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Universidade De São Paulo Faculdade De Filosofia UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO FACULDADE DE FILOSOFIA, LETRAS E CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS DEPARTAMENTO DE LETRAS CLÁSSICAS E VERNÁCULAS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM LITERATURA PORTUGUESA LEONARDO ZUCCARO O discurso evidente: Um estudo da descrição na obra impressa de Manuel Botelho de Oliveira Versão corrigida São Paulo 2019 UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO FACULDADE DE FILOSOFIA, LETRAS E CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS DEPARTAMENTO DE LETRAS CLÁSSICAS E VERNÁCULAS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM LITERATURA PORTUGUESA O discurso evidente: Um estudo da descrição na obra impressa de Manuel Botelho de Oliveira Versão Corrigida Leonardo Zuccaro Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao programa de Pós-graduação em Literatura Portuguesa da Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas, da Universidade de São Paulo, como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do título de Mestre em Literatura Portuguesa. Orientadora: Profª. Dra. Adma Fadul Muhana. São Paulo 2019 Autorizo a reprodução e divulgação total ou parcial deste trabalho, por qualquer meio convencional ou eletrônico, para fins de estudo e pesquisa, desde que citada a fonte. Catalogação na Publicação Serviço de Biblioteca e Documentação Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas da Universidade de São Paulo Zuccaro, Leonardo Z94d O discurso evidente: Um estudo da descrição na obra impressa de Manuel Botelho de Oliveira / Leonardo Zuccaro ; orientadora Adma Muhana. - São Paulo, 2019. 264 f. Dissertação (Mestrado)- Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas da Universidade de São Paulo. Departamento de Letras Clássicas e Vernáculas. Área de concentração: Literatura Portuguesa. 1. descrição. 2. letras seiscentistas. 3. poética. 4. retórica. 5. Manuel Botelho de Oliveira. I. Muhana, Adma, orient. II. Título. UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO FACULDADE DE F FACULDADE DE FILOSOFIA, LETRAS E CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS ENTREGA DO EXEMPLAR CORRIGIDO DA DISSERTAÇÃO/TESE Termo de Ciência e Concordância do (a) orientador (a) Nome do (a) aluno (a): Leonardo Zuccaro Data da defesa: 03/10/2019 Nome do Prof. (a) orientador (a): Prof.ª Dra. Adma Fadul Muhana Nos termos da legislação vigente, declaro ESTAR CIENTE do conteúdo deste EXEMPLAR CORRIGIDO elaborado em atenção às sugestões dos membros da comissão Julgadora na sessão de defesa do trabalho, manifestando-me plenamente favorável ao seu encaminhamento e publicação no Portal Digital de Teses da USP. São Paulo, 22/11/2019 ___________________________________________________ (Assinatura do (a) orientador (a) Agradecimentos Agradeço, antes de tudo, à minha orientadora Profª. Dra. Adma Fadul Muhana, por me aceitar como seu orientando, por me orientar, e por confiar em meu trabalho. Em seguida, agradeço a todos aqueles que, de algum modo, me ajudaram durante o período da pesquisa e da escrita, seja por ler meu trabalho, por aconselhar, por recomendar, por instruir, por ouvir, pelo suporte e pela amizade: Isabel Almeida, Luiz Armando Bagolin, Helder Garmes, Maria do Socorro Fernandes de Carvalho, Marcelo Lachat, Jean Pierre Chauvin, Ana Paula Gomes do Nascimento, Gustavo Luiz Nunes Borghi, Wagner José Maurício Costa, Maurício Massahiro Nishihata, Tarsila de Oliveira Delfine Doná, André Sekkel Cerqueira, Flora Azevedo Bonatto, Victor Lima Fernandes, Luís Otávio Garcia Jacuru, Gustavo Blumer Alves, Márcia e Robson Lagrotta, Mara Ghellere de Mendonça, Antonio Geraldo Figueiredo Ferreira, Vera Lucia Mendes, e Dario Trevisan de Almeida Filho. Agradeço ao Prof. Dr. João Adolfo Hansen, ao Dr. Rodrigo Gomes de Oliveira Pinto, e ao Prof. Dr. Marcos Martinho dos Santos, que aceitaram gentilmente e de prontidão compor a Banca Julgadora desta dissertação. Agradeço mais uma vez ao Prof. Dr. Marcos Martinho dos Santos por me acolher como estagiário pelo Programa de Aperfeiçoamento de Ensino (PAE), pelas conversas e por compor a Banca de Qualificação desta mesma pesquisa, ao lado do Prof. Dr. Luiz Armando Bagolin, a quem também agradeço mais uma vez, com o qual muito aprendi durante o estágio por ele supervisionado no Instituto de Estudos Brasileiros (IEB-USP) que se deu no ano de 2013. Em especial, agradeço ao Caio Cesar Estevez de Souza, pelas nossas discussões e eventuais discordâncias, pelo apoio e, sobretudo, pela amizade estabelecida nos momentos finais desta dissertação; à Daniella Bibi Paez Coelho, per la amicizia estabelecida, mesmo que à distância, nos momentos iniciais da minha pesquisa; e ao Tadeu Bruno da Costa Andrade e ao Rafael Frate, que além de sua amizade, foram muito generosos na leitura parcial do texto e na correção do latim. Por fim, à Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Capes), que