Key Statistics

Unit 2013-14 2014-15 PLANT & EQUIPMENT Capital-at-charge ` in crore 2,08,844.28@ 2,42,116.97# Total Investment ” 3,24,662.40 3,68,758.21 Route Length Kms. 65,808 66,030 Locomotives Nos. 10,499 10,773 Passenger Service Vehicles ” 59,589 61,558 Other Coaching Vehicles ” 6,792 7,000 Wagons ” 252,833* 2,54,006 Railway Stations ” 7,112 7,137 OPERATION: Passenger: Train Kms. Millions 733.4 759.3 Vehicle Kms. ” 23,542 24,802 Freight: Train Kms. ” 418.8 401.9 Wagon Kms. ” 19,546 18,930 VOLUME OF TRAFFIC: Passengers Originating Millions 8,397 8,224 Passenger Kms. ” 1,140,412* 1,147,190 Tonnes Originating:$ Revenue Earning Traffic ” 1,051.64 1,095.26 Total Traffic (incl. non-revenue) ” 1,058.81 1,101.09 Tonne Kms.$ Revenue Earning Traffic ” 665,810 681,696 Total Traffic (incl. non-revenue) ” 666,728 682,612 EMPLOYMENT AND WAGES: Regular Employees Thousands 1,334 1326 Wage Bill of Regular Employees ` in crore 75,893.05 84,748.01 Average Annual Wage per Regular ` 5,85,620 6,57,829 Employee FINANCIAL RESULTS: Revenue ` in crore 1,39,558.18 1,56,710.54 Expenses ” 1,30,320.76 1,42,995.88 Miscellaneous Transactions ” 2,511.65 3,123.83 Net revenue (before dividend) ” 11,749.07 16,838.49 Rate of Return on Capital Percent 5.63 6.95 Dividend on Capital ` in crore 8,008.67 9,173.55 Shortfall(-)/Excess(+) ” 3,704.40 7,664.94 * revised @ Includes investment (` 38,675.93 crore) from Capital Fund. # Includes investment (` 44,125.17 crore ) from Capital Fund. $ Excludes Konkan Railway. 3 Other Important Statistics

S.No. Item Unit 2013-14 2014-15 I Rail Network 1 Route Kilometres (i) BG Kms. 58177 58825 (ii) MG " 5334 4908 (iii) NG " 2297 2297 (iv) Total (all gauges) " 65808 66030 2 Running Track Kilometres (Total all gauges) " 89919 90803 3 Total Track Kilometres (Total all gauges) " 116765 117996 4 Electricfied Route Kilometre (Total all gauges) " 21614 22224 II Rolling stock 1 Number of Locomotives (in units) (i) Steam " 43 43 (ii) Diesel " 5633 5714 (iii) Electric " 4823 5016 (iv) Total " 10499 10773 2 Number of Wagons " 252833* 254006 3 Number of Coaches- (in units) (i) Passenger Carriages (including DEMU/DHMU) " 51217 53048 (ii) Other Coaching Vehicles " 6791 7000 (iii) EMU and MEMU Coaches " 8337 8475 (iv) Rail Cars " 35 35 (v) Total " 66380 68558 III Loco Utilisation 1 Tractive effort per loco (i) BG Kgs. 36557 36954 (ii) MG " 18184 17950 2 GTKMs (excl. wt. of engine & dept.) per kg. of tractive effort. (i) BG Kms. 4738 4642 (ii) MG " 1279 1337 3 Engine kilometres per day per engine in use (Pass.) (B.G) (i) Diesel Kms. 615* 614 (ii) Electric " 697 713 4 Engine kilometres per day per engine in use (Goods)(B.G)

4 S.No. Item Unit 2013-14 2014-15 (i) Diesel Kms. 429 383 (ii) Electric " 473 405 5 NTKMs per engine hour (BG) All traction 18804* 18586 6 Ineffective percentage of locomotives (B.G) Percent (i) Diesel " 8.71 8.93 (ii) Electric " 7.56 6.40 IV Wagon Utilisation 1 Wagon KMs in terms of 8 wheelers Million 19546 18930 2 Total Carrying Capacity (All Gauges) Million 14.05 14.33 Tonnes 3 Average carrying capacity - wagon Tonnes (i) BG " 59.1 60.0 (ii) MG " 33.2 33.9 4 Wagon Turn Round (in days) (BG) Days 5.13 4.98 5 Wagon Kms. per wagon per day (BG) Kms 264.6 265.9 6 NTKMs per wagon per day (BG) Kms 8547 8642 7 Ineffective percentage of wagons (B.G) %age 3.99 3.98 V Coach Utilisation 1 Vehicle Kms Millions (i) Suburban (EMU) " 1824 1942 (ii) Non Suburban " 21718 22860 (iii) Total " 23542 24802 2 Vehicle Kms per vehicle day (B.G) Kms. 565 581 3 Ineffective percentage of coaches(B.G) Percent 6.24 6.23 (Passenger Carriage) VI Train Utilisation a. Passenger Train Performance 1 Number of Passenger trains runs daily Nos. 12690 13098 2 Passenger Train Kms Millions 733.8 759.3 b. Goods Train Performance 1 Number of Goods trains runs daily Nos. 8908* 9202 2 Goods Train Kms. Millions 418.8 401.9 3 Average Speed of All Goods Train (B.G.) (i) Diesel Kms./Hour 24.4 23.3 (ii) Electric " 26.9 24.8 (iii) All Traction " 25.9 24.2 4 Average Net load of Goods train (B.G)(All Tonnes 1592* 1703 traction) 5 Average Gross load of Goods train (B.G) Tonnes 2702 2827 (All traction)

5 S.No. Item Unit 2013-14 2014-15 VII Volume of traffic a. Passenger Traffic (Suburban + Non- Suburban) 1 Passenger Originating Millions 8397 8224 2 Passenger Kilometres Millions 1140412* 1147190 3 Average Lead Kms. 135.8* 139.5 4 Passenger Earnings crores 36532.25 42189.61 5 Average rate per PKMs Paise 32.03* 36.78 Number of Passenger carried per day Millions 23.00 23.00 b. Freight Traffic (Revenue) 1 Tonnes originating Millions 1051.64 1095.26 2 Lead (originating) Kms. 633 622 3 Freight Earnings excl. Demurrarge/ ` crores 91570.85 103100.15 Wharfage 4 Frieght NTKMs Millions 665810 681696 5 Average rate per NTKMs Paise 137.5 151.2 6 Earnings per million tonne ` crores 87.07 94.13 7 Freight carried per day (including non- Millions 2.90 3.02 revenue) Tonnes VIII Train Accidents (Excl. KRCL) Nos. 117* 131 1 Collisions " 4 5 2 Derailment " 52 60 3 Level Crossing " 51 56 4 Fire in trains " 7 6 5 Miscellaneus " 3 4 6 Accident per million train kms 0.10 0.11 IX Density 1 Net Tonne Kms per route Km. (BG) Km. 11.45 11.60 2 Passenger Kms per route Km. (BG) " 19.31* 19.24 3 Gross Tonne Kms per route Km. (BG) " 33.41 33.76 X Comsumption of Fuel/Energy by Locomotive# (i) Diesel Million litres 2789.26 2856.19 (ii) Electric Million KWH 15169.16 15742.89 * revised # Provisional

6 ECONOMIC REVIEW

Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

The Indian economy emerged with a favorable economic outlook during 2014-15, with an improved macroeconomic situation, as the economy was relieved of many of the vulnerabilities associated with the economic slowdown, including persistent inflation, high fiscal deficit, slackening domestic demand, external account imbalances and the oscillating value of the rupee. An inter-play of factors like the steep decline in oil prices, capital inflows from the rest of the world, and the potential impact of the reform initiatives of the new Government at the centre, with its commitment to calibrated fiscal management and consolidation, bode well for the growth prospects and the overall macroeconomic situation. Though the global sluggishness fed into the lacklustre growth in foreign trade during the year, strong domestic demand kept the growth momentum going. The Ministry of Statistics & Programme Implementation released the new series of National Accounts on January 30, 2015, revising the base year from 2004-05 to 2011-12. Apart from a shift in the reference year for measuring the real growth, conceptual changes conforming to international standards, were incorporated in the new series. In the revised series, Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at factor cost has been replaced by industry-wise estimates to be presented as Gross Value Added (GVA)1 at basic prices, while “GDP at market prices” is now being referred to as GDP. As per the new series, GDP at constant prices has been estmated at 5.6 per cent and 6.6 per cent respectively during 2012-13 and 2013-14. The first revised estimates of GDP for 2014-15 at 7.2 per cent, indicate that the positive growth trends that unraveled in 2013-14, strengthened further in 2014-15.

GDP at constant 2011-12 prices 2011-12* 2012-13* 2013-14* 2014-15@ GDP at constant prices (` crore) 8736039 9226879 9839434 10552151 Growth rate (%) - 5.6 6.6 7.2 * Second Revised Estimate @ First Revised Estimate Source: Central Statistics Office (CSO)

7 Agriculture Indian agriculture has become more robust over the last decade, with record production of food grains. Despite deficiency of monsoon rainfall during 2014-15, the loss in production was restricted. As compared to 2013- 14 production of 265.04 million tonnes, production during 2014-15 as per the 4th advanced estimate, was 252.68 million tonnes. This was lower by 12.36 million tonnes, but still higher than the average production during the last five years. Production of selected agricultural commodities (million tonnes) Items 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 Final 4th Advance Estimate Estimate Food grains 244.49 259.29 257.13 265.04 252.68 Wheat 86.87 94.88 93.51 95.85 88.94 Rice 95.98 105.30 105.24 106.65 104.80 Coarse Cereals 43.40 42.01 40.04 43.29 41.75 Pulses 18.24 17.09 18.34 19.25 17.20 Source: Dept. of Agriculture and Cooperation Figures may not add due to rounding off Industry Industrial growth, which had slowed down since 2011-12, reversed the trend in 2014-15. As against a negative growth of 0.1 per cent in 2013- 14, industrial production on the basis of the Index of Industrial Production (IIP), recorded a relative improvement, with a growth of 2.8 per cent in 2014-15. The manufacturing sector, which has a weight of 75.53 per cent in IIP also recovered moderately during the year, recording a growth of 2.3 per cent in 2014-15, as against (-)0.8 per cent in 2013-14. The persistent low growth in manufacturing is mainly due to high rate of interest, infrastructure bottlenecks, and low external demand. Mining and Electricity registered a growth of 1.5 and 8.4 per cent respectively, during the year. Sectoral Growth Rates of Industrial Sector based on IIP (%) (Base: 2004-05 = 100) Industry Group Weight 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 General Index 100 8.2 2.9 1.1 -0.1 2.8 Mining 14.2 5.2 -2.0 -2.3 -0.6 1.5 Manufacturing 75.5 9.0 3.0 1.3 -0.8 2.3 Electricity 10.3 5.5 8.2 4.0 6.1 8.4 Source: CSO In terms of use-based classification, basic goods and capital goods witnessed marked improvement in performance during 2014-15, registering growth rates of 7.0 per cent and 6.4 per cent respectively, as against 2.1 per

8 cent and (-)3.6 per cent, during 2013-14. Intermediate goods recorded an increase of 1.7 per cent in 2014-15, as against 3.1 per cent during 2013-14. Consumer durable goods recorded a fall by 12.6 per cent during 2014-15, as against a decline of 12.2 per cent in 2013-14. Consumer non durables grew by 2.8 per cent in 2014-15, as against 4.8 per cent growth recorded in the preceding year. Infrastructure The index of 8 core infrastructure industries (comprising coal, crude oil, natural gas, petroleum refinery products, fertilizers, electricity, cement and finished carbon steel) with a weight of 37.9 in the IIP grew at 4.4 per cent in 2014-15, as compared to 4.2 per cent in 2013-14. Natural Gas with a negative growth rate of (-)5.0 per cent continued to be the worst performing infrastructure industry in 2014-15 followed by crude oil, which registered a negative growth of (-)0.9 per cent. Coal and Electricity were the leading infrastructure industries recording an improvement from 1.3 per cent and 6.0 per cent in 2013-14 to 8.5 per cent and 8.2 per cent respectively in 2014-15. The improved performance in electricity may be attributable to the high growth in thermal generation; while that in coal mining was due to higher production by Coal India Limited, and captive mining. Cement performed better due to improved capacity addition. On the other hand, natural gas and crude oil production declined, because of no major discoveries, and problems associated with old oilfields. Domestic steel production was affected by slowdown in domestic demand and cheaper imports. Fertilizer production contracted mainly because of non- availability of gas, and no significant capacity addition in the past few years.

Growth (%) in Infrastructure Industries (Base 2004-05=100) Sectors Weight 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 Coal 4.38 -0.2 1.3 4.6 1.3 8.5 Crude oil 5.21 11.9 1.0 -0.6 -0.2 -0.9 Natural Gas 1.71 10.0 -8.9 -14.5 -13.0 -5.0 Refinery Products 5.94 3.0 3.1 29.0# 1.5 0.4 Fertilizers 1.25 0.0 0.4 -3.4 1.5 -0.1 Steel 6.68 13.2 10.3 4.1 11.5 4.2 Cement 2.41 4.5 6.7 7.7 3.1 5.6 Electricity 10.32 5.6 8.1 4.0 6.0 8.2 Overall 37.90 6.6 5.0 6.5 4.2 4.4 Source: Office of the Economic Adviser, D/o Industrial Policy & Promotion # Refinery Products’ yearly growth rates of 2012-13 are not comparable with other years on account of inclusion of RIL (SEZ) production data since April, 2012

9 External Sector Foreign Trade The improvement in international demand had a positive impact on the Indian export market during 2013-14. Exports registered a growth of 4.66 per cent in US$ terms in 2013-14. On the other hand, the import bill declined by 8.26 per cent on account of curbs on imports of gold and subdued oil prices. These developments resulted in improvement of the trade deficit during 2013-14. However, global subdued recovery and the resultant low demand reduced the export demand which fell to (-) 1.29 per cent in 2014-15. Imports also witnessed a negative growth of (-) 0.48 per cent during 2014-15. The trade deficit deteriorated from US$ 135.79 billion in 2013-14 to US$ 137.69 billion in 2014-15.

Export, Import and Trade Deficit (in US $ billion) Item 2013-14 Growth (%) 2014-15 Growth (%)

Exports 314.41 4.66 310.34 -1.29 Imports 450.20 -8.26 448.03 -0.48 Trade Deficit# -135.79 -137.69 #: Exports minus Imports Source: Department of Commerce Foreign Exchange Reserves & Exchange rate The level of India’s foreign exchange reserves comprises foreign currency assets, gold, Special Drawing Rights2 and Reserve Tranche3 Position in the International Monetary Fund. The reserves increased from US$ 304.2 billion at the end of March 2014 to US$ 341.6 billion in March 2015. This was due to measures taken by the government such as, curb on gold imports, etc. The rupee-US dollar exchange rate broadly remained stable during the year, due to the huge inflow of FDI and FII in the equity and bond markets. On point-to-point basis, the rupee depreciated from `59.65/US$ on April 2, 2014 to `62.59/US$ on March 31, 2015. The rupee reached a low of ` 63.75 per US dollar on December 30, 2014 and a peak of 58.43 per US dollar on May 19, 2014, during 2014-15. On the whole, the rupee exhibited resilience to global events. Foreign capital inflows There was marked improvement in the net capital/financial flows both in terms of quantum and quality in the first half of 2014-15. Net foreign direct

10 investments (FDI) increased from $ 21.56 billion in 2013-14 to $ 32.63 billion in 2014-15, while Net Portfolio investments saw a significant jump from US $ 4.82 billion in 2013-14 to US $ 40.93 in 2014-15 (Table 6). As per the Annual Economic Survey 2014-15, “The net flows in the form of FDI and portfolio investment were more than sufficient to finance the current account deficit during this period. While higher net FDI flows reflect a positive outlook about the growth potential of the domestic economy, robust portfolio inflows in 2014-15 were underpinned by reduced external- sector vulnerabilities of the domestic economy and benign global financial conditions”.

Net Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)/Net Portfolio Investment (in US$ billion) Net FDI Net Portfolio Investment 2010-11 11.31 30.29 2011-12 21.86 17.17 2012-13 19.82 26.89 2013-14 21.56 4.82 2014-15 32.63 40.93 Source: Reserve Bank of India Current Account Deficit (CAD) The overall balance of payments showed an improvement during 2014- 15. Lower CAD, and improvements in net invisible earnings, along with a sizeable increase in net financial inflows enabled a large build up of reserves. The CAD shrank to US$ 27.5 billion in 2014-15 (1.3 per cent of the GDP) from US$ 32.4 billion (1.7 per cent of the GDP ) in 2013-14. Inflation Headline inflation based on the Wholesale Price Index (WPI), averaged 6.0 per cent in 2013-14, and moderated to 2.0 per cent in 2014-15. Fuel inflation which was highest at 10.1 per cent in 2013-14, declined significantly to (-) 0.9 per cent in 2014-15, due to weak global demand, and fall in the global crude oil prices. Manufacturing inflation which was 3.0 per cent in 2013-14, further fell to 2.4 per cent in the year 2014-15. The primary group registered a price rise of 3.0 per cent in 2014-15, as against a high of 9.8 per cent in 2013-14. Global factors, namely, persistent decline in crude prices, soft global prices of tradables, particularly edible oils and even coal, helped moderate headline inflation. The tight monetary policy was helpful

11 in keeping the demand pressures contained, creating a buffer against any external shock and keeping volatility in the value of the rupee under check. During the last one year, the rupee remained relatively stable vis-à-vis the major currencies, which too had sobering influence on inflation.

Annual Inflation rate (%) based on WPI (Base 2004-05=100)

Weight April-March Items/Groups (%) (Average) 2013-14 2014-15 All Commodities 100 6.0 2.0 1.Primary articles 20.1 9.8 3.0 2.Fuel and Power Group 14.9 10.1 -0.9 3.Manufactured Products 65.0 3.0 2.4 Source: Computed from base data released by the Office of the Economic Adviser, D/o Industrial Policy & Promotion WPI based Inflation rates of select inputs used by IR, recorded moderate to low inflation during 2014-15. High Speed Diesel recorded an inflation rate of 2.5 per cent, as against 18.6 per cent in 2013-14. Other inputs like electricity for railway traction and lubricants recorded an inflation rate of 4.6 per cent and 4.7 per cent respectively, as against 20.3 per cent and 6.1 per cent in 2013-14. Unlike in 2013-14, fuel items did not account for much price rise during 2014-15. Major commodities carried by Indian railways The following Table shows the percentage of total availability (production plus imports) of some of the major commodities carried by the Indian Railways during the last 5 years.

Percentage of total availability (production plus imports) of select major commodities carried by the Indian Railways

Coal Iron Ore Cement Foodgrains Fertilizers Pol Products

2010-11 69.87 56.67 46.78 17.77 81.60 18.52

2011-12 70.91 61.75 50.43 17.89 88.27 18.16

2012-13 70.70 79.76 41.81 19.06 88.29 17.39

2013-14 (R) 69.35 81.33 42.74 20.79 88.69 17.33

2014-15 (P) 65.75 79.98 40.36 21.95 87.65 17.01

(P) Provisional (R) Revised

12 SELECTED ECONOMIC INDICATORS

ITEM Unit / Base 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15

I. (a) Net National Income#

(i) At 2011-12 prices ` crore - 7742074* 8109505* 8615309* 9235026@

(ii) At current prices ` crore - 7742074* 8774615* 9934405* 11007592@

(b) Per capita net national income#

(i) At 2011-12 prices ` in units - 63460* 65664* 68867* 72889@

(ii) At current prices ` in units - 63460* 71050* 79412* 86879@

II. Gross Capital Formation#

Railways

(i) At 2011-12 prices ` crore - 32087* 39533* 42264* 51737@

(ii) At current prices ` crore - 32087* 41731* 46119* 57970@

III. Foreign Trade:

(a) Value of exports ` crore 1136964 1465959 1634318 1905011 1896348

Value of imports ` crore 1683467 2345463 2669162 2715434 2737087

(b) Value of exports US $ Million 249816 305964 300401 314405 310338

Value of imports US $ Million 369769 489319 490737 450200 448033

I V. Index of Agricultural Production (Triennium ending 2007-08 =100

(a) All Crops (100.00) 121 125.3 124.2 129.6 123.9

(b) Foodgrains (50.66) 114.3 119.5 119.4 123.3 116.4

(c) Non-foodgrains (49.34) 128.0 131.2 129.2 136.1 131.5

V. Index of Industrial Production (2004-05=100)

Weight

(a) General Index (100.00) 165.5 170.3 172.2 172.0 176.9

(b) Mining & Quarrying (14.157) 131.0 128.5 125.5 124.7 126.5

(c) Manufacturing (75.527) 175.7 181.0 183.3 181.9 186.1

(d) Electricity (10.316) 138.0 149.3 155.2 164.7 178.6

#Data is as per revised series of national accounts, released by CSO on January 30,2015, and is available only from 2011-12 onwards.

* Second Revised Estimates @ First Revised Estimates

13 SELECTED ECONOMIC INDICATORS (Contd.)

ITEM 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15

VI. Wholesale Price Weight Index (Financial Year Average with weights) (Base 2004-05=100)

(a) All Commodities (100.00) 143.3 156.1 167.6 177.6 181.2

(b) Primary Articles (20.12) 182.4 200.3 220.0 241.6 248.8

(c) Fuel & Power (14.91) 148.3 169.0 186.5 205.4 203.5

(d) Manufactured Products (64.97) 130.1 139.5 147.1 151.5 155.1

VII. Wholesale Price Weight Indices of Important Commodities used by Railways

(a) Non-coking coal (1.01) 134.9 180.1 217.0 176.7 178.1

(b) Minerals Oils (9.36) 157.5 184.0 202.5 226.0 219.6

(c) Electricity for Railway (0.09) 113.8 116.2 125.2 150.6 157.6 traction

(d) Basic Metals, Alloys & (10.75) 140.7 156.3 166.1 164.5 165.6 Metal Products

(i) Steel (0.03) 113.5 123.5 126.2 126.2 130.6

(ii) Ferro Alloys (0.14) 148.1 146.8 151.7 155.6 158.9

(iii) Non-Ferrous Metals (1.00) 153.5 157.1 160.9 164.0 168.6

(e) Electrical Machinery, (2.34) 123.9 129.7 133.0 136.6 138.6 Equipment & Batteries

(f) Chemicals & (12.02) 124.0 134.7 143.6 148.9 152.8 Chemical Products

(g) Non-metallic Mineral (2.56) 144.6 152.9 163.3 166.2 172.9 Products

(h) Cotton Textiles (2.61) 129.2 143.8 146.2 158.0 162.6

(i) Logs & Timber (0.08) 124.2 132.7 145.3 144.3 130.6

(j) Cement & Lime (1.39) 150.8 157.0 168.6 167.0 169.6

(k) Lubricants (0.17) 192.6 230.4 244.6 259.5 271.8

(l) High Speed Diesel (4.67) 151.7 164.5 183.6 217.8 223.3

VIII. Consumer Price Index 179.8 194.8 215.2 236.0 250.8 (Industrial Workers) (Base 2001=100)

14 Planning

Outlays in Five Year Plans:

IR draws up its Development Plans within the framework of National Five-Year Plans. Plan outlays for IR and the transport sector as a whole are given below:

(` in crore) Sectors/Units Upto VI Plan VII Plan VIII Plan IX Plan X Plan XI Plan XII Plan V Plan^ 1980-85 1985-90 1992-97 1997-02 2002-07 2007-2012 2012-2017 1950-78 Railways 4,723 6,585 16,549 32,306 45,725 84,003 *1,89,838@ 4,19,221 @ Transport Sector 10,117 13,962 29,548 65,173 1,17,563 2,59,777 6,13,185 12,04,172 Total Plan Outlay 59,979 1,09,292 2,18,729 4,85,457 8,13,998 15,25,639# 36,76,936 76,69,807 Transport Sector 16.9 12.8 13.5 13.4 14.4 17.0 16.7 15.7 as %age of Total Plan Railways as % 7.9 6.0 7.6 6.7 5.6 5.5 5.2 5.5 age of Total Plan ^ Excludes inter-plan period 1966-69. # Original Outlay. @ the outlay do not include funding from PPP or private source. * revised In the year 2014-15 the following assets were acquired and task accomplished Heads 2014-15 1. Locomotives (Nos.) 605 2. Wagons (BLC+ Private Wagons) ( ” ) 11,151 3. Coaches including ( ” ) 3,731 EMUs ( ” ) 81 MEMUs ( ” ) 92 DMUs ( ” ) 293 4. Route Kms of track electrified (Kms.) 1,375 5. New lines constructed (Kms.) 313 6. Double/Multiple lines provided (Kms.) 705 7. Track renewals (both primary & secondary renewal) (Kms.) 2,424 8. Gauge Conversion to BG from MG/NG (Kms.) 527

15 The Plan allocation (Revised Estimates) and Actual Net Expenditure for 2014-15 compared with 2013-14, were as follows:-

(` in crore) PLAN HEAD 2013-14 2014-15 Allocation Actual Net Allocation Actual Net (R.E.) Expenditure (R.E.) Expenditure CIVIL ENGINEERING 1 New Lines (Construction) * 6,512.99 5,801.35 ** 8,937.67 7,107.03 2 Restoration of Dismantled Lines 51.00 54.66 3 Gauge Conversion @ 2,944.40 ###2,873.71 @@ 3,228.97 3,520.12 4 Doubling !3,433.66 2,960.99 !!4028.14 3,859.32 5 Traffic Facilities- Yard Remodelling and $716.36 655.53 $$950.72 780.74 Others 6 Road Safety Works -Level Crossings 510.03 503.75 459.75 441.16 7 Road Safety Works - Road Over/Under 1,989.97 1,479.10 † 2,017.25 1,765.28 Bridges 8 Track Renewals 3,389.68 3,665.76 3,736.00 3,734.39 9 Bridge Works 370.71 377.48 452.04 413.11 10 Staff Quarters 266.26 228.47 307.29 241.24 11 Amenities for Staff 345.84 282.92 341.69 272.18 12 New Lines (const.) – Dividend free Projects >800.00 #803.85 >1300 #1294.42 TOTAL 21,330.90 19,687.57 25,795.52 23,428.99 MECHANICAL 1 Rolling Stock ^17,083.11 £17,296.63 ^^16814.90 £16,274.73 2 Leased Assets – Payment of Capital 4,970.00 4,970.87 5,452.00 5,449.24 Component 3 Machinery and Plant 308.48 449.14 458.47 459.34 4 Workshops & Production Units &1,889.71 1,814.84 &&2,707.04 1,669.67 TOTAL 24,251.30 24,531.48 25,432.41 23,852.99 ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING 1 Electrification Projects 1,202.56 1,263.06 1,397.00 1,386.67 2 Other Electrical Works %118.92 121.03 129.65 106.03 3 Traction Distribution Works 194.15 193.00 221.66 194.71 TOTAL 1,515.63 1,577.09 1,748.31 1,687.38 SIGNAL & TELECOMMUNICATION 1 S & T Works 896.80 899.47 1,027.11 1,002.46 TOTAL 896.80 899.47 1,027.11 1,002.46 OTHERS 1 Computerisation 228.09 154.33 316.77 203.79 2 Railway Research 28.06 24.50 25.00 19.49 3 User’s Amenities 894.89 862.23 f 1,049.91 857.84 4 Investment in PSUs 1,030.64 691.90 571.5 654.01 5 Investment in non-Government # 6,731.00 ££ 4,037.68 ## 7811.5 ££ 4484.30 Undertakings including JVs/SPVs 6 Other Specified Works 368.11 321.38 448.03 339.24 7 Inventories (-) 57.43 298.79 (-) 207.11 1193.76 8 M.T.Ps. < 2,141.02 902.85 <<1,779.43 992.36 TOTAL 11,364.38 7,293.66 11,795.03 8,747.09 GRAND TOTAL 59,359.01 53,989.27 65,798.38 58,718.94

16 Revised Estimates * Includes ` 1,393 crore for National Projects (NE Region) and ` 7 crore for Projects of National Importance (NR). It also includes ` 500 crore under EBR. ** Includes ` 4,449 crore for National Projects and Projects of National Importance and ` 1435 crore under EBR (PPP). @ Includes provision of ` 1,564 crore for National Projects (NE Region) and ` 100 crore under EBR. @@ Includes provision of ` 1,602 crore for National Projects and ` 100 crore under EBR (PPP). ! Includes ` 436 crore under EBR. !! Includes ` 166.08 crore under EBR (PPP). $ Includes ` 50 crore under EBR. $$ Includes ` 98.60 crore under EBR(PPP). > Includes provision for Udhampur Srinagar- Baramulla New Line. ^ Includes ` 14,502.30 crore under EBR. ^^ Includes ` 11,772.61 crore for Market Borrowing through IRFC. & Includes ` 230 crore under EBR. && Includes ` 988 crore under EBR(PPP). % Includes ` 1 crore under EBR. # Includes ` 3,423 crore under EBR. ## Includes ` 273 crore for Market Borrowing and ` 1,818 crore for EBR(PPP). < Includes ` 1,200 crore under EBR. << Includes ` 834.50 crore under EBR(PPP). † Includes ` 277 crore for EBR (PPP). f Includes ` 4 crore for EBR (PPP). £ Includes Bonds of `14,784.88 crore raised by IRFC. ££ Includes Bonds of ` 440.00 crore raised by RVNL. Actual Net Expenditure (2013-14) and (2014-15) # Includes National Projects. £ Includes Bonds raised by IRFC. ££ Includes Bonds raised by RVNL

Productivity: The following table shows the indices of growth of traffic output vis-à-vis input

Indices of Growth of Traffic Output and Inputs (1950-51=100) Year Traffic Output Indices Investment Input Indices Freight traffic Passenger traffic Wagon Passenger Route Running Tractive (NTKms) (Rev+ (Non- suburban capacity coaches Kms. track Kms effort of Non rev.) passenger kms.) locos 1950-51 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 1960-61 199 110 152 154 105 107 144 1970-71 289 159 226 188 112 121 178 1980-81 359 279 269 210 114 128 201 1990-91 550 394 278 219 116 133 192 2000-01 715 614 246 254 118 138 233 2009-10 1,363 1,288 299 332 119 147 322 2010-11 1,420 1,403 294 344 120 147 343 2012-13 1,475 1,512 325 367 122 150 390 2013-14 1,511 1,571 330 383 123 152 417 2014-15 1,547 1,660 346 395 123 153 434

17 ANALYSIS OF PLAN EXPENDITURE (PERCENTAGE)

ROLLING STOCK NEW LINES ANDCAPACITY WORKS OTHER WORKSINCL. INVENTORIES TRACK AND BRIDGES ELECTRIFICATION

1950 -90

1990 -92 EIGHTH PLAN 1992 -97

NINTH PLAN TENTH PLAN 1997 -02 2002 -07

ELEVENTH PLAN TWELFTH PLAN 2007-12 2012 – 15 (1ST, 2& ND 3 RD YEAR)

(EXCLUDES EXPENDITURE UNDER MTP, IRFC,RVNLAND WAGON INVESTMENT SCHEME)

18 Passenger Business

Indian Railways is a commonly used mode of public transportation in the country. During 2014-15, it carried 8,224 million passengers as against 8,397 million in 2013-14 which is 173 million passengers carried less than over last year. Passenger kilometres, which is calculated by multiplying the number of journeys by mean kilometric distance of each class was 1,147 billion, up by 0.61% from 1,140 billion in the previous year. Passenger earnings also increased by ` 5,657.35 crore (15.45%) in comparison with 2013-14 . The trend of passenger traffic since 1950-51 is shown below: Table I. Number of Passengers Originating

(in millions) Year Suburban Total Grand Non suburban (All Non- Total classes) Second Class suburban Upper Mail/ Ordinary Total class Exp.#

1950-51 412 25 52 795 847 872 1,284

1960-61 680 15 96 803 899 914 1,594

1970-71 1,219 16 155 1,041 1,196 1,212 2,431

1980-81 2,000 11 260 1,342 1,602 1,613 3,613

1990-91 2,259 19 357 1,223 1,580 1,599 3,858

2000-01 2,861 40 472 1,460 1,932 1,972 4,833

2010-11 4,061 100 1,046 2,444 3,490 3,590 7,651

2012-13 4,477 126 1,303 2,515 3,818 3,944 8,421

2013-14 4,552 126 1,306 2,413 3,719 3,845 8,397

2014-15 4,505 138 1,277 2,304 3,580 3,719 8,224

# Also includes Sleeper Class

19 Table II. Passenger Kilometres (in millions) Year Suburban Non suburban Total Non- Grand (All Second Class suburban Total classes) Upper Mail/ Ordinary Total Class Exp# 1950-51 6,551 3,790 12,537 43,639 56,176 59,966 66,517 1960-61 11,770 3,454 22,251 40,190 62,441 65,895 77,665 1970-71 22,984 4,394 37,856 52,886 90,742 95,136 118,120 1980-81 41,086 5,140 86,712 75,620 162,332 167,472 208,558 1990-91 59,578 8,712 138,054 89,300 227,354 236,066 295,644 2000-01 88,872 26,315 222,568 119,267 341,835 368,150 457,022 2010-11 137,127 62,203 500,631 278,547 779,178 841,381 978,508 2012-13 145,654 82,624 587,885 281,990 869,325 952,449 1,098,103 2013-14 150,259* 89,117 612,475 288,561 901,036 990,153 1,140,412* 2014-15 151,775 101,215 614,686 279,514 894,200 995,415 1,147,190 # Also includes Sleeper Class. * revised Table III. Average Lead (in kms.) Year Suburban Non suburban Total Grand (All Upper Second Class Non- Total classes) Class suburban Mail/ Ordinary Total Exp.# 1950-51 15.9 151.6 241.1 54.9 66.3 68.8 51.8 1960-61 17.3 203.3 232.4 50.0 69.5 72.1 48.7 1970-71 18.9 274.6 244.2 50.8 75.9 78.5 48.6 1980-81 20.5 484.0 333.3 56.4 101.3 103.9 57.7 1990-91 26.4 462.8 386.5 73.0 143.9 147.6 76.6 2000-01 31.1 659.3 471.3 81.7 176.9 186.7 94.6 2010-11 33.8 623.1 478.5 114.0 223.2 234.4 127.9 2012-13 32.5 657.4 451.1 112.1 227.8 241.5 130.4 2013-14 33.0* 706.0 469.1 119.6 242.3 257.5 135.8* 2014-15 33.7 731.9 481.6 121.3 249.7 267.7 139.5 #Also includes Sleeper Class. * revised

20 21 Table IV. Proportion to total traffic-No. of Passengers(Percentage) 1960-61 1970-71 1980-81 1990-91 2000-01 2010-11 2013-14 2014-15 Non-Suburban: Second Class 50.38 42.82 37.14 31.70 30.20 31.95 28.74 28.02 Ordinary Second Class 6.02 6.38 7.20 9.26 9.77 13.67 15.55 15.52 Mail/Express# Upper Class 0.94 0.66 0.30 0.49 0.83 1.30 1.50 1.68 Total 57.34 49.86 44.64 41.45 40.80 46.92 45.79 45.22 Suburban 42.66 50.14 55.36 58.55 59.20 53.08 54.21 54.78 (all classes) Grand Total 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 #Also includes Sleeper Class.

