DOCSLIB.ORG

2016 Country Review

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Japan 2016 Country Review http://www.countrywatch.com Table of Contents Chapter 1 1 Country Overview 1 Country Overview 2 Key Data 4 Japan 5 Asia 6 Chapter 2 8 Political Overview 8 History 9 Political Conditions 11 Political Risk Index 66 Political Stability 81 Freedom Rankings 96 Human Rights 108 Government Functions 110 Government Structure 112 Principal Government Officials 117 Leader Biography 120 Leader Biography 120 Foreign Relations 122 National Security 152 Defense Forces 154 Chapter 3 157 Economic Overview 157 Economic Overview 158 Nominal GDP and Components 162 Population and GDP Per Capita 164 Real GDP and Inflation 165 Government Spending and Taxation 166 Money Supply, Interest Rates and Unemployment 168 Foreign Trade and the Exchange Rate 169 Data in US Dollars 170 Energy Consumption and Production Standard Units 171 Energy Consumption and Production QUADS 173 World Energy Price Summary 174 CO2 Emissions 175 Agriculture Consumption and Production 176 World Agriculture Pricing Summary 179 Metals Consumption and Production 180 World Metals Pricing Summary 183 Economic Performance Index 184 Chapter 4 196 Investment Overview 196 Foreign Investment Climate 197 Foreign Investment Index 202 Corruption Perceptions Index 215 Competitiveness Ranking 226 Taxation 235 Stock Market 236 Partner Links 237 Chapter 5 238 Social Overview 238 People 239 Human Development Index 242 Life Satisfaction Index 245 Happy Planet Index 257 Status of Women 266 Global Gender Gap Index 268 Culture and Arts 278 Etiquette 278 Travel Information 281 Diseases/Health Data 291 Chapter 6 297 Environmental Overview 297 Environmental Issues 298 Environmental Policy 299 Greenhouse Gas Ranking 300 Global Environmental Snapshot 311 Global Environmental Concepts 323 International Environmental Agreements and Associations 337 Appendices 361 Bibliography 362 Japan Chapter 1 Country Overview Japan Review 2016 Page 1 of 374 pages Japan Country Overview JAPAN Japan's first contact with the Western world came in 1542 when a Portuguese ship landed on its shore. During the 17th century, Japan saw traders and missionaries from Portugal, the Netherlands, England and Spain. Suspecting those traders and missionaries were forerunners of a military conquest by European powers, Japan's shogunate (military dictatorship) put more and more restrictions on the foreigners. This resulted in an isolation policy that lasted for 200 years, until Commodore Matthew Perry of the United States Navy negotiated the opening of Japan to the West with the Convention of Kanagawa in 1854. Within several years, renewed contact with the West profoundly altered Japanese society. The shogunate resigned, and the emperor was restored to power. The "Meiji restoration" of 1868 initiated many reforms. The feudal system was abolished, and numerous Western institutions were adopted, including a Western legal and educational system and constitutional government along parliamentary lines. However, parliamentary government was not rooted deeply enough to withstand the economic and political pressures of the 1930s, during which military leaders became increasingly influential. As a result, Japan withdrew from the League of Nations in 1933 and allied itself with Germany during World War II. Japan started a full scale of invasion of China in 1937 after its invasion of Manchuria in 1931 and attacked the United States at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on Dec. 7, 1941. In August 1945, the United States dropped two atomic bombs on Japan's Hiroshima and Nagasaki. On Sept. 2, 1945, the country surrendered to the United States aboard the USS Missouri in Tokyo Harbor. After the war, Japan was placed under international control of the Allies to ensure that it would become a peaceful nation and establish a democratic government. Political, economic, and social reforms were introduced, and the country's constitution took effect on May 3, 1947. The United States and 45 other Allied nations signed the Treaty of Peace with Japan in September 1951. The post-World War II years saw tremendous economic growth in Japan driven by a high rate of investment and efficient industrial techniques. Today, Japan is the second-largest economy in the world. Although the economy experienced a major slowdown starting in the 1990s following three decades of unprecedented growth, Japan still remains a major economic power, both in Asia and globally. Japan Review 2016 Page 2 of 374 pages Japan Japan Review 2016 Page 3 of 374 pages Japan Key Data Key Data Region: Asia Population: 126919656 Climate: Varies from tropical in south to cool temperate in north. Languages: Japanese Currency: yen (Y) Holiday: Birthday of the Emperor, 23 December (1933), Constitution Day is 3 May Area Total: 377835 Area Land: 374744 Coast Line: 29751 Japan Review 2016 Page 4 of 374 pages Japan Japan Country Map Japan Review 2016 Page 5 of 374 pages Japan Asia Regional Map Japan Review 2016 Page 6 of 374 pages Japan Japan Review 2016 Page 7 of 374 pages Japan Chapter 2 Political Overview Japan Review 2016 Page 8 of 374 