me concedeu uma bolsa de mestrado. Dedico este trabalho aos meus pais, Maria Thereza Ghellere de Mendonça e Vittorio Zuccaro, por todo o apoio, a confiança e o amor que me deram ao longo de toda a minha vida. E dedico à Juliana Mota Lagrotta, que permanentemente me acompanhou nestes últimos três anos, e cujo carinho, compreensão, paciência e amor tornaram este trabalho menos fadigoso e mais doce. Você é a melhor pessoa que eu conheço. Te amo! How to describe it? It was a massive green door, encased in summer in a kind of green and white striped housing, with a hole for the thounderous wrought-iron knocker and a slit for letters, this latter closed to dust, flies and tits by a brass flap fitted with springs. Samuel Beckett, The Expelled (1946). Esses que desenharam os mapas da surpresa Contornando os cabos e dando nome às ilhas E por entre brilhos espelhos e distâncias Por entre aéreas brumas irisadas Em extáticas manhãs solenes e paradas No breve instante eterno surpreenderam O arcaico sorrir do mar recém-criado.. Sophia de Mello Breyner Andresen, Navegadores (1987). RESUMO Esta dissertação de mestrado intenta estudar a descriptio (isto é, “descrição”) a partir de duas vias: uma, a da doutrina configurada e estabelecida em preceptivas retóricas e gramaticais, sobretudo aquelas produzidas a partir do fim do século XV, passando por todos os séculos XVI e XVII, bem como a primeira década do século XVIII, tomando como referência manuais tais como a tradução latina dos progymnásmata de Aftônio (século IV) feita por Rudolph Agricola (1543-1485), o De Utraque Verborum ac Rerum Copia (1513), de Desidério Erasmo, o De Oratione (1558) de Antoni Llull i Cases, e as Rhetoricae Exercitationes (1569) de Alfonso de Torres; outra, a da prática, analisando como as normas e as prescrições se manifestam na produção letrada deste recorte, e, para tal, elegendo como parâmetro a poesia impressa de Manuel Botelho de Oliveira (1636-1711), a dizer Musica do Parnasso (1705). Daí, a presente dissertação se apresenta como uma análise retórica de poemas deste autor a partir de espécies de descriptio identificadas na doutrina: chronographia (descrição de tempos), rerum descriptio (descrição de coisa), prosopographia (descrição de personagens) e topographia (descrição de lugares). Além de analisá-los sob a luz dos preceitos retóricos, os poemas são cotejados com os de outros autores do mesmo período, a fim de que se possa atestar a adequação de poeta às prescrições ou a sua eventual divergência. Palavras-chave: descrição; Manuel Botelho de Oliveira; letras seiscentistas; poética; retórica. ABSTRACT The following Master’s Dissertation intends to study the concept of descriptio (i.e. description) from two perspectives: the first, theoretical, delves into the doctrine devised and established in rhetorical and grammatical handbooks, especially those produced between the end of 15th C. and the first decade of 18th C. Among the manuals consulted are the translation of Aphthonius’ Progymnasmata made by Rudolphus Agricola (4thC.), De Utraque Verborum ac Rerum Copia (1513), by Desiderius Erasmus, De Oratione (1558), by Antoni Llull i Cases and the Rhetoricae Exercitationes (1569), by Alfonso de Torres. The second, practical perspective demonstrates how the rules and norms presented in the manuals are employed in the period’s bookish production, electing the printed poetical production of Manuel Botelho de Oliverira, namely the collection Musica do Parnasso (1705), as the principal text of reference. The following dissertation is thus presented as a rhetorical analysis of Botelho’s production, taking as principal object the concept of descriptio and its subdivisions, as identified in the manuals: chronographia (description of times), rerum descriptio (description of things), prosopographia (description of characters) and topografia (description of places). In addition to the rhetorical analysis, Botelho’s poems are compared to the works of other contemporary authors so as to demonstrate the poet’s adequation to the prescriptions or his possible departures from them. Keywords: Description; Manuel Botelho de Oliveira; 17th Century Letters, Poetics; Rhetoric. SUMÁRIO Introdução................................................................................................p. 10 I. Descrição: Arrazoado ou Figura...............................................p. 17 II. Substância e Acidentes.............................................................p. 44 III. Espécies...................................................................................p. 59 IV. Pintura de Tempos...................................................................p. 66 V. De Rerum Descriptione...........................................................p. 97 VI. Hierarquia das Partes.............................................................p. 130 VII. Natureza e Situação...............................................................p. 185
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