Table V. Proportion to total traffic –Passenger Kms. (Percentage) 1960-61 1970-71 1980-81 1990-91 2000-01 2010-11 2013-14 2014-15 Non-Suburban: Second Class 51.75 44.77 36.26 30.20 26.10 28.47 24.30 24.37 Ordinary Second Class 28.65 32.05 41.58 46.70 48.70 51.16 53.71 53.58 Mail/Express# Upper Class 4.45 3.72 2.46 2.95 5.75 6.36 7.81 8.82 Total 84.85 80.54 80.30 79.85 80.55 85.99 86.82 86.77 Suburban 15.15 19.46 19.70 20.15 19.45 14.01 13.18 13.23 (all classes) Grand Total 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 # Also includes Sleeper Class.

Table VI. Number of passenger trains run daily Type of trains Broad Gauge Metre Gauge Total (incl.NG) 2013-14 2014-15 2013-14 2014-15 2013-14 2014-15 EMU 4887 5009 0 0 4887 5009 Mail/Express 3213 3362 27 25 3240 3387 Ordinary Passenger 4143 4298 284 270 4563 4702 Trains and Mixed Trains Total 12243 12669 311 295 12690 13098

22 Table VII. Overall average speed including halts (Kms. /hr.) Type of trains Broad Gauge Metre Gauge 2013-14 2014-15 2013-14 2014-15 EMU 44.8 45.3 - - Mail/Express 50.4 50.8 28.6 28.7 Ordinary Passenger 36.1 36.1 26.0 25.4 Trains (incl. mixed) Note: All figures shown in the above tables (I-VII ) are including of Metro Railway, Kolkata. Passenger Revenue Passenger earnings in 2014-15 were ` 42,189.60 crore. This was ` 5,657.35 (15.45%) crore higher than the earnings in 2013-14. Suburban traffic contributed 5.91% to the total earnings. The remaining 94.09% came from non-suburban passengers. Earnings from Second and Sleeper Class Mail/Express passengers comprised 50.97% of the total passenger earnings. Passenger revenue in terms of earnings per passenger kilometre for different classes during 2013-14 and 2014-15 was as under: (in paise) Segment 2013-14 2014-15 Non-suburban: Upper class 118.14 126.25 Second Class-Mail/Express (incl. sleeper class) 30.65 34.98 Second Class-Ordinary 17.22 19.37 Non-suburban (all classes) 34.61 39.88 Suburban(all classes) 15.05 16.43 Overall average 32.03 36.78 Passenger revenue in different classes with corresponding number of passengers and Passenger Kms. in 2014-15 is given below: Segment No. of passengers Passenger kms. Revenue Million Percentage Million Percentage ` in cr. Percentage Non-suburban: Upper Class 138 1.68 101,215 8.82 12,778.77 30.29 Second Class 1,277 15.52 614,686 53.58 21,502.44 50.97 Mail/Express# Second Class 2,304 28.02 297,514 24.37 5,415.17 12.84 Ordinary Total 3,719 45.21 995,415 86.77 39,696.38 94.09 Suburban (all 4,505 54.79 151,775 13.23 2,493.22 5.91 classes) Grand Total 8,224 100.00 1,147,190 100.00 42,189.61 100.00 #Also includes Sleeper Class.

23 Passenger Services: Train kilometres and vehicle kilometres along with density of traffic for some selected year were: Year Suburban (EMU) Non-suburban Train kms. per running track km. per day Train Vehicle Train Vehicle Suburban Non- kms. kms. kms.+ kms.@ (EMU) suburban+ (Million) (Million) (Million) (Million) 1950-51 9.28 119.8 154 2,678 27.9 7.1 1960-61 14.05 196.8 190 3,594 28.7 8.2 1970-71 23.05 369.4 225 4,636 30.1 8.6 1980-81 35.55 601.5 258 5,582 36.6 9.7 1990-91 48.37 840.7 316 7,739 40.0 11.5 2000-01 56.04 1,029.5 397 11,035 47.1 13.8 2010-11 73.25 1,438.5 582 18,207 46.7 19.2 2012-13 78.53 1,740 626 20,595 42.7 20.4 2013-14 81.77 1,824 652 21,718 44.6 21.0 2014-15 85.81 1,942 674 22,860 45.8 21.6 @Includes Mainline EMUs, DEMUs, DHMUs and suburban services other than EMU but excluding Rail Cars/Bus and Departmental. + Excludes Departmental but includes Rail Cars/Bus, MEMU, DEMU and DHMU services.

Passenger Service Improvements: During the year 2014-15, Indian Railways introduced new trains extended the runs and increased the frequency of existing trains, as given below: Train introduced Runs extended Frequency Total increased Non- 232 (single) Incl. 59 (single) Incl. 22 trains (single) 313 suburban 40 MEMU/DEMU 16 MEMU/DEMU

Suburban 6 (single) 6 (single) – 12

Total 238 65 22 325 Ticketless Travel: During 2014-15, 23.19 lakh checks were conducted against ticketless/ irregular travel (including carriage of unbooked luggage). About 229.66 lakh cases were detected and ` 809.17 crore realized on this account. Passenger Amenities: The allocation under the Plan Head “Passenger Amenities” in 2014-15 was `1038.20 crore (Budget Estimate) and ` 1049.91 crore (Revised Estimate).

24 During the year 2014-15, 1,252 stations have far been identified for development under the Adarsh Stations Scheme upto 31.12.2015, out of which 962 stations have already been developed. During the year, 357 stations were provided with water coolers, 122 stations were electrified and 8 passenger lifts and 43 escalators were provided at 3 and 27 stations, respectively. Passenger Reservation System (PRS): Information Technology continued to be the focus area for improvement in passenger Services and efficiency in Train Operations. During 2014-15, following activities were undertaken: yy Expansion of Passenger Reservation System: During the year 2014-15, 55 new Computerised Reservation Offices were opened taking the total number of functional PRS locations to 3201. yy Computersed Unreserved Ticketing System: Computerised UTS counters were opened at 57 locations during 2014-15 taking the tally to 5,835 UTS locations. yy Next Generation E-ticketing System: E-ticketing website www.irctc.co.in was upgraded with launch of Next Generation E-ticketing System. The upgraded website can book 7,200 tickets per minute as against 2,000 tickets per minute earlier. The per minute online ticket booking capacity has further been increased to 12,900 tickets with addition of new servers.

LED light decoration by Eastern Railway at Howrah Station

25 yy Electronic Reservation of Wagon Demand: Electronic Reservation of Wagon Demand for freight traffic was launched during the year. It would help in customer convenience and greater transparency. yy Mobile Application for Train Enquiry: Mobile Application for Train Enquiry on Windows and Android platforms to provide train running position to passengers was launched during the year. yy Booking of Unreserved ticket from Mobile: Unreserved ticket booking on mobile phones was introduced at Mumbai and Chennai suburban sections during the year. yy Complaints and Suggestions Portal: An upgraded Complaints and Suggestions Portal coms.indianrailways.gov.in was launched during the year. A mobile application for Complaints and Suggestions was also launched. yy Paperless Offices on Indian Railways: Pilot project for Paperless Office was introduced in some Directorates at Railways Board. It will be further expanded in due course. yy Biometric Attendance System: Biometric Attendance System was introduced at Rail Bhawan. INDEX OF GROWTH OF INDEX OF GROWTH OF ORIGINATING PASSENGERS PASSENGER KILOMETRES

SUBURBAN NON-SUBURBAN SUBURBAN NON-SUBURBAN

1950-51=100 1950-51=100 3000 5000

2400 4000

1800 3000

1200 2000

600 1000

0 0 1950-51 70-7180-81 90-91-00-01 14 -15 1950-5170-71 80-8190-91 00-01 -14-15

26 yy E-ticketing Application for Visually challenged persons: E-ticketing application was modified to make it accessible to visually challenged persons. Railway Users’ Amenities: Railway Users’ Consultative Committees, at different levels, provide opportunities for formal consultations between the management and the rail users with a view to improve services for rail users. Zonal Railway Users’ Consultative Committees (ZRUCCs), Divisional Railway Users’ Consultative Committees (DRUCCs), Konkan Railway Users’ Consultative Committee (KRUCC), Metro Railway Users’ Consultative Committee (MRUCC), Suburban Railway Users’ Consultative Committee and Station Consultative Committees at important stations provide useful inputs to Railway administration. DRUCCs, were reconstituted for a two years term with effect from 01.08.2014 and ZRUCCs, KRUCC & MRUCC have been reconstituted for a two years term from 01.10.2015 to 30.09.2017. LHB Coach: Following the introduction of the first rake of indigenously designed LHB coach in December 2003, 21 Rajdhani and 20 Shatabdi Express trains with conventional ICF design coaches have been since converted to LHB design. Conversion of the remaining Rajdhani/Shatabdi rakes to LHB design is in progress. Cleanliness and Hygiene: yy Intensive mechanized cleaning of coaches: Intensive mechanized cleaning of coaches in the coaching depots through professional agencies is being carried out. Heavy duty machines such as high pressure jet cleaners, floor scrubbers, vacuum suction cleaners etc. are deployed for the purpose. This has already been implemented in 123 coaching depots on different Zonal Railways. yy Clean Train Stations scheme: To bring about improvement in enroute cleaning of trains, ‘Clean Train Stations’ Scheme was launched for mechanized cleaning attention to passing through trains during their halts at selected stations. 36 such Clean Train Stations have been made operational so far. yy On Board House Keeping Scheme (OBHS): On Board House Keeping Scheme (OBHS) has been prescribed in

27 all Rajdhani, Shatabdi, Duronto & other important long distance Mail/ Express trains for frequent cleaning of coach toilets, doorways, aisles & passenger compartments during the run of the trains. This scheme has been implemented on about 600 pairs of trains. The scheme is further planned to be expanded to cover all long distance Mail/Express trains excluding purely overnight trains. Provision of dustbins in Non-AC coaches: Dustbins are already being provided in AC coaches. To meet the objective of Mission ‘Swachh Bharat Abhiyan’ it has been decided by the Ministry of Railways to provide dustbins in Non-AC ICF design coaches as well. Accordingly, all newly manufactured coaches are now being provided with dustbins. Besides, retrofitment on existing coaches is also being undertaken in phased manner. Proliferation of Automatic Fire and Smoke Detection System in Coaches: With a view to improve fire safety in running trains, Automatic Fire and Smoke Detection System was provided on coaches of one rake of Train Nos. 22812 and 22824 New Delhi-Bhubaneswar Rajdhani Express as a pilot project. The system provides advance warning in case of any fire hazard in running train and thus enables the passengers to protect themselves from fire. Subsequently, two more rakes, one of New Delhi-Jammu Tawi Rajdhani and another of Kacheguda-Tirupati/Guntur AC Double Decker have been provided with this system. Based on the feedback, technical specification has been revised and air brake system has been interfaced with this system for stoppage of trains in emergency situations. 2,750 number of coaches have been further planned for provision of this system including 1000 number of Non-AC coaches. Provision of Braille signage in passenger coaches: Presently coaches are provided with signage, instructions, seat number etc which are mostly in the form of vinyl stickers/metallic plates and have no Braille characters. It has now been planned to provide signages incorporating the information in Braille form also for the aid of visually impaired passengers in all the coaches. ICF/Chennai has developed technical specification in consultation with Blind Associations for implementation in different types of coaches. Provision of Braille signage has been planned on newly manufactured coaches as well as retro fitment on existing coaches in a phased manner.

28 Provision of Double Acting Compartment Doors in air-conditioned coaches: For improving evacuation measures from AC compartments in case of fire emergencies, Board has recently advised PUs to develop AC compartment doors which can be opened from both sides (i.e. inside and outside). Presently AC compartment doors open only towards inside compartment. This was also one of the CRS recommendations in a Fire Accident case. It has been planned to make such provisions in all the coaches.

Setting up of mechanized laundries for washing of Linen: To improve upon the quality of washing of linen supplied to the passengers in trains, Indian Railways have identified 64 major coaching depots locations for setting up of mechanized laundries. 40 such laundries have been commissioned so far. Action is underway for commissioning laundries at other identified coaching depots.

Catering Services: A Catering Policy 2010 was issued on 21.07.2010 which has revised the role of agency for management of catering services on IR. IRCTC would continue to be a service provider to the IR and shall be responsible for managing the premium and high end outlets like Food Plazas, Food Courts and Fast Food Units including institutional catering outside the Railways.

During 2014-15, catering facilities were provided through:

Pairs of trains with pantry cars/mini pantries 338 Train side vending Units 625 Food Plaza/Fast Food units 188 Automatic Vending Machines 572 Jan Ahaar Units 46 Milk Stalls 704 Other static catering units 8639 Book Stalls 1007 Curio Stalls 391 Exclusive Chemist stalls 20

The sales turnover of departmental catering units during 2014-15 was ` 343.79 crore as against ` 365.87 crore in the previous year and the licence fee realized from the catering/vending contractors was ` 489.80 crore in 2014-15 as against ` 350.45 crore in 2013-14.

29 Mass Rapid Transit System for Metropolitan Cities: The various MRTS projects in different metropolitan cities have been summarized below in tabular form:-

S. Section Kms. Latest Year of Year of Sharing ratio No. cost (` in sanction completion crore) Kolkata : 1 Extension between Noapara- 10.87 595.89 2009-10 Not fixed# Railway Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Airport(6.40 km), Dum Dum-Noapara (2.54 km) and Noapara-Baranagar (1.93 km)** 2 Noapara-Barasat via 18.00 3159.59 2010-11 Not fixed# Railway Bimanbandar 3 Baranagar-Barrackpore & 14.50 2069.60 2010-11 Not fixed# Railway Dakshineshwar 4 NSCB Airport-New Garia 32.00 4259.50 2010-11 Not fixed# Railway via Rajarhat 5 Joka-Binay Badal Dinesh 18.72 2913.50 2010-11 Not fixed# Railway Bagh via Majerhat including Joka-Diamond Park Phase-I. 6 Circular Railway including 8.80 268.52 2010-11 Not fixed# Railway Extension from Remount Road to Santoshpur via Garden Reach (8.80 km). 7 East-West Metro corridor, 14.67 4874.58 2012-13 2019-20 74:26 (Rly.: Kolkata from Howrah - Salt MoUD) lake-Maidan Mumbai :

1 Belapur-Seawood-Uran 27.00 1803.17 1996-97 Not fixed# 1:2 (Rly. : CIDCO) 2 Mumbai Urban Transport 63.89 7611.00 2008-09 2019-20 1:1 (Railway Project (MUTP) Ph.-II & State Government)) 3 Running of 12 car trains on - 714.10 2012-13 2016-17 1:1 (Railway Harbour lines & State Government) Chennai : 1 Extension of MRTS Phase- 5.00 495.74 2006-07 Not fixed# 1:2 (Railway II from Velachery to St. & State Thomas Mount Government)) Hyderabad/Secunderabad: 1 Hyderabad/Secunderabad 101.05 816.55 2012-13 2017-18 1:2 (Railway Multi Model Transport & State System (MMTS) Phase-II Government)) **Dum Dum-Noapara has been completed on 10.07.2013. #Target not fixed due to non availability of land.

30 Freight Operation

Revenue earning freight traffic handled during 2014-15 was 1095.26 million tonnes. NTKMs earned during the year were 681.70 billion. Total loading and freight output, inclusive of non-revenue traffic, were 1101.09 million tonnes and 682.61 billion NTKMs respectively. Commodity-wise loading of revenue earning traffic was as follows: Tonnes carried* Absolute (Millions) Variation Percentage 2013-14 2014-15 over last to total year Coal i) for steel plants 50.01 53.91 3.90 4.92 ii) for washeries 1.65 0.99 -0.66 0.09 iii) for thermal power houses 335.38 367.29 31.91 33.53 iv) for other public users 121.02 123.62 2.60 11.29 Total 508.06 545.81 37.75 49.83 Raw material for steel 17.33 18.28 0.95 1.67 plants except iron ore Pig iron and finished steel i) from steel plants 27.81 28.25 0.44 2.58 ii) from other points 11.14 14.59 3.45 1.33 Total 38.95 42.84 3.89 3.91 Iron ore i) for export 6.56 2.49 -4.07 0.23 ii) for steel plants 66.83 69.43 2.60 6.34 iii) for other domestic users 50.88 40.85 -10.03 3.73 Total 124.27 112.77 -11.50 10.30 Cement 109.80 109.80 0.00 10.03 Foodgrains 55.10 55.47 0.37 5.06 Fertilizers 44.70 47.41 2.71 4.33 Mineral Oil (POL) 41.16 41.10 -0.06 3.75 Container service i) Domestic containers 10.91 10.50 -0.41 0.96 ii) EXIM containers 32.61 37.88 5.27 3.46 Total 43.52 48.38 4.86 4.42 Balance other goods 68.75 73.40 4.65 6.70 Total 1051.64 1095.26 43.62 100 * Excludes loading on Konkan Railway.

31 The following tables show the growth of freight traffic over the years: I. Revenue earning freight traffic (excl. KRCL)

Year Tonnes Index Net Tonne Index Lead Index (Millions) (1950-51 Kms (1950-51 (Kms) (1950-51 =100) (Millions) =100) =100) 1950-51 73.2 100.0 37,565 100.0 513 100.0 1960-61 119.8 163.7 72,333 192.6 603 117.6 1970-71 167.9 229.4 110,696 294.7 659 128.5 1980-81 195.9 267.6 147,652 393.1 754 147.0 1990-91 318.40 435.0 235,785 627.7 741 144.4 2000-01 473.50 646.9 312,371 831.5 660 128.7 2010-11 921.73 1,259.2 625,723 1,665.7 679 132.4 2012-13 1,008.09 1,377.2 649,645 1,729.4 644 125.5 2013-14 1,051.64 1,436.7 665,810 1,772.4 633 123.4 2014-15 1,095.26 1,496.3 681,696 1,814.7 622 121.2

II. Movement of bulk commodities in the last four years

Sl. Commodity 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 No. group Million Percent- Million Percent- Million Percent- Million Percent- Tonnes age Tonnes age Tonnes age Tonnes age 1. Coal 455.81 47.04 496.42 49.24 508.06 48.31 545.81 49.83 2. Foodgrains 46.40 4.79 49.03 4.86 55.10 5.24 55.47 5.06 3. Iron& Steel 35.15 3.63 35.31 3.50 38.95 3.70 42.84 3.91 4. Iron ore 104.70 10.80 111.4 11.05 124.27 11.82 112.77 10.30 5. Cement 107.66 11.11 105.87 10.50 109.80 10.44 109.80 10.03 6. POL (Mineral 39.77 4.10 40.61 4.03 41.16 3.91 41.10 3.75 oils) 7. Fertilizers 52.69 5.44 46.21 4.58 44.70 4.25 47.41 4.33 (Chemical Manures) 8. Limestone and 17.66 1.82 19.64 1.95 20.71 1.97 21.20 1.94 Dolomite 9. Stones (including 12.96 1.34 11.77 1.17 11.61 1.10 14.98 1.37 gypsum) other than marble 10. Salt 5.14 0.53 4.77 0.47 4.65 0.44 4.99 0.46 11. Sugar 4.56 0.47 2.95 0.29 3.00 0.29 2.69 0.25 Total 882.50 91.07 923.98 91.66 962.01 91.48 999.06 91.23 12. Commodities 86.55 8.93 84.11 8.34 89.63 8.52 96.20 8.77 other than above Grand Total 969.05 100.00 1008.09 100.00 1051.64 100.00 1,095.26 100.00

32 III. Freight Train Kilometres and Wagon Kilometres Year Freight Train Kms. Wagon kilometres@ (in terms of 4-wheelers) Total Per running Total Percentage (Million) track km per (Million) of loaded to day total 1950-51 112 5.2 4,370 70.7 1960-61 161 6.9 7,507 70.5 1970-71 202 7.7 10,999 69.7 1980-81 199 7.2 12,165 69.5 1990-91 245 8.5 19,230 65.5 2000-01 261 8.7 27,654 60.9 2010-11 368 11.6 17,749 66.5 2012-13 405 12.4 18,912 65.3 2013-14 419 12.8 19,546 65.1 2014-15 402 12.1 18,930 65.2 @ From 2010-11 onward figure in terms of 8 - wheelers

IV. Tonnes Originating, Net Tonne Kms. and Earnings from bulk commodities in 2014-15 S. Commodity group Tonnes Originating Net Tonne Earnings No. Kilometres In %age In %age ` in crore %age million to total Million to total to total 1 Coal 545.81 49.83 301,519 44.23 47,937.51 46.50 2 Foodgrains 55.47 5.06 66,982 9.83 8,138.33 7.89 3 Iron & steel 42.84 3.91 37,382 5.48 6,544.44 6.35 4 Iron ore 112.77 10.30 36,740 5.39 7,892.86 7.66 5 Cement 109.80 10.03 59,084 8.67 8,738.18 8.48 6 POL (Mineral oils) 41.10 3.75 27,222 3.99 5,515.66 5.35 7 Fertilizers Chemical 47.41 4.33 38,752 5.68 5,152.06 5.00 manures) 8 Limestone & 21.20 1.94 12,955 1.90 2,178.10 2.11 dolomite 9 Stones (incl.gypsum) 14.98 1.37 7,892 1.16 1217.18 1.18 other than marble 10 Salt 4.99 0.46 7,596 1.11 735.36 0.71 11 Sugar 2.69 0.25 5,083 0.75 508.28 0.49 Total 999.06 91.23 601,207 88.19 94,557.96 91.72 12 Commodities other 96.20 8.77 80,489 11.81 8,542.19 8.28 than above Grand Total 1,095.26 100.00 681,696 100.00 1,03,100.15 100.00

33 INDEX OF GROWTH OF FREIGHT AVERAGE LEAD OF FREIGHT (KMS.) (REVENUE TRAFFIC) (REVENUE TRAFFIC)

TONNE KILOMETRES TONNES ORIGINATING 1950-51=100 800 2000

640 1600

480 1200

320 800

400 160

0 0 1950-5170-71 80-8190-91 00-01 -14 -15 1970-7180-81 90-9100-01 13-14 14-15

SHARE OF BULK COMMODITIES IN FREIGHT TRAFFIC

TONNES EARNINGS

NON-BULK NON-BULK OTHER BULK GOODS OTHER BULK GOODS COAL COAL

PERCENTAGE PERCENTAGE

100 100

80 80

60 60

40 40

20 20

0 0 1970-7180-81 90-9100-01 13-1414-15 1970-7180-81 90-9100-01 13-1414-15

34 V. Some selected efficiency indices of freight operation during the last four years 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 Net tonne kilometres per wagon per day@ BG 9,261 8,453 8,547* 8,642 MG 632 907 1,271* 1,029 Wagon kilometres per BG 266 266 265* 266 wagon per day@ MG 33 48 47* 24 Net tonne kilometres per Diesel BG 15,889 15,933 15,574* 16,094 engine hour MG 2,161 2,390 3,453* 5,467 Electric BG 24,049 24,133 21,319* 20,404 Net tonne kilometres per Diesel BG 3,00,781 3,03,200 2,72,634* 2,60,364 engine day on line MG 25,012 2,40,88 31,183* 36,207 Electric BG 4,29,193 4,49,110 4,08,790* 3,40,703 @ From 2010-11 onward figure in terms of 8 - wheelers *revised

Goods special train passing through Doors, Northeast Frontier Railway

35 VI. Share of Tonnage, Earnings and Net Tonne Kms. of 30 selected commodities in 2014-15 (excl. KRCL) Tonnes Earnings Net Tonne Kms. Originating S Commodity group %age %age %age No In ` in in to to to thousand crore millions Total Total Total 1 Total coal 545814 49.83 47937.51 46.50 301519 44.23 2 Iron ore 112773 10.30 7892.86 7.66 36740 5.39 3 Cement 109795 10.02 8738.18 8.48 59084 8.67 4 Food grains 55474 5.06 8138.33 7.89 66982 9.83 5 Chemical manures 47410 4.33 5152.06 5.00 38752 5.68 6 Iron & steel 42843 3.91 6544.44 6.35 37382 5.48 7 Mineral oils 41095 3.75 5515.66 5.35 27222 3.99 8 Total exim container 37881 3.46 3169.06 3.07 32909 4.83 9 Limestone & dolomite 21199 1.94 2178.10 2.11 12955 1.90 10 Total domestic 10499 0.96 1164.16 1.13 14967 2.20 container 11 Stone other than 10209 0.93 628.83 0.61 4016 0.59 marble and gypsum 12 RMC carried in General 10083 0.92 528.61 0.51 2812 0.41 Service Wagons 13 Ores other than 7428 0.68 448.81 0.44 2503 0.37 manganese and iron 14 Salt 4993 0.46 735.36 0.71 7596 1.11 15 Gypsum 4769 0.44 588.35 0.57 3876 0.57 16 Non-ferrous metal 4366 0.40 389.18 0.38 2163 0.32 17 Sugar 2692 0.25 505.44 0.49 5083 0.75 18 Jute manufactured 2674 0.24 278.34 0.27 2106 0.31 19 Lime 2002 0.18 371.57 0.36 3022 0.44 20 Cement manufactured 1877 0.17 148.21 0.14 950 0.14 21 Edible oils 1832 0.17 208.99 0.20 2061 0.30 22 Tobacco country 1682 0.15 282.59 0.27 2372 0.35 unmanufactured 23 Fodder oil cake 1329 0.12 127.84 0.12 1208 0.18 24 Manganese ores 1279 0.12 121.03 0.12 716 0.11 25 Fruits & vegetable fresh 1214 0.11 128.32 0.12 1982 0.29 26 Wood unwrought 1085 0.10 62.75 0.06 791 0.12 (other than firewood) 27 Bamboos 878 0.08 43.56 0.04 666 0.10 28 Caustic soda 805 0.07 47.59 0.05 326 0.05 29 Soda ash 553 0.05 110.05 0.11 873 0.13 30 Opium & other narcotic 524 0.05 53.30 0.05 552 0.08 drugs

36 Freight Rates: During the year 2014-15, Freight rates have been rationalized as under:- 1. Freight rates for all commodities have been increased by 6.5% inclusive of Fuel Adjustment Component (FAC) of 1.4%. 2. Short lead concession in charging of freight for all traffic booked upto 100 kms. has been withdrawn. Minimum distance for charge increased from existing 100 kms. to 125 kms. 3. Lowest Class - LR4 has been abolished. Freight Marketing : Private Freight Terminals (PFT): To facilitate rapid development of a network of freight terminals with private investment to provide efficient and cost effective logistics services with warehousing solution to end users, a new scheme namely Private Freight Terminal (PFT) has been launched. The policy was issued on 31.05.2010 and the policy was further reviewed in 2012 and 2015. PFT can either be ‘green field facilities’ developed by Private parties on private land or ‘brown field’ facilities i.e. existing private sidings/container terminals on private land which can be converted to private freight terminals under the provisions of the scheme. The scheme will facilitate traffic handling at the terminals by private investors thereby increasing IR’s market share. So far, 71 proposals have been received out of which PFTs at 27 locations have been notified. In principle approval has been given by the Zonal Railways for PFT at 42 locations. Liberalized Wagon Investment Scheme (LWIS) : Policy regarding LWIS was issued on 15.04.2008 to allow investment in Special Purpose Wagons (SPW) and High Capacity Wagons (HCW) by end users (viz. producers, manufacturers and consumers of goods). With a view to make the scheme more liberal and customer-friendly, the Liberalized Wagon Investment Scheme (LWIS) was reviewed and policy guidelines have been issued on 02.01.2012. Under the scheme each rake procured by investor will have an associated loading and unloading point(s) over specific route(s) or close circuit(s) as approved by IR. Wagon Leasing Companies can also procure wagons under this scheme for leasing to end users. A freight concession of 15% will be granted for 20 years on each loading of SPW operating in approved close circuits. In case of HCW, a freight concession of 12% will be granted for 20 years on each loading and

37 an additional freight concession of 0.5% will be granted for each additional tonne of payload. So far, approval for procurement of 59 rakes by 15 firms, has been accorded by Ministry of Railways. 30 rakes are already plying in different circuits on IR. Wagon Leasing Scheme (WLS) : This scheme has been launched to introduce the concept of leasing of railway wagons on IR. The scheme aims at induction of rakes through PPP route with the private sector for High Capacity Wagons and Special Purpose Wagons and wagons for container movement. WLC can lease wagons under the Automobile Freight Train Operators Scheme, Liberalized Wagon Investment Scheme, Special Freight Train Operators Scheme and Container Train Operators. The policy has been issued on 15.04.2008. So far, two companies have been registered as Wagon Leasing Companies under the policy. Automobile Freight Train Operator Scheme (AFTO): With a view to increase IR’s market share in transportation of automobile i.e. two/three-wheelers, cars and tractors etc. by inviting private participation for procurement and operation of Special Purpose Wagons, a new scheme namely Automobile Freight Train Operator Scheme (AFTO) was issued on 19.07.2010. To make the scheme more liberal, the revised scheme has been issued on 22.02.2013. Two (2) firms have been registered as Automobile Freight Train Operators. The design for new type of automobile wagons (BCACBM) has been developed by RDSO. Trial run for these wagons has been done successfully. 7 Rakes of BCACBM wagon are plying over IR under the scheme. Special Freight Train Operator Scheme (SFTO) : To increase Rail share in the commodities like fertilizers, molasses, edible oil, caustic soda, chemicals, petrochemicals, alumina, bulk cement and fly ash etc., where rail co-efficient is traditionally very low, a new scheme namely Special Freight Train Operator Scheme (SFTO) has been launched on 31.05.2010 to attract private investment in special purpose wagons required for transportation of these commodities. To make the scheme more attractive a revised scheme was issued on 24.06.2013. Approval for procurement of 3 rakes have been given under the scheme.

