OFFICERS AND BOARD OF TRUSTEES Robert L. Freedman, Chairman Harvey Sicherman, President Bruce H. Hooper, Samuel J. Savit, Marvin Wachman, Vice Chairs Alan H. Luxenberg, Vice President Charles B. Grace, Treasurer
John H. Ball Alexander M. Haig, Jr. Frank N. Piasecki W. W. Keen Butcher N. Peter Hamilton Alan L. Reed Robert E. Carr Graham Humes Eileen Rosenau Ahmed Charai Scott M. Jenkins J. G. Rubenstein John Gilray Christy John F. Lehman Lionel Savadove Edward M. Dunham, Jr. Richard B. Lieb Adele K. Schaeffer Robert A. Fox David Lucterhand Edward L. Snitzer Frank Giordano I. Wistar Morris III John M. Templeton, Jr. Barbara J. Gohn Ronald J. Naples Bruce D. Wietlisbach Susan H. Goldberg Marshall W. Pagon Dov S. Zakheim FOREIGN POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE Jack O. Greenberg, M.D. James M. Papada III
Board of Advisors James Courter Bernard Lewis Richard Thornburgh 20072007 AANNUNNUALAL RREPOREPORTT Midge Decter William H. McNeill Murray Weidenbaum Samuel P. Huntington Martin Peretz Robert D. Kaplan James R. Thompson PRESENTINGSPONSORS IN MEMORIAM OF THE 2007 ANNUAL DINNER The Trustees, Fellows and Staff of FPRI regret the passing in 2007 of two long-time and valuable members of FPRI’s Board of Trustees, Martin Meyerson (June 2) and William H. Wurster (June 18).
DDRSRS.J.JOHNOHN& JJOSEPOSEPHINEHINETTEMPLETEMPLETONON Foreign Policy Research Institute WW.. WW.K.KEENEENBBUTUTCHERCHER 1528 Walnut Street, Suite 610 • Philadelphia, PA 19102-3684 Tel. 215-732-3774 • Fax 215-732-4401 E-Mail [email protected] • www.fpri.org THE 2007 ANNUAL DINNER
I support FPRI because it’s not afraid to say that America, despite its flaws, has been a force for good in the world. —FPRI Trustee John M. Templeton Jr., quoted in National Review, April 16, 2007.
1 The Foreign Policy Research Institute’s 2007 ANNUAL DINNER Featuring the presentation of
THE 3RD ANNUAL
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN PUBLIC SERVICE AWARD
to
PHILIP ZELIKOW
Address following the Presentation on America’s Role in the World
Thursday, November 15, 2007 The Westin Hotel – Philadelphia 99 South 17th Street at Liberty Place
Chairs, Annual Dinner: John M. Templeton, Jr. and Ronald J. Naples Chair, Special Events: Susan H. Goldberg Chairman of the Board: Robert L. Freedman
2 THE BENJAMIN FRANKLIN AWARD FOR PUBLIC SERVICE
FPRI seeks to bring the best of scholarship to bear on foreign policy issues and emphasizes the importance of public service on behalf of the nation. These two elements are also symbolized by the career of Benjamin Franklin, who devoted himself from an early age to public service and to resolving problems through objective analysis, drawing upon the best knowledge available. Franklin’s international career culminated in his role as a diplomat whose work proved crucial in securing American independence. In 2005, on the occasion of FPRI’s 50th anniversary and on the eve of Benjamin Franklin’s 300th birthday, we presented the first annual Benjamin Franklin Award for Public Service, to honor Americans whose public service exemplifies the ideals of Benjamin Franklin and the United States. That first award was presented to Dr. Henry A. Kissinger, and the second to journalist Charles Krauthammer. This year, the trustees of FPRI are pleased to designate Philip Zelikow as the third honoree.
PHILIP ZELIKOW
Philip Zelikow is the White Burkett Miller Professor of History at the University of Virginia and serves on the advisory panel for global development of the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. From 2005-07 he was Counselor of the State Department, and in 2003-04 he was executive director of the 9/11 Commission, the most wide-ranging government investigation in U.S. history. In 2001 he directed the Carter-Ford commission on federal election reform, which successfully guided legislation and spending to revamp America’s election systems. From 2001-03 he was also a member of the President’s Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board.
When not in government, Zelikow has taught and directed research programs at Harvard University and at University of Virginia, where he directed the Miller Center of Public Affairs from 1998-2005. His books include The Kennedy Tapes (with Ernest May, Norton); Essence of Decision (revised edition with Graham Allison, Longman); and Germany Unified and Europe Transformed (with Condoleezza Rice, Harvard University Press).
