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The True Jesus Church and the Bible in Republican China
religions Article The True Jesus Church and the Bible in Republican China Pan Zhao School of Philosophy, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; [email protected] or [email protected] Received: 20 November 2019; Accepted: 7 February 2020; Published: 14 February 2020 Abstract: During China’s Republican Era (1912–1949), the True Jesus Church, comprising one of the largest indigenous Pentecostal/charismatic churches in China, created a whole set of exclusive salvation doctrines based on its unique biblical interpretation. This paper attempts to illustrate the role that the Bible played in the development of the True Jesus Church (TJC for short) and how its biblical interpretations functioned in the shaping of its exclusive identity based on certain aspects of its charismatic experiences and unique doctrinal system. The founding of the TJC relied upon charismatic experiences, which were regarded as the work of the Holy Spirit to prove the authority of the Church. Doctrinally, the approaches to biblical interpretation employed by TJC leaders were another source of the church’s unique identity: The exclusive status the church assigned to itself was evident in its distinct interpretive approaches, as well as in its innovative rituals, especially facedown immersion baptism. Along with various influences of the Pentecostal tradition and the Chinese social context, these hermeneutics were an important reason for the TJC’s development as an independent denomination in the Republican era. Keywords: True Jesus Church; the Bible; charismatic experience; Republican Era; Christianity 1. Introduction During the Republican Era of China, the True Jesus Church (zhen yesu jiaohui 真6#Y会) was a significant Chinese Pentecostal/charismatic church. -
Confucian Protestant Churches Crossing the Pacific: a Sociological Study of Pre-Christian Asian Influences on Korean Immigrant Churches in America
CONFUCIAN PROTESTANT CHURCHES CROSSING THE PACIFIC: A SOCIOLOGICAL STUDY OF PRE-CHRISTIAN ASIAN INFLUENCES ON KOREAN IMMIGRANT CHURCHES IN AMERICA A Dissertation Submitted to the Temple University Graduate Board In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY by Byung Kwan Chae May 2014 Examining Committee Members: Dr. Terry Rey, Advisory Chair, Religion Dr. Sydney D. White, Religion Dr. Leonard Swidler, Religion Dr. Kimberly A. Goyette, External Member, Sociology © Copyright 2014 by Byung Kwan Chae All Rights Reserved ii ABSTRACT This dissertation is a sociological exploration of Korean Protestant immigrant churches in the United States and the influence of Confucian traditions on them. Neo- Confucianism was accepted as the state ideology in Korea in the late fourteenth century, and its influences are still strong in Koreans’ expressions of thought and worldviews, and Korean immigrants in the United States are no exception. Confucian elements are observed not only in Korean Protestant churches in Korea but also Korean immigrant churches in the United States. Thus, it can be said that Korean immigrant churches have the characteristics of a transnational religious institution. Transnationally, Confucian characteristics affect Korean churches. Further, Confucian traditions are integral to a collective consciousness for Korean immigrants, and thus their relationships and manners, based on Confucian traditions and teachings, enable them to maintain and reinforce their social solidarity. Moreover, such Confucian teachings and cultural mores are inculcated in most Koreans’ habitus. As social agents, church members use symbolic capital, such as age and Confucian manners, to gain higher status in the church. In particular, age can be considered generational capital that determines and legitimizes church members’ positions. -
Qin2020.Pdf (1.836Mb)