38 Claims: IR paid ` 6.65 crore as claim compensation in the year 2014-15 as compared to ` 2.33 crore paid in 2013-14. The trend of claims settlement in the preceding five years is given below:

Year No. of claims No. of claims Gross amount of received paid compensation paid ( ` in crore) 2010-11 21,403 4,406 9.71 2011-12 23,587 4,217 5.75 2012-13 18,715 3,305 26.14 2013-14 18,133 2,927 2.33 2014-15 15,450 2,560 6.65

39 Asset Utilisation

Some of the major efficiency indicators of IR’s operational performance over the years is given in the following tables: A. Engine kilometres per day per engine in use (i) Goods

Year Broad Gauge Metre Gauge Steam Diesel Electric Steam Diesel Electric 1950-51 150 - 191 140 - 98 1960-61 155 300 156 140 273 171 1970-71 121 347 316 133 280 245 1980-81 89 303 274 107 276 206 1990-91 52 445 398 88 399 224 2000-01 - 398 450 18 345 203 2010-11 - 384 478 - 102 - 2012-13 - 432 464 - 121 - 2013-14 - 429 473 - 129 - 2014-15 - 383 405 - 370 - (ii) Passenger

Year Broad Gauge Metre Gauge Steam Diesel Electric Steam Diesel Electric 1950-51 249 - 397 211 - 130 1960-61 274 250 363 220 274 177 1970-71 250 669 437 228 383 376 1980-81 210 610 453 199 541 405 1990-91 189 673 482 185 569 382 2000-01 - 577 542 36 447 385 2010-11 - 594 671 34 390 - 2012-13 - 641 687 30 371 - 2013-14 - 615* 697 30* 377* - 2014-15 - 614 713 29 361 - Note: In view of the change in method of compilation of diesel and electric loco usage since 1981-82, the figures of earlier years are not strictly comparable.

40 B. GTKMs. (excluding weight of engine and departmental traffic) per kg. of tractive effort:

Year Broad Gauge Metre Gauge 1950-51 1,525 1,191 1960-61 1,864 1,444 1970-71 2,147 1,714 1980-81 2,372 1,708 1990-91 3,873 2,263 2000-01 4,498 1,628 2010-11 5,286 1,271 2012-13 4,912 1,272 2013-14 4,738 1,279 2014-15 4,642 1,337 C. Density: The density of traffic in terms of NTKms, PKMs. and GTKMs per route km. and per running track km. are given in the following two tables. (Millions) Year Net Tonne Kms. Passenger Kms. Gross Tonne Kms. Per Route Km. Per Route Km. Per Route Km. B.G. M.G. B.G. M.G. B.G. M.G 1950-51 1.50 0.25 1.77 0.85 5.24 1.20 1960-61 2.76 0.54 2.03 0.89 8.32 2.18 1970-71 3.61 0.81 2.88 1.25 10.38 2.87 1980-81 4.34 0.80 5.15 1.72 12.55 2.76 1990-91 6.30 0.97 7.12 1.97 18.13 3.17 2000-01 6.96 0.24 9.49 2.08 21.95 1.79 2010-11 11.35 0.09 17.36 2.91 31.88 1.37 2012-13 11.38 0.07 18.10 2.87 32.73 1.33 2013-14 11.45 0.11 19.31* 3.04 33.41 1.48 2014-15 11.60 0.10 19.24 2.98 33.76 1.31 *revised (Millions) Year NTKMs Per Running Passenger Kms. Per Gross Tonne Kms. Per Track Km. Running Track Km. Running Track Km. B.G. M.G. B.G. M.G. B.G. M.G. 1950-51 1.23 0.24 1.45 0.85 4.29 1.19 1960-61 2.19 0.54 1.61 0.87 6.59 2.15 1970-71 2.60 0.79 2.07 1.22 7.49 2.87 1980-81 3.06 0.76 3.63 1.64 8.84 2.63 1990-91 4.41 0.92 4.98 1.87 12.67 3.01 2000-01 4.93 0.24 6.73 2.03 15.55 1.75 2010-11 8.08 0.09 12.37 2.75 22.72 1.29 2012-13 7.90 0.07 12.67 2.68 22.72 1.25 2013-14 8.13 0.10 13.71* 2.84 23.73 1.38 2014-15 8.19 0.09 13.59 2.79 23.85 1.23 *revised

41 D. Coach Utilisation: In 2014-15 the vehicle Kms. per vehicle day was 581 on BG and 89 on MG.

Year Vehicle Kms. Per Vehicle Day BG MG 1950-51 264 204 1960-61 252 177 1970-71 282 191 1980-81 314 186 1990-91 408 254 2000-01 461 269 2010-11 529 203 2012-13 558 191 2013-14 565* 181* 2014-15 581 89 *revised E. Average freight train load: The average net load per train in 2014-15 was 1,703 tonnes on BG and 902 tonnes on MG. The average gross load per train was 2,827 tonnes on BG and 1,217 tonnes on MG.

Average Train Load (tonnes) Year Net Load Gross load (including weight of engine) B.G. M.G. B.G. M.G. 1950-51 489 185 1,068 435 1960-61 656 298 1,354 648 1970-71 737 378 1,507 753 1980-81 884 487 1,721 871 1990-91 1,079 562 2,122 962 2000-01 1,233 414 2,533 806 2010-11 1,702 488 3,063 902 2012-13 1,732 455 3,095 887 2013-14 1,592* 565 2,702* 863* 2014-15 1,703 902 2,827 1,217 *revised F. Average freight train speed (Kms./hour): Traction-wise and gauge-wise average speed of goods trains over the

42 years is indicated in the following table:

Year Broad Gauge Metre Gauge Diesel Electric All traction All traction 1950-51 - 20.8 17.4 15.0 1960-61 22.2 19.5 16.1 13.7 1970-71 22.9 25.2 17.9 14.7 1980-81 21.3 22.8 19.7 15.1 1990-91 22.6 23.1 22.7 17.6 2000-01 22.4 25.4 24.1 19.6 2010-11 23.5 27.0 25.6 14.7 2012-13 23.8 26.5 25.5 14.0 2013-14 24.4 26.9 25.9 14.5 2014-15 23.3 24.8 24.2 16.4 G. Net tonne Kms. per engine hour and per goods train hour: During 2014-15, NTKMs per engine hour stood at 18,586 for BG and 5,467 for MG. NTKMs per goods train hour for BG and MG were 40,364 and 12,603 respectively.

NTKMS PER ANNUM PER ROUTE KM.

B.G. M.G.

THOUSANDS 12,500

10,000

7,500

5,000

2,500

0 1970-71 1980-81 1990-91 2000-01 2013-14 2014-15

43 The table below shows the unit output measured by these indices in selected years: Year Net tonne Kms. per engine hour Net tonne Kms. per goods train hour

B.G. M.G. B.G. M.G. 1950-51 3,283 1,238 8,590 2,884 1960-61 4,170 1,766 10,808 4,232 1970-71 4,904 2,525 13,492 5,824 1980-81 6,295 3,345 17,677 7,562 1990-91 10,393 5,027 24,787 10,551 2000-01 12,850 3,773 29,752 8,539 2010-11 20,805 2,407 43,905 5,523 2012-13 19,468 2,386 41,112 5,585 2013-14 18,804* 3,453* 40,805* 7,937 2014-15 18,586 5,467 40,364 12,603 *revised

H. Wagon Utilisation: On an average, a wagon moved 265.9 kms. per day on BG 24.2 kms. on MG in 2014-15. NTKMs per wagon per day on BG was 8,642 NTKms per annum per tonne of wagon capacity on BG and MG were 52,155 and 10,994 respectively. These indices of wagon utilization are given below:

Year Net tonne kms. per Wagon kms. per Net tonne kms. per tonne of wagon wagon per day wagon per day capacity per annum B.G. M.G. B.G. M.G. B.G. M.G. 1950-51 11,833 9,021 62.3 50.2 710 304 1960-61 16,558 10,125 76.9 51.6 998 405 1970-71 15,117 12,583 73.4 58.4 908 524 1980-81 16,285 11,013 73.4 47.3 986 522 1990-91 23,418 18,629 110.5 69.7 1,407 810 2000-01 33,289 7,981 179.0 43.8 2,042 394 2010-11 + 57,953 7,300 262.1 31.6 9,247 663 2012-13 + 51,898 9,899 265.5 47.9 8,453 905 2013-14 52,256* 13,891* 264.6* 47.3 8,547* 1,271* 2014-15 52,155 10,994 265.9 24.2 8,642 1,029 (+) in terms of 8 wheelers * revised

44 NET TONNE KILOMETRES NET TONNE KILOMETRES PER WAGON PER DAY PER ANNUM PER TONNE OF WAGON CAPACITY

B.G. B.G.

M.G. M.G. THOUSANDS 10000 60.00 8642* 52.26* 52.16* 8547*

8000 48.00

33.29 6000 36.00

23.42 4000 24.00 16.28 18.63 15.12

2042 13.89* 12.58 2000 1407 12.00 986 1271* 11.01 908 1029* 10.99* 810 7.98 524 522

394 0 0 1970-7180-81 90-9100-01 13-1414-15 1970-7180-81 90-9100-01 13-1414-15 * In terms of eight wheelers * In terms of eight wheelers TRAIN KILOMETRES PER TRAIN KILOMETRES PER RUNNING TRACK KM EMPLOYEE

B.G.

M.G. THOUSANDS 15.0 13.8 13.7 1000 926 940 13.0 13.1 908 12.6 879 822

12.0 800

9.0 600

6.0 400

2.8 2.7 2.6 2.7 3.0 2.3 200

0 0 2010-1111-12 12-1313-14 14-15 2010-1111-12 12-1313-14 14-15

45 I. Wagon turn-round (in days): The turn-round time of wagons, representing operational cycle time is given in the following table:

Year B.G. M.G. 1950-51 11.0 N.A. 1960-61 11.2 7.2 1970-71 13.3 10.1 1980-81 15.2 15.3 1990-91 11.5 13.3 2000-01 7.5 12.9 2010-11 4.97 N.A. 2012-13 5.18 N.A. 2013-14 5.13 N.A. 2014-15 4.98 N.A.

46 Safety

There were 131 consequential train accidents in 2014-15 as compared to 117 in 2013-14. Train accidents per million train kilometres, an important index of safety, is 0.10 in 2013-14 and 0.11 in 2014-15. Comparative position of train accidents during last five years is as under:

Year Colli- Derail- Level Fire in Misc. Total* Train sions ments Crossing trains accidents accidents per Accidents million train Kms. 2010-11 05 78 53 02 01 139 0.14 2011-12 09 55 61 04 02 131 0.12 2012-13 06 48 58 08 - 120 0.11 2013-14 04 52 51 07 03 117 0.10 2014-15 05 60 56 06 04 131 0.11 *excludes Konkan Railway. Casualties and Compensation: The number of passengers injured or killed in train accidents and compensation paid in the last five years are given below:-

Year No. of passengers Casualties Compensation ` Killed Injured per million* paid# ( in Passengers Lakhs) carried 2010-11 235 358 0.08 585.79 2011-12 100 586 0.08 498.00 2012-13 60 248 0.04 319.63 2013-14 42 94 0.02 149.22 2014-15 118 324 0.05 127.00 * excludes Konkan Railway. # Compensation paid during a year relates to the cases settled and not to accidents/ casualties during that year. Causes of Train Accidents: Out of 131 train accidents which occurred on IR during 2014-15, 115 (87.79%) were due to human failure, including 58 (44.27%) due to the

47 failure of railway staff and 57 (43.51%) due to failure of other than railway staff. Most of the accidents due to failure of other than railway staff have occurred at unmanned level crossings where the liability is primarily that of road users. 3 (2.29%) accidents were caused due to ‘equipment failure’, 2 (1.53%) due to sabotage, 8 (6.11%) on account of incidental factors and causes of 2 (1.53%) accidents could not be established and 1(0.76%) accident is under investigation. Damage to Railway Property: The cost of damage to railway property and duration of interruption to through communication due to consequential train accidents during 2013- 14 and 2014-15 are as under:

Year Cost of damage Interruption to through Rolling stock Permanent communication Inclusive of engines way (Hours) (` in lakh) (` in lakh) 2013-14 2,003.29 1,798.61 745.38 2014-15 6313.06 894.45 946.27 Note: The above figures exclude Konkan Railway. Measures to improve safety: General: Safety Action Plans were continually executed to reduce accidents caused by human errors. A multi-pronged approach with focus on introduction of newer technologies, mechanization of maintenance, early detection of flaws,

Inspection of Delong-Puri Double line Section East Coast Railway

48 etc. to reduce human dependence in the first place, alongwith upgrading the skills of the human resources were the prime drivers for accident prevention. Periodical safety audits of different Divisions by multi-disciplinary teams of Zonal Railways as well as inter-railway safety audits were conducted on regular basis. During 2014-15, 81 internal safety audits and 31 Inter-Railway Safety inspections were carried out. Training facilities for drivers, guards and staff connected with train operation have been upgraded. Disaster Management Modules have also been upgraded. During 2014-15, 90,524 safety category employees attended refresher training. yy Advanced Signalling System: To increase Efficiency and to enhance Safety in train operations, Advanced Signalling System with Panel Route Relay/Electronic Interlocking (PI/RRI/EI) along with Multi Aspect Colour Light Signals have been progressively provided at 5,317 stations i.e. about 85% of Broad Gauge stations of Indian Railways, replacing outdated Multi Cabin Mechanical Signalling system involving a large number of human interfaces. Route Relay Interlocking/Electronic Interlocking at 8 major stations namely Barddheman, Firozpur, Jakhal, Tambaram, Nagda, Gomoh, Agra Cantt & Chheoki have been provided during the year 2014-15. yy Technological aids of Automatic Train Protection System to drivers (loco pilots): in order to avoid collisions due to Signal Passing at Danger (SPAD) or over speeding have been put on trial on Indian Railways. These technological aids are briefly enumerated below: yy Train Protection and Warning System (TPWS): TPWS prevents train accidents caused by human error like Signal Passing At Danger (SPAD) and Over Speeding. Pilot project of TPWS (ETCS Level-1) (European Train Control System) has been commissioned on 50 Rkms suburban section of Southern Railway. Commercial trials of pilot project on 200 Rkms of Northern / North Central Railway have been conducted with 35 locomotives on nominated trains. During 2014-15, TPWS system has also been introduced in commercial service on all the rakes on Dum Dum- Kavi Shubhash section of Kolkata Metro (25 kms). Work for provision of TPWS on Basin Bridge-Arakonam Section (67 Rkms) of Southern Railway is in progress. TPWS has been approved for 3,300 Rkms Automatic Signalling Sections on IR network. Keeping pace with increasing train density and speeds, this area of safety needs to be given high priority.

49 It has recently been decided by Board that in first phase the implementation of TPWS sanctioned works on 1,244 Rkms of Automatic Signalling Section, where EMUs ply, shall be taken up by Zonal Railways and onboard equipments shall be provided only on EMUs rakes. Accordingly, concerned Zonal Railways have been advised to take up the execution of these works. yy Train Collision Avoidance System (TCAS): TCAS has dual capability of preventing train accidents caused due to Signal Passing at Danger (SPAD) or non observance of speed restrictions by train drivers as well as preventing train collisions. Development of TCAS is being carried out as an indigenous, multi-vendor, interoperable cost-effective system by RDSO, subsequent to Proof of concept field trials of the prototype TCAS equipment developed by RDSO in association with an Indian Vendor. Extended field trials with multi-vendor, interoperability features are in progress by RDSO on Lingamapalli-Vikarabad-Wadi-Bidar section, South Central Railway (250 kms.). Initial field trials of TCAS on a limited section have established the functioning of various train protection scenarios including multi-supplier inter-operability. Extended field trials on 250 kms. section with 40 locomotives are planned during 2015-16. yy Complete Track Circuiting has been done upto 99.8% on A, B and C routes. Fouling Mark to Fouling Mark track circuiting on ‘A’, ‘B’, ‘C’, ‘D Special’ and ‘E Special’ routes, where permissible speed is more than 75 kilometres per hour has been completed. yy Block Proving Axle Counter (BPAC): To enhance safety, automatic verification of complete arrival of train, Block Proving Axle Counter (BPAC) is being provided at stations having centralized operation of points and signals. BPAC has been commissioned in 4,585 Block Sections upto 31.03.2015. yy Automatic Block Signalling: For augmenting Line Capacity and to reduce headway on existing High Density Routes on Indian Railways, Signalling provides a low cost option by provision of Automatic Block Signalling. As on 31.03.2015, Automatic Block Signalling has been provided on 2,715 Route kms. yy Train Management System (TMS): TMS helps in real-time monitoring of trains in the control room. The arrival status of local trains is displayed on indicators installed on platforms in the form of a countdown (in minutes) to the train’s arrival on the platform accompanied by automatic announcements on platforms. yy Accidents at Level Crossings have been a major area of concern.

50 Indian Railways have provided interlocking with Signals at more than 10,000 Level Crossing gates to enhance the safety at Level Crossings. Initiative has been taken to interlock Level Crossing gate with Train Vehicle Units of 20,000 and above. Measures to Reduce Derailments: yy Upgradation of Track Structure consisting of Pre-Stressed Concrete (PSC) sleepers, 52 Kg/ 60 Kg high strength (90 Kg/ mm2 ultimate tensile strength) rails on concrete sleepers, fanshaped layout on PSC sleepers, Steel Channel Sleepers on girder bridges has been adopted on most of the routes. yy Standardization of track structure with 60 Kg Rails and PSC Sleepers: Track structure is being standardized with 60 kg rails and PSC sleepers on all the Broad Gauge routes, especially on high density routes to reduce fatigue of rails under higher axle-load traffic. New track construction and replacement of over-aged tracks is being done by PSC sleepers only. yy Long Welded Rails: To improve maintenance and reliability of assets, efforts to eliminate fish-plated joints by welding single rails into long welded rails were continued. During relaying/ construction of new lines/ gauge conversion, long welded rails are laid on concrete sleepers. Long rail panels of 260 Metres / 130 Metres length are being manufactured at the steel plants to minimize number of welded joints. Turnouts are also being improved systematically. yy Flash Butt Welding: There is progressive shifting to Flash Butt Welding which is superior in quality as compared to Alumino Thermic (AT) welding. yy Ultrasonic testing of Rails and Welds: All rails and welds are ultrasonically tested as per laid down periodicity. To improve quality of testing, it is planned to replace existing analogue type USFD testing machines with digital type USFD testing machines which are capable of data logging, saving and transferring scan to computers. yy Tie tamping and Ballast cleaning Machines: There has been progressive use of Tie tamping and ballast cleaning machines for track maintenance. Also, sophisticated Track Recording Cars, Oscillograph Cars and Portable Accelerometers are being used progressively. yy Rail Grinding Machines: Two Rail Grinding Machines are working on high density routes of Indian Railways for enhanced reliability of Rails.

51 yy Electronic monitoring of track geometry: is carried out to detect defects and plan maintenance. yy Modern Bridge Inspection and Management System: Modern bridge inspection and management system has been adopted, which includes non-destructive testing techniques, under water inspections, intelligent water level monitoring system, mapping unknown foundations and integrity testing, etc. yy Patrolling of Railway Tracks: During adverse weather conditions patrolling of railway tracks including night patrolling is carried out at vulnerable locations regularly. yy Centre Buffer Coupler: Progressive fitment of tight lock Centre Buffer Coupler (CBC) in lieu of screw coupling on new manufacturing of ICF design coaches has been carried out with a view to prevent the coaches from climbing over each other in unfortunate event of an accident. So far, 2,900 LHB coaches, 425 Hybrid Stainless Steel Coaches and 1,340 Conventional ICF Design Coaches have been manufactured with Centre Buffer Couplers. Design of CBC has been upgraded to mitigate problem of jerks during acceleration/deceleration of trains. yy Crashworthy Features of Passenger Coaches: To improve upon the standards of safety, a “crashworthy” ICF design coach, in conjunction with a Centre Buffer Coupler (CBC), was evolved. Such a design enables absorption of significant amount of energy during the impact/collision. About 530 such crashworthy ICF design coaches have been manufactured so far. LHB AC Double Decker coaches introduced first time on Indian Railways have also been provided with enhanced crashworthy features. On similar lines, principal design for a crashworthy LHB coach shell has been manufactured and crash test for design validation on this coach has been completed at RDSO. Enhancing crashworthiness of coaches, therefore, remains continuous endeavour of Indian Railways which minimizes injury/loss of life in the event of collision when compared with ICF design conventional coaches. yy Progressive use of Air Springs: For enhancing safety and reliability of passenger coaches, the suspension systems are being redesigned with air springs at secondary stage capable to maintain constant height at variable loads. Air springs have been developed and are being fitted on all the newly built EMU & DMU coaches for sub-urban trains. Air springs have now been developed for mainline coaches as well and have been fitted in limited number of coaches. Trials have been planned on use of LHB type second class coaches which are subjected to higher payloads in service. Measures to curb Accidents at unmanned Level Crossings: Various measures taken by Indian Railways to prevent accidents at Level Crossings, are as under:

52 yy Containing the proliferation of Level Crossings (LCs) at source: A policy decision has been taken not to permit any new LC either on existing line or any new line/ gauge conversion to be commissioned henceforth. However, in exceptional cases, retention of unmanned LCs on new line or gauge conversion can be permitted with the approval of Railway Board. yy Ministry of Railways have decided to progressively eliminate all unmanned Level Crossings by: (i) Closure – Closing unmanned Level Crossings having NIL/ Negligible Train Vehicle Unit (TVU). (ii) Merger – Merger of unmanned Level Crossing gate to nearby manned or unmanned gates or subway or Road Under Bridge (RUB) or Road Over Bridge (ROB) by construction of diversion road. (iii) Provision of Subways/ RUB (iv) Manning - The unmanned Level Crossings which cannot be eliminated by above means, will be progressively manned based on rail- road traffic volume, visibility conditions. yy Publicity Campaign: Since most of the unmanned Level Crossing accidents are caused due to negligence of road vehicle users, publicity campaigns are periodically launched through different media like quickies on television, cinema slides, SMSs, posters, radio, newspapers, street plays, etc. yy Joint ambush checks with civil authorities are conducted to nab erring road vehicle drivers under the provisions of Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 and Indian Railways Act, 1989. Measures Taken to Prevent Fire in Trains: yy Use of Fire Retardant Furnishing Material - Indian Railways have always endeavoured to enhance fire worthiness of coaches by using fire retardant furnishing materials to mitigate the effect of fire such as fire retardant curtains, partition paneling, roof ceiling, flooring, seat and berths along with cushioning material and seat covers, Windows and UIC Vestibules etc. Specifications for such furnishing materials have been periodically reviewed to incorporate fire retardant parameters in line with UIC and other international norms. All new manufacture of coaches/periodical overhauling of existing coaches is being carried out with fire retardant specifications of the furnishing materials wherever condition based replacements are warranted.

53 yy Introduction of Automatic Fire and Smoke Detection System: A pilot project for field trial with Automatic Fire and Smoke Detection system has been taken up in one rake of New Delhi-Bhubaneswar Rajdhani Express. Besides, one LHB (Linke Hofmann Busch) rake in New Delhi – Jammu Tawi Rajdhani and one rake of LHB AC Double Decker coaches running between Kachiguda – Tirupati/Guntakal of South Central Railway have been provided with such a system. Extended field trials on representative population of coaches are planned to be conducted further with revised specification. In the revised specification, Air brake system has been interfaced with Fire and Smoke Detection System for stoppage of trains in emergency situation due to fire. yy Provision of Fire Extinguishers: Dry chemical powder type fire extinguishers are being provided in all mainline trains. These are portable fire extinguishers and are easy to use by on board staff or passengers in case of emergency. Fire extinguishers are being provided in all air- conditioned coaches, Second class – cum – guard and luggage van, pantry cars and train locomotives. yy Inspection of Electrical & LPG Fittings in Pantry Cars: Detailed instructions have been issued to Zonal Railways for observance of safe practices in handling of pantry cars and for ensuring periodical inspection of electrical and LPG fittings in the pantry cars. yy Publicity Campaigns: Intensive publicity campaigns to prevent the travelling public from carrying inflammable goods are regularly undertaken. Administrative Measures: yy Safety performance is invariably reviewed as a first item on agenda of Board Meeting at the apex level. All accidents are analyzed in detail so that remedial measures can be initiated. yy Chairman and Board Members have conducted Safety Review meetings with General Managers and PHODs of Zonal Railways during their visits. yy Intensive footplate inspections including night inspections have been conducted at the level of SAG and Branch officers and supervisors in the field. yy Safety drives have been launched from time to time, covering the lessons learnt from recent train accidents so as to prevent similar accidents in future.

54 The Network

Indian Railways (IR) is one of the world’s largest rail network with 66,030 route kilometres of route lengths. The size of the network - gauge-wise and zone-wise as on 31 March, 2015 is as follows:

Gauge Route Kms. Running Total Track Track Kms. Kms. Broad Gauge (1676 mm) 58,825 83,266 1,09,535 Metre Gauge (1000 mm) 4,908 5,240 5,929 Narrow Gauge (762 mm and 610 mm) 2,297 2,297 2,532 Total 66,030 90,803 1,17,996

Zones /Headquarters Route Running Total Track Kms. Track Kms. Kms. Central, Mumbai 4,042 6,195 8,444 Eastern, Kolkata 2,666 4,705 7,376 East Central, Hajipur 3,791 5,495 8,048 East Coast, Bhubaneshwar 2,679 3,872 5,294 Northern, New Delhi 7,221 9,365 12,771 North Central, Allahabad 3,216 4,820 5,935 North Eastern, Gorakhpur 3,869 4,744 5,169 Northeast Frontier, Maligaon, (Guwahati) 3,996 4,386 5,972 North Western, Jaipur 5,554 6,944 7,354 Southern, Chennai 5,079 6,950 8,533 South Central, Secunderabad 5,922 8,085 9,971 South Eastern, Kolkata 2,722 5,034 6,789 South East Central, Bilaspur 2,489 3,613 4,999 South Western, Hubli 3,322 3,849 4,816 Western, Mumbai 6,440 7,919 10,225 West Central, Jabalpur 2,995 4,769 6,205 Metro Railway, Kolkata 27 58 95 Total 66,030 90,803 1,17,996

55 The table below shows the changing size of IR’s electrified rail network over the years.

Year Route Kms. Running Track Kms. Total Track Kms.# Electrified Total Electrified Total Electrified Total 1950-51 388 53,596 937 59,315 1,253 77,609 1960-61 748 56,247 1,752 63,602 2,259 83,706 1970-71 3,706 59,790 7,447 71,669 9,586 98,546 1980-81 5,345 61,240 10,474 75,860 13,448 1,04,480 1990-91 9,968 62,367 18,954 78,607 25,305 1,08,858 2000-01 14,856 63,028 27,937 81,865 36,950 1,08,706 2010-11 19,607 64,460 36,007 87,114 49,489 1,13,993 2012-13 20,884 65,436 38,524 89,236 52,609 1,16,350 2013-14 21,614 65,808 39,661 89,919 53,509 1,16,765 2014-15 22,224 66,030 41,038 90,803 55,266 1,17,996 # Includes track in yards, sidings, crossings at stations, etc. State-wise Route Kms/ Running Track Kms. /Total Track Kms.: Following table shows Route Kms., Running Track Kms. & Total Track Kms. of railway lines across various States/Union Territories at the end of 2014-15. State/Union Territory Route Running Track Total Track Kms. Kms. Kms. Andhra Pradesh 3,657 5,501 7,033 Arunachal Pradesh 12 12 23 Assam 2,471 2,583 3,540 Bihar 3,652 5,035 6,732 Chhatisgarh 1,196 1,860 2,646 Delhi 183 339 699 Goa 69 69 98 Gujarat 5,259 6,043 7,701 Haryana 1,630 2,368 3,001 Himachal Pradesh 296 301 358 Jammu & Kashmir 298 361 485 Jharkhand 2,294 3,733 5,816 Karnataka 3,281 3,984 5,028 Kerala 1,050 1,684 2,009 Madhya Pradesh 4,979 7,390 9,208 Maharashtra 5,725 8,113 10,988 Manipur 1 1 3 Meghalaya 9 9 13

56 State/Union Territory Route Running Track Total Track Kms. Kms. Kms. Mizoram 2 1 5 Nagaland 13 13 24 Odisha 2,529 3,784 4,941 Punjab 2,269 2,669 3,510 Rajasthan 5,898 7,556 8,499 Tamil Nadu 4,027 5,148 6,369 Telangana 1,676 2,355 2,969 Tripura 151 151 193 Uttarakhand 345 406 518 Uttar Pradesh 8,950 12,174 15,029 West Bengal 4,070 7,122 10,466 Union Territory Chandigarh 16 16 66 Pondicherry 22 22 26 Total 66,030 90,803 1,17,996 Note: The remaining States/Union Territories have no railway line.

With its more than 150 year old history, IR is a state-owned public utility of the Government of India under the Ministry of Railways. As a national common carrier transporting passenger and goods over its vast network, Indian Railways has always played a key role in India’s social and economic development. It is a cheap and affordable means of transportation for millions of passengers. As a carrier of bulk freight viz. ores and minerals, iron and steel, cement, mineral oils, food grains and fertilizers, containerized cargo etc., the importance of Indian Railways for agriculture, industry and the common man is well recognized. Indian Railways carried 22.53 million passengers and 3.02 million tonnes of freight each day during 2014-15. IR, functioning as Ministry of Railways, is headed by the Minister for Railways. The apex body entrusted with the management of this mega enterprise is led by the Chairman, Railway Board (CRB). Members of the Railway Board include Financial Commissioner, Member Traffic, Member Engineering, Member Mechanical, Member Electrical and Member Staff who represent their respective functional domains. For administrative purposes, IR is divided into 17 Zones, each headed by a General Manager. Zonal Railways are further divided into smaller operating units called Divisions. There are 68 Operating Divisions in IR at present, each under a Divisional Railway Manager. In addition, there are a number of Production Units, Training Establishments, Public Sector Enterprises and other Offices working under the control of Railway Board.

