon Rothschild, Adolph Herrmann, Max Nathan, David Wile, Leopold Weil, George Blumenthal, Herman Mendel, Ed- ward Oppenheimer, Morris S. Barnet, Henry R. Ickel- heimer, Meyer H. Lehman, Kalman Haas, Joseph F. Cullman, Joseph Fox, Adolph Lewisohn, Isaac N. Heidel- berg, Emil S. Levi. Members, 4075. Annual income, $122,902.84. Board meeting second Sunday of the month. Organization meets in January. Object: To treat the sick (free of charge to the poor) without distinction as to creed, color or nationality. Is erecting a new building on block 100th to 101st Street, and Madison Avenue to 5th Avenue. MOUNT SINAI TRAINING SCHOOL FOB NURSES, 149 E. 67th Street. Founded March 25, 1881. Officers: President, George Blumenthal; Vice-President, Hy. R. Ickel- heimer; Treasurer, Emil Berolzheimer; Secretary, Louis Auerbach, 836 Broadway. Board of Trustees: Isaac Stern, M. Warley Platzek, Isaac Wallach, Adolph Herr- mann, Isaac Blumenthal, Ed. J. Deitsch, Leopold Weil, Chas. Nathan, David Wile, Max Naumburg, Emil S. Levi, Walter E. Beer. Members, 1073. Annual income, $25,061.28. Board meeting second Thursday of the month. Organization meets biennially in March. Object: Training women as nurses for hospitals and private families. [CONGREGATION] MT. ZION, 67 E. 113th Street. Founded 1888. Rabbi, Herman Lustig, 171 E. 77th Street; Cantor, Wolff DIEECTOKY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 213 New York (continued). Brown. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, I. Solomon; Vice-President, M. Michelson; Trustees: L. Jacobson, N. Jacobson, M. Arnheimer, Ch. Loewenfels, I. Abeles, M. Melino, P. Sammet. Board meeting first Wednesday of the month. Members, about 45. Ser- vices: Friday at sunset; Saturday, 9 a. m., and daily, mornings and evenings. Religious School: Sunday from 9 to 12 a. m.; Wednesday, 4 to 6 p. m. Pupils, 100. An- nual income, about $5000. Auxiliary Society, Mt. Zion Ladies' Social Circle. [CONGREGATION] NACHLATH ZEVI, 170 E. 114th. Founded 1889. Rabbi, H. Kaminetzky, 63 E. 114th; Chazan, Pesach Diamondstein, 116th Street; President, H. Lass; Vice-President, L. Schein; Treasurer, Mirens; Secretary, Lipman, 109th and Lexington Avenue; Sexton, Marx Cohen. Board meets first Sunday in month. Mem- bers, 20. Services three times daily. * [CONGREGATION] NEFUZOTH JEHUDA. NEW YORK BOARD OF JEWISH MINISTERS. Founded 1880. Officers: President, Rev. Dr. K. Kohler; Vice-President, Rev. Dr. F. de S. Mendes; Secretary, Rev. Dr. M. H. Harris, 10 E. 129th; Treasurer, Rev. S. S. Wise. Mem- bers, 19. Board meeting first Monday in month. Ob- ject, consideration of Jewish communal interests. [CONGREGATION] OESTERREICH-UNGARN ANSCHE SFARD, 99 At- torney Street. Founded 1877. President, M. D. Wald- man, 73 Ridge; Vice-President, Fiebel Banner; Secre- tary, Levi Jacobowitz; Treasurer, Solomon Minok; Sexton, Solomon I. Lyman. Trustees: S. Fensterheim, S. Rosenweld, Wm. Schlanger, Abram Fried. Board meeting every other Saturday. Members, 60. Annual income, $900. Auxiliary Society, Chebra Kadisha. [CONGREGATION] OHABEI SCHOLOM, 31 East Broadway. Founded 1879. Rabbi, Joseph Levine, 61 E. Broadway; President, Bernhard Levy; Vice-President, A. J. Smith; Treasurer, B. Margolis; Secretary, Baruch Rothschild, 31 Henry. Trustees: Lazarus Levy, Samuel Abschitz. Board meeting every second Sunday. Members, 28. Services three times daily. Income, $400. Auxiliary Society, Chebra Kadisha. [CONGREGATION] OHEB ZEDEK (FIRST HUNGARIAN CONGREGA- TION), 172-178 Norfolk Street. Founded about 1869. Rabbi, Dr. Ph. Klein, 393 E. 8th; Chazan, Jacob Beer; Assistant Chazan and Baal Kore, H. S. Helfgott; 214 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

New York (continued). Wochen Gabai, Joseph Lustig; President, Moritz Schlesinger; Vice-President, Sigmund Fodor; Treasurer, Joseph Berkowitz; Financial Secretary, Leopold Weiz- enhoffer, 393 E. 8th; Recording Secretary, David Ber- liner, 28 Avenue D; Sexton, Adolph Heittinger. Trus- tees: Emil Neufeld, Leopold Engel, Elias Kantman, Dr. M. Landesman. Congregation meets every Saturday evening. Members, 300. Services three times daily. Sermon evefry four weeks. School every day for Bible, Mishna and Talmud. Annual income, $20,000. Auxil- iary Society: Chebra Kadisha; Gabai, Leopold Engel. [CONGREGATION] ORACH CHAYIM, 221-223 E. 51st. Founded 1879. Chazan, Jacob D. Sapir, 313 E. 53d; Acting Presi- dent, S. W. Heller, 428 E. 58th; Treasurer, Joseph Rosen- berg; Secretary, Abraham Nussbaum, 407 E. 50th; Sex- ton, L. Hyinan. Trustees: Isaac Pollock, Lehman Samuels, Myer Freeman. Board meets first Sunday of the month. Members, 33. Services daily. Shiur (Ge- mara class) every Saturday and every evening. *PASSOVER RELIEF ASSOCIATION, 1401 3d Avenue. President, Michael Silver stein; Secretary, Adolph Schwarzbaum; Treasurer, Benjamin Saidel. .PEOPLE'S SYNAGOGUE, Educational Alliance, 197 E. Broadway. Founded 1897. Rabbi, Dr. A. M. Radin, 347 E. 116th; Cantor, Rev. H. Myers. Management: Board of Edu- cational Alliance, Superintendent, Dr. David Blaustein and 7 members selected from the congregation, viz., A. Radin, J. Kamber, J. Philips, I. Weinstein, H. Rat- ner, E. Randoll, A. Hoffman. Board meeting the second Monday of the month. Members, 710. Services: Friday evening; Saturday, 9 a. m.; holidays. *PKOGRESS CLUB, 5th Avenue corner E. 63d. President, I. Seibel; Secretary, Charles M. Eisig; Treasurer, Henry Goodman. THE PURIM ASSOCIATION. Founded January, 1861. Officers: President, M. H. Moses; Secretary, I. S. Isaacs; Vice- President, Simon Schafer; Treasurer, Sol. B. Solomon. Board of Trustees consists of 11 members in addition to officers. Members, 41. Annual income, derived from charitable entertainments, is given to charitable associations. Board meeting monthly. Organization meets in April yearly. Objects, charitable. Since organization over $450,000 has been realized from charitable entertainments and divided amongst various Jewish associations. DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 21 g

New York (confirmed). *[CHEVRA] RODEF SHOLOM BNEY MISHNITZ, 238 Broome. [TEMPLE] RODEPH SHOLOM, corner Lexington Avenue and 63d Street. Founded 1842. Rabbi, Rudolph Grossman, D. D.; Cantor, David Cahn. Officers and Board of Trus- tees: President, Hon. Benj. Blumenthal; Vice-President, Judge H. M. Goldfogle; Treasurer, J. Freund; Sec- retary, I. H. Goldsmith; Trustees: Messrs. Zim- merman, Frankel, Jacobi, Schwab, Goldsmith, P. Schimel. Board meeting1 first Wednesday of the month. Members, 200; seatholders, 256. Services: Friday, 8 p.m.; summer, 6 p.m.; Saturdays, 10 a.m. Religious School: Sundays, 9.30 to 12 a.m.; Saturdays, 9 to 10.15 a. m. Pupils, 220. Annual income, about $25,000. Auxiliary Societies: Rodeph Sholom Sisterhood, maintaining a relief section, sewing society, industrial school, religious school, sewing classes (see under Fed- eration of Sisterhoods); Young Men's and Women's Culture Society; Post-Confirmation Society. RUSSIAN-AMEEICAN HEBEEW ASSOCIATION, Educational Alli- ance, E. Broadway and Jefferson Street. Founded August 5, 1890. Officers: President, Adolph M. Radin. No other officers elected during the last two years. Every one admitted. No dues. Organization meets every Sunday at 8 p. m., from October to June. Ob- jects: To exercise a civilizing and elevating influence upon the immigrants and to Americanize them; to defend the Russian immigrants against unjust attacks; to establish an understanding between the Russian immigrants and their brethren of other nationalities. These objects are reached by lectures, mostly in popular German; by discussions and debates on topics of the day, especially on those pertaining to the moral, intellectual and material benefits of the immigrants; by instruction on American institutions. SANITARIUM FOB HEBREW CHILDREN OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK. Sanitarium, Rockaway Park, L. I.; Office, 148 Wooster Street, New York City. Founded October 31, 1879. Officers: President, Nathan Lewis; First Vice- President, Dr. Horatio Gomez; Second Vice-President, Raphael Ettinger; Treasurer, Hezekiah Kohn; Honorary Secretary, Joseph Davis, 148 Wooster Street. Board of Trustees: Louis S. Brush, G. Garson Freund, Edward Jacobs, Max Katzenberg, Dr. Samuel Kohn, Julius Sands. No membership, supported by voluntary sub- AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

New York (continued). scription during the season. Income last year, about $7000. Board meeting second Tuesday of the month. Objects: To give free excursions on land and water to the poor, destitute and sick children of the Jewish faith, and to supply medical aid, advice and assistance, and provide and build a Sanitarium. Work is carried on only during the months of June, July, August and Sep- tember. SELIGMAN SOLOMON SOCIETY (Alumni of the New York He- brew Orphan Asylum), Cafe Logeling, 237-241 E. 57th Street. Founded 1886. Officers: President, Michael Wolfe; Vice-President, Harry Woolf; Treasurer, Adolph Oppen- heimer; Financial Secretary, Herman Stark; Recording Secretary, Morris Solomon; Corresponding Secretary, Miss Millie Dannenberg. Board of Trustees: Harry Simon, Meyer Cushner, Maurice Solomon. Members, 150. Board meeting at least twice a year. Organiza- tion, meets first and third Monday of the month. Ob- jects: To carry out such measures as may be deemed desirable and worthy of the memory of a noble bene- factor, the late Seligman Solomon; to promote the social and moral welfare of its members; and to provide as far as possible for members in good standing, in case of distress, sickness or death. [CONGBEGATION] SHAARAY TEFILLA, 156-162 W. 82d Street. Founded 1846. Rabbi, F. de Sola Mendes; Reader, S. Rappoport. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, Isaac S. Isaacs; Vice-President, Louis I. Haber; Treas- urer, Arthur S. Levy; Trustees: Mark Aronson, I. K. Cohn, J. Gumpel, Dr. J. I. Hart, I. L. Lersner, Louis Levinson. Board meeting last Tuesday of the month. Members, 150. Services: Friday, 8.15 p.m.; Sabbath, 10.15 a. m. Religious School: Sunday, 9 to 12 a. m. Pupils, 130. Annual income, $15,000. Auxiliary Socie- ties; Shaaray Tefilla Sisterhood (see under Federation of Sisterhoods); President, Mrs. Louis I. Haber. Ladies' Benevolent Association; President, Mrs. A. N. Cohen. Mutual Benefit and Burial Society; President, H. Solo- mon. Young People's Association; President, Miss Julia Weill. [CONGREGATION] SHAAREI B'BOCHO (French Congregation), 138-140 E. 50th. Founded 1874. Rabbi, Dr. Gabriel Hirsh, 337 E. 52d; Chazan, Nathan Rosenzweig; Presi- dent, Julius Fleishhauer, 348 E. 50th; Vice-President, Nathan Weil; Treasurer, Herbert Dahlmann; Secretary, DIEECTOEY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 217

New York (continued). Jacob Ankel, 353 E. 48th; Sexton, Henry Gutman. Trustees: Emil Borris, Adolph Failowitz, Eli Sobel, Charles Meyer. Meets second Tuesday in month. Members, 65. Services: Friday evening and Saturday morning; all holidays. Eeligious School: Saturday, 2 to 4 p.m.; Sunday, 9 to 11 a. m. Pupils, 35. Annual income, about $3100. [CONGREGATION] SHKARITH B'NAI ISRAEL, 638 E. 6th Street. Eabbi, Dr. Eosenthal; Assistant, S. Friedberg. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, Dav. Cahn; Vice- President, Jos. Heilbrun; Trustees: M. Eschwege, M. Lederer, A. Aron, L. Bauman, J. Joseph, A. Sheir. Board meeting the first Sunday of the month. Members, 45. Services, daily, 6 a. m.; Sabbath, 9 a. m. Eeligious School: Sunday, 10 to 12 a.m.; Wednesday, 4 to 6 p.m. Pupils, 115. Annual income, $2000. Auxiliary Society: Sisterhood of C. S. B. L; President, Eosa Bauman. [K. K.] SHEARITH ISRAEL (Spanish and Portuguese), 70th Street and Central Park W. Founded 1682. Eabbi, H. Pereira Mendes; Assistant, A. H. Nieto. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, L. N. Levy; Vice-Presi- dent, D. de Meza; H. S. Seixas, A. Wallach, A. Lyons, Albert J. Elias, Edgar J. Nathan; Clerk, N. Taylor Phil- lips. Eeligious School: Sunday morning and afternoon; Wednesday afternoon. Pupils: Polonies Talmud Torah School, about 125; Eeligious School, " Alliance Building," about 300; Tremont, about 60; Houston Street, about 100. Auxiliary Societies: Hebra Hesed Veemet, organized 1802; Polonies Talmud Torah School, organized 1808; Hebrew Belief Society, including Female Benevolent Society, organized 1820, and Society for the Education of Poor Children and Eelief of Indigent Persons, organized 1828. (See under Federation of Sisterhoods.) * [TEMPLE] SINAI. Eabbi, M. Kopf stein. SOCIETE ISRAE'LITE FRANCAISE DE SECOURS MDTUELS DE NEW YORK. Founded November 23, 1873. Officers: President, Lucien Selz; First Vice-President, Charles Meyer; Second Vice-President, Jules Levey; Treasurer, David Weill; General Secretary, Henry T. Eosen, 57 E. 105th Street. Board of Trustees: Arthur Levy, Ben- jamin Bosenstiel, George Selz. Members, 132. Annual income, about $1200. Board meeting twice a year. Organization meets fourth Sunday of the month. Ob- jects: Mutual benefit. 218 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

New York (continued).. *[CHEBBA KADISHA] TALMUD TOBAH, 622 5th. Rabbi, Julius Levy, 367 E. 10th; Sexton, Alex. Kutz. [CONGBEGATION] TIFFEBETII IsHABL, 126 to 130 Allen. Founded 1874. Rabbi, Barnett Silberman, 95 Henry Street; As- sistant, A. Solitist. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, I. Pearlstein; Vice-President, A. Trilling-; Treasurer, I. Shanker, 43 Essex. Board meeting monthly. Members, 160. Services: 6 a. m. and 5 p. m. daily. Auxiliary Societies: Society for Invalids and a Benevolent Society. UNITED HEBBEW CHABITIES, Second Avenue and 21st Street. Founded April 26, 1874. Officers: President, Henry Rice; Vice-Presidents, Henry S. Allen, Isaiah Josephi; Sec- retary, Isaac S. Isaacs; Treasurer, Cyrus L. Sulzberg-er. Board of Trustees: Siegmund J. Bach, Jules S. Bache, Abraham Bernhard, Nathan Bijur, Mrs. F, A. Cohen, Samuel Dalsheimer, Mrs. Wm. Einstein, Charles I. Fleck, Dr. Bernard Gordon, Mitchell A. C. Levy, Harry H. Meyer, Marx Ottinger, Sigmund Rosenwald, Hyman Sonn, Benjamin Stern, David Untermeyer, Mrs. S. Wein- handler, Dr. A. P. Zemansky, Isidor S. Korn; Honorary Vice-President, Solomon Loeb. Manager, Dr. Lee K. Frankel. Members, 953. Annual income, about $140,000. Board meeting second Tuesday of the month. Organiza- tion meets last week in October. The work of the organization is executed through the following bureaus: 1. Relief, 2. Employment, 3. Medical, 4. Maternity, 5. Free burial, 6. Immigration. It also maintains an Industrial School at 58 St. Marks Place, where instruction is given in sewing, embroidery, and dress-making. See also Federation of Sisterhoods; Hebrew Benevolent Fuel Association; Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Asylum Society; Hebrew Relief Society of New York City. *WEST END CLUB, 446 Amsterdam Avenue. YOBKVILLE LADIES' HEBBEW AID SOCIETY. • See under FED- ERATION OF SlSTEBHOODS. THE YOUNG MEN'S HEBBEW ASSOCIATION, 861 Lexington Ave- nue. Founded March 22, 1874. Officers: President, Percival S. Menken; Vice-President, Benjamin M. Holz- man; Treasurer, William Lewinson; Financial Secretary, Dr. Louis S. Rosenstiel; Recording Secretary, Falk Younker. Board of Trustees: Isidor A. Asher, Meyer Auerbach, J. B. Bloomingdale, William Goldman, Simon Gottschall, Moses H. Grossman, Louis I. Haber, Levi DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 219

New York (continued). Hershfield, William Lewinson, I. Newton Lewis, Law- rence W. Mack, Kaufman Mandell, Rev. Dr. F. de Sola Mendes, N. Taylor Phillips, Louis S. Stroock, Edward C. Stone. Members, 1200. Annual income, $7100. Board meeting first Monday of every month except July and August. Organization meets in May. [CONGREGATION] ZICHRON EPHRAIM, 163-167 E. 67th Street. Founded 1889. Rabbi, Dr. Bernard Drachman, 36 E. 75th Street; Reader, Moses Lublinsky. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, Jonas Weil; Vice-Presi- dent, Sender Jarmulowsky; Leo Hutter, Emanuel Arn- stein, B. D. Kaplan, F. Lewin, J. Oshinsky, D. Berg, M. Rubinsky. Board meeting semi-monthly. Members, 135; seatholders, 200. Services: 6.30 a.m. and 2 p.m. daily; 8.30 a. m. on Sabbaths and 8 a. m. on Festivals; 6 a.m. on New Year and Atonement. Religious School: 4 to 6 p. m. daily; 9 to 11.30 a. m. on Sundays. Pupils, 300. Annual income, about $10,000. Auxiliary Societies: Ladies' Auxiliary Society; Hebra Kadisha, Holy Broth- erhood for Ministering to the Dying and Dead; Hebra Shas, Society for the Study of the Law. *[CONGBEGATION] ZICHRON TORATH MOSHE. Rabbi, M. H. Hoch- stein. Ogdensburg * [CONGREGATION] ANSHE ZOPIIEB. Plattsburg [CONGREGATION] BETH ISRAEL, Oak Street. Founded April 27, 1865. Rabbi, Jacob Lubin. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, I. Scheier; Secretary and Treas- urer, Marcus Miller; Trustees: Julius Mendelsohn, Isaac Merkel and Henry Scheier. Board meeting first Sunday of the month. Members, 16. Services: Friday, 7 p.m.; Saturday, 9.30 a.m. Religious School: Sunday, 10 a.m.; Wednesday, 4 p.m. Pupils, 25. Annual income, about $1000.

Poughkeepsie * [CONGREGATION] BRETHREN OF ISRAEL. Rochester [CONGREGATION] BERITH KODESH. Founded October 8, 1848. Rabbi, Max Landsberg, Ph. D., 420 E. Main Street; As- sistant, Max S. Moll. Officers and Board of Trustees: 220 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK Rochester (oonti/mied.). President, Max Lowenthal; Vice-President, Jos. Mich- aels; Treasurer, Wm. Miller; Secretary, M. M. Meyers; Trustees: S. Rosenberg, I. Bier, S. M. Benjamin, M. Garson, A. J. Katz. Board meeting first Sunday of the month. Members, 270. Services: Friday night, Satur- day morning, holidays, and in the winter season Sun- day morning. Religious School: Saturday morning and Sunday morning. Pupils, 205. Annual income, $11,000. Auxiliary Society, Berith Kodesh Sisterhood. * [CONGREGATION] BETH HAKNBSES HA CHODOSH, 168 Chatham Street. Founded 1884. Rabbi, Aaron Gordon; Sexton, Samuel Kaplan. - [CONGREGATION] BETH ISRAEL, 30 Leopold Street. Founded 1876. Rabbi, David Ginsburg, 21 Harrison Street. Offi- cers and Board of Trustees: President, A. Bloom; Vice- President, E. Ramensky; and five trustees. Board meeting every two weeks. Members, 90. Services, three times daily. Annual income, $3000. Auxiliary Societies: Hebrew Charity, Ladies' R. S., G'miluth Chasodim, Hachnosoth Orchim, Chavrei Kadisho. * [CONGREGATION] B'NAI DAVID, 32 Hanover Street. Founded 1892. Rabbi, Abraham Rosin. *CONGREGATION OP TAILORS, 37 Rhine Street. Founded 1896. Rabbi, Abraham Rosin; President, David Sereski. HEBREW LADIES' AID SOCIETY. Founded March 6, 1870. Officers: President, Mrs. L. Adler; Viee-President, Mrs. D. Van Bergh; Treasurer, Mrs. T. Meyer; Secretary, Mrs. S. Guggenheimer, 11 University Avenue. Members, 180. Annual income, $540. Organization meets last Sunday of the month. Object: To care for the sick and poor, by giving money, clothing, coal and provisions in conjunction with the United Charities. Also sustains wards in the different hospitals of the city. *HEBREW LADIES' RELIEF SOCIETY. JEWISH ORPHAN ASYLUM ASSOCIATION OF WESTERN NEW YORK. Founded February 23, 1879. Officers: President, David Hays, Rochester; First Vice-President, L. Keiser, Buffalo; Second Vice-President, Benjamin Stolz, Syra- cuse; Treasurer, Joseph Michaels, Rochester; Secretary, Max Landsberg, Rochester. Board of Trustees: From Buffalo, N. Y., Sigmund Levyn, Henry Weill, L. W. Marcus, Israel Aaron; Syracuse, N. Y., T. H. Danziger, N. Jacobson, A. Guttman, George Freeman; Rochester, N. Y., S. M. Benjamin, Abram J. Katz. Members, 508. Annual income, about $6000. Full Board meets third DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 221

Rochester (continued). Sunday in October; Rochester members once a month. Organization meets in January. Object: To take care of Jewish children deprived of either or both parents, and without adequate means of support, residing in the territory specified in the charter. THE JUDEAN CLUB, St. Joseph Street. Founded June 16, 1895. Officers: President, Henry Samuelsohn; Vice- President, Lester Fisher; Secretary, Isidore Bardin; Fi- nancial Secretary, H. H. Marks; Treasurer, Sol. Appel- baum. Board of Trustees: N. Rosenberg, Wm. Janow- sky, Sol. Winkleman, S. Steinberg, J. Moses, M. L. Stern, J. Pekarsky, M. Silverman, Wm. Jacobstein, J. Golden- son. Members, 150. Annual income, approximately $1000. Board meeting bi-monthly. Organization meets every Tuesday evening. Object: Educational and social work amongst Jewish young men. Auxiliary of 105 young ladies. Meetings every Saturday night. ROCHESTER HEBREW BENEVOLENT SOCIETY. Founded 1867. Officers: President, David M. Garson; Vice-President, Isaac M. Sloman; Treasurer, Nathan Goldwater; Secre- retary, Joseph Cauffman. Board of Trustees: Elias S. Ettenheimer, Gabriel Wile, Emanuel M. Moerel, Solomon M. Benjamin and Max Goldsmith. Members, about 300. Annual income, about $900. Board meeting quarterly. Organization meets in December. * [CONGREGATION] WAAD HOKEL, 38 McDonald Avenue. Founded 1895. Rabbi, Abraham Rosin; Sexton, Elias Rottenberg. Rockaway Beach, L. I. * [TEMPLE] ISRAEL. Rondout * [CONGREGATION] AGUDATH ACHIM. * [CONGREGATION] ANSHE CUBBED. * [CONGREGATION] EMANUEL. Secretary, A. Bernstein. Rabbi, J. Moses. Schenectady * [CONGREGATION] SHARA SCHOMAJIM, 18 N. College. Rabbi, S. Schaumberg. Syracuse * [CONGREGATION] ADATH ISRAEL, S. State corner Harrison. Organized 1882. Rabbi, B. Arkin. Services daily. 222 AMEEICAN JEWISH YEAE BOOK