This thesis has been submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for a postgraduate degree (e.g. PhD, MPhil, DClinPsychol) at the University of Edinburgh. Please note the following terms and conditions of use: This work is protected by copyright and other intellectual property rights, which are retained by the thesis author, unless otherwise stated. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the author. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the author. When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given. THE EVOLUTION OF EVANGELICAL SOCIO-POLITICAL APPROACHES IN CONTEMPORARY CHINA (1980S-2010S) Daniel Qin Doctor of Philosophy The University of Edinburgh 2019 DECLARATION I confirm that this thesis presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, has i) been composed entirely by myself ii) been solely the result of my own work iii) not been submitted for any other degree or professional qualification A revised version of chapter II is forthcoming in 2020 in Studies in World Christianity as ‘Samuel Lamb’s Exhortation Regarding Eternal Rewards: A Socio- Political Perspective.’ Daniel Qin _________ Date: ABSTRACT This thesis explores the evolution of Evangelical socio-political approaches in contemporary China, arguing that Evangelicals in both the Three-Self church and the house churches have moved towards an increasing sense of social concern in the period from the 1980s to the 2010s. -
Neregistrované Protestantské Církve V Číně
Masarykova univerzita Filozofická fakulta Ústav religionistiky Religionistika Tereza Hejlová Neregistrované protestantské církve v Číně Bakalářská diplomová práce Vedoucí práce: doc. PhDr. Luboš Bělka, CSc. 2009 Prohlašuji, že jsem diplomovou práci vypracovala samostatně s využitím uvedených pramenů a literatury. V Brně 18. 12. 2009 ………………………………. 2 Na tomto místě bych chtěla poděkovat svému vedoucímu za trpělivost, přínosné podněty a pomoc při psaní práce. 3 Obsah 1. Úvod………………………………………………………………………………str. 5 2. Protestantismus v Číně…………………………………………………………..str. 7 3. Počátky protestantismu v Číně………………………………………………….str. 8 4. Protestantismus pod komunistickou vládou………………………………….str. 11 4.1 Vznik Vlasteneckého hnutí trojí samostatnosti………………………..……str. 12 4.2 Kulturní revoluce………………………………………………………........str. 14 5. Období po Kulturní revoluci…………………………………………………..str. 15 5.1 „Dokument 19“ a 36. článek ústavy…………………………………….......str. 16 5.2 Amity Foundation…………………………………………………………...str. 17 6. Důvody podzemních církví k odmítnutí registrace…………………………..str. 18 7. Perzekuce a pronásledování neregistrovaných církví………………………..str. 20 8. Situace od 90. let 20. století…………………………………………………….str. 21 8.1 The Shouters…………………………………………………………….......str. 22 8.2 Born Again Movement………………………………………………….......str. 22 8.3 Eastern Lightning……………………………………………………………str. 23 8.4 Reakce čínské vlády………………………………………………………...str. 25 9. Problematika statistiky počtu protestantů v Číně……………………………str. 26 10. Hnutí Zpět do Jeruzaléma……………………………………………………str. 28 10.1 Hlavní myšlenka…………………………………………………………...str. -
Item 1 of 5 Next a Case Study of the Contemporary Church Renewal
This material has been provided by Asbury Theological Seminary in good faith of following ethical procedures in its production and end use. The Copyright law of the united States (title 17, United States code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyright material. Under certain condition specified in the law, libraries and archives are authorized to finish a photocopy or other reproduction. One of these specific conditions is that the photocopy or reproduction is not to be “used for any purpose other than private study, scholarship, or research.” If a user makes a request for, or later uses, a photocopy or reproduction for purposes in excess of “fair use,” that user may be liable for copyright infringement. This institution reserves the right to refuse to accept a copying order if, in its judgment, fulfillment of the order would involve violation of copyright law. By using this material, you are consenting to abide by this copyright policy. Any duplication, reproduction, or modification of this material without express written consent from Asbury Theological Seminary and/or the original publisher is prohibited. Contact B.L. Fisher Library Asbury Theological Seminary 204 N. Lexington Ave. Wilmore, KY 40390 B.L. Fisher Library’s Digital Content place.asburyseminary.edu Asbury Theological Seminary 205 North Lexington Avenue 800.2ASBURY Wilmore, Kentucky 40390 asburyseminary.edu ABSTRACT A Case Study of the Contemporary Church Renewal Movement in Korea Pil Won Min This dissertation is a study of the church renewal movement that has recently been happening in Korea using a case study approach. The Korean church has said that it is in crisis not only because it has spiritual problems, but also because it lost good social credibilit}' in Korean societ\ . -
China – Guangdong – Protestants – Catholics – Underground Churches