57 Track and Bridges

As on 31.3.2015, the Indian Railways had Length (in Kms.) (i) Route length, - 66,030 (ii) Running Track length - 90,803 (iii) Total Trackage - 1,17,996 The following works were carried out upto 31.3.2015 (i) Track renewal - 2,424 (ii) Constructed of New Line - 313 (iii) Gauge conversion from MG/NG to BG - 527 (iv) Track converted from single to double line - 705 New Lines: During 2014-15, new lines over a length of 313 Kms. were constructed on the following sections:- Railway Section Length (in Kms.) Eastern Kharjhusa-Kathuria 10 Chandan- Bhalua (part) 3 Hansdiha- Bhaturia- Barapalasi (part) 5 East Central Bithan-Hasanpur (part) 5 Sahibpur-Jamalpur 10 Patliputra-Parmanandpur 10 Khagaria-Bishnupur-Kamathan (part) 5

Double track over river Ghaghra, North Eastern Railway

58 Railway Section Length (in Kms.) East Coast Begunia- Rajsunakhala 10 Northern Gohana-Sonipat 20 Northeast Frontier Agartala- Udaipur 34 South Central Banaganapalle- Madduru (part) 15 Mortad- Armor 5 Pulomamdi- Makhtal (part) 2 Margutti- Kamlapur- Nawadgi- Kurkotta- Sultanpur 40 Mellacheruvu- Mathampalli 10 Cuddapa- Pendlimari 3 South Eastern Barkichampi-Tori NL 20 South East Central Dallirajhara-Dondi 17 South Western BG nagar-Yediyur 16 Yediyur-Kunigal 17 Vedavatti-Kalayandurg (balance) 8 Budhagumpa-Ginigera 10 Western Indore-Rau- Tihi 15 West Central Chattarpur-Khajuraho 23 Total 313 Gauge Conversion: During 2014-15, 527 Kms. of track was converted from MG/NG to BG as detailed below:- Railway Section Length (in Kms.) Eastern Ahmadpur-Kirnahar GC 22 East Central Raxaul-Sikta 18 North Eastern Bareilly-Ramganga bridge & Kachhala bridge 13 on Ganga River Gainsari-Gonda 83 Northeast Frontier Lumding-Silchar 186 Arunachal-Jiribam 15 Balipara-Balukpong 34 Katakal- Bhairabi (part) 40 North Western Hanumangarh-Ellenabad 43 Southern Muthalmada- Palakkad 27 Western Rau-Mhow (part) 46 Total 527

Doubling : During 2014-15, 705 Kms. of track has been doubled from single line to

59 double line as detailed below: Railway Section Length (in Kms.) Central Kasu-Roha 12 Hoigi-Tilati 9 Mohol- Malikpeh- Angar- Vakav- Madha 29 East Coast Lapanga- Brundamal (Part) 3 Delang- Sakhigopal-Puri 29 Handapa- Boinda 8 Chunagarh- Barang 7 Barang- Mancheshwar-Bhubaneswar 13 Porjanpur- Goaldih 7 Sitabinji- Nilakantheswar 11 Eastern Gadadharpur-Tarapith Road 14 Plassey- Rejinagar 9 Sahibganj-Sakrigali 8 Maharajpur- Karanpurato 4 N/Dham- Bhandartikuri 1 Northern Sewapuri-Kapsethi-Parsipur-Bhadohi 22 Janghai-Sarai Kansrai 6 Sarai Kansrai- Suriawan 10 Chhandrauli - Trivediganj 8 Bhadayan - Lambhua 7 Adhinpur - Nihalgarh 10 Lambhua - Maharani Paschim 8 Musafirkhana -Adhinpur 8 Nihalgarh - Sindhurwa 8 Shiv Nagar - Musafirkhana 10 Sindhurwa - Akbarganj 7 Ballabhgarh - Faridabad Part 3 Maur - Maisarkhana 8 Chhan Arorian – Budhi 8 Sambha – Vijaypur – Jammu – Involving 7 Doubling across Basantar Bridge North Western Maval- Shri Amirgadh 8 Chitrasani- Karjoda 6 Moribera- Kothar 6 Khimel- Falna 8 Luni by pass 1 Rewari-Manheru (part) 9 South East Central Belsonda- Mahasamand- Arand 17 Muribahal- Rahanhata- Titlagarh 17 Salka Road-Khongsara (part) 6 South Eastern Rajkharswan-Pandrasali 7 Pandrasali-Jhinkpani 25 Adityapur-Gamhariya (part) 7

60 Railway Section Length (in Kms.) Sini- Gamharia (part) 8 Mahalimarup- Sini (part) 2 Southern Chengalpattu- Ottivakkam, Karanguzhi- 25 Madurantakam & Olakur- Tindivanam- Perani Tamarai Padi- Wadamadadura - Ayyalur 16 Kolatur- Punggudi 10 Ariyalur- Ottakovil 9 Parikkal- Tiruvennai Nallur Road 11 Manaparai- Chettiapatti 7 South Western Pandavapura-Srirangapattana-Naganhalli 10 Yeliyur-Byadarahalli (balance) 9 Holalkere-Ramagiri 10 Holalkere-Chikjajr 9 Koppal- Banapur- Banipopa- Sompur- Harlapur 39 Hulkoti- Annigeri 9 Hebsur- Navalagund 12 Western Jatpipli-Dhrangadhra 27 Chuli-Sukhpur 11 Chalthan-Bardoli 16 Amalner-Nardana 28 Bhadwad- Dheknad 8 Chinchpada-Khandbara 18 Total 705 Gauge-wise Details: Broad gauge, though forming 89.1% of the route, generated 99.9% of the freight output (NTKms) and 98.7 % of the passenger output (Pkms). Route length as on 31.03.2015 on each gauge, indicating double/ multiple line, single line and electrified route, is given below:

Gauge Single line Double/multiple line Grand Electri- Non Total Electrified Non Total Total fied electrified electrified Broad 6,201 31,991 38,192 16,023 4,610 20,633 58,825 (1676 mm) Metre - 4,908 4,908 - - - 4,908 (1000 mm) Narrow - 2,297 2,297 - - - 2,297 (762mm/610 mm) Total 6,201 39,196 45,397 16,023 4,610 20,633 66,030 Almost all Double/Multiple Track sections and Electrified Routes are Broad Gauge. Metre and Narrow Gauges are mostly single line and non- electrified. Between 1950-51 and 2014-15, traffic density (million GTKms. per running track km.) increased from 4.29 to 23.85 on BG.

61 Track Renewal and Maintenance: During 2014-15, 2,424 Kms. of track renewal was carried out. The year -wise details of track renewals done and expenditures incurred thereon are as under:

Year Gross Expenditure Track Renewal done (` in crore) (Kms.) 2012-13 5,426.19 3,296 2013-14 4,985.35 2,885 2014-15 5,371.55 2,424 IR is working towards progressive mechanization. Induction of high output tamping machines for packing of plain track as well as turnouts, ballast cleaning machines and shoulder ballast cleaning machines for improving drainage of track, dynamic track stabilizer for controlled consolidation of newly laid/maintained track, point and crossing changing machines for laying concrete sleeper turnouts, etc. is a step in this direction. During 2014- 15, 49 track machines were procured taking the total at the end of the year to 778. Track recording cars are deployed for electronic monitoring of track

TRAFFIC DENSITY TRACK RENEWALS MILLION GTKMS PER ANNUM PER RUNNING TRACK KM

B.G. (K.M.)

M.G. 4000 25.0

3200 20.0

2400 15.0

1600 10.0

5.0 800

0 0 1970-7180-81 90-91 00-01 13-14 14-15 2010-1111-12 12-1313-14 14-15

62 parameters at periodic intervals to enable planning of maintenance. As on 31.3.2015, 5 track recording cars are working. During 2014-15, a total of 1,05,336 kms track recording was carried out. Track Upgradation: Track constitutes the basic infrastructure of a railway system and bears the burden of coping with ever increasing traffic. High speed and heavy axle load operation on IR has necessitated upgradation of the track structure. Several policy initiatives have been taken to modernize the track. Track structure is upgraded at the time of renewals. Sleepers are being upgraded from wooden, steel and CST-9 to PSC sleepers. Heavier section and high tensile strength rails are being used. Presently, 52 kg/60 kg 90 UTS rails are being used in place of 90R/52 kg 72 UTS rails. Similarly, long rail panels or welded rails are predominantly used in place of earlier fish plated joints. As on 31.3.2015 on BG main lines of IR, about 89.12% of the length is covered by long welded rails, 98.74% with PSC sleepers and 94.50 % with 52 kg/60 kg 90 or higher UTS rails. Welded Rails: On most of BG track, rails have been converted into long welded rails, short welded rails of 39m length and single rails are limited to locations where welded rails are not permitted on technical grounds. As on 31.3.2015, total length of welded track on main lines of IR was 82,779 kms. out of which 72,297 kms. was with long welded rails and 10,482 kms. with short-welded rails. Concrete Sleepers: Concrete sleepers are economical and functionally best suited for high speed and heavy density traffic. Adequate capacity has been developed for production of concrete sleepers to meet the present requirement of IR and only concrete sleepers are being used for all renewals, new lines doubling gauge conversion etc. Bridges: IR has 1,38,912 bridges, out of which 753 are important, 11,287 are major and 1,26,872 are minor bridges. In 2014-15, 672 bridges were rehabilitated/rebuilt. Road Over/ Under Bridges: To improve safety of train operation and reduce inconvenience to road users, busy level crossings are being replaced by Road Over/Under Bridges (ROBs/RUBs) in a phased manner based on the quantum of traffic.

63 There were 1,779 of sanctioned works appearing in Pink Book 2015- 16 which contains 1,399 ROBs and 5,554 RUBs/Subways. There are at various stages of planning, estimation and execution. During the year 2014-15, 185 ROBs and 923 RUBs/subways have been constructed under cost sharing, railway cost/accommodation works, Deposited/BOT term and by NHAI over Indian Railway. During 2015-16 (upto Sept.- 2015), 48 ROBs and 237 RUBs/Subways have been constructed over Indian Railway. Major Achievements: In the Budget 2015-16, 970 ROBs/RUBs and other safety works have been sanctioned at a total cost of ` 10,754 crore. These works will result in elimination of 3,438 Level Crossing (LCs) including 3,026 unmanned LCs. However in Budget 2014-15, works for construction of only 35 ROBs/RUBs were sanctioned with a total cost of ` 1,079 crore. Therefore there is quantum jump in sanction of Road Safety Works in Budget 2015- 16. With the proper monitoring and coordination, all unmanned level crossings in West Central Railway have been eliminated and has become first Zonal Railway with ZERO unmanned level crossings in August 2015. Level Crossings: Level crossings are meant to facilitate the smooth running of traffic in regulated manner governed by specific rules & conditions. Status of level crossings on IR as on 01.04.2015 is as under: Total number of level crossings : 29,487 Number of manned level crossings : 19,047 (65%) Number of unmanned level crossings : 10,440 (35%) IR has decided to progressively eliminate the level crossing for the safety of Road - users and train passengers. During the year 2014-15, 1,148 unmanned level crossings and 310 manned level crossings have been eliminated. During the year 2015-16 (upto Sep., 2015), 430 unmanned level crossing and 129 manned level crossing have been eliminated. Land Management: As on 31.03.2015 IR owns about 4.61 lakh hectares of land. About 90% of this land is under Railways’ operational and allied usages such as laying of new lines, doubling, gauge conversions, track, stations, workshops, staff

64 colonies, etc. The break-up of the land is as under:- Description Area (in lakh hectares) Track and structures including stations, colonies, etc. 3.59 Afforestation 0.40 Grow More Food’ scheme 0.03 Commercial licensing 0.04 Other uses like pisciculture 0.08 Encroachment 0.01 Vacant land 0.46 Total 4.61 Creation of various infrastructure facilities for development of future rail network largely depends on the availability of land. Therefore, preservation and meaningful interim use of railway land is the main objective of IR’s land-use policy. In pursuance of Railways’ commitment towards environmental improvement through afforestation and also with a view to safeguard the precious railway land against unauthorized occupation, tree plantation is being undertaken on vacant railway land with active participation of railway employees. In some States, railway land in mid-sections has been entrusted to the Forest Departments for plantation so as to ensure purposeful utilization and prevention against encroachments. Besides, railway land is also licensed to railway employees belonging to Group ‘C’ and ‘D’ category under ‘Grow More Food’ scheme, for growing vegetables, crops etc. Licensing of railway land is permitted for the purposes directly connected with railway working. Plots of railway land at stations, goods sheds and sidings are licensed to other parties for stacking/storing of goods either received or to be dispatched by rail. Railway land is also leased to Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan to open the Kendriya Vidyalayas. Apart from this, land is also leased to Central/State Governments/ Public Sector Undertakings on long term basis for public utility purpose like ROB/RUB. Railways have also taken up commercial use of such land which may not be required by the Railways for its immediate future use. Through an amendment to Railways Act, 1989, Rail Land Development Authority (RLDA), under the Ministry of Railways has been constituted on 1st November, 2006 to undertake all tasks related to commercial development on railway land/air-space under the control of Ministry of Railways. At present, 60 sites have been entrusted to the Authority, for commercial development. Necessary action for development of these sites is under process by RLDA. Besides commercial development of vacant Railway land, RLDA has also been assigned the task of development of Multi Functional Complexes (MFCs) for providing/augmenting much needed facilities to rail users at 197 identified stations.

65 Electrification

With a view to reduce the Nation’s dependence on imported petroleum based energy and to enhance energy security to the Country, as well as to make the Railway System more eco- friendly and to modernize the system, Indian Railways have been progressively electrifying its rail routes. In pre-independence period, electrification remained confined to 388 Route kilometres (Rkms) and it is only in the post independence period that further electrification was taken up. While, 1,810 Rkms were electrified during Xth five year plan (2002-07), the progress increased to 4,556 Rkms in the XIth plan, 2007-12 (against the target of 4500 RKMs). In XIIth plan(2012- 17), the target has been further enhanced to 6,500 Rkms, out of which, 4,042 Rkms have been electrified in the last three years of XIIth plan i.e. (in 2012-15) as against the proportionate target of 3,900 Rkms. Upto March 2015, 22,224 Route kilometres has been electrified as compared to total electrified RKMs on 31 march, 2014 i.e. 21,614 RKMs. On this electrified route 65.40%. of freight traffic & 51.20% of Passenger traffic is hauled with fuel cost on electric traction being merely 36.32% of the total traction fuel cost on Indian Railways. The progress of electrification on IR over the Plan period as under Plan Period Route Kms. Electrified Pre-Independence 1925-1947 388 1st Five Year Plan - 1951-56 141 2nd Five Year Plan - 1956-61 216 3rd Five Year Plan - 1961-66 1,678 Annual Plan - 1966-69 814 4th Five Year Plan - 1969-74 954 5th Five Year Plan - 1974-78 533 Inter Plan - 1978-80 195 6th Five Year Plan - 1980-85 1,522 7th Five Year Plan - 1985-90 2,812 Inter Plan - 1990-92 1,557 8th Five Year Plan - 1992-97 2,708 9th Five Year Plan - 1997-02 2,484 10th Five Year Plan - 2002-07 1,810 11th Five Year Plan - 2007-12 4,556 12th Five Year Plan 1st year 2012-13 1,317 2nd year 2013-14 1,350 3rd year 2014-15 1,375 66 Sections Opened for Electric Traction after Inspection by Commissioner of Railway Safety in 2014-15.

Section Railway Route Kms. Electrified Vellore-Villupuram Southern 150 Pathankot-Jammu Tawi Northern 100 Barabanki-Gonda North Eastern 88 Chhapra-Siwan-Thawe North Eastern 88 Khurja-Meerut Northern 84 Virudhnagar-Vanchi Maniyachchi-Tirunelvelli, Southern 143 including Vanchi Maniyachchi-Tuticorin Hazipur-Muzaffarpur-Bachhwara East Central 140 Kachujhor-Sainthia Eastern 22 Siwan –Bhatni North Eastern 50 Vizianagaram-Garudabilli East Coast 13 Mathura-Alwar North Central 123 Kanpur Anwarganj-Kalyanpur North Eastern 10 Shoranur-Kozhikkode (Excluding) Southern 84 Manmad-Puntamba-Shirdi Central 81 Total 1,176 Completion of Electrification from Vellore to Villupuram to connect two trunk routes i.e Chennai Beach-Villupuram- Tiruchchirappalli-Madurai-Nagercoil and Chennai-Katpadi– Jolarpettai-Thiruvananthpurum-Nagercoil on electric traction In the year 2014-15, Railway Electrification of Vellore-Villupuram broad gauge single line section of Southern Railway, covering 150 route kilometres and passing through the State of Tamil Nadu has been completed. This important rail route connects Vellore (Katpadi) on electrified (Chennai- Katpadi-Jolarpettai-Thiruvananthpurum-Nagercoil) trunk route with Villupuram on electrified (Chennai Beach-Villupuram-Tiruchchirappalli- Madurai-Nagercoil) trunk route. This has resulted in seamless flow of electric trains in this section as traction changes/detentions at Katpadi and Villupuram ends is eliminated. DC-AC conversion in Mumbai area of Western and Central Railways Initial electrification in India was on 1500 volt DC which included Mumbai division of Western Railway and Mumbai, Pune divisions of Central Railway. Electrification in Indian Railways started on 1500 volts DC on the sub-urban system of Central Railway with first electric train running on

67 ANNUAL RAILWAY ELECTRIFICATION (ROUTE KILOMETRES)

1400 1375

1200

1000

800

600

400

200

0 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15

Test Charging of DC-AC Conversion at Central Railway

68 the historic day of 3rd February,1925. Subsequently, Western Railway was electrified on 1500 volt DC in the year 1928. Electrification of Howrah- Burdwan section was taken up on 3000 Volt DC during the first five year plan & the same was completed in 1958. Changing times and a series of events led Indian Railways to switch over to 25000 volt AC electrification; the first section being Raj Kharswan- Dongaposi of South Eastern Railway in the year 1960. Howrah-Burdwan of Eastern Railway & Madras Beach- Tambaram sections of Southern Railway were subsequently converted to 25000 volt AC by the year 1968. Post independence, the electrification was done on 25000 volt AC, which was a far superior technology, keeping in pace with the changing times. In the year 1996-97, decision was taken to convert Mumbai division of Western Railway and Mumbai & Pune divisions of Central Railway from 1500 volt DC to 25000 volt AC. The complete section of Western Railway from Virar to Churchgate was converted from 1500 volt DC to 25000 volt AC on the historic date of 5th February, 2012. This has resulted in reduction in cost of operation apart from improving speeds and sectional capacity. This project has also helped to induct more suburban services, augmentation of suburban services from 9 car to 12/15 car services, thereby leading to substantial improvement to commuter comforts and satisfaction. This has also resulted in reduction in maximum power demand by 20% to 25% for same level of traffic, reduced transmission line losses, improved energy efficiency and reduced energy consumption due to regenerative braking. On the Central Railway system, which is much larger than the Western Railway system, conversion work of main line portion upto Mumbai Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminius (CSTM) has been completed in June,2015. The sections ,consisting of 90% of physical work comprising of Vasai-Diva- Jasai, Panvel-Karjat, Pune-Kalyan, Igatpuri-Kalyan, Karjat-Khopoli, Kalyan- Thane.-Lokmanya Tilak Terminus and Thane- Chatrapati Shivaji Terminus have been opened on 25000 volt AC for public carriage of passenger. Work is in progress for completing the balance portion of harbour & trans harbour lines Major New Electrification Works Sanctioned in 2014-15, under Plan Head - Railway Electrification.

Section Railway Route Kms. Manpur- Tilaiya - Bakhtiarpur East Central 132 Chhapra- Balia -Ghazi pur-Varanasi-Allahabad North Eastern 330 Total 462

69 Signal and Telecom

Signalling: Advanced Signalling System:

To increase Efficiency as well as Safety in train operations, Advanced Signalling System with Penal Route Relay Electronic Interlocking (PI/RRI/ EI) along with Multi Aspect Colour Light Signals have been progressively provided at 5,317 stations covering 85% of Broad Gauge stations of Indian Railways, replacing outdated multi cabin mechanical signalling system involving a large number of human interfaces. Route Relay Interlocking/ Electronic Interlocking at 8 major stations namely Barddhaman, Firozpur Jakhal, Tambaram, Nagda, Gomoh, Agra Cantt & Cheoki have been provided during the year 2014-15. Complete Track Circuiting: Complete Track Circuiting has been done upto 99.8% on A, B and C routes. Fouling Mark to Fouling Mark track circuiting on ‘A’, ‘B’ ‘C’, ‘D Special’ and ‘E Special’ routes, where permissible speed is more than 75 kilometres per hour has been completed. Block Proving Axle Counter : To enhance safety, automatic verification of complete arrival of train, Block Proving Axle Counter (BPAC) is being provided at stations having centralized operation of points and signals. Automatic Block Signalling : Signalling provides a low cost option by provision of Automatic Block Signalling for augmenting Line Capacity while reducing headway on existing High Density Routes on Indian Railways. As on 31.03.2015, Automatic Block Signalling has been provided on 2,715 Route Kms. Train Protection and Warning System (TPWS) : Train Protection and Warning System (TPWS) prevents train accidents caused by human error like Signal Passing At Danger (SPAD) and over speeding. Pilot project of TPWS (European Train Control System or ETCS Level-I) has been commissioned on 50 Route Kms. suburban section of Southern Railway. Commercial trials of pilot project on 200 Route Kms. of Northern/North Central Railway is in progress with 35 locomotives on

70 nominated trains. During 2014-15, TPWS system has been introduced in commercial service on all the rakes on Dum Dum Kavi Shubhash section of Kolkata Metro (25 Route Kms.). Train Management System (TMS): TMS helps in real-time monitoring of trains in the control room. The arrival status of local trains is displayed on indicators installed on platforms in the form of a countdown (in minutes) to the train’s arrival on the platform accompanied by automatic announcements on platforms. Interlocking with Signals at Level Crossing Gates : Accidents at Level Crossings have been a major area of concern. Indian Railways have provided interlocking with signals at more than 10,000 Level Crossing gates to enhance the safety at Level Crossings. Initiatives to interlock Level Crossing gate with Train Vehicle Units of 20,000 and above have also been taken. The progress of deployment of various signalling devices as on March 31, 2015 vis-à-vis last year is as follows:- (in units) Installation As on As on 31.3.2014 31.03.2015 Panel Interlocking (No. of stations) 4,200 4,195 Electronic Interlocking (No. of stations) 735 842 Route Relay Interlocking (No. of stations) 276 280 LED Lit Stations (No. of stations) 5,449 5,599 Data Loggers (No. of stations) 5,292 5,460 Multi Aspect Colour Light Signalling (No. of stations) 5,658 5,772 Block Proving Axle Counter (Block Sections) 4,175 4,585 Track Circuiting (No. of locations) 30,509 31,073 Automatic Block Signalling (Route kilometres) 2,623 2,715 Intermediate Block Signalling (No. of Block Sections) 449 475 Interlocked Level Crossings Gates (Nos.) 10,493 10,513

Telecommunication Telecommunication plays an important role in train control, operation and safety on IR. IR has set up a state-of-the-art, nationwide telecom network for meeting its communication needs. RailTel, a Railways Central

71 Public Sector Enterprise formed in September, 2000 is successfully exploiting surplus capacity of IR Telecom network commercially. As on March 2015, Indian Railways has about 48,293 Route Kilometres of Optical Fibre Cable (OFC) that is carrying Gigabits of traffic. Railways Control Communication which is quintessential for train operation and control is also being transferred to OFC system. Till date control communication on 45,307 Route Kms has been shifted on OFC system. This OFC network is also contributing significantly in building National Knowledge Network through RailTel. A plan to provide Broadband connectivity to Panchayats is also being contemplated through this OFC network. IR has decided to adopt global System of Mobile communication Railways (GSM-R) based Mobile Train Radio Communication. The same has already been provided on 2,461 Route kms. and is being extended in balance ‘A’ , ‘B’ & ‘C’ routes. IR has its own satellite hub that is being utilized for connecting remote location for Freight Operation Information System (FOIS), Unreserved Ticketing System (UTS), disaster management system as well as for other critical communication system. Besides, IR works use 13,116 data circuits that empower its various data and voice networks across the country. Railways have also established its Multi-Protocol Level Switching (MPLS) based Next Generation Networks (NGN) for voice traffic. This Next Generation Networks (NGN) has been used to interconnect more than 100 exchanges of Railways carrying the administrative voice traffic. Common User Group (CUG) mobile phones have also been hired to enable communication while on move to enhance safety, reliability and productivity. IR is also using 1.41 lakh VHF walkie-talkies sets to ensure safety and enhance reliability. Telecom also plays a major role in ensuring passenger comfort. For the convenience of passengers, Train Information Boards have been provided at 1,090 Stations, Public Address (PA) Systems at 4,638 stations and Coach Guidance System at 602. Broad Band Internet accesses to passengers have been provided using two way satellite hybrid with 2G/3G and Wi-Fi. The System consists of on- board satellite tracking antenna, multiband antenna and Wi-Fi broadcasting equipments for on-board last mile connectivity. The primary broad band link to back haul the internet traffic is established via satellite and in the event of non-availability of satellite the multi access router automatically switches from satellite to 2G/3G links to achieve 99% connectivity.

72 The progress of installation of telecom equipment on IR is given below:-

Installation As on As on 31.3.2014 31.3.2015 Railway Telephone Subscribers Lines (Nos) 3,83,030 3,95,816 Number of Control Sections provided with Dual Tone Multiple 322 322 Frequency (DTMF) control equipment Mobile Train Radio Communication System (route kilometres) a) GSM-R based 2,264 2,461 b) TETRA (Terrestrial Trunked Radio) based 53 53 Optical Fibre Cable Communication (OFC) system for control 46,850 48,293 communication (route kilometres) Quad Cable (route kilometres) 53,949 53,376 Digital Microwave (7GHz) (route kilometres) 2,953 2,091 Public Address System (No. of stations) 4,480 4,638 Train Display Boards (No. of stations) 1,090 1,090 Coach Guidance System (No. of stations) 566 602 Very High Frequency Sets (a) 5 Watt sets (Hand Held) (Nos.) 1,33,267 1,41,976 (b) 25 Watt sets (At Stations) (Nos.) 8,845 9,057 Very Small Aperture Terminal (V-SAT) (Nos.) 1,196 1,068 Unreserved Ticket System/Passenger Reservation System 10,431 10,470 Circuits (No. of stations) Freight Operation Information System Circuits (No. of stations) 2,093 2,186 Next Generation Networks & Exchange Circuits (No. of stations) 2,429 2,429 Railnet connections 1,13,325 1,20,652

73 Rolling Stock

Locomotives: The size of IR’s fleet of motive stock as on 31st March, 2015 consisted of 43 steam, 5,714 diesel and 5,016 electric locomotives. The number of locomotives, traction-wise, along with their average tractive effort are as follows: Year Number of locomotives Tractive effort per loco (in kgs.) Steam Diesel Electric Total B.G. M.G. 1950-51 8,120 17 72 8,209 12,801 7,497 1960-61 10,312 181 131 10,624 14,733 8,201 1970-71 9,387 1,169 602 11,158 17,303 9,607 1980-81 7,469 2,403 1,036 10,908 19,848 10,429 1990-91 2,915 3,759 1,743 8,417 24,088 12,438 2000-01 54 4,702 2,810 7,566 29,203 18,537 2010-11 43 5,137 4,033 9,213 34,380 18,304 2012-13 43 5,345 4,568 9,956 36,048 18,202 2013-14 43 5,633 4,823 10,499 36,557 18,184 2014-15 43 5,714 5,016 10,773 36,954 17,950 Traction wise, average tractive effort per loco (Kgs.) for last four year is given below: Year Broad Gauge Metre Gauge Diesel Electric Diesel Electric 2011-12 33,845 38,170 19,018 - 2012-13 35,252 36,909 19,009 - 2013-14 35,852 35,999 19,005* - 2014-15 36,520 37,420 18,974 - *revised Coach upkeep: 752 old coaches were given mid-life rehabilitation and 461 coaches were refurbished which brought substantial improvement in the condition of flooring, toilets and other passenger amenities. Passenger Carrying Vehicles (PCVs) with aggregate seating capacity in different years and availability of Other Coaching Vehicles (OCVs) are

74 shown below: Year Passenger Coaches Other EMU Coaches Conventional DMU/DHMU Coaching Coaches Vehicles Number Capacity Number Seating Number Seating (Number+) $ @ capacity capacity

1950-51 460 87,986 13,109 8,54,678 - - 6,059 1960-61 846 1,50,854 20,178 12,80,797 - - 7,415 1970-71 1,750 3,40,541 24,676 15,05,047 - - 8,719 1980-81 2,625 5,00,607 27,478 16,95,127 - - 8,230 1990-91 3,142 6,09,042 28,701 18,64,136 - - 6,668 2000-01 4,526 8,59,701 33,258 23,72,729 142 13,884 4,731 2010-11 7,292 13,64,948 45,082 32,54,555 761 74,097 6,500 2012-13 8,238 15,19,243 48,069 34,55,498 946 91,168 6,622 2013-14 8,337 15,28,124 50,228* 36,42,992* 1,024* 98,483* 6,791* 2014-15 8,475 15,45,435 51,833 37,53,333 1,250 1,22,045 7,000 $ Includes standing accommodation. @ Includes Rail Cars. * revised + Includes luggage vans, mail vans, parcel vans, etc. Wagons: As on 31st March, 2015, the size of IR’s wagon fleet consisted of 2,54,006 units 66,054 covered, 1,36,724 open high-sided, 15,167 open low-sided, 22,238 other types and 13,823 brake vans/departmental wagons: Year Total Percentage of total number of wagons wagons Covered Open Open Other Depart- Total on line high low types mental (In units) sided sided 1950-51 2,05,596 58.9 25.5 3.4 7.2 5.0 100 1960-61 3,07,907 57.3 25.5 2.5 10.6 4.1 100 1970-71 3,83,990 53.4 25.6 1.8 13.0 4.2 100 1980-81 4,00,946 53.3 28.3 3.2 11.8 3.4 100 1990-91 3,46,102 49.1 29.6 3.6 14.4 3.3 100 2000-01 2,22,193 34.1 41.0 3.6 17.5 3.8 100 2010-11 2,29,987 26.6 52.8 3.1 12.0 5.6 100 2012-13 2,44,818 26.4 55.1 3.1 9.8 5.6 100 2013-14* 2,52,833 25.9 53.6 5.6 9.6 5.3 100 2014-15 2,54,006 26.0 53.8 6.0 8.8 5.4 100 *revised

75 Carrying capacity per wagon on broad gauge and metre gauge are indicated below : Year All Gauges Broad Gauge Metre Gauge Total Total Number$ Average Number$ Average number capacity (000) capacity (000) capacity of wagons$ (Million (Tonnes) (Tonnes) (000) tonnes) 1950-51 195 4.14 149 22.6 43 17.1 1960-61 295 6.30 207 23.1 83 18.0 1970-71 368 9.35 271 27.8 91 19.1 1980-81 387 11.14 299 30.6 83 23.0 1990-91 335 11.50 276 36.9 55 22.9 2000-01 214 10.19 199 48.7 14 34.4 2010-11 217 12.18 213 56.6 4 33.0 2012-13 231 13.47 228 58.7 3 33.2 2013-14 239* 14.05 236* 59.1* 3 33.2 2014-15 240 14.33 237 60.0 3 33.9 $ Excludes departmental service wagons and brake vans. *revised

An exterior View of CNG DEMU by Integral Coach Factory

76 Some of the major types of wagons held by IR as on 31.3.2015 are shown below. Types of wagon fleet (B.G.) Type of Units Brief description wagon available BOX`N’ 52,351 High-sided bogie open wagons with cast steel bogie, high tensile couplers, Cartridge Tapered Roller Bearings (CTRB), air brake, etc. for movement of bulk commodities like coal, iron ore etc. BOXNHS 17,208 Bogie open wagon, air brake, high speed. BOXNLW 2,179 Bogie open wagon, air brake, light weight. BOXNCR 265 Bogie open wagon, air brake, made of corrosion resistant IRS M : 44 steel. BOXNHA 2,993 Bogie open, air brake wagon of 22 t axle load with high side walls (higher than BOXN), designed for transportation of coal. BOXNHL 30,755 Bogie open air brake, stainless steel wagon. BOY 1,255 Standard Gondola wagon, air brake, to carry minerals/iron ore with an axle load of 22.9 t. BCN/BCNA 41,078 Bogie covered wagon, air brake fully riveted/welded construction for transportation of bagged cement, food grains, fertilizers etc. BCNAHS/ 8,745 Bogie covered, air brake, all welded & riveted construction with BCNHS High Speed, bogie CASNUB-22 HS BOGIE. BCNHL 15,827 Bogie covered, air brake, micro - alloy (stainless steel wagon). BRN 1,457 Bogie Rail wagon Heavy, air brake. BRNA/HS 5,297 Bogie Rail wagon Heavy, air brake, High Speed bogie, riveted cum welded construction. BRHNEHS 1,518 Bogie Rail wagon, air brake, high speed CASNUB BOGIE for engineering department. BFNS 709 Bogie Flat, air brake wagon, high speed for transportation of H.R. coils, plates, sheets & billets loading. BOST/HS 8,118 Longer BOXNHS, air brake, wagon for finished steel products. BOBR/N/HS 13,572 Bogie open rapid discharge air brake wagon for coal. BOBYN 6,341 Bogie Hopper, air brake, bottom discharge wagon. BOBSN 1,439 Bogie open air brake, side discharge wagon for iron ore. BTPN 10,828 Bogie Tank wagon, air brake, for liquid consignments like petrol, naptha, ATF and other petroleum products. BTFLN 654 Bogie Tank wagon, air brake with frameless body. BTPGLN 141 Bogie Tank wagon, air brake, for carrying Liquified Petroleum Gas. BLCA/BLCB 17,085 Low Platform Container Flat wagon, 840 mm wheel diameter, AAR’E’ type centre buffer coupler and slack less draw bar system (privately owned). BLLA/BLLB 1,080 Container Flat wagon, same as BLCA/BLCB, but with a Longer Platform of 45ft. (privately owned). BFKN 1,357 BFKNs are CASNUB bogie container flat wagon with air brake, converted from BFKI (privately owned).

