History of Modern India (1857-1947) Semester
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Sources of Maratha History: Indian Sources
1 SOURCES OF MARATHA HISTORY: INDIAN SOURCES Unit Structure : 1.0 Objectives 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Maratha Sources 1.3 Sanskrit Sources 1.4 Hindi Sources 1.5 Persian Sources 1.6 Summary 1.7 Additional Readings 1.8 Questions 1.0 OBJECTIVES After the completion of study of this unit the student will be able to:- 1. Understand the Marathi sources of the history of Marathas. 2. Explain the matter written in all Bakhars ranging from Sabhasad Bakhar to Tanjore Bakhar. 3. Know Shakavalies as a source of Maratha history. 4. Comprehend official files and diaries as source of Maratha history. 5. Understand the Sanskrit sources of the Maratha history. 6. Explain the Hindi sources of Maratha history. 7. Know the Persian sources of Maratha history. 1.1 INTRODUCTION The history of Marathas can be best studied with the help of first hand source material like Bakhars, State papers, court Histories, Chronicles and accounts of contemporary travelers, who came to India and made observations of Maharashtra during the period of Marathas. The Maratha scholars and historians had worked hard to construct the history of the land and people of Maharashtra. Among such scholars people like Kashinath Sane, Rajwade, Khare and Parasnis were well known luminaries in this field of history writing of Maratha. Kashinath Sane published a mass of original material like Bakhars, Sanads, letters and other state papers in his journal Kavyetihas Samgraha for more eleven years during the nineteenth century. There is much more them contribution of the Bharat Itihas Sanshodhan Mandal, Pune to this regard. -
NIOS 12Th History Syllabus
SYLLABUS Total Reading Time : 240 Hours Max. Marks 100 Number of Papers One RATIONALE History is the scientific study of human beings and the evolution of human society in point of time and in different ages. As such it occupies all important place in the school curricu- lum. It is, therefore, taught as a general subject forming a part of Social Science both at the Middle and the Secondary Stages. At the Middle Stage, entire Indian History is covered, while at the Secondary Stage, the land marks in the development of human society are taught. At the Senior Secondary Stage, History becomes an elective subject. Its main thrust is to bridge the gap between the presence of change-oriented technologies of today and the con- tinuity of our cultural tradition so as to ensure that the coming generation will represent the fine synthesis between change and continuity. It is, therefore, deemed essential to take up the entire Indian History from the Ancient to the Modem period for Senior Secondary Stage. The rationale for taking up the teaching of History at this stage is : 1. to promote an understanding of the major stages in the evolution of Indian society through the ages. 2. to develop an understanding of the historical forces responsible for the evolution of Indian society in the Ancient, Medieval and Modem times. 3. to develop an appreciation of (i) the diverse cultural and social systems of the people living indifferent parts of the country. (ii) the richness, variety and composite nature of Indian culture. (iii) the growth of various components of Indian culture, legitimate pride in the achieve- ment of Indian people in. -
E. V. Smirnova SOME NOTES on TRADITIONAL MARATHA
E. V. Smirnova SOME NOTES ON TRADITIONAL MARATHA JEWELLERY ABSTRACT. The history of Indian jewelry goes back to about five thousand years. During its history, India has been conquered numerous times. However, despite the foreign influence, Indian culture has not lost its identity. The Marathas are carriers of a unique subculture, located at the junction of the Aryan and Dravidian worlds. While the political and socio-economical history of Maharashtra is well studied, there is a considerable lack of research on the culture of the Marathas. Meanwhile, the material culture of the Marathas has its own characteristics, particularly Maratha jewelries arouse profound interest. Ornaments of a Maratha