Refugee Review Tribunal AUSTRALIA RRT RESEARCH RESPONSE Research Response Number: CHN30006 Country: China Date: 14 March 2006 Keywords: China – Guangdong – Protestants – Catholics – Underground Churches This response was prepared by the Country Research Section of the Refugee Review Tribunal (RRT) after researching publicly accessible information currently available to the RRT within time constraints. This response is not, and does not purport to be, conclusive as to the merit of any particular claim to refugee status or asylum. Questions 1. What was the situation for the Protestant underground church in Guangdong from 1990 to March 1998? 2. What was the situation for the Catholic underground church in Guangdong from 1990 to March 1998? 3. What is the position nowadays for both churches? List of Sources Consulted Internet Sources: Government Information & Reports United Nations (UN) Non-Government Organisations International News & Politics Region Specific Links Topic Specific Links Search Engines Google search engine http://www.google.com.au/ Online Subscription Services Library Networks University Sites Databases: Public FACTIVA Reuters Business Briefing DIMIA BACIS Country Information REFINFO IRBDC Research Responses (Canada) RRT ISYS RRT Country Research database, including Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch, US Department of State Country Reports on Human Rights Practices. RRT Library FIRST RRT Library Catalogue RESPONSE 1. What was the situation for the Protestant underground church in Guangdong from 1990 to March 1998? 2. What was the situation for the Catholic underground church in Guangdong from 1990 to March 1998? No detailed analysis on the situation of Protestants or Catholics in Guangdong Province was found among the sources consulted. The following reports provide some useful material, although some contradict each other. -
Author: Samuel Lamb Lin Xiangao House Church in Guangzhou, China Copyright Free
Author: Samuel Lamb Lin Xiangao House church in Guangzhou, China Copyright free “The Heavenly Man”-- A Big Con Man of China There are many believers in Henan Province, China. But Satan would not let it go that easily. It promotes many heresies in China, especially in Henan Province. For example, “The Eastern Lightning” was initiated by a woman surnamed Deng in Zhengzhou, Henan Province in 1990. She claimed that she was Christ in female version; “The Born Again Sect” was initiated by a Xu Yongze and his sister Xu Yongling from Nanyang, Henan province in 1976. In 1989, another sect gathered on a hill top called Dung Pai mountain in Henan, waiting for the rapture to happen. When they failed in such effort, they intended to commit mass suicide but the police came in time to halt them. “The Heavenly Man” also originate from Henan Province. He cannot be called “a heretic” because we haven’t discovered clear errors in his teachings. He was originally a member of the Born Again Sect. Xu Yongze (the head of Born Again) helped him. He cheats people everywhere claiming that he was persecuted and suffered for the sake of the gospel. It is more appropriate to call him “a big con man” for he has deceived a lot of Christian churches, especially in Europe and the United States. English version New English Version German Version II Free at last, Burma story --- 1 --- He had once been imprisoned in China. Upon his release, Miao Zhitung, a preacher from Wenzhou, interviewed him and edited a book afterwards called “Lilies amongst thorns” which contained his “testimony”. -
Ruah: Revelation to Recognition, Symbol to Reality in the Twenty-First Century Church Georgeann Boras George Fox University
Digital Commons @ George Fox University Doctor of Ministry Seminary 1-1-2013 Ruah: revelation to recognition, symbol to reality in the twenty-first century church Georgeann Boras George Fox University This research is a product of the Doctor of Ministry (DMin) program at George Fox University. Find out more about the program. Recommended Citation Boras, Georgeann, "Ruah: revelation to recognition, symbol to reality in the twenty-first century church" (2013). Doctor of Ministry. Paper 43. http://digitalcommons.georgefox.edu/dmin/43 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Seminary at Digital Commons @ George Fox University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctor of Ministry by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ George Fox University. GEORGE FOX UNIVERSITY