pages Japan History According to the traditional Japanese legend, Emperor Jimmu, the ancestor of the present ruling imperial family, founded Japan in 600 B.C.E. About 405 C.E., the Japanese court officially adopted the Chinese writing system, and Buddhism was introduced in Japan during the sixth century C.E. From then on, Japan was under a long period of Chinese cultural influence. From 710 to 1867, various emperors of the Yamato dynasty were only figurehead leaders of the country. Japan was actually ruled by powerful court nobles, regents or military governors called "shoguns." Japan's first contact with the Western world came in 1542 when a Portuguese ship landed on its shore enroute to China. During the 17th century, Japan saw traders and missionaries from Portugal, the Netherlands, England and Spain. Suspecting those traders and missionaries were forerunners of a military conquest by European powers, Japan's shogunate put more and more restrictions on the foreigners. This resulted in an isolation policy of Japan, with all foreigners forced to leave the country and all relations with the outside world barred. The only exceptions were commercial contacts with Dutch and Chinese merchants at Nagasaki, but they were still under severe restrictions. Finally, in 1854, the isolation ended with Commodore Matthew Perry of the U.S. Navy, who forced the opening of Japan to the West with the Convention of Kanagawa. Along with the renewed contact with the Western world, the Meiji Restoration of 1868 brought about great changes to Japan. The shogunate was forced to resign, and the emperor came to power again. Men who had sided with the emperor dominated the Meiji government. They believed Japan needed a unified government as well as constitutionalism to achieve military and material equality with the West. Thus, the feudal system was abolished and various European-style institutions were adopted. One of the primary goals of the Meiji leaders was to achieve equality with the West. Treaty reform Japan Review 2016 Page 9 of 374 pages Japan to end the foreigners' judicial and economic privileges provided by extra territoriality and fixed customs duties were sought as early as 1871. In 1898, the last of the "unequal treaties" with the Western countries was removed, which paved the way for Japan to become a world power in later years. In the late 19th century and early 20th centuries, Japan was at war with China -- 1894-1895, and with Russia in 1904-1905 over the Korean Peninsula, which the Japanese considered a dagger pointed at the heart of Japan. Winning both wars, Japan formally annexed Korea in 1910. As a victor in World War I, Japan's influence in Asia was strengthened and its territory in the Pacific was expanded. At the Versailles Peace Conference in 1919, Japan was recognized as one of the Big Five countries of the new international order. In the 1920s, Japan was on its way to establish a democratic system of government. But in the 1930s, when the parliamentary government was not in its full growth, the military leaders in Japan became more influential amid a world economic crisis. As a result, Japan withdrew from the League of Nations in 1933 and allied itself with Germany during World War II. Japan started a full scale of invasion of China in 1937 after its invasion of Manchuria in 1931 and attacked the United States at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on Dec. 7, 1941. In August 1945, the United States dropped two atomic bombs on Japan's Hiroshima and Nagasaki cities. On Sept. 2, 1945, the country surrendered to the United States aboard the USS Missouri in Tokyo Harbor. Japan was put under international control of the Allies after the war, and it lost all of its overseas possessions. From 1945 to 1952, Japan was under Allied military occupation headed by the Supreme Commander General Douglas MacArthur. The essence of the policies (such as those embodied in the Potsdam Declaration) during the occupation period was demilitarization and democratization of Japan. Under the leadership of the cooperative Japanese and MacArthur's government, Japan began political, economic and social reforms, which brought about the country's rapid economic growth and social changes. A new constitution went into effect May 3, 1947. In September 1951, the United States and 45 other Allied nations signed the Treaty of Peace with Japan, and Japan regained full sovereignty April 28, 1952. Note on History: In certain entries, open source content from the State Department Background Notes and Country Guides have been used. A full listing of sources is available in the Bibliography. Japan Review 2016 Page 10 of 374 pages Japan Political Conditions Political Chronology The 1990s In the postwar years, Japan's political system had been dominated by the Liberal Democratic Party, or LDP. Domination of the Liberal Democratic Party, or LDP, in Japan's politics since the mid-1950s came to an end in 1993, when the party failed to win a majority in the Diet's House of Representatives elections.
Recommended publications
  • Learning from Japan? Interpretations of Honda Motors by Strategic Management Theorists

