DOCSLIB.ORG

Transforming Homeland Security: US and European Approaches

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Transforming Homeland Security: US and European Approaches Transforming Homeland Security: U.S. and European Approaches Esther Brimmer, Editor Brimmer, Esther, editor. Transforming Homeland Security: U.S. and European Approaches (Washington, DC: Center for Transatlantic Relations, 2006). © Center for Transatlantic Relations, 2006 Center for Transatlantic Relations The Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies The Johns Hopkins University 1717 Massachusetts Ave., NW, Suite 525 Washington, D.C. 20036 Tel: 202-663-5880 Fax: 202-663-5879 Email: [email protected] http://transatlantic.sais-jhu.edu ISBN 0-9766434-4-8 Cover photograph: “Pristina Sport Palace on Fire—COMKFOR Gen. Reinhardt and U.N. Fire Chief Robert Triozzi.” KFOR Photos. Available at http://www.nato.int/kfor/multimedia/photos/2000/lr/pic00024_lr.jpg Table of Contents Acknowledgements . v Preface . vii Esther Brimmer Introduction: Transforming Homeland Security: A Road Map for the Transatlantic Alliance . ix Daniel S. Hamilton Implications of Homeland Security for Rethinking Transatlantic Security Chapter 1 Homeland Security and Transformation: Why It Is Essential to Bring Together Both Agendas . 3 Heiko Borchert Chapter 2 From Territorial Security to Societal Security: Implications for the Transatlantic Strategic Outlook . 23 Esther Brimmer Chapter 3 Transatlantic Homeland Security and the Challenge of Diverging Risk Perceptions . 43 Gerd Föhrenbach Transatlantic Cooperation on Homeland Security: What Do We Need to Do? What Do We Need to Do Together? Chapter 4 The Concept of Homeland Security in the European Union and in Austria—A challenge for the Austrian EU presidency . 59 Gustav Gustenau iv Transforming Homeland Security Chapter 5 What Does the United States Need to Do? The United States and Homeland Security . 81 Lawrence J. Korb Chapter 6 Structures and Cultures—Civil Military Cooperation in Homeland Security: The Danish Case . 95 Anja Dalgaard-Nielsen Chapter 7 The EU’s Approach to Homeland Security: Balancing Safety and European Ideals . 115 Gustav Lindstrom Connecting Key Capacities Chapter 8 Defending Critical Infrastructure and Systems . 133 Sandra J. Bell Chapter 9 Intelligence Cooperation and Homeland Security . 153 Yves Boyer Chapter 10 Homeland Security and the Role of Business . 163 Pauline Neville-Jones and Neil Fisher About the Authors . 171 Acknowledgements This book results from collaboration among the Center for Transatlantic Relations at the Johns Hopkins University’s Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies (CTR), the Politisch- Militärische Gesellschaft (PMG), and the Danish Institute for International Studies (DIIS). CTR would like to thank its partners for their support and dynamic and effective cooperation throughout the project. In particular, we would like to thank Col. Ralph Thiele, Dr. Heiko Borchert, and Dr. Anja Dalgaard-Nielsen. We convened two meetings of the authors and other experts, one in Berlin in September 2005 and one in Washington, DC, in November 2005. We would like to thank Katrien Maes and Jeanette Murphy at the Center for Transatlantic Relations and Anna Sturm at the Politisch-Militärische Gesellschaft for their help organizing the authors’ meetings and Carrie Schenkel and Medlir Mema, also of CTR, for their help with the text and charts. The project was kindly supported by the Transatlantic Program of the Federal Republic of Germany with funds of the European Recovery Program of the Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology (BMWI). We also want to acknowledge support from the European Commission and the EU Center of Excellence Washington DC. The Center for Transatlantic Relations will continue to address these issues as part of the newly formed Johns Hopkins University-led National Center for the Study of Preparedness and Catastrophic Event Response (PACER), a research consortium created by the United States Department of Homeland Security. Each author writes in his or her personal capacity. The views expressed are their own and not those of their institutions. Esther Brimmer vi Transforming Homeland Security vii Preface Many countries are considering how to reorganize civilian and mil- itary resources to meet the challenges of “homeland security.” The issues raised are diverse and complex, ranging from infrastructure pro- tection to social cohesion to the role of the military in a democratic society. This book was conceived