3 PROGRAM
Welcoming Remarks – Ronald J. Naples Presentation of Colors – Drexel ROTC Honor Guard (“Task Force Dragon Army ROTC”) America the Beautiful - Brass Quintet
Dinner Presentation of the Third Annual Benjamin Franklin Public Service Award to Philip Zelikow by Robert L. Freedman, Chairman, Harvey Sicherman, President, Susan H. Goldberg, Special Events Chair, and Ronald J. Naples, Dinner Co-chair
Keynote Address – America’s Role in the World Philip Zelikow Closing Remarks – Ronald J. Naples Musical Tribute to the U.S. Armed Forces - Brass Quintet (David Ludwig, Artistic Director)
Adjournment
4 2007 PARTNERS (as of October 19, 2007)
PRESENTING SPONSORS DRS.JOHN &JOSEPHINE TEMPLETON W. W. K EEN BUTCHER DIAMOND PLUS Robert E. Carr Ahmed Charai Wurster Family Foundation DIAMOND Robert L. Freedman Hamilton Family Foundation N. Peter Hamilton
PLATINUM
Boeing Integrated Defense Systems Prudent Management Associates The Cotswold Foundation Alan L. Reed Henry G. Garson Bernice and Jerry G. Rubenstein Bob Guzzardi The Savitz Organization Halpern Associates Selma and Samuel J. Savitz Haverford Trust Company Adele K. Schaeffer Bruce and Eileen Hooper Edward L. Snitzer Rocco Martino Binney and Bruce Wietlisbach I. Wistar Morris III
GOLD
Dov S. Zakheim
5 SILVER John H. Ball John F. Lehman Dechert LLP The Newell Foundation The Glenmede Trust Company N.A. Quaker Chemical Corporation Susan and Woody Goldberg Eileen Rosenau Jack O. Greenberg Lionel and Patricia Savadove Graham Humes Marvin Wachman Scott and Yardley Jenkins BRONZE Beneficial Savings Bank Legg Mason Mr. and Mrs. Irwin J. Borowsky Murray Levin Dr. and Mrs. Jonas Brachfeld James M. Papada III Richard P. Brown, Jr. John E. Osborn Mr. and Mrs. Robert L. Byers Thomas G. Ruth Cephalon, Inc. Stephen Segal Michael Olin Clark Murray H. Shusterman CMS Companies Paul Silberberg Gerard P. Cuddy Constance and Joseph Smukler Mr. & Mrs. John R. Haines George Strawbridge, Jr. Joseph J. Hill Technitrol, Inc. Tatnall Hillman Carroll and Charlotte Weinberg James Kurth Peppi Wister
We also thank our Dinner Supporters Bennett Aaron Leroy E. Kean James Agger Dr. Henry Kissinger Ed Bacharach Peggy Kruza Hon. Adrian Basora Gerry Lenfest George J. Baxter Joseph H. Levine Peter and Victoria Dachowski David Luchterhand Theodore Friend A. Bruce Mainwaring Ivan H. Gabel McFarlane Associates Robert Galvin Parkway Corporation Nancy Gilboy John W. Piasecki Mr. and Mrs. Richard W. Graham II Dr. Harry Rosenthal Hon. Alexander M. Haig, Jr. Douglas Simon Mrs. Dorrance Hamilton Peter Spitz Cheryl and Fred Halpern VADM George P. Steele, Joseph J. Janos III (USN, Ret.) Mr. and Mrs. Morgan R. Jones Joseph S. Zuritsky Jerome Kaplan
6 2007 FPRI HIGHLIGHTS
Highlights of FPRI’s research, publications, events, and media coverage in 2007 are presented below by major programmatic areas.
ANEW AMERICAN STRATEGY America needs a long-term national strategy to meet the challenges to its security. These include not only terrorism but also the changing foreign policies of countries such as Russia and China and the effects of economic globalization. Harvey Sicherman, president of FPRI and a former aide to three U.S. secretaries of state, is writing a book entitled Cheap Hawks, Cheap Doves, and the Pursuit of American Strategy, that will address our national security imperative from a geopolitical and historical perspective.
“Counterinsurgency has a vital political component characterized by the “three C’s”. A new government must be able to: (1) co-opt important political groups, (2) corrupt others to cooperate; and (3) coerce those who refuse. Good counterinsurgency political policy reduces the “coercibles” to the smallest number.” —Harvey Sicherman, in his January 2007 FPRI Enote, “Iraq Endgame.”
7 CENTER ON TERRORISM,COUNTERTERRORISM, AND HOMELAND SECURITY Co-chairs: Stephen Gale and Michael Radu The Center on Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Homeland Security, founded after 9/11, studies international terrorism, examines critical vulnerabilities in America’s infrastructure, and suggests ways to improve homeland security.
In December 2006, the Center sponsored a two-day conference, Five Years After 9/11: What Needs To Be Done? keynoted by Vice Adm. (Ret.) Lowell E. Jacoby of CACI International. At the invitation of conference participant Col. James Powers, director of the Pennsylvania Office of Homeland Security, Drs. Gale and Sicherman subsequently attended a July 6 meeting in Harrisburg of the Homeland Security and Emergency Preparedness Advisory Council, of which FPRI was made a permanent member. Also attending were CEOs of companies responsible for critical infrastructure in Pennsylvania. On September 24, the Center held a one-day seminar on Public and Private Cooperation on Critical Infrastructure, featuring a keynote address by John J. Guest, U.S. Department of Homeland Security Regional Protective Security Advisor for the Mid-Atlantic Region.
On Jan. 24, 2007, the Center co-sponsored, with the American Academy of Diplomacy, a symposium on Terrorism and Diplomacy, featuring a keynote address by Rand Beers.