Syracuse (continued). [CONGREGATION] ADATH YBSHTTRUN, 711-713 S. State Street. Founded November 4, 1872. Eabbi, Henry S. Morais; Assistants, Chazan, Moses Fineberg; Teacher and Sex- ton, Max L. Wechsler. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, I. Shriber; Vice-President, A. Amdursky; Treasurer, S. Kauffman; Trustees, M. Kaletzky, J. B. Harrison, D. Davis. Board meeting monthly. Mem- bers, 50; seatholders, about 75. Services daily, 7 a. m., 6.30 p. m.; Friday at sunset; extra second services with lecture at 7.30; Sabbath, 8.30 a. m.; sermon, 10.30 a. m. Eeligious School: Sunday, 10 to 12 a. m. Pupils, 95. Annual income, $3000. Auxiliary Societies: Bible Class, conducted by Eabbi H. S. Morais; Singing Class, by Eabbi Morais; and Hebrew School four times weekly, by M. L. Wechsler. Ladies' Benevolent Society meets monthly, first Sunday in every month. President, Mrs. S. B. Levy; Treasurer, Mrs. A. Eossman. * [CONGREGATION] AHAVAS ACHIM, 816 State. Organized 1892. President, M. Cohn; Vice-President, A. Superior; Treas- urer, I. Lazarus; Secretary, S. Davis. Meets every other Sabbath in each month in the evening at 8 o'clock. THE HEBREW FREE SCHOOL ASSOCIATION, 1015 Orange Street. Founded August 16, 1889. Officers: President, L. Man- son; Vice-President, S. D. Solomon; Secretary, A. Hy- man, 1005 Orange. Board of Trustees: Ch. Serling; Chairman of Board of Education, David Guelbaum; Treasurer, I. Kaplan; L. Winkelstein, M. Jacobson, L. Cohen, L. Harris, H. Bluestone, M. Balabow, A. Fridman, M. Perlman, Mrs. Carrie Gais. Members, 120. Annual income, $790.65. Board meeting quarterly. Organiza- tion meets annually. Objects: To provide gratuitous instruction in the Hebrew language and literature and Jewish religion, and also to furnish such other instruction as its Board of Directors may determine. The association has a building of its own and has an application for a permanent charter of incorporation pending before the State Board of Eegents. *JEWISH CEMETERY, Jamesville Avenue near Pine Grove. *JEWISH ORPHAN ASYLUM ASSOCIATION. President, N. J. Packard; Treasurer, M. Heiman; Secretary, George Ferguson. (See under Eochester.) * [CONGREGATION] NEW BETH ISRAEL, 721 Grape. Organized 1856. Eabbi, J. Levinson. DIBECTOEY OF LOCAL OEGANIZATIONS 333

Syracuse (continued). * [CONGREGATION] POALE ZEDEK:. *PROGRESS CLUB. President, M. D. Rubin; Vice-President, L. H. Harris; Secretary, M. I. Ferguson; Treasurer, S. Abelson. Meets Zenna Block. [TEMPLE] SOCIETY OP CONCORD, corner State and Harrison Streets. Founded November 21, 1841. Eabbi, Dr. Adolph Guttman, 102 Walnut Place. Officers and Board oi Trustees: President, Gates Thalheimer; Vice-President, Herman Leiter; Trustees: M. Joel, G. Wiseman, M. Hei- man, A. Falker and S. Bronner. Board meeting first Sunday in the month. Members and seatholders, 110. Services: Friday, 7.30 p. m.; Saturday, 10 a. m. Eeligious School, Sunday from 9 to 12 a. m. Pupils, 75. Annual income, about $5000. Auxiliary Societies: Ladies' Aux- iliary; Ladies' Aid (Benevolent); Mission School, in which 130 girls are instructed in Biblical history and in sewing, etc. *Y. M. H. A. President, M. D. Eubin; Vice-President, L. Shire; Treasurer, W. Joel; Secretary, M. A. Harrison. * [CONGREGATION] ZEDEK V'EMES. President, S. E. Goldstein; Vice-President, H. Provolkey; Secretary, N. Bluestone; Treasurer, M. Jacobson. Election, September. Meets Sugarman Hall, Grape corner Harrison. Troy [CONGREGATION] BEEITH SHOLOM. Founded 1857. Eabbi, M. Noot, 182 1st Street. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, A. Ksensky; Vice-President, Max Sinsheimer; Secretary, C. C. Eobinson; Trustees: Marks Gross, A. Levy, H. Stamper, Chas. Laub, J. Bach, A. Markstone. Board meeting1 last Wednesday of the month. Mem- bers, 60. Services: Friday, 7.30 p.m.; Sabbath, 10 a.m. Eeligious School 10.30 a. m. Pupils, 35. Auxiliary So- cieties: Young People's Association, President, M. Noot; Sisterhood of the Temple. Lectures on Friday evening except in July and August. * [CONGREGATION] BETH ISRAEL BICKUR CHOLEM, 8 to 10 State. Eabbi, J. H. Levy; President, L. Tiger; Secretary, D. Marinstein. LADIES' HEBREW AID SOCIETY, 9 Division Street. Founded May 1, 1889. Officers: President, H. Kuschewsky; Sec- retary, Mrs. J. Eubinsky, 78 Eiver Street; Treasurer, Mrs. H. Friedman. Members, 36. Annual income, $108. Organization meets Jast Tuesday in the month. Object, to aid the poor. 224 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

Troy (continued). *[CONGREGATION] SHARAH TEPHILAH, 9 Division. Rabbi, H. M. Lasker; Assistant, J. Mendelsohn; President, Samuel Brown; Treasurer, J. Myers; Recording Secretary, J. H. Sappersten; Financial Secretary, Jacob Lazdon. Utica *ACHNOSIS OBCHIM. Meets first Sundays in House of Israel Synagogue. * [CONGREGATION] HOUSE OF ISRAEL, Washington, corner of Whitesboro. Rabbi, A. Silverman. Cemetery, Steel's Hill. * [CONGREGATION] HOUSE or JACOB, 11 Seneca. Rabbi, H. Friedlander. *JEWISH CEMETERY, Jewett Street near Chenango Avenue. *LADIES HEBREW SOCIETY. President, Mrs. Schlosberg; Vice- President, Mrs. H. Alexander; Secretary, Mrs. D. Alex- ander; Treasurer, Mrs. Goldbas. Yonkers *CONGREGATION, corner New Main and Brooks Street. Ser- vices Saturday morning and afternoon. *HOME FOR AGED AND INFIRM OF DISTRICT NO. 1, I. O. B. B. See LADIES' AUXILIARY SOCIETY under New York. NORTH Asheville * [CONGREGATION] BETH HA-TEPHILLA. President, A. Whit- lock; Treasurer, S. Lipinsky; Secretary, B. Whitlock; Superintendent Religious School, S. Lipinsky. Members, 23. Pupils, 30. Services, 11 a. m. Religious School, 9.30 a. m. Goldsboro [CONGREGATION] OHEB SHOLOM. Founded February 5, 1883. Rabbi, J. L. Mayerberg. Officers: President, Henry Weil; Vice-President, S. S. Spier; Financial Secretary, N. Schwab; Treasurer, Sol. Weil; Recording Secretary, Joe Rosenthal. Directors: Jos. Isaacs, Jos. Schwab, Ed. Lehman, Sam. Cohen. Members, 20. Services, Friday evening and Saturday morning. Religious School, Sunday morning. Pupils, 31. Annual income, $1000. An Auxiliary Society. Raleigh THE HEBREW CEMETERY COMPANY, in the county of Wake. Founded March 25, 1870. The Cemetery is kept up by a DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 235 Raleigh, (continued). few voluntary contributions and by an occasional sale of a lot. No officers and no members. Statesville •[CONGREGATION] EMANUEL. Tarboro [CONGREGATION] BNAI ISRAEL. Founded 1875. Reader Jos. Zander. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, D. Lichtenstein; Secretary, M. Kaufman. Board meeting annually. Members, 11. Services: during the holidays and occasionally Friday evenings. Religious School, during the winter months at 4 p. m. Pupils, 18. Aux- iliary Society, Ladies' Aid Society. Wilmington *CONGRE«ATION. Rabbi, S. Mendelson. OHIO Akron AKRON HEBREW CONGREGATION, S. High Street. Founded 1864. Rabbi, lsador E. Philo. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, I. J. Frank; Vice-President, A. Polsky; Treasurer, H. Moss; Secretary, D. Tukolsky, Cuyahoga Street; Trustees: Messrs. L. Loeb, J. Leopold, H. Kraus. Board meeting quarterly. Members, 45. Services, Friday, 7.30 p. m. Religious School: Saturday, 9.30 to 11 a.m.; Sunday, 10 to 11 a.m. Pupils, 40. An- nual income, $1500. Auxiliary Societies: Schwesterbund (charity), Progress Club. Bellaire * [CONGREGATION] MOSES MONTEFIORE. Cincinnati [K. K.] ADATH ISRAEL, N. E. corner Ninth and Cutter Streets. Founded 1853. Cantor, Jos. Magril. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, Frank Saloshin; Vice-President, Samson Levi; Warden, Nathan Feld; Secretary, M. H. Franklin, 1438 McMillan Street; Treasurer, D. Rosen- bloom; Trustees: S. Feine, P. Devine, S. Feld, S. L. Mode, M. S. Cohen, Max Peiser. Board meeting last Tuesday of the month. Members, 50. Services daily. Auxiliary Society, Ladies' H. B. S. [CONGREGATION] AHABATH ACHIM (BRETHREN IN LOVE), corner John and Bauer Avenue. Founded February 18, 15 226 AMEEICAK JEWISH YEAR BOOK Cincinnati, (continued). 1848. Eabbi, E. Mayer. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, Gus Jordan; Vice-President, Isaac Strauss; Secretary, N. Wolf stein; Warden, Isaac Weil; Treasurer, Sain'l Weil; Trustees: Sam. Bauer, Henry Kahn, Loeb Miller, Sim. Steinberg, Jul. Frank, Seligm. Sommer, Isaac Levy. Board meeting first Sunday of the month. Members, 40. Services: Friday, 7 p.m.; Saturday, 10 a. m. Religious School: Sunday, 9 to 12 a. m.; Saturday, 9 to 10 a. m. Pupils, 25. Annual income, $2000. Auxil- iary Society, Ladies' Chevra for the benefit of the Cemetery, Ludlow Avenue, Clifton. [CONGREGATION] ANSHE CHESED, 939 Central Avenue. Founded January 14, 1897. Rabbi, B. Samuels. Officers and Board of Trustees: N. Katz, J. Katz, D. Broida, J. Bud- welzky. Board meeting first Sunday of the month. Members, 22. Services: 6 a. m. daily; Saturday, 8 a. m. Religious School, 9 a. m. Annual income, $360. * [CONGREGATION] ANSHE POLEN. Secretary, 15S2 Central. *AUSTRIAN HUNGARIAN' CONGREGATION JAD CHARUZIM, 414 Clinton. [HOLY CONGREGATION] BENE YESHURUN (K. K. B. Y.), 8th and Plum Streets. Founded February 28, 1842. Rabbi, Dr. Isaac M. Wise, 615 Mound Street; Assistant, Dr. Louis Grossman, 2212 Park Avenue. Officers: President, L. J. Goldman; Vice-President, Fred. Rauh; Secretary, Max B. May; Treasurer, B. Bettmann; Warden, C. H. Karlsruher. Board of Trustees: Abe. Bloch, Nathan Drucker, Fred. Eichberg, Jos. A. Friedlander, Felix Kahn, Jos. May, Albert Moch, Elias Moch, Myer Oet- tinger, Jacob Ottenheimer, Emil Pollak, Benjamin Pritz. Board meeting last Sunday of the month. Mem- bers, 357. Services, Friday evening and Saturday morning. Religious School, Saturday and Sunday morning. Pupils, 275. Annual income, $20,000. Auxiliary Socie- ties: Tuesday Evening Bible Class, Tuesday Afternoon Bible Class, Confirmation Club, Young Woman's Im- provement Club. This Congregation and K. K. B'ne Israel support a United Jewish Sabbath School in Avon- dale, a suburb, which'meets every Sunday morning. *[HEVRA] BETH HAKNESIS, 514 George. Rabbi, Simon Levy. *[K. K.] BETH HAMEDEASH SYNAGOGUE, 613 W. Court. Rabbi, Sender Lifshitz. [CONGREGATION] BETH HAMEDRUSH HAGODOL, 718 and 720 Kenyon Avenue. Founded 1885. Rabbi, A. J. P. Lesser; DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 227

Cincinnati {cowlvnueA). Assistant, Nathan Schapere. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, H. Sax; Vice-President, B. H. Dorf- man; Secretary, M. Seigel. Board meeting first and third Sunday of the month. Members, 100. Services, three times daily. * [CONGREGATION] BETH T'FILA, north side Carlisle Avenue, between Central Avenue and John. Rabbi, Julius Kaletzky. [K. K.] B'NE ISRAEL, Eighth and Mound Streets. Founded January 18, 1824. Rabbi, David Philipson; Assistant, Cantor, Morris Goldstein. Officers and Board of Trus- tees: President, Abraham Freiberg; Vice-President, Victor Abraham; Treasurer, Leopold Feiss; Secretary, Alfred M. Cohen; Warden, M. H. Marks. Trustees: Julius Freiberg, James Lowman, S. Greenebaum, S. W. Trost, J. Kronacher, J. W. Freiberg, A. G. Schwab, I. Winkler, S. E. Bachrach, Sol. Fox, Alfred Seasongood, L. Bettman. Board meeting first Thursday of the month. Members, 375. Services: Friday, 5 p. m.; Sat- urday, 10 a. m. Religious School, Sunday, 9 to 11.30 a. m. Pupils, 200. Annual income, $18,000. Auxiliary Societies: Three Post-Confirmation Classes, Bible Class for Adults, Young Ladies' Temple Society, Choral So- ciety will be organized in the fall. The oldest Jewish congregation west of the Alleghanies. [CONGREGATION] BRETHREN IN LOVE. See [CONGREGATION] AHABATH ACHIM. *[CHEVRA] DAUGHTERS OF ISRAEL. Meets first Wednesdays in hall N. W. corner 5th and Central Avenue. *[CHEVRA] GEMILOUS CHASODIM JEWISH LADIES' LODGE. Meets second Sundays at N. W. corner Central Avenue and 5th. *GEBMAN JEWISH PIONEER SOCIETY. Meets first Wednesdays at S. E. corner 8th and Mound. *HOME FOR THE JEWISH AGED AND INFIRM, N. E. corner Bur- net Avenue and Union, Avondale. THE JEWISH FOSTER HOME (United Jewish Charities), 718 W. 6th Street. Founded April 1, 1892. Officers: Presi- dent, Mrs. Julius Freiberg; Treasurer, Mrs. Matilda Kahn; Secretary, Mrs. Sam'l Flechter, 647 W. 4th Street. Annual expense, $3500. Board meeting Mondays. Ob- ject: To take care of children while the parents are at work. Orphans kept until eligible for the Orphan Asylum. 228 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

Cincinnati (continued). *JEWISH HOSPITAL, corner Burnet Avenue and Union, Avon- dale. *JUDAH Touso CEMETERY ASSOCIATION. Meets first Sundays at N. W. corner 5th and Central Avenue. *LADIES HEBREW BENEVOLENT SOCIETY. MONTEFIORE MUTUAL BENBFIT SOCIETY, Fifth Street and Central Avenue. Founded August, 1871. Officers: President, I. Fliescher; Vice-President, L. Sugarcnan; Treasurer, I. Auer; Secretary, M. S. Cohen, 753 Rich- mond Street. Officers of Cemetery: Chairman, Morton S. Cohen; Warden, J. Mayer; Treasurer, I. Auer; Sec- retary, M. May. Board of Trustees of Society: A. Fried- man, J. Mayer, S. Smickler. Members, 47. Board meeting second Sunday of the month. Organization meets second and fourth Sunday of the month. [CONGREGATION] OHAVE SHOLEM, 615 Court Street. Founded 1882. Rabbi, Sender Lifshitz. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, L. Gisman; Vice-President, A. Guld- berg; Treasurer, Joe Levy; Trustees: Bilelow, Stein, Blechshleger. Board meeting first and third Sunday of the month. Members, 55. Services: daily, 6 a. m. and 6 p. m.; Saturday, 8.30 a. m. and 6 p. m. Annual income, $1000. Auxiliary Society, Chevro Kadisho. [CONGREGATION] SHEKITH ISRAEL, Richmond and Mound Street. Founded September 13, il855. Rabbi, Dr. A. Grodski, 707 Baymiller Street. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, M. Auer; Vice-President, Jos. Laz- arus; Warden, D. Adler; Treasurer,. H. Wachtel; Sec- retary, M. Bing, 844 Windham Avenue, Avondale; Trus- tees: Jos. Bloch, Alex. Straus, Wm. Levendorf, L. Lau- man, Abe Sommerfield, Morris Tuch, Dav. Dreifus, Her- man Herzfield, Sam. Weil, I. Auer, Henry Marks, Louis Loeb. Board meeting first Sunday of the month. Mem- bers, 70. Services: daily, 6.30 a.m. and 6 p.m.; Satur- days, 8.30 a. m. Religious School, Saturday and Sunday. Pupils, 70. Annual income, $4000. *TALMUD YELODIM. UNITED JEWISH CEMETERY OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, East Wal- nut Hills. Founded September, 1860. Officers: Presi- dent, Lewis Seasongood; Vice-President, Henry Stix; Treasurer, Julius Freiberg; Recording Secretary, Fred. Eichberg; Financial Secretary, J. A. Friedlander; Ward- ens, M. H. Marks, Chas. Karlsruher. Board of Trus- DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 229

Cincinnati '{continued). tees: James Lowman, Elias Moch, A. Nathan, Chas. Mayer, Adam A. Kramer. 476 lot owners. Annual income, about $3000. Board meeting every three months. UNITED JEWISH CHARITIES, 731 W. 6th Street. Consolidated April, 1896. Officers: President, Bernhard Bettman; Vice- President, Louis S. Levi; Treasurer, Albert Moch; Finan- cial Secretary, Mrs. J. Walter Freiberg; Recording Sec- retary, Miss Hannah Marks. Board of Governors: James Lowman, Dr. D. Philipson, A. G. Schwab, Emil Pollak, Leopold Feiss, J. Walter Freiberg, Victor Abra- ham, Henry Jonap, Jacob Ottenheimer, Henry Stix, Max Senior, Mmes. Julius Freiberg, S. B. Sachs, Louise Mann- heimer, Moses Isaacs, Leopold Fechheimer, L. P. Ezekiel, Lisette Friedlander, Walter Ezekiel, M. J. Mack, Ma- thilda Kahn, Samuel Flechter, Carl Weihl, Lewis Mayer, Martin Guiterman. Members, about 900. Annual income $32,400. Board meeting second Thursday of the month. Constituent Societies: Hebrew General Relief Association, Jewish Ladies' Sewing Society, Ladies' Society for the Relief of the Jewish Sick Poor, Jewish Kitchen Garden Association, Jewish Foster Home, Jew- ish Kindergarten Association, Plum Street Temple In- dustrial School, Industrial School for Boys. YOUNG MEN'S HEBREW ASSOCIATION. Officers: President, Alfred M. Cohen; Secretary, Harry H. Hyams, 1215 John Street.

Cleveland * [CONGREGATION] A'GUDATH ACHIM, 113 Hill. [CONGREGATION] ANSHE CHESED, Scovill Avenue corner Henry Street. Founded 1846. Rabbi, Dr. M. Machol, 320 Sco- vill Avenue; Assistant, L. Deuttelbaum. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, I. Levy, Case Avenue; Vice-President, S. Skall, Perry Street; Treasurer, H. Blahd, Osborn Street; Secretary, G. Lomnitz, Scovill Avenue. Board meeting second Tuesday of the month. Members, 210. Services: Friday, 7.30 p. m.; Saturday, 10 a. m. Religious School: Saturday, 9 to 10 a. m.; Sunday, 9 to 11 a. m. Pupils, 200. Annual income, between $7000 and $8000. * [CONGREGATION] ANSHE EMETH, 550 Erie. Cantor, I. Spitz. * [CONGREGATION] BARUCH OHEL, CHESED, 130 Orange. * [CONGREGATION] BETH HAMIDRASH HAGODOL BETH ISRAEL, Woodland and Jackson. 230 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAE BOOK Cleveland (continued). * [CONGREGATION] BETH JANCOVE MINHAG SFABD. *B'NAI ABRAHAM CEMETERY, Fir near Waverly Avenue. [CONGREGATION] CHEWRA KEDISHA (Bohemian), 1267 Case Avenue. Founded October, 1873. Eabbi, Ludwig Darm- stadter. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, D. J. Zinner; Vice-President, S. Grunewald; Treasurer, A. Berg; Secretary, A. Tauber. Board meeting last Wed- nesday of the month. Members, 25. Services: Friday evening, Saturday morning. Eeligious School, Sunday morning. Pupils, 28. Annual income, about $800-$900. THE HEBREW RELIEF ASSOCIATION. Founded 1873. Officers: President, Adolph Mayer; Vice-President, Sam'l Fried- man; Financial Secretary, Sigmund Shlesinger; Record- ing Secretary, Max Wnrtenberg. Board of Trustees: Adolph Mayer, S. Friedman, S. Shlesinger, Max Wurt- enberg, Marcus Feder, Max Levi, T. Epstein, Henry Baker, H. Friedman, Siegfried Einstein, Max Kohn, Ab- raham Wiener, I. N. Glauber, B. Loewenstein, A. H. Skall, Joseph Hays, Sol. Hexter, Sol. Reinthal, Ike Stein, M. S. Moses. Members, about 400. Annual income, $4500. Board meeting every Monday evening. Organization meets first Sunday in October. *HEBREW SHELTER HOME, 62 Irving. HUNGARIAN CONGREGATION BETTE JESCHURUN, 50 Eagle Street. Rabbi, Dr. Sig. Drechsler. Officers: President, Jul. Steiner; Vice-President, Is. Hares; Treasurer, D. Lebowitz; Secretary, F. Stern, 378 Forest Street. Trus- tees: D. Luberman, M.Kleinman, A.Heimlich, L. Berger,. H. Mandel, Is. Haber, I. D. Friedman, D. Sandrowsky, Ig. Mandel, Sam Klein. Board meeting first Sunday of the month. Members, 175. Services: daily, 6 a. m.; Sat- urday, 8 a. m. Pupils of Religious School, 250. *HXJNGABIAN LADIES' AID SOCIETY, 293 Woodland Avenue. Third Sundays at 2.30. President, Herman Sampliner, 645 Scovill Avenue; Secretary, J. Stern. JEWISH ORPHAN ASYLUM, I. O. B. B., Districts Nos. 2, 6 and 7. Founded July, 1868. Superintendent, Samuel Wol- fenstein, Ph. D.; Matron, Miss Johanna Weil. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, David Adler, of Mil- waukee; Vice-President, William Stix, St. Louis, Mo.; Treasurer, Kaufman Hays, Cleveland, O.; and 9 trustees and 50 directors. Board meetings quarterly, January, April, July and October. Number of inmates: 500 chil- DIKECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 231

Cleveland (continued). dren, from the age of 5 to 15. This institution has been organized and is governed by the Districts Nos. 2, 6 and 7 of the I. O. B. B. It has sheltered 2030 children and has room for 500. * [CONGREGATION] KENESBTH ISRAEL, 234 Woodland Avenue. Rabbi, Emanuel Schoenbrun. •[CONGREGATION] OHAVEI EMUNA ANSHE RUSSIA, 294 Perry. Rabbi, Benjamin Gittlesohn. * [CONGREGATION] OHEV ZEDEK, 2318 Broadway. Rabbi, Na- than Ganger. [CONGREGATION] OR CHOODOSH-BETH-PAKROE-ANSHAI-SFARD, 373 Perry Street. Founded May 15, 1892. Rabbi, Israel Cornsweet; Assistants, M. Makman and Linetzky. Offi- cers and Board of Trustees: Sbainkler, Goldberg and Shainker. Board meeting every Sunday. Members, 65. Services daily, morning and evening. Religious School, 2 p. m. Pupils, 50. Annual income, $1500. •[CONGREGATION] SHAAREI TORAH, 247 Orange. SIR MOSES MONTEFIORE KESHER HOME FOR AGED AND INFIRM ISRAELITES. Founded by D. G. L. No. 4, February 16, 1880. Officers: President, S. Grabfelder, Louisville, Ky.; Vice-President, Fred. Lazarus, Columbus, O.; Treasurer, Jacob Mandelbaum, Cleveland, O.; Secretary, M. M. Wiener, Cleveland, O. Members, about 1300. Annual income, about $15,000. Board meeting second Sunday in January, April, July and October. Organization meets second Monday in July. Object: To provide a home for aged and infirm Israelites over 60 years of age without adequate means of support. THE TEMPLE (TIFERETH ISRAEL CONGREGATION), corner Will- son and Central Avenues. Founded May 26th, 1850. Rabbi, Moses J. Gries. Officers: President, Martin A. Marks; Vice-President, Joseph Erlanger; Treasurer, Emanuel Einstein; Clerk, Morris W. Reich. Directors: Herman Einstein, Herman Friedman, Herman Guggen- heim, Kaufman Hays, Sol. M. Hexter, I. J. Lehman, Max Levi, Henry Morris, Dr. M. Rosenwasser, Sig. Shlesinger, Moses B. Schwab, Meyer Weil. Board meeting first Monday of the month. Members, 355. Services: Satur- day, 10.15 a.m.; Sunday, 10.15 a.m. Religious School, Sunday, 2 to 3 p. m. Pupils, 567. Annual income, $11,- 500. Auxiliary Societies: Temple Society; President, Rabbi M. J. Gries; Secretary, M. W. Reich. Junior 232 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

Cleveland (continued). Temple Society; President, Sidney Schloss; Secretary, Miss Ruth Wiener. Temple Library and Free Reading Room; Librarian, Miss Bertha A. Ronsheim. THE UNITED JEWISH CEMETERIES OF THE TIFEKETH ISRAEL AND ANSHB CHESED CONGREGATIONS OF CLEVELAND, OHIO: Willett Street Cemetery, West Side, Cleveland; Mayfield Cemetery, Mayfield Road, one mile east of Cleveland; Office, 76 Water Street. United July 6, 1890. Officers: President, Isaac Reinthal; Vice-President, Julius Feiss; Acting Secretary, Albert Abel. Board of Trustees: Julius Feiss, Kaufman Hays, Emanuel Ein- stein, representing Tifereth Israel Congregation; Isaac Reinthal, A. I. Sanger, Abraham Wiener, representing Anshe Chesed Congregation. Board meeting quarterly and monthly, generally first Sunday. Annual statements are made to each Congregation in October. *Y. M. J. A., 587 Erie. Board meeting first Thursday. Secretary, H. S. Rosenwater; Treasurer, George Lom- nitz. Reading-rooms open all day.