as an examination of various approaches to these topics. The project took on added urgency as authors wrote in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, which struck the United States in August 2005. Esther Brimmer viii Transforming Homeland Security Introduction: Transforming Homeland Security: A Road Map for the Transatlantic Alliance Daniel S. Hamilton This volume addresses the need for the United States and Europe to transform their respective approaches to homeland security in ways that are more attuned to 21st century challenges. Effective homeland security may begin at home, but in an age of catastrophic terrorism no nation is home alone. If Europeans and Americans are to be safer than they are today, individual national efforts must be aligned with more effective transatlantic cooperation. While there has been no effort to force consensus among the authors in this volume, a basic theme does connect the various contri- butions: if the U.S. and its partners are to protect their societies more effectively, they must go beyond piecemeal extensions of current poli- cies. They must better understand and seek to bridge differing approaches on each side of the Atlantic; better understand what they are protecting; transform public-private and civil-military relation- ships; adopt network-centric approaches; and include homeland secu- rity as a high profile mission of key institutions and transatlantic mechanisms. This chapter seeks to extract from the various contribu- tions lessons of relevance to policymakers and practitioners on both sides of the Atlantic. Overcoming Some Hurdles If Europe and the United States are to “transform” their respective approaches to homeland security and chart some type of common path together, they first need to understand better the different paths each has been on until now. Six issues have consistently plagued transatlantic cooperation. xTransforming Homeland Security Definitional debates Just as the American term “homeland security” is largely unfamiliar to many Europeans, most Americans are unfamiliar with European concepts such as “resilience” or “societal security,” or with experiences Europeans have gained from combating domestic terrorism. Americans tend to focus on the anti-terrorist elements of “homeland security,” whereas Europeans tend to focus on the civilian emergency response or law enforcement elements of “societal security.” Over the past few years each side has become more attuned to the concerns of the other, but when Europeans and Americans meet they still tend to get lost in definitional debates. Homeland security has been advanced in the United States as a sys- tematic attempt to reduce society’s vulnerabilities and to build capabili- ties to deal with massive terrorist strikes, should they occur. Although U.S. emergency planners have experience with “all-hazard” approaches to threat and risk, between September 2001 and September 2005 home- land security came to be associated more narrowly with the anti-terrorist campaign. Homeland security is even defined in the U.S. National Strategy for Homeland Security as “a concerted national effort to pre- vent terrorist attacks within the U.S., reduce America’s vulnerability to terrorism, and minimize the damage and recover from attacks that do occur.”1 In sum, American homeland security is widely conceived as a broad-based effort to prevent, protect, respond and recover from terror—an effort involving multiple actors, covering numerous socie- tal sectors and professions, and many levels of government. In September 2005, Hurricane Katrina demonstrated forcefully that not all homeland security challenges stem from terrorism, and exposed dysfunctional response and recovery systems at every level of government. It remains unclear, however, whether the failure to cope with the devastation wrought by this natural disaster will prompt an adequate retooling of homeland security approaches. In Europe there is no generally accepted definition of the term homeland security. Whereas U.S. homeland security has been driven by the counterterrorist agenda, European efforts to protect society 1 National Strategy for Homeland Security, Office of Homeland Security, Washington, DC July 2003, p. 2. Introduction xi have derived largely from civilian emergency response communities working with domestic law enforcement agencies. In this volume, Gustav Gustenau attempts a “European” definition of homeland secu- rity. He describes it as an interagency approach to protecting society that integrates public and private participants and is based on a com- prehensive concept of security encompassing naturally occurring dan- gers as well as the threat of terrorism. He identifies various homeland security areas and tasks, all of which would resonate with Americans, such as intelligence services and early warning; security of borders and transport; anti-terror measures, including defense against catastrophic terrorist attacks; protection of critical infrastructure; and reaction and aid in the case of natural disasters. There is as yet no Europe-wide consensus on such a “homeland security” definition, however, much less a common agenda. Nonetheless, some individual