RUAH: REVELATION TO RECOGNITION, SYMBOL TO REALITY IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY CHURCH A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF GEORGE FOX EVANGELICAL SEMINARY IN CANDIDACY FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF MINISTRY BY GEORGEANN BORAS PORTLAND, OREGON MARCH, 2013 George Fox Evangelical Seminary George Fox University Portland, Oregon CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL ________________________________ DMin Dissertation ________________________________ This is to certify that the DMin Dissertation of Georgeann Boras has been approved by the Dissertation Committee on March 13, 2013 for the degree of Doctor of Ministry in Leadership and Spiritual Formation. Dissertation Committee: Primary Advisor: Cecilia Ranger, PhD Secondary Advisor: Kathleen McManus, PhD Copyright © 2013 by Georgeann Boras All rights reserved. The Scripture quotations contained herein are from the New Revised Standard Version Bible, copyright © 1989 by the Division of Christian Education of the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the U.S.A. -
China – Shouters – Fujian
Refugee Review Tribunal AUSTRALIA RRT RESEARCH RESPONSE Research Response Number: CHN32709 Country: China Date: 20 December 2007 Keywords: CHN32709 – China – Shouters – Fujian This response was prepared by the Research & Information Services Section of the Refugee Review Tribunal (RRT) after researching publicly accessible information currently available to the RRT within time constraints. This response is not, and does not purport to be, conclusive as to the merit of any particular claim to refugee status or asylum. This research response may not, under any circumstance, be cited in a decision or any other document. Anyone wishing to use this information may only cite the primary source material contained herein. Questions 1. Is there any information about the treatment of Protestant Christians in Jiaru Village, Sanshan Town, Fuqing City, Fujian? 2. In particular, how are “Shouters” regarded? RESPONSE 1. Is there any information about the treatment of Protestant Christians in Jiaru Village, Sanshan Town, Fuqing City, Fujian? 2. In particular, how are “Shouters” regarded? No information was found on the situation or treatment of Protestant Christians or “Shouters” (also referred to here as the Local Church), specific to the village of Jiaru or to the town of Sanshan in Fujian. For a map showing the location of Sanshan Town, see Attachment 1. According to the Nona.net website, Jiaru is 5.1 kilometers from Sanshan town (‘Map of Fuqing’, (undated) Research & Information database – Attachment 1; “Sanshan (Fujian, China) & Jiaru’ (undated), Nona.net website, http://nona.net/features/map/placedetail.1385061/Sanshan/ – Accessed 14 December 2007 – Attachment 2). Summary Information presented below focuses on reports on the treatment and situation of Shouters in Fujian province. -
Conversion of Middle‑Aged and Elderly Women to Christianity in Contemporary Rural China
This document is downloaded from DR‑NTU (https://dr.ntu.edu.sg) Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. Embedded rationality : conversion of middle‑aged and elderly women to Christianity in contemporary rural China Yang, Hui 2017 Yang, H. (2017). Embedded rationality : conversion of middle‑aged and elderly women to Christianity in contemporary rural China. Master's thesis, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. http://hdl.handle.net/10356/70608 https://doi.org/10.32657/10356/70608 Downloaded on 02 Oct 2021 06:50:20 SGT ELDERLY EMBEDDED RATIONALITY: WOMEN TO CHRISTIANITY IN CONTEMPORARY RURAL CHINA CONVERSION OF EMBEDDED RATIONALITY: CONVERSION OF MIDDLE-AGED AND ELDERLY WOMEN TO CHRISTIANITY IN CONTEMPORARY RURAL MIDDLE CHINA - AGED AND AND YANG YANG HUI YANG HUI SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES 2017 2017 YANG YANG HUI EMBEDDED RATIONALITY: CONVERSION OF MIDDLE-AGED AND ELDERLY WOMEN TO CHRISTIANITY IN CONTEMPORARY RURAL CHINA YANG HUI School of Social Sciences A thesis submitted to the Nanyang Technological University In partial fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Arts 2017 Acknowledgements When people hear about my research topic, the first question they usually ask is “are you a Christian?” It’s often awkward for me to answer either “Yes” or “No.” The uneasiness of “Yes” comes from the fact that I do not feel comfortable about some ideas in the Bible. The uneasiness of “No” is out of the fear that people might misunderstand me as anti-Christian or even anti-religious. Having spent quite a bit of time in weighing various strands of thought, in the end, I have decided to be identified as a syncretistic who takes each school of thought, theism or atheism, as the expression of certain truths of human existence. -