    Learning from Japan? Interpretations of Honda Motors by Strategic Management Theorists

    Are cross-shareholdings of Japanese corporations dissolving? Evolution and implications MITSUAKI OKABE NISSAN OCCASIONAL PAPER SERIES NO. 33 2001 NISSAN OCCASIONAL PAPER SERIES FULL LIST OF PAST PAPERS No.1 Yamanouchi Hisaaki, Oe Kenzaburô and Contemporary Japanese Literature. No.2 Ishida Takeshi, The Introduction of Western Political concepts into Japan. No.3 Sandra Wilson, Pro-Western Intellectuals and the Manchurian Crisis. No.4 Asahi Jôji, A New Conception of Technology Education in Japan. No.5 R John Pritchard, An Overview of the Historical Importance of the Tokyo War Trial. No.6 Sir Sydney Giffard, Change in Japan. No.7 Ishida Hiroshi, Class Structure and Status Hierarchies in Contemporary Japan. No.8 Ishida Hiroshi, Robert Erikson and John H Goldthorpe, Intergenerational Class Mobility in Post-War Japan. No.9 Peter Dale, The Myth of Japanese Uniqueness Revisited. No.10 Abe Shirô, Political Consciousness of Trade Union Members in Japan. No.11 Roger Goodman, Who’s Looking at Whom? Japanese, South Korean and English Educational Reform in Comparative Perspective. No.12 Hugh Richardson, EC-Japan Relations - After Adolescence. No.13 Sir Hugh Cortazzi, British Influence in Japan Since the End of the Occupation (1952-1984). No.14 David Williams, Reporting the Death of the Emperor Showa. No.15 Susan Napier, The Logic of Inversion: Twentieth Century Japanese Utopias. No.16 Alice Lam, Women and Equal Employment Opportunities in Japan. No.17 Ian Reader, Sendatsu and the Development of Contemporary Japanese Pilgrimage. No.18 Watanabe Osamu, Nakasone Yasuhiro and Post-War Conservative Politics: An Historical Interpretation. No.19 Hirota Teruyuki, Marriage, Education and Social Mobility in a Former Samurai Society after the Meiji Restoration.
  • The Japanese Abduction Issue and North Korea's

    The Japanese Abduction Issue and North Korea's

    UNISCI Discussion Papers ISSN: 1696-2206 [email protected] Universidad Complutense de Madrid España DiFilippo, Anthony STILL AT ODDS: THE JAPANESE ABDUCTION ISSUE AND NORTH KOREA’S CIRCUMVENTION UNISCI Discussion Papers, núm. 32, mayo, 2013, pp. 137-170 Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid, España Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=76727454007 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative UNISCI Discussion Papers, Nº 32 (Mayo / May 2013) ISSN 1696-2206 STILL AT ODDS: THE JAPANESE ABDUCTION ISSUE AND NORTH KOREA’S CIRCUMVENTION Anthony DiFilippo 1 Lincoln University Abstract: During the 1970s and 1980s, North Korea, or as it is known officially, the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK), abducted a number of Japanese citizens. Especially after the late Kim Jong Il admitted to former Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi in September 2002 that agents from the DPRK had kidnapped some Japanese nationals during the Cold War, the abduction issue, which remains unresolved, became highly politicized in Japan. Pyongyang, however, has continued to maintain for some time now that the abduction issue was settled several years ago, while also insisting that Japan must make amends to the DPRK for its past colonization of the Korean Peninsula. For its part, Tokyo has remained adamant about the need to resolve the abduction issue, repeatedly stressing that it is one of the few major problems preventing the normalization of Japan-North Korea relations.
  • Nationalism in Japan's Contemporary Foreign Policy