Columbus * [CONGREGATION] AGUDAS ACHIM, Donaldson near 6th. Rabbi, Solomon Lurie. [K. K.] BNAI ISRAEL. Founded 1864. Rabbi, David Klein. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, S. D. Bur- gunder, Vice-President, J. Loewenstein; Secretary, A. H. Harmon; Treasurer, L. Mendl, and four trustees. Board meeting first Sunday of the month. Members, about 100. Services: Friday, 7 p. m.; Saturday, 9.30 a. m. Religious School: Saturday, 8.30 a.m.; Sunday, 9.30 a.m. Pupils, 50 to 75. Auxiliary Society, Bnai Israel Sister- hood. *JEWISH CEMETERY, south side Harrisburg Pike, west of Jackson Pike. Dayton, *[K'HILATH] BETH JACOB. Rabbi, Jacob Joseph. [K. K.] BNAI YESHUEUN. Founded April, 1857. Rabbi, Dr. M. Wertheimer.1 Officers and Board of Trustees: Presi- dent, Sol. Rauh; Vice-President, Sam.'l Holz; Treasurer, M. Holz; Secretary, I. Stern; Trustees: S. Holz, Sol. Straus, Leopold Rauh, Gus. Lehman. Board meeting monthly. Members, 72. Services, Friday evening and

1 Besigned. DIKECTOKY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 233 Dayton (continued). Saturday morning. Religious School, Sunday, 9 a. m. Pupils, 45. Annual income, $2600. Auxiliary Societies: Ladies' Hebrew Relief Society; President, Mrs. Leopold Rauh, W. 3d Street; Vice-President, Mrs. Jacob Dane- man, E. 5th Street. Hamilton [K. K.] B'NAI ISRAEL. Founded 1866. Rabbi, L. Liebman. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, M. Strauss; Vice-President, M. Sauer; Secretary, A. Ballinger; Treasurer, A. Jacobs. Board meeting first Sunday of the month. Members, 20. Services: Friday, 7 p.m.; Saturday, 9 a. m. Religious School: Saturday, 10 to 11 a. m.; Sunday, 10 to 11 a. m. Pupils, 15. Annual income, $400. Auxiliary Societies: Ladies' Benevolent Society, Art Society. These societies assist the Congre- gation partly in defraying its expenses. Piqua [CONGREGATION] ANSHE EMETH. Founded March, 1858. Offi- cers and Board of Trustees: President, David Louis; Secretary, A. W. Loewi; Trustees: Jacob Wendel, M. Lebolt, M. Liebensberger. Board meeting first of January, April, July and October. Members, 14. Ser- vices, Friday evening and all holidays. Portsmouth [K. K.] BENEI AVROHOM. Founded September 28, 1858. Rabbi, A. Schapiro. Officers: President, Isaac Levi; Vice-President, Moses Lehman; Secretary, Felix Haas. Trustees: Fred. Straus, Max Lehman and Abe Mayer. Members, 32. Services: Friday, 7 p. m.; Saturday, 9 a. m. Religious School, Sunday, 9 a. m. Pupils, 22. Annual income, $100. Auxiliary Societies: Ladies' Be- nevolent Society and Charity Society. Springfield *[CONGREGATION] CHASED SHEL EMETH. Toledo [CONGREGATION] BNAI ISRAEL, corner Union Street and Wood- ruff Avenue. Founded 1870. Rabbi, Joseph Levin, 1937 Canton Avenue. Officers and Board of Trustees: Presi- dent, H. Blum; Vice-President, Louis Steinberg; Trus- 234 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK Toledo {continued). tees: D. Goldstein, M. Zanevill, H. Seligman. Board meeting first Sunday of the month. Members, 80. Services: Saturday, 7.30 a. m. and 5 p. m.; Friday, 7 p.m.; daily 6 a. m. and 6 p. m. Religious School, daily, 3 to 8 p. m.; Sabbath, 2 to 5 p. m. Pupils, 50. Annual income: Congregation, $1000; School, $800. Auxiliary Societies: Ladies' Aid Hebrew Society and a society to lodge and care for strangers, consisting of 30 members. [CHEVRA KADUSCHA] B. I. SOCIETY. Meets first Sundays at Union Street, corner E. Woodruff Avenue. President, A. Goldberg; Vice-President, Jacob Eppstein; Treasurer, M. L. Nieman; Secretary, S. H. Calisch. Objects: Sick benefits and care of cemetery. * [CONGREGATION] B'NAI JACOB, corner Canton and Woodruff Avenues. Rabbi, Herz Benowitz. Services: Friday, 7 to 8 p. m.; Saturday, 8 to 10 a. m. and 5 to 6 p. m. *PROGRESS CLUB, corner Erie and Monroe Streets. Incor- porated 1889. President, Benjamin Frankenberg; Vice- President, Joseph Koch; Secretary, David Winter; Treas- urer, Julius Strauss. * [CONGREGATION] SHOMER EMUNAH. Rabbi, Julius H. Meyer. *TENTH STREET TEMPLE, Tenth, between Monroe and Wash- ington Streets. Services, Friday evening and Saturday morning. Religious School, 2.30 p. m. Youngstown *[CONGREGATION] CHILDREN or ISRAEL, 17 W. Federal. Rabbi, J. Friedman. * [CONGREGATION] RODTCF SHOLEM, corner Holmes and Lincoln Avenue. Rabbi, Dr. J. B. Grossmann. Zanesville * [CONGREGATION] BETH ABRAHAM. * [CONGREGATION] K'NESETH ISRAEL. OREGON Portland [CONGREGATION] AHAVI SHOLOM, Sixth, between Oak and Pine. Founded 1869. Rabbi, R. Abrahamson. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, M. Gilbert; Vice- President, J. Asher; Secretary, Maurice L. Asher; Treas- urer, S. Bromberg1; S. Abrahams, L. Friedman, J. Diller, A. Fleishman. Board meeting last Sunday of the month. Members, 65. Services: Friday, 7.30 p.m.; Saturday, DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 235

Portland (continued). 9.30 a. m. Religious School, Sunday, 9.30 a. m. Pupils, 71. Annual income, about $1650. Auxiliary Society, Ladies' Aid Society. [CONGREGATION] BETH ISBAEL. Founded 1863. Rabbi, Jacob Bloch, M. A., LL. D. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, S. Blumauer; First Vice-President, S. J. Mayer; Second Vice-President, B. Selling; Secretary, J. Strauss; Treasurer, S. Rosenblatt; Trustees: J. Kraemer, H. Metzger, S. Lowengard. Board meeting first Sunday of the month. Members, 110. Services: Friday, 7.30 p.m.; Sabbath, 10 a.m. Religious School: Sabbath and Sunday morning, 9.30 to 12 a. m. Pupils, 120. Annual income, $5250. Auxiliary Societies: Judith Montefiore, Patrons of the Sunday School. B'NAI B'EITH CEMETERY, Boone's Ferry Road, adjoining Greenwood Cemetery. Founded May 14, 1882. Presi- dent, H. Bories; Secretary, S. Mitchell. Board of Trus- tees: H. Bories, S. Mitchell, N. Goodman. Members, 57 (all the members of Oregon Lodge, No. 65, I. O. B. B.). Supported by Oregon Lodge. *FIRST HEBREW BENEVOLENT ASSOCIATION, 350% Morrison. Meets first Sunday. President, L. H. Lewis; Secretary, S. Blumauer. FIEST LADIES' HEBREW BENEVOLENT SOCIETY. Founded May 24, 1874. Officers: President, Mrs. A. Meier; Vice- President, Mrs. J. Durkheimer; Secretary, Mrs. Ben. Selling, 434 Main Street; Treasurer, Mrs. Charles Kohn. Board of Trustees: Mrs. N. Baum, Mrs. F. Steinhardt, Mrs. H. Meyers, Mrs. S. Friedenthal, Mrs. Mendelson, Mrs. J. Oppenheimer. Members, 122. Annual income, $1079. Organization meets last Tuesday in May, August, November, February. Objects: To administer relief to the poor and the sick, and to prepare the dead for interment. * [CONGREGATION] NEVBH ZEDEK. [CONGEEGATION] TALMUD TOBAH. Founded November, 1895. Reader, N. Mosessohn. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, M. Simon; Vice-President, Wm. Fast; Treas- urer, I. Friedman; Secretary, S. Kafka, 260 First Street. Board of Directors: Phil. F.Rogoway, D.Miller, L.Fogel, A. Michael, I. Savaransky, S. Rogoway, S. Sevirsky. Board meeting fourth Sunday of the month. Members, 50. Services, 7 p. m. and 9 a. m. Religious School, 3 p. m. daily. Pupils, about 35. Annual income, about $1000. 236 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAK BOOK

PENNSYLVANIA Altoona ALTOONA HEBREW REFORM CONGREGATION, 13th Avenue and 15th Street. Founded May, 1874. Rabbi, Henry Klein, 1123 16th Avenue. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, A. Scheeline; Vice-President, J. Blumenthal; Secretary, H. Slutzker; Treasurer, B. Cohn; Trustees: S. Bendheim, S. Rogger, J. Weil. Board meeting- third Sunday of the month. Members, 40. Services: Friday, 8 p. m., and alternate Sunday lectures; also Saturday morning- Children's Service. Religious School: Sunday, 10 to 11.30 a. m. Pupils, 48. Annual income, $1600. Auxiliary Societies: Ladies' Temple Aid Society, Benev- olent Society. *HEBREW CEMETERY, Washington Avenue, one mile from city limits. •HEBREW ORTHODOX CONGREGATION, 17th, between 13th and 14th Avenues. Rabbi, Simon Horwitz. Services: Fri- day, 7 p. m.; Saturday, 5 and 8 p. m. Braddock *MONTEEIORE ASSOCIATION. Bradford * [CONGREGATION] BETH ZION. *YOITNG MEN'S HEBREW ASSOCIATION. Chester *CONGREGATION. Danville * [CONGREGATION] B'NE ZION. Rabbi, Adolph Mayer. Erie ANSHE CHESED REFORM CONGREGATION. Founded 1861. Rabbi, Simon Peiser, 324 W. 9th Street. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, Isador Sobel; Vice-Presi- dent, D. Schlosser; Treasurer, J. Davis; Secretary, B. M. Baker, 421 W. 6th Street; Trustees: J. Ostheimer, I. Baker, N. Cohen, A. Simon, N. Jacobson. Board meeting first Sunday of the month. Members, 30. Services: Friday, 7.30 p.m.; Saturday (Children's Service), 10.30 a. m. Religious School, Sunday, 10 a. m. Pupils, 48. Annual income, $2000. Auxiliary Societies: Hebrew Ladies' Auxiliary Society (President, Mrs. F. Winters); Temple Aid (President, Miss Weiler); Willing Workers (President, Milton Winters). DIRECTOEY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 237

Harrisburg1 [CONGREGATION] CHISUK EMUNA, Filbert Street and North Avenue. Founded January 25, 1883. Officers: President, I. Shneidman; Vice-President, N. Brenner; Secretary, H. Kadish, 505 Walnut Street. Board of Trustees: S. Cooper, S. Coplinki, A. Abramson, M. Garonzik, S. Mich- aelovitch. Members, 44. Annual income, $264. Board meeting every two weeks. * [CONGREGATION] OHEV SHOLEM, N. Second Street. Rabbi, Samuel Friedman. Honesdale * [CONGREGATION] BETH ISRAEL. *[CONGREGATION] SHERITH ISRAEL. Lancaster * [CONGREGATION] CHISEK AMOUNA, north side Locust near Rockland. Rabbi, Jacob D. Levy. Services, Saturday, 8 a. m. and 4 p. m. [CONGREGATION] DEGGEL ISRAEL, 514 Chester. Founded Sep- tember 23, 1895. Officers and Board of Trustees: Presi- dent, Isaac Golden; Vice-President, H. Conter; Secretary, I. Leon Lyman: Trustees: Philip Ferman, Alex. Fore- man. Board meeting second Sunday of the month. Members, 24. Services daily. Annual income, about $200. LADIES' HEBREW BENEVOLENT SOCIETY. Founded 1877. Officers: President, Mrs. Al. Rosenstein; Secretary, Mrs. Morris Gershel; Treasurer, Mrs. E. M. Cohn. Members, 30. Annual income, $90. Organization meets second Tuesday of the month. [CONGREGATION] SHAIRY SHOMAIM. Founded 1855. Rabbi, Isidor Rosenthal. Officers: President, E. M. Cohn; Vice- President, Jacob Selig; Treasurer, Monroe B. Hirsh; Secretary, A. Albert, 59 N. Queen Street. Board of Trustees: A. Rosenheim, M. Rosenthal, A. Gansman. Members, 48. Annual income, $3000. Board meeting last Thursday of the month. Organization meets in Nisan and Ellul. The cemetery, given in trust by Joseph Simon and Nunes Ricas, recorded in 1747, is kept up by this Congregation.

Meadville .MEADVILLE HEBREW SOCIETY. Founded 1868. Officers: President, Just. M. Ohlman; Vice-President, G. Hil- broner; Secretary, M. H. Reefer. Members, 9. Objects: 238 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAE BOOK

Meadville (continued). Religious, and to bury the dead and give general relief. The society owns nothing but a scroll.

Philadelphia [CONGREGATION] ADATH JESHTJRUN, Seventh and Columbia Avenue. Founded 1860. Rabbi, Henry Iliowizi, 1635 W. 33d Street; Assistant, A. Gross. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, Edw. L. Rothschild; Vice-Presi- dent, B. Loewenstein; Secretary, Louis Sickles; Treas- urer, A. Kaufman. Trustees: H. H. Ginsberg, J. Singer, A. Wise, W. Eckstein, A. Hanstein, L. Meyerhoff, M. L. Block, M. Brylawski, G. Lipschitz, S. Krieges, S. Rogasnes, J. Silberman, P. Steinberg, G. Sickles. Board meeting monthly. Members, 160. Services: Friday, 8 p. m., with lecture; Saturday, 10 a, m. Religious School: Saturday, 9 to 10 a. m.; Sunday, 10 to 12 a. m.; Tuesday and Thursday, 5 to 6 p. m. Pupils, 150. Bar-Mitzvah class taught by the rabbi. Annual income, about $9000. Auxiliary Societies: " Our Students of Jewish History " and " The Sisterhood of Adath Jeshurun." [CONGBEGATION] ANSHE NISHIN, 754 S. 3d Street. Founded 1888. Rabbi, Dr. Moharam. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, William. Finkelstein; Vice-Presi- dent, Michael Green; Secretary, Rev. David G. Krachok, 218 Lombard Street; Treasurer, Samuel Kohn; Trustees: Solomon Franz, B. Berg-er and Jacob Steiman. Congre- gation meets every Sunday evening. Members, 100; seatholders, 40. Services: Morning, noon and sundown daily, and Saturdays and holidays. Annual income, about $2500. Auxiliary Society, Chevra Kadisha. [CONGREGATION] AHAVATH CHESED, ANSHE SHAVIL, 322 Bain- bridge Street. Founded 1888. Rabbi, Dr. A. H. Erschler. Chazan, P. JafEe. Officers and Board of Trustees: Presi- dent, S. Smilik; Vice-President, V. J. Gluckman; Secre- tary, J. Kramer; Treasurer, Philip Ginsberg; Trustees: D. Rosenthal, A. Caplan. Congregation meets the second Sunday of the month. Members, 117. Services: daily, Saturday and holidays. Auxiliary Societies: Chevra Kadisha, Chevra Thillim. ASSOCIATION OF JEWISH IMMIGRANTS. Founded October 5, 1884. Officers: President, Louis E. Levy; Vice-President, Abraham Kauffman; Treasurer, Samuel S. Fels; Sec- retary, Charles Hoffman, 729 Walnut Street. Board of Trustees: L. W. Steinbach, Andrew Kaas, Bernard Har- DIEECTOEY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 239 Philadelphia (comtimied). ris, Leon Dalsemer, Jacob Miller, A. M. Frechie. Mem- bers, 77. Annual income, $839.49. Board meeting first Thursday of the month. Organization meets first Sun- day in November. Objects: To protect Jewish immigrants arriving1 at this port; to facilitate their reaching their destination and relatives in this country, and to aid them. 2079 Jewish immigrants arrived at this port, November 1, 1897 to November 1, 1898. [CONGREGATION] B'NAI ABRAM, 521 Lombard Street. Founded 1882. Eabbi, B. L. Levinthal; Assistant, M. Greenblat. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, Simon Borowsky; Vice-President, J. Eosenberg; Secretary, Louis Vershowsky; Treasurer, Max Levy. Congrega- tion meets first and third Sunday in month. Members, 200; seatholders, 225. Services: daily, Saturday and holidays. Auxiliary Societies: Chevra Kadisha, for burial of dead; Chevra Thillim, for the study of the Talmud. [CHEBRA] B'NAI ISRAEL, corner Tulip and William Streets. Founded 1873. Eabbi, Nathan Brenner. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, Eeuben Mitefsky; Vice- President, Isaac B. Friedman; Treasurer, Isaac Satin- sky; Secretary, Mayer Friedenberg. Board of Trustees: William Appelroth, Harris Cohen, Morris Harris, Harris Arkowicz. Board meeting first and third Sunday of the month. Members, 25. Services: 6 a. m., 6 p. m.; Sabbath and holidays, 7 a. m. Annual income, $700. * [CONGREGATION] B'NAI ISRAEL. Eabbi, Benjamin Bloch. [CONGREGATION] B'NAI ISRAEL, 922 S. 4th Street. Eabbi, B. L. Levinthal. Officers and Board of Trustees: Presi- dent, B. Davidson; Vice-President, Isaac Kovler; Sec- retary, M. Seltzer; Treasurer, B. Gutman. Members, 150; seatholders, 150. [CONGREGATION] B'NAI EEUBEN, 620 Addison Street. Founded 1886. Eabbi, B. L. Levinthal; Chazan, Jacob Singer- mann. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, B. Stollberg, 527 S. 4th Street; Vice-President, B. Stein- berg; Secretary, Aaron Frank, 620 Eodman Street; Treasurer, M. Bernstein. Members, 150; seatholders, 200. Services: daily, Saturdays and holidays. [CHEBRA KADISHA] B'RITH SHALOM, in a hall S. W. corner 6th and Girard Avenue. Founded 1890. Chazan, Isidore Cohen; President, Isaac Langfeld; Vice-President, 240 AMEEICAN JEWISH YEAE BOOK

Philadelphia (continued). Abraham Rothschild; Treasurer, Isaac Berlizheimer; Secretary, Morris Morje, S. E. corner Randolph and Noble. Trustees: Nathan Cohen, Kauffman Odenheimer, Bernard Kahn, Samuel Gotlob, Louis Sternberg. Board meets for sale of seats Sunday before Pesach and Eosh ha-Shanah. Chebra meets first Sunday of the month. Members, 35. Services: Friday evening and Saturday morning, all holidays. Income, $500. *DOWN TOWN HOME FOR HEBREW ORPHANS, 1603 S. 3d Street. President, Simon Katan; First Vice-President, Philip Fried; Second Vice-President, M. Sussman; Eecording Secretary, Charles Selzer; Financial Secretary, M. S. Posner; Treasurer, J. L. Bronski; 15 directors. Inmates, 23. Annual income, about $5000.

* [CONGREGATION] EMUNATH ISRAEL OHEB SHOLOM, corner Fifth and Gaskill Streets. Founded 1880. Eabbi, Simon Englander; Chazan, Leo Fried; President, Moritz Weiss; Vice-President, M. Weinberger; Treasurer, S. M. Greene- wald; Secretary, Jonas Manheim, 733 South Street. *FEMALE HEBREW BENEVOLENT SOCIETY. Founded 1820. President, Mrs. A. S. Wolf; Vice-President, Mrs. Jos. Newhouse; Treasurer, Mrs. Edward H. Weil; Secretary, Mrs. Allen Mitchell. Income, $500. Object: The support of poor families. FRANKLIN CLUB. President, A. Powdermaker; Secretary, A. Schloss, 1934 York Street. THE GEATZ COLLEGE, Seventh Street above Arch. Founded 1893. Officers: President, Moses A. Dropsie; Treasurer, Charles J. Cohen; Secretary, ; Substitute Secretary, Abraham S. Wolf Eosenbach, 1409 N. 18th Street. Board of Trustees: Moses A. Dropsie, Horace A. Nathans, Dr. S. Solis-Cohen, Gratz Mordecai, Samuel M. Hyneman, A. M. Frechie, Hon. Mayer Sulzberger, Dr. Cyrus Adler, Charles J. Cohen. Annual income, $8000; fund, $150,000. Board meeting quarterly. Ob- ject: " A college for the education of Jews residing in the city and county of Philadelphia." The purpose is to disseminate the knowledge of Jewish history, the Hebrew language, Jewish literature, and the Jewish religion, and especially to afford training for teachers in Jewish schools. Founded through the benevolence of Hyman Gratz, who executed a deed to the Kahal Kadosh Mickve Israel of Philadelphia, in trust for the establishment of the Gratz College. Three courses of DIRECTOKY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 241

Philadelphia {continued). lectures have been delivered under its auspices: Febru- ary, 1895, six lectures on Rabbinic Theology, by S. Schechter, M. A. 1895-96, seven lectures: Italian Jewish Literature, by Sabato Morais, LL. D.; The History and Future of the Text of the Talmud, by M. Jastrow, Ph. D.; Jewish Physicians and the Contributions of Jews to the Science of Medicine, by A. Friedenwald, M. D.; The Psalms as Prayers, by K. Kohler, Ph. D. (these four printed in the Publications of the Gratz College, I); The Site of Paradise and the Babylonian Nimrod Epic, by Professor Paul Haupt, Ph.D.; The Hygienic Laws of the Jews, by Solomon Solis-Cohen, M. D., and The Jewish Calendar, by Cyrus Adler, Ph. D. 1896-97, six lectures on the Philosophy of Judaism, by Joseph Jacobs. THE HEBREW CHAKITY BALL ASSOCIATION. Founded 1853. Officers: President, Ely K. Selig; Vice-President, Leo Loeb; Treasurer, Alfred Curtin Hirsh; Secretary, Benj. F. Teller. Members, 95. Income, $24,287.50 from ball February 7, 1899. Annual meeting first Sunday of October. Object: To hold an annual ball or other entertainment in aid of such Jewish Charities of the city of Philadelphia as the Association may designate. HEBHEW EDUCATION SOCIETY OF PHILADELPHIA, Touro Hall, 10th and Carpenter Streets. Founded March 19, 1848. Officers: President, Benjamin Wolf; Vice-President, Ephraim Lederer: Treasurer, Gabriel Blum; Secretary, D. Sulzberger. Board of Officers: Louis E. Levy, Mrs. Horace A. Nathans, Mrs. H. S. Louchheim, Samuel M. Hyneman, David W. Amram, William B. Rosskam, An- drew Kaas, Mrs. Eva Coons, Maurice Bamberger, Louis Gerstley, Jacob Muhr, Mrs. Florence K. Liveright, Ben- jamin W. Fleisher, Jr., Edward Wolf. Honorary Life Members of the Board of Officers: Moses A. Dropsie, Isaac Rosskam. Members, 348. Annual income, $9000. Board meeting second Sunday of the month. Organiza- tion meets second Sunday of March. Objects: Instruc- tion in Day Schools: No. 1, 1204 Germantown Avenue; No. 2, Touro Hall, 10th and Carpenter Streets; No. 3, 2854-56-58 Weikel Street, in Hebrew. At Touro Hall are: Night School for instruction in English branches, dress- making, millinery, garment-cutting, cigar-making, shorthand, and typewriting; free baths, a reading-room and a circulating library; meeting place of the Baron de Hirsch committee and office of its Employment 16 242 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAE BOOK