woman is not just a decoration but a special language speaking to others about her status and the events of her life. Jewelry is a family treasury and amulets. Some of the ornaments in modern Maharashtra are known by Persian names, which is incorrectly attributed to their non-Indian origin. Much Maratha jewelry have an ancient history, evidenced in the paintings of Ajanta, sculptural groups, etc. This study provides a brief overview of some pieces of the Maratha jewelry. They are divided into several groups: jewelry for the head, nose ornaments, ear ornaments, neck ornaments, arm ornaments, ornaments for the hand, rings, ornaments for the waist, foot ornaments. The article provides local terms, descriptions of jewelry, their mention in historical sources and cultural monuments. KEYWORDS: Deccan, Maharashtra, Maratha, jewelry, neck ornaments, ear ornaments, rings, feet ornaments, waist ornaments УДК 391.7(=214.35) DOI 10.31250/2618-8600-2019-4(6)-172-180 SMIRNOVA Ekaterina Viktorovna — Associate Professor, St Petersburg State University (Russia St Petersburg) E-mail: [email protected] INTRODUCTION The historical background of Indian jewelry takes us back to the history of the country itself as both are almost equally old. -
Chapter 20 – the Last Great Islamic Empires, 1500-1800
CHAPTER 20 – THE LAST GREAT ISLAMIC EMPIRES, 1500-1800 GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES • How did the trajectory of development differ between the Islamic empires and Europe in the period from 1500-1850? • Why, after centuries as the “underdog,” was Europe by the early nineteenth century finally able to challenge the power of the Islamic empires? • Why was the Islamic world, more than China and Japan, increasingly subject to European intrusion during the early modern period? CHAPTER 20 LEARNING OBJECTIVES The Ottoman Empire and the Eastern Mediterranean World • Summarize the history of the Ottoman Empire • Outline the structure of the Ottoman state • Note the influence of Süleyman • Describe Ottoman culture • Analyze the causes of Ottoman decline The Safavid Empire and the West Asian World • Summarize the rise and decline of the Safavid dynasty • Discuss the impact of the Safavids on Iranian history • Describe Safavid culture The Mughals • Summarize the chronology of Mughal leadership • Discuss rivals to Mughal leadership in India • Note developments in Indian religion during this period Central Asia: Islamization in the Post-Timur Era • Summarize factors that led to the isolation of the Islamic population in Central Asia • Comment on the global effects of the Shi’ite-Sunni rift Power Shifts in the Southern Oceans • Outline the chronology of dominant traders in the southern seas • Understand the role of Muslim traders and Islamic faith in southern-seas cultures CHAPTER SUMMARY This chapter examines the apogee and subsequent decline of global Islamic power in the Ottoman, Safavid and Mughal empires from 1500 to 1800. By the late seventeenth century, Islamic power was in retreat before the rising tide of western European economic and military imperialism. -
Indian History - Dynasties #4
TISS GK Preparation | Indian History - Dynasties #4 TISS GK Preparation Series: GK is a very important section for TISS especially since the verbal and the quant sections are relatively easy. Hence, getting a good score in GK can easily be the difference between getting a TISS call and not getting one. To help you ace this section, we are starting a series of articles devoted to topics commonly asked in the TISS GK section. We hope that this will help you in your preparation. Every article will also be available in PDF format. Here is our #4 article in this series: Indian History – Dynasties. Indian History is a very important topic for TISS with a lot of questions asked on dynasties, ancient India, etc. To help you, we have compiled a list of the important dynasties of India with a little detail on each. Also, this has been presented in a chronological order. Sr. Dynasty/Empire Detail No. 1 Magadha The core of this kingdom was the area of Bihar south of the Ganges; its first capital was Rajagriha (modern Rajgir) then Pataliputra (modern Patna). Magadha played an important role in the development of Jainism and Buddhism, and two of India's greatest empires, the Maurya Empire and Gupta Empire, originated from Magadha. 2 Maurya The Maurya Empire (322–185 BCE) was the first empire to unify India into one state, and was the largest on the Indian subcontinent. The empire was established by Chandragupta Maurya in Magadha (in modern Bihar) when he overthrew the Nanda Dynasty. Chandragupta's son Bindusara succeeded to the throne around 297 BC. -