ABSTRACT Multiple Modernizations, Religious Regulations and Church
ABSTRACT Multiple Modernizations, Religious Regulations and Church Responses: The Rise and Fall of Three “Jerusalems” in Communist China Zhifeng Zhong, Ph.D. Mentor: William A. Mitchell, Ph.D. There is an extensive literature on modernization, regulation and religious change from a global perspective. However, China is usually understudied by the scholars. Numerous studies tackle the puzzle of the rising of Christianity and its implications in China. However they fail to synthesize the multiple dynamics and diverse regional difference. This dissertation approaches the development of Christianity in contemporary China from a regional perspective. By doing a case study on twelve churches in three prefecture cities (Guangzhou, Wenzhou and Nanyang), I examine how different historical processes and factors interacted to shape the uneven development of Christianity under the communist rule. The main research questions are: How did Protestantism survive, transform and flourish under a resilient communism regime? What factors account for the regional variance of the transformation of Christianity? I argue that there are multiple modernizations in China, and they created various cultural frames in the regions. Although the party-state tried to eliminate religion, Protestantism not only survived, but transformed and revived in the Cultural Revolution, which laid the foundation for momentum growth in the reform era. The development of Protestantism in China is dynamic, path-dependent, and contingent on specific settings. Different modernizations, religious regulation, historical legacy and church responses led to the rise and fall of three “Jerusalems” in communist China. Copyright © 2013 by Zhifeng Zhong All rights reserved TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES ..................................................................................................... iv LIST OF TABLES ....................................................................................................... -
New Diversities an Online Journal Published by the Max Planck Institute for the Study of Religious and Ethnic Diversity
NEW DIVERSITIES An online journal published by the Max Planck Institute for the Study of Religious and Ethnic Diversity Volume 18, No. 1, 2016 Religion and Superdiversity Guest Editors: Irene Becci (University of Lausanne) Marian Burchardt (Max Planck Institute for the Study of Religious and Ethnic Diversity, Göttingen) Religion and Superdiversity: An Introduction 1 by Marian Burchardt (Max Planck Institute for the Study of Religious and Ethnic Diversity, Göttingen) and Irene Becci (University of Lausanne) Enhancing Spiritual Security in Berlin’s Asian Bazaars 9 by Gertrud Hüwelmeier (Humboldt Universität zu Berlin) Religion, Conviviality and Complex Diversity 23 by Deirdre Meintel (Université de Montréal) Multi-Religiosity: Expanding Research on Ties to Multiple Faiths in the 21st Century 37 by Liza G. Steele (State University of New York at Purchase) Mobility and Religious Diversity in Indigenousness-Seeking Movements: A Comparative Case Study between France and Mexico 53 by Manéli Farahmand (University of Lausanne / University of Ottawa) and Sybille Rouiller (University of Lausanne) When Homogeneity Calls for Super-Diversity: Rome as a Religious Global City 73 by Valeria Fabretti (University of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’) and Piero Vereni (University of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’) Editor: Marian BURchardt Guest Editors: Irene BEccI Marian BURchardt Language Editor: Sarah Blanton Layout and Design: Birgitt SIPPEL Past Issues in 2008-2015: “The Infrastructures of Diversity: Materiality and Culture in Urban Space”, Vol. 17, No. 2, 2015 “Engaging with the Other: Religion, Identity, and Politics in the Mediterranean”, Vol. 17, No. 1, 2015 “Migration and Development: Rethinking Recruitment, Remittances, Diaspora Support and Return”, Vol. 16, No. 2, 2014 “Social Mobility and Identity Formation”, Vol.