Philadelphia (continued). Bureau (open 8 to 10 a.m. and 4 to 6 p.m. on week days; agent, George Goward); class rooms of the He- brew Sunday School and the Sewing School. The hall has a seating capacity of 600. No charges for the use of the building and no entrance fees to the entertainments. The Society owns Touro Hall, which cost $52,000, and its school house on Weikel Street. Endow- ment fund, $27,000. HEBREW LITERATURE SOCIETY, 226 Catherine Street. Founded February 15, 1885. Officers: President, Dr. L. Gartman; Vice-President, M. Wachs; Eecording Secretary, Michael Silvert, 121 Pemberton Street; Financial Secretary, Sam. Levenberg. Board of Trustees: Ch. Guttis, S. Blanck, J. Eostow, B. D. Tierkel, H. Moscow, Lewis Handler. Members, 200. Annual income, from $600 to $700. Board meeting twice a month. Organization meets first Sunday of the month. Object: To afford to Russian- Jewish immigrants opportunity to read books in those languages in which they were educated. The books in the library of the society are in Hebrew, Eussian, Eng- lish and Jargon. Courses of lectures in the English language are delivered on Jewish and general topics. HEBREW SUNDAY SCHOOL, SOCIETY OF PHILADELPHIA. Founded 1838. Officers: President, Mrs. J. H. Rubin; Vice-President, Mrs. Washington Lieber; Treasurer, Mrs. Max Greenbaum; Secretary, Mrs. Henry Hahn, 1403 N. 19th Street; Corresponding Secretary, Mrs. Wm. Miller. Board of Managers: The above with Miss Min- nie Mayer, Mrs. Lee Lowengrund, Mrs. I. H. Rosenbach, Mrs. Simon Kirschbaum, Mrs. Louis A. Teller, Mrs. Morris Bamberger, Mrs. Isidore Schwartz, Mrs. Bene- dict Gimbel, Mrs. Alfred Mayer; Honorary Member, Miss Rebecca Moss. There are two vacancies in the Board. Members and patrons, about 300. Board meeting quarterly. Organization meets last Sunday in October. Objects: Eeligious instruction and moral training. [CONGREGATION] HOUSE OF ISRAEL, N. 8th Street above Master Street. Founded June 12, 1840. Eabbi, Menahem M. Eichler; Assistant, Chazan, Victor Eosenstein. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, Charles Hoffman, Esq., 729 Walnut Street; Isaac Cohn, Albert Abraham, Geo. Rosenbaum, Julius Blankensee, S. Baerncopf, Abe Rosenblatt, Isaac Salinger, Ben Sailer, Abr. Sailer, DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 243

Philadelphia {continued). Simon Jacoby. Board meeting first Sunday of the month. Members and seatholders, 150. Services: Sat- urday, 10 a.m.; during summer, 9 a.m.; Friday, 7.45 p.m.; during summer, 6 p.m. Religious School: Satur- day, 9 to 10 a. m.; Sunday, 10 to 12 a. m. Pupils, 152. Auxiliary Societies: Daughters of Beth Israel, Select Class, Normal Class, Sewing Circle. INDEPENDENT CHEVRA KADISHA, 809 S. 5th Street. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, Jos. Hirschman; Vice-President, Marcus Goldman; Secretary, Louis Vershowsky; Treasurer, Morris Goldman. Members, 2200. Object: Free burial for poor. Supported by dues and contributions. THE JEWISH FOSTER HOME AND ORPHAN ASYLUM OP PHILA- DELPHIA, Church Lane (formerly Mill Street). Char- tered March 12, 1866. Officers: President, Leo Loeb; Vice-President, Marcus Katz; Secretary, Benjamin F. Teller, 606 Chestnut Street; Treasurer, Jacob Miller. Board of Managers: Penrose Fleisher, William Gerstley, Edward Wolf, Clarence Wolf, Sol. Blumenthal, Levi Mayer, Simon L. Bloch, Morris Liveright, A. Bacharach, Isaac Blum, Meyer Frank, Morris May, Alfred Curtin Hirsh, Harry A. Jeitles, Simon Kohn, Moses H. Wiener. Associate Board of Managers: Mrs. Eva Coons, Mrs. Morris May, Mrs. Jacob Kaufman, Mrs. Isaac Rosskam, Mrs. A. Rosenbaum, Mrs. Isaac Sailer, Mrs. Isidor Bins- wanger, Mrs. William W. Miller, Mrs. Fannie Muhr, Mrs. M. M. Newman, Mrs. Simon Pfaelzer, Mrs. H. L. Strouse, Miss E. Bomeisler, Miss Esther Baum, Mrs. B. H. Feustman, Mrs. Henry Hahn, Mrs. Louis Fleisher, Mrs. N. E. Schoeneman. Members, patrons and donors, 1295. Annual income, per Treasurer's report at close of fiscal year (April 30, 1899), $28,152.01. Board meeting second Sunday of the month. Organization meets last Sunday in April. THE JEWISH HOSPITAL ASSOCIATION OF PHILADELPHIA, Old York Road and Olney Road. Founded 1865. Officers: President, William B. Hackenburg; Vice-President, Hon. Mayer Sulzberger; Treasurer, August B. Loeb; Secre- tary, Ephraim Lederer, 1001 Chestnut; Corresponding Secretary, Herman Jonas, 1007 Market. Honorary Di- rectors: Hon. Mayer Sulzberger, Simon A. Stern, Simon I. Kohn, Max Liveright, Simon B. Fleisher, H. B. Blu- menthal. Directors: Jacob Wiener, Benjamin Wolf, August Wise, Abram M. Kohn, Samuel D. Lit, Dr. Lewis 244 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

Philadelphia (continued). W. Steinbach, Joseph L. Greenwald, Isidore Langsdorf, Henry Fernberger, David Kirschbaum, Maurice Bam- berger, Morris Rosenbaum. Members, about 1250. An- nual income, about $35,000. Board meeting first Sunday of the month. Organization meets last Sunday in May. Objects: Maintenance of hospital and dispensary for the sick and home for aged and infirm Israelites, and a home for incurables. THE JEWISH MATERNITY ASSOCIATION, 532 'and 534 Spruce Street. Founded November 3, 1873. Officers: Presi- dent, Mrs. Julia G. Arnold, 2009 Mount Vernon Street; Vice-President, Mrs. Joseph Louchheim, 715 N. 6th Street; Secretary, Mrs. S. Belle Conn, 730 Arch Street; Treasurer, Benjamin F. Teller, 606 Chestnut Street. Board of Trustees: Mrs. J. Leonard Levy, Mrs. Myer Behal, Mrs. Martin L. Wolf, Isaac Herzberg, Isaac Leo- pold, M. D., M. S. Meyerhoff, Mrs. J. M. Engel, Mrs. Charles de Young, Mrs. Abe Herzberg, Mrs. E. Meyer- hoff, Mrs. Lorenz R. Schwerin, Mrs. Henrietta Casper; Honorary Member, Mrs. Esther Amram. Members, 725 Maternity, and 500 Seaside Home. Annual income, $6393.- 41 Maternity, and $2212.37 Seaside Home. Board meeting third Sunday of each month. Organization meets first Sunday in January. Objects: To care for poor Jewish women during confinement, conduct clinics for diseases of women and children, conduct a nursery for mother- less Jewish infants less than one year old, and training school for nurses. The Association also operates the Jewish Seaside Home for invalid women and children at Atlantic City, N. J. (which see). JEWISH SHELTERING HOME FOE THE HOMELESS AND AGED (HACHNOSAS ORCHIM U-MOSHAV Z'KEINIM), 218 Lombard Street. Founded November 16, 1890. Officers: Presi- dent, Mrs. Lizzie Rachmil; First Vice-President, Mrs. Bessie Puck; Second Vice-President, Mrs. Dora Prinz; Treasurer, Mrs. Fanny Werner; Secretary and Superin- tendent, Rev. D. G. Krachok. Members, 600. Annual income, $3334.75. Board meeting every Monday evening. Organization meets first Sunday in the month. Object: To lodge the homeless and shelter the aged. Over 30,000 strangers have been taken care of since the institution was established. The Home for the Aged was opened in 1898. [REFORM CONGREGATION] KENESETH ISHAEL, Broad Street above Columbia Avenue. Founded March 21, 1847. DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 245 Philadelphia (continued). Rabbi, Dr. Jos. Krauskopf, 124 E. Upsal Street, German- town; Associate Rabbi, J. Leonard Levy, 1828 N. 16th Street; Reader, Wm, Armhold, 1723 N. 16th Street. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, Daniel Merz; Vice-President, Morris Newburger, Treasurer, Jos. Louchheim; Secretary, Elias Braunschweig; A. Kaufman, A. Kohn, Sol. Blumenthal, Leon Dalsimer, Jos. Loeb, S. B. Fleisher, A. Gans, A. M. Klein, M. Live'right, Leop. Bamberger, H. S. Friedman, M. H. Stern, B. F. House- man, Sam'l Snellenburg, L. M. Leberman. Board meeting fourth Thursday of the month. Members, 546. Services: Saturday and Sunday, 10.30 a. m. Religious School, Sunday from 2 to 4 p. m. Pupils, 460. Annual income, $32,000. Auxiliary Societies: Post-Confirmation Class, The Jewish Literature Class, The Current Liter- ature Class, the " Free Public " Library and Reading Room, Congregational Singing Class, Temple Sewing Circle. All these societies are located in the Temple. "The Weekly Bulletin" of Keneseth Israel—in its fourth season—is distributed in the school and congregation, free of charge, every Saturday and Sunday, and in the library during the week. The Sunday Lectures are distributed free of charge in the Temple, among all who attend the services. A special edition, entitled " Our Pulpit," now in its thirteenth year, is published by the Sexton, Oscar Rlonower. * [CONGREGATION] KESHER ISRAEL, 412 Lombard Street. Founded 1888. Chazan, Mordecai Shatz; President, M. Rikin, 1202 South Street; Secretary, S. Wachsman, 620 S. Fourth Street. MERCANTILE LITERARY AND SOCIAL CLUB, Broad above Mas- ter. President, Clarence Wolf; Secretary, Aaron E. Greenewald, 226 Church. [KAHAL KADOSH] MICKVE ISRAEL, Seventh Street, between Arch and Cherry. Continuous records from March 24, 1782, with references to earlier meetings. Hazan, Leon H. Elmaleh. Officers and Board of Trustees: Parnas, A. M. Frechie; Parnas Sheni, S. M. Hyneman; Treasurer, William Morris; Recording Secretary, Isaac Feinberg; Corresponding Secretary, Walter M. Steppacher. Ad- junta: Horace A. Nathans, Charles J. Cohen, J. E. Hyne- man, P. Hammerschlag, Andrew Kaas, Meyer S. Frechie. Board meeting Sunday preceding Rosh Hashanah; second Sundays of Sivan, Adar and Kislev. Members: 300 seatbolders, of whom about 100 are members of the 246 AMEEICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK Philadelphia (contvmed). corporation. Services: Friday evening before sundown; Saturday, 9 a. m.; and Saturday afternoons and evenings, according to the season of the year; Yom Kippur at 7 in the morning; all other holidays same as Satur- day. Religious School: Tuesday and Thursday from 4.30 to 5.30 p.m.; Sunday, 10 to 12 a, m. Pupils, 67. Cemeteries: Spruce between 8th and 9th; Federal between 11th and 12th; Market and 55th. Auxiliary Societies: Mickve Israel Association, a literary society giving entertainments, courses of lectures and conduct- ing advanced Bible class. See also Gratz College. [CHEBBA] OREI HACHAIM, 3d Street above Noble. Founded 1890. President, Benjamin Alter; Vice-President, Jacob Frimmel; Treasurer, Louis Wiesen; Secretary, Michael Ost, 422 N. 2d Street. Board meeting first and third Sunday. Members, 70. Services daily, 6 a. m. and 7 p. m.; Friday at sunset, and Saturday and holidays at 8 a. m. Income about $600. ORPHANS' GUARDIANS. Founded March 15, 1860. President, Arnold Kohn; Vice-President, Daniel Merz; Treasurer, M. C. Hirsch; Secretary, Samuel W. Goodman, 116 N. Third Street. Directors: Leon Dalsimer, A. M. Kohn, Hyman Herzberg, David Strauss, Morris Newburger and Morris Liveright. Members, 450. Annual income, about $7000. Board meeting monthly. Organization meets in May of each year. Object: To foster orphans of Jewish faith, place them with respectable Jewish families, care for their education and enable them to enjoy the benefits of family life. THE PHARISEES. Founded January, 1896. Secretary, Mau- rice N. Weyl, 112 N. 12th Street. Members, 23. Meet- ings fortnightly. Objects: The discussion of questions of Jewish interest, literary, historical and practical. PROGRESS CLUB, 1417 Diamond Street. President, David Netter; Vice-President, Chas. Shoyer; Treasurer, Jacob Mann; Secretary, Wm. Strauss, 417 Arch. [CONGREGATION] RODEPH SHALOM, Broad and Mt. Vernon Streets. Founded 1800. Rabbi Emeritus, Dr. M. Jas- trow, 139 W. Upsal Street; Rabbi, Dr. H. Berkowitz, 1539 N. 33d Street; Reader, Wm. Loewenberg, 1424 N. 7th Street. Officers and Board of Trustees: Honorary Presi- dent, David Teller; Honorary Vice-President, Meyer Frank; President, Benjamin F. Teller; Vice-President, Emil Selig; Treasurer, Wm. Gerstley; Secretary, Isaac DIEECTOEY OF LOCAL OEGANIZATIONS 247

Philadelphia (continued). Hessler, 522 Walnut; Directors: H. B. Blumenthal, Penrose Fleisher, Chas. Heidelberger, Alfred Curtin Hirsh, Abe Hirsh, Adolph Hess, Henry Jonas, Joseph Koch, H. S. Louchheim, Isidor Langsdorf, Leo Loeb, Levi Mayer, Jacob Miller, Adolph I. Eosenheim, Edward Wolf, Clarence Wolf. Board meeting first Tuesday of the month. Services: Fridays, 6 p.m.; Saturdays, 10.30 a. m. Eeligious School, Saturday from 9.30 a. m. to 10.15 a. m. Pupils, 300; 150 in Bible Class. Annual income, $23,000. All auxiliary work done under congregational committees. [CONGBEGATION] SONS OF HALBERSTAM, 926 New Market Street. Founded 1887. Eabbi, D. Greiwer, 1227 N. 2d Street. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, N. Busch; Vice-President, M. Eaap; Treasurer, Jos. Fried- man; Secretary, D. Greiwer. Board meeting second and fourth Sundays. Members, 90. Services: daily, 6.30 a.m. and 6 p.m.; Saturdays and holidays, 9 a.m. and 7 p. m. *TALMUD TORAH, 314 Catherine Street. Founded 1892. Presi- dent, Philip Werner; Vice-President, H. Cohen; Secre- tary, D. A. Friedman, 314 Catherine Street. Income, $3000. Members, 400. Object: To teach poor children religion, Bible and Hebrew language. [CHEBRA] THILLIM, 2244 William Street. Founded 1883. Eabbi, Benjamin Bloch. President, Elias Lemberg; Vice- President, Nathan Brody; Treasurer, David Kessler; Secretary, Morris Friedman. Meetings alternate Sun- days. Members, 44. Services: 6 a. m., 6 to 7 p. in.; Saturday and holidays, 7.30 a. m. Eosh ha-Shanah and Kippur services in the Hebrew Educational Society school house, 2854-2858 Weikel Street. Income, $500. THE UNITED HEBREW CHARITIES OF PHILADELPHIA, 636 N. 6th Street. Founded 1869. President, Max Herzberg; First Vice-President, Marx B. Loeb; Second Vice-Presi- dent, Abraham M. Kohn; Treasurer, Henry Hirsh; Secretary, Louis Wolf, 506 Minor Street; Assistant Secretary, Jacob Lonnerstadter. Managers: J. J. Eice, Barney Selig, Myer Behal, Morris Alkus, Joseph Louchheim, Ludwig Leberman, Jacob Henly, Moses Hirschler, A. M. Klein, Isidore Langsdorf, Wm. Gerstley, David Strauss. Members, 513. Annual income, $35,000. Board meeting Monday evening. Organization meets first gunday after Yom Kippur. 248 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAE BOOK

Philadelphia (continued). YOUNG MEN'S HEBREW ASSOCIATION, 933 N. Broad Street. Founded May 12, 1875. Officers: President, David Werner Amram, 1517 N. 6th Street; Vice-President, Adolph Eich- holz; Treasurer, Edward Wolf; Recording Secretary, Jacob Bauer, 933 N. Broad Street; Corresponding Sec- retary, Isaac Hassler. Directors: Edward Brylawski, Benjamin W. Fleisher, Jr., Dr. Lee K. Frankel, Dr. Samuel J. Gittelson, Max Herzberg, Alexander Hoff- man, Ephraim Lederer, Harry Nusbaum, Dr. Lewis W. Steinbach, Oscar B. Teller, Jacob Weil, Albert Wolf. Honorary Directors: Hon. Mayer Sulzberger, Rev. Dr. M. Jastrow, Alfred Curtin Hirsh. Members (active and associate), 512; Women's Branch, 403. Annual income, $3000. Board meeting second Tuesday of the month. Organization meets second Wednesday of May. The Association is intended to be a centre of Jewish thought and discussion. The Associate Branch is a literary society, composed of members under 23 years of age. A prize of fifty dollars for the best essay on " The Scope of Authority of a Synod organized and acting under Jewish Law; its Influence and Practical Import- ance," has been offered. In May, 1900, the Association will celebrate its twenty-fifth anniversary. YOUNG WOMEN'S UNION OF PHILADELPHIA, 230 Pine Street. Founded February 5, 1885. Officers: President, Julia Friedberger; Vice-President, Helen Fleisher; Treasurer, May Fleisher; Recording Secretary, Leah Abeles; Cor- responding Secretary, Merle Friedenwald, 915 N. 16th Street. Board of Trustees: Rosena Fels, Gertrude Berg, Grace Feustman, Salvena Shloss, Leah Heller, Diana Hirshler, Bertha Klein, Alice E. Jastrow, Henrietta Pfaelzer, Mrs. Morris Jastrow, Jr., Mrs. Jos. Feigel, Mrs. Chas. Gimbel, Mrs. Fannie Muhr, Mrs. A. B. Hirsh. Members, 1038. Annual income, $4714.22. Board meeting last Tuesday of the month. Organization meets third Sunday in April. Objects: Shelter, Day Nursery, Kindergarten, Sewing School and Library. Phoenixville *CONGEBGATION, 215 Church. Pittsburg * [CONGREGATION] AGUDAS ACHIM. Cantor, S. Stopsky. ^CONGREGATION] BETH JACOB. 73-75 Logan Street. Founded 1884. Cantor, Julius Bloom. Officers and Board of DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 349 Pittsimrg (continued). Trustees: President, D. S. Osgood; Vice-President, A. Rapport; Treasurer, Max Goldberg-; Trustees: H. Stein, Friedman, Reich and Rosenberg1; Secretary, Jacob Malachofsky, 138 Crawford Street. Board meeting every two weeks. Members, 62. Services three times daily. ' Annual income, about $2500. *CONCORDIA CLUB, 45 Stockton Avenue, Allegheny. President, B. Forst; Corresponding Secretary, Emanuel Grafner. CONGREGATION, 4th Avenue and Ross Street. Rabbi, S. Sal- linger. CONGREGATION, Washington Street near 5th Avenue. Rabbi, Ziwitz. CONGREGATION, Wylie Avenue near Fulton Street. Rabbi, Ziwitz. *J. M. GUSKT OBPHANAGE AND HOME. [CONGREGATION] RODEF SHOLEM, Eighth Street. Founded 1850. Rabbi, Dr. L. Mayer, Western Avenue, Allegheny; Assistant, David M. Lazarus. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, A. Lippman; Vice-President, Josiah Cohen; Treasurer, Meyer Joseph; Secretary, Chas. Zeugschmidt; Samuel Westheimer, Simon Kaufman, Phil. Hamburger, Louis Goldsmit, Morris Kingsbacher, Isaac Lehman, A. Klinordlinger and Sol. Kaufman. Board meeting first Sunday of the month. Members, 138; seatholders, 62. Services, Saturday, 10 a.m. Re- ligious School, Sunday, 9.30 a. m. Pupils, 211. Auxil- iary Societies meeting in our vestry rooms: United He- brew Relief Association, Ladies' Sewing Society, Gusky Home and Orphanage, Young Men's Hebrew Associa- tion. Hebrew Benevolent Society and Ladies' Aid Society. Lectures alternate Sundays from November to March. * [CONGREGATION] SHARE TORAH, 35 Townsend. Rabbi, Ziwitz. * [CONGREGATION] TREE OF LIFE, 4th Avenue and Ross. Rabbi, Michael Fried. *YOUNG MEN'S HEBREW ASSOCIATION. Pottsville *BETH ISRAEL SYNAGOGUE, Arch above 3d. Rabbi, Samuel Bernstein. * [CONGREGATION] SHAAR ZEDEK. Rabbi, Julius Hess. 250 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK Beading' MOUNT SINAI CEMETERY, Shillington, three miles southwest of Reading. Founded May 30, 1898. Officers: President, S. S. Schweriner; Secretary, Leopold Levi. Board of Trustees: Elias Schulhof, Jos. Goldsmith, L. Weitzen- korn, I. Mitchell. Members, 32. Board meeting monthly. The old cemetery, used since 1864, has been abandoned; 62 bodies have been removed to the new cemetery. [TEMPLE] OHEB SHOLOM, Chestnut Street, between 5th and 6th Streets. Founded May 1, 1864. Rabbi, Julius Frank, 844 Washington Street. Officers: President, S. S. Schweriner; Vice-President, Sol. Hirshland; Secre- tary, L. Levi; Treasurer, Philip Rosenbaum. Trustees: Eli Schulhof, Jos. Goldsmith, L. Weitzenkorn, I. Mitchell. Members, 32. Services: Friday, 7.30 p. m.; Saturday, 10 a. m. Religious School: Saturday, 11 to 12 a.m.; Sunday, 10 to 12 a.m. Pupils, 36. Auxiliary Society: Ladies' Aid Society. President, Mrs. S. S. Schweriner; Vice-President, Mrs. L. Adler; Secretary, Mrs. Eli Schulhof; Treasurer, Mrs. T. Cohen. * [CONGREGATION] SHOMRE; HABRITH, 533 N. 8th. Instituted 1888. Services: daily, Saturday, 8 to 11 a. m., 4 to 6 p. m. Rabbi, A. C. Leventhalm. Scranton [CONGREGATION] ANSHE CHESED, Linden near Franklin Ave- nue. Incorporated January 7, 1862. Rabbi, Edward M. Chapman. President, Simon Rice; Vice-President, Sol. Goldsmith; Treasurer, N. G. Goodman; Secretary, S. Sutto; E. Moses, W. Stern, L. Oettinger. Congregation meets February and August. Board meets second Sun- day of the month. Members, 43; seatholders, 30; contributors, 22. Pupils in Religious School, 40-50. [CONGREGATION] BANIE ISRAEL, NO. 1, 111 Hickory Street. Founded May 1, 1886. Rabbi, Sam. Garfinkel; Assistant, Juda Aronovitz. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, H. Turkovitz; Vice-President, Jacob Naiman; Secretary, W. Grauman, 848 Capanse Avenue; Trustees: P. Oslender, Israel Oram, Max Morris. Board meeting last Sunday of the month. Members, 125. Services: Saturdays, 8 a. m.; daily, 6 a. m. Annual income, $2800 to $3000. [CONGREGATION] BNAI ABRAHAM AND JACOB, 412 Pennsylvania Avenue. Founded 1888. Rabbi, Z. Evanson. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, N. Sura wit?. | YicerPresi- DIEECTOEY OF LOCAL OBGANIZATIONS 251