The Center also offers briefings on the war on terror supported in part by a grant from the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. These briefings are offered as a public service (free and open to the public). In 2007, it presented the following talks:
What Students Should Know About 9/11 and the War on Terrorism, two 45-minute webcasts for secondary school classes, featuring Stephen Gale, Lawrence Husick, Michael Radu, and Harvey Sicherman. More than 50 schools from around the country participated. Tokyo Broadcasting System interviewed both the speakers and students in the live studio audience for their article on this program. Lawrence Husick on The Battle for Muslim Hearts and Minds
8 Matthew Levitt on Hamas, Fatah and Israel Robert Sica on Homeland Security from the Perspective of the U.S. Secret Service (co-sponsored with the Union League of Philadelphia) Harvey Sicherman and Edward Turzanski, Impromptu Briefing on Iraq: The Next Phase Senior Fellow Mr. Husick gave commentary on the film Obsession: Radical Islam’s War Against the West, for the Friends of Huntingdon Valley Library in November 2007.
Dr. Turzanski was appointed to the Anti-Terrorism Advisory Council (ATAC), which is coordinated by the U.S. Attorney’s office in Philadelphia.
Forensic psychiatrist and Center Senior Fellow Marc Sageman’s Leaderless Jihad: Terror Networks in the Twenty- first Century (Univ. of Pennsylvania Press) is forthcoming in December 2007. Dr. Sageman was in demand throughout the year with the media, particularly after the Glasgow Airport attack.
The War on Terrorism: A collection of FPRI essays, 2001-
The War on Terrorism 2007, was released on September 11, 2007 and is available upon request. As. Dr. Sicherman writes in the introduction, A collection of FPRI essays, 2001-2007 “this volume helps to fulfill FPRI’s overall mission not only to describe an issue, but also to suggest public policy that advances the causes of American ideals and interests.” The
Foreign Policy Research Institute Center on Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Homeland Security enotes, Orbis articles, and essays are presented under the
Stephen Gale Michael Radu sections American Strategy, Homeland Security, Knowing Harvey Sicherman Editors the Enemy, the Military Dimension, and What Young People Should Know About Terrorism.
9 Senior Fellow Abdallah Schleifer was a featured scholar in PBS’s “Jihad: The Men and Ideas behind Al Qaeda,” the first of a multi-part series, “America at a Crossroads.”
Dr. Radu’s manuscript, Islam in Europe, has been completed and submitted for publication.
CENTER FOR THE STUDY OF AMERICA AND THE WEST Co-chairs: Walter McDougall and James Kurth
The Center for the Study of America and the West conducts research to answer the question, what is “the West”? It also publishes original works, runs a study group, and sponsors a History Institute for Teachers that serves high school teachers from around the country.
Over the past year, the Center’s Study Group commissioned and discussed papers by Christian Kopff on Cicero and Tacitus on Empire: The Roman Tradition and American Conceptions of Foreign Policy; James Kurth on Reconstructing Western Principles in an Anti-Western Age; and Andrew Roberts, A History of the English-Speaking Peoples Since 1900. It also arranged for a talk by Jeremy Black on The State of Europe, Stephen Kotkin’s talk, “Russia under Putin, Toward Democracy or Dictatorship?,” cosponsored by the Midatlantic-Russia Business Council, and “The Election of French President Nicholas Sarkozy: A New Era in French-American Relations?” co-presented by the French-American Chamber of Commerce, Host-Sponsored by Duane Morris LLP, with Harvey Sicherman, David Appia and Jean-Loup Archawski.
Dr. McDougall completed the second volume of his U.S. history, continuing on from Freedom Just Around the Corner: A New American History, 1585–1828 (HarperCollins, 2004); volume 2, Throes of Democracy: The American Civil War Era, 1829–1877, will be published in March 2008.
10 PROGRAM ON NATIONAL SECURITY Chair: The Hon. John F. Lehman, Jr.; Director: Michael Noonan
What is the best military strategy for conducting the war on terror? How should U.S. forces be organized to provide for the common defense? FPRI helps answer these and other important national security questions through research, conferences, and publications.
The Program’s most exciting news this year was the safe return in June of Director Michael Noonan, a captain in the U.S. Army Reserve, from his 14- month deployment to Texas, Kuwait, and Iraq, where he served on a Military Transition Team with an Iraqi light infantry battalion in and around the northern city of Tal Afar. Mr. Noonan gave An Eyewitness Briefing on Iraq for FPRI’s Summer School in July; an article based on this presentation has been published in the November/December 2007 American Interest.
On October 15, the program co-sponsored (with the Reserve Officers Association) a conference held in Washington, D.C., Mind the Gap: Post-Iraq Civil-Military Relations in America. The Conference covered Military and Society (John Allen Williams, Tom Ricks, Elizabeth Stanley), Interagency Process (Bernard Carreau, Nadia Schadlow, Heather Coyne), Operation Iraqi Freedom and Civil-Military Relations (Frank Hoffman, Peter Feaver, Richard Kohn), Professional Ethics and Dissent (Don Snider, LtGen Gregory Newbold, and Peter Hegseth), and a keynote address by the Hon. Ike Skelton, Chairman of the House Armed Service Committee.
11 ASIA PROGRAM - Director: Jacques deLisle
FPRI’s Asia Program promotes debate and analysis of the many important developments in this vital region. Each year the program includes four elements: (1) research, (2) the Study Group on the U.S. and Asia, (3) an annual conference; and (4) educational programs for the public and teachers.