Load more

Recommended publications
  • WIIS DC Think Tank Gender Scorecard – DATASET 2018 Index/Appendix: American Enterprise Institute (AEI) Foreign and Defense
    • Nonresident Fellow, Rafik Hariri Center for the WIIS DC Think Tank Gender Scorecard – Middle East: Mona Alami (F) DATASET 2018 Index/Appendix: • Nonresident Senior Fellow, Adrienne Arsht Latin America Center: Laura Albornoz Pollmann (F) • Nonresident Senior Fellow, Rafik Hariri Center for American Enterprise Institute (AEI) the Middle East: Ali Alfoneh (M) Foreign and Defense Policy Scholars in AEI: • Associate Director for Programs, Rafik Hariri Center • Visiting Scholar: Samuel J. Abrams (M) for the Middle East: Stefanie Hausheer Ali (F) • Wilson H. Taylor Scholar in Health Care and • Nonresident Senior Fellow, Cyber Statecraft Retirement Policy: Joseph Antos (M) Initiative: Dmitri Alperovitch (M) • Resident Scholar and Director of Russian Studies: • Nonresident Fellow, Rafik Hariri Center: Dr. Hussein Leon Aron (M) Amach (M) • Visiting Fellow: John P. Bailey (M) • Nonresident Fellow, Brent Scowcroft Center on • Resident Scholar: Claude Barfield (M) International Security: Dave Anthony (M) • Resident Fellow: Michael Barone (M) • Nonresident Senior Fellow, Global Energy Center: • Visiting Scholar: Robert J. Barro (M) Ragnheiður Elín Árnadóttir (F) • Visiting Scholar: Roger Bate (M) • Visiting Fellow, Brent Scowcroft Center on • Visiting Scholar: Eric J. Belasco (M) International Security/RUSI: Lisa Aronsson (F) • Resident Scholar: Andrew G. Biggs (M) • Executive Vice Chair, Atlantic Council Board of • Visiting Fellow: Edward Blum (M) Directors and International Advisory Board; Chair, • Director of Asian Studies and Resident Fellow: Dan Atlantic Council Business Development and New Blumenthal (M) Ventures Committee; Chairman Emerita, TotalBank • Senior Fellow: Karlyn Bowman (F) (no photo) • Resident Fellow: Alex Brill (M) • Atlantic Council Representative; Director, Atlantic • President; Beth and Ravenel Curry Scholar in Free Council IN TURKEY and Istanbul Summit: Defne Enterprise: Arthur C.
    [Show full text]
  • DIRECTING the Disorder the CFR Is the Deep State Powerhouse Undoing and Remaking Our World
    DEEP STATE DIRECTING THE Disorder The CFR is the Deep State powerhouse undoing and remaking our world. 2 by William F. Jasper The nationalist vs. globalist conflict is not merely an he whole world has gone insane ideological struggle between shadowy, unidentifiable and the lunatics are in charge of T the asylum. At least it looks that forces; it is a struggle with organized globalists who have way to any rational person surveying the very real, identifiable, powerful organizations and networks escalating revolutions that have engulfed the planet in the year 2020. The revolu- operating incessantly to undermine and subvert our tions to which we refer are the COVID- constitutional Republic and our Christian-style civilization. 19 revolution and the Black Lives Matter revolution, which, combined, are wreak- ing unprecedented havoc and destruction — political, social, economic, moral, and spiritual — worldwide. As we will show, these two seemingly unrelated upheavals are very closely tied together, and are but the latest and most profound manifesta- tions of a global revolutionary transfor- mation that has been under way for many years. Both of these revolutions are being stoked and orchestrated by elitist forces that intend to unmake the United States of America and extinguish liberty as we know it everywhere. In his famous “Lectures on the French Revolution,” delivered at Cambridge University between 1895 and 1899, the distinguished British historian and states- man John Emerich Dalberg, more com- monly known as Lord Acton, noted: “The appalling thing in the French Revolution is not the tumult, but the design. Through all the fire and smoke we perceive the evidence of calculating organization.