Scranton (continued). dent, D. Schloss; Secretary, N. Burke, 529 Raymond; Trustees: Z. Turcker, B. C. Levy, W. Kaplitzky. Board meeting Sunday after 10th and 20th of every month. Members, 60. Services: daily, 6.30 a.m.; holidays, 8 a.m.; Saturdays, 8 a.m.; evenings, 8 p.m. Religious School: Talmud Torah, 9 a. m., 2 p. m. daily. Pupils, 50. Annual income, $900. DEBORAH UNTERSTTTETZUNGS VERETN. Founded October 12, 1871. Officers: President, Mrs. Pauline Brown; Vice- President, Mrs. Sarah Nye; Treasurer, Mrs. M. Galien; Secretary, Mrs. Emma Ettlinger. Board of Trustees: Mrs. Rebecca Levy, Mrs. H. Craemer, Mrs. Carrie Good- man. Members, 49. Annual income, about $350. Board meeting last Wednesday of the month. Organization meets last Wednesday of every third month. Objects: To assist the poor, visit the sick and attend to wants of members. THE HEBREW LADIES' RELIEF SOCIETY. Founded January, 1891. Officers: President, Mrs. J. R. Cohen; Vice-Presi- dent, Mrs. R. Levy; Secretary and Treasurer, Mrs. Marie Simmons, 518 Adams Avenue. Board of Trus- tees: Mrs. Ben. Samter, Mrs. Jeff. Freeman. Members, 50. Annual income, about $300. Board meeting the first Thursday of the month. Organization meets first Thursday of the month. Object, charity. *YOUNG MEN'S HEBREW BENEFICIAL ASSOCIATION. Meets second and fourth Sunday afternoons in Heilbert's Hall. President, Myer Burke; Secretary, I. Greenberger, 24 Lackawanna Avenue. Titusville * [CONGREGATION] B'NAI ZION. Wilkes-Barre * [CONGREGATION] AZAU ALSHA. Secretary, M. Wasserstrom. [CONGREGATION] B'NAI B'RITH. Incorporated in Court of Common Pleas, 1848." Rabbi, M. Salzman. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, Samuel Hirsch; Vice- President, J. D. Coons; Treasurer, L. Levith; Secre- tary, A. Kline; Trustees: S. J. Strauss, Geo. Galland, M. Rosenbluth, Sam'l Walters, Leon Levy, Abe Marks. Board meeting once a month. Members, 85. Services: Friday, 7.30 p. m.; Saturday, 10 a. m. Religious School: Sunday, 10 a. m., except during the months of July and August. Pupils, nearly 200. Annual income, about $4500. 252 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAE BOOK Wilkes-Barre (continued). * [CONGREGATION] B'NAI JACOB, 59 S. Welles. Rabbi, Samuel Graf man; President, Simon Stakolsky; Secretary, Joseph Liebsohn; Treasurer, Jos. Rubinsky. Members, 85. Cemetery on Darling Street. HEBREW LADIES' AID SOCIETY. Founded October 6, 1893. Officers: President, Mrs. Simon Salsberg; Vice-Presi- dent, Mrs. Samuel Gottfried; Treasurer, Mrs. Jerome Meyers; Recording Secretary, Miss Mollie Rosenthal; Financial Secretary, Miss Fannie Salsberg. Members, 60. Annual income, $180. Organization meets last Sunday of the month. * [CONGREGATION] HOLCHE JOSHEK (Russian and Polish), 138 Lincoln. Rabbi, Abraham Rosenthal; President, Jacob Cohen; Secretary, Jacob Puplim; Treasurer, Solomon Singer. Members, 40. LADIES AUXILIARY (BENEVOLENT) Y. M. H. A. Founded March 5, 1888. Officers: President, Mrs. Joseph D. Coons, 275 S. River Street; Secretary, Miss Pamelia Con- stine, 51 Public Square. Members, 70. Annual income, about $1000. Organization meets first Tuesday of the month. *Y. M. H. A. Meets first Sundays at 9 N. Main. •Williamsport * [CONGREGATION] BETH HASHALOM, 107 Mulberry. Members, 15. Religious School pupils, 20. York *HEBREW ORTHODOX CONGREGATION, Codorus Hall, third floor, Palace of Amusement, West Market Street Bridge. Rabbi, Isaac Weinstock. Services, Saturday, 8 a. m. * [CONGREGATION] HOUSE OF ISRAEL, 3 W. Market Street. Reader of Services, Joseph Lebach. RHODE ISLAND Newport [CONGREGATION] JESHUAT ISRAEL (TOURO SYNAGOGUE). Founded 1658; reorganized June 13, 1894. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, Eugene Schreier, 143 Thames Street; Vice-President, Louis Hess; Trustees: J. Davidson, Henry Hess. Members, 20. Services, Fri- day evening and Saturday morning. Religious School, Sunday, 10 a. m. Pupils, 10. Annual income, from Judah Touro Ministerial Fund for Minister's Salary, DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 253

Newport (continued). $1200; from Abraham Touro fund for Synagogue, about $2100. The Abraham Touro fund is administered by the State, and the City Council of Newport is permitted to draw sufficient of the income to keep the Synagogue in repair. Providence *[CONGBEGATION] AGUDATH HAKOLEL, Shawmut Street. * [CONGREGATION] AGUDATH ZEDECK, 42 Robinson Street. *HEBBEW CEMETERY, Reservoir Avenue. * [CONGREGATION] ISRAEL, State Street. *LADIES' HEBREW UNION AID ASSOCIATION. *MONTEFIORE LADIES1 HEBREW BENEVOLENT ASSOCIATION. Meets second Wednesdays at Friendship, corner Foster. Secretary, Mrs. J. Eichenberg, 280 Point Street. * [CONGREGATION] SONS OF ISRAEL AND DAVID, Friendship, corner Foster Street. Rabbi, Bennett Grad. Secretary, M. L. Lyons. Auxiliary Society, Ladies' Association. *UNITED HEBREW CHARITIES. *YOUNG LADIES' HEBREW AID ASSOCIATION. *YOUNG MEN'S MOSES MONTEFIORE ASSOCIATION, Monteflore Hall, 93 N. Main Street. *YOUNG SONS OF ISRAEL. SOUTH Charleston *ALDINE ASSOCIATION. [CONGREGATION] BERITH SHALOM, east side St. Philip, south of Calhoun. President, G. Hoffman; Vice-President, S. Fass; Secretary, J. Minz; Treasurer, M. Marks. Reader, I. Lesser; Sexton, J. Kamnitzky. Cemetery, East Side, beyond limits. [K. K.] BETH ELOHIM. Founded 1791. Rabbi, Barnett A. Elzas. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, Morris Israel; Vice-President, S. S. Solomons; Secretary, J. L. Hart, 271 King Street; Trustees: Moses Lopez, L. L. Cohen, G. M. Pollitzer, J. N. Nathans, J. S. Pinkus- sohn. Board meeting first Sunday of the month. Mem- bers, 100. Services: Friday, at sundown; Saturday, 10.30 a.m. Religious School: Saturday, 9.30 a.m.; Sunday, 10 a, m. Pupils, 70. Annual income, $3700. Auxiliary Society, The Happy Workers; President, Miss Addie Solomons. 254 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAE BOOK

Charleston (continued). *HEBKEW BENEVOLENT SOCIETY. Meets quarterly at Har- mony Hall, Hasel, N. E. corner King. President, Mon- tagu Triest; Vice-President, S. S. Solomons; Secretary and Treasurer, M. Triest. HEBREW LADIES' BENEVOLENT SOCIETY, " ISBAEL'S HOPE." Founded August 15, 1869. Officers: President, Mrs. L. Elias; Vice-President, Mrs. E. Blank; Secretary and Treasurer, Mrs. H. Triest; Eecording Secretary, Mrs. J. M. Visanska, 2 Bull Street. Committee on Benevol- ence: Mrs. E. Blank, Mrs. L. Wetherhorn. Members, 63. Annual income, $285. Objects: To relieve the poor among the Jewish people, attend the sick, and prepare the dead for burial, according to Jewish rites. HEBBEW OBPHAN SOCIETY. Founded 1801. Officers: Presi- dent, H. H. De Leon; Vice-President, S. S. Solomons; Secretary and Treasurer, I. A. Goldsmith; Hall Keeper, Miss D. Fabian. Stewards: M. Triest, I. A. Goldsmith, L. L. Cohn. Annual income, $1575. Organization meets second Tuesday in December. Object: The educating, clothing and maintaining of orphan,s and children of indigent parents. The income of this society, by the provision of its by-laws, is cumulative, as 15 per cent, of its income each year is reserved for investment. Sumter *REXJGIOUS SCHOOL. Superintendent, Miss Caroline Moses. Five teachers. Sessions at Jewish Lecture Hall. Eev. Barnett A. Elzas, of Charleston, delivers lectures in the hall at intervals. TENNESSEE Brownsville * [CONGREGATION] ADAS ISRAEL. Chattanooga * [CONGREGATION] MIZPAH. Eabbi, L. Weiss. Knoxville [CONGREGATION] BETH EL. Meets first Sundays. President, E. Samuel; Vice-President, J. Spiro; Secretary, F. Heart; Treasurer, L. David. Members, 15. Pupils, 50. [CONGREGATION] HESKA EMUNNA, 502 Mabery Street. Founded 1891. Rabbi, I. Winick. Officers: President, L. Schwartz; Vice-President, H. Kreissman; Secretary, Sol. Kreiss- man; Treasurer, M. Deitch. Trustees: I. Valinsky, S. DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 255

Knoxville (continued). Yaffe, I. Coplen. Members, 25. Services, Friday evening and Saturday morning. Religious School daily. Pupils, 10. Annual income, $500. Auxiliary Society, Ohave Zion, 22 members. Memphis *BARON HIRSCH BENEVOLENT ASSOCIATION. Meets corner Washington and 4th Streets, first Sundays. President, F. Lowenberg; Vice-President, I. Lippman; Secretary, L. A. Cohen. *BABON HIRSCH TEMPLE, S. W. corner Washington and 4th. Reader, M. Springer. Services: Friday, 6 p.m.; Satur- day, 8 a. m. Religious School. *CHILDREN OF ISRAEL TEMPLE, Poplar, between 2d and 3d. Rabbi, M. Samfleld. Services: Friday, winter, 7.30, summer, 8 p. m.; Saturday, winter, 9.30 a. m., summer, 9 a, m. Religious School, Sunday, 9.30 a. in. *HEBREW LADIES' BENEVOLENT ASSOCIATION. Organized 1860. Meets at Poplar Street Temple, first Tuesdays. Presi- dent, Mrs. Henrietta Levy; Vice-President, Mrs. S. Sternberg; Secretary, Mrs. S. L. Lee; Treasurer, Mrs. H. Gronauer. *LADIES AID SOCIETY. Meets first Sundays at 152 Washing- ton. President, Miss Leah Buxbaum; Vice-President, Mrs. Rebecca Myers; Treasurer, Miss Henrietta Bam- berger; Secretary, Miss Florence Dreyfus. *MEMPHIS PURIM ASSOCIATION, Poplar Street Temple. Or- ganized 1895. President, Henry Bauer; Vice-President, Benj. Goodman; Secretary and Treasurer, J. M. Sam- field. Annual meeting in February. SALON CIRCLE, Rooms of Y. M. H. A. Founded 1890. Offi- cers: President, Miss Harriet Meyers; Vice-President, Mrs. Mark Davis; Secretary, Miss Natalie Danheiser, 137 Hernando Street; Treasurer, Mrs. Julius Felsenthal. Programme Committee: Chairman,Mrs. Leon Becker; Mrs. Geo. Hexter, Mrs. Sol. Coleman, Mrs. B. Hilberth, Miss Helene Samfield. Musical Committee: Mrs. S. Oppenheimer. Current Topics Committee, Miss Ray Greener. Members, 30. Annual income, $60. Organ- ization meets first and third Monday of the month, excepting June, July, August and September. UNITED HEBREW RELIEF ASSOCIATION. Founded November, 1864. Officers: President, M. Samfield; Vice-President, H. Gronauer; Secretary, Sol. Harpmann; Treasurer, S. 256 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

Memphis {continued). Jacobs; Physician, Dr. Jacob Deutsch. Board of Trus- tees: A. S. Myers, H. Morris, S. L. Lee, H. Bensdorf, Sam'l Hirsch. Members, 115. Annual income, $1500. Organization meets annually in March. Object: To relieve poverty and distress among Jews. •Y. M. H. A., Adams, S. W. corner 2d. Quarterly meetings last week in March, June, September and December. Directors meet second Mondays. President, L. G. Pape; Secretary, H. Bauer. Nashville [CONGREGATION] OHAVAI SHOLOM (VINE STREET TEMPLE). Founded 1873. Rabbi, Isidore Lewinthal, 1912 W. End Avenue. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, J. Lefkovits; Vice-President, L. Jonas; Treasurer, Wm. Herman; Secretary, M. Werthan; Warden, H. Redels- heimer; L. Lebeck, N. Cohn, M. S. Lebeck, S. Weinbaum, S. Weil, H. Lusky. Board meeting first Sunday of the month. Members, 216. Services: Friday, 8 p.m.; Sat- urday, 10 a. m. Religious School: Saturday, 9 to 10 a.m.; Sunday, 10 to 12 a.m. Pupils, 156. Annual income, $7100. Auxiliary Societies: Ladies' Auxiliary Vine Street Temple, Vine Street Temple Sewing Circle. TEXAS Austin [CONGREGATION] BETH ISRAEL. Founded July 4, 1876. Offi- cers and Board of Trustees: President, Sigmund Philips- son; Vice-President, A. Michelson; Secretary, Geo. Ash, 613 Cong. Avenue; Treasurer, S. Goldstein; Trustees: H. Hirshfeld, J. Stern, J. Koen, M. Gans. Members, 25. Services, Rosh ha-Shanah and Yom Kippur. Religious School, Sunday, 9 a. m. Pupils, 50. Annual income, about $250. Oleburne * [CONGREGATION] ISRAEL. Corsicana [CONGREGATION] BET AL, 11th Avenue. Founded September, 1898. Rabbi, S. Solomon, P. O. Box 392. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, R. Kassts; Vice-President, T. Goldberg; Secretary, Joe Schwartz; Trustees: B. Marks, Ben. Rozenberg, Lustig. Board meeting first Sunday of the month. Members, 25. DIBECTOEY OF LOCAL OKGANIZATIONS 257 Oorsicana (continued). *LADIES' HEBREW CEMETERY ASSOCIATION. Organized 1891. Members, 36. Meets monthly, subject to call. Presi- dent, Mrs. S. S. Freedman; Vice-President, Mrs. U. P. Levy; Treasurer, Mrs. Isaac Goldberg; Secretary, Mrs. Abe Fox. Dallas * [CONGREGATION] EKASTJ-EL, Ervay and St. Louis. Rabbi, George A. Kohut. President, Alexander Sanger. Sec- retary, D. A. Eldridge. Services: Friday, 8 p.m.; Sat- urday, 10.30 a. m. Eeligious School, Saturday and Sunday, 9 a. m. HEBREW BENEVOLENT ASSOCIATION. Founded January, 1872. Officers: President, Alex. OrtlieB; Vice-President, G. A. Kohut; Secretary and Treasurer, Max Goettinger. Board of Trustees: Phillip Sanger, A. Harris, M. J. Bos- enfield. Members, 75. Annual income, $600. Board meeting semi-annual. Organization meets in January. Objects: Alleviation of Jews in distress and assisting Jewish families in the city. *JEWISH SOCIETY OF OZAR DALIM. Organized 1894. Members, 90. Meets second Sundays at Congregation Shaarith Israel. President, A. Cohn; Vice-President, J. A. Soko- loff; Treasurer, N. Goldstein. *LADIES HEBREW BENEVOLENT ASSOCIATION. Organized 1875. Members, 140. Meets first Wednesdays at 4 p.m. at Phoenix Club House. President, Mrs. S. Heidingsfelder; Vice-President, Mrs. L. Goslin; Financial Secretary, Mrs. L. A. Cahn; Eecording Secretary, Mrs. Simon Loeb; Treasurer, Mrs. Kahn. *LADIES' ORTHODOX BENEVOLENT SOCIETY. Organized 1886. Members, 45. Meets second Sundays at Shaarith Israel Synagogue. President, Mrs. J. Emin; Vice-President, Mrs. S. Colton; Treasurer, Mrs. C. Goldstein; Secretary, Mrs. N. Goldstein. PHOENIX CLTIB, Jackson Street. Founded September 14, 1890. Officers: President, I. I. Lorch; Vice-President, E. H. Hahlo; Treasurer, E. Liebman; Financial Secretary, Victor H. Hexter; Eecording Secretary, Leo. Wolf son. Directors: Gus. Eoos, I. L. Kramer, N. Mittenthal, M. Liebman, A. Pandres, S. Koenigsberg, I. Goldsmith, D. F. Block, J. Kahn, L. Eppstein. Members, 85. Annual income, approximate, $3000. Board meeting first Wed- nesday of the month. Organization meets first Sunday of June, September, December and March. Objects, social. 17 258 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK Dallas (continued). *PROGRESSIVE LITERARY ASSOCIATION. Organized 1887. Mem- bers, 32. Meets every Sunday at 2.30 p. m. President, D. A. Eldridge; Vice-President, S. Mittenthal; Treasurer and Secretary, I. Vendig. / [CONGREGATION] SHAARITH ISRAEL, 528 Jackson. Services: Friday, 7.30 p. m.; Saturday, 9 a. m. Religious School: Saturday and Sunday, 9 a. m. Auxiliary Society: Shaarith Israel Club; President, C. Goldstein. [CONGREGATION] TIFERET ISRAEL, 145 Highland Street. Founded March 15, 1890. Officers and Board of Trus- tees: President, Frank Byers; Vice-President, I. Donow- sky; Secretary, M. Rochofsky; Trustees: A. Tucker, Joe Aolon and J. Toblofsky. Board meeting first Saturday night of the month. Members, 25. Services: Friday nights, Saturday mornings, and on all the holidays. Annual income, about $300. £1 Paso [CONGREGATION] MT. SINAI. Founded October, 1898. Rabbi, Oscar J. Cohen, 1001 Mesa Avenue. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, A. Krakauer; Vice-President, J. Calisher; Treasurer, S. Aronstein; Secretary, Chas. Schutz; Trustees: B. Blumenthal, A. Stolaroff, W. Fat- man, A. Solomon. Board meeting semi-annually. Mem- bers, 78. Services: Friday, 8 p.m.; Saturday, 10.30 a.m. Religious School, Saturday, 9 to 10.30 a. m. Pupils, 39. Annual income, about $3000. Auxiliary Societies: Ladies' Hebrew Benevolent Society; President, Mrs. A. Schloss. Ladies' Temple Aid Society; President, Mrs. J. Calisher. The Mt. Sinai Charity Association is now merged in the Congregation, which sets aside a fund for relief work. Ground has been bought and plans have been drawn up for a Temple, which is to be erected during the next few months, and is expected to be ready for the fall holidays. Fort Worth * [CONGREGATION] AHAVATH SHOLOM. Organized 1892. Mem- bers, 32. Business meeting second and last Sundays. Services, Saturdays, 8 a. m. President, B. Levensohn; Vice-President, S. Gilbert; Treasurer, J. Jacobs; Secre- tary, L. Shanblum. *EMANUEL HEBREW ASSOCIATION. Organized 1892. Members, 35. Meet first Tuesdays. DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 259 Fort Worth (continued). *HEBREW SYNAGOGUE, N. E. corner Hemphill and Jarvis. *Y. M. H. A. Organized 1895. Members, 60. Meets first and third Sundays at 104 Houston. Gainesville UNITED HEBREW CONGREGATION. Founded about 1882. Rabbi, H. Friedman. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, M. Kahn; Vice-President, Henry Waterman; . Treasurer, H. S. Scheline; Secretary, Is. Cohen, and five trustees. Board meeting quarterly. Members, 28. Ser- vices every Friday night. Religious School, Sunday. Pupils, about 15. Annual income, about $950. Auxiliary Societies: Ladies' Hebrew Aid; Secretary and Treasurer, Mrs. Is. Cohen. Ladies' Hebrew Cemetery Society; Sec- retary, Mrs. D. Baumm. Galveston * [CONGREGATION] AHAVAS ISRAEL, S. W. corner 29th and Market. Rabbi, Jacob Geller. Services: Friday, 6 p. m.; Saturday, 8 a. m., 6 p. m. [CONGREGATION] B'NAI ISRAEL, Avenue I and 22d Street. Founded 1868. Rabbi, Henry Cohen, 1924 Broadway. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, Leo. N. Levi; Vice-President, M. Schram; Secretary, I. Holstein, Gen- eral Post Office; Board of Trustees: J. Sonnentheil, M. Maas, B. A. Isaacs, Herman B. M. Meyer, Robt. I. Cohen. Board meeting monthly. Members, 162. Ser- vices: winter, Friday, 5.30 p. m.; Saturday, 10 a. m.; summer, Friday, 6.30 p.m.; Saturday, 10 a.m. Religious School, Sunday, 9.30 a. m. Pupils, 185. Annual income, $5500. Auxiliary Societies: Ladies' Auxiliary Society; Post-Graduate Class, 30 members. B'NAI ISRAEL AUXILIARY SOCIETY, basement of Synagogue. Founded November, 1887. Officers: President, Mrs. L. N. Levi; Vice-President, Mrs. J. Sonnentheil; Treasurer, Mrs. S. Lyons; Secretary, Mrs. Robert Cohen. Members, 49. Annual income, about $145. Organization meets in February, May and November. Object: Beautifying the Synagogue. *B'NAI ZION ASSOCIATION. Founded January 2, 1898. *HEBREW BENEVOLENT SOCIETY OF GALVESTON. Organized April 8, 1866. Members, 153. Meets first Sundays in May, August, November and February. President, Jos. Levy; Vice-President, A. Frenkel; Secretary, Henry S. Marx; Treasurer, Robt. I. Cohen. 260 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAE BOOK G-alveston (continued). *HEBREW LADIES' AUXILIARY SOCIETY. Organized 1882. Members, 75. Meets 1st and 15th of the month at Synagogue. President, Mrs. Leo. N. Levi; Vice-Presi- dent, Mrs. Robert I. Cohen; Treasurer, Mrs. A. Levy; Secretary, Mrs. Jacob Sonnentheil. *HEBREW LADIES' BENEVOLENT SOCIETY. Founded 1870. Offi- cers: President, Mrs. J. Block; Vice-President, Mrs. I. Holstein; Secretary, Mrs. J. Sonnentheil; Treasurer, Mrs. A. Levy. Members, 88. Meets first Wednesday of Feb- ruary, May, August and November. HEBREW ORTHODOX BENEVOLENT ASSOCIATION, S614 Avenue I., Y. M. H. A. Hall. Founded May 15, 1897. Officers: President, Simon Louis; Vice-President, L. Lazerovitch; Corresponding Secretary, M. Gordon, 28th, between Ave- nues F and G; Financial Secretary, J. Chertoff, 2624 Market Street; Treasurer, S. P. Gordon, 29th, between H and I. Board of Trustees: M. Rouch, M. Shulwolf. Members, 50. Annual income, $375. Board meeting quarterly. Organization meets first and third Sundays of the month. Objects: Weekly sick benefits to members and aid to all needy strangers and residents of our city; Cemetery Fund. *UNITED HEBREW CONGREGATION. Rabbi, H. Friedman. THE YOUNG MEN'S HEBREW ASSOCIATION OF GALVESTON, TEX. Organized October 8, 1894. Officers: President, A. Gor- don; Vice-President, D. Aronstein; Recording Secretary, E. Borchow; Financial Secretary, M.Klein; Treasurer, J. Jacobson; Trustees: I. Hauser, B. Freed. Membership, 65. Annual income, $400 to $500. Meetings every second Sunday. Objects: 1. To establish and maintain for the poorer class of our co-religionists a suitable place of worship; 2. The establishment of Religious Schools for children. Greenville JEWISH CEMETERY ASSOCIATION. Organized 1899. RELIGIOUS SCHOOL. Organized May, 18S9, by Rev. Dr. G. A. Kohut. Superintendent, D. A. Eldridge, of Dallas, Texas. Houston [CONGREGATION] ADATH JESHURUN, corner Preston and Ham- ilton Streets. Founded April, 1893. Babbis, M. Epstein and J. Hurwitz. Officers and Board of Trustees: Presi- dent, I. Harrison; Vice-President, S. Greenberg; Secre- DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 261 Houston (continued). tary, M. Flaxman; Treasurer, L. Housman. Board meeting last Sunday of the month. Members, 45. Services: Friday, 7.30 p. m.; Saturday, 8 a. m. Religious School, Sunday, 9 a. m. Pupils, 85. Annual income, $800 to $900. Auxiliary Society, Ladies' Adath Jeshurun Aux- iliary. [CONGREGATION] BETH ISRAEL. Founded December 28, 1859. Rabbi, Dr. A. A. Lazarus. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, H. Prince; Vice-President, Mose Raphael; Secretary, Simon Kottwitz; Treasurer, L. M. Rich; Trustees: Jules Hirsch, S. L. Sam, Jake Kahn, J. Loew- enstein and I. G. Gerson. Board meeting fourth Sunday of the month. Members, 92. Services: Friday, 7.45 p.m.; Saturday, 10 a. m. Religious School, Sunday, 9.15 a. m. Confirmation Class, Saturday, 9 to 10 a. m. Pupils, about 80. Annual income, about $4000. THE BIKUR CHOLIM SOCIETY, 714 Preston Avenue. Founded October 13,. 1895. Officers: President, Ed. Moskovitz; Vice-President, Morris Harrison; Secretary, Simon ' Greenberg; Treasurer, Joe M. Sam. Board of Trustees: J. Wolf, J. Richka, Jos. Tiras. Members, 150. Annual income, $500 to $600. Organization meets second Sun- day of the month. Object: To help the sick and the poor. * [CONGREGATION] EMANTXEL. *HEBREW LADIES' AID SOCIETY. Organized 1890. Members, 130. Meets second Wednesdays at Monteflore Hall. President, Miss Harriet Levy; Treasurer, Miss Sarah Sam. *LADIES HEBREW BENEVOLENT ASSOCIATION. Organized 1895. Members, 90. Meets first Thursdays at 4.30 p. m. at Montefiore Hall. President, Mrs. Sol. Rosenfield; Vice- President, Miss A. Chimene; Treasurer, Mrs. S. Billitz; Secretary, Mrs. M. L. Lewis. LADIES' RELIEF SOCIETY. Founded December 9, 1895. Offi- cers: President, Mrs. R. Qualtrough; Vice-President, Mrs. J. Goldman; Secretary, Mrs. L. Rosenwald, 1108 Liberty Avenue; Treasurer, Mrs. A. Jacobs. Members, 64. An- nual income, $500. Organization meets first Wednesday of the month. Object, charity. Marlin *RELIGIOUS SCHOOL. Superintendent, S. A. Silverman. Marshall * [CONGREGATION] MOSES MONTEFIORE ADATH ISRAEL. 262 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK San Antonio *[CONGREGATION] AGUDATH ACHIM. Rabbi, Solomon Rouben. * [TEMPLE] BETH EL, 202 Jefferson. Rabbi, Samuel Marks. LADIES' HEBREW BENEVOLENT SOCIETY. Founded November 1, 1870. Officers: President, Mrs. L. Goodman; Vice- Pre'sident, Mrs. A. Robinson; Treasurer, Mrs. A. Joske; Secretary, Mrs. L. L. Marks, San Pedro Avenue. Visit- ing Committee: Mrs. F. Mayer, Mrs. A. Robinson, Mrs. M. Friedman, Mrs. M. Levy. Members, 65, and 3 honorary. Annual income, about $400. Board meeting first Wednesday of the month. Organization meets first Wednesday except during June, July, August and Sep- tember. Objects: To relieve families of Jewish faith in distress and do such duty to dead females of Hebrew faith as are necessary. MONTEFIORE BENEVOLENT SOCIETY. Founded 1856; reorganized 1866 and May, 1885. Officers: President, M. Fried- man; Vice-President, D. Oppenheimer; Secretary, Rabbi S. Marks; Treasurer, L. Goodman. Board of Trustees: S. Halff, L. Veith, F. Mayer. Members, 65. Annual income, $800. Board meeting January, April, July, October. Organization meets first Sunday in January. Object: To relieve needy and distressed Israelites. The association also provides for indigent consumptives sent here from the north, and in the event of death they are afforded decent burial in the Jewish Cemetery at the Society's expense. Tyler * [CONGREGATION] BETH EL. Waco [CONGREGATION] AGUDATH JACOB, 7th and Columbus. Founded February 14, 1888. Rabbi, Dr. S. Levy. Offi- cers: President, S. Greenberg; Vice-President, J. Rubin; Secretary, S. Levy. Trustees: L. Wiseberg, J. M. Free- man. Board meeting first Sunday after Rosh Cho- desh. Members, 40. Services: Friday evening and Sat- urday morning, and on all Jewish holidays. Religious School daily, 1 to 7 p. m. Pupils, 20. Annual income, $900. Auxiliary Societies: Ezrath Zion, Ladies' Hebrew Society, Hebrew Benevolent Association. * [TEMPLE] RODEP SHOLOM, 920 Washington. Rabbi, Harry Weiss.1 Services: Friday, 8 p.m.; Saturday, 10 a.m. Religious School, Sunday, 2.15 p. m. 1 Resigned. DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 263 Wharton *A Benevolent Society is about to be organized, and a cemetery to be bought. A congregation will probably be formed in the near future. XJTAH Salt Lake City [CONGREGATION] BNAI ISBAEL, 4th East, between 2d and 3d South. Founded March 28, 1881. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, H. Bamberger; Vice-President, W. Graupe; Treasurer, E. Kahn; Secretary, Samuel Weitz; Trustees: H. Cohn, I. M. Solomon, M. H. Desky. Board meeting second Sunday of the month. Members, 75. Religious School: Sunday, 10.30 to 12 a. m., October to June. Pupils, about 50. Auxiliary Societies: Ladies' Hebrew Relief Society, Hebrew Benevolent Society. HEBREW LADIES' RELIEF SOCIETY. Organized 1888. Officers: President, Mrs. Louis Simon; Vice-President, Mrs. I. Walters; Treasurer, Mrs. J. Moritz; Secretary, Mrs. Nelson A. Ransohoff, 280 E. 2d Street. Board of Trus- tees: Chairman, Mrs. H. Rothschild, Mrs. Ben. Davis, Mrs. Sam. Samuels. Members, 57. Annual income, $342. Board and organization meet first Thursday of the month. •[CONGREGATION] MONTEFIOBE. President, M. Levy; Vice- President, Jacob Petrowitzky; Secretary, E. F. Gerecht. Trustees: G. M. Lewis, I. Levitt, I. Appelman. Members, 40. *SALT LAKE CITY HEBREW BENEVOLENT SOCIETY. President, Herman Bamberger; Vice-President, Dr. Theodore Meyer; Treasurer, C. M. Freed; Secretary, Jos. Obern- dorfer. Directors: Alex. Cohn, Morris Levy, and the officers. VEHDE'ONT Burlington *HEBREW CHARITABLE ASSOCIATION. Meets alternate Sunday afternoons in Synagogue. President, D. Neiburg; Vice- President, M. Freidlander; Recording Secretary, Louis Alpert; Financial Secretary, H. H. Rosenberg; Treas- urer, J. Rosenberg. *HEBBEW EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY. Directors: S. Levin, W. Flax, M. Samuelson, M. Glaston, I. Rosenberg, Rev. H. Sacks. 264 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