The topic of the Program’s March 2007 conference was China Rising: Assessing China’s Economic and Military Power, keynoted by John Pomfret, Washington Post correspondent and author of Chinese Lessons. Participants included a reporter from Beijing Review, who interviewed participants Avery Goldstein and Jonathan Pollak.
The Program is currently planning its March 2008 conference, Political Transitions and Foreign Policy in East Asia,a conference on regional business issues, such as the “Tai-shang” (Taiwanese businesspeople on the mainland), and a symposium on the 2008 Beijing Olympics.
The Program’s Study Group hosted a talk by Tom Ginsburg on Lessons for Democratic Transitions: Case Studies from Asia.
A fascinating new book called Charm Offensive: How China’s Soft Power is Transforming the World, looks at Beijing’s increasing skill at using diplomacy, trade incentives, cultural and educational exchanges, and other techniques to build an image of a benign global leader. Speaking last week at the Foreign Policy Research Institute in Philadelphia, the book’s author, Asia specialist Joshua Kurlantzick, described the practical reasons China is relying more on soft than hard power.” Trudy Rubin, “China woos globe with ‘soft power’,” Philadelphia Inquirer, an article widely republished since its original publication in late July
“The implications of China’s continued rapid growth include China’s overtaking the U.S. in overall GDP terms sometime around 2040. Such a large and fast-growing economy will change global patterns of production, trade, and pricing, and also implies adjustments in the balance of global military force projection capabilities.” — Albert Keidel, “Assessing China’s Economic Rise: Strengths, Weaknesses and Implications,” FPRI Enote, July 2007
12 PROJECT ON DEMOCRATIC TRANSITIONS Director: Amb. Adrian Basora
With Russia resurgent and democracy under attack in certain key post-Soviet states, this FPRI project on postcommunist transitions is synthesizing key lessons learned since 1989 and applying them to current-day Europe and Eurasia. The Project’s goal is to develop more effective guidelines for democracy-promotion in today’s changed and challenging circumstances. The target audiences include policymakers and aid-providers in both Washington and Europe, and democratic reform advocates and leaders in the former communist countries themselves.
The Project´s Transatlantic Steering Group held its second annual conference in February 2007; findings from that conference will appear in the Winter 2008 issue of Orbis and will be disseminated to leaders in Washington, Brussels and other European capitals.
“After the Berlin Wall fell in 1990, we didn’t go in and say ‘We´re promoting democracy.’ What we did say was, “If you want to do these things, we´ll support you.’ The message was not that we’ll tell you what to do, but that we will support what you are doing. The Poles took us up on that right away, and then you had a domino effect: the Velvet Revolution, Hungary, etc. People had been longing for and working towards democracy for many years. – Adrian Basora speaking on what he calls the post-postcommunist era on NPR’s Radio Times in March 2007.
THINK TANKS AND CIVIL SOCIETIES Director: James McGann
Over the past year, FPRI´s TTCS Program and the Center for Security Studies, a division of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (Zurich), developed the first online Think Tank Directory with data on think tanks working in the area of security studies and international affairs throughout the world. Dr. McGann gave briefings and consultations with foundations and government agencies in Hungary, Croatia, Slovakia, China, France, and Germany. The year also saw the publication of his Think Tanks and Policy Advice in the US: Academics, Advisors and Advocates (March 2007, Routledge).
13 FPRI IN THE MEDIA
FPRI scholars are regularly interviewed by local, national, and international media, which also regularly cite FPRI publications. In 2007, FPRI has appeared on or in media including:
American Interest
American Diplomacy Los Angeles Times
New Republic
Philadelphia Inquirer CBS3 Wall Street Journal
CNBC Philadelphia Inquirer
USA Today
14 E-NOTES
Each week, FPRI transmits by email a succinct analysis of some critical international issue. These bulletins are emailed to some 25,000 key people in 85 countries directly, and reach thousands more indirectly by postings on the Internet at FPRI’s site (which now receives 50,000 visits a month) and in repostings. Frequently they are reprinted in or quoted by newspapers around the world. Below are examples of the subjects covered this year.