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Report
    COUNCIL ON FOREIGN RELATIONS ANNUAL REPORT July 1,1996-June 30,1997 Main Office Washington Office The Harold Pratt House 1779 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W. 58 East 68th Street, New York, NY 10021 Washington, DC 20036 Tel. (212) 434-9400; Fax (212) 861-1789 Tel. (202) 518-3400; Fax (202) 986-2984 Website www. foreignrela tions. org e-mail publicaffairs@email. cfr. org OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS, 1997-98 Officers Directors Charlayne Hunter-Gault Peter G. Peterson Term Expiring 1998 Frank Savage* Chairman of the Board Peggy Dulany Laura D'Andrea Tyson Maurice R. Greenberg Robert F Erburu Leslie H. Gelb Vice Chairman Karen Elliott House ex officio Leslie H. Gelb Joshua Lederberg President Vincent A. Mai Honorary Officers Michael P Peters Garrick Utley and Directors Emeriti Senior Vice President Term Expiring 1999 Douglas Dillon and Chief Operating Officer Carla A. Hills Caryl R Haskins Alton Frye Robert D. Hormats Grayson Kirk Senior Vice President William J. McDonough Charles McC. Mathias, Jr. Paula J. Dobriansky Theodore C. Sorensen James A. Perkins Vice President, Washington Program George Soros David Rockefeller Gary C. Hufbauer Paul A. Volcker Honorary Chairman Vice President, Director of Studies Robert A. Scalapino Term Expiring 2000 David Kellogg Cyrus R. Vance Jessica R Einhorn Vice President, Communications Glenn E. Watts and Corporate Affairs Louis V Gerstner, Jr. Abraham F. Lowenthal Hanna Holborn Gray Vice President and Maurice R. Greenberg Deputy National Director George J. Mitchell Janice L. Murray Warren B. Rudman Vice President and Treasurer Term Expiring 2001 Karen M. Sughrue Lee Cullum Vice President, Programs Mario L. Baeza and Media Projects Thomas R.
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Report 2018
    2018Annual Report Annual Report July 1, 2017–June 30, 2018 Council on Foreign Relations 58 East 68th Street, New York, NY 10065 tel 212.434.9400 1777 F Street, NW, Washington, DC 20006 tel 202.509.8400 www.cfr.org [email protected] OFFICERS DIRECTORS David M. Rubenstein Term Expiring 2019 Term Expiring 2022 Chairman David G. Bradley Sylvia Mathews Burwell Blair Effron Blair Effron Ash Carter Vice Chairman Susan Hockfield James P. Gorman Jami Miscik Donna J. Hrinak Laurene Powell Jobs Vice Chairman James G. Stavridis David M. Rubenstein Richard N. Haass Vin Weber Margaret G. Warner President Daniel H. Yergin Fareed Zakaria Keith Olson Term Expiring 2020 Term Expiring 2023 Executive Vice President, John P. Abizaid Kenneth I. Chenault Chief Financial Officer, and Treasurer Mary McInnis Boies Laurence D. Fink James M. Lindsay Timothy F. Geithner Stephen C. Freidheim Senior Vice President, Director of Studies, Stephen J. Hadley Margaret (Peggy) Hamburg and Maurice R. Greenberg Chair James Manyika Charles Phillips Jami Miscik Cecilia Elena Rouse Nancy D. Bodurtha Richard L. Plepler Frances Fragos Townsend Vice President, Meetings and Membership Term Expiring 2021 Irina A. Faskianos Vice President, National Program Tony Coles Richard N. Haass, ex officio and Outreach David M. Cote Steven A. Denning Suzanne E. Helm William H. McRaven Vice President, Philanthropy and Janet A. Napolitano Corporate Relations Eduardo J. Padrón Jan Mowder Hughes John Paulson Vice President, Human Resources and Administration Caroline Netchvolodoff OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS, Vice President, Education EMERITUS & HONORARY Shannon K. O’Neil Madeleine K. Albright Maurice R. Greenberg Vice President and Deputy Director of Studies Director Emerita Honorary Vice Chairman Lisa Shields Martin S.
    [Show full text]
  • The Islamic Tradition Human Rights Discourse
    Atlantic Council RAFIK HARIRI CENTER FOR THE MIDDLE EAST The Islamic Tradition AND THE Human Rights Discourse EDITED BY H.A. HELLYER The Islamic Tradition AND THE Human Rights Discourse EDITED BY H.A. HELLYER ISBN-13: 978-1-61977-557-2 Cover photo: Annie Spratt on Unsplash This report is written and published in accordance with the Atlantic Council Policy on Intellectual Independence. The author is solely responsible for its analysis and recommendations. The Atlantic Council and its donors do not determine, nor do they necessarily endorse or advocate for, any of this report’s conclusions. September 2018 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Firstly, I would like to acknowledge the scores of scholars, academics, practitioners, activists and many others from different walks of life who gave their time and insights, most generously. I cannot mention them all, as there were more than a hundred we engaged with – but I thank them all. This volume is dedicated to all those who have struggled for just and fundamental rights to be upheld – sometimes with recognition, but more often than not, without. Their sacrifices, whether vis-à-vis state authorities or non-state actors, can never be appreciated enough. I would like to note the financial support that was received from the Carnegie Corporation of New York, that was generous and consistent throughout this project. In particular, this work would have been difficult to imagine without the deliberate care of Dr. Hillary Wiesner, Program Director at the Carnegie Corporation for Transnational Movements and the Arab Region, and Ms. Nehal Amer, Program Assistant at the same, provided to us.