77 Repair and Maintenance : 84 loco sheds and 222 carriage and wagons sick lines and central repair depots provide repair and maintenance facilities for the entire fleet of rolling stock. 45 workshops under periodic overhaul. The number of units of rolling stock given periodic overhaul (POH) in railway workshops during the year are given in the following table:

Type of rolling stock Periodic overhaul(Nos) undertaken (BG+MG) during the year 2013-14 2014-15 Diesel Locos 560 520 Electric locos 380 415 Coaches 28,504 29,295 Wagons 45,025 46,682

COFMOW Central Organisation for Modernisation of Workshops (COFMOW) was established under the Ministry of Railways by Govt. of India for modernizing Indian Railways workshop. The modernization project was funded through World Bank credits. Since its establishment in 1979 COFMOW has assisted in modernizing Indian Railways Production Units and maintenance workshops. This has involved purchasing over 20,196 machines valued at ` 5,044 crore. It continues its endeavor to provide crucial technical support to the various manufacturing & maintenance units of Indian Railways with bare minimum staff strength of 181 personnel. It has emerged as a leading specialized organization in the field of manufacturing and maintenance technologies. COFMOW is in a position to offer its services to those needing modernization or up gradation of their manufacturing/maintenance activities with enhanced productivity. COFOMOW provides professional advice and procurement of machine tools and allied equipment. Salient Features yy Imbibing latest state of the art technologies available worldwide in the field of M&P. yy Professional expertise is gained through training staff in the required area by interaction with firms and studying the field requirements. yy Supports not only Mechanical units, but all the departments of Indian Railways vis-à-vis their M&P requirements.

78 Up-gradation and compilation of specifications of all machines used in various workshops, maintenance sheds and Production Units. E-tendering is being done for all M&P items. yy Reverse Auction. yy Sole window for Industrial Engineering expertise in Indian Railway yy Successive efforts for indigenization have led to FOREX savings. yy Setting up complete plants on composite, turnkey basis for timely execution thus minimizing coordination efforts and pin pointed accountability at all levels.

Year Fund Utilization (` in crore} 2013-14 460 2014-15 546 Turnkey Projects COFMOW has recently embarked upon the journey of handling Turnkey composite works including construction of Civil and Electrical infrastructure besides procurement, installation and commissioning of machines and delivering to the consignee. ICF Expansion Project: yy Works contracts for composite work of augmentation of production capacity at ICF for manufacturing of advanced LHB coaches (cost ` 127 crore) has been completed and handed over. yy Almost 100 shells have so far been manufactured from the facility. RWF Axle Forging Line Project: yy A composite turnkey tender at the estimated value of ` 214 crore has been initiated for setting up a process line facility for manufacturing of Axles at or setting up a of at RWF/Bangalore. RWF Wheel and Axle Assembly Complex Automatic with PLC: yy Composite stores tender on Turn Key basis covering Civil, Electrical and Machines has been initiated. Pit Wheel Lathe turnkey Project: yy A number of turnkey projects for Under floor Pit wheel lathes with shed have already been successfully executed and many more to follow.

79 Traction

Electric and Diesel traction constitute the principal modes of traction on IR. The share of traffic in terms of Train Kms. and GTKMs for passenger and freight services hauled under different traction types over the years is given in the following tables: Percentage of Train Kms. by types of traction Year Passenger Freight Steam Diesel@ Electric Steam Diesel Electric Loco EMU 1950-51 93 - 2 5 99 - 1 1960-61 91 - 2 7 94 5 1 1970-71 77 7 7 9 46 39 15 1980-81 49 25 14 12 18 62 20 1990-91 21.8 42.4 22.6 13.2 3 60.6 34.4 2000-01 - 56.2 31.2 12.7 - 43.5 56.5 2010-11 - 49.4 36.6 13.9 - 37.5 62.7 2012-13 - 49.3 36.7 14.1 - 36.2 63.5 2013-14 - 48.9* 37.0 14.0* - 35.9 64.1 2014-15 48.5 37.5 14.1 - 36.9 63.1 @ Includes DHMU & DEMU

Percentage of Gross Tonne Kms. by types of traction Passenger Freight Steam Diesel@ Electric Steam Diesel Electric Loco EMU 1950-51 92.4 - 2.8 4.8 98.3 - 1.7 1960-61 91.9 - 2.7 5.4 90.5 8.1 1.4 1970-71 74.1 10.7 8.2 7.0 32.2 47.7 20.1 1980-81 41.2 33.0 17.2 8.6 9.0 67.0 24.0 1990-91 15.1 47.1 29.5 8.3 0.8 57.8 41.4 2000-01 - 52.8 40.2 7.0 - 40.2 59.8 2010-11 - 48.8 44.0 7.2 - 35.7 64.3 2012-13 - 48.7 44.0 7.3 - 33.3 64.7 2013-14 - 48.7 43.9 7.3 - 34.6 65.4 2014-15 - 48.6 44.0 7.3 - 35.2 64.8 @ Includes DHMU & DEMU * revised

80 Electric Traction: Electric Loco Production at CLW: During 2014-15, a product mix of 250 Electric locomotives including 145 High Horse Power (6000HP) locomotives based on advanced 3-phase drive technology have been manufactured by CLW. It is decided that 80% of the total production in 2015-16 and 100% production from 2016-17 onwards, shall be of 3 phase locos. These new generation locos save up to 15% electricity consumption by use of regenerative braking feature. Design improvement in 3 phase locos for Reliability and Performance level: Introduction of Insulated Gate Bi-Polar Transistor (IGBT) based Traction and Auxiliary Converters has been adopted for 100% loco production by CLW. Indigenously developed Vehicle Control Units (VCU) based on International Standards are now planned to be inducted in large numbers. IR has also decided to procure Integrated Propulsion System to obtain modern 3 Phase propulsion technology and also to avoid compatibility and interface issues. Further, 3- Phase locomotives are now being provided with a new type of Driver Display system having 4X40 characters for showing important parameters to loco pilots. Software for Loco Asset Management (SLAM) : A computer application ‘Software for Loco Asset Management (SLAM)’ has been developed successfully for electric loco maintenance in sheds and trip sheds. Initially it has been implemented in two Electric Loco Sheds as pilot project and it is planned to gradually cover all Electric loco sheds across IR. Diesel Traction: Indian Railways has a fleet of about 5,151 mainline BG diesel locos based in 42 Sheds. There has been a constant improvement in the availability, reliability and fuel & lube oil efficiency of the fleet. Following initiatives have been taken by IR for improving availability & reliability and enhancing the safety concerning diesel locomotives and train operation. Air Conditioning (AC) of Locomotive Cabs: Loco Pilots are working in extreme weather conditions of heat, humidity and dust. Provision of AC in

81 loco cab will reduce fatigue level on run and will make working environment of crew better and improve their efficiency. So far, ACs has been fitted in 125 Diesel Locos. Bio – Diesel: IR has started using HSD oil blended with 5% bio- diesel (B5) mixture on World Environment Day i.e on 05.06.2015 at two locations Itarsi/ West Central Railway and Sanathnagar/ South Central Railway. Subsequently it has now started blended of bio-diesel mixture at 16 locations on 8 Zonal Railways. A Bio-Diesel plant at Tondiarpet/ Chennai is under construction. Use of bio-diesel will result in reduction of Greenhouse Gases emissions, earning of carbon credits & saving of foreign exchange. Bio-diesel is expected to be 5-10 % cheaper than High Speed Diesel.

ENERGY CONSUMPTION (IN COAL EQUIVALENT) GOODS SERVICES (KGS. OF COAL/1000 GTKMS.)

M.G. 100.0 B.G.

75.0

50.0

25.0

0

2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15

82 CNG DEMU: IR has already embarked on its journey to use alternate source of energy like CNG in its fleet of Diesel Electric Multiple Units (DEMUs). CNG is not only cheaper fuel than diesel but is also more environment friendly. Resulting in a saving in fuel cost by 6% by use of CNG engines in dual fuel mode. Air Conditioned (AC) DEMU: ICF, Chennai has manufactured three rakes of DEMU with AC chair car coaches. In this rake one DEMU car has been replaced by AC chair car. Auxiliary Power Unit (APU): APU is a self-contained unit containing a small diesel engine coupled to a compressor and alternator for battery charging. It has its own set of controls, accessories and is integrated to the existing microprocessor control system of locomotive. In APU System, main engine shuts down and small 25 HP Engine starts and charges batteries and air brakes pipes, when loco idles for more than 10 minutes. The diesel engine of APU consumes only 3 litres of diesel per hour in comparison to 25 litres by the main engine of the locomotive. Expected savings per loco fitted with APU is ` 20 lakhs per year on account of savings in fuel oil only. Remote Monitoring and Management of Locomotives and Trains (REMMLOT): Enables remote monitoring of Diesel Locomotives. It specifically enables analysis of lapses on part of the loco pilot, when he is reported to have passed a signal at danger. This will enable focused counseling and training of such crew, who are prone to unsafe working. REMMLOT also monitors condition of locomotive and helps in preventive maintenance of locomotives. REMMLOT monitors shutting down of locomotives when idle for a long time and generates management information to ensure this. The above system is already running on about 1,320 locomotives. Guidance for Optimized Loco Driving (GOLD): This is a GPS based driver guidance system, which assists the loco pilot in optimizing fuel consumption with an eye on terrain ahead. It advises the loco pilot to lower throttle if there is a down gradient ahead or to throttle up if there is a climb ahead. It also warns the crew of signals, stations and level crossing gates ahead. Successful trials have been conducted and this system will be proliferated on the locomotives. Common Rail electronic Direct Injection (CReDI): Use of CReDI as fuel injection system leads to reduction in fuel consumption, reduction of emissions to very low levels and reduction of engine combustion generated noise. In addition the life of engine is increased due to controlled injection and combustion of fuel. Railway traction engine

83 manufacturers like EMD, GETS, etc. also have ongoing advanced CReDI development programs for their railway traction engines. The performance envisaged with implementation of a CReDI system is reduction in fuel consumption by 4-6% over the duty cycle with added benefits of reduced key emissions. Steam Locomotives: Steam locomotives are the icons of IR’s history. These gallant stalwarts of a bygone era are now part of IR’s glorious heritage. Considering their heritage value and attractiveness for the tourists, the following sections have been earmarked for running of trains hauled by steam loco: i) Steam service between Delhi Cantt. and Alwar. ii) The Darjeeling Himalayan Railway (DHR), now in its 136th year and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. iii) Nilgiri Mountain Railway, now in its 108th year and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. iv) Kalka-Simla Railway (KSR) now in its 113th year and UNESCO World Heritage Site. v) Neral-Matheran on Matheran Light Railway (MLR), now in its 109th year. vi) Kangra Valley Railway (KVR), now in its 87th year. In addition, IR also runs, steam locomotives on special commemorative occasions. A number of steam locomotives have been preserved at the National Rail Museum, Regional Rail Museums and also given place of pride on pedestals of Zonal and Divisional Railway Headquarters and public places.

Consumption of Fuel/Energy Quantity Consumed For Traction For other than traction Purposes (including manufacturing units) 2013-14 2014-15 2013-14 2014-15 Electricity (Million KWH) 15169.16* 15742.89 2492.08 2503.38 HSD Oil (Million litres) 2789.26 2856.19 33.54 37.66 Coal (Million tonnes) 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 *revised

84 Personnel

The number of regular employees on Indian Railways as on 31.3.2015 stood at 13,26,437. The table below shows, the strength of railway employees under various groups, together with total expenditure incurred on them, for some selected years:

Number@ of staff as on 31st March Expenditure@ (in thousands) on staff Year Groups Group C Group D Total (` in crore) A&B 1950-51 2.3 223.5 687.8 913.6 113.8 1960-61 4.4 463.1 689.5 1,157.0 205.2 1970-71 8.1 583.2 782.9 1,374.2 459.9 1980-81 11.2 721.1 839.9 1,572.2 1,316.7 1990-91 14.3 891.4 746.1 1,651.8 5,166.3 2000-01 14.8 900.3 630.2 1,545.3 18,841.4 2010-11 16.9 1,079.2 235.9 1,332.0 51,776.6 2012-13 17.0 1,196.7 93.4 1,307.1 67,004.4 2013-14 17.1 1,187.9 129.0 1,334.0 75,893.1* 2014-15 17.1 1,229.9 79.4 1,326.4 84,748.0 *revised @ Includes number of Railway Protection Special Force (RPSF) personnel and expenditure on them from 1980-81 onwards. These were not included in earlier years. Number of personnel (Groups A&B) constitute 1.3% of the total strength, while Group C and D account for 92.7 % and 6.0% respectively. Of the employees in Group C and D, 3.62 lakhs (27.7%) are workshop employees and artisans and 9.47 lakhs (72.3%) from other categories including running staff. Railway Protection Force/RPSF personnel totalled 56,237. In the non-gazetted cadres, the ratio of Group C to D changed from 25:75 in 1950-51 to 94:6 in 2014-15, indicating a shift towards induction of skilled manpower. Representation of Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs):

85 Representation of scheduled caste and scheduled tribe employees on IR (including MTP Railways) for the year 2014-15 as compared to the previous year is given below:

Number of SC Employees Number of ST Employees As on As on As on As on 31.03.2014 31.03.2015 31.03.2014 31.03.2015 Group A 1,162 1,213 647 674 (12.78%) (12.82%) (7.12%) (7.12%) Group B 1,510 1,300 611 522 (18.94%) (17.08%) (7.66%) (6.86%) Group C ** 2,13,208 2,17576 1,01,518 1,04,980 (16.50%) (16.93%) (7.85%) (8.17%) GroupD 11,717 9,340 1,445 1,507 (Safaiwalas) (47.57%) (38.16%) (5.87%) (6.16%) Grand Total 2,27,597 2,29,429 1,04,221 1,07,683 (17.06%) (17.30%) (7.81%) (8.12%) ** Group C including erstwhile Group ‘D’ other than Safaiwala. Note: Figures mentioned in brackets indicate the percentage of SCs/STs to total number of employees. A fully dedicated reservation cell exists each at the level of Ministry/ Railway/Zones/ Divisions/Workshops/Production Units, for dealing with the reservation matter. Wage Bill:

Wage bill including pension etc. during 2014-15 was ` 84,748.01 crore registering an increase of ` 8,854.96 crore over the previous year. The average wage per employee was up by 12.33% from ` 5,85,620 per annum in 2013-14 to ` 6,57,829 per annum in 2014-15. The ratio of staff cost on open line (excluding payment towards pension and gratuity) to ordinary working expenses (excluding appropriation to DRF and Pension Fund) was 51.69 %. The average annual wage (excluding fringe benefits) per employee paid under various categories in 2014-15 is given below:

Category GroupsA&B Group C Group D Total (`) (`) (`) (`) Workshop and artisan - 6,03,192 4,14,234 5,91,051 Running * - 8,94,774 - 8,94,774, Others - 6,46,189 4,06,887 6,54,202 Total 18,34,965 6,57,437 4,08,929 6,57,829 *Emoluments include Running Allowances.

86 NUMBER OF PERSONNEL

GROUP-WISE CATEGORY-WISE

GROUP ‘D’ OTHERS GROUP ‘C’ WORKSHOP &ARTISAN THOUSANDS GROUP ‘A’&‘B’ THOUSANDS RUNNING 1800 1800

1500 1500

1200 1200

900 900

600 600

20 300

0 0 1970-7180-81 90-9100-01 13-14 14-15 1970-7180-81 90-9100-01 13-1414-15

AVERAGE ANNUALWAGE PER EMPLOYEE

GROUP-WISE CATEGORY-WISE GROUP ‘A’&‘B’ RUNNING GROUP ‘C’ OVERALL AVERAGE ( ` ) ( ` ) OVERALL AVERAGE OTHERS 20,00,000 GROUP ‘D’ 9,00,000 WORKSHOP &ARTISAN

11,00,000 5,00,000

2,00,000 1,00,000

45,000 60,000

30,000 40,000

15,000 20,000

0 0 1970-71 80-8190-91 00-0113-14 14-15 1970-71 80-81 90-9100-01 13-1414-15

87 Productivity Linked Bonus: In 2014-15, all non-gazetted Railway employees (excluding RPF/RPSF personnel were sanctioned Productivity Linked Bonus (PLB) for 78 days. This benefitted an estimated 12,57,535 employees. Group ‘C’ and ‘D’ RPF/ RPSF personnel were sanctioned ad-hoc bonus equivalent to 30 days’ emoluments for the year 2014-15. Human Resource Development (HRD) and Manpower Planning: Human Resource Development strategies on IR have been re-oriented towards enhancing the competitiveness in the context of internal and external changes taking place. In addition to in-house training, railwaymen are being provided specialized training in other institutions in India and abroad. Railway employees are also encouraged to enhance their knowledge and skills by acquiring higher educational qualifications in the specified areas relevant to their work by granting incentives to them. Efforts are being made to improve the basic infrastructure for training to provide structured training programme in improved learning environment. Manpower planning system has been redesigned to regulate manpower intake with reference to emerging business need. Following seven Centralised Training Institutes (CTI) cater to the training needs of Indian Railway Officers: yy National Academy of Indian Railway, Vadodora. yy Indian Railways Institute of Civil Engineering, Pune. yy Indian Railways Institute of Signal Engineering and Telecommunications, Secunderabad. yy Indian Railways Institute of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Jamalpur. yy Indian Railways Institute of Electrical Engineering, Nasik. yy Indian Railways Institute of Transport Management, Lucknow. yy Jagjivan Ram Railway Protection Force Academy, Lucknow. The Centralized Training Institutes, apart from probationary training, cater to various specialised training needs of IR officers. National Academy of Indian Railway provides inputs in General Management, Strategic Management and function-related areas for serving Railway Officers. Other CTIs conduct specialised technical training courses in respective functional areas. Training programmes on Information Technology are also being conducted by the CTIs to provide solutions for information management and

88 decision support requirements. Need based special courses conducted by CTIs and facilities offered by them to trainees from abroad and non-railway organizations in India have been well appreciated. The training programmes emphasize on professional approach to learning with a purpose. In addition to in-house faculty, faculties with diverse experience in business, industry and government are utilized to relate academic concepts to practical problems to meet the changing needs arising out of technological development and social-economic transformation. Training requirements of non-gazetted staff are taken care of by over 295 Training Centres located over IR. In order to make learning more effective, training has been made mandatory at different stages for staff belonging to the safety and technical categories. Certain categories of staff overdue for refresher training are taken off from duty, till completion of the training. Efforts are constantly made to improve living conditions in the hostels, provide better mess facilities, strengthen facility for recreational and cultural activities and make good the deficiencies in respect of training aids including upgradation of the Model Rooms with working models, see through models, etc. As a policy, Board has been encouraging the setting up of multi disciplinary training centers where cross-functional competencies could be imparted to railway employees from different functional areas. During 2014-15, a total of 8,921 Gazetted Officers and 3,24,005 Non- Gazetted Staff underwent different types of training programmes. Railway Recruitment Boards: Filling up of vacancies is a matter of priority and is being actively pursued by 21 Railway Recruitment Board (RRB’s). During 2014-15, panels of 15,191 candidates have been supplied to the indenting Railway(s)/ Production Unit(s). Staff welfare: IR’s welfare schemes cover a wide spectrum of activities in the areas of education, medical care, housing, sports, recreation and catering. Staff Benefit Fund is an important channel for providing additional facilities to railway employees and their families in the spheres of education, recreation, medicare, sports, scouting and cultural activities. Dispensaries under the indigenous systems of medicine, viz. Ayurvedic and Homeopathic, are run with the help of this Fund. Approximately 44.59% staff have been provided with railway quarters

89 as on 31.03.2015, 1,518 staff quarters were electrified during 2014-15. 253 canteens served subsidized meals and refreshments to employees during the year at their work-places. Co-operative Societies of various type are engaged as a part of welfare programme for employees. Besides, 42 Thrift and Credit Societies, 152 registered Railwaymen’s Consumer Co-operative Societies, 6 Railwaymen’s Co-operative Housing Societies and 23 Labour Co-operative Societies were functional on IR during 2014-15. IR attaches due importance to recreation for its employees and provide excellent facilities through Institutes/Clubs for sports, libraries, etc. as also Holiday Homes to enable the employees and their families to enjoy holidays at nominal expenses. Indian Railway Medical Services: From a humble beginning in 1853, Indian Railway Medical Service has taken great strides to become a modern well organized three tier Comprehensive Health Care System. Indian Railway Medical Service was primarily constituted to look after the health of Railway employees. Slowly its ambit of duty expanded to include the family members of the employees, retired employees and their family members also as per pass rules. A number of Zonal Railway hospitals are recognized centres of excellence in the field of medical care where post graduate medical students are also trained. Railway Medical Officers are regular contributors to international journals & conferences in the field of Medical Science. Besides curative services Indian Railway Medical Service provides Preventive, Promotive, Occupational & Industrial health, Public health service also. It also plays a significant role in monitoring the quality of water & food within railway premises. Recent developments include:- yy Uniform drug procurement policy has been issued to the Zonal Railways. yy First in house 16-Slice CT-Scan facility commissioned at B.R. Singh Hospital on Eastern Railway. yy LIMS is introduced in Eastern Railway & North Central Railway-SMS based communication of pathological Investigation Report to Railway beneficiaries started. yy With a view to encourage the young doctors to join Railways and remain

90 in the set-up, provision of study leave has been liberalized. Now, doctors can avail the facility of study leave after completion of probation period of two years instead completion of five years of regular service stipulated earlier. yy First workshop of all Food Safety Officer, Designated Officers & IRCTC Officers held in Kolkata to improve the standard of food safety in Indian Railways in August 2015. yy Stem Cell Centre, PRTN BRC-3 patients of psoriasis treated with stem cell therapy at PRTN hospital/Western Railway with excellent result. (A)- Resources Available

No. of Hospital 125 No. of Indoor Beds 14,000 No. of Health Units/Policlinics 586 No. of Lock Up Dispensaries 92 No. of Pvt. Hospitals recognized for Medical treatment 250 (approx) (B)-Beneficiaries

No. of REHS Card Holders 5,44,750 No. of Beneficiaries 71,13,982 Performance during 2014-15

No. of patients treated in OPD 2,27,88,779 No. of patients treated as Inpatients 4,82,709 Major & Special Surgeries performed 47,389 Total Surgeries performed 1,44,005 Candidates’ pre placement Medical Examination 1,21,361 No. of employee’s periodical Examination 1,18,944 No. of Medical Boards held 3,320 No. of Railway incidents attended 31,957 Percentage of Man days lost due to sickness on RMC 1.5% No. of Passengers provided Medical Aid 31,957 No. of confinements (Deliveries) in Rly Hospitals 99,221 No. of water Samples for Bacteriological examined 69,176 No. of water Samples for Residual Chlorine examined 10,75,628 No. of Food Samples Collected under FSSA 1,506 No. of Food Samples Collected under Quality Control Departmental Check 20,783

91 Pension Adalats: Long-standing disputes or delays in the settlement of dues of superannuated railway employees are decided on the spot in Pension Adalats organized at Zonal and Divisional Headquarters level. 6,253 cases were decided in the Pension Adalats held during the year. Railway Minister’s Welfare and Relief Fund: The Fund provides financial assistance and relief to railway employees and their families in the times of distress. Voluntary contributions from the employees and Railway Women’s Welfare Organizations constitute the primary sources of the Fund. In 2014-15, a sum of ` 37,304 was received as contributions from railway employees to this Fund. Financial assistance to the tune of ` 4 lakhs was provided from this Fund during the year. Railway Schools: IR runs and manages one Degree College and 151 Railway Schools which include 89 Senior/Secondary/High Schools. These schools provide quality education at subsidized cost to about 24,068 children of railway employees and about 37,861 non-railway wards. There are 2,559 teachers and 857 non-teaching staff employed in these railway schools. IR also supports 82 Kendriya Vidyalayas for the benefit of Railway employees. Promoting Hindi among Railway Empolyees: For the convenience of Railway employees and in accordance with provisions of the Official Languages Act 1963 and the Official Language Rules 1976, promotion of usage of Hindi is a continuing endeavour on IR. Till the end of 31st March, 2015 the total number of notified Railway Offices was 3,554. In these offices, employees who are proficient in Hindi have been directed to transact cent percent work in Hindi in the subjects specified under Official Language Rules. Besides this, Official language officer of Railway Board office and Zonal railways regularly inspect the offices to monitor the implementation of Hindi. In the year 2014-15, total 1,088 inspections have been done and the second sub-committee of parliament has inspected 7 railway offices and during these inspections it has appreciated the use of Hindi in these offices. In addition to this, Grih- patrika in Hindi is also published regularly by Railway Board office. Till now, 117 editions of this patrika have been published and E-magazine is also being prepared regularly in every quarter. Grih-patrikas are also being published by Zonal Railways.

92 Training in Hindi Typewriting Stenography and Hindi Language: In addition to the Training Centres set up by the Ministry of Home Affairs, arrangements are also made by IR to provide in-service training in Hindi language, Hindi typing and Hindi stenography. The number of employees trained at the end of 2014-15are as follows:

Activity As on March 31, 2015 Working knowledge in Hindi 8,26,852 Hindi Typewriting 6,714 Hindi Stenography 3,297 Other Activities: The existing policy of purchasing bilingual electronic equipment like computers etc. is being followed. During 2014-15, 45,483 bilingual personal computers were available in various offices of Indian Railways. Websites of the Zonal Railways including Railway Board are also bilingual. In order to promote usage of Hindi in Railways offices, 924 Codes/Manuals and 6,409 Station Working Rules have been published bilingually. Besides this, 27,254 Local, Statutory and Standard forms have been made available in bilingual form in Zonal Railways, Production Units including Railway Board’s office. Presently, about 17 lakh books in Hindi are available in 1001 Hindi libraries on Indian Railways. Besides this, computerization of Hindi libraries on Railways is in full swing and this work has already been completed in libraries situated at IRISET, Secundrabad and DLW, Varanasi. Official Language Implementation Committees To review the progress of the use of Hindi, 1,037 ‘Official Language Implementation Committees’ are functioning on the Zonal Railways and Production Units etc. Besides, at the Railway Board level also ‘Railway Board Official Language Implementation Committee’ has been constituted and during the year 2014-15, its four meetings have been conducted under the chairmanship of Chairman, Railway Board. Railway Hindi Salahakar Samiti To review the progress of implementation of Hindi on all Zonal Railways and the Ministry of Railways, ‘Railway Hindi Salahakar Samiti’ was constituted under the Chairmanship of Hon’ble Minister for Railways. The main purpose of this Samiti is to give suggestions regarding the implementation of Hindi.

93 Incentive Schemes for the use of Hindi Various incentive schemes have been implemented to encourage Railway personnel to work in Hindi. Prominent among them are the ‘Individual Cash Awards Scheme,’ ‘Group Award Scheme’, ‘Railway Minister Shield/Trophy Scheme’, ‘Prem Chand and Maithili Sharan Gupt Award Scheme’, ‘Rail Yatra Vritant Scheme’ and other Schemes for Elocution/Noting/Drafting in Hindi. Under the scheme of ‘Rail Yatra Vritant Puruskar’ three best writers have been awarded cash awards. Besides this, among those higher officers of Zonal Railways, who have given their best and exemplary services for the increase of progressive use of Hindi in their field, one General Manager has been awarded cash award. ‘Kamlapati Tripathi Rajbhasha Swarn Padak’ and 30 ‘Rajat Padak’ have also been awarded to higher officers. 5 officers/ employees of Railway Board and 6 writers/poets under ‘Premchand’/Maithili Sharan Gupt Award Scheme’ and ‘Lal Bahadur Shastri Original Technical Books Writing Scheme’ have been awarded cash award. Besides this, in oder to increase the progressive use of Hindi during “Rajbhasha Fortnight” which was organized from 08.09.2014 to 19.09.2014 in Ministry of Railways, various programmes like Hindi Workshops, Table- training, Anuwad Sarlikaran Workshop, Essay, Elocution and Noting & Drafting competitions were organized. ‘Akhil Rail Hindi Natyotsav’ was also organized in South Central Railway, Secunderabad from 25.08.2014 to 27.08.2014 in which 21 teams of various Railways /Workshops participated. It is also mentioned that year 2014 has remained very prestigious for Ministry of Railways. In this year Ministry of Railways has been awarded Second Prize under the scheme of “INDIRA GANDHI RAJBHASHA SHIELD” puruskar by Hon’ble President Shri Pranab Mukherjee. Outstanding Achievements in Sports At International Level In Commonwealth Games 2014 at Glasgow, Scotland from 23rd July to 3rd August, 2014: The contribution of Railway sportspersons in the Country’s medal tally in the Commonwealth Games, held at Glasgow, Scotland 23rd July to 3rd August, 2014, has been significant. Out of total 64 Medals won by India, Railway bagged 9 Medals. The performance of Railway weightlifters and wrestlers in particular has been remarkable. They have contributed two Gold, one silver and two Bronze Medals.

94 Asian Games 2014 at Incheon (Korea) from 19th September to 4th October, 2014: The contribution of Railway sportspersons in the Country’s medal tally in the Asian Games 2014 at Incheon (Korea) from 19th September to 4th October, 2014, was also remarkable. Out of total 57 Medals won by India, Railway bagged 12 Medals. The performance of Railway Athletes and Hockey members, in particular has been remarkable. They have contributed four Gold, three Silver and five Bronze Medals. In the AIBA Women World Boxing Championship held at Juju Islands, Korea from 13th to 25th November, 2014, Railway secured second place to win Silver Medal in the 48 kg Weight Category. At National Level During 2014-15, Indian Railway team won National titles in 17 sports disciplines and stood runners-up in 08. National titles in Men’s section were for Aquatics, Kho-Kho, Powerlifting, Wrestling (Free Style), Volleyball, Hockey, Gymnastic, Weightlifting (Men). In women’s section titles won were for Athletics, Aquatics (Diving), Cricket (T-20), Cricket (One Day), Cross Country (8 Kms.), Kabaddi, Powerlifting, Volleyball and Hockey. The following Railway Sports persons have been honoured with the Arjun Award during 2015-16 :-

S.No. Name Game Railway i) Shri Mandeep Jangra Boxing Northern Railway ii) Shri Manjeet Chhillar Kabaddi Northern Railway iii) Shri S. Sathish Kumar Weightlifting Southern Railway iv) Shri Bajrang Wrestling Northern Railway

95 Finance

IR’s financial results for 2014-15 compared with the previous year are tabulated below:

( ` in crore) 2013-14 2014-15 Capital-at-Charge 1,70,168.35* 1,97,991.80** Investment from Capital Fund 38,675.93 44,125.17 Total 2,08,844.28 2,42,116.97 Passenger Earnings 36,532.25 42,189.61 Other Coaching Earnings 3,678.52 3,997.89 Goods Earnings 93,905.63 1,05,791.34 Sundry Earnings 5,721.30 5,092.74 Gross Earnings 1,39,837.70 1,57,071.58 Suspense (-) 279.52 (-)361.04 Gross Traffic Receipts 1,39,558.18 1,56,710.54 Ordinary Working Expenses 97,570.76 1,05,995.88 Appropriation to Depreciation Reserve Fund 7,900.00 7,775.00 Appropriation to Pension Fund 24,850.00 29,225.00 Total Working Expenses 1,30,320.76 1,42,995.88 Net Traffic Receipts 9,237.42 13,714.66 Misc ellaneous Transactions 2,511.65 3,123.83 Net Revenue Receipts 11,749.07 16,838.49 Dividend payable to General Revenues $ 8,008.67 9,173.55 Excess (+)/Shortfall (-) 3,740.40 7,664.94 Percentage of Net Revenue to Capital-at-Charge 5.63 6.95 (including investment from Capital Fund) Operating Ratio (%age) 93.60 91.25 Capital-at-Charge (incl. investment from Capital 280 317 Fund) per NTKM (in paise) * Excludes ` 9,552.08 crore of MTPs, ` 512.77 crore of Circular Railways and ` 9,513.05 crore of Udhampur-Srinagar-Baramulla Project (National Project) and ` 11,954.00 crore of appropriation to SRSF and includes `13,802.45 crore of Production Units. ** Excludes ` 10535.01 crore of MTPs, ` 532.80 crore of Circular Railways and ` 10,807.47 crore of Udhampur-Srinagar-Baramulla Project (National Project) and ` 11,954.00 crore of appropriation to SRSF and includes ` 16,078.34 crore of Production Units. $ Includes payment in lieu of Passenger Fare Tax of ` 23.12 crore and Contribution to Railway Safety Fund of ` 2.61 crore during 2013-14 and 2014-15.