Burlington (continued). [CONGREGATION] OHEVEY ZEDECK (ARCHIBALD STREET SYNA- GOGUE). Founded 1889. Rabbi, H. Sacks; Assistants, M. H. Lamport, J. Fine H. Rosenberg, Z. Stein. Offi- cers and Board of Trustees: President, Sam Klinkow- stein; Vice-President, A. H. London, 50 Bright Street; Trustees: Jos. Frank, I. Perelman, Bregstein, Alpert. Board meeting every Sunday. Members, 53. Services, Saturday from 8 to 10 a. m. Annual income, $1200. Rutland *[CONGREGATION] BNAI ISRAEL. VIRGINIA Alexandria [CONGREGATION] BETH EL. Founded May 19, 1878. Officers: President, Is. Eichberg; Vice-President, B. Weil; Treas- urer, E. Goldsmith; Secretary, N. Wollberg. Board of Trustees: Jos. Kaufman, H. Straus, D. Bendheim. Board meeting first Monday of the month. Members, 11. Services, Friday .evening. Annual income, $120. HEBREW BENEVOLENT SOCIETY. Founded July 5, 1858. Offi- cers: President, B. Weil; Treasurer, Is. Eichberg; Sec- retary, N. Wollberg. Board of Trustees: D. Bendheim, Jos. Kaufman, E. Goldsmith. Members, 12. Annual income, $51. Charlottesville [CONGREGATION] BETH ISRAEL. Founded 1882. Reader, M. Leterman. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, S. Leterman; Trustees: B. Oberdorfer, I. Leterman and H. Nonck. Board meeting first Sunday of the month. Members, 17. Services, Friday, 8 p. m. Religious School, Sunday, 10.30 a. m. Pupils, .34. Annual income, about $350. Harrisonburg *HEBREW FRIENDSHIP CONGREGATION. President, Herman Wise; Secretary, B. Ney. Lynchburg * [CONGREGATION] AGUDATH ACHIM. Newport News [CONGREGATION] EDATH JESHURUN, Lafayette Avenue and DIRBCTOEY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 265

Newport News (continued). 24th Street. Founded 1891. Rabbi, T. H. Schwartz. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, J. B. Berman; Vice-President, I. Cohen; Treasurer, H. L. Caplan; Sec"- retary, M. Nachman; Trustees: A. Klasky, L. Fish, S. ' Berman. Board meeting second Wednesday in the Jew- ish month. Members, 40. Services, Saturday, 8 a. m. Religious School, Sunday, 11 a. m. to 1 p. m. Pupils, 90. *RELIGIOUS SCHOOL. Founded 1897. Superintendent, J. A. Hirshberg. Pupils, 85; teachers, 6. Norfolk [CONGREGATION] BETH-EL, Cumberland Street. Founded 5617 A. M. Rabbi, H. Benmosche. Officers and Board of Trustees: Vice-President, L. Nusbaum; Secretary, Charles Myers j M. Umstadter, J. W. Spagat, J. Levy, M. Levy, etc. Members, about 75. Services: Friday, 7 p.m.; Saturday, 9.30 a. m. Religious School, Sunday, 10 a. m. Pupils, 25. *[CHEVRO] B'NAI ISRAEL. Members, about 50. President, H. Fibel; Vice-President, Mr. Yaffe; Treasurer, M. Sigel; Secretary, M. Sugerman. Synagogue, Cumberland Street. *HEBEEW BURYING GROUND. Held jointly by Congregation Beth El and Congregation Oheb Scholem. Trustees: I. B. Lowenberg, J. Hecht, C. Myers, J. W. Spagat, M. Umstadter, J. Levy, H. Crockin, Ed. Hirshler, S. Ham- burger. Location, Princess Anne Avenue. LADIES' HEBREW BENEVOLENT SOCIETY OF NORFOLK AND PORTSMOUTH. Founded May, 1865. Officers: President, Mrs. D. E. Levy; Vice-President, Mrs. A. E. Campe; Treasurer, Mrs. Jacob Hecht; Secretary, Mrs. Charles Myers, 244 Holt Street. Trustees: Mrs. Ike Moritz, Mrs. S. Westheimer, Mrs. Moses Stern. Members, 80. An- nual income^ $336. Organization meets first Wednesday of the month. Object: To aid sick members, as well as the poor and needy. *MONTEFIORE LITERARY AND SOCIAL ASSEMBLY, 204 Fen- church. President, Jos. Spagat; Secretary, M. Seldner; Treasurer, V. Strasburger. •NORFOLK AND PORTSMOUTH HEBREW BENEVOLENT ASSOCIA- TION. Object: To assist stranded Israelites on to their destination. President, S. Marx; Treasurer, M. Um- stadter. * [CONGREGATION] OHEB SCHOLEM, Church Street. Rabbi, R. S. 266 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK Norfolk (continued). Cohen. President, I. Moritz; Treasurer, V. Strasburger; Secretary, J. S. Heller. Members, 120. Annual income, about $3500. Petersburg [CONGREGATION] RODEF SHOLOM. Founded August 15, 1858 (5618). Rabbi, Sigmund Tyor. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, Jacob Cohen; Vice-President, I. Reinach; Secretary, E. Levy; Treasurer, M. Saal, and five other trustees. Board meeting first Sunday of the month. Members, 30. Services: Friday, 8 p. m.; Satur- day, 10 a. m. Religious School: Sunday, 10 to 11.30 a. m. Pupils, 30. Annual income, $1500. Atixiliary Society, Young People's Society. Richmond [KAHL KODESH] BETH AHABA. Founded 1841. Rabbi, Ed- ward N. Calisch. Officers and Board of Trustees: Presi- dent, Julius Straus; Vice-President, Chas. Hutzler; Recording Secretary, H. S. Hutzler; Financial Secretary, Isaac Held; Treasurer, L. Z. Morris. Board of Man- agers: S. L. Bloomberg, E. Gerst, E. Bottigheimer, I. Thalhimer, I. Stern, E. Raab. Board meeting second Sunday of the month. Members, 116; seatholders, 125. Services: Friday, 8 p.m.; Saturday, 10.30 a.m. Reli- gious School: Sunday, 10.30 a. m. to 12 m. Pupils, 189. Annual income, $7400. *HEBREW BURYING GROUND, adjoining City Almshouse. Keeper, C. R. Nuckols. *HEBREW HOME FOR THE AGED AND INFIRM. HEBREW SHELTERING AID SOCIETY. Founded April 2, 1898. Officers: President, Rev. E. G. Phillips; Vice-President, Eli C. Meyer; Secretary, H. E. Hirshberg, 1910 Broad Street; Treasurer, Ph. Hirshberg. Directors: A. Gell- man, M. Sonnenberg, I. Kaplan, M. Stutzen, D. Sharove. Members, 96. Annual income, $300. Board meeting second Tuesday of the month. Organization meets first Sunday in January, April, July and October. Objects: Charity; the providing of shelter and transportation for indigent strangers. Hachnosas Orchim. [CONGREGATION] KENESETH ISRAEL, Mayo Street near Broad. Founded 5617-1856. Rabbi, Elias G. Phillips, 1810 E. Grace Street. Officers: President, H. Fisher; Vice-Presi- dent, P. Hirshberg; Treasurer, E. C. Meyer; Secretary, H. E. Hirshberg, 1910 E. Broad Street. Board of Trus- DIEECTOEY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 267 Richmond (oontlnued). tees: Sam. Jacobs, A. Hirshberg, N. Greenwald, M. Son- nenberg and A. Steiner. Board meeting last Tuesday of the month. Members, 50. Services: Friday at sunset; Saturday, 9 a. m. Eeligious School: daily (except Friday and Saturday), 4 to 7 p. m. Pupils, 30. Annual income, $1500. Auxiliary Society, Society of Balmasas- kims. See Oakwood Hebrew Cemetery. THE LADIES' HEBREW BENEVOLENT ASSOCIATION. Founded 1862. Officers: President, Mrs. A. L. Straus; Vice-Presi- dent, Mrs. Milton E. Marcuse; Treasurer, Mrs. May; Sec- retary, Mrs. Myer Kirsh, 5 W. Clay. Board of Trustees: Philip Whitlock, L. Z. Morris, E. Raabe. Members, 164. Annual income, $600. Board meeting- monthly. Organ- ization meets quarterly. OAKWOOD HEBKEW CEMETERY ASSOCIATION, Henrico County, Va. Founded 1865. Officers: President, H. Fisher; Vice- President, N. Greenwald; Secretary and Treasurer, H. E. Hirshberg, 1910 E. Broad Street. Board of Trustees: Sam. Jacobs, A. Hirshberg, E. C. Meyer, S. Scheer, M. Meyer. Annual income, $500. Board meeting last Tues- day of the month. Organization meets last Tuesday in September. Objects: Burial of the dead and proper care of cemetery. Under control of Congregation Keneseth Israel. *[CONGREGATION] SIR MOSES MONTEFIORE, Mayo near Boss. Reader, Jos. Cohen. Roanoke *CONGREGATION AND SCHOOL. Pupils, 40; teachers, 3. Staunton *HEBREW BENEVOLENT SOCIETY. * [CONGREGATION] HOUSE- OF ISRAEL, corner Market and Kal- orama Streets. Services: Friday, 8 to 9 p. m.; Saturday, 10.30 to 11.30 a.m. President, A. Loeb; Secretary, L. G. Straus. WASHINGTON Seattle * [CONGREGATION] BICKOR CHOLEM, Washington, N. E. corner 5th Avenue S. Eabbi, L. Brooks. Services: Friday, 6.30 p.m.; Saturday, 9 a. m. and 5 and 7.30 p.m. Hebrew School daily, 3 to 7 p. m. *[TEMPLE] DE HIRSCH, 8th and Seneca. President, L. Kohn; Vice-President, E. Rosenberg; Secretary, S. Friedenthal; 268 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK Seattle (continued). Treasurer, M. Bomstein. Trustees: I. E. Moses, I. Korn, S. Degginger. LADIES' HEBREW BENEVOLENT SOCIETY. Founded March 17, 1892. Officers: President, Mrs. A. Levy; Vice-President, Mrs. M. M. Fredrick; Treasurer, Mrs. Ida Davis; Secrer tary, Mrs. I. Cooper, 1104 Minor Avenue. Board of Trustees: Mrs. J. J. Cole, Mrs. S. Selig, Mrs. I. J. Lewis, Mrs. N. Phillips, Mrs. M. Bomstein. Members, 60. An- nual income, $240. Board meeting first Wednesday of the month. Organization meets first Wednesday of the month. THE SEATTLE HEBREW BENEVOLENT ASSOCIATION. Founded August 28, 1895. Officers: President, L. Kohn; Secre- tary, E. Morgenstern, Box 47; Treasurer, E. Rosenberg. Board of Trustees: K. Gottstein, I. Korn, H. Pecard, S. Frauenthal. Members, 55. Annual income, $1000. Board meeting last Sunday of the month. Organiza- tion meets third Sunday in September. Objects: In life and death to provide for the •worthy helpless poor of the Jewish faith, who by reason of misfortune are subjects of charity. Spokane * [CONGREGATION] EMANU-EL, corner 3d Avenue and Madison. Rabbi, R. Farber. President, L. Reubens; Vice-Presi- dent, Sam. Bayles; Secretary and Treasurer, Julius Green. Services: Friday, 8 p. m. and Saturday, 10 a. m. Tacoma [TEMPLE] BETH ISRAEL, I, corner S. 10th. Founded Feb- ruary 15, 1892. President, M. Moses; Vice-President, M. Jacob; Secretary and Treasurer, S. Posner. Members, 47. Annual income, $500. Board meeting monthly. Services: New Year and Day of Atonement. Religious School, Sunday, 10 a. m. Superintendent, Joseph Jacob. FIRST HEBREW BENEVOLENT SOCIETY OF TACOMA. Founded September 16, 1888. Officers: President, A. Weinberg; Vice-President, M. Jacob; Secretary and Treasurer, Samuel Posner, 946 Pacific Avenue. Board of Trustees: M. Moses, M. Gross, H. Stusser. Members, 21. Annual income, $162.50. Organization meets first Sunday of the month. Object: To relieve distress and bury the dead. *LADIES' MONTEFIORE SOCIETY. President, Mrs. A. Weinberg. Objects, educational and charitable. Meets first Wed- nesday of the month. DIRECTORY OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 269 WEST VIRGINIA Charleston *[K. K.] RENE ISRAEL, south side of Virginia, between Broad and Brooks. Services, Saturday, 9 a. m. Religious School: Sunday, 9.30 a. m. Huntington * [CONGREGATION] OHAV SHOLAM. Wheeling [CONGREGATION] LESHBM SHOMAYIM, 12th and Eoff Streets. Founded November 12, 1849. Rabbi, Harry Levi. Offi- cers: President, Samuel Kraft; Vice-President, Jos. Emsheimer; Other Trustees: Henry Baer, Bernard Horkheimer, Lewis Horkheimer, Ralph Kline, Lee Baer. Board meeting monthly. Members, 107. Services: Fri- day, 8 p. m.; Saturday, 10.30 a. m. Religious School: Saturday, 9.30 a. m.; Sunday, 9.30 a. m. Pupils, 75. Auxiliary Societies: Ladies' Hebrew Benevolent Society, Sabbath School Teachers' Class, Eoff Street Temple Jewish Literature Class, Eoff Street Temple Bible Class, Eoff Street Temple Post-Confirmation Class, Eoff Street Temple Alumni Association.

WISCONSIN Appleton *ZION CONGREGATION. Rabbi, Emanuel Gerechter. Ashland *CONGREGATION. Eau Claire *CONGRBGATION, 112 Cameron. Services, first Sunday of month at 3 p. m. Rabbi, Abram Fine, 112 Cameron. Green Bay •CONGREGATION. Hurley •CONGREGATION. Lacrosse •[CONGREGATION] ANSHE CHESEI>. Milwaukee •[CONGREGATION] ANSHE SFARI>. 270 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK Milwaukee (continued). * [CONGREGATION] BETH HAMIDKASH HAGGADOL, 5th and Vliet Streets. Pounded about 1890. Cantor, N. S. Canter. Services: Friday at sunset; Saturday, 9 a. m. * [CONGREGATION] B'NE JBSHURUN, Tenth and Cedar Streets. Founded about 1854. Rabbi, Victor Caro. Officers and Board of Trustees: President, J. Poss; Vice-President, S. Eckstein; Treasurer, G. Patek; Secretary, I. M. Hirschberg; M. Newald, S. Hammerschlag, E. Rinds- kopf. Members, about 125. Services: Friday, 7.30 p. m.; Saturday, 10 a. m. Religious School: Sunday, 9 to 11 a. m.; also one hour during week. Auxiliary Society, B'ne Jeshurun Ladies' Society. [TEMPLE] EMANTJ-EL, Broadway and Martin Streets. Founded October 18, 1869. Rabbi, S. Hecht, D. D. Offi- cers and Board of Trustees: President, Max Landauer; Vice-President, Morris Miller; Treasurer, Lehman Aarons; Secretary, Nathan F. Newbouer; H. W. Rich, H. M. Oberndorfer, David Adler, L. Hammel, John E. DeWolf, Ad. Hauser. Board meeting second Tuesday of the month. Members, 90. Services: Friday, 7.30 p. m.; Saturday, 10 a. m. Religious School: Saturday, 9 to 10 a.m.; Sunday, 9.30 to 11.30 a.m. Pupils, about 90. Annual income, about $6000. Auxiliary Societies: .Ladies' Emanu-El Society, Ladies' Relief Sewing So- ciety, Sisterhood for Personal Service; Temple Class, composed of those who have left Sunday School two, three and four years ago. * [CONGREGATION] KADISHA SFARD. Sheboygan *CONGREGATION. Meets 1700 N. 8th. Superior *FIBST HEBREW CONGREGATION, east side Catlin Avenue, between 5th and 6th. Organized 1890. Services: Saturday, 9 a. m.; Friday, 6 p. m.

