Summer 2019 Belfer Center Newsletter
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Summer 2019 www.belfercenter.org OUR ONE EARTH ACTING ON THE CLIMATE CRISIS PAGES 4–5 “Our real aim should be not simply to limit the amount of climate change that occurs (mitigation), but also to reduce the actual harm to society and to ecosystems from the changes in climate that can no longer be avoided (adaptation). Limiting the harm overall will require enormous efforts in both mitigation and adaptation, all around the world.” –JOHN P. HOLDREN PLUS: Big Tech & Democracy · Ethics in Intelligence · U.S.-Russia Blueprint From the Director n today’s tight labor market, competition * * * Ifor talented young people is fierce. Here at One reason the Belfer Center has such strong Harvard Kennedy School, that means many academic impact is because of the excellence of Staff Spotlight: graduating students are entertaining several its quarterly journal, International Security, and Amanda Sardonis attractive job offers. No doubt they’ll make their its long-time editor, Sean Lynn-Jones. Sean new employers happy. retired this year after three decades of outstand- Amanda Sardonis loves and lives her work. More important than their performance, ing service, leading the journal to a repeated No. As Associate Director of the Environment and however, is the spirit of public purpose they 1 worldwide ranking. Sean is also an influential Natural Resources Program (ENRP), she sup- bring to their work. This is true for both writer and scholar: His 1998 article, “Why the ports the program’s research, manages student government and private-sector roles. United States Should Spread Democracy,” has engagement and fellowship programs—including Let’s not kid ourselves: governance is hard, become a classic. Given his return visits to the the full-tuition Roy Fellowship—and runs the especially in democratic nations. It’s messy, Center and continued engagement with scholars, entire selection process for the prestigious Roy inefficient, and contentious. Which is all the Sean may be failing retirement. But he has suc- Award for Environmental Partnership presented more reason for skillful, ethically-centered HKS ceeded in helping us recruit an outstanding new by Harvard Kennedy School every two years. A big part of her job is staying on top of what’s “The need for happening in the environmental space so she can help students engage in relevant fieldwork. This MARTHA STEWART MARTHA leaders who feel awareness is also essential in managing the Roy responsibility for Award selection, a lengthy process that seeks the most effective environmental partnerships in the the public good is world. Her ENRP portfolio is full and varied, but she arguably even more is especially proud of her work with the Roy Award. important in the “We’re shining a light on good things that are Professor Tarek Masoud congratulates new U.S. citizens as he private sector.” happening around the world environmentally,” she hands them their naturalization certificates. says. These partnerships “are extremely import- ant and very hard to do, and the participants don’t graduates to enter the fray. From Capitol Hill editor, Morgan Kaplan. Morgan, a former Belfer generally get the recognition they deserve.” and other nations’ capitals to federal, state, and Center fellow, joins us from the Buffet Institute local agencies that work for citizens’ security for Global Studies at Northwestern. Inspired by the Roy Award, she wrote her Harvard and rights, ensure electoral integrity, provide * * * masters thesis on “Measuring Success in environmental protection, and collaborate with On a recent quiet Monday afternoon, the Environmental Partnerships” and leads a research international partners, graduates have numer- sounds of “America the Beautiful” filled our project on partnership effectiveness, analyzing ous ways to apply their talent and dedication on halls. A singer was performing at a citizenship data collected from the program since 2003. behalf of something larger than self. ceremony in the JFK Jr. Forum. Men and women The need for leaders who feel responsibility from over 25 countries had assembled to take Outside of work, Sardonis tries to be conscious of for the public good is arguably even more the oath of citizenship. Several HKS faculty her family’s carbon footprint. Choosing not to own important in the private sector. The challenges members, including the Belfer Center’s Meghan a car, she rides her three-person bike year-round, we face today are too daunting for any O’Sullivan and Tarek Masoud, shared remarks dropping off and picking up her six- and four-year government alone. Engineers, consultants, about ideas many of us take for granted: free- olds at school and daycare. A vegetarian, she marketers, and senior managers must all feel dom, democracy, and self-government. As new loves to cook and her kids choose what vegetables a stake in solving our common problems. citizens took their oath with great reverence, they to grow in their community garden plot. Increasingly, HKS grads will transition between personified America’s unique motto: e pluribus the public and private