• How Iran Could Help End the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict, Robert Zelnick, 9/2007 • Mexico and the Drug Cartels, George W. Grayson, 8/2007 • Assessing China’s Economic Rise: Strengths, Weaknesses and Implications, Albert Keidel, 7/2007 • Al Qaeda Confusion: How to Think about Jihad, Michael Radu, 7/2007 • Will “Europe” Survive the 21st Century?, Walter McDougall, 7/2007 • Castro’s Corn: Petroleum and Globalization, Irving Louis Horowitz, 5/2007 • World War II and Its Meaning for Americans, David Eisenhower, 5/2007 • Ten Counterinsurgency Commandments from Afghanistan, Greg Mills, 4/2007 • What Every American Needs to Know about Taiwan, Shelley Rigger, 3/2007 • Russia under Putin: Toward Democracy or Dictatorship? Stephen Kotkin, 3/2007 • Into Africa: China’s Quest For Resources And Influence, Jacques deLisle, 2/2007 • What’s Next in Somalia? Garrett Jones, 1/2007 • Assessing the Long War, Frank G. Hoffman, 1/4/2007 • Past the Apogee: America Under Pressure, Charles Krauthammer, 12/2006 • Briefing on Iraq Study Group Report, Trudy Kuehner (reporter), 12/8/2006 • Knowing the Enemy, Mary Habeck, 11/17/2006
15 Orbis, a Journal of World Affairs
Half a century since its founding, Orbis continues to offer serious discourse on the full range of topics relating to American foreign policy and national security, as well as in- depth analysis on important international developments. Orbis is available to institutional subscribers (universities, embassies, etc.) online at ScienceDirect. James Kurth completed three years of editorship with the Fall 2007 issue, and will be succeeded for now by a series of guest editors (Adrian Basora for the Winter 2008 democratization special issue and Frank Hoffman and Michael Noonan for the Spring 2008 special military issue.) Orbis 2007 contents included: Winter 2007: Peter Cornelius and Jonathan Story on China and Global Energy Markets • David Lei on Outsourcing to China • Matthew Chen on Chinese National Oil Companies • Vanni Cappelli on Pakistan • Thomas Johnson and Chris Mason on Afghanistan • Laurie King-Irani on Iraq • Benjamin Schwartz on the Wahhabi/Neo-Salafi Movement • Nikolas Gvosdev on Russia’s Identity • Daniel Treisman on Putin’s Silovarchs Spring 2007: Bruce Cumings on the American Way of Going to War • Paul Gottfried on Wilsonianism • Lawrence Jarvik on NGOs • Adam Stulberg on UAVs • Rocco Martino on Innovation • George Grayson on Mexican Corporatism • Seth Kaplan on the Congo • Bart Jan Spruyt on Liberalism and Islam in the Netherlands Summer 2007: Andrew Roberts on the English Speaking Peoples • Elbridge Colby on Restoring Deterrence • Christopher Hemmer on The Next Grand Strategy • Thomas McCabe on Muslims and Democracy • Harold James on Empire and Alternatives • Matthew Phillips on Anonymous Nuclear Attacks • David Westbrook on Radical Islamism • Harsh Pant on India’s Balancing Act • Glenn Kutler on U.S. Military Fatalities in Iraq: Year 4 Fall 2007: Barry Posen on U.S. Grand Strategy • Paul Smith on Climate Change and Military Response • Geoffrey Till on Maritime Strategies • Jonathan Pollack on Chinese Military Power • Timothy Hoyt on Maritime Strategies in History • June Dreyer on China’s Power and Will • James Kurth on the New Maritime Strategy • Andrew Erickson and Gabe Collins on China’s Energy Security Strategy • Claude Berube on The Promise of Private Naval Companies • Paul Bracken on Financial Warfare • Joseph Figueiredo on U.S. Latin America Policy
16 EDUCATION MARVIN WACHMAN FUND FOR INTERNATIONAL EDUCATION Director: Alan Luxenberg
The Marvin Wachman Fund for International Education focuses on “teaching the teachers”—advancing teachers’ knowledge of world affairs and aiding them in incorporating this knowledge in the classroom – and encouraging a dialogue among pre-college educators, university scholars, students, and parents. The Fund reaches teachers across the nation through Footnotes, its bulletin for educators. These bulletins are frequently reprinted in American Educator and other magazines and posted at other websites.
Walter McDougall and David Eisenhower co-chair the Fund’s History Institute for Teachers. These history institutes receive generous funding from the Annenberg Foundation, the Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation, and the Kauffman Foundation, and in-kind support from the Cantigny First Division Foundation, a division of the McCormick Tribune Foundation. The Kauffman grant will enable us to begin in 2008 a new program on Teaching the History of Innovation. We are developing this program out of our conviction that students need to better understand the historical context for and consequences of challenges in the physical world.
Each weekend-long program provides some 40 educators from around the country the opportunity to learn directly from the top scholars in their fields on subjects teachers are often under-prepared to teach. Many more teachers access the videotapes, reports, classroom lessons, and other materials posted at our website. In 2007, we held three Institutes:
Teaching About the Military in American History and Teaching Military History: Why and How, both co-sponsored by and held at the Cantigny First Division Museum, Wheaton, IL. In addition to onsite participants, registrants participated by webcast from around the country as well as Iraq, Israel, Great Britain, Singapore, South Africa, Sri Lanka, and Switzerland. Reports from these conferences have been picked up by George Mason University’s History News Network and numerous other sites. The importance of teaching this oft-neglected subject has been widely commented upon in the media in recent years, and the Wachman Fund is making this subject a core part of its program.
17 Living Without Freedom, co-sponsored by the National Constitution Center and the National Liberty Museum, Philadelphia. Speakers included Carlos Eire, whose book, Waiting for Snow in Havana, was the 2006-07 selection for One Book, One Philadelphia, a joint project of the Mayor’s office and the Free Library of Philadelphia.
Fall 2007 sees the publication of Alan Luxenberg’s The Palestine Mandate and the Creation of Israel, 1920-1949 (Mason Crest) It is part of a 10-volume series for the secondary school audience on THE MAKING OF THE MODERN MIDDLE EAST. The series also includes volumes by FPRI Senior Fellow Barry Rubin on The Iranian Revolution and the Resurgence of Islam and The Middle East in the Age of Uncertainty, 1991-present, and by former FPRI Hooper Fellow J. E. Peterson on Tensions in the Gulf, 1978-1991.