    Nationalism in Japan's Contemporary Foreign Policy

    The London School of Economics and Political Science Nationalism in Japan’s Contemporary Foreign Policy: A Consideration of the Cases of China, North Korea, and India Maiko Kuroki A thesis submitted to the Department of International Relations of the London School of Economics for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, London, February 2013 Declaration I certify that the thesis I have presented for examination for the MPhil/PhD degree of the London School of Economics and Political Science is solely my own work other than where I have clearly indicated that it is the work of others (in which case the extent of any work carried out jointly by me and any other person is clearly identified in it). The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. Quotation from it is permitted, provided that full acknowledgement is made. This thesis may not be reproduced without my prior written consent. I warrant that this authorisation does not, to the best of my belief, infringe the rights of any third party. I declare that my thesis consists of <88,7630> words. Statement of use of third party for editorial help I can confirm that my thesis was copy edited for conventions of language, spelling and grammar by Josh Collins and Greg Demmons. 2 of 3 Abstract Under the Koizumi and Abe administrations, the deterioration of the Japan-China relationship and growing tension between Japan and North Korea were often interpreted as being caused by the rise of nationalism. This thesis aims to explore this question by looking at Japan’s foreign policy in the region and uncovering how political actors manipulated the concept of nationalism in foreign policy discourse.
  • Growing Democracy in Japan: the Parliamentary Cabinet System Since 1868

    Growing Democracy in Japan: the Parliamentary Cabinet System Since 1868

    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by University of Kentucky University of Kentucky UKnowledge Asian Studies Race, Ethnicity, and Post-Colonial Studies 5-15-2014 Growing Democracy in Japan: The Parliamentary Cabinet System since 1868 Brian Woodall Georgia Institute of Technology Click here to let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Thanks to the University of Kentucky Libraries and the University Press of Kentucky, this book is freely available to current faculty, students, and staff at the University of Kentucky. Find other University of Kentucky Books at uknowledge.uky.edu/upk. For more information, please contact UKnowledge at [email protected]. Recommended Citation Woodall, Brian, "Growing Democracy in Japan: The Parliamentary Cabinet System since 1868" (2014). Asian Studies. 4. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/upk_asian_studies/4 Growing Democracy in Japan Growing Democracy in Japan The Parliamentary Cabinet System since 1868 Brian Woodall Due to variations in the technical specifications of different electronic reading devices, some elements of this ebook may not appear as they do in the print edition. Readers are encouraged to experiment with user settings for optimum results. Copyright © 2014 by The University Press of Kentucky Scholarly publisher for the Commonwealth, serving Bellarmine University, Berea College, Centre College of Kentucky, Eastern Kentucky University, The Filson Historical Society, Georgetown College, Kentucky Historical Society, Kentucky State University, Morehead State University, Murray State University, Northern Kentucky University, Transylvania University, University of Kentucky, University of Louisville, and Western Kentucky University. All rights reserved. Editorial and Sales Offices: The University Press of Kentucky 663 South Limestone Street, Lexington, Kentucky 40508-4008 www.kentuckypress.com Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Woodall, Brian.
  • Center on Japanese Economy and Business

