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Montano Occidental guía dinámica de los anfibios del bosque montano occidental santiago ron coordinador editorial Lista de especies Número de especies: 148 Anura Hemiphractidae Gastrotheca cornuta, Rana marsupial cornuda Gastrotheca espeletia, Rana marsupial de La Cocha Gastrotheca guentheri, Rana marsupial dentada Gastrotheca litonedis, Rana marsupial azuaya Gastrotheca plumbea, Rana marsupial bromelícola Gastrotheca pseustes, Rana marsupial de San Lucas Gastrotheca dendronastes, Rana marsupial del río Calima Gastrotheca lateonota, Rana marsupial de Huancabamba Gastrotheca riobambae, Rana marsupial de Quito Gastrotheca lojana, Rana marsupial lojana Hemiphractus fasciatus, Rana de cabeza triangular de Günther Bufonidae Atelopus arthuri, Jambato de Bolívar Atelopus balios, Jambato del río Pescado Atelopus bomolochos, Jambato de Cuenca Atelopus coynei, Jambato del río Faisanes Atelopus guanujo, Puca sapo Atelopus longirostris, Jambato esquelético Atelopus mindoensis, Jambato de Mindo Atelopus onorei, Jambato de Onore Atelopus angelito, Jambato angelito Atelopus lynchi, Jambato de Lynch Atelopus pastuso, Jambato pastuso Atelopus ignescens, Jambato negro Osornophryne occidentalis, Osornosapo de occidente Rhaebo colomai, Sapo andino de Coloma Rhaebo olallai, Sapo andino de Tandayapa Rhaebo caeruleostictus, Sapo de Chanchan Rhinella alata, Sapo del Obispo Rhinella horribilis, Sapo gigante de Veracruz Centrolenidae Centrolene gemmatum, Rana de cristal del cotopaxi Centrolene lynchi, Rana de cristal de Lynch Centrolene scirtetes, Rana de cristal de Tandayapa Centrolene ballux, Rana de cristal de puntos dorados Centrolene buckleyi, Rana de cristal altoandina de Buckley Centrolene geckoideum, Rana de cristal gigante Centrolene heloderma, Rana de cristal verrugosa Centrolene peristictum, Rana de cristal de Tandapi Cochranella balionota, Rana de cristal de puntos canela Hyalinobatrachium fleischmanni, Rana de cristal de San José Hyalinobatrachium valerioi, Rana de cristal reticulada Nymphargus lasgralarias, Rana de cristal de Las Gralarias Nymphargus buenaventura, Rana de cristal de Buenaventura Nymphargus griithsi, Rana de cristal de Ecuador Nymphargus grandisonae, Rana de cristal sarampiona Espadarana prosoblepon, Rana de cristal variable Telmatobiidae Telmatobius niger, Uco de manchas naranjas Dendrobatidae Epipedobates anthonyi, Rana nodriza de la epibatidina Epipedobates tricolor, Rana nodriza tricolor ecuatoriana Epipedobates boulengeri, Rana nodriza de Boulenger Epipedobates darwinwallacei, Rana nodriza de Darwin y Wallace Hyloxalus awa, Rana cohete awa Hyloxalus jacobuspetersi, Rana cohete de Quito Hyloxalus toachi, Rana cohete de Toachi Hyloxalus vertebralis, Rana cohete de Cuenca Hyloxalus breviquartus, Rana cohete de Urrao Hyloxalus elachyhistus, Rana cohete de Loja Hyloxalus fallax, Rana cohete de Cotopaxi Hyloxalus infraguttatus, Rana cohete de Chimbo Hyloxalus lehmanni, Rana cohete de Lehmann Hyloxalus maquipucuna, Rana cohete Maquipucuna Hyloxalus whymperi, Rana cohete de Tanti Hyloxalus delatorreae, Rana cohete de Stella Ectopoglossus confusus, Rana nodriza confusa Hylidae Dendropsophus carnifex, Ranita arbórea de Lynch Hyloscirtus alytolylax, Rana de torrente de Tandapi Hyloscirtus larinopygion, Rana de torrente pastusa Hyloscirtus ptychodactylus, Rana de torrente de Pilaló Hyloscirtus princecharlesi, Rana de torrente de Cuellaje Hyloscirtus criptico, Rana de torrente críptica Boana pellucens, Rana arbórea de Palmar Smilisca phaeota, Rana bueyera Strabomantidae Pristimantis apiculatus, Cutín de la Planada Pristimantis achatinus, Cutín común de occidente Pristimantis calcarulatus, Cutín de espolones Pristimantis floridus, Cutín de Sigchos Pristimantis leoni, Cutín de León Pristimantis luteolateralis, Cutín de Tandapi Pristimantis parvillus, Cutín de Pichincha Pristimantis truebae, Cutín de Trueb Pristimantis vertebralis, Cutín vertebral Pristimantis w-nigrum, Cutín Cualita Pristimantis walkeri, Cutín de Walker Pristimantis yumbo, Cutín yumbo Pristimantis appendiculatus, Cutín hocicudo Pristimantis actites, Cutín lomo amaríllo Pristimantis buckleyi, Cutín de Imbabura Pristimantis cajamarcensis, Cutín de Cajamarca Pristimantis celator, Cutín de La Delicia Pristimantis chalceus, Cutín del valle Pristimantis crucifer, Cutín del Porvenir Pristimantis degener, Cutín naranja Pristimantis dissimulatus, Cutín tomate Pristimantis duellmani, Cutín de Duellman Pristimantis eremitus, Cutín de Chiriboga Pristimantis eugeniae, Cutín de Eugenia Pristimantis gentryi, Cutín de Pilalo Pristimantis hamiotae, Cutín de Nono Pristimantis hectus, Cutín pequeño de Nariño Pristimantis illotus, Cutín de Mindo Pristimantis laticlavius, Cutín de franjas amarillas Pristimantis loustes, Cutín de Maldonado Pristimantis lucidosignatus, Cutín de las