Harvey Sicherman’s Concluding Comments to Students in the Webcast, “What Students Need to Know About 9/11,” Sept. 11, 2007
You have to understand not only the rest of the world in this era but also the history of it. Today’s crises didn’t emerge because someone woke up one day and decided to do something. They are the consequences of long-term trends, and the only thing that will prevent them from becoming crises, that will allow you to manage problems over the long- term, is to become aware of those circumstances, understand the history.
My Ph.D is in political science, but I’m going to make the historians’ case. Americans traditionally do not care for history because we’re a country that looks to the future, the past seems like a burden to be shuffled off. But that’s not the way the rest of the world looks at it. We are too far gone to say we will divorce ourselves from the rest of the world and not be affected by it. So therefore my injunction to you would be that the single best thing you can do is what Winston Churchill advised, “Read history, understand history.” From that you’ll gain a much better appreciation not only of the rest of the world but most important of America itself.
18 LIVING WITH OR WITHOUT FREEDOM
Extracts from Middle-School Student Essays prepared as part of a lesson developed by Susan Mitchell, Jefferson Middle School, San Diego, a participant in our May 2007 History Institute, Living Without Freedom.
I never realized that the U.S. had so much freedom or how important freedom is.
I was shocked how other countries don’t have freedom and the way they have to live. I’m so grateful for what I have in the U.S. I have freedom and that’s what everyone wants and needs. I feel bad for the other countries and wish I could help them.
Without freedom we are lost and hopeless. Freedom is what makes us whole and put together. Without freedom we have nothing to look forward to.
I have heard of all these countries but I never really took it serious because I don’t live there. Learning all this has made me happy and extremely grateful to be living in a free country.
It’s important for me to live in a free country because I have big dreams and in order to fulfill them I must live in a free country.
19 A lot of other countries, the government controls what they do, when they do, and how it’s going to be done. They aren’t allowed any access to the outside world. It’s all run by their government, but they don’t even get to choose that. America has freedom because we fought for it and we’re still fighting for it once again. We’re allowed to explore and gain knowledge. Without freedom I probably wouldn’t be in school and be as smart. Freedom is starved in other countries. Ridiculous rules are made to enslave citizens, to use them and then throw them away like nothing. Freedom helps us Americans fulfill our dreams and aspirations. I love freedom!
America gives the people laws that allow them to do really anything that doesn’t hurt someone. Say we don’t like that they’re going to cut down a park in our neighborhood, we can go to city hall and stop it with a petition. Really easy compared to other countries, huh? To live without freedom would be horrible. You will have your own family telling on you about what you said about the government. You can’t even have fun without government permission.
Did you know that in North Korea the government and dictator have absolute power? That means the Koreans are practically being told what to do in their lives. I don’t know how they can live like that. Thanks to the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution we are able to do many things and not be arrested for doing so. I believe that people should be able to do what they want, it’s a good thing that back then others thought the same. Some Americans should start appreciating the fact that we do have freedom. Even though I’m only a middle schooler I am very proud to be free!
20 So many people out there are so ungrateful for America’s freedom and government, well I see the value that America’s freedom and government provides us. Freedom in America is amazing.
Freedom is certainly not free, it comes with a price, many people die for our rights, and I am thankful every day that I have it. Freedom is an important thing in my life and I am privileged to say my dad has helped with my freedom as well as others.
In few parts of this world freedom is taken advantage of. To everyone else, it’s like seeing a flying unicorn. Before I learned about all this, I never really considered what all this “freedom” was about. Now I know that we don’t really know how much freedom we have.
I’m surprised that not all countries are free. On t.v. you don’t see that they don’t have freedoms. When I see countries like China or Russia I usually see happy people. I think they have gotten used to that way of living. They should be allowed to travel elsewhere. Most people in their countries think it is the best because they never gone out of it.
The things we’ve been learning about in class, it surprises me because I thought by now every country would have at least a little bit of Freedom, but no, there are still some countries struggling.
21 OTHER 2007 FPRI EVENTS
PARTNERSHIP BRIEFINGS: Edward Turzanski, Stephen Gale, and Michael
Radu, Three Perspectives on Terrorism and Homeland Security - PARTNERSHIP
DINNERS with John Hillen and Robert Kaplan -TEMPLETON LECTURE ON
RELIGION AND WORLD AFFAIRS: Zuhdi Jasser on Americanism vs. Islamism -
CYNTHIA P. R OBINSON MEMORIAL LECTURE by Raymond Stock on From Before King Tut to Hosni Mubarak: Egypt’s Post, Present, and Future in a Novel by
Naguib Mahfuoz – ALVIN Z. RUBINSTEIN MEMORIAL LECTURE: Zachary Shore
on Breeding Bin Ladens – ROBERT STRAUSZ-HUPE LECTURE: Harvey Sicherman,
Benjamin Franklin and the Traditions of American Diplomacy - FPRI IN THE
SUBURBS, cosponsored by the World Affairs Council of Greater Valley Forge: Stephen Gale on Homeland Security: What the Public and Private Sectors Must
Do–INVITATION-ONLY LUNCHEON with U.S. Ambassador to Turkey Ross Wilson – Luncheon with John K. Glenn of the German Marshall Fund of the United States on American and European Public Opinion in 2007, co-sponsored by American Council on Germany.