Medieval India TNPSC GROUP – I & II
VETRII IAS STUDY CIRCLE Medieval India TNPSC GROUP – I & II An ISO 9001 : 2015 Institution | Providing Excellence Since 2011 Head Office Old No.52, New No.1, 9th Street, F Block, 1st Avenue Main Road, (Near Istha siddhi Vinayakar Temple), Anna Nagar East – 600102. Phone: 044-2626 5326 | 98844 72636 | 98844 21666 | 98844 32666 Branches SALEM KOVAI No.189/1, Meyanoor Road, Near ARRS Multiplex, No.347, D.S.Complex (3rd floor), (Near Salem New bus Stand), Nehru Street,Near Gandhipuram Opp. Venkateshwara Complex, Salem - 636004. Central Bus Stand, Ramnagar, Kovai - 9 Ph: 0427-2330307 | 95001 22022 Ph: 75021 65390 Educarreerr Location VIVEKANANDHA EDUCATIONA PATRICIAN COLLEGE OF ARTS SREE SARASWATHI INSTITUTIONS FOR WOMEN AND SCIENCE THYAGARAJA COLLEGE Elayampalayam, Tiruchengode - TK 3, Canal Bank Rd, Gandhi Nagar, Palani Road, Thippampatti, Namakkal District - 637 205. Opp. to Kotturpuram Railway Station, Pollachi - 642 107 Ph: 04288 - 234670 Adyar, Chennai - 600020. Ph: 73737 66550 | 94432 66008 91 94437 34670 Ph: 044 - 24401362 | 044 - 24426913 90951 66009 www.vetriias.com © VETRII IAS STUDY CIRCLE First Edition – 2015 Second Edition – 2019 Pages : 114 Size : (240 × 180) cm Price : 220/- Published by: VETRII IAS STUDY CIRCLE F Block New No. 1, 9th Street, 1st Avenue main Road, Chinthamani, Anna Nagar (E), Chennai – 102. Phone: 044-2626 5326 | 98844 72636 | 98844 21666 | 98844 32666 www.vetriias.com E-mail: [email protected] / [email protected] / [email protected] Feedback: [email protected] © All rights reserved with the publisher. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the written permission of the publisher, will be responsible for the loss and may be punished for compensation under copyright act. -
Theocracy Metin M. Coşgel Thomas J. Miceli
Theocracy Metin M. Coşgel University of Connecticut Thomas J. Miceli University of Connecticut Working Paper 2013-29 November 2013 365 Fairfield Way, Unit 1063 Storrs, CT 06269-1063 Phone: (860) 486-3022 Fax: (860) 486-4463 http://www.econ.uconn.edu/ This working paper is indexed on RePEc, http://repec.org THEOCRACY by Metin Coşgel* and Thomas J. Miceli** Abstract: Throughout history, religious and political authorities have had a mysterious attraction to each other. Rulers have established state religions and adopted laws with religious origins, sometimes even claiming to have divine powers. We propose a political economy approach to theocracy, centered on the legitimizing relationship between religious and political authorities. Making standard assumptions about the motivations of these authorities, we identify the factors favoring the emergence of theocracy, such as the organization of the religion market, monotheism vs. polytheism, and strength of the ruler. We use two sets of data to test the implications of the model. We first use a unique data set that includes information on over three hundred polities that have been observed throughout history. We also use recently available cross-country data on the relationship between religious and political authorities to examine these issues in current societies. The results provide strong empirical support for our arguments about why in some states religious and political authorities have maintained independence, while in others they have integrated into a single entity. JEL codes: H10, -
Iasbaba.Com History Compilation-Prelims
