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NIEUWE HOOFDEN, NIEUWE GODEN Geschiedenis van de Tolaki en de Tomoronene, twee volkeren in Zuidoost-Celebes (Indonesië), tot ca. 1950 Dr. Christiaan G.F. de Jong Nieuwe hoofden, Nieuwe goden ISBN 978-3-8443-8756-8 INHOUDSOPGAVE 1. Introductie . 1 1.1. Opzet en plaats van handeling . 1 1.2. Bronnen . 1 1.3. Enkele inleidende opmerkingen. 2 2. Het land en zijn bewoners . 4 2.1. Een rode draad: vier fasen . 4 2.2. Klimaat, natuurlijke gesteldheid en bevolking. 5 2.2.1. Klimaat. 5 2.2.2. Natuurlijke gesteldheid . 5 2.2.3. Bewoning . 9 2.2.4. Ziekten . 12 2.2.5. Transport, wegen en paden. 16 2.2.6. Verkeer over water. 19 2.3. Conclusie . 21 2.4. De bewoners: taal, prehistorie, mythe en hiërarchie . 22 2.4.1. Bevolking: een eerste kennismaking . 22 2.4.2. Talen. 24 2.5. Prehistorie . 26 2.5.1. Migratie . 26 2.5.2. De “Steenhouwers” . 28 2.5.3. De “Pottenbakkers” . 29 2.5.4. De kolonisatie van Zuidoost-Celebes . 31 2.6. Samenvatting prehistorie . 32 2.7. Moderne tijden; voortgaande migratie. 34 2.8. Tomoronene . 35 2.9. Ontwikkeling van de maatschappelijke ordening . 37 2.9.1. De oudste tweedeling . 37 2.9.2. Van werkelijkheid naar mythe . 38 2.9.3. Tolaki-adel . 43 2.9.4. Middengroepen. 44 2.9.5. De ata van de Tolaki . 45 2.10. Adel, vrijen en slaven bij de Tomoronene . 47 3. Politieke en bestuurlijke geschiedenis. 49 3.1. Het oosten . 49 3.1.1. Mekongga, Konawe, Laiwoi. Interne verhoudingen . 49 3.1.2. De eerste hoofden van Konawe . 50 3.1.3. Politiek en bestuur . 52 3.1.4. Externe betrekkingen. Demarcatie . 52 3.1.5. Politieke en militaire zwakte . 53 3.1.6. Opkomst van Ranome’eto . 55 3.1.7. Vosmaer, Buginezen en anderen in Ranome’eto . 56 3.1.8. Ontwikkelingen na Vosmaer . 57 3.1.9. Lamango. 59 3.1.10. Konawe en Luwuq . 60 3.1.11. Laiwoi en het gouvernement . 61 3.2. Het westen . 74 3.2.1. Politieke verhoudingen. Luwuq . 74 3.2.2. Luwuq,s invloedssfeer in Zuidoost-Celebes . 75 3.2.3. Luwuq: schatting en handel; Buginezen . 77 3.2.4. Luwuq, Mekongga en het gouvernement . 78 3.2.5. De Tomekongga en anderen. 79 3.2.6. De hoofden van Mekongga . 80 3.2.7. Mekongga en Luwuq na 1900 . 82 3.2.8. Kolaka; binnenlands bestuur . 83 3.2.9. Bestuurlijke wijzigingen; invloed van Luwuq . 85 3.3. Het zuidwesten. 87 3.3.1. Twee kada . 87 3.3.2. Munara in Rumbia . 91 3.3.3. “Poleang is een groote verzameling tuig” . 92 3.3.4. Couvreur: een federatie . 93 3.4. Japanse tijd en daarna, 1942-1950 . 93 3.4.1. Inleiding . 93 3.4.2. Verzet . 96 3.4.3. Kolaka 1945-1948 . ..

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