22 BOOK TALKS
Joshua Kurlantzick on Barry Rubin on The Charm Offensive: How Truth About Syria China’s Soft Power is Transforming the World
Robert Kaplan, Hog Pilots, Blue Water Grunts: the American Military in the Air, at Sea, and on the Ground
23 OTHER BOOKS BY FPRI SCHOLARS
Jeremy Black, George Grayson, Great Powers and the Mexican Messiah Quest for Hagemony (Pennsylvania State (Routledge, 2007) University, Sept. 2007)
June Teufel Dreyer, Vladislav M. Zubok, China’s Political System, A Failed Empire 6th ed. (Longman (University of North Educational Publishers, Carolina Press, 2008) 2007)
24 PARTNERSHIP OPPORTUNITIES
As is evident from the many corporations, organizations, and individuals noted throughout this report, there are numerous ways to partner with FPRI on lectures, events, and publications. FPRI is always interested in exploring these opportunities. Please contact Alan Luxenberg ([email protected]), 215-732-3774 x105 if you would like more information or to discuss your ideas.
FPRI is pleased to announce the formation of the Robert Strausz-Hupé Society in memory of its founder, Ambassador Robert Strausz-Hupé (Mar. 25, 1903 - Feb. 24, 2002). Membership in the Society is open to all who inform us that they have added a provision for FPRI in their wills, and we are pleased to recognize these charter members of the Society: W. W. Keen Butcher, Jack Gilray Christy, Ned Dunham, Robert L. Freedman, Frank Giordano, Bobbie Gohn, Charles B. Grace, Jr., Bruce H. Hooper, Jerome Kaplan, Rocco Martino, I. Wistar Morris III, Elaine Piccolomini, Sam Savitz and John M. Templeton, Jr.
Each year the members of the Society will be convened for lunch or dinner and a private briefing by the Institute’s President, Dr. Harvey Sicherman. In addition, members receive a certificate evidencing their membership in the Society.
For further information on joining this society, please contact Alan Luxenberg, 215 732 3774 x105 or [email protected]. Year-end contributions to support the ongoing work of FPRI are also welcome.
25 INTERN
Malik Neal, now a junior at West Philadelphia Catholic High School, became the youngest student ever to intern at FPRI in Spring 2007. In the summer following 9th grade, he studied at Yale University as part of the Junior Statesman of America program. He participates in the World Affairs Club at West Philadelphia Catholic and serves on the World Affairs Council's Student Committee. When he arrived at FPRI for an interview, he came with Paul Bremer's My Year in Iraq and discussed other books with FPRI Vice President Alan Luxenberg, including books by Alan Dershowitz and Bernard Lewis.
West Philadelphia Catholic is a School Member of FPRI's Marvin Wachman Fund for International Education. The school has hosted talks by FPRI Senior Fellows Edward Turzanski and Lawrence Husick on the war on terrorism, and its students frequently attend FPRI events.
26 DINNER ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
David Ludwig, composer, joined the faculty of the Curtis Institute, where he is the composition department coordinator and the artistic director of the 20/21 New Music Ensemble, in 2002. His residencies have included the Marlboro Music School, the Vermont Symphony Orchestra, the Gardner Museum, and the MacDowell and Yaddo Artist Colonies. His music, which has been performed in venues including Carnegie Hall, the Lincoln Center, the Kimmel Center, and the Library of Congress, has been praised for “expressive directness” by the New York Times. In 2005 Mr. Ludwig composed the score for FPRI’s 50th Anniversary Film. His Chanukah Cantata will be performed by the Choral Arts Society on Dec. 11-12, 2007 at Congregation Rodeph Shalom, 615 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia; his piano quintet will be performed at Swarthmore’s Lang Hall on April 20, 2008.
Rebekah Daley, horn, a Cleveland native, is in her second year at the Curtis Institute, where she holds the Susan and Frank Mechura Annual Fellowship and studies with Jennifer Montone.
Chris Guilfoyle, bass trombone, a native of San Antonio, TX, was accepted into the Curtis Institute as a high-school junior. He holds the Crown Holdings, Inc. Annual Fellowship at Curtis and studies with Blair Bollinger. Prior to attending Curtis, he was a member of the Houston Youth Symphony, the Greater Houston Youth Orchestra, the Virtuosi of Houston, and Texas Allstate Symphony Orchestra. In May 2005 he won the International Trombone Festival’s Gilberto Gagliardi trombone competition in New Orleans.
Matthew Kitzen-Abelson, trumpet, is from Collegeville, PA. He is in his third year at the Curtis Institute, where he studies with David Bilger and holds the Harry and Jeanette Yanoff Annual Fellowship.
Sam Schlosser, trombone, is from Seattle, WA. He is in his first year at the Curtis Institute, where he studies with Nitzan Haroz.
Rachel Serber, trumpet, was born in Plymouth, MN. She is in her fourth year at the Curtis Institute, where she studies with David Bilger and holds the Philadelphia Orchestra Fellowship. She currently performs with the Symphony in C (formerly the Haddonfield Symphony); in summer 2007 she participated in the Pacific Music Festival in Sapporo, Japan. Upcoming performances include Bach’s Brandenberg Concerto No. 2 with members of the Curtis Symphony Orchestra at 4 pm on November 18 at St. Mark’s Church, 1625 Locust Street, Philadelphia.