Pampas Pristimantis lymani, Cutín de Lyman Pristimantis muricatus, Cutín del río Faisanes Pristimantis ocellatus, Cutín ocelado Pristimantis onorei, Cutín de Onore Pristimantis orcesi, Cutín de Orcés Pristimantis ortizi, Cutín de Ortiz Pristimantis phoxocephalus, Cutín silvador Pristimantis pteridophilus, Cutín de La Delicia Pristimantis pyrrhomerus, Cutín del Pilalo de Lynch Pristimantis quinquagesimus, Cutín de Zapadores Pristimantis riveti, Cutín de Riveti Pristimantis romanorum, Cutín de Román Pristimantis ruidus, Cutín de Molleturo Pristimantis scolodiscus, Cutín melón Pristimantis simonbolivari, Cutín de Simón Bolívar Pristimantis unistrigatus, Cutín de Quito Pristimantis sirnigeli, Cutín de Simpson Pristimantis sobetes, Cutín de ojos rojos Pristimantis surdus, Cutín sordo Pristimantis thymalopsoides, Cutín mayor de Pilaló Pristimantis verecundus, Cutín de Zacualtipan Pristimantis rufoviridis, Cutín verde de manchas rojas Pristimantis labiosus, Cutín trompudo Pristimantis colomai, Cutín de Coloma Pristimantis carlosceroni, Cutín verde de Cerón Pristimantis mindo, Cutín de Mindo Pristimantis munozi, Cutín de Muñoz Pristimantis mutabilis, Cutín Mutable Pristimantis pahuma, Cutín del el Pahuma Pristimantis cedros, cutín de Los Cedros Pristimantis nyctophylax, Cutín vigilante Pristimantis pichincha, Cutín de Pichincha Pristimantis allpapuyu, Cutín Allpapuyu Pristimantis ecuadorensis, Ecuadorian rainfrog Noblella coloma, Rana sureña de Coloma Strabomantis anatipes, Cutín bocón de Maldonado Strabomantis cerastes, Cutín bocón de Palma Real Strabomantis helonotus, Cutín bocón del río Pitzara Strabomantis necerus, Cutín bocón de Mindo Hypodactylus babax, Rana gorda de Nariño Leptodactylidae Leptodactylus peritoaktites, Rana terrestre de la selva costera de Ecuador Eleutherodactylidae Diasporus gularis, Rana naranja de Esmeraldas Gymnophiona Caeciliidae Caecilia guntheri, Cecilia de Gunther Caecilia pachynema, Cecilia de Intac Rhinatrematidae Epicrionops bicolor, Cecilia bicolor Epicrionops marmoratus, Cecilia marmoleada Anura Hemiphractidae Gastrotheca cornuta Rana marsupial cornuda Boulenger (1898) Orden: Anura | Familia: Hemiphractidae Regiones naturales Bosque Húmedo Tropical del Chocó, Bosque Piemontano Occidental, Bosque Montano Occidental Pisos Altitudinales Tropical occidental Identificación Machos Longitud Rostro-cloacal promedio = 66.7 mm (rango 44.1–81.1 mm; n=30) (Duellman 2015) Hembras Longitud Rostro-cloacal promedio = 70.8 mm (rango 51.2–77.4 mm; n=8) (Duellman 2015) Rana mediana a grande sin co-osificación craneal; piel del dorso lisa con crestas tranversales lisas. Presenta apéndices triangulares a manera de solapa sobre el párpado superior; calcar triangular en los talones. Dorso café con franjas transversales de color café oscuro a negro; flancos café oscuro; vientre crema. Dedo manual I del mismo largo que el II; dedos manuales membranados basalmente; membrana en los dedos pediales se extiende máximo hasta el tubérculo subarticular del Dedo IV y V. A diferencia de Gastrotheca cornuta, Gastrotheca dendronastes presenta crestas transversales tuberculosas, dorso rugoso, Dedo manual I más largo que el II, líneas longitudinales oscuras en los flancos, y tubérculos pequeños en los talones (crestas lisas, dorso liso, Dedo manual I igual al II, flancos con puntos oscuros longitudinales, y talón con calcar triangular en Gastrotheca cornuta). Se diferencia de Gastrotheca angustifrons por presentar calcares triangulares en los talones, apéndices triangulares a manera de solapa sobre el párpado superior, y flancos con puntos oscuros longitudinales (talón con un tubérculo, apéndices sobre el párpado superior ausentes, y flancos sin marcas en Gastrotheca angustifrons) (Duellman 2015). Descripción Es una rana de tamaño mediano a grande con la siguiente combinación de caracteres (modificado de Duellman 2015): (1) cabeza no co- osificada, ligeramente más ancha que larga, casi tan ancha como el cuerpo; (2) hocico redondeado en vista dorsal, inclinado bruscamente anteroventralmente, casi truncado en vista lateral; (3) canthus rostralis angular transversalmente y ligeramente curvo; región loreal claramente cóncava; labios redondeados; (4) parte superior de la cabeza ligeramente deprimida; zona internarial plana; fosas nasales ligeramente protuberantes; (5) tímpano verticalmente ovoide, separado desde el ojo por una distancia doble de la longitud del tímpano; anillo timpánico indistinto y tuberculoso; pliegue supratimpánico débil, se extiende directamente por detrás de la esquina posterior de la órbita y oscurece el borde superior del tímpano; (6) brazo moderadamente delgado; tubérculos ulnares ausentes; (7) dedos manuales largos y esbeltos; dedos externos palmeados basalmente; discos de los dedos grandes, ligeramente más anchos
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