96 Revenue: Revenue from Freight accounted for 67.35% of Gross Earnings. Passenger Earnings constituted 26.86% of the Gross Earnings, of which 5.91% was from Suburban Services, 81.25 % from Express Long distance and 12.84 % from Ordinary Short Distance traffic. Bulk freight like coal, ores, iron & steel, cement, foodgrains, fertilizers, POL products, limestone, dolomite, stones other than marble, salt and sugar contributed 89.38 % of the total goods earnings, while commodities other than the above accounted for 8.07%. Miscellaneous realization like demurrage, wharfage, shunting and siding charges etc. made up the remaining 2.54%. Balance Sheet: A brief summary of the Balance Sheet as on 31st March, 2015 compared with the previous year is given below: (` in crore) As on As on Variation 31.3.2014 31.3.2015 Assets Block Assets 3,24,662.40 3,68,758.21 44,095.81 Funds with Central Government (i) Reserve Funds 6,025.26 6,872.74 847.48 (ii) Banking Accounts 40,562.10 47,462.72 6,900.62 Sundry Debtors 3,507.49 4,022.50 515.01 Cash in hand 1,273.37 1,930.41 657.04 Total 3,76,030.62 4,29,046.58 53,015.96 Liabilities Represented by: Capital-at-Charge 1,79,681.40* 2,08,799.27** 29,117.87 Investment financed from internal 1,44,981.00 1,59,958.94 14,977.94 resources. Total (i) 3,24,662.40 3,68,758.21 44,095.81 Reserve Funds 6,025.26 6,872.74 847.48 Total (ii) 6,025.26 6,872.74 847.48 Banking Accounts i) Provident Fund 28,108.84 29,855.44 1,746.60 ii) Miscellaneous Deposits etc. 12,278.52 17,461.84 5,183.32 iii) Loan and Advances 174.74 145.44 -29.30 Total (iii) 40,562.10 47,462.72 6,900.62 Sundry Creditors etc. (iv) 4,780.86 5,952.91 1,172.05 Total (i) to (iv) 3,76,030.62 4,29,046.58 53,015.96 *  Excludes ` 9,552.08 crore of MTPs, ` 512.77 crore of Circular Railway and ` 11,954.00 crore appropriation to SRSF and includes ` 9,513.05 crore of Udhampur-Srinagar- Baramulla Project (National Project). ** Excludes ` 10,535.01 crore of MTPs, ` 532.80 crore of Circular Railway and ` 11,954.00 crore appropriation to SRSF and includes ` 10,807.47 crore of Udhampur-Srinagar- Baramulla Project (National Project).

97 Cash Flow: 2014-15 ( in crore) Acquisition of new assets and replacement of existing assets: Acquisition of new assets and improvement element in 42,793.30 replacement of assets 45,377.46 Like by like replacement of assets 2,584.16 Interest on loans, repayment of loans and increase/decrease in Reserve Funds Interest on Development Fund loan 0.00 Repayment of loan for Development Fund 0.00 848.03 Increase (+)/ Decrease (-) in Funds balances 848.03 Payment for Accident Compensation 0.00 Total 46,225.49 Finance for these requirements was provided from the following sources: Internal sources: Contribution from Revenue/Capital to fund and interest 9,238.16 occruing on the balances of the fund. Development Fund financed from Surplus 1,374.94 Development Fund financed from General Revenue 0.00 Capital Fund financed from surplus 6,233.36 Capital Fund financed from Railway Revenue (for capital component of IRFC lease charges) 0.00 13,637.66 Railway Safety Fund financed from surplus 0.00 Railway Safety Fund financed from General 1,498.61 Revenues(from Central Road Safety Fund) Debt Service Fund financed from Surplus 56.64 Spl. Railway Safety Fund financed from General 0.00 Revenues Open Line Works financed direct from Revenue 0.00 Cash Surplus in Working Results 7,664.95 Appropriation to Development Fund -1,374.94 Appropriation to Capital Fund -6,233.36 Appropriation to Railway Safety Fund 0.00 Appropriation to Debt service fund -56.64 Borrowing from General Revenues (excluding MTPs)* 27,823.77 Total: 46,225.49 * Excludes 982.94 crore (MTP), 20.03 crore Circular Railway and 1,294.42 crore Udhampur –Srinagar-Baramulla Project and includes 2,275.90 crore of PUs.

98 With a view to reduce the burden on common man passenger fares and freight rates on products for mass consumption were kept low. The gap between the unit revenue and increase in input costs is given below: (Base 2004-05=100) 2013-14 2014-15 Revenue Cost Revenue Cost Index Index Index Index Unit Revenue: Average receipt per pkm 134.8 153.9 Average receipt per ntkm 183.8 202.1 Inputs: Average annual wage per employee @ 370.3* 416 Diesel (H.S.D.) 217.8 223.3 Electricity ( Railway traction) 150.6 157.6 Transport equipment and parts 134.5 136.2 Non ferrous metals 164.0 168.6 Electrical machinery, equipment & battery 136.6 138.6 Lub. Oil 259.5 271.8 Manufactured products 151.5 155.1 Ferrous metals (Ferro Alloys) 154.9 155.6 Composite weighted index of inputs 281.4 308.9 @ based on Annual Statistical Statement No.40 * revised

NET REVENUE AND DIVIDEND UNIT RECOVERY VS UNIT OF INPUT COST

COMPOSITE WEIGHTED INDEXOFINPUTS NET REVENUE RATE PER NTKM DIVIDEND RATE PER PKM (C` r.) 2004-05=100 17500 350

308.9

14000 300 281.4

253.1 10500 250

223.3

202.1 7000 200 197.6 183.8 175.4

153.9 3500 150 135.6 134.8 129.6 124.8 119.0 113.1 116.4 110.1 107.1 0 100 1970-7180-81 90-9100-01 13-1414-15 2004-05 -08 -11 -12 -13 -14 -15

99 Social Service Obligation

Indian Railways (IR), carries out certain transport activities which are essentially uneconomic in nature in the larger interest of the economically disadvantaged sections of the society. Losses incurred on this account fall under Social Service Obligation of IR. Net Social Service Obligation borne by IR in 2014-15 is assessed at ` 25,346.94 crore excluding staff welfare cost (` 4,797.50 crore) and law and order cost (` 3,415.43 crore). These costs impinge upon the viability of Indian Railways system. Elements of Social Service Obligation: The main elements of Social Service Obligation in IR are losses relating to: Essential Commodities carried below cost; Passenger and Other Coaching services; Operation of Uneconomic Branch Lines; New Lines opened for Traffic during the last 15 years. Losses on transportation of Essential Commodities carried below cost: As part of the Railways’ Social Service Obligation, certain essential commodities of mass consumption like fruits and vegetables, sugarcane, paper, charcoal, bamboos, cotton raw pressed etc. are carried below cost of operation in order to contain their market prices. The total losses on the movement of these commodities in 2014-15 amounted to ` 68.92 crore.

Commodities Losses (` in crore ) Fruit &Vegetables 33.71 Bamboos 12.87 Charcol 7.08 Paper 5.36 Other Woods 4.87 Cotton Raw pressed Cotton Manufactured other than 2.54 Piece goods 1.29 Sugar Cane 0.61 Glass Wares 0.53 Brick Tiles 0.03 Fire Wood & Other Fuel 0.03 Total 68.92

100 These commodities constituted 0.71% of the total revenue NTKMs and 0.31 % of freight earnings in the year 2014-15. Losses on Passenger and Other Coaching services: Analysis of the profitability of Coaching Services in 2014-15 has revealed an overall loss of ` 33,490.95 crore to which net suburban losses in Chennai, Kolkata, Mumbai and Secunderabad provided with EMU and Non-EMU services contributed ` 4,755.62 crore. While the lag in the rise of passenger fares with respect to inflationary pressures prevalent in the economy has contributed to coaching losses, other factors have also exacerbated the situation which include Low Second Class Ordinary Fares in both suburban & non suburban Passenger Services: These journeys constitute 79.5% of total traffic but provide only 17.9% of total passenger earnings. Suburban Non-Suburban Total (Suburban & Non- Suburban) Total (all IInd. % Total (all IInd. % Total (all IInd. % Classes) Class age Classes) Class age Classes) Class age Ordinary Ordinary Ordinary No. of Passengers 4,505.03 4,230.17 93.9 3,719.08 2,304.34 62.0 8,224.11 6,534.51 79.5 (in million) Passenger Earnings 2,493.22 2,135.59 85.7 3,9696.39 5,415.17 13.6 42,189.61 7,550.76 17.9 (` in crore) (ii) Non-Suburban commuters availing Season Ticket concessions up to a distance of 150 kilometres. These journeys constituted 21.7% of Non- Suburban Traffic but provide 1.2% of Non-Suburban passenger earnings only.

Non-Suburban Total (All Classes) Season Tickets % age No. of Passengers (in million) 3,719.08 808.63 21.7 Passenger Earnings (` in crore) 39,696.39 474.64 1.2 (iii) Commuters availing concession Monthly and Quarterly Season Tickets on Suburban Sections of Chennai, Kolkata, Mumbai and Secunderabad. Journeys performed by passengers holding season tickets formed 60.7% of Suburban Traffic but provide 41.3% of Suburban passenger earnings only.

101 Suburban Total (All Classes) Season Tickets % age No. of Passengers 4505.03 2733.64 60.7 (in million) Passenger Earnings 2493.22 1028.77 41.3 (` in crore) (iv) Concessions in Fare extended to various categories such as (i) Senior citizens (ii) Recipients of gallantry awards (iii) National sports awards (iv) Participants in National and State sports tournaments (v) Teachers honored with National awards (vi) Shram awardees (vii) War widows (viii) Patients suffering from cancer, tuberculosis and other serious diseases (ix) Handicapped persons (x) Press correspondents (xi) Film technicians etc. (v) Concessions are also extended to (i) Military traffic (ii) Postal traffic (iii) Transportation of registered newspapers & magazines etc. and (iv) Traffic to the North East. IR also steps in to provide emergency relief by transporting materials like food, water, fodder etc. to areas affected by natural disasters like drought, cyclone, earthquake etc. Compensation for Social Service Obligations in Other Countries: Railways, the world over, are called upon to meet certain public service obligations at lower tariffs for which they are adequately compensated for by the Government. Such support is provided in various forms and for different purposes like: (i) Compensation for losses on account of concessional tariffs; (ii) Out-right grant to cover deficits; (iii) Soft loans to meet the deficits; (iv) Financial support to maintain viability of the system and to earn marginal profits; (v) Writing off of accumulated debts and unproductive capital; and (vi) Support for investment and infrastructure maintenance. Indian Railways incur losses every year by performing a variety of unremunerative services. These losses are mostly due to (a) Low ordinary second class fare (b) Suburban and non-suburban season fare (c) A variety of concessions granted on passenger ticket and (d) Transportation of certain commodities below cost. Working of uneconomic branch lines, too, imposes a heavy burden on IR’s finances. A gap is thus created between the revenue income generated through these services and their running costs.

102 The Net Social Service Obligation borne by IR in 2014-15 assessed at ` 25346.94 crore, constitutes 16.1% of the total revenue earnings and 17.7% of the total working expenditure. Uneconomic Branch Lines: Despite concerted efforts to enhance earnings on branch lines, most of such lines remain commercially unviable. The Railway Reforms Committee recommended closure of 40 such lines but due to stiff public resistance and opposition of State Governments towards withdrawal of such services, only 15 lines have been closed permanently by the Railways. A review of the financial results of existing 96 uneconomic branch lines for the year 2014-15 shows that, on an original investment on these lines of the order of ` 3,741 crore, loss during the year 2014-15 amounted to ` 2,056 crore. New lines opened for traffic during the last 15 years: The Railway Convention Committee (RCC) in its 9th Report on this subject has noted that in the present state of Railway finances and prevalent high costs of construction, the Railways are not in a position to inject adequate capital investment in under-developed areas. Therefore, they have felt that reliefs like making available land free of cost and waiver of dividend payment on such lines for a minimum period of twenty years are justified. Periodic reviews have revealed that of the 17 lines examined in 2014-15, as part of Social Service Obligations of the Railways for development of backward areas, all lines are showing either negative or unremunerative returns. FINANCIAL RESULTS OF NEW LINES FOR THE YEAR 2014-15

S.No Name of the branch Date of Cost Expected Actual return on line opening (` in return on investment crore) investment

(%) 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 (%) (%) (%)

Developmental Lines

1 Lanjigarh- 11.8.2012 260.32 2 -3.65 -5.56 -5.75 Bhawanipatna-Junagarh (BG) 54.5 Kms.

2 Abohar-Fazilka (BG) 34 16.7.2012 232.48 -7.44 NA NA -14 Kms.

3 Taran Trn-Govindwal 06.8.2011 81.44 NA NA NA -25 (BG) 21.416 Kms.

103 S.No Name of the branch Date of Cost Expected Actual return on line opening (` in return on investment crore) investment

(%) 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 (%) (%) (%)

4 Ludhiana-Sahnewal 17.11.2012 287.01 -2.26 NA NA -5 (BG) 15.11 Kms.

5 Udhampur-SVDK (BG) 04.7.2014 1231.09 NA -- -- 0.44 25 Kms

6 Jammu Tawi-Udhampur 2004 521.00 0.50 NA NA -2.92 (BG) 53 Kms.

7 Banihal-Baramula (BG) 26.6.2013 4,917.00 -1.30 -- NA -2 13.7 Kms.

8 Churaru Takrala-Amb 2011-12 219.60 0.18 NA NA -5 Andaura (BG) 11.17 Kms.

9 New Morinda-Sahnewal 2013-14 708.41 -2.26 -- -- -8 (BG) 52.18 Kms.

10 Chandigarh-Morinda 2006-07 309.52 -2.26 NA NA -17 (BG) 43.89 Kms.

11 Una Himachal-Churaru 2005-06 329.41 0.18 NA NA -6 Takrala (BG) 16.5 Kms.

12 Rewari-Jhajjar-Rohtak 08.1.2013 29.50 -4.78 -- NA -15 (BG) 81.257 Kms.

13 Kolayat-Phalodi 2006-07 170.77 -3.06 -13.44 -13.14 -14.64 (BG)112Kms.

14 Madar-Pushkar (BG) 23.1.2012 1.32 -4.06 NA NA -123.29 25.7 Kms.

15 Kakinada-Kotipalli (BG) 13.5.2005 153.58 19.87 -7.00 -1.00 -7 44.7 Kms.

16 Penukonda- 2002 64.50 14.14 -37.80 -39.98 -55 Dharmavaram via Puttaparthi (BG) 53 Kms.

17 Chikkabanavara- 2002 77.70 NA NA NA -11.91 Nelamangala (BG) 14 Kms.

104 Research and Development

RDSO is the sole R&D organisation of Indian Railways(IR) and functions as the technical advisor to Railway Board, Zonal Railways and Production Units. One of the major roles that RDSO has played is that of developing and maintaining standards and specifications which ensure that all different technologies are able to work together as a system, in turn making it possible for IR to operate seamlessly without any technology limitations. RDSO also offers international consultancy services in matters pertaining to design, testing and inspection of railway equipments as well as survey for construction of new lines. The significant accomplishments of RDSO in the sphere of research & development have always attracted worldwide attention. Some of the important activities and projects undertaken/completed by RDSO during the year 2014-15 are given below: Safety: yy Development of Radio Based Advance Warning System(RBAWS) for Unmanned Level Crossing yy Specification of Brake Interface Unit (BIU) for Train Collision yy Avoidance System and Distributed Power Control System for locomotives fitted with IRAB Class of Brake System yy Modification Sheet for relocation of horn from roof mounted to near the head light in ALCO class of Diesel Electric Locomotives for field trials yy Development of specification for Loco Cab Video and Voice Recording System for Diesel Electric Loco yy Mod Sheet for disabling Vigilance Control Device (VCD) reset through VCD reset push button from the non-working control stand/desk of single cab Diesel Electric Locomotives (ALCO and HHP Loco) yy Provision of Additional Spring Catcher to prevent the main raising spring to fly off in case of breakage of spring for High Speed Pantograph Type IRO3H yy Safety against fire in IR coaches yy Safety at Unmanned Level Crossing- provision of hoarding to warn road users yy Development of Crashworthy Design of Coach

105 yy Drawing and Speed Certificate for transportation of 20 rail panel loaded in five tiers on End Unloading Rake Passenger Amenities: yy Development of Double Decker Coach Design yy Development of integrated Passenger Information System (PIS) for Mainline and EMU Coaches Roof Mounted Ventilation Units (RMVUs) for 3-Phase AC EMU of MRVC Phase-II project for Mumbai Sub-urban Services yy Development of Hotel Load Converter yy On-Board Wireless Public Address System yy Code of practice for improved passenger amenities to be provided at Adarsh Stations on IR yy Energy Audit Manual for IR Infrastructure: yy Wagon to carry bulldozer for Accident Relief yy Investigation of ballastless track problems in tunnels on Konkan Railway yy Development of high rise OHE yy STT-49 maintenance schedule of MTRC system for GSM-R yy TAN for providing Short Message Services (SMS) in existing GSM-R network of IR yy Thermo-shrink jointing kit for Quad Cable yy Remote Unmanned Data Logger yy 128 channels DAQ system for Stress Investigation Test Operational Efficiency: yy Detailed oscillation and EBD trial of 3-coach HS-SPART (with voith transmission) up to maximum speed of 135 kmph on track maintained to C&M-I, Vol.-1 Standard yy Design & development of 1400/1600hp fuel efficient Multi Gen Set WDS6G locomotive for shunting yy Development of specification for 2200hp Diesel Engine for DMUs over IR yy Running trial of 16 LHB AC-CC coaches with 2 Hotel Load HHP locomotives without power car yy Specification for 4500/5000 HP Dual Mode locomotive for passenger service yy Preparation of draft specification for Dual Mode Goods Locomotive

106 yy Development of Microprocessor controlled Brakes System (Type ILS- EIR12) for the 3-phase Electric Locomotive yy Design & development of 7,775 KVA transformer with two separate winding and up rated hotel load capacity yy Alternate Drive Gear System suitable for 200 kmph yy New Insulation Scheme used for EMU/MEMU (Type-4601) yy Approval of modified design of DE Bearing (NU2236 of M/s FAG) yy Development of V-Belt driven PM alternator for LHB and Conventional Coaches yy Development of High Capacity Power Car for 24 coach operation of Rajdhani/Shatabadi trains yy Introduction of EMU train sets yy Design & development of 25T open wagon yy Design & development of 25T container flat wagon yy Development of Low Weight-Low Height(LWLH) Bogie (25Tons axle load) yy Development and patenting of higher capacity steel coil carrying flat wagon of 22.9T axle load capacity yy Modification and improvement in the design of Heat Treated Welded Crossing Indigenous Development: yy Improvement in ride quality and speed potential of WDG5 locomotives yy Design & development of HTSC Mark-I light weight cast truck frame for EMD locomotive yy Design modification of HTSC FAB-II fabricated bogie frame for HHP locomotives yy HTSC fabricated bogie frame with TBU application for HHP locomotives yy Design & development of Cast ALCO Engine Block yy Development of indigenous vendor for ‘Bearings for Traction Motor, ALCO Locomotives-(NU328 & NH318 Rivetless)’ yy Development of indigenous vendor for ‘Auxiliary Generator for EMD Locomotives’ yy Special Purpose Wagon for transportation of salt yy Developments in Auto Car Wagons (BCACBM) yy Development of CBC with balanced Draft Gear yy Design & development of air spring at secondary suspension stage of bogie in IR

107 yy Development of air spring for LHB coaches yy Amendment of the specification for Power Saver in lighting system for IR yy Amendment of the specification for Stand Alone Solar Photovoltaic LED based street lighting system for Level Crossing Gates yy Amendment of the specification for fault tolerant Uninterrupted Power Supply (UPS) system for PRS, EDP centers and other similar requirements yy Standardization of drawing for Automatic Banner Flag on Manned Level Crossing yy Development of 1:10 Movable Switch Diamond yy Rail Free Fastening System (RFFS) of RDSO’s design yy Development of Rail Free Fastening System, Development of two types of indigenous EMUs with better safety features, better passenger comfort and energy efficient technology yy Key Features of the indigenous EMU with roof mounted Ventilation Units yy Development of light weight Push Trolley Inspection and Quality Audit: yy Streamlining the procedure of approval of Quality Assurance Plan (QAP) for Mobile Flash But Welding Plants yy Checklist for inspection of AT Welding and USFD testing in the field Consultancy: yy During the year, nine (9) Consultancy Reports/Inspection Reports have been issued to Zonal Railways for various track-formation related problems at different locations Tests and Trials: yy Field Trial of Low Lube Oil Power Assembly (LLOPA) for HHP Locomotives : To overcome problems of Zonal Railways regarding the failures of power assembly components viz. cylinder liner, piston valve and reported high lube oil consumption (LOC), on the directions of RDSO, M/s GE have developed Low Lube Oil Power Assembly (LLOPA) to enhance reliability and to reduce lube oil consumption. yy High Speed Trial of Train : High speed trial of train at 160 kmph utilizing 3-phase WAP5 electric loco was carried out between New Delhi to Agra on 03.07.2014. Trial was carried out to verify all parameters of safety and compliance of all was found within limit. This was the highest speed recorded by a train in the country. yy Speed Certificate of WAP-5(MU): Final speed certificate no.SD.WAP5.11 for operation of 2WAP5 (MU) class of locomotive up to a maximum

108 speed of 160 kmph with single pantograph working on track maintained to C&M–I vol-I standard has been issued. yy To address the problem regarding fitment of CCB Panel in-fringing scavenging blower mounting assembly, performance tests were conducted of the modified CCB system and results were found within specified limit and the installation drawing of the modified CCB has been approved yy Three Phase Propulsion System for EMU: Subsequent to successful introduction of 115, 12car AC-DC energy efficient 3-phase AC EMUs in Central & Western Railway under MRVC Phase-I project, 72 new AC EMU rakes with State of the Art Technology with regeneration of more than 30% will be introduced under MRVC Phase-II project during the year 2014-15 & 2015-16. IGBT based microprocessor controlled; three phase propulsion & other equipment for this project are being supplied by M/s Bombardier. After successful completion of test & trials, two prototype rakes have been put into commercial services and performing satisfactorily from the date of inception in services i.e. 18.03.2015. yy Track Recording as per stipulated frequency: Track Machines directorate monitors the health of the track on IR through Track Recording Cars and sends the details to concerned Zonal Railways so that the track can be attended to timely, thus reducing failures during service. In the year 2014-15, total 1,11,477 kms. has been recorded while during the year 2013-14, a total of 85,589 track Kms was recorded by Track Recording Cars. Two high speed laser contact less sensor based Track Recording Cars(TRCs)capable of recording rail wear alongwith track geometry parameters serving at maximum speed of 160 kmph have been procured for monitoring health of IR track at high speed. yy Trials to assess the riding behavior of Rolling Stock: RDSO has conducted various trials to assess the riding behavior of rolling stock for safe running. Such trials are conducted on all new designs of rolling stock as well as all major design modifications affecting safety of running. Some are given as: yy AC EMU MRVC Phase-II coaches with M/s Bombardier electrics yy Three coach high speed “SPART” with two power packs manufactured by ICF, Chennai fitted with Voith transmission yy 1600 hp HHP DEMU coaches fitted with pneumatic suspension at secondary stage manufactured by ICF Chennai yy BOXN HL wagon to RDSO Drg. No. Wd-05086-s-02 alt.8 having axle load of 22.90 ton fitted with Non Metallic MS-25 side bearers/ spring

109 loaded side bearers to Drg. no.WD-12008-s/1WAG5 Taochi converted locomotive yy 25 tonne axle load broad gauge bogie open wagon type “GONDOLA 25” Emergency braking distance trials of : yy WDG4D (dual cab) loco on BRC-ST section yy WDG5 loco on BRC-ST section yy WDP4DD loco on DD-MMR section yy 12 LHB coaches with WAP5 loco at 160 kmph yy AC EMU MRVC phase-II coaches with M/s Bomabardier electrics yy 3 coach High speed SPART with two power packs Squeeze load test of: yy BRN (22.9t) BMBS wagon yy BLC “B” wagon manufactured by Golden Rock Workshop, Trichy, yy BCNHL Wagon (Design–E) by M/s Jindal Rail Infrastructure Limited, Vadodara. yy BOXNHL Wagon by M/s Amtek Railcar Industries Pvt Ltd. Sadhugarh, Punjab Coupler Force trials: yy 21 air braked LHB type coaches fitted with EP assist brake system yy 12 car AC EMU MRVC Phase-II (4 units) fitted with M/s Bombardier Electrics yy Coupler force trial of 24 ICF loaded coaches and Controllability, EBD & coupler force trials of 58 BOXN loaded wagon in Lumbding- Silchar section Metro stock: yy Oscillation and EBD trials of Jaipur Metro Rail Corporation Ltd. (JMRCL) coaches yy Oscillation and EBD trials of Chennai Metro Rail Ltd. (CMRL) coaches yy Oscillation and EBD trials of Hyderabad Metro Rail Ltd. (HMRL) coaches yy Various trials have been conducted successfully for improving passenger amenities on rakes / stocks are given as:

110 Longitudinal jerk trials of: yy Train comprising of 24 AC/Non AC coaches hauled by WDP4 loco over Lucknow-New Delhi yy Train comprising of 24 AC/Non AC coaches hauled by WDP4B loco over Lucknow-New Delhi yy Duronto express (12220 &12219 ) hauled by WDM3D locomotive over Secundrabad –Lokmanya Tilak terminus-Secundrabad upto a maximum speed of 110 kmph yy Ahmedabad -Ajmer Intercity Express rake of LHB coaches over Ahmedabad-Gandhidham yy Delhi-JammuTawi Express of LHB coaches yy Mumbai –New Delhi LHB Rajdhani rake hauled by WAP5 locomotive upto a maximum speed of 130 kmph Conduct of various trials to improve Operational Efficiency: yy Haulage capacity controllability and EBD trials of 8 wheeler self- propelled overhead (OHE) inspection car (DETC/US) manufactured by ICF Chennai over Palakkad-Podanur section yy Dynamometer Car tests to prove Tractive effort/Braking effort/ Speed characteristics of WAG9H locomotive having IGBT based propulsion system of M/S MEDHA over Dornakal-Karepalli-Bhadrachalam Road section yy Vibration testing of WDP4D class of locomotive up to maximum test speed of 105 kmph on Lucknow-Sultanpur section of Northern Railway yy Oscillation trials, Coupler force, Negotiability, Emergency Braking Distance and Service Braking trials of EUR rake composed of 21 BRN/BRNA/BRNAHS wagons carrying total 60 rail panels of 260 m length each loaded in 5 layers and one 8-wheeler covered wagon over Daund-Manmad section Route clearance study trials: yy Rake of 10 nos. of coaches on Kacheguda-Guntur- Kacheguda- Tirupati section yy Rake of 10 nos. of coaches and 02 nos. of LHB generator van on Lokmanya Tilak Terminal and Madgaon section yy Rake of 14 nos. of coaches with 03 LHB Power car between Kacheguda-Vijayawada section yy Rake of 14 nos. of coaches with 03 LHB Power car between

111 Kacheguda–Guntur and Kacheguda-Tirupati section yy Rake of 12 nos. of coaches with 02 LHB Generator vans hauled by a single WDP4B diesel locomotive between Lucknow-Anand Vihar section Confirmatory Oscillograph Car run of : yy New Delhi-Lucknow Shatabdi Express at 160 kmph yy Rajendranagar-New Delhi Rajdhani express rake fitted with M/s Faiveley make centre buffer couplers and Floating plate type draft gear hauled by WAP4 locomotive. yy 12 LHB AC EOG coaches fitted with “H” type tight lock Couplers in Shatabdi Express and similar trains over New Delhi-Agra section yy Validation of draft gear modelling and comfort criteria in New Delhi- Lucknow Shatabdi Express during its service run yy Testing of Brake interface unit for TCAS loco interface developed by M/s Kernex, Hyderabad in Air Brake laboratory. yy Haulage capacity, controllability and EBD Trial, of ‘8-Wheeler Self- propelled Overhead Equipment (OHE) Inspection Car’, with double engine version, manufactured by M/s BEML, fitted with all Coil BEML Bogie alongwith two vehicles (having maximum gross load of 65 tonne), upto maximum test speed of 65 kmph, over Palghat – Podanur Section of Southern Railway, have been successfully completed, during 15.06.2014 to 30.06.2014. yy Track monitoring runs are conducted every six months of four Rajdhani routes i.e New Delhi- Chennai, New Delhi- Mumbai and New Delhi-Howrah to ensure operational efficiency and passenger comfort. Track Monitoring runs of New Delhi-Agra is conducted every four months at the maximum speed of 150 kmph.

112 Undertakings and other Organizations

As many as 16 Public Sector Undertakings and other Organizations are functioning under the Ministry of Railways, as detailed below:-

S.No. Name Year of Incor- Core competence poration/ Inception

1. RITES 1974 To design, establish, provide, operate, maintain and perform engineering, technical and consultancy services for development of projects/ systems of all types and descriptions pertaining to Railways and Other Sectors/Industries in India and outside India.

2. IRCON 1976 To undertake construction activities in India and INTERNATIONAL abroad on turnkey basis or otherwise in various fields of infrastructure like Railways, Bridges, Roads, Highways, Industrial and Residential Complexes, Airports, etc.

3. CRIS 1986 To provide consultancy and IT services to IR as partners to conceptualize and realize technology initiatives, to build new products or services and to implement prudent business and technology strategies.

4. IRFC 1986 To raise funds from the market to part finance the Plan Outlay of IR.

5. CONCOR 1988 To develop multi-modal logistics support for India’s international and domestic containerized cargo and trade.

6. KRCL 1990 To construct and operate railway lines, construct Road Over Bridges and rail line projects.

7. RCIL (RailTel) 2000 To utilize the surplus telecom capacity and right of way available with the IR to build nationwide optical fibre cable based broadband telecom and multimedia network.

8. IRCTC 2001 To undertake catering and tourism activities of the Railways. Also facilitates internet ticketing through its website.

9. PRCL 2001 To execute the Surendranagar-Rajula-Pipavav Port gauge conversion and new line projects in Gujarat.

10. RVNL 2003 To create and augment the capacity of rail infrastructure. To mobilize resources mainly through multilateral/bilateral funding agencies and also through domestic market for successful implementation of projects.

113 11. RLDA 2005 To develop vacant railway land for commercial use for the purpose of generating revenue by non- tariff measures for IR.

12. DFCCIL 2006 To plan and construct Dedicated Rail Freight Corridors (DFCs) for movement of freight trains on the corridors.

13. MRVC 1999 To plan and implement rail projects in the Mumbai Metropolitan Region

14. BWEL 1978 To manufacture wagons and undertake structural (In MOR from fabrication jobs. 2008)

15. BSCL 1976 To manufacture Railway Rolling Stock. (In MOR from 2010)

16. BCL 1976 To manufacture wagons, undertake structural (In MOR from fabrication jobs and manufacturing, retrofitting of 2010) EOT crane.