    Center on Japanese Economy and Business

    Center on Japanese Economy and Business ANNUAL REPORT 2015–2016 (JULY 2015–JUNE 2016) Table of Contents Letter from the Directors 2 The Battle Against Deflation: The Evolution of Monetary Policy and Japan’s Experience 52 CJEB 30th-Anniversary Featured Highlights 5 Lunchtime “Zadankai” Seminars 53 CJEB’s 30-Year History (Photos) 5 The Effect of Family-Friendly Regulation on Fertility and CJEB’s 30th-Anniversary Event Highlights 11 Work: Evidence from Japan Using Natural Experiments 53 His Excellency Shinzo Abe, Prime Minister of Japan, Abenomics: Politics and Policy 53 Greets Audience at CJEB’s Tokyo Conference 11 For Yaskawa, the Future Is Now 54 CJEB Lecture Featuring Governor Haruhiko Kuroda, Abenomics: Skepticism and Hope 54 Bank of Japan 14 Two Cultures, One Team: Leading a Major Japanese-Owned CJEB Symposium Featuring Hideki Matsui, Bank in the Americas as the First American CEO 54 Jean Afterman, and George Rose, New York Yankees 15 From Japan’s Leading Securities Company to Asia’s Global 30 Years of Visiting Fellows at the Center 16 Investment Bank: History, Challenges, and Ambitions 55 CJEB Team 21 The Silo Effect on Japanese Companies and Elsewhere 55 Leadership and Staff 21 The Latest Landscape of International Finance 55 Core Faculty 24 The Structure and Characteristics of the Japanese Manga Market 56 Research and Faculty Engagement 27 Lessons in Entrepreneurship: Building a Global Business 56 “Japan’s Economy: Moderate Performance, Japan’s Prewar and Postwar Economic Development 56 Puzzles Persist” by Hugh Patrick 27 Current
  • Banking, Securities, and Insurance

    Banking, Securities, and Insurance

    UC Berkeley UC Berkeley Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title Inside the Castle Gates: How Foreign Corporations Nagivate Japan's Policymaking Processes Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3q9796r6 Author Kushida, Kenji Erik Publication Date 2010 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Inside the Castle Gates: How Foreign Companies Navigate Japan‘s Policymaking Processes By Kenji Erik Kushida A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Political Science in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Steven K. Vogel, Chair Professor John Zysman Professor T.J. Pempel Professor Stephen Cohen Fall 2010 Abstract Inside the Castle Gates: How Foreign Companies Navigate Japan‘s Policymaking Processes by Kenji Erik Kushida Doctor of Philosophy in Political Science University of California, Berkeley Professor Steven K. Vogel, Chair Multinational corporations (MNCs) are at the heart of today‘s global economy, but their effects on the politics of advanced industrialized countries have not been studied systematically. This dissertation analyzes the case of Japan, a country most likely to reveal foreign MNCs‘ influence. Japan developed for most of its history with an extremely low presence of foreign MNCs, but it experienced a dramatic influx from the mid-1990s, particularly in long-protected sectors at the core of its postwar development model of capitalism. The dissertation explains an observed divergence in the political strategies of foreign MNCs in Japan—disruptive challenges to existing policymaking processes and norms of government-business interactions, versus insider strategies, in which MNCs worked within established organizations and prevailing modes of policymaking.
  • Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-72474-6 — an Introduction to Japanese Society Yoshio Sugimoto Index More Information

    Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-72474-6 — an Introduction to Japanese Society Yoshio Sugimoto Index More Information

    Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-72474-6 — An Introduction to Japanese Society Yoshio Sugimoto Index More Information Index Abe, Shinz¯o,236, 303, 312 alternative culture, 285 abilities, of employees, 116–17 characteristics, 287 abortion, 186–8 communes and the natural economy, 299–300 academic world system, 52–3 Cool Japan as, 311 achieved status, 73–4, 81 countercultural events and performances, 298–9 Act on Land and Building Leases (1991), 122 historical examples, 297 Act on Promotion of Women’s Participation local resident–volunteer support movements as, and Advancement in the Workplace (2016), 325 182 mini-communication media and online papers, activism, see resident movements; social 297–8 movements nature of, 297 administrative guidance (gyosei¯ shido¯), 232, 235–6, social formations producing, 286 338 amae (active dependency), 29, 43, 51 administrative systems amakudari (descending from heaven), 232–5, 251 during Heian period, 9 Amaterasu Ōmikami, 6–7, 267 during Kamakura period, 10 ambiguity, manipulation of, 337–8 during Yamato period, 7 Ame no Uzume, 6 adoption, 196 Ampo struggle, 318, 321 AEON, 110 ancestor worship, 266, 281, 295 aging society, 47–8 animators, working conditions, 307 declining birth rate and, 86–7 anime, 27–8, 46–7, 302, 311 life expectancy in, 84–6 animism, 203, 266–7 rise in volunteering and, 323 annual leave, 120 woman’s role as caregiver in, 181 anomie (normlessness), 48 Agon-shu¯ (Agon sect), 273 anti-development protests, 324–5 agricultural cooperatives, 326 anti-nuclear demonstrations, 92, 317–21
  • The Abduction of Japanese People by North Korea And