[CONGREGATION] HEBREW BROTHERHOOD OJF WEST SUPERIOR,( 603 Hammond Avenue. Founded April, 1895. Rabbi, H. Bloom. President, L. Helstein; Secretary, D. J. Bloom; First Trustee, A. Holzberg. Members, 36. Ser- vices: Week days, 6 to 7 a. m.; Saturdays, S to 11 a. m, 4 to 8 p. m. Annual income, about $300. *SECOND HEBREW CONGREGATION, 603 Banks Avenue. Services, Saturdays, 9.30 a. m. LIST OF JEWISH PERIODICALS 271

A LIST OP JEWISH PEKIODICALS PUBLISHED IN THE UNITED STATES Compiled by A. S. Freidus, of the New York Public Library

BIBLIOGRAPHY American Israelite. A bibliography of the Jewish periodical press. (June 8, 15, 22, 29, 1893, v. 39.) British Museum. Catalogue of Hebrew Books, by S. van Straalen. 1894. Pp. 188-192, 294-295. Harkavy (A. E.). J"113D11'BP3 D"DQ D"3mO (In TJDn v. 10 [1866], p. 251.) Mentions 5 lists of Jewish periodicals. Jewish Gazette. 43 }WJ (April 20, 1894, v. 20, No. 16.) A list of 43 Judaeo-German and Hebrew periodicals no longer ex- tant. Kayserling (M.). Periodische Litteratur. (In his Jiid. Lit. v. M. Mendelssohn bis auf d. Gegenwart. 1896. Pp. 860-880.) Krauskopf (Joseph). Half a Century of Judaism in the United States. (In American Jews' Annual. 1888. P. 90.) A short list of periodicals. Lippe (C. D.). Zeitschriften. (In his Bibliog. Lexicon d. ge- sammten jiid. Lit. d. Gegenwart. V. I [1881], pp. 662-671; neue Serie, v. I [1899], pp. 457-475.) Markens (I.). Progress made by the Hebrews in Journalism. (In his Hebrews in America. 1888. Pp. 265-274.) New York Public Library. Card catalogue of Jewish literature. Sablozki (M.). j;"ea b'"a»3 nCtTl (In nnSDmXlK v. 5 [1896], pp. 270-283.) Cf. Zeitsch. f. hebr. Bibliog. v. I (1896), pp. 35-36. ENGLISH AND GERMAN American Hebrew. [Weekly.] Published by Philip Cowen. New York, November 21, 1879-date. American Israelite. [Weekly.] Edited by Isaac Mayer Wise. Cincinnati, July 15, 1854-date. Volumes 1-22(?) are entitled " Israelite."' See also Chicago Israelite, Deborah. American Jewess. [Formerly a Monthly, now a Quarterly.] New York, 1895(?)-date. 272 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

American Jewish Almanac. Cincinnati, 1887-93 (?). American Jewish Historical Society. Publications. [Annual.] Washington, 1893-date. American Jews' Annual. Edited by Leo Wise. Cincinnati, 1884- 95(?) Asmonean. [Weekly.] Edited and published by Robert Lyons. New York, October 26, 1849- 1858. Association Bulletin. [Bi-monthly.] Philadelphia, 1881-(?). Devoted to the interests of Young Men's Hebrew Associations and kindred societies. B'nai B'rith Messenger. [Weekly.] Edited by Victor Harris. Los Angeles, 189 -date. Chicago Israelite. [Weekly.] Established by Leo Wise. Chicago, 1884-date(?). Contains nearly the same literary matter as the American Israelite. Corner-Stone. Edited by Solomon Jacobs. New Orleans. Die Deborah. [Weekly.] Edited by Isaac Mayer Wise. Cincin- nati, July, 1855-date. German belletristic supplement to the American Israelite. Echo des Judenthums. [Weekly.] Edited by Emil Herzfeld. New York, September, 1892- . Represents the interests of B'ne B'rith and other fraternities. Emanu-El. [Weekly.] Edited by Jacob Voorsanger. San Fran- cisco, 1895-date. Freitag zu Nacht. [Weekly.] Edited by Louis Schnabel. New York, 188—. Gleaner. [WeeMy.] Edited by Julius Eckman. San Francisco, 1858. First Jewish periodical on the Pacific coast. Hebraica. See Jewish Messenger. The Hebrew. [Weekly.] Edited and published by Ph. Jacoby. San Francisco, (?)-date. Hebrew Globe. [Weekly.] Edited by B. Levy. Syracuse, New York, 189—. Hebrew Journal. [Weekly.] New York, 1877-date. Hebrew Leader. [Weekly.] English and German. Edited and published by Jonas Bondy. New York, 1859-74. Hebrew Observer. [Weekly.] Edited and published by Hiram Straus. Cleveland, O., 1889-date(?). Same appears also in Pittsburg, Pa., 1892- LIST OF JEWISH PERIODICALS 273

Hebrew Review. [Quarterly.] Published by the Rabbinical Lit- erary Association of America and edited by its president, Max Lilienthal. Cincinnati, 1881-82. The last number appeared after the death of the editor. Hebrew Standard. [Weekly.] Edited by J. P. Solomon. New York. f°. H. U. C. Journal. [Monthly.] Cincinnati, 1896-date. Helpful Thoug-hts. [Monthly.] Edited by Julia Richman, Re- bekah Kohut, and Richard Gottheil. New York, 189 -date. Juvenile. Independent Hebrew. [Weekly.] Edited by S. N. Leo. New York, April 21-August 11(?), 1876. f°. Israel's Herold. [Weekly.] Edited by Isidor Busch. New York, 1849. Appeared 3 months. First Jewish weekly in the United States. German. The Jew: being- a defence of Judaism against all adversaries, and particularly against the insidious attacks of Israel's Advocate. Edited by Solomon H. Jackson and published by Louis Emanuel. New York, March, 1823-March, 1825. 2 v. 8°. Against Christian conversionists. First Jewish periodical in America. There is a copy in the New York Public Library. For other copies, cf. American Jewish Historical Society Publications, y. 3, p. 134. Jewish Advance. [Weekly.] Edited by Joseph Feybush. Buf- falo, 1893. Jewish Advance. [Weekly.] English and German. Edited by Henry Gersoni. Chicago, 1878-80 (?). Jewish Advocate. Edited by Isaac Leeser. Philadelphia, 1849. Jewish Advocate. Edited by Raphael D'C. Lewin. New York, 1886. Jewish Chronicle. [Weekly.] Edited by Solomon Schindler. Boston, 1890-May, 1893. 127 numbers appeared in all. Jewish Chronicle. [Weekly.] English and German. Edited and published by Binswanger & Co. Baltimore, 18—. Jewish Comment. [Weekly.] Edited by Max Myers. Baltimore, 1895-date. Jewish Criterion. [Weekly.] Edited by Charles H. Joseph. Pittsburg, Pa,, 189 -date. Jewish Exponent. [Weekly.] Edited by Charles Hoffman. Philadelphia, 1886-date. 18 274 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK Jewish Free Press. St. Louis, 18—. Jewish Herald. Edited by Aaron Wise. New York, 18—. Jewish Index. [Weekly.] Edited by Samuel Mendelsohn. Phil- adelphia, October 2-end of 1872 (?). Jewish Ledger. [Weekly.] New Orleans, 18 -date. Jewish Messenger. [Weekly.] Founded by S. M. Isaacs; edited by Abram S. Isaacs. New York, 1857-date. In 1879 it had a monthly supplement, Hebraica. Jewish News. [A Semi-monthly and a Weekly.] Syracuse, N. Y., 189—. Volume 3 was published in 1893. Jewish Progress. [Weekly.] Edited by Hugo(?) Bachrach. San Francisco, 1876-date(?). Jewish Record. [Weekly.] Edited by Alfred T. Jones. Phila- delphia, 1874-87. Jewish Record. [Weekly.] New York, 185—. 3 years. Jewish Reformer. Edited by Kaufman Kohler, Emil G. Hirsch and Adolph Moses. English and German. New York, Janu- ary-June, 1886. Jewish Review. [Weekly.] Edited by Miss Jessie Cohen. Cleve- land, 0. date. Jewish Sentiment. [Weekly.] Edited by Frank J. Cohen. Atlanta, Ga., 189 -date. Jewish South. [Weekly.] Edited by Edward M. A. Browne and afterwards by J. C. H. Chumaceiro. Atlanta, Ga., New Orleans, La., 1880-82. Jewish Spectator. [Weekly.] Edited and published by M. Sam- field. Memphis, Tennessee and New Orleans, La., 1885- date(?) Jewish Tidings. [Weekly.] Edited and published by Louis, Wiley. Rochester, N. Y., 1886-date(?). f °.' Jewish Times. [Weekly.] Edited by Emanuel Katz. San Fran- cisco, 18—. Jewish Times. [Weekly.] Edited by Moritz Ellinger. New York, 1868-80. Jewish Times and Observer. [Weekly.] Founded by William Saalburg. San Francisco, 1856-date(?). Formerly separate as Observer and Times. Jewish Tribune. [Weekly.] Edited by S. H. Sonneschein. St. Louis, Mo., 1883-84. f°. Jewish Voice. [Weekly.] Edited and published by M. Spitz. St. Louis, Mo., 1884-date. f°. LIST OF JEWISH PERIODICALS 275

Jewish Weekly Review. Edited by Chas. L. Schless. St. Joseph, Mo., 1898-(?). Jewish Women. [Monthly.] Herman Brunswick, manager. Philadelphia, October, 1892-October, 1893. Jewish World. New York. Der Jude. [Weekly.] Edited by S. Wiener. New York, 1887. Maccabean. [Monthly.] Edited by Henry Gersoni. Chicago, 1882. The Magnet. [Quarterly.] Published by Hebrew Orphans' Home. Atlanta, Ga., 1894—. Menorah. [Monthly.] Official organ of B'ne B'rith. Founded by Benjamin F. Peixotto; ed. by Moritz Ellinger. New York, July, 1886-date. Monthly Journal of the Young Men's Hebrew Association. New York, 1885- . New Era. [Monthly.] Edited by Raphael D'C. Lewin. New York, 1871-75. Occident. [Monthly.] Edited and published by Isaac Leeser. Philadelphia, 1843-68. In 1855 it appeared weekly. The last volume edited by Mayer Sulzberger. Occident. [Weekly.] Edited by M. Hoffman and Julius Silver- smith, and later on by J. S. alone. Chicago, 1874-date(?). Pacific Messenger. [Weekly.] English and German. Edited by H. Bien. San Francisco, 1860-61. f°. Reform Advocate. [Weekly.] Edited by Emil G. Hirsch. Chi- cago, 1891-date. Sabbath Visitor. [Weekly.] Edited successively by Max Lilien- thal, Kaufman Kohler, Isidore Wise, David Philipson and afterwards without the editor's name. Cincinnati, Chicago, 1874-date. The Shofar. Edited by Louis Lipsky. Rochester, N. Y., 1899- . Sinai. [German Monthly.] Edited by David Einhorn. Balti- more, 1856-62. Star of Israel. Edited by Joseph Parvin. Chicago, 1897. Only a few numbers were published. Sulamith. [Monthly.] Edited by Solomon H. Sonneschein and M. Spitz. St. Louis, 18—. German. Toleranz. [Weekly.] Edited by Michael Singer. New York, April 14-July 16(?), 1897. Zionistic. No more published. 276 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

Die Wahrheit. [Weekly.] Edited by S. H. Sonneschein. St. Louis, 1871. Year Book of the Central Conference of American Rabbis. Cin- cinnati, 1891- . Young Israel. English and German. Edited by Louis Schnabel. New York, 18—. Der Zeitgeist. Hrsg. v. Adolf Moses, Emil G. Hirsch, Isaac S. Moses. Milwaukee and Chicago, 1880-83. 3 volumes. Zion Weekly News. Organ of the League of Zionist Societies of the United States. Published by M. Aszud. German in Hebrew and German characters. New York, March 25- June(?), 1898. Title afterwards changed to Zion News. Had no German title. Der Zionist. [Weekly.] Edited by Michael Singer. New York, 1898(?). HEBREW ilEOnrt IVIX [Quarterly.] Edited and published by Nehe- miah Samuel Libowitz and Ch. Enowitz. Newark, N. J., 1894. English title, Magazine of Knowledge. 2 numbers. [Monthly.] Edited by Ch. Enowitz. New York, 1894-95. English title, The Truth. [Weekly.] Edited by N. B. Ettelsohn and S. L. Marcus. Chicago, 1877-79"(?).. Weekly supplement to their Judseo-German DDDIHS rB»t3»?I»nT»K }Otn [Weekly.] Edited and published by Ch. Enowitz and Joseph Gabreelow. New York, August 16, 1895-January, 1896. English title, The Time. 13 numbers. [Weekly.] Edited by Ephraim Deinard. New York, De- cember 14, 1888-June 14, 1889. English title, The Nationalist. 23 numbers. p epNOPI [Quarterly.] Published by the society "Ol? TIBS? New York, 1881. English transliteration, Hameas- seph. 1 number. mi»n [Monthly.] Edited and published by Moses Goldman. New York, 1894. English title, The Teacher. 1 number. "U [Monthly.] Edited by Abraham H. Rosenberg, and afterwards by Samuel Benjamin Schwarzberg. New York, 1895-97. English title, The Western Light. Of volume 2 only 4 numbers were issued. Edited by Michael Levi Rodkinson. New York, 189—. LIST OF JEWISH PERIODICALS 277

[Weekly.] Founded by Sarasohn & Son. Edited by Ger- son Eosenzweig. New York, April 11, 1892-July 29, 1898. English title, The Hebrew. p [Monthly.] Edited by Ch. Enowitz. New York, Feb- ruary 15, 1896. English title, Tree of Knowledge. [Weekly.] Edited by William Schur. New York, Balti- more, Chicago, 1890-date. English transliteration, Hapisgah. p&O nsi¥n [Weekly.] Published by Zebi Hirsch Bern- stein. New York, 1870-76. p [Monthly.] Edited by Gerson Eosenzweig. New York, January-June, 1899. No more published. ?1pn [Weekly.] Edited by Michael Levi Eodkinson. New York, 1880-90. Founded by him at Konigsberg in 1876. One number appeared September 24, 1893, at Chicago. English title, The Call. TIN JTp [Monthly.] Edited by Leon Zolotkoff and published by the Hebrew Literary Association at Chicago. Chicago, April and July, 1889. English title, The Eay of Light. 2 numbers. YIDDISH "J31D"XT1KS»»3TK.. Wl JIB DQK!?3 TiinK Organ of the Socialist Labor Party. New York, 1894-date. English title, The Evening Paper. The JJ1t3"S Tlrt3"3TN is its Sunday edition. DV") WTN NT [Weekly.] Edited by Jacob Cohen. English, German, Hebrew and Judaeo-German. New York, 1871. L3DK3 »B»TK KH [Weekly.] Edited by Henry Gersoni. New York, 1872. A few numbers. »DDinB 1»5»TK KH [Weekly.] Edited by John Paley. Philadel- phia, August, 1892-April, 1894. 84 numbers. bwilB'T "WTK Tin [Weekly.] Published by Saphirstein & Bos- enbaum. New York, May 26, 1899-date. Weekly edition of LDDKS n31?3K T1?|T1K» 1'3 Edited by George Selikovitsch. t3D»11 "Tin J1B jreinKa »GWTN [Weekly.] Edited by George Seli- kovitsch. Chicago, 1894-96 (?). English title, Western Jewish Gazette. iH ~\VWWH Tin [Weekly.] Founded by George Selikovitsch. Published by Sarasohn & Son. Boston, 1893(?)-date. Eng- lish title, The Jewish Eagle. BKTPK Tin [Weekly.] Edited by William Schur. Baltimore, March, 1891-93. English title, The Israelite. inS BB«Q^17KT?*N [Weekly.] Edited by N. B. Ettelson and S. L. Marcus. Chicago, 1879-8—. Had a Hebrew supplement, entitled nnaim ! 278 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

Tin [Weekly]. Edited by Moms Winchevsky. Boston, 1895. Socialistic. Tin (Brooklyn Anzeiger). [Weekly.] Published by V. E. Pomeranz. Brooklyn, New York, 1897(?) . JJ1B"V T»B»:hK [Weekly.] Organ of the Socialist Labor Party. New York, March 7, 1890-date. English title, The Work- man's Paper. When the DDK1?:! "IJinN was started, this paper became the Sunday edition of the latter. 11H [Weekly.] Edited by Morris Rosenfeld and Abra- ham Michael Sharkansky. New York, 189—. Literary polemics. The last number is entitled T17a£»6p ]Z>n TITl b Tin [Weekly.] Edited by Joel Liebling. Pittsburg, 189 -date(?). NJMM KH [Weekly.] Edited by David Apotheker. Philadel- phia, 1895——. English title, The Present. 3 rDTlJ XH Edited by David Apotheker and Joseph Petri- kovski. New York, 188—. Literary polemics. 15 numbers. DPin Tin [Weekly.] Edited by J. Jaffa, afterwards by Joseph Petrikovski. New York, September, 1889-90. 20 numbers. KH [Weekly.] Published by the group " Pioneers of Liberty"(?). New York, 1889. English title, The Truth. Anarchistic. 20 numbers. l?Eni?3"ll KH [Weekly.] Edited and published by Morris Wechsler. New York, 1888. 12 numbers. DWT'3 TIHKpnreX Tin J»N "WPIUUll Tin [Weekly.] Edited by Nahum Meir Shaikewitz. New York, February 8, 1892—. English title, The Guide in the American Business World. A few numbers. TtfBSl/ll nm [Weekly.] Edited by J. Jaffa. New York, 1893. 8 numbers. • B^lNl NH [Weekly.] Edited by Rayevsky. New York, 1887. }1T KH [Weekly.] Edited by Morris Rosenfeld, Joel Aronson and Jacob Terr. New York, June-July, 1892. English title, The Jewish Sun. 7 numbers. V2"hlVn Edited by George Selikovitsch. New York, May 16, 1898 1898. English title, Daily Jewish Press. -an Published by Mintz, Brody & Co. New York, 189 ^ate. English title, Daily Jewish Herald. Tin ^ is its weekly edition. LIST OF JEWISH PERIODICALS 279

Tin [Weekly.] Edited by Osias Wagman. New York, Philadelphia, 1890-99. p^ "l»B>yKpni>Dtr85'HV "Tin [Annual.] Edited by Alex- ander Harkavy. New York, 1894-date. English title, The Jewish-American People's Calendar. The first 2 volumes were entitled TinJl^Np-Dp^KS Tl«5»JNpn»D« Tin JWDBKO 1>B»1V [Weekly.] Published by Sarasohn & Son. Ju- daeo-Gennan and English. New York, 1874-date. Weekly edition of DDSi?3i;jND D17t5»T' English title, the Jewish Ga- zette. WHV KH [Weekly.] Edited by Leon Zolotkoff. Chicago, 1892-93. p NH [Weekly.] Published by M. Toplowsky and G. Landau. New York, 1878. "lin [Weekly.] Edited by George Selikovitsch. New York, February, 1890—. English title, The Jewish Herald. 26 numbers. pKB TW5»-W Tin [Weekly.] Edited by Nahum Meir Shaikewitz and M. Seiffert. New York, November 29, 1894 1896. English title, The Hebrew Puck. TBO1KB Wni' Tin [Monthly.] Edited by Herman Eosenthal. New York, 1892-93. 11713273 21D DT [Issued on Jewish and American holidays.] Ed- ited and published by Ch. J. Minikes. New York, June 6, 1897-date. English title, Holiday Papers. Dltf^T' New York, 1885. Printed on colored paper. 13 numbers. Published by Sarasohn & Son. Judaso-Ger- man and English. New York, 1885-date. English title, Jew- ish Daily News. pDrtKJ 1K5>HV is its weekly edition. mwan KP'TITDK ^« ps \KH»- nro^rii -I»B>H" in [Weekly] S. Schnur, manager. New York, May 13-Septem- ber 9, 1898. English title, The Jewish Guardian. 15 numbers. "l.pCJ'H" "ljn Edited by Alexander Harkavy. Baltimore, 1889. A few numbers. p TV"! [Daily.] Founded by Leon Zolotkoff. Pub- lished by Sarasohn & Son. Chicago, 1887-date. English title, The Jewish Courier. A weekly before 1892. Now the is its weekly edition. 280 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

p -irB>H" Tin [Weekly.] Published by Gustav Mints!. New York, 1893. English title, The Jewish Recorder. "UK1? im Edited by Nahum Meir Shaikewitz. New York, October 17, 1893-94 (?). Humorous. Its continuations, which usually come bound with it, are Tin .tDniS) TJPnB' Tin ^ Tin ,nV "U;pnK»U [Weekly.] Published by K. H. Sarasohn. New York, 1872. German in Hebrew characters. 4-5 months. ODNS "1JU3K TtfpiK VJ (New York Jewish Abend-Post). [Daily.] Published by Saphirstein & Rosenbaum. New York, Febru- • ary 3, 1899-date. "?i«-rti2>T Tl^H'S in is its weekly edition. Edited by George Selikovitsch. I^'K rt^HV "irpnNny [Semi-monthly]. Edited by Abraham Goldfaden. New York, October 22, 1887-July 12, 1888. English title, The New York Jewish Illustrated Jour- nal. 17 numbers. p^ yvmv -lyp-lX11 V3 (New York Jewish Volkszeitung). [Weekly.] Edited by Moses Mintz and Dr. Braslavsky. New York, 1886-87. Socialistic. J?K»TI' "Wp-IW V3 [Weekly.] Edited by Morris Wechsler. New York, 1885-9 . English title, New York Jewish Times. V") KH [Monthly.] Edited by Abraham Michael Sharkan- sky. New York, 1897. LIST OF JEWISH PERIODICALS 281

)) 17"3 &OT [Weekly.] Edited by Solomon Joseph Silberstein. New York, October 12 and November 2, 1894. English title, The New World. 2 numbers. »"3 KH [Monthly.] Published by the Yiddish-speaking sections of the Socialist Labor Party. New York, May, 1898- -* date. 1?«3 KH [Weekly.] Edited by Rayevsky and Abra- ham Cahan. New York, 1886. Socialistic. A lew numbers. BDN2 »BD»»3 KH [Weekly.] Edited by David Apotheker and Morris Wechsler. New York, 1888. 20 numbers. E!D"3 "ll>"3 Tin [Monthly.] Edited by Alexander Harkavy. New York, September, 1897 1898. Radical. English title, The New Spirit. 10 numbers. ^ yn [Weekly.] Edited and published by Nahum Meir Shaikewitz. New York, 1890. A few numbers. Tin Edited and published by Ephraim Deinard. New- ark, N. J., August, 1891. A few numbers. DKpKinKDp^KB UH [Weekly.] Founded by George Selikovitsch. Published by Mintz, Brody & Co. New York, 1887-date. Weekly edition of i^&njM I^D^Jl'B "yn BKl?3Dpt?K2 [Weekly.] Edited by David Apotheker. New York, 1889. 3 numbers. l^QDiniDp'pKa UH [Weekly.] Edited by John Paley. Philadel- phia, 189—. English title, The People's Guardian. Dp^NB [Monthly.] Edited by Ben-Joshua. Philadelphia, 1893. 2 numbers. -Dptaa m [Annual.] Edited by Abraham Michael Sharkan- sky. New York, 189—. nSDp^KQ 1^1 [Weekly.] Edited by Joseph Selig Glick. New York(?), Pittsburg, 1889-date. V [Daily.] Published by the Jewish Socialist Press Federation. New York, 1897-date. Socialistic. English title, Forward. 1885. 331011V BnNOK' N^B^nN^B [Weekly.] Edited by Hymaji Brodsky and Ch. Malitz. Philadelphia, 189—. DDKS "U?*B^jnK^a [Weekly.] Edited by Osias Wagman. Phila- delphia, 1898. 8 numbers. ^ New York, 1893. A few numbers. na [Weekly.] New York, 189—. Anarch- istic. 282 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

yW J KH [Monthly.] Edited by M. Leontiev and M. Katz. New York, October 15, 1895-June 15, 1897. Anarchistic. p NH [Monthly.] Published by the Yiddish-speaking sections of the Socialist Labor Party. New York, January, 1892- 1897. English title, The Future. j [Monthly.] Edited by Isaac Mirsky and published by the "Lovera of Zion." New York, 1898. English title, The Zionist. 4 numbers. NH [Monthly.] Edited and published by Menahem Mendel Dolitzky. New York, November, 1897-98. English title, The Times. p [Weekly.] Edited by J. Jaffa. New York, 1893. 5 numbers. [Weekly.] Edited by Joseph Aaron Bluestone and others. New York, 1890. Zionistic. WK BINtSC -|jn [Monthly.] Edited by Philip Krantz and Abraham Michael Sharkansky. New York, 1893. English title, The City Guide. 3 numbers. JTS Y«2Np'B> Edited by Leon Zolotkoff. Chicago, 189—. English title, Chicago Jewish Daily News. ysilKW Published by Sarasohn & Son. Chicago, 189—date. Weekly edition of TJ?mp -|.TK>H" T JEWISH STATISTICS 283

JEWISH STATISTICS The statistics of Jews in the world rests largely upon estimates. In sotne English colonies, in Bussia, Austria-Hungary, Germany and a few" other countries official figures purporting to be accurate are furnished. In the main, however, the figures rest upon estimates repeated and added to by one statistical authority after another. In spite of the unsatisfactory methods by which the figures are reached, there are certain checks which warrant the statement that the numbers given are approximately correct. The totals, moreover, do not represent a maxi- mum, as most of the figures (excepting those for England, Russia and the United States) are based on the census of 1890 and 1891. THE UNITED STATES As the census of the United States has, in accordance with the spirit of American institutions, taken no heed of the religious convictions of American citizens, whether native-born or naturalized, all statements concerning the number of Jews living in this country are based upon estimate, though several of the estimates have been most conscientiously made. In 1818 Mordecai M. Noah estimated the Jewish population at. 3,000 In 1826 Isaac C. Harby estimated 6,000 In 1840 American Almanac 15,000 In 1848 M. A. Berk 50,000 In 1880 Wm. B. Hackenburg 230,257 In 1888 Isaac Markens. 400,000 In 1897 David Sulzberger 937,800 JEWISH IMMIGRATION INTO THE UNITED STATES, 1885-1899 New York Philadelphia Baltimore 1885 18,535 1,076 1886 27,348 2,310 1887 25,788 1,680 1888 29,602 1,761 1889 22,674 1,288 1890 32,321 1,982 1891 62,574 4,984 1,581 1892 52,134 3,039 5,152 1893 25,678 5,324 1,941 284 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

New York Philadelphia Baltimore 1894 16,381 3,825 1,902 1895 27,065 2,791 2,221 1896 23,802 2,499 1,817 1897 17,278 1,752 1,654 1898 22,921 3,079 2,409 To July, 1899 12,909 1,463 417,010 36,390 20,140 Immigration for 1881-1884 74,310 New York, 1885-1899 417,010 Philadelphia, 1885-1899 36,390 Baltimore, 1885-1899 20,140 Total 547,850 If we add this immigration to the estimate of Mr. Hackenburg made in 1880, we secure a total of 778,107, without making any allowance for the natural increase in 20 years, nor for the immigration through Canada and other ports of the United States than New York, Philadelphia and Baltimore. The following tentative estimate by States is given, being based with a few modifications on the tables of Mr. D. Sulzberger: Alabama 6,000 Missouri . 35,000 Arizona 2,000 Montana . 2,500 Arkansas 4,000 Nebraska , . 2,000 California 35,000 Nevada . 2,500 Colorado 10,500 New Hampshire . . 1,000 Connecticut 6,000 New Jersey . 25,000 N. and S. Dakota 3,500 New Mexico . 2,000 Delaware 3,000 New York , 400,000 District of Columbia... 3,500 North Carolina., . 12,000 Florida 2,500 Ohio . 50,000 Georgia 7,000 Oregon . 6,000 Idaho 2,000 Pennsylvania.... . 95,000 Illinois 95,000 Rhode Island.., . 3,500 Indiana 25,000 South Carolina ., . 8,000 Iowa 5,000 Tennessee . 15,000 Kansas 3,500 Texas . 15,000 Kentucky 12,000 Utah . 5,000 Louisiana 20,000 Vermont . 1,000 Maine 5,000 Virginia . 18,000 Maryland 35,000 Washington.... . 2,800 Massachusetts 20,000 West Virginia.. . 6,000 Michigan 9,000 Wisconsin . 10,000 Minnesota 6,000 Wyoming . 1,000 Mississippi 5,000 Total 1,043,800 JEWISH STATISTICS 385