Rail India Technical and Economic Services Limited (RITES): RITES, a Mini Ratna Enterprise, Schedule ‘A’ and an ISO 9001- 2008 certified multidisciplinary organisation of consultants, engineers and project managers in transport and infrastructure sectors, offers comprehensive services from concept to commissioning in railways, urban transport, highways, bridges, tunnels, ports, inland waterways, airports, ropeways, institutional buildings, renewable energy and export packages of rolling stock and railway related equipment. It has operational experience of 40 years in over 60 countries of SAARC, ASEAN, Africa, Latin America and Middle East region. RITES provides the services for feasibility, design and detailed engineering, multi-modal transport studies, project management construction supervision, quality assurance, materials management, workshop management, operation and maintenance, system engineering, financial evaluation, financing plan and privatisation, railway electrification, signalling and telecommunication, environmental impact assessment, training and human resource development. It has entered into new arenas– metro projects, leasing of locomotives, dedicated freight corridors, logistics parks, smart cities and green energy sectors. It has recognition by multi-lateral funding agencies- the World Bank, Asian Development Bank, UNDP and AFDB. Business Operations: Some of the important assignments undertaken in the recent past include:

114 Overseas : Bangladesh - RITES secured a major export order from Bangladesh Railways for the supply of 120 BG stainless steel passenger coaches and executed a contract for supply of 26 new BG diesel locomotives. Benin - Supplies of wagons, coaches and spares to Benin. Botswana - Planning, design and construction of runway, terminal building and allied works at Francistown airport, Botswana. Ethiopia - RITES has successfully completed the work of Detailed Project Report(DPR) for a new Railway line Djibouti - DPR for a new railway line from Assaita to Tadjourah. Gabon - Feasibility study for Mayumba new standard gauge railway line for the Government of Gabon has also been completed successfully. Kenya - Development of 50 years National Transport Master Plan for Kenya. Myanmar: For Myanmar Railways, a) Major supplies include : (i) 20 in-service 1350 HP MG locomotives, (ii) 20 in-service MG AC coaches, ) (iii 250 MG wagons, (iv) locomotive spare parts, (v) equipment like dumper trucks, rail gang cars and road cranes (b) RITES has also been involved in feasibility & Detailed Project Report (DPR) for road from Kaletwa to Indo-Myanmar border. (c) Consultancy business in Myanmar where field survey for the DPR for Trilateral Highway in Myanmar, launched under the auspices of the Mekong Ganga Cooperation, has been completed. This highway, when commissioned will connect the Indian city of Moreh with Mae Sot in Thailand through Bagan in Myanmar, and would facilitate trade and commerce with ASEAN countries. Rwanda: Feasibility study and design for expansion of Kamembe and Gisenyi airports . Sri Lanka: RITES executed major export orders for Sri Lanka Railways. Supply of 20 DMU train sets, BG 2300HP diesel locomotives, machinery and plant, locomotive spares and unit exchange items, construction of DEMU

115 maintenance facilities at three locations, training of 600 personnel etc., are some of the key projects. Integrated Check Posts at the borders of neighbouring countries is a first of its kind project in India and is being executed by RITES. These are world-class facilities for passenger and cargo movement in an airport like set up with state of the art immigration and custom facilities. RITES has completed Integrated Check Post at Attari on India-Pakistan border. Domestic Projects: RITES is currently executing turnkey works of construction and supply, installation and commissioning of Machinery & Plant for upgrading / modernization of Railway Workshops, Work for Bogie factory at Budge Budge near Kolkata and for Machinery & Plant for Bogie shop at ICF, Chennai. RITES has been providing services to Airports Authority of India and various State Governments for Airport design and project management. RITES has been involved in several key projects such as design of 12 km long Banihal tunnel in Jammu & Kashmir, design of alignment for the Udhampur – Srinagar – Baramulla Rail Project and feasibility study for high speed rail (Pune-Mumbai-Ahmedabad). RITES is successfully executing a new line of business in loco & wagon maintenance for NTPC at six sites, leasing of locos at thermal power plants, ports, steel plants, etc. RITES-led international consortium is engaged for providing General Consultancy services for implementation of Metro Rail project in Bengaluru. Additionally, RITES is involved in several Metro Projects across India: General Engineering Consultancy for Bengaluru Metro and Delhi Metro, DPR for Guwahati Metro Project, feasibility study & DPR for Kochi Metro, Feasibility Study & DPR for Patna Metro, Independent Quality Monitoring for Jaipur Metro etc. RITES is also involved in DPR for Commuter Rail System for Bengaluru, feasibility Study for Elevated Rail Corridor in Mumbai (Churchgate to Virar) and DPR for MRTS/RRTS between Ahmedabad & Dholera. RITES has also undertaken feasibility study for Regional Rail System in Ahmedabad area, Techno-economic feasibility study and DPR of the proposed Mass Transit connectivity between Dwarka Metro Station and Nangloi via Bagrola, Traffic Improvement Plan of outer ring road from IIT gate to NH-8 and its influence area (New Delhi). RITES is also involved in feasibility Study for 6-lane bridge over river

116 Brahmaputra (near Guwahati) connecting Narengi with Kurua with road link up to Dumnichowki on NH-52. Financial Performance: The comparative financial performance of RITES during the last 2 years is as follows:

(` in crore) 2013-14 2014-15 Total Turnover 1,246 1,166 Net profit after tax 264 306 Net worth 1,397 1,628

IRCON INTERNATIONAL LIMITED (IRCON) : Ircon International Limited (formally known as Indian Railway Construction Company Limited), a Mini Ratna and Schedule ‘A’ PSU, was incorporated on 28th April, 1976, mainly for the purpose of construction and development of Railway networks in India and abroad with Indian Railways’ expertise. The company diversified in other areas of work to Highways, Tunnels, Bridges, Flyovers, ROBs, Airport Hangar & Runways, Metro rail and Buildings, EHV Transmission Line & Grid Sub-stations, Industrial Electrification, Signalling and Telecom Systems etc. and considering its major share of business from projects abroad, its name was changed to “Ircon International Limited” w.e.f. 17th October 1995. IRCON has established itself as one of the leading construction companies of the world during the last 39 years of its operations, with successful completion of about 369 infrastructure projects of national importance in India and 116 projects across the globe in over 20 countries. As per August 2015 edition of Engineering News Record (ENR) of USA, IRCON is among the only four Indian companies to make it to the list of top 250 International Contractors. Performance on Foreign Projects IRCON is actively engaged in infrastructure development in several Asian and African countries. The Company’s expertise coupled with experience helped it successfully execute a mega project valuing over USD 1 billion in Malaysia, the largest ever Transportation project completed by any Indian company abroad. In Sri Lanka, IRCON has completed projects of upgradation of Coastal Railway line in Southern Sri Lanka and reconstruction of Railway line in Northern Province of Sri Lanka valuing total of USD 730 Million. Key Railway Projects are also under execution in Bangladesh and Algeria.

117 International Rail Connectivity Projects Taking the bilateral relationship with the country’s neighbours forward, IRCON is executing Rail connectivity projects to Nepal and Bangladesh. Strategic Projects in India In India, IRCON has undertaken various Nation-building projects which are symbolic to the country’s rise on global infrastructural map. Recently, the Pir Panjal Railway Tunnel Constructed by IRCON connecting Jammu region with Kashmir Valley, also dubbed as the country’s longest transportation tunnel was dedicated to the Nation. IRCON is also constructing a new Broad Gauge railway line from Sivok in North Bengal to Rangpo in Sikkim to provide a rail connectivity to Sikkim. Other major projects in India include : yy About 4.5 km long Rail-cum-Road Bridge across the river Ganges at Patna yy Construction of Rail Coach Factory at Rae Bareilly yy Construction of RoBs in the states of Bihar and Jharkhand yy Sub-station works for Delhi Metro under phase-III yy Construction of Railway lines of approx. 300 km length at an estimated cost of ` 4,500 crore in Chhattisgarh yy Four laning of Bikaner-Phalodi section in Rajasthan yy Four laning of Shivpuri-Guna section in Madhya Pradesh yy Power Supply Distribution works (R-APDRP) at Meerut, Ghaziabad, Moradabad and Saharanpur in the state of Uttar Pradesh and yy Power Supply Distribution works (R-APDRP) at Jammu in Jammu & Kashmir for the state government. The company is also engaged in construction of rural roads under Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojna (PMGSY) and Rashtriya Sam Vikas Yojna (RSVY). IRCON has contributed significantly in the road sector by completing about 5,000 km of roads and about 100 nos. of Road over Bridges. Awards & Recognition IRCON has bagged several Awards & Accolades during the last one year. Some of them are: 1. ‘Organisa tion with innovative HR Practices’ Award at the Asia Pacific HRM Congress Award 2014 2. Dun & Bradstreet Infra Awards 2014 in the category of ‘Construction and Infrastructure Development (Railways)’

118 3. SCOPE Meritorious Award for ‘Corporate Social Responsibility & Responsiveness’ 4. ‘Excellence in Cost Management – Public Service Sector (Large)’ Award from Institute of Cost Accountants of India and 5. CIDC Vishwakarma Award in the category of best professionally managed company with turnover of over ` 1,000 crore. CENTRE FOR RAILWAY INFORMATION SYSTEMS (CRIS): The Centre for Railway Information Systems (CRIS), an autonomous Society under the Ministry of Railways, set up in 1986, plays the role of the Information Technology arm of the Indian Railways. CRIS develops and maintains the major information systems deployed in the Railways, e.g. passenger ticketing, freight and passenger train operations, management of train crews, and management of fixed and rolling railway assets. CRIS was given the award for “Best Implementation of Cyber Security in Government” in the Technology Sabha held by Indian Express group from 12-3-15 to 15-3-15 in Hyderabad. The progress of computerisation, during the year 2014-15, of the various Railway Projects undertaken by CRIS are outlined below: Passenger Applications: Passenger Reservation System (PRS)- Each day, over 10 lakh passengers are booked at 11,786 PRS counters at 3,179 locations and over 5.43 lakh passengers through Internet booking. Tickets worth about ` 85 crore are sold daily. Enhanced E-Ticketing/NGeT System for Indian Railways- Number of maximum concurrent sessions on nget.ircts.co.in was 1,64,807 on 7th March 2015. Unreserved Ticketing System (UTS)- Approximately 2 crore passengers are booked daily in the UTS, which covers more than 90% of all unreserved tickets. Tickets worth about ` 51 crore are sold daily at 11,468 counters at 5,836 locations. Tickets are also issued from more than 1,000 self-service Automatic Ticket Vending Machines (ATVMs) installed in stations with high volumes of tickets sales. National Train Enquiry System (NTES) and Integrated Coaching Management System (ICMS)- These applications provide train running information and monitor the coaching stock and running of more than 8,500 passenger-carrying trains daily.

119 IR Portal with Retiring Room booking and Complaint Management System- Almost 36,000 retiring room bookings are being made each month at 436 stations through the Internet and station counters, earning over ` 1 crore monthly. SMS Gateway- More than 1.5 lakh SMSs are being sent daily to passengers to inform them about change in their reservation status. Freight/Operations Applications: Freight Operations Information System (FOIS), Terminal Management System (TMS) and E-Payment- About 2.9 million tonnes of freight are booked daily in FOIS. Nearly 1,600 Railway Receipts (RRs), amounting to about ` 255 crore, are generated, constituting 99.9% of freight booked; approximately ` 249.42 crore (75% of total) is collected through e-payment every day. FOIS Rake Management System (RMS)- About 4,353 rakes are monitored daily through this module. Loads on the run / consignments in transit can be tracked by the customers on FOIS-Web. The Rake Allotment System provides optimum allocation of rakes for efficient freight movement. Control Office Application (COA) and Timetable Management System (Satsang)- About 5,00,000 arrival/ departure events of 14000 trains are recorded each day in 77 control offices through COA. Satsang assists in the preparation of train timetables to optimize running of trains. Other Important Applications: E-Procurement System (EPS) including e-Auction and Reverse Auction: Nearly 20,000 tenders are issued each month through this system till date, over 6.85 lakh tenders have been issued and 25,811 venders are already enrolled. Scrap worth ` 6,027.73 crore has been sold through the e-Auction sub-system so far. Parcel Management System (PMS): Booking delivery and tracking of parcels is possible through this system, presently covering Delhi-Howrah corridor. This system is being expanded to 200 stations in a phased manner. INDIAN RAILWAY FINANCE CORPORATION LIMITED (IRFC): Set up as a public limited company in December, 1986 with the sole objective of raising money from the market to part-finance the plan outlay of Ministry of Railways and for meeting their developmental needs, IRFC has been successfully meeting the borrowing targets set for it year after year. Funds are raised through issue of bonds, term loans from banks/financial institutions and through external commercial borrowings/export credit etc. The Department of Public Enterprises has rated the Company as “Excellent” for ten years in succession.

120 The Company has leased rolling stock assets worth ` 1,23,037 crore to the Railways upto 31st March, 2015. Assets worth about ` 10,771 crore were financed during 2014-15. Funding has been made by IRFC in locomotives, wagons and coaches. The acquisition has helped in increasing traffic output and revenue growth in Indian Railways over the years. Rolling Stock assets funded by IRFC are leased to Ministry of Railways. IRFC has successfully brought down lease rentals from 17.5% p.a. in 1996-97 to 11.72% p.a. in 2014-15 which compares favourably with the borrowing of the Government of India. The Ministry has been making lease payments to IRFC regularly. The Company has also disbursed funds amounting to ` 2,896 crore to Rail Vikas Nigam Ltd. (RVNL) till the end of fiscal year 2014-15. IRFC has consistent profit earning track record. It has so far paid ` 2,070 crore as dividend to the Government. CONTAINER CORPORATION OF INDIA LIMITED (CONCOR): Container Corporation of India Limited (CONCOR) a ‘Navratna’ undertaking of Government of India manages the largest network of Dry Ports in the country. The Company has introduced and promoted the concept of multimodalism in transport of goods both in the International and Domestic segments. In order to facilitate faster and more efficient movement of goods by expanding and up- scaling its infrastructure, CONCOR is fast progressing towards its goal to create Logistics infrastructure that would enable customers to access a single window for all their logistics requirements like multi-modal transport, state of the art specialized storage, packaging etc. at large facilities called “Logistics Parks”. CONCOR’s emphasis has always been on optimal utilization of infrastructure with complete cost control, combined with strategy on expansion into other segments of value chain, including its plan for setting up of Multi-Modal Logistics Parks (MMLP) for providing seamless connectivity and one stop solution to its customers. The Company aims to provide total logistics and transport solutions to its customers by exploring the possibilities of having strategic tie-ups with Government companies, State Industrial Corporations and newly emerging ports to play the role of a credible Logistics Partner. In this direction and to achieve its objectives the Company has set up subsidiaries and joint venture alliances, which are helping in expanding its business further. The ‘Quality Policy’ states that CONCOR is committed to provide reliable, responsive, safe and value added multimodal logistic services in a cost effective and consistent manner using latest innovations to ensure

121 complete customer convenience and satisfaction and value for money through continual improvement of its quality management systems and processes. The company provides real time information to its customers on container movement and ensures quick redress of consumer complaints. Financial Highlights: The comparative financial performance of CONCOR for the last two years is as under:

(` in crore) 2013-14 2014-15 Total Income 5356.27 5944.44 Turnover 4984.55 5573.70 EPS (in ` ) 50.51 53.73

KONKAN RAILWAY CORPORATION LIMITED (KRCL): The Corporation was established in 1990 with equity participation by Ministry of Railways (51%), Maharashtra (22%), Karnataka (15%), Kerala (6%) and Goa (6%) for the purpose of construction and operation of Railway

A View of Passenger Train between Manki and Hannaver, Konkan Railway

122 along the Western Coast of India i.e. from Roha to Mangalore with a length of 741 Kms. The completion cost of the project was ` 3,555 crore inclusive of ` 1,035 crore as financing cost. The Corporation became a fully operational Railway on 26th January 1998 and since then is successfully operating passenger and freight trains. The Corporation has expertise in construction of Railway systems, Tunnels, Bridges and in Project Management. Train Operating Performance: On an average, 46 Passenger trains and 16 Freight trains including Roll-On and Roll-Off services were run on KRCL system daily during the year 2014-15. The unique Roll-On and Roll-Off service for trucks has completed 16 years and earned `73.30 crore in 2014-15, as compared to ` 65.72 crore in the previous year. Konkan Railway has carried 33.92 million passengers and 2,981.40 million Net Tonne Kilometer (NTKM) of freight during this year. The originating loading on Konkan Railway has been 2.96 million tonnes for the year. Project Performance: Konkan Railway is executing a major portion of the prestigious USBRL Project for Northern Railway in the state of J&K. So far, 12 out of 14 tunnels have been made through, 3 tunnels were made through in the financial year 2014-15. So far, 22.22 Km of tunnels excavation has been completed out of 28.614 Km. The construction of Special Bridge across river Chenab is in progress. 506 MT of fabrication for viaduct deck segments of Chenab Bridge has been achieved during this year as compared to 101 MT in the previous year. During the year 2014-15, a turnover of ` 329 crore was achieved as compared to `320 crore in the previous year. Financial Performance:

(` in crore) 2013-14 2014-15 Total Revenue 1,277 1,323 Traffic Earnings 877 906 Total Expenditure 1,264 1,283 Operating Surplus 187 202 Net Profit 13 39 Operating Ratio 89% 86.43%

123 RAILTEL CORPORATION OF INDIA LIMITED (RailTel) RailTel a Mini Ratna Category-I was formed in September 2000 with the objective of creating nationwide Broadband Telecom and Multimedia Network in all parts of the country, to facilitate Railways in ‘expeditious’ modernization of their operation and safety systems and network by providing state-of-the-art communication infrastructure, and to generate revenue through commercial exploitation of its telecom network. 2. RailTel is holding Internet Service Provider (ISP), Category ‘A’ licensed National Long Distance (NLD) service (license from DoT). In addition, registration as Infrastructure Provider Category-I (IP-I) has also been obtained from DoT by RailTel. 3. RailTel has deployed state of the art STM-16/64/DWDM network on more than 44,000 RKms OFC backbone across the country. 4. The Company is now expanding the telecom network by laying 12000 KM of OFC network in 6 North Eastern States under the USOF (Universal Service Obligation Fund) project of DoT. 5. The Company as a part of NOFN (National Optical Fiber Network) project is laying OFC on behalf of BBNL for providing broadband connectivity to 36,000 panchayats in 11 states of the country for providing minimum 100 Mbps broadband to panchayats. (a) The Company has also implemented ERP tool covering all departments including Finance & Accounts, P&A/HR, Marketing, Projects & Operations across the country during the year. The Company employs 525 personnel as on 31st March, 2015 besides outsourced manpower. (b) The Company has discharged its Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and incurred an expenditure of ` 2.49 crore towards CSR activities during the year 2014-15 on the creation of IT set up with broadband access to the institutions in rural panchayats of the country and supporting 30 underprivileged but talented 12th pass students of economically weaker section by providing 11 months free training including lodging etc. for IIT-JEE preparation at RailTel Super 30 center in Dehradun.

124 The important financial parameters over last three years are as under:

(` in crore) Particulars 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 Share Capital 320 320 320 Gross Income 435 538 554 Gross Operating Margin 231 254 256 Net Profit after Tax 111 138 121 Gross Block 983 1078 1236 Net Worth 797 913 1004 Dividend paid to Ministry of Railways 15 17 17 Revenue share to Railways 18.14 20.74 19.00 Licence fee to DoT 27.51 31.84 34.00 (a) RailTel has rolled out a broadband delivery platform named “RailWire” with a mission to make available “Broadband to common man” in collaboration with local cable operators. (b) Further RailTel has also launched new enterprise services in the areas of data centre, disaster recovery services & Tele-Presence using its own data center at Secunderabad and Gurgaon which shall also open new opportunities for revenue earning. Both Data Centers are Tier-III certified for design and facilities from Uptime Institute, USA. (c) During the year, RailTel has commissioned Wi-Fi facility at Bangalore, New Delhi, Chennai and Goa Railway stations among others. (d) RailTel has also incorporated a subsidiary company “RailTel Enterprises Ltd.” for taking up project business activities in the area of IT, Telecom, Data center, Networking, etc. The RailTel bagged “Best IT adoption” Governance Now PSU award 2014 for implementation of ERP in the Company. Beside this, RailTel has also been awarded with “Best HR Practices” by Governance Now PSU award 2014 for excellence in training of employees in the Company. INDIAN RAILWAY CATERING AND TOURISM CORPORATION LIMITED (IRCTC): Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation Limited (IRCTC), was incorporated on 27th September 1999 under the Companies Act, 1956 as an extended arm of the Indian Railways to upgrade, professionalize and manage the catering and hospitality services at stations, on trains and other locations

125 and to promote domestic and international tourism through development of budget hotels, special tour packages, information & commercial publicity and global reservation systems. Financial Performance Highlights During the year 2014-15, the Company achieved a total income of ` 1,141.21 crore, as compared to ` 954.70 crore in 2013-14 thereby registering a growth of 19.54%. Profit before Tax (PBT) was ` 214.03 crore in 2014-15 as compared to ` 127.41 crore in 2013-14. The Company contributed a sum of ` 52.03 crore to the revenues of Indian Railways as against a sum of ` 33.69 crore during the previous year. The Shareholders have declared a dividend of ` 26.13 crore (20% of net profit) excluding Dividend Distribution Tax, for the financial year 2014-15,which is around 131% of the share capital, as against ` 14.40 crore paid in the previous year. Catering & Hospitality: During the year 2014-15, the Company’s revenue from departmental catering increased to ` 296.42 crore as against ` 280.83 crore in the year

Multi-Cuisine Food Plaza at a Station of South Western Railway

126 2013-14 and revenue from licensee catering increased to ` 69.79 crore as against ` 26.89 crore in the year 2013-14. The Company ventured into a new business of providing meals of passengers’ choice(s) at seat/berth under “E-catering”. Initially, the services were provided through booking of meals on phone, and thereafter, the facility has been extended to book meals through website www.ecatering. irctc.co.in. From the date of its launch on 25th September, 2014 and till 31st March, 2015, the number of trains under the scheme was increased from 14 to 201. At present, 1,516 trains are covered under E-Catering. IRCTC has ventured into retail format business by opening Food Kiosks at DMRC stations across Delhi-NCR. IRCTC has 63 operational Food Kiosks on DMRC network across Delhi-NCR. The kiosks dispense branded pre- packed food & beverages and pre-cooked food procured from IRCTC Central Kitchen, Noida and Railneer for packaged drinking water. At present, IRCTC is operating 191 Food Plazas and Fast Food units over Indian Railways. The annual earning from these units is ` 31.24 crore. Internet Ticketing: Launched in 2002, the Company after 13 years of a sparkling journey, IRCTC has emerged as the largest e-ticketing site in the country with a record 7.15 lakh tickets booked on 27th August, 2014. During the year 2014-15, 1,830.22 lakh tickets have been booked as compared to 1,579.82 lakhs during the year 2013-14. IRCTC started the facility of booking e-tickets to the visually impaired customers by providing them with One Time Password (OTP) on their mobile number instead of captcha which helps them to log and book their tickets. During the year, IRCTC and Union Bank of India collaborated to launch the “IRCTC UBI RuPay Pre-paid Card” to bring convenience to the travellers. This card is the first of its kind in the market, where both Virtual as well as Physical cards are being issued to the customer in two variants - partial KYC with a loading limit of ` 10, 000 and full KYC with a loading limit of ` 50, 000. Travel & Tourism: Travel & Tourism Business of IRCTC generated an income of ` 362.37 crore in the year 2014-15 as compared to ` 324.14 crore in the year 2013- 14 recording a growth of 11.79%. During 2014-15, Concierge Services, Pilgrim Special Tourist Trains, new packages have been launched on IRCTC’s Tourism Portal.

127 IRCTC operates all inclusive Tour Packages including rail, land and air packages across the country, which include confirmed rail travel, road transfers, accommodation, meals and sight-seeing at reasonable rates. During 2014-15, a total of 49,531 passengers availed IRCTCs tour packages. In the year 2014-15, Mumbai- Tirupati Rail Tour Package with Charter Coach of IRCTC got ISO certification 2001:9008. IRCTC launched its air-ticketing micro-site in the year 2012-13 which provides the services of Domestic as well as International Air-ticket booking at very competitive prices. The earning of IRCTC from the Air-ticketing segment has increased from ` 5.43 crore in the year 2013-14 to ` 7.78 crore in the year 2014- 15, with a growth of 43.28%. Air Ticketing is carried out through the exclusive website www.air.irctc.co.in. Maharajas’ Express: Maharajas’ Express through various operational & marketing initiatives had improved the performance in the financial year 2014-15. The ratio of trips operated against the published trips has increased from 75% in 2013-14 to 92% in the year 2014-15. The passengers who booked the journeys with Maharajas’ Express has shown a whopping growth of 62% in 2014-15 over the previous year i.e. 1229 passengers in 2014-15 as against 758 passengers in 2013-14. Maharajas’ Express received passengers from 44 countries across all continents. The turnover had increased from ` 36.27 crore in 2013-14 to ` 47.89 crore in 2014-15 registering a growth of 32%. Maharajas’ Express had also retained the travel industry prestigious award “World Travel Awards” for the third time in 2014 for the category “The World’s Leading Luxury Train”. Packaged Drinking Water (Rail Neer): At present, IRCTC has five operational Rail neer plants located at Delhi, Patna, Palur, Ambernath and Amethi, out of which Rail neer Plant at Amethi is under PPP mode. During financial year 2014-15, Rail Neer business registered an in- come of ` 81.03 crore as against ` 72.11 crore during 2013-14. This does not include sale of Rail Neer through departmental catering, amounting to ` 15.11 crore as against ` 16.06 crore in the previous year. The segment result (profit) during the year was ` 6.31 crore as against profit of ` 5.35 crore dur- ing the previous year.

128 PIPAVAV RAILWAY CORPORATION LIMITED (PRCL): Pipavav Railway Corporation Limited (PRCL), the flagship joint venture Company of Ministry of Railways and Gujarat Pipavav Port Limited (GPPL) with equal equity participation was formed to execute the Surendranagar – Rajula – Pipavav Port (APM Terminals, Pipavav) gauge conversion & new line project. This is the first railway infrastructure project executed through private sector participation. PRCL has concessionaire rights to construct, operate and maintain this project line for 33 years. PRCL is entitled to the rights, obligation and duties of a Railway Administration enumerated in the Railways Act, 1989 and has rights to give volume discounts on transportation of cargo. PRCL has permission to run container trains on rail corridors serving the Ports of Pipavav, Mundra, Chennai, Ennore, Vizag and Kochi and their hinterlands. During 2014-15, PRCL handled 7,145 trains including 5,406 container trains (which includes 1,367 double stack container trains) and transported 10.70 million tonnes of cargo. The total apportioned earnings were ` 272.64 crore from freight operations during 2014-15, registering a growth of 25% compared to the previous year and a net profit of ` 43.65 crore as against ` 80.77 crore during the previous year. 15 pairs of passenger trains are running on different sections of Pipavav Railway. The comparative figures of 2013-14 and 2014-15 are:-

2013-14 2014-15

Number of Container trains 4805 4039

Number of Double Stack containers trains 578 1367

Number of Bulk trains 813 930

Total number of trains run 6882 7145

Cargo (in Million Tonnes) 8.71 10.70

Gross Apportioned revenue (` in crore) 217.84 272.64

Net Worth (` in crore) 272.00 269.77

Number of passenger trains 15 pairs** 15 pairs**

** includes 4 mail/express trains, which are running weekly and 11 mail/express/ passenger trains run daily Apart from container transportation, PRCL handles bulk traffic of food- grain, onion, salt, soda ash, cement, gypsum, fertilizers and coal.

129 PRCL will also get the benefit (being one of the primary feeder routes) of the proposed dedicated freight corridor and derive benefits of double stack container trains, which have been introduced between APM Terminals, Pipavav and Jaipur in the first phase. The Company earned profit of ` 58.48 crore (PBT) during 2014-15 and has declared and paid an interim and final dividend for the year 2014- 15 amounting to ` 39.20 crore to its shareholders. During 2013-14, it was amounting to ` 9.80 crore. Innovation – Market Expansion: PRCL, in close coordination with the Ministry of Railways, pioneered the introduction of Double Stack Containers Train in India and the 1st DSC train rolled on Pipavav route from Jaipur to Pipavav on 23rd March 2006. For running of 9 ½ x 9 ½ feet DSC train, the company undertook and completed the following works:- a) Raising of high tension electric wires in 13 locations, on SUNR – PRCL Section, executed through GETCO. b) Reconstruction of Limbdi ROB, executed through Western Railway, Ahmedabad and Road portion of work by NHAI. c) Raising of ROB at Rajula executed through Western Railway, Ahmedabad. All these above works were completed in June 2013. First 9 ½ x 9 ½ feet (high cube) DSC train run from APM Terminals, Pipavav on 17th July 2013 to CMLK (Kathuwas - Greenfield PFT of CONCOR Neemrana). Liliyamota Station has been opened on 28th September 2012 for goods traffic with provision of rail level platform to handle inward bagged consignments. In the first phase of enhancing track capacity on the section, the work of construction of one loop each at Kundli and Lathidad stations has been undertaken at an estimated cost of approx ` 8.90 crore, to cater to the increased traffic on PRCL Section. The Company has also planned to open 3 new Crossing Stations and one additional loop each at 9 Stations. Under its Corporate Social Responsibility, the Company has contributed an amount of ` 60 lakhs to Gujarat Forest Department for construction of fencing along the track identified on its Section to safeguard Asiatic lions.

130 RAIL LAND DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY (RLDA): Rail Land Development Authority (RLDA) is a statutory Authority, under the Ministry of Railways, set-up by an Amendment to the Railway Act, 1989, for development of Railway Land as entrusted by the Central Government for commercial use for the purpose of generating revenue by non-tariff measures. RLDA has been constituted in terms of Extraordinary Gazatte Notification dated 31-10-2006, as amended on 05-01-2007. The Rules for functioning of RLDA have also been notified in the Extraordinary Gazette dated 04-01-2007. Business of the Authority: yy Commercial Development of Vacant Railway Land: Sites for commercial development are entrusted to RLDA by the Ministry of Railways. During the year 2014-15, the letter of award of Vijayawada site has been issued. yy Construction of Multi Functional Complexes (MFCs): RLDA has been assigned the responsibility of developing Multi Functional Complexes (MFCs) through IRCON, RITES, RVNL and Private Sector at Railway stations. Sites are offered on 30 to 45 years lease on revenue sharing basis, through PSUs and on combination model of upfront lease premium and annual lease rent model through open bidding process to Private Sectors. 40 MFCs are being developed through PSUs and 123 MFCs by RLDA. Letter of Acceptance for 25 MFC sites has been issued in the year 2014- 15 for NPV of lease premium and annual lease rent of ` 84.25 crore approx. Development Agreement between RLDA and IRCON has been signed. However, due to withdrawal by bidder, LOA of Ludhiana and Bharatpur has been cancelled. yy Redevelopment of Stations: Expert Group for Modernization of Indian Railways, with Sam Pitroda as Chairman recommended modernization of 100 major railway stations immediately and a total of 770 stations in 10 years. For redeveloping railway stations with the approval of Board.. A MoU has been signed between IRCON and RLDA on 01.02.2012 for formation of a SPV for taking up the project. Indian Railway Stations Development Corporation Ltd. (IRSDC) was created on 12.04.2012 with an authorized share capital of ` 100 crore and till 31.03.2014 paid up share capital is ` 40 crore.