IASbaba.com History Compilation-Prelims 1. In British India, what is ‘Dastak’ known for? 1. A permit exempting European traders, mostly of the British East India Company, from paying customs or transit duties on their private trade. 2. A permit regulating internal trade, mostly for Indian traders. 3. Fee charged by Indian rulers from European Traders when they trade into their territory 4. Fee charged by British government for the regulation of domestic trade. Solution: 1 Explanation: Dastak, in 18th-century Bengal, a permit exempting European traders, mostly of the British East India Company, from paying customs or transit duties on their private trade. The name came from the Persian word for “pass.” The practice was introduced by Robert Clive, one of the creators of British power in India, when he had Mir Jaʿfar installed as nawab of Bengal in 1757. The attempt of Mir Jaʿfar’s successor, Mir Qāsim, to annul the use of dastaks led to his overthrow in 1763–64 and the exercise of overt control of Bengal by the British. Free dastaks for private trade were finally abolished by Warren Hastings, governor of Bengal (1775). The system put the Indian trader at a grave disadvantage in competing with the European and was an important factor in the impoverishment of Bengal under early British rule. Iasbaba.com Page 1 IASbaba.com 2. Consider the following statements with respect to administration of Maratha and Mughal Empires 1. The revenue system of Marathas was progressive unlike Mughals who were mainly interested in raising revenues from the helpless peasantry. 2. -
Medieval History(A.D 750-A.D1707)
Medieval History(A.D 750-A.D1707) • Early Medieval History (A.D750-A.D1206 ) • Delhi Sultanate (A.D 1206 –A.D1526) • Mughal History (A.D 1526-A.D 1707) Great Mughals • Gap of 15 yrs (A.D 1540-A.D1555) • Later Mughals (A.D1707-A.D1858) www.classmateacademy.com 125 The years AD 750-AD 1206 • Origin if Indian feudalism • Economic origin beginning with land grants first by satavahana • Political origin it begins in Gupta period ,Samudragupta started it (samantha system) • AD750-AD950 peak of feudalism ,it continues under sultanate but its nature changes they allowed fuedalism to coexist. www.classmateacademy.com 126 North India (A.D750 –A.D950) Period of Triangular Conflict –Pala,Prathihara,Rashtrakutas Gurjara Prathiharas-West Pala –Pataliputra • Naga Bhatta -1 ,defends wetern border • Started by Gopala • Mihira bhoja (Most powerful) • Dharmapala –most powerful,Patron of Buddhism • Capital -Kannauj Est.Vikramshila university Senas • Vijayasena founder • • Last ruler –Laxmana sena Rashtrakutas defeated by • Dantidurga-founder, • Bhakthiyar Khalji(A.D1206) defeated Badami Chalukyas (Dasavatara Cave) • Krishna-1 Vesara School of architecture • Amoghvarsha Rajputs and Kayasthas the new castes of Medival India New capital-Manyaketa Patron-Jainism &Kannada Famous works-Kavirajamarga,Ratnamalika • Krishna-3 last powerful ruler www.classmateacademy.com 127 www.classmateacademy.com 128 www.classmateacademy.com 129 www.classmateacademy.com 130 www.classmateacademy.com 131 Period of mutlicornered conflict-the 4 Agni Kulas(AD950-AD1206) Chauhans-Ajayameru(Ajmer) Solankis Pawars Ghadwala of Kannauj • Prithviraj chauhan-3 Patronn of Jainsim Bhoja Deva -23 classical Jayachandra (last) • PrthvirajRasok-ChandBardai Dilwara temples of Mt.Abu works in sanskrit • Battle of Tarain-1 Nagara school • Battle of tarain-2(1192) Chandellas of bundelKhand Tomars of Delhi Kajuraho AnangaPal _Dillika www.classmateacademy.com 132 Meanwhile in South India.. -
History of Modern Maharashtra (1818-1920)
1 1 MAHARASHTRA ON – THE EVE OF BRITISH CONQUEST UNIT STRUCTURE 1.0 Objectives 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Political conditions before the British conquest 1.3 Economic Conditions in Maharashtra before the British Conquest. 1.4 Social Conditions before the British Conquest. 1.5 Summary 1.6 Questions 1.0 OBJECTIVES : 1 To understand Political conditions before the British Conquest. 2 To know armed resistance to the British occupation. 3 To evaluate Economic conditions before British Conquest. 4 To analyse Social conditions before the British Conquest. 5 To examine Cultural conditions before the British Conquest. 