27 We congratulate FPRI on its longstanding heritage of assuring America’s constructive role in the world and protection of international security.
We are pleased to announce our Jihadism awareness project TheirOwnWords.com on one constantly updated website. See and hear for yourselves what the Jihadists say about America when they don’t think we are listening.
Dr. John M. Templeton, Jr., Chairman Colin A. Hanna, President
28 29 Congratulations
FPRI and Prof. James Kurth, Chair of FPRI’s Interuniversity Study Group on America and the West, for leading this thought inspiring seminar series. Knowing our own identity is the first step in conducting intelligent foreign policy.
Robert E. Carr and Patricia M. Annino
30 Best Wishes To The Foreign Policy Research Institute For Continued Success
The Wurster Group
31 32 33 34 Congratulations to a great organization that does terrific work.
Bob Guzzardi
35 commitment leadership
Booz Allen Hamilton is a proud supporter of the 2007 Foreign Policy Research Institute Annual Dinner. Congratulations on more than 50 years of bringing leading ideas to our nation.
Integrating the full range of consulting capabilities, Booz Allen is the one firm that helps clients solve their toughest problems, working by their side to help them achieve their missions. Booz Allen, a global strategy and technology consulting firm, is committed to delivering results that endure.
For more information, visit www.boozallen.com.
36 Our mission is to provide financial assistance in the form of scholarships for higher education to deserving sons and daughters of Marines and children of former Marines, with particular attention being given to children whose parent was killed or wounded in action. We are proud of our long history and commitment: Since 1962, we have awarded more than 20,000 scholarships and bonds totaling almost $31.2 million, including $2.2 million to 977 scholarship recipients in 2006. We hope you take time to explore this site and learn more about our mission and scholarship program.
The Marine Corps Scholarship Foundation (MCSF) has recently embarked on a historic fundraising campaign. Our goals are to double our average scholarship award to $3,000 a year for children of current and former Marines and endow our commitment to award $20,000 in scholarship assistance to every child of a Marine, or of a Navy Corpsman serving with the Marines, whose parent is killed in the Global War on Terror.This is a five year capital campaign (2006-2010) to raise $50 million and is entitled "American Patriots Campaign".
37 Congratulations to FPRI:
The Education and Scholarship that you provide is an invaluable commodity in today’s world
Adele Schaeffer
38 39 the right move
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41 STILL AWAITING THE 100TH ANNIVERSARY
HENRY G. GARSON
42 Our thanks to FPRI for keeping us so well informed about important issues affecting the world and us.
Louise and Alan Reed
43 44 I congratulate the Foreign Policy Research Institute for their excellence in promoting the understanding of foreign affairs to multiple audiences. Eileen Rosenau
45 The Foreign Policy Research Institute
We salute a growing Philadelphia presence and national resource for our Country.
Quaker Chemical Corporation Conshohocken, PA
46 Congratulations on the continuing success of FPRI and with appreciation to those who support this important institution. Susan and Woody Goldberg
47 Best Wishes Cheryl and Fred Halpern
We are proud to support Foreign Policy Research Institute
Investment Counsel and Trust Services Michael Olin Clark, Principal Two Logan Square, Suite 1850, Philadelphia, PA 19103 215-854-7255 www.lmicus.com
Congratulations on another successful year.
Charlotte and Carroll Weinberg, MD
“Congratulations on your Continuing Informative Program”
Murray H. Shusterman
48 Byers’ Choice Ltd. thanks the Foreign Policy Research Institute for its great service to the nation.
Components for a Modern World 1210 Northbrook Drive, Suite 470, Trevose, PA 19053 • http://www.technitrol.com
Thanks to Harvey, Alan, and the FPRI staff for always informing and challenging our minds and hearts.
Jonas and Randy Brachfeld
49 FPRI is a great educator which creates an environment in which the student can learn. Many thanks, Thomas G. Ruth
Visit the exciting NATIONAL LIBERTY MUSEUM “America’s Gift to the Nation” -Colin Powell Offering you and your family 128 unique works of art, 78 exhibits, 10 short films and many interactives that celebrate the American Experience as a work in progress. In the heart of historic Philadelphia... 321 Chestnut St. 215-925-2800, ext. 130 www.libertymuseum.org
Congratulations to FPRI. We wish you continued success.
Constance and Joseph Smukler
Thanks to the FPRI for another year of informative presentations to spur public understanding and debate. Murray Levin
50 Notes
51 Notes
52 FPRI’s MISSION FPRI is devoted to bringing the insights of scholarship to bear on the development of policies that advance U.S. national interests. We add perspective to events by fitting them into the larger historical and cultural context of international politics. We conduct research on pressing issues—homeland security and the war on terror, developments in the Middle East, nuclear proliferation in South Asia and Northeast Asia, relations with China, Russia, and Japan—and long-term questions—the role of religion in international politics and the nature of Western identity and its implications for the U.S. and the Atlantic Alliance. We publish a quarterly journal, Orbis, and books and bulletins drawing on our research findings and conferences. We educate the public through our publications, seminars, and presentations. In this way, we serve the community and the nation, the policymakers and the educators, Wall Street and Main Street.