131 DEDICATED FREIGHT CORRIDOR CORPORATION OF INDIA LIMITED (DFCCIL) : Dedicated Freight Corridor (DFC) is one of the most ambitious rail infrastructure projects undertaken by the Government of India. The DFC project is being implemented through Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India Limited (DFCCIL), a special purpose vehicle created for the purpose. DFCCIL is a wholly owned Public Sector Undertaking of the Ministry of Railways incorporated under Companies Act, 1956 on 30th October, 2006. The company has been mandated to undertake planning, construction, maintenance and operation of Dedicated Freight Lines. To start with, Dedicated Freight Corridors (DFCs) are being developed on Western and Eastern trunk routes. The Western DFC (1,502 kms) is from Jawaharlal Nehru Port (JNPT) in Mumbai to Dadri near Delhi and would cater largely to the container and imported coal transport requirements between the existing and emerging ports in Maharashtra and Gujarat and the northern hinterland. The Eastern DFC is from Ludhiana in Punjab to Dankuni (1,840 kms) near Kolkata and will largely serve coal and steel traffic. The two corridors will join near Dadri. The financing of the corridors is being done through Equity from Ministry of Railways and multilateral funding (debt) from Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) and World Bank. Dankuni-Sonnagar section of Eastern DFC will be implemented through PPP. The Eastern and Western DFCs pass through 9 states, 61 districts and over 2,100 villages. The implementation of the DFCs is expected to generate two major impacts on the freight movement- shift of freight from road thereby leading to increase in rail share and improvement in energy efficiency of freight rail through adoption of improved technologies leading to significant reduction in carbon footprints. The DFCs with higher axle load and wider Maximum Moving Dimension (MMD) will be a game changer in transport logistics. Speedier, scheduled services are expected to bring down logistic cost significantly. The network is expected to provide long awaited total logistical solution to trade, utilizing energy efficient rail transportation. These freight corridors offer immense opportunities for development of Industrial corridors along the alignment of the connecting infrastructure. This has resulted in decision for setting up of Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor (DMIC) and Amritsar-Delhi-Kolkata Industrial Corriodor (ADKIC). Western Dedicated freight corridor will facilitate running of Double Stack Container (DSC) train which is its USP and DFC would be the pioneer in operation of

132 DSCs on electrified routes. The DFC is planned to run heavy haul trains with axle load of 25 tonnes as compared to existing 22.9 tonnes. The average speed of trains will also increase up to 65-70 kmph with the maximum speed of 100 kmph instead of existing 25 kmph. The DFC line caters to long haul trains carrying load of 12,000 tonnes with a train length up to 1,500 meter. The signalling system will be state of the art using automatic signalling system. DFCC is designed to be a very lean organization with higher efficiency and cost effectiveness. As a result, the operation and maintenance cost is expected to be substantially low as compared to present Railway system. DFCCIL has been able to successfully meet the major challenge of land acquisition for the project on behalf of Indian Railways. Till 31st March 2015, a total award for 9353 ha of land (WDFC: 5267 ha out of 5989 ha and EDFC: 4086 out of 5500 ha) which is approximately 84% excluding Sonnagar-Dankuni section with compensation amounting to ` 6882 crore has been issued. All major environmental and forest clearances have been obtained. The year 2014-15 witnessed many major achievements. During this period DFCCIL awarded civil contract for Kanpur-Mughalsarai section (402 km) to M/s GIL-SIL joint venture at the total cost of ` 5,081 crore. The contract for the work of electrification worth ` 2,582 crore of section Rewari to Vadodara (Makarpura) was finalized during the year 2014-15. World Bank loan of US$ 1,100 million for EDFC-2 was finalized. In Eastern Corridor at Durgawati-Sasaram section Track linking near Sasaram West cabin and Cantilever assembly erection for 2181 masts out of total scope of 2406 masts was completed by March 2015. The cumulative expenditure on project as on 31st March 2015 was ` 6,130.24 crore. In addition, ` 7,117.46 crore has been spent on land acquisition. The gross expenditure during the year 2014-15 on project execution was ` 1,961 crore. RAIL VIKAS NIGAM LIMITED (RVNL) Rail Vikas Nigam Limited (RVNL), a CPSE under the Ministry of Railways was incorporated in 2003 to raise non-budgetary resources for rail capacity projects and to implement them on a fast track basis. Cumulatively, up to 31-3-2015, RVNL has completed 5580 km of project length covering 194 km of New Lines, 1,645 km of Doubling, 1,590 km of Gauge Convertion and 2,151 km of Railway Electrification and 3 Railway Workshops, forty- six projects assigned to RVNL have been fully completed. During 2014-15, RVNL completed 476 km of project length including 259

133 km of Doubling and 217 km of pure Railway Electrification work and an additional 155 km of electrification as part of doubling and other projects. The turnover of the Company reached a figure of ` 3,141.97 crore in 2014-15 as compared to ` 2,492.37 crore in 2013-14, i.e. an increase of 26%. The Gross Profit of the Company increased from ` 195.17 crore in 2013-14 to ` 236.35 crore in 2014-15. In 2014-15, RVNL has paid a dividend of ` 37.2 crore as compared to ` 31.5 crore in the previous year. The cumulative dividend paid to Ministry of Railways by RVNL is ` 151.20 crore. In addition to borrowings from IRFC for implementation of projects, comprising of ` 2,896 crore, RVNL’s role in resource mobilization has resulted in setting up of 5 project specific Special Purpose Vehicles (SPVs) with a total anticipated cost of ` 5,087 crore against which the equity contribution of RVNL is ` 620 crore, i.e. 12.2%. Balance funds of ` 4,467 crore would be provided by the equity share of stakeholders and through debt raised from Financial Institutions. in addition to these SPVs, in 2014-15, RVNL has set up Dighi Port Railway Company Ltd. In association with Dighi Port Ltd., and has also become an Equity Partner in Indian Port Rail Corporation Limited (IPRCL) with 12 Major Ports under Ministry of Shipping for undertaking railway related projects and activities in major ports. RVNL, with the approval of the President of India, has incorporated a fully owned subsidiary, High Speed Rail Corporation of India Ltd. (HSRC) for development and implementation of High Speed Rail Projects in the country. HSRC has been assigned the task of carrying out a number of pre- feasibility/feasibility studies for High Speed Corridors. In addition to its regular activities, RVNL is making special efforts to meet its responsibility to the marginalized communities where its projects are located by implementing various “Corporate Social Responsibility” projects with a focus on health & education related activities for which an amount of ` 4.54 crore was spent during 2014-15. RVNL is also committed to sustainable development, as a part of which RVNL has provided Solar Home Lighting system in 350 households in the backward district of South 24 Parganas in the State of West Bengal. MUMBAI RAILWAY VIKAS CORPORATION LTD. (MRVC) Mumbai Railway Vikas Corporation Ltd (MRVC Ltd), a CPSE of Government of India under Ministry of Railways (MOR) was incorporated under Companies Act 1956 on 12.07.1999, with an equity capital of

134 ` 25 crore shared in the ratio of 51:49 between Ministry of Railways and Government of Maharashtra to implement the Rail Component of the integrated rail-cum-road urban transport project called Mumbai Urban Transport Project (MUTP), with a vision to develop modern infrastructure for efficient, safe and sustainable Railway system in Mumbai suburban section so as to provide adequate train services to the commuters. Mumbai Urban Transport Project : Railway projects were identified through the project preparatory studies with the main objective of bringing down over crowding during peak hour and segregating the suburban train operation from the main line passenger and freight services. Mumbai Urban Transport Project - I: The cost of the rail component of MUTP I was ` 4,452 crore out of which a loan of ` 1600 crore was taken from the World Bank. The balance expenditure had been shared equally between Government of Maharashtra and Ministry of Railways. All works have been completed and MUTP- I has been closed in March 2012. Major Infrastructural Inputs in MUTP Phase - I (Rail Component): Addition of 93 track Kms. (5th& 6th line Kurla-Thane, 3rd& 4th line Borivali-Virar) Induction of 101 new 9-car rakes (909 coaches) Resettlement and Rehabilitation of 15,857 Project affected households. Running of 12-car rakes on all lines (excluding Harbour Line) by lengthening of all platforms 1500 V DC to 25 KV AC traction conversion on Central & Western Railways – traction conversion was completed on entire Western Railway. Major benefits accrued after completion of MUTP - I : yy 559 additional services were introduced on Central & Western Railways yy 1216 services were augmented from nine-car rakes to twelve-car. yy Due to induction of additional rakes, it was possible to increase in the number of coaches during the peak hours by 36%. yy The vehicle km per day increased by 36% after induction of new rakes. yy Conversion of existing 1500 V DC to 25 KV AC on WR has provided better train operation, energy saving etc.

135 yy Saving of 30-35% energy due to State of the art 3 phase technology EMU rakes yy Saving of Electrical Energy of more than 35% due to introduction of regenerative braking in new technology of DC/AC rakes yy Resettlement and Rehabilitation – more than 15000 Project Affected Households Mumbai Urban Transport Project - II: MUTP II has been sanctioned in the budget of 2008-09 at the total cost of ` 5,300 crore which is likely to be revised to` 8,087 crore(approx.) at the time of completion of all Projects. MUTP II is partly funded by World Bank loan of ` 1,910 crore (USD 344 million) and balance from Government of Maharashtra and Ministry of Railways on 50:50 sharing basis. The work includes network expansion & capacity enhancement of Mumbai Suburban on Western and Central Railways. Most of the works have already commenced under MUTP II. Major Inputs in MUTP Phase II Addition of 88 track Kms. 72 new 12-car rakes (864 coaches) 1500 V DC to 25 KV AC conversion on Central Railway (172 Track km), completed in June, 2015 Resettlement and Rehabilitation of 2,839 Project affected households. Expected Benefits of MUTP II: 200 additional suburban services Creation of 20% additional carrying capacity Segregation of main-line and suburban rail operation Energy saving of around 35%. Additional infrastructure to prevent trespass control works Running of 12-coach Electrical Multiple Unit (EMU) trains on Harbour Line (MUTP 2C ): This work was sanctioned separately during the Rail Budget 2012-13 at the cost of ` 714.10 crore. This work is named as MUTP 2C. The project is entirely funded by Government of Maharashtra and Ministry of Railways

136 on 50:50 basis. The project involves infrastructure works for extending the platforms at 16 stations on Centre Railway and 5 stations on Western Railway, and procurement of 153 coaches. Mumbai Urban Transport Project III MUTP III has been included in the Pink Book (item no. 597) 2015- 16 at the total cost of ` 10,085 crore The works under MUTP III are as follows : Name of the work yy Doubling of Panvel-Karjat on Central Railway yy New Suburban corridor link between Airoli-Kalwa (elevated) on Central Railway yy Quadrupling of the Virar-Dahanu Road on Western Railway yy Procurement of Rolling Stock yy Trespass Control on mid-section on Central and Western Railways yy Technical Assistance Benefits of MUTP-III: The following benefits are expected to accrue after completion of MUTP III - yy Expansion of suburban network towards the North of Mumbai yy Induction of 564 EMU coaches in the system. yy 300 additional suburban services i.e. additional 10% over existing services yy Trespass control measures at 22 vulnerable mid section locations

137 Self – Sufficiency

Stores imported by IR constitute 3.31% of the total stores purchased. The cost of stores imported in the last three years are as under: (` in crore) Item 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 Diesel loco parts and fittings 1,599.37 1801.41 1006.62 Electric loco parts and fittings 84.33 166.26 110.01 Carriage, Wagon and EMU parts and fittings 137.51 124.28 100.31 Electrical stores 31.95 42.46 4.44 Engineering stores 70.01 (-)15.05 5.18 Ball and Roller Bearings 7.55 5.48 0.95 General stores covering acids, chemicals, drugs, etc. 65.14 73.61 89.61 Other items including metal ferrous, complete 251.50 (-)9.49 97.63 units of rolling stock i.e. bogies, wheel -sets, couplers, etc. Grand Total 2,247.36 2.188.96 1,414.75

Strategy for Self-Sufficiency: Steps have been taken by Indian Railways in developing indigenous sources in the country for the items presently being imported. Simultaneously, adequate capacity has been developed for manufacturing a range of components in workshops owned by IR as well as in public/private sector units with indigenous designs and competency. The import content of raw material/components, in terms of percentage of total production cost (excluding proforma charges) for different types of rolling stock manufactured in Indian Railway Production Units for the year 2014-15 is furnished below:

Production Unit Locomotives Import content (%) 2013-14 2014-15 DLW WDG-3A* 1.87 - WDG-4 32.82 19.66 WDP-4D 31.89 17.87 WDG-4D 30.19 12.38 WDP-4B 31.72 - WDG-5 - 53.19 138 Production Unit Locomotives Import content (%) 2013-14 2014-15 CLW WAG-9 0.63 2.24 WAP-7 0.62 2.18 WAP-5 0.61 3.00 Coaches ICF AC DC EMU B MRVC 0.51 - DEMU DPC HHP 0.70 0.74 SPART DPC I 0.48 0.44 SPART DPC II 1.91 2.04 LWACCW - 1.93 SCN LHB - 2.34 RCF/KAPURTHALA LWACCN 4.36 3.54 LWACCW 4.21 2.92 LWFAC 4.20 2.92 LWLRRM 3.36 3.14 LWCABC 4.20 2.91 LWFCZAC - 2.93 LFCWAC 3.78 2.44 LWSCZAC - 2.92 LWSCZDAC 2.52 2.32 LWSCN 7.89 5.96 LS 7.32 5.42 RCF/RAE BARELI LWACCN 4.43 4.31 LWACCW 4.32 4.02 LSCN - 6.39 * Non-Railway Customers

Locomotives: Locomotives are manufactured by Chittaranjan Locomotive Works (CLW), Chittaranjan and Diesel Locomotive Works (DLW), Varanasi. During 2014-15, CLW manufactured 250 BG Electric Locomotives including 145 state-of-the-art 3-phase 6000 HP electric locomotives. DLW produced 266 BG diesel locos including 249 indigenous High Horse Power Locomotives and 16 Diesel Locomotives for non-railway customers. Diesel Loco Modernisation Works:

Diesel Loco Modernizations Works (DMW) at Patiala, upgraded 60 diesel electric locomotives (WDM 2 class) from 2600 HP to 3100 HP. DMW also manufactured 89 new Locomotives for Indian Railways. DMW exported spares worth ` 158.28 lakhs to various countries.

139 Passenger Service Vehicles: During the year, Integral Coach Factory (ICF), Chennai manufactured 1,678 coaches including 221 DEMUs and 24 High Speed Self Propelled Accident Relief Trains (SPART). Rail Coach Factory (RCF), Kapurthala manufactured 1,480 coaches including 350 light weights LHB coaches with higher passenger comfort and amenities. A new Rail Coach factory set up at Raebareli manufactured 140 LHB coaches during 2014-15. Wagons: The bulk of wagon requirement of IR is met from wagon manufacturing units in both public and private sectors supplemented by Railway workshops. During the year, 11,151 wagons were inducted in Indian Railway system. Out of there, 1,431 wagons (including 970 BLC wagons) were manufactured by railway Workshops and 9,720 wagons (including 250 BLC wagons) by Wagon Industry. Wheels and Axles : Rail Wheel Factory (RWF), Bangalore, produced 47,222 wheel-sets during 2014-15. It also manufactured 1,75,175 wheels and 72,479 axles. A new Rail Wheel Plant set up at Bela produced 11,178 good wheels during 2014-15. Signalling: Railways signalling installations use a number of specialized equipment for safe running of trains. With upgradation in technology and shift towards electrical/electronic system of signalling, the demand for these equipments has gone up. To attain self sufficiency in meeting this increased demand, IR’s Signal Workshops on Southern, South Central, North Eastern Railway, Eastern and Central Railways have been manufacturing items like Axle-Counters, Electric Point Machines, various types of relays, tokenless Block Instruments etc. The quantity of important items produced by these Railways Signal Workshops during 2013-14 and 2014-15 is as under: Production (Nos.) Items 2013-14 2014-15 Relays 71,037 68,755 Electric Point Machines 3,116 2,860

140 Production (Nos.) Items 2013-14 2014-15 Axle Counters 34 51 Tokenless Block Instruments 195 178 Double line Block Instruments 277 285 Panels 145 120 Traction Motor Shops: IR has in-house facility for rewinding, repairing and re-shafting of traction motors at its workshops at Nasik Road, Kanpur, Tatanagar, Valsad and Kanchrapara. Rewinding, repairing and re-shafting of 3-phase traction motors provided in the ‘state-of-the-art’ electric locomotives is being carried out only at Traction Motor workshop at Nasik Road. The quantum of important jobs carried out by these shops are as under: Item No. of jobs undertaken 2013-14 2014-15 Rewinding TAO 659 TM armature 247 256 HS 15250A TM armature 437 594 EMU TM armature 405 477 3-phase TM stator 51 29* Re-shafting TAO 659/HS 15250A TM armature 835 715* 3-phase TM rotor repairs 66 62* EMU TM armature 188 206 * Due to reduction in arising

141 Materials Management

Stocking Depots:

Zonal Railways and Production Units run 262 Stocking Depots over the Indian Railways network for uninterrupted supply of railway materials and stores. Over 1.3 lakh materials components of various descriptions are stocked in these depots. Disposal of unserviceable Items: Creation of revenues through disposal of surplus and obsolete items and industrial wastes is another important function of Materials Management. During 2014-15, ` 3,247.89 crore was realized from disposal of unserviceable stores. Expenditure on Purchases:

During 2014-15 expenditure on materials purchases towards the requirements for operation, maintenance and production etc. (excluding cost of ballast, track related items, materials supplied by contractors for civil construction works) was ` 42,764 crore. A broad analysis of purchases made is given below:- (` in crore) 2013-14 2014-15 Stores for operation, repairs and maintenance 9,334 1,10,78 Stores for construction 1,171 1,190 Fuel 14,666 15,304 Stores for manufacture of Rolling Stock and purchase of 17,276 15,192 complete units Total 42,447 42,764 Modernization: IR started e-auction during 2012-13. About 97.4% of its scrap was sold through e-auction during 2014-15. E-procurement was expanded to all the Zonal Railways and Production Units. Agency of Procurement: Zonal Railways and Production Units procure most of the required materials directly. However, some items are procured through Railway Board.

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143 Certain purchases are also made through Director General of Supplies and Disposal (DGS&D). Of the ` 42,764 crore of stores procured in 2014-15, 51% was done by Zonal Railways and Production Units, 48% by Railway Board and the balance 1% and DGS&D and other sources. During 2014-15, stores worth ` 3,056.81 crore were purchased from Small Scale Sector and Khadi and Village Industries. Public Sector Undertakings contributed 32% and other industries contributed 68% towards supplies. Indigenous Vender Development:

Indigenous purchase of stores (` 41,351.04 crore) comprised 97% of the total purchase in 2014-15. However, IR had to depend on imports of certain high technology components for its recently acquired diesel and electric locomotives, coaches as well as for sophisticated signal and telecom equipments and raw materials which are not available in adequate quantity with required quality within the country. Inventories: During 2014-15, the Turn Over Ratio (TOR) – the efficiency indicator for Inventory Management was 15% (without fuel) and 10% (with fuel). The inventory (without fuel) held by IR as a whole was ` 2,987.65 crore (` 3,725.02 crore with fuel) during the year against total issues of ` 20,369.10 crore (` 36,695.57 crore with fuel). Printing and Stationery:

Eleven General Printing Presses, Eight Ticket Printing Presses and ‘Books and Forms Depots’ on Indian Railways, meet the entire requirement of passengers traffic for Card Tickets, Blank Computer Stationery, SPTM Rolls, PRS Ticket Rolls for Shatabdi and Rajdhani Tickets and Money Value Books and Forms. General Printing Presses gave an out-turn of 49.22 crore A-2 standard size impressions in 2014-15. Considerable progress was made in implementing Government’s directive to print Forms and Rule Books in bilingual form by expanding the capacity for Hindi composing through DTP. In order to avoid loss of revenue to the Railways, the availability of vital money value items like Parcel Way Bill, Railway Receipts, Excess Fare Tickets, Luggage Tickets, Blank Paper Tickets including Time Tables, etc. has been ensured throughout the year by all Zonal Railways. The Ticket Printing Presses printed 14.50 crore Card Tickets in 2014-15. The Book and Form Depots stocked 5,490 different items. Transactions of receipts and issues at these Depots were worth ` 55.43 crore and ` 62.09 crore, respectively, in 2014-15.

144 Security

The Railway Protection Force (RPF) is an ‘Armed Force of the Union’ constituted under the RPF Act, 1957 for better protection and security of railway property, passenger areas and passengers and matters connected therewith. The Force is empowered under the ‘Railways Act, 1989’ to deal with offences related to alarm chain pulling, roof traveling, touting, ticketless travel, unauthorized entry into coaches earmarked for ladies, unauthorized vending, trespass etc. and under the ‘Railway Property (Unlawful Possession) Act 1966’ to deal with offences related to theft, dishonest misappropriation and unlawful possession of railway property. The administrative set-up of the Railway Protection Force is as per the administrative set-up of the Indian Railways. Twelve (12) battalions of “Railway Protection Special Force” (RPSF), located in different parts of the country, also function under the Force for further strengthening of railway security. Separate specialized intelligence units in the name of Special Intelligence Branch (SIB) and Crime Intelligence Branch (CIB) also function from Divisional as well as Zonal Railways’ level for collection of special and criminal intelligence. Besides above, Stores, Dog Squad and Band are other constituent units of the Force at the level of Divisions and Zonal Railways. Sanctioned strength of the RPF is 75,704. State Police have a separate wing in the name of Government Railway Police (GRP) for the registration of crimes, their investigation and maintenance of peace & order within railway premises as well as running trains. Sanctioned strength of GRP is about 38,000 over Indian Railways. 50% of the cost on GRPs is shared by the Railways with respective States. Besides GRP, concerned District Police is responsible for protection and security of railway tracks, bridges and tunnels. Measures initiated by the RPF for security of passengers and passenger area: yy Escorting of about 2000 important Mail/Express trains daily in addition to escorting of 2200 important Mail/Express trains by the GRP personnel. yy Escorting of ladies compartments of suburban trains during night hours in coordination with GRP staff. yy Access control at important railway stations.

145 yy Keeping vigil at station platforms, yards and circulating areas against anti social elements and surveillance through CCTV cameras from control rooms. yy Prosecution of offenders for unauthorized vending/hawking, entry into ladies and reserved compartments, touting of tickets, trespassing, roof traveling, unauthorized alarm chain pulling etc. under relevant provisions of the Railways Act. Performance of RPF on compliance of the provisions under various sections of the Railways Act 1989 and the Railway Property (Unlawful Possession) Act 1966 during the year 2014-15 vis-à-vis 2013-14, is as follows:

Cases registered under the Railways Act 1989 Year No. of persons No. of persons Amount of fine prosecuted convicted realized ( in lakh) ( in lakh) ( ` in crore) 2013-14 20.26 19.68 53.09 2014-15 17.90 17.25 50.75

Cases registered under the RP(UP) Act 1966 Year No. of cases Value of property No. of persons detected recovered( ` in crore) arrested 2013-14 5,496 3.81 6,550 2014-15 4,795 2.88 5,434 Performance of RPF in detection of IPC offences during the year 2014 -15 (upto June 2015) is as under Nature of offence No. of cases Arrest made detected Drugging 102 121 Luggage lifting 533 457 Carrying of illegal arms 29 43 Chain snatching 141 133 Pick-pocketing 294 374 Trafficking of contraband goods 543 317 Cases of offences against women 97 112 Other criminal offences 427 616 Minor girls and boys rescued 7,063

146 Special measures for women security:

At present, there are about 2400 lady personnel in RPF (including 1,000 newly recruited lady constables). Further, recruitment of another 2,030 Lady Constables is under process. All the ladies special trains running in metropolitan cities are being escorted by lady RPF constables. Ladies compartments in local trains are being escorted by RPF and GRP during peak/non-peak hours. Staff deployment is made during late night and early morning local trains to ensure proper security to the lady passengers. Public awareness programmes with regard to security of women passengers. Special squad including lady RPF Sub Inspectors and Constables has been formed at Divisional level for providing assistance to women passengers. To improve representation of women in the Force, 10% of all posts advertized in the rank of constable & SI are earmarked to be filled up by women. Training:

At present 13 Training Centers and one Central Training Institute (CTI) are catering to the training needs of RPF personnel. Specialized training/ courses are also conducted for RPF Officers and staff at training institutes of other CPOs, CBI etc. RPF personnel are also undergoing training as per the training schedule chalked out by Bureau of Police Research and Development (BPR&D) for Police/ Central Armed Police Force. RPF at overseas:

Railway Protection Force forms part of Security Division of International Union of Railways (UIC), Paris, France, as representative of Indian Railways for coordination with security agencies engaged in railway security in the member countries. Currently DG/RPF is holding the charge of Chairman of the UIC Security Platform. RPF personnel are also working overseas under the aegis of UN Peace Keeping Missions in countries like Kosovo, Sudan, Cyprus etc. They are also rendering invaluable services at Indian Missions abroad under the Ministry of External Affairs in China, Russia, Bangladesh, Kenya among other countries.

147 Meritorious Service: During the year 2014-15, 62 RPF/RPSF personnel have been awarded with Police Medals for distinguished and meritorious services by the President of India. Initiatives for Improved Security Environment over Indian Railways A 24x7 security helpline has been made functional through Security Control Rooms of RPF to provide round the clock security related assistance to passengers. This Helpline is functioning through a toll free three digit no. 182 allotted by the Ministry of Telecommunication An All India Security Helpline ‘1800-111-322’ has also been made operational at Railway Board to enable passengers to seek security related assistance round the clock. ‘RPF Security Management System’ (RSMS) has been successfully implemented at 187 locations over Western and Central Railways and Security Control Rooms of RPF under pilot project. Roll-out phase has been sanctioned under Works Programme 2014-15. An Integrated Security System (ISS) is being implemented at an approved cost of ` 353 crore over 202 sensitive stations of the country. CCTV surveillance cameras have already been installed at 90 stations under ISS. Besides above, 113 baggage scanners, 206 Doorframe Metal Detector (DFMDS), 997 Hand Held Metal Detector (HHMD) & 40 Bomb Detection (BD) items have so far been installed under ISS. 16,388 recruits were sent for initial training at training centers of RPF, Central Armed Police Forces (CAPF) and State Police. These recruits who were found medically fit and after completion of initial as well as practical training, have been inducted into field units by respective Zonal Railways as well as RPSF. CUG facility has been extended to RPF escort parties with sanction of 4000 CUG SIMs. Thus, RPF is toiling 24x7 to secure the Indian Railways in every possible manner so as to ensure smooth movement of freight and passenger traffic. The efforts of the Force are well coordinated with the sister departments of railways and the civil administration which lead to realization of the essence of its motto “Yasho Labhasva”.

148 Vigilance

Vigilance Organization plays a very important role in the area of management in the Railways. It investigates complaints, conducts sample checks in respect of managerial decisions, with a view to determine their conformity to objectivity, transparency and concordance with extant rules and procedures. Vigilance working has four facets: (1) Preventive Vigilance (2) Participative Vigilance (3) Punitive Vigilance and (4) Pro-active Vigilance. Preventive Vigilance: The objective here is to disseminate knowledge across a wide cross section of railway officials, suggest system rationalization measures for imparting greater transparency and predictability catalyse use of technology in decision making and create greater awareness amongst the public on issues relating to corruption mitigation. Some of the steps taken in this direction during the year 2014-15 were: yy A total of 20,363 Preventive Checks were conducted throughout the Railways. yy A total of 27 bulletins, including “Chetna Ahwan” by the Railway Board, were released for circulation. yy Print and electronic media was extensively utilized by all Zonal Railways, Production Units and Public Sector for conducting extensive public campaigns during Vigilance Awareness Week, 2014. yy A total of 36 system rationalization measures were mooted in various Departments like Civil Engineering, Traffic Commercial, Electrical and S&T, Stores and Personnel etc. yy Participative Vigilance: yy Vig Eye: Considerable importance has been laid on exhorting citizens to make use of the ‘Vig Eye’ facility set up by the Central Vigilance Commission and 24 hour vigilance helpline (Helpline No.155210) of the Railways. In addition to this, the email addresses of vigilance officers are posted on the website.

149 yy Vigilance Awareness Week is celebrated every year during the last week of October or first week of November to educate the general public regarding the facilities available in the department and also ways and means to lodge complaints. Last year, the same was observed between 26th October and 1st November. yy Counseling: As many as 50 Workshops/seminars/interactive sessions were conducted on topical issues by Vigilance in 2014-15 in which Officers, senior supervisors and other railway personnel representing various levels and disciplines participated; the primary focus was to inculcate greater awareness of rules, procedures and, most importantly, the pitfalls that need to be steered clear of. In the training programme that is conducted annually for Vigilance Inspectors and Investigating Inspectors at the Diesel Loco Shed/Tughlakabad, a total of 80 personnel participated in two schedules from 26.5.2014 to 30.05.2014 and 02.06.2014 to 06.06.2014. Punitive Vigilance: A statement showing number of officials against whom disciplinary action in vigilance-investigated cases was initiated along with the number of cases finalized, during April 2014 to March 2015 is given below:

Vigilance investigated cases 2014-15 Number of officials against whom disciplinary proceedings were 5,673 initiated. Number of officials against whom disciplinary proceedings resulted in 1,075 imposition of major penalty Number of officials against whom disciplinary proceedings resulted in 5,253 imposition of minor penalty Proactive Vigilance: yy Conducting surprise checks in areas of mass contact (like reservation offices, ticket booking counters, luggages /parcel and goods booking offices, on-board passenger-carrying etc) in the accountal /disposal of scrap, loading of freight wagons and parcel vans (primarily with a view to detect/control incidences of overloading) etc. During the calendar year 2014, these measures resulted in realization of revenues to the tune of ` 76.86 crore. yy Scrutinizing at least 20% of Annual Property Returns filed by Officers. yy Monitoring implementation of policy guidelines on rotational transfers of officials occupying sensitive posts.

150 Preserving IR’s Heritage

Indian Railways have a glorious history and rich heritage spanning over 160 years. The advent of Railways in India has influenced the social, economic and cultural fabric of the country. The Indian Railways have been and continue to be the ‘Lifeline of the Nation’. National Rail Museum in New Delhi: The National Rail Museum was set up in New Delhi in 1971 to showcase vibrant and rich history of IR. The Museum houses extensive collection of history, heritage, romance and nostalgia of India’s rail heritage through its life size exhibits ranging from vintage steam, diesel and electric locomotives, coaches, saloons, wagons and cranes dating as far back as 1862. One of the exhibits housed earlier was the ‘Guinness Book of World Record’ holder steam locomotive ‘Fairy Queen’ manufactured in 1855 which is the oldest steam locomotive in working order and is used for tourist services from Delhi. Other prime exhibits include the steam locomotive ‘Ramgotty’ of 1862, priceless saloons of royalty, ‘Patiala State Monorail train’ of 1907, a ‘Fireless Locomotive’ and the ‘Morris Fire Engine’ of 1914. The indoor gallery has

The First Heritage Royapuram Railway Station in Chennai, Southern Railway

151 a vast collection of working and stationary models, miniature train systems and rail equipment of historical importance. The ‘Rail Archives’ unfolds the evolution and expansion of the Railways in India. A state-of-the-art Auditorium with a capacity of 200 seats in the Museum complex provides facilities for holding conferences, film projections and stage shows. The Museum is a prime attraction on the tourist circuit of Delhi. Encouraged by its success, Indian Railways has set up four regional Rail Museums located at Kolkata, Chennai, Nagpur and Mysore. A Rail Museum at Lonavala for Western Region is also being set up. In addition, a Mini- Museum at Shimla on the Kalka Shimla Railway and at ‘Ghoom’ on the Darjeeling Himalayan Railways have been set up. There are four World Heritage Sites on Indian Railways. These include the following: (i) Darjeeling Himalayan Railways (DHR) - inscribed by UNESCO in 1999 : The Darjeeling Himalayan Railway consists of 88.48 kilometres of 2 feet (0.610 metre) gauge track that connects New Jalpaiguri with Darjeeling, passing through Ghoom at an altitude of 2,258 metres. The innovative design includes six zigzag reverses and three loops with a ruling gradient of 1:31. (ii) Nilgiri Mountain Railways (NMR) – inscribed by UNESCO in 2005: This railway, scaling an elevation of 326 metre to 2,203 metre, represented the latest technology of the time and uses unique rack and pinion traction arrangement to negotiate steep gradient. (iii) Kalk a Shimla Railway (KSR) – inscribed by UNESCO in 2008: The world’s highest multi-arc gallery bridge and the world’s longest tunnel (at the time of construction) of KSR were the testimony of the brilliance engineering skills applied to make a dream a reality. (iv) Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus, Mumbai (CSTM) – inscribed by UNESCO in 2004: Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus, Mumbai is commonly known as Bombay V.T. The building is an outstanding example of late 19th century railway architecture in the British commonwealth characterized by Victoria Gothic Revival and traditional Indian features as well as its advanced structural and technical features.

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