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Religionen & Figuren Religionen & Figuren Shaolin Ch’an Tempel Luzern Religionen & Figuren 1. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1. Inhaltsverzeichnis ...............................................................................................................................2 2. Wu De / 武德 = Kampfkunstmoral .....................................................................................................4 2.1.Die erwarteten Tugenden ........................................................................................................4 2.1.1. Cí Bēi / 慈悲 = Barmherzigkeit (Mitgefühl) ..........................................................4 2.1.2. Zì Zhì / ⾃制 = Selbstbeherrschung (Selbstständigkeit) ........................................4 2.1.3. Qiān Xū / 谦虚 = Bescheidenheit (Demut, zurückhaltend) ...................................4 2.2.Tugenden des Handelns ...........................................................................................................4 2.2.1. Qiān Xū / 谦虚 = Demut (Bescheiden, zurückhaltend) .........................................4 2.2.2. Zūn Jìng / 尊敬 = Respekt (Achtung) ....................................................................5 2.2.3. Zhèng Yì / 正义 = Gerechtigkeit ...........................................................................5 2.2.4. Xìn Yòng / 信⽤ = Vertrauen (Glaubwürdigkeit)................................................... 5 2.2.5. Zhōng Chéng / 忠诚 = Loyalität (Treue, Gehorsam) .............................................5 2.3.Tugenden des Geistes ..............................................................................................................5 2.3.1. Yì Zhì / 意志 = Wille (Ambition, Ehrgeiz) ............................................................5 2.3.2. Rěn Nài / 忍耐 = Ausdauer (Durchhalten, Erdulden) ............................................6 2.3.3. Yì Lì / 毅⼒ = Beharrlichkeit (fester Wille, Festigkeit) .........................................6 2.3.4. Nài Xīn / 耐⼼ = Geduld .......................................................................................6 2.3.5. Yǒng Gǎn / 勇敢 = Mut (Tapferkeit, Kühnheit) ....................................................6 3. Die sechs Meister ................................................................................................................................8 3.1.Dámó / 達摩 (um 440-537, nördliche Wie-Dynastie) .............................................................8 3.2.Huìkě / 慧可(487-593, nördliche Zhou-Dynastie) ..................................................................8 3.3.Shèngcān / 圣餐 (?-606 Sui-Dynastie) ....................................................................................8 3.4.Dào xìn / 道信(580-651 Sui – Tang-Dynastie) ........................................................................8 3.5.Hóngrén / 红⼈ (602-674 Tang-Dynastie) ...............................................................................9 3.6.Huìnéng / 慧能 (638-713 Tang-Dynastie) ...............................................................................9 4. Die drei Weisen .................................................................................................................................11 5. Chán / 禅 (Buddhistische Richtung) .................................................................................................13 6. Fójiào qí / 佛教旗 (Buddhistische Flagge) .......................................................................................13 7. Kernlehre des Shaolin Kung Fu ........................................................................................................14 8. Buddhas, Bodhisattvas und Gottheiten .............................................................................................17 8.1.Buddha 17 !2 Shaolin Ch’an Tempel Luzern Religionen & Figuren 8.1.1. shìjiāmóuní Fó / 釋迦牟尼佛 = Historischer Buddha (Shakyumuni Buddha) ...17 8.1.2. Āmítuó fó / 阿弥陀佛 = Amitābha Buddha, .......................................................17 8.1.3. Maitreya oder Mí Lè Fó / 弥勒佛 = Zukunftsbuddha ..........................................17 8.1.4. Bhaisajyaguru oder Yàoshī fó / 藥師佛 = Medizinischer Buddha ......................17 8.1.5. Dipamkara oder Rándēng fó / 然灯佛 = Buddha der Vergangenheit ...................17 8.1.6. Die fünf transzendenten Buddhas ........................................................................18 8.2.Bdohisattvas ...........................................................................................................................18 8.2.1. Bodhisattva oder púsà / 菩萨) ..............................................................................18 8.3.Gottheiten ..............................................................................................................................19 8.3.1. Avalokiteshvara