1.1 INTRODUCTION : With the discovery of the Sea-routes in the 15th Century the Europeans discovered Sea route to reach the east. The Portuguese, Dutch, French and the English came to India to promote trade and commerce. The English who established the East-India Co. in 1600, gradually consolidated their hold in different parts of India. They had very capable men like Sir. Thomas Roe, Colonel Close, General Smith, Elphinstone, Grant Duff etc . The English shrewdly exploited the disunity among the Indian rulers. They were very diplomatic in their approach. Due to their far sighted policies, the English were able to expand and consolidate their rule in Maharashtra. 2 The Company’s government had trapped most of the Maratha rulers in Subsidiary Alliances and fought three important wars with Marathas over a period of 43 years (1775 -1818). 1.2 POLITICAL CONDITIONS BEFORE THE BRITISH CONQUEST : The Company’s Directors sent Lord Wellesley as the Governor- General of the Company’s territories in India, in 1798. -
George Thomas and the Frontier of the British Empire 1781-1802
“If It Were My Way, All This Ought to Be Red”: George Thomas and the Frontier of the British Empire 1781-1802 A Senior Honors Project Presented to the Faculty of the Department of History, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For Bachelor of History with Honors By Devon Hideo Miller 12/02/2017 Committee: Dr. Marcus Daniel, Mentor Dr. Peter H. Hoffenberg Acknowledgements To the teachers, coaches, and professors who have supported me over the course of my education. Everything I have learned in academe is the result of your endeavors and this is a debt I will never be able to repay. To my friends and family who tolerated the library hermit I became over the course of this paper. I do not know where I would be without your support. You were the spark that lit my ambition which led me down this path, and the fuel which carried me through. To my thesis committee members: Dr. Marcus Daniel and Dr. Peter H. Hoffenberg, thank you for your time, effort, patience, and expert advice, especially given the rather unconventional time-schedule of this project. Additionally, I would like to thank you for slogging through the veritable garbled tome that constituted the first draft. This is the result of your generous investment of time and effort. I would especially like to thank my Mentor Dr. Marcus Daniel. Your support has been essential, and I cannot express how grateful I am for your suggestions. i Abstract In 1805, a printer in England published a tale of imperialism, conquest and tragic loss from a memoir from Calcutta, India. -
History Part II 2015 Revised Syallabus
TILAK MAHARASHTRA VIDYAPEETH Vidyapeeth Bhavan, Gultekadi, Pune-411037 Phone -24266700, 24261856, 24264699 Department of History Syllabus M.A. History Revised Syllabus for Master of Arts (M.A. Part II) (ANNUAL PATTERN) YEAR OF IMPLEMENTATION: 2015-16 (FOR EXTERNAL STUDENTS) General Objectives of the Course • To impart high quality of education to the students. • To prepare the students for a variety of challenging careers through innovation in teaching and research and • To develop comprehensive understanding of interdisciplinary issues of the society. Instructions for M.A. External Students • External students of M.A Part-II course should note that there will be an annual pattern examination based on the new syllabus introduced in 2015-2016. • The new syllabus including new set of papers has been introduced for external students of M. A. Part-II from 2015-16. • They must appear for four papers of 100 Marks in a year. • The minimum passing marks per paper is 40%. • Examination will be held at the end of each academic year. • The students should contact the department to get the syllabus and other necessary information. Papers for M.A. History Course for External Students Code No. Part II Core Papers (Two) HC – 211 History of Modern World (1870 – 1990) HC – 212 History of Modern India (1857 – 1990) Elective Papers (Any Two) HO – 211 Making of Modern Maharashtra (1818 – 1960) HO – 212 History of Japan ( 1853-1990) HO – 213 Introduction to Tribal History H0 - 214 Pune Through the Ages Schedule of Examinations • Annual examination will be held in the month of May each year. For repeater students, a supplementary examination is held in the month of December every year.