    [Show full text]
  • 2015 GRADUATION CELEBRATION Celebrationthe FIFTEENTH of MAY, TWO THOUSAND FIFTEEN
    2015 GRADUATION CELEBRATION CelebrationTHE FIFTEENTH OF MAY, TWO THOUSAND FIFTEEN THE GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY 2015 GRADUATION CELEBRATION MAY 15, 2015 | 11:30AM | CHARLES E. SMITH CENTER PROGRAM PROCESSIONAL ......................................................................Pomp and Circumstance March SCHOOL REPRESENTATIVES Sir Edward Elgar Marshals ......................................................... Sumaira Akber, Carla Gripp, Courtney Heath, WELCOME ........................................................................................................Lisa Stephenson Chandra Holloway, Lindsay Kallman, Angela Martin, Qyana Reddon, Sharon Schuler, Sarah Squire, Annie Vinik, Paul Wagner, Debbi Washington, Tammy Wiles NATIONAL ANTHEM ..................................................................................Floyd Nelson Jones B.A. Asian Studies ............................................................................................Bruce Dickson STUDENT SPEAKER ........................................................................................Nicolas Pedreira B.A. Latin American and Hemispheric Studies .........................................Robert E. Maguire ADDRESS ...................................................................................................... Michael E. Brown B.A. Middle East Studies ...................................................................................... Marc Lynch ANNOUNCEMENT OF DEGREE CANDIDATES ....................................... Michael E. Brown B.A. International
    [Show full text]
  • Administration of Barack Obama, 2014 Nominations Submitted to The
    Administration of Barack Obama, 2014 Nominations Submitted to the Senate November 21, 2014 The following list does not include promotions of members of the Uniformed Services, nominations to the Service Academies, or nominations of Foreign Service Officers. Submitted January 6 Jill A. Pryor, of Georgia, to be U.S. Circuit Judge for the 11th Circuit, vice Stanley F. Birch, Jr., retired. Carolyn B. McHugh, of Utah, to be U.S. Circuit Judge for the 10th Circuit, vice Michael R. Murphy, retired. Michelle T. Friedland, of California, to be U.S. Circuit Judge for the Ninth Circuit, vice Raymond C. Fisher, retired. Nancy L. Moritz, of Kansas, to be U.S. Circuit Judge for the 10th Circuit, vice Deanell Reece Tacha, retired. John B. Owens, of California, to be U.S. Circuit Judge for the Ninth Circuit, vice Stephen S. Trott, retired. David Jeremiah Barron, of Massachusetts, to be U.S. Circuit Judge for the First Circuit, vice Michael Boudin, retired. Robin S. Rosenbaum, of Florida, to be U.S. Circuit Judge for the 11th Circuit, vice Rosemary Barkett, resigned. Julie E. Carnes, of Georgia, to be U.S. Circuit Judge for the 11th Circuit, vice James Larry Edmondson, retired. Gregg Jeffrey Costa, of Texas, to be U.S. Circuit Judge for the Fifth Circuit, vice Fortunato P. Benavides, retired. Rosemary Márquez, of Arizona, to be U.S. District Judge for the District of Arizona, vice Frank R. Zapata, retired. Pamela L. Reeves, of Tennessee, to be U.S. District Judge for the Eastern District of Tennessee, vice Thomas W. Phillips, retiring.