    The Abduction of Japanese People by North Korea And

    CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Ritsumeikan Research Repository THE ABDUCTION OF JAPANESE PEOPLE BY NORTH KOREA AND THE DYNAMICS OF JAPANESE DOMESTIC POLITICS AND FOREIGN POLICY: CASE STUDIES OF SHIN KANEMARU AND JUNICHIRO KOIZUMI’S PYONGYANG SUMMIT MEETINGS IN 1990, 2002 AND 2004’S PYONGYANG SUMMIT MEETINGS by PARK Seohee 51114605 March 2017 Master’s Thesis / Independent Final Report Presented to Ritsumeikan Asia Pacific University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Asia Pacific Studies ACKNOLEGEMENTS First and foremost, I praise and thank my Lord, who gives me the opportunity and talent to accomplish this research. You gave me the power to trust in my passion and pursue my dreams. I could never have done this without the faith I have in You, the Almighty. I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my supervisor, Professor Yoichiro Sato for your excellent support and guidance. You gave me the will to carry on and never give up in any hardship. Under your great supervision, this work came into existence. Again, I am so grateful for your trust, informative advice, and encouragement. I am deeply thankful and honored to my loving family. My two Mr. Parks and Mrs. Keum for your support, love and trust. Every moment of every day, I thank our Lord Almighty for giving me such a wonderful family. I would like to express my gratitude to Rotary Yoneyama Memorial Foundation, particularly to Mrs. Toshiko Takahashi (and her family), Kunisaki Club, Mr. Minoru Akiyoshi and Mr.
  • The History Problem: the Politics of War

    The History Problem: the Politics of War

    History / Sociology SAITO … CONTINUED FROM FRONT FLAP … HIRO SAITO “Hiro Saito offers a timely and well-researched analysis of East Asia’s never-ending cycle of blame and denial, distortion and obfuscation concerning the region’s shared history of violence and destruction during the first half of the twentieth SEVENTY YEARS is practiced as a collective endeavor by both century. In The History Problem Saito smartly introduces the have passed since the end perpetrators and victims, Saito argues, a res- central ‘us-versus-them’ issues and confronts readers with the of the Asia-Pacific War, yet Japan remains olution of the history problem—and eventual multiple layers that bind the East Asian countries involved embroiled in controversy with its neighbors reconciliation—will finally become possible. to show how these problems are mutually constituted across over the war’s commemoration. Among the THE HISTORY PROBLEM THE HISTORY The History Problem examines a vast borders and generations. He argues that the inextricable many points of contention between Japan, knots that constrain these problems could be less like a hang- corpus of historical material in both English China, and South Korea are interpretations man’s noose and more of a supportive web if there were the and Japanese, offering provocative findings political will to determine the virtues of peaceful coexistence. of the Tokyo War Crimes Trial, apologies and that challenge orthodox explanations. Written Anything less, he explains, follows an increasingly perilous compensation for foreign victims of Japanese in clear and accessible prose, this uniquely path forward on which nationalist impulses are encouraged aggression, prime ministerial visits to the interdisciplinary book will appeal to sociol- to derail cosmopolitan efforts at engagement.
  • The Senkaku/Diaoyu Island Controversy: a Crisis Postponed