THE BKITISH EMPIRE England, Wales 97,350 India 17,194 Scotland 2,060 Cape Colony 3,009 Ireland 1,779 Gibraltar 1,000 Australasia 15,268 Malta 173 Canada and British Aden 2,836 Columbia 6,414 Cyprus 127 Barbadoes 21 Hong Kong 143 Trinidad 31 Straits Settlement 535 Jamaica *200 Total 148,130 GENERAL JEWISH STATISTICS The United States ... 1,043,800 Orange Free State 113 The British Empire.. 148,130 Persia 25,000 Abyssinia (Falashas). 120,000 Peru 498 Argentine Republic.. 6,735 Portugal 300 Austria-Hungary 1,860,106 Roumania 300,000 Belgium 4,000 tRussia 5,700,000 Costa Rica 35 Servia 4,652 Denmark 4,080 South African Republic 10,000 France 72,000 Spain 2,500 Algeria 43,500 Sweden and Norway.. 3,402 Tunis 45,000 Switzerland 8,069 Germany 567,884 Tripolis J 60,000 Greece 5,792 Turkey $350,000 Italy 38,000 Bulgaria 16,290 Morocco 150,000 Egypt 25,200 Netherlands 97,324 Turkistan and Afghan- Surinam 1,250 istan 14,000 Curacoa 831 Total 10,728,491 * This number is a mere estimate. Neither the Statesman's Tear Book, nor the Handbook of Jamaica, nor Mr. Joseph Jacobs gives any figures for Jamaica. t In 1896,15,831 Jews were drafted into the Russian army. t The Statesman's Year Book gives 466,361 Jews in the Ottoman Empire. In some of the figures, however, the statement is " Jews, etc." On the other hand the Jews of Salonika are not counted. They probably form a community as large as that of Constantinople. 286 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAE BOOK

A LIST OF LEADING EVENTS IN 5659

SEPTEMBER 17, 1898, TO AUGUST 15, 1899 1898 SEPTEMBER 21. Eev. Dr. Joseph H. Hertz, of Syracuse, graduate of the Jewish Theological Seminary, New York, installed as minister of the Witwatersrand Old Hebrew Congregation, Johannesburg, South African Eepublic. 26. The French Cabinet votes for a revision of the Dreyfus case; the papers are sent to the Court of Cassation. — Jewish political clubs in Vienna favor the establishment of Denominational Schools. — Hon. Oscar S. Straus proceeds to Constantinople to the post of United States Minister. OCTOBEE 1. The civil department of the St. Petersburg Senate decides that insurance companies are not liable for damages done by fire in the course of anti-Jewish disturbances. 5200 Jews expelled from Kieff, 1006 from the surrounding villages. 3. Dr. Theodore Herzl addresses an audience of 6500 at the Great Assembly Hallt Mile End, London. American Jews not permitted to land at Jaffa, in Palestine. 4. Death of Jacob Content, rabbi of the German Jewish community of Amsterdam, aged 80. 10. Mr. Israel Zangwill delivers his first lecture in the United States. 11,200 Jewish children refused admission to the Public Schools (elementary and secondary) of Eotiniania. Death of David Henriques de Castro, archaeologist, at Amsterdam. 15. The Eussian Minister of Education makes instruction in the Jewish religion obligatory upon Jewish pupils in St. Petersburg. 16. The Jewish quarter of Kossow, East Galicia, attacked; 10 Jews killed. M. Yves Guyot, editor of Le Siecle, guest of the Macca- baeans, London. 23. Death of Tobias Tal, chief rabbi of the Hague. LIST OF LEADING EVENTS 287

OCTOBER 24. Death of David Levi, poet, at Turin, aged 77. Max Regis, anti-Semite, elected mayor of Algiers by 36 votes out of 37. — Death of Fabius Mieses, scholar, at Leipsic. During October, " The Ethics of Judaism," by Professor M. Lazarus, Vol. I, appeared, and " Moses," a Biblical drama, by Ludwig Klausner-Dawoe, was read at the Urania Theatre, Berlin. NOVEMBER 1. A law promulgated in St. Petersburg permitting the establishment of a Hebrew Agricultural Colony on the estate of Baron Horace Giinzburg at Djenan-Abad in Bess- arabia. 2. Dr. Theodore Herzl and a Zionist deputation received by the German Emperor in Jerusalem. 8. Dr. Benedict S. Levi, rabbi of Giessen, celebrates the seventieth anniversary of obtaining his degree of Doctor. 22. Destructive fire in the Jewish quarter of Jassy.Roumania. 25. The Eabbinical Association of Pennsylvania founded. 28. Anti-Jewish demonstration at Horodyszcze Cetnarskie, Galicia. — Amelia Rosselli receives a prize of 2000 lire, at Turin, for her drama " Anima." DECEMBER 5. Death of Adolph Kulke, journalist, poet and novel- ist, aged 75. 6. 16th meeting and 25th anniversary of the Union of Ameri- can Hebrew Congregations, at Richmond. Dr. S. Schechter elected professor of Hebrew at University College, London. 17. Death of Baron Ferdinand James Anselm de Rothschild, M. P., in Buckinghamshire, England, aged 59. 26. Seventh annual meeting of the American Jewish Historical Society at Philadelphia. 27. Twenty-fifth anniversary of the Berlin Rabbinical Semin- ary. 28. The Rabbinical Tribunal of Tunis reorganized by the government. — Rabbi Wohlgemuth, of Hamburg, dies, aged nearly 90. — First Congress of Jewish Unions of Teachers in the Ger- man Empire. 1899 JANUARY 6. Sanitatsrath Dr. Neumann completes 40 years' membership of the City Council of Berlin. 288 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

JANUARY 11. Max Regis dismissed as mayor of Algiers. First Jewish Synagogue in New Brunswick consecrated. 14. Death of Kalman Schulmann, Hebrew writer; at Wilna, aged 80. 15. Twenty-fifth anniversary of the establishment of Sunday Services, celebrated in Temple Sinai, Chicago. 22. The English Zionist Federation formed. 23. Honorary degree of LL. D. conferred on Chief Rabbi Her- man Adler by the University of St. Andrews. 25. Dr. Max Nordau delivers an address on Zionism to 2000 persons in Vienna. Baron and Baroness Edmond de Rothschild arrive at Jaffa, in Palestine. FEBRUARY 16. The Council of Jewish Women presents a report to the National Council of Women of the United States, at its convention in Washington. 19. Elsa Neumann receives the Doctor title from the Univer- sity of Berlin, the first woman so distinguished. MARCH 10. Death of Mme. Coralie Cahn, at Paris, aged 67. 13. The Central Conference of American Rabbis meets at Cincinnati. 14. Celebration of the eightieth anniversary of the birthday of the Rev. Dr. Isaac M. Wise, of Cincinnati. First meeting of the Victoria Beth Din, or Board of Jew- ish Delegates, at Melbourne. Death of Dr. Ludwig Bamberger, in Berlin, aged 75. Death of Dr. Hayim Steinthal, in Berlin, aged 76. 17. Dedication of Isaiah Temple, Chicago. 26. The Jewish community of Mitau celebrates the centenary of the promulgation of the law permitting Jews to settle in Courland. 28. Subscription lists for shares in the Jewish Colonial Bank opened. During March the following works appeared: " Elemen- tary Chapters on Jewish Literature," by Israel Abrahams; "Yiddish Literature in the Nineteenth Century," by Leo Wiener. APRIL 1. Death of Baroness Clara de Hirsch de Gereuth at Paris. 4. Death of Dr. Benedict S. Levi, rabbi of Giessen, aged 93. 5. Anti-Jewish riot at Nachod, Bohemia. LIST OP LEADING EVENTS 289 APRIL 11. Death of Abraham Ber Gottlober, scholar, at Bielo- stock, aged 88. 23. Dedication of the Chicago Home for Jewish Orphans. — First Jewish congregation formed at Caracas, Venezuela. — Death of Alexandre Weill. MAT 2. Anti-Jewish riot at Nicolaiev, Government of Kherson, Southern Russia. Death of Martin Eduard von Simson, aged 88. 5. Anti-Jewish riots at the Jewish agricultural colonies Nahartov, Eomanovka, and Droboje, Government of Kherson, Russia. 7. Dedication of Mount Zion Hospital, San Francisco, Cal. 13. Seventieth anniversary of the birthday of Rev. Dr. M. Jastrow, Philadelphia. Foreign Jews forbidden to enter St. Petersburg. 16. Death of Jacob Ezekiel, of Cincinnati, aged 87. 17. Death of Joseph Rabinovitch, founder of the " New Israel " sect, at Kischineff. 18. Dedication of the Solomon Loeb Hebrew Charities' Build- ing, New York. 19. National Conference of Jewish Charities organized in Cincinnati. 21. Eleventh annual meeting of the Jewish Publication Society of America, at Philadelphia. The Jewish Colonization Association meets in Paris. 28. F. C. Conybeare, author of a book on the Dreyfus case, guest of the Maccabseans, London. Anti-Jewish riot at Jassy, Roumania. Anti-Jewish disturbances at Uman, Government of Kieff, Russia. — Death of Joel Deutsch, pioneer in the oral instruction of deaf-mutes, at Vienna. During May, " Nineteen Letters of Samson Raphael Hirsch," translated by Rev. Dr. B. Drachman, were published. JUNE 7. Death of G. E. Bedarrides, president of one of the Chambers of the French Court of Cassation in 1877, at the age of 82. 8. Col. G. Picquart released from prison. Death of Fischl Hirsch, Hebrew bookseller, at Berlin. 10. Captain Alfred Dreyfus leaves Devil's Isle for France. 19 290 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

JUNE 12. Waldemar M. HafEkine, C. I. E., guest of the Macca- bseans, London. Death of Dr. E. Hildesheimer, rabbi at Berlin, aged 79. 16. Commencement of the Hebrew Union College, Cincinnati. 17. Dr. Herman Baar severs his connection with the Hebrew Orphan Asylum, New York. 18. Death of Joseph Goldstein, Chief Cantor of the Vienna community, aged 60. Second annual conference of the American Federation of Zionists in Baltimore. 21. Delegates of the Council of Jewish Women to the Inter- national Congress of Women address a meeting at Mrs. Leo- pold de Rothschild's, London. 26. Annual Conference of the English Zionist Federation, London. 27. Commencement of the Jewish Theological Seminary, New York. 28. Mass-meeting of Jewish residents of Johannesburg, South African Republic, to protest against Jewish disabilities. — Death of Isaac Weill, chief rabbi of Strasburg, aged 58. JULY, 3. Dreyfus arrives in France. 7. Death of Rachel, Lady Simon, in London, aged 76. 9. Death of Professor David Kaufmann, of Buda-Pesth, at Carlsbad, aged 47. 14. Third Summer Assembly of the Jewish Chautauqua opens in Atlantic City, N. J. During July appeared " The Wisdom of Ben Sira, portions of the book Ecclesiasticus from Hebrew Manuscripts in the Cairo Geniza collection." Edited by S. Schechter, M. A., and C. Taylor, D. D. AUGUST 7. Beginning of the second Dreyfus trial, at Rennes. 15. Third International Congress of Zionists at Basle, Switzer- land. ADVERTISEMENTS 291 DESIGN AND EXECUTE ALL FORMS OF MEMORIALS J. &R. for religious buildings and LAMB, cemeteries. STAINED GLASS Windows and METAL Tablets for the walls~... MONUMENTS in MARBLE, GRANITE and STONE Send for photographs of important work recently executed Designs submitted for work desired to be erected in any part t%i m^C* ^^J• ^^9t^^^^ jy^wy i3p^ *J9^ M2^^ ^^r^ ^^*^ ^^^^ BANGALORE BOOK PAPERS.

ROUGH, WOVE AND LAID. MEDIUM JINISH, Deckle Edge, . . 4^c. Ib. mACHINE FINISH, ^c. Ib. Sample Book giving sizes and weights, kept in stock, furnished upon application. John Dickinson & Co*, LIMITED, 66 FIFTH AVENUE, Telephone No. 2924 18th. NEW YORK CITY. 292 ADVEKTISEMENTS

INDEX TO ADVEETISEES

PAGE

AMERICAN HEBREW, THE v

DAVIDSON'S, DR., EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTE 299

DICKINSON, JOHN, & CO '. 391

FRIEDENWALD COMPANY, THE iv

JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY OF AMERICA, THE 294-297

LAMB, J. & K 291

MASSACHUSETTS MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY, THE II

MERCANTILE NATIONAL BANK, THE, OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK vi

PHOENIX MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY, THE HI

STAR ALPACA BRAID 293

WEINGART INSTITUTE 298 1

WiM[^kJ?COm€w>-:>y • „• :••-.- •[. •;:-•

: : : •:, -;v: :.; v ;v,,: X;:: i STAR ALPACA nBRAID fe^ is w

•'•:'v-'-.-^1 Illli I 294 ADVERTISEMENTS PUBLICATIONS OF THE Jewish Publication Society of America HISTORY HISTOEY OF THE JEWS.—By PROFESSOR H. GRAETZ. $2.00 per volume; $9.00 per set of 6 volumes. VOL. I. FROM THE EARLIEST PERIOD TO THE DEATH OP SIMON THE MACCABEE (135 B. c. B.). 55!' pp. VOL. II. FROM THE REIGN OP HYRCANTJS TO THE COMPLETION OP THE BABYLONIAN TALMUD (500 c. E.) 656 pp. VOL. III. FROM THE COMPLETION OP THE BABYLONIAN TALMUD TO THE BANISHMENT OF THE JEWS FROM ENGLAND (1290 c. E.). 675 pp. VOL. IV. FROM THE RISE OP THE KABBALA (1270 c. E.) TO THE PER- MANENT SETTLEMENT OP THE MARRANOS IN HOLLAND (1648 c. E.). 743 pp. VOL. V. FROM THE CHMIELNICKI PERSECUTION IN POLAND (1648 c. E.) TO THE PRESENT TIME. 766 pp. VOL. VI. CONTAINING A MEMOIR OP THE AUTHOR BY DR. PHILIPP BLOCH, AN INDEX TO THE FIVE VOLUMES, MAPS, AND A CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE OP JEWISH HISTORY. " Professor Graetz is the historiographer par excellence of the Jews. His work, at present the authority upon the subject of Jewish history, bids fair to hold its pre-eminent position for some time, perhaps decades."—Preface to Index Volume. OUTLINES OF JEWISH HISTOEY. From the Return from Babylon to the Present Time.—By Lady MAGNUS. Eevised by M. FRTEDLANDER. With three Maps, a Frontispiece, and Chronological Tables. 388 pp. Library Edition, $1.00; School Edition, 75 cents. " The entire work is one of great interest; it is written with modera- tion, and yet with a fine enthusiasm for the great race which is set before the reader's mind."—Atlantic Monthly. CHAPTEES ON JEWISH LITEEATURE.—By ISRAEL ABRAHAMS. 275 pp. $1.25. " The author has performed his task with admirable taste and judg ment. He has written a primer of Jewish literature, it is true, an elementary manual, so to speak, but it is agreeably free from the faults of abruptness and fragmentariness so common to that class of booklets. It is not a mere bibliography, nor is it a collection of names and works ; but a sketch in outline, warmed by the author's sympathetic treatment and enriched by his suggestive genius."—Jewish Messenger. ADVERTISEMENTS g95

A SKETCH OF JEWISH HISTORY.—By GUSTAV KAEPEI^S. 109 pp. Boards. 30 cents. (Special Series No. 5.) " Dr. Karpeles's standpoint is a sane one, and his intimate acquaint- ance with the details of his subject has in no degree confused his sketch of the general development."—Critic. JEWJSH LIFE IN THE MIDDLE AGES.—By ISRAEL ABRAHAMS. 452 pp. $1.75. >' Mr. Abrahams has really done a very good and useful piece of work. He has taken up one side of mediaeval life, and given us the means of getting a thorough understanding of it."—Bookman. OLD EUROPEAN JEWRIES.—By DAYID PHILIPSON. 281 pp. $1.25. "Philipson's book is a very valuable historical and ethnographical contribution."—GUSTAV KARPELES, Allgemeine Zeitung des Judenthums. THE PERSECUTION OF THE JEWS IN RUSSIA.—87 pp. Paper. 25 cents. (Special Series No. 1.) " The pamphlet is full of facts, and will inform people very fully in regard to the basis of the complaints made by the Jews against Russia."—Public Opinion.

ESSAYS AND MISCELLANEOUS WORKS JEWISH SERVICES IN SYNAGOGUE AND HOME.—By LEWIS N. DEMBITZ. 487 pp. $1.75. " A work which will keep up the knowledge and remembrance of the devotional life of the Jews as it was in the past, and of the liturgical literature as it evolved throughout ages and in various countries."— Jewish Spectator. STUDIES IN JUDAISM.—By S. SCHECHTEB. 359 pp. $1.75. " Mr. Schechter is one of the few men whom we possess to-day who seem to understand that to popularize Judaism is not unworthy of the greatest scholar."—EMIL G. HIRSCH, Reform, Advocate. JEWISH LITERATURE AND OTHER ESSAYS.—By GUSTAV KABPELES. 404 pp. $1.25. " The essays have the charm of an attractive style, combined with a subject of great and varied interest."—Independent. SABBATH HOURS. Thoughts.—By LIEBMAN ADLEB. 338 pp. $1.25. " Rabbi Adler was a man of strong and fertile mind, and his sermons, are eminently readable."—Sunday-School Times. SOME JEWISH WOMEN.—By HENRY ZIRNDORF. 270 pp. $1.25. " The side-lights which this book casts upon rabbinic life and thought will attract readers."—Critic. 296 ADVERTISEMENTS

THE TALMUD.—By ABSENE DABMESTETEB. Translated from the French by HENRIETTA SZOLD. Boards. 30 cents. (Spe- cial Series No. 4.) "Few persons know what ' The Talmud' signifies. The booklet, with this title. . . .is multum inparvo on this theine. That stupendous library of rabbinic lore is here described with a fulness and a clearness not surpassed in many larger and more pretentious works."—Dial. THE TALMUD.—Reprinted from the "Literary Remains" of EMANTJEL DEfUTSCH. Boards. 30 cents. (Special Series No. 3.) "When first published... .made its author, then one of the under- librarians at the British Museum, famous, and still remains an admirable short study."—Atlantic Monthly. READINGS AND RECITATIONS. For Jewish Homes and Schools. —Compiled by ISABEL E. COHEN. 294 pp. $1.25. " This book should be found in every Jewish home; it should find its way into every Jewish Sabbath-school; for none will lay it aside without feeling that a religion which could intone such songs and inspire such bards has every claim upon the intelligent reverence of those in its household born."—EMIL G. HIRSOH, Reform Advocate. PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIRST CONVENTION OF THE NA- TIONAL COUNCIL OF JEWISH WOMEN (New York, 1896). 426 pp. $1.00. "Among the many speeches recorded, we have found several of much more than ordinary power."—Public Opinion. PAPERS OF THE JEWISH WOMEN'S CONGRESS (Chicago, 1893). 270 pp. $1.00. " This collection interprets the motive force which actuates the daughters of Israel under all life's circumstances, and it is certainly to the credit of the Jewish women of America that they should have been able to so effectually voice the sentiments and thoughts that pervade their sex."—Jewish World, London.

FICTION LOST PRINCE ALMON.—By Louis PENDLETON. Illustrated. 218 pp. 75 cents. " It is a charmingly written story of the little Prince Jehoash, son of Ahaziah, whom the Prince Jehoiada had rescued from the clutches of Athaliah. .. .Our Sunday School literature is so extremely poor that we hail this volume with particular delight, and we predict that it will soon be one of the most popular gift books for Jewish children."— Jewish Voice. ADVEETISEMENTS 297

DEEAMEKS OF THE GHETTO.—By I. ZANGWILL. 537 pp. $1.50. Sold to Members only. " With marvelous industry, and with no small amount of erudition, he has packed together into the scenes dealing with Uriel Acosta, Sab- batai Zevi, Spinoza, the Baal Shem, Maimon, Heine, Lassalle and Bea- consfield, just those incidents and sayings of their careers which bring out most clearly their Jewish aspects."—JOSEPH JACOBS, Bookman. IN THE PALE. Stories and Legends of the Russian Jews.—By HENBY ILIOWIZI. 367 pp. $1.25. "Henry Iliowizi... .is a master of both humor and pathos, as is shown in his book of stories and legends entitled 'In the Pale.'"— Sunday-School Times. CHILDREN OF THE GHETTO.—By I. ZANGWILL. 2 vols. 451 pp., 325 pp. $2.50. "Nowhere else have been given us more realistic pictures of the shabbiness, the unwholesomeness, the close-packed human misery, the squalor, the vulgarity, the sharp struggle in the mean competition of life, in the East End of London. . . .[But] there is a world of poetry, of dreams, of imagination, of high calling, of intellectual subtlety even, in which sordid London, not Jewish, has no part nor lot."— CHARLES DUDLEY WAENEE, Harper's Magazine. EABBI AND PEIEST.—By MILTON GOLDSMITH. 314 pp. $1.00. '• The author has attempted to depict faithfully the customs and practices of the Russian people and government in connection with the Jewish population of that country. The book is a strong and well- written story."—Public Opinion. THINK AND THANK.—By S. W. COOPEB. Illustrated. 120 pp. 50 cents. "Sir Moses Monteflore is the hero of this story.,...'Think and Thank' will please boys, and it will be found popular in Sunday-school libraries."— New York Herald. VOEGELE'S MARRIAGE AND OTHER TALES.—By Louis SCHNABBL. 83 pp. Paper. 25 cents. (Special Series No. 2.) " 'The False Turn ' is a charming little sketch, and the humor of it very delicate and amusing. 'Voegele's Marriage' I find also very artistic and interesting."—EMMA LAZARUS. Publications sent from the Society's office post-paid. For sale by the Trade. SPECIAL TERMS TO SCHOOLS AND LIBRARIES. The Jewish Publication Society of America, J0J5 ARCH STREET (P. O. Box JJ64), 20 PHILADELPHIA, PA. 298 ADVERTISEMENTS Weingart Institute,

22 and 24 EAST 91st STREET,

Bet. Madison and Fifth Aves. IN CW Y OtK. V^ltV*

¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ H Select H)a$ anb Boarfcina Scbool. ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ j* EXCELLENT HOME for a limited number of boys. Careful attention paid to physical, intellectual and moral training. Efficient staff of teachers. Beautiful location and healthful accommodations. Prepares for all colleges and universities, also for business. Refers to all the leading rabbis of the country and to the most prominent members of the Jewish community of the City of New York. & jt jfi j* Jt J*

TERMS: $500 per School Year.

For further information, apply to the Principal, S. WEINGART, 22 AND 24 EAST 91ST STREET. NEW YORK. ADVERTISEMENTS 299 tdmatloml A BOARDING SCHOOL FOR BOYS. AN IDEAL VACATION SCHOOL. A HOME FOR YOUNG MEN STUDYINO IN NEW YORK. Jewish parents throughout the United States are respectfully informed that Dr. David Davidson of New York, well known to all the leading ministers in the country, will establish at the end of the School Year 1900, A SUMMER VACATION SCHOOL in the mountains, but a few( hours from New York. The children en- trusted to his care will have a thoroughly enjoyable vacation, with just enough study to render recuperation pleasant and profitable for body and mind. Special attention will be paid by competent teachers to those who are slow in their studies and desire to achieve rapid advancement when the school opens. But the chief aim will be to enhance the health and strength" of all pupils by invigorating outdoor exercise. But a very limited number of boys will be received. Early application is, therefore, desirable. Dr. Davidson will open in the fall of 1900 A BOARDING AND DAY SCHOOL in the most desirable locality in the City of New York, with a Staff of Teachers of recognized ability. The Course of Instruction, in accordance with the highest modern standard of pedagogic principles and methods, will comprise: I. English Department (Primary, Intermediate). II. College—Preparatory Department (embracing those studies which are required for admission into the various colleges of New York). III. Commercial Department: Particularly for such young men who are beyond the average school age and wish to obtain a thorough education for a commercial career. It will be Dr. Davidson's most earnest solicitude that the children under his guide and guardianship shall receive, besides an excellent secular training, also an efficient religious education, and the benefits of the ennobling influences of true home-life, which are so essential in character-building and in paving the way to success and happiness. Dr. Davidson will accommodate a few young men attending Columbia University, New York University or other institutions, affording them all the amenities of a pleasant home, and assistance in their studies, and the use of his choice and extensive library. For further information, address DR. DAVID DAVIDSON, Post Office Box 2551. NEW YORK.