    [Show full text]
  • The Case for EU Defense a New Way Forward for Trans-Atlantic Security
    GETTY SOUZA DE IMAGES/CARL The Case for EU Defense A New Way Forward for Trans-Atlantic Security By Max Bergmann, James Lamond, Siena Cicarelli June 2021 WWW.AMERICANPROGRESS.ORG Contents 1 Introduction and summary 8 The history of U.S. policy toward European defense integration 17 The current structural problems plaguing European defense 33 A new U.S. approach is needed toward European defense 43 Conclusion 43 About the authors 44 Endnotes Introduction and summary The state of European defense is not strong. The level of Europe’s defense spending and the size of its collective forces in uniform should make it a global power with one of the strongest militaries in the world. But Europe does not act as one on defense, even though it formed a political union almost 30 years ago. Europe’s military strength today is far weaker than the sum of its parts. This is not just a European failure; it is also fundamentally a fail- ure of America’s post-Cold War strategy toward Europe—a strategy that remains virtually unchanged since the 1990s. Europe’s dependence on the United States for its security means that the United States possesses a de facto veto on the direction of European defense. Since the 1990s, the United States has typically used its effective veto power to block the defense ambitions of the European Union. This has frequently resulted in an absurd situation where Washington loudly insists that Europe do more on defense but then strongly objects when Europe’s political union—the European Union— tries to answer the call.
    [Show full text]
  • Elliott School Strategic Initiatives Fund
    ELLIOTT SCHOOL OF INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS 2013/14 ANNUAL REPORT 2 CONTENTS 2 MESSAGE FROM THE DEAN 4 EDUCATION 20 RESEARCH 28 CISTP 30 IERES 32 IGIS 34 IIEP 36 IMES 38 IPDGC 40 ISCS 42 SIGUR 44 SPI 46 ENGAGEMENT 58 SUPPORT 64 Board of Advisors 66 International Council 68 Endowments Our Supporters 72 L’Enfant Society 72 1821 Benefactors 73 The George Washington Society 1 74 The Tempietto Circle of the Heritage Society 75 The Heritage Society Gifts 76 Friends 78 Parents 79 Faculty and Staff 80 Alumni 90 Students 91 Corporations, Foundations, and Institutional 2013-14 ANNUAL REPORT | GWU ELLIOTT SCHOOL OF INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS MESSAGE FROM DEAN MICHAEL E. BROWN This is an exceptionally exciting time at the George Washington University’s Elliott School of International Affairs. As we reflect on another academic year of tremendous accomplishments, we are also refining the Elliott School’s priorities in the run-up to GW’s 200th anniversary in the year 2021. GW’s Strategic Plan, adopted in May 2013, identifies four university priorities that are also real- world imperatives: the need to understand and address the challenges posed by globalization and other global issues; the worldwide necessity for better governance and policy; the continu- ing imperatives of citizenship and leadership; and the need for intellectual innovation through cross-disciplinary collaboration. As one of the world’s elite schools of international affairs, the Elliott School is well-positioned to support the university’s goals in all of these areas. To turn the Strategic Plan into a reality, GW officially launched a $1 billion philanthropic cam- paign–Making History: The Campaign for the George Washington University–in June 2014.
    [Show full text]
  • Preventing the Next Wave of Conflict
    Conflict Prevention Project Preventing the Next Wave of Conflict ECONOMIC AND Understanding SOCIAL DISPARITIES Non-Traditional POLITICAL AND Threats to ECONOMIC Global Stability GOVERNANCE DEMOGRAPHIC Report of the Non-Traditional SHIFTS Threats Working Group by Carla Koppell with NATURAL Anita Sharma RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT HEALTH Conflict Prevention Project Preventing the Next Wave of Conflict Understanding Non-Traditional Threats to Global Stability Report of the Non-Traditional Threats Working Group by Carla Koppell with Anita Sharma Research Assistant: Channa Threat Meeting Rapporteur: Roger Carstens Editorial Assistant: Anita Wright ©2003 Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, Washington, D.C. www.wilsoncenter.org WOODROW WILSON INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR SCHOLARS LEE H. HAMILTON, DIRECTOR BOARD OF TRUSTEES Joseph B. Gildenhorn, Chair; David A. Metzner, Vice Chair. Public Members: James H. Billington, Librarian of Congress; John W. Carlin, Archivist of the United States; Bruce Cole, Chair, National Endowment for the Humanities; Roderick R. Paige, Secretary, U.S. Department of Education; Colin L. Powell, Secretary, U.S. Department of State; Lawrence M. Small, Secretary, Smithsonian Institution; Tommy G. Thompson, Secretary, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Private Citizen Members: Joseph A. Cari, Jr., Carol Cartwright, Donald E. Garcia, Bruce S. Gelb, Daniel L. Lamaute, Tamala L. Longaberger, Thomas R. Reedy WILSON COUNCIL Bruce S. Gelb, President. Diane Aboulafia-D'Jaen, Elias F. Aburdene, Charles S. Ackerman, B.B. Andersen, Cyrus A. Ansary, Lawrence E. Bathgate II, John Beinecke, Joseph C. Bell, Steven Alan Bennett, Rudy Boschwitz, A. Oakley Brooks, Melva Bucksbaum, Charles W. Burson, Conrad Cafritz, Nicola L. Caiola, Raoul L. Carroll, Scott Carter, Albert V.