    The Senkaku/Diaoyu Island Controversy: a Crisis Postponed

    Naval War College Review Volume 66 Article 5 Number 2 Spring 2013 The eS nkaku/Diaoyu Island Controversy: A Crisis Postponed Paul J. Smith Follow this and additional works at: https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review Recommended Citation Smith, Paul J. (2013) "The eS nkaku/Diaoyu Island Controversy: A Crisis Postponed," Naval War College Review: Vol. 66 : No. 2 , Article 5. Available at: https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review/vol66/iss2/5 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Naval War College Review by an authorized editor of U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Smith: The Senkaku/Diaoyu Island Controversy: A Crisis Postponed THN E SE KAKU/DIAOYU ISLAND CONTROVERSY A Crisis Postponed Paul J. Smith n 11 September 2012, the Japanese government signed a contract worth 2.05 billion yen ($26.1 million) with Kunioki Kurihara, a private business- Oman, to purchase three of the five main islands that constitute the Senkaku/ Diaoyu Island group, an action that effectively nationalized the islands.1 Ironi- cally, the government purchase was designed to head off more ambitious moves by Tokyo’s governor (東京都知事), Shintaro Ishihara, to purchase the islands with cash collected in a national fund-raising campaign. Ishihara, known for his nationalistic views, had told an American audience in April 2012 that the Dr. Smith joined the Naval War College’s National “Senkaku Islets will be purchased by the Tokyo Security Affairs Department in July 2006 and teach- Metropolitan Government .
  • Newsletter February 2018

    Newsletter February 2018

    Embassy of India, Tokyo NEWSLETTER February 2018 Index Ambassador HE Sujan R Chinoy’s Meetings 3 Seminar on India’s Budget 4 Visit of Parliamentary Delegation from India 4 Visit of Chief Minister of Bihar Shri Nitish Kumar 4 Biannual Reception of Japan India Association 5 Seminars on Economic Opportunities in India 5 Workshop on Arctic Governance 5 Outreach events and Seminar in Kagawa and Ehime Prefectures 5 Meeting with senior management and Indian engineers of Toyo Engineering Corporation 5 Forum 21 Alumni of 2016 batch 6 Visit of Addl DGF(FC) of Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change 6 Interactions by Commerce Wing with Senior Officials of Japanese Companies 6 Japan India High Speed Rail Civil Works and Turnouts Workshop 6 1 Visit to JR-East Staff Training Center and Shinkansen General Rolling Stock Center 7 Interactions with Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India Ltd. (DFCCIL) & JICA 7 QCI examination for Yoga 7 Saraswati Puja 7 School Familiarization Visit by Fourth grade students from Taimei Elementary School 7 School visit by Kudan Junior High School 8 Veda and Sanskrit workshop 8 ICCR Scholarship 2018-19 test 8 Luncheon meeting with Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communication, "Curry Club" 8 Public yoga session in Kitanomaru Park 8 Press Release on the Demise of Padma Bhushan Awardee Mr. Saichiro Misumi 9 Automobile Industry in India 10 Udaipur in Rajasthan – a popular tourist destination in India 12 State Profile: Bihar 23 Trade Fairs & Business Exhibitions in India in February – April 2018 25 Trade Queries from India 27 Photo Gallery 30 “Beauty doesn't need ornaments.
  • Caught Between Hope and Despair: an Analysis of the Japanese Criminal Justice System

    Caught Between Hope and Despair: an Analysis of the Japanese Criminal Justice System

    Denver Journal of International Law & Policy Volume 31 Number 4 Fall Article 2 April 2020 Caught between Hope and Despair: An Analysis of the Japanese Criminal Justice System Melissa Clack Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.du.edu/djilp Recommended Citation Melissa Clack, Caught between Hope and Despair: An Analysis of the Japanese Criminal Justice System, 31 Denv. J. Int'l L. & Pol'y 525 (2003). This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Digital Commons @ DU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Denver Journal of International Law & Policy by an authorized editor of Digital Commons @ DU. For more information, please contact [email protected],[email protected]. CAUGHT BETWEEN HOPE AND DESPAIR: AN ANALYSIS OF THE JAPANESE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM Melissa Clack* INTRODUCTION While handcuffed, shackled, forced to excrete in their own clothes, personally bathed by the warden, sleep deprived, food deprived, bribed with cigarettes or food, and, in some cases, "accidentally" killed, a suspect in Japan is interrogated and the world is beginning to acknowledge that such procedures amount to a violation of human rights.' Adopted December 10, 1948, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights was the first international statement to use the term "human rights" and to recognize the right to be free from torture, arbitrary arrest, as well as the right to be presumed innocent until proven guilty. 2 Although the International community has concluded that suspects 3 should be commonly afforded particular rights, there are many disparities from country to country as to what rights are actually guaranteed.4 Overall, industrialized nations afford more rights than do developing countries, with one exception.5 Japan, unlike most * Bachelor of Criminal Justice and B.A.