sectors multiple times in unum—out of many, one. The same unity of spirit In her 13 years at ENRP, she has managed a number their lifetime—bringing a mentality of service fills the HKS commencement tent. Families from of projects and interacted with hundreds of “amaz- and a set of skills with them that edify their over 100 countries salute graduates who share the ing” students and leaders. Witnessing the positive professional environments. same ambition: Ask what you can do. impact of that work, she says, is “pretty cool.” 2 Newsletter | summer 2019 In a round-table discussion of potential legislative solutions for governing the technology issues of privacy, bias, discrimination, and access, Democracy Fund’s Paul Waters makes a point. Other participants at the table included: former FCC Commissioner Mignon Clyburn (center), Ambassador Philip Verveer (right), and congressional staffers. Big Tech and Democracy: Policy Approaches to Address Tech Platforms by Bogdan Belei echnology has reached a critical juncture in TAmerican society. The unfettered optimism The 116th Congress of recent decades is now tempered by rising will face pressure to concerns over privacy and security, the impact of disinformation campaigns, and increasing shape technological calls for digital accountability. It is clear that innovation through the 116th Congress will face pressure to shape technological innovation through policies that policies that protect protect and serve the best interests of their var- and serve the best ious constituents. In March, two projects at Harvard interests of their Kennedy School—the Technology and Public TAPP’s Ash Carter and Laura Manley walk to the Big Tech work- constituents. shop at the Capitol in Washington, D.C. Purpose (TAPP) Project at the Belfer Center and the Platform Accountability Project at the existing toolbox of self-regulation, antitrust, critical role in setting this agenda by launching the Shorenstein Center for Media, Politics and regulatory solutions. hearings and engaging diverse actors. and Public Policy—hosted a workshop in the The opening panel featured experts who The discussions surfaced four key insights Capitol Visitors’ Center for congressional staff were centrally involved with some of the major on tech policy challenges facing Congress and to identify and discuss policy approaches to the reforms in telecommunications and media. They how legislators could more effectively engage dilemmas of big tech platforms. The day-long included: Toni Bush, former Senate Commerce with the dilemmas of big tech: workshop sought to create an open space for Senior Counsel; Mignon Clyburn, former FCC discussion among congressional staffers and Commissioner; Dipayan Ghosh, Pozen Fellow 1. The digital marketplace and new business experts in the field, and included chiefs of staff, at the Shorenstein Center and former Privacy models are creating gaps in governance committee counsels, and legislative directors and Public Policy Advisor at Facebook; Gene authority and coordination; from both Senate and House offices. Kimmelman, former Chief Counsel of the 2. A healthy mix between self-regulation and In his opening comments, Belfer Center Justice Department’s Antitrust Division; Hong government policy is necessary; Director and former Secretary of Defense Ash Qu, Program Director for Technology at the 3. Congressional hearings are underutilized Carter, who heads the Belfer Center’s TAPP Shorenstein Center and former User Interface on technology-relevant topics; Project, emphasized the responsibility that pol Designer at YouTube; and Tom Wheeler, former 4. Tech policy debates are still ‘pre-partisan.’ icymakers have in shaping emerging technology. FCC Chairman. By drawing parallels to other “disruptive tech” The panelists explored the multitude of The current tech policy environment from the past, such as nuclear technology, Carter issues at play in the big tech space, such as is nascent and presents a rare opportunity stressed the historic opportunity to shape today’s competition, content accountability, privacy to advance sustainable solutions through a technology for the human good: “Once invented, and security, accessibility, and protection of civil united, bipartisan front. it can’t be undone.” Carter said case studies from rights and liberties. They agreed that any path other revolutionary communication technol- toward sustainable policy solutions must begin See the full report at ogies—such as the postal service, telegraph, with a public debate and that Congress has a belfercenter.org/tech-democracy radio, and telephone—can provide insight into Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs 3 ACTING ON THE CLIMATE CRISIS WHAT MUST WE DO NOW? JASON CHAPMAN JASON MARTHA STWEART MARTHA John Holdren and Ireland’s Mary Robinson. Henry Lee in Beijing. Robert Stavins at COP-24 in Poland. What would be sensible targets for and What advances in the technologies What are the opportunities and key ingredients of national and global of energy supply and use are most challenges of carbon-pricing as an strategies for addressing the climate needed to cope with the climate element of U.S.