    [Show full text]
  • Assessing Blockchain's Future in Transactive Energy
    Atlantic Council GLOBAL ENERGY CENTER Assessing Blockchain’s Future in Transactive Energy Ben Hertz-Shargel and David Livingston Assessing Blockchain’s Future in Transactive Energy II ATLANTIC COUNCIL Assessing Blockchain’s Future in Transactive Energy Assessing Blockchain’s Future in Transactive Energy Ben Hertz-Shargel and David Livingston ISBN-13: 978-1-61977-599-2 Cover: Transmitter tower outside Araçatuba, Brazil. Source: Rodolfo Marques on Unsplash Atlantic Council 1030 15th Street, NW 12th Floor Washington, DC 20005 Website: www.atlanticcouncil.org ATLANTIC COUNCIL I Assessing Blockchain’s Future in Transactive Energy II ATLANTIC COUNCIL Assessing Blockchain’s Future in Transactive Energy TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary 2 1. Introduction 4 2. Toward a Transactive Grid 7 3. Applying Blockchain to Transactive Energy 11 4. The Blockchain Tradeoff 16 5. Policy Recommendations 31 6. Conclusion 34 Appendix: Cryptographic Approaches to the Transparent Privacy Problem 35 ATLANTIC COUNCIL 1 Assessing Blockchain’s Future in Transactive Energy EXECUTIVE SUMMARY he electric power system is undergoing a This report assesses the suitability of blockchain for rapid transition toward decarbonization and this purpose, as a platform for transactive energy. Tdecentralization. The legacy model of one- It performs a first principles analysis of blockchain’s way power flow from large, primarily fossil-based technical attributes in order to align them with the generators to consumers on the distribution grid is expected needs of a transactive market, regardless being upended, driven by the plummeting costs of of its precise design. Its principal conclusion is that distributed renewables, battery storage, and smart blockchain is not currently well suited for this task, or energy technologies.
    [Show full text]
  • Extended Deterrence and Allied Assurance: Key Concepts and Current Challenges for U.S
    Extended Deterrence and Allied Assurance: Key Concepts and Current Challenges for U.S. Policy Justin V. Anderson and Jeffrey A. Larsen with Polly M. Holdorf INSS OCCASIONAL PAPER SEPTEMBER 2013 69 US AIR FORCE INSTITUTE FOR NATIONAL SECURITY STUDIES USAF ACADEMY, COLORADO Extended Deterrence and Allied Assurance: Key Concepts and Current Challenges for U.S. Policy Justin V. Anderson and Jeffrey A. Larsen with Polly M. Holdorf INSS Occasional Paper 69 September 2013 USAF Institute for National Security Studies USAF Academy, Colorado ii The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Air Force, the Department of Defense, or the US Government. The paper is approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. This report was originally prepared by SAIC for the U.S. Government. It is published with permission of the sponsoring agencies. Study completed February 2013. iii iv ABOUT THE AUTHORS Justin V. Anderson is a Senior National Security Policy Analyst with SAIC in Arlington, VA, providing contract support to government clients on nuclear arms control, deterrence, and WMD proliferation issues. He is editor of the Headquarters Air Force, Strategic Plans and Policy (AF/A5XP) “emerging issues” report series and lead analyst for the portfolio’s nuclear arms control analyses. His past experience includes serving as Senior Editor of the DoD Law of War Manual and providing analysis to the DTRA, OSD AT&L Office of Treaty Compliance, and Missile Defense Agency. Dr. Anderson received his PhD in war studies from King’s College London.
    [Show full text]