oder Guānyīn / 观⾳ = Götter der Barmherzigkeit ...................19 8.3.2. Wén shū / ⽂殊 (Mañjuśrī) ...................................................................................19 8.3.3. Qiānshǒu Guānyīn / 千⼿觀⾳ = Tausendarmige Avalokitesvara .......................19 8.3.4. Nāgārjuna oder Lóngshù / 龙树 ...........................................................................19 8.3.5. Samantabhadra oder Pǔxián / 普賢 ......................................................................20 8.3.6. Mahasthamaprapta oder Dàshìzhì / ⼤勢⾄ .........................................................20 8.3.7. Ksitigarbha oder Dìzàng / 地藏 ...........................................................................20 8.3.8. Kimnara (Vajrapani) oder Jīngāng shǒu / ⾦剛⼿ ................................................20 8.3.9. Weituo / ⾱馱 .......................................................................................................21 8.3.10. 28 Patriarche vor Dámó / 達摩: ...........................................................................21 8.3.11. Die Vier Himmelskönige ......................................................................................22 8.3.12. sān qīng / 三清 = Die Drei Reinen ......................................................................23 8.3.13. Ba xian / ⼋仙 = Die Acht Unsterblichen ...........................................................23 8.3.14. Tiānhòu / 天后 oder Māzǔ / 妈祖 = Himmelskaiserin .........................................24 8.3.15. Konfuzius oder Kongzi / 孔⼦ .............................................................................24 9. Guan Yu (Kwan Kong) = Gott des Krieges, des Reichtums und des Wissens .................................26 10.Hua Tuo – Ein Pionier der Medizin .................................................................................................28 11.Luóhàn 羅漢 (Arhat) ........................................................................................................................29 11.1.Luóhàn 29 11.2.Arhat 29 12.Die grüne Tara ..................................................................................................................................31 13.Wúwéi = Den Dingen ihren Lauf lassen ..........................................................................................32 14.Das Qilin ..........................................................................................................................................34 !3 Shaolin Ch’an Tempel Luzern Religionen & Figuren 2. Wu De / ྎ஛ = Kampfkunstmoral 2.1.Die erwarteten Tugenden 2.1.1. Cí Bēi / ౅ఓ = Barmherzigkeit (Mitgefühl) Einer der wichtigsten Charakterzüge eines Menschen ist die Barmherzigkeit und das Mitgefühl. Ein barmherziger und mitfühlender Mensch hilft Menschen in Not und unterstützt sie in guten sowie in schweren Zeiten. Die Voraussetzung um ein barmherziger Mensch zu sein, ist die Achtung vor jeglichen Lebewesen, ob Mensch, Tier oder Pflanze. Nicht zu vergessen ist auch die Achtung vor sich selbst. Auch wenn ein mitfühlender und barmherziger Schüler Kung Fu bis in die hohen Künste praktiziert und seinen Körper zu einer gefährlichen Waffe verwandeln kann, hat er dennoch stets ein friedvolles Herz und schadet keinem Lebewesen. (Selbstbeherrschung (Selbstständigkeit = ګZì Zhì / ᛔ .2.1.2 Die Selbstbeherrschung ist für jeden Menschen, besonders Kung Fu Meister und Schüler, eine nicht wegzudenkende Tugend um sich nicht unnötig zu einem Konflikt oder Kampf provozieren zu lassen. Sollte es dennoch einen unausweichlichen Kampf geben, ist es äusserst wichtig durch die Selbstbeherrschung seine reine Selbstverteidigung nie zu überschreiten. Um jedoch erst in die Künste des traditionellen Kung Fu eingeweiht zu werden, benötigt es eine grosse Menge an Selbstbeherrschung und Selbstdisziplin. Nur durch eiserne Disziplin sind wir fähig, unsere Grenzen zu überschreiten um uns stets zu verbessern. (Bescheidenheit (Demut, zurückhaltend = ڏQiān Xū / ᨄ .2.1.3 Durch Bescheidenheit zeichnet sich einen Kung Fu Schüler wahrlich aus. Hochstaplerische Aussagen, Machtausdrücke sowie Prahlerei stehen nicht zur Debatte. Ein bescheidener Schüler tritt seinen Vorfahren, seinem Shifu und auch seinen Mitschülern immer respektvoll gegenüber. Er respektiert die Regeln und Hierarchien einer traditionellen Kung Fu Schule und Familie. Er übernimmt selbständig Arbeiten, welche der Schule sowie der Kung Fu Gemeinschaft dienen. Er unterstützt mit aller Kraft und tiefem Herzen die Lehren des Shaolin Kung Fu. Wahre Bescheidenheit wird ihn immer unterstützen sich nicht zu überschätzen und auch sein Gegenüber nicht zu unterschätzen. 2.2.Tugenden des Handelns 2.2.1. Qiān Xū / 谦虚 = Demut (Bescheiden, zurückhaltend) Ist man bereit seinen eigenen Stolz zu überwinden, kann eine gesunde Demut entstehen. Deine persönlichen
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