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Apa Yang Dimaksud Dengan Pelayaran Hongi? Bagaimana » Pelaksanannya Sehingga Keuntungan Tetap Jatuh Di Tangan VOC? Coba Jelaskan! Hak Cipta © 2014 pada Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Dilindungi Undang-Undang Milik Negara Tidak Diperdagangkan Disklaimer: Buku ini merupakan buku siswa yang dipersiapkan Pemerintah dalam rangka implementasi Kurikulum 2013. Buku siswa ini disusun dan ditelaah oleh berbagai pihak di bawah koordinasi Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, dan dipergunakan dalam tahap awal penerapan Kurikulum 2013. Buku ini merupakan “dokumen hidup” yang senantiasa diperbaiki, diperbaharui, dan dimutakhirkan sesuai dengan dinamika kebutuhan dan perubahan zaman. Masukan dari berbagai kalangan diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kualitas buku ini. Indonesia. Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. Sejarah Indonesia / Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan.-- Jakarta: Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, 2014. VIII, 212 hlm. : ilus. ; 25 cm. Untuk SMA/MA/SMK/MAK Kelas XI Semester 1 ISBN 978-602-282-107-6 (jilid lengkap) ISBN 978-602-282-109-0 (jilid 2a) 1. Indonesia -- Sejarah -- Studi dan Pengajaran I. Judul II. Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan 959.8 Kontributor : Sardiman AM, dan Amurwani Dwi Lestariningsih. Penelaah : Purnawan Basundoro dan Baha Uddin. Penyelia Penerbitan : Pusat Kurikulum dan Perbukuan, Balitbang, Kemdikbud. Cetakan ke-1, 2014 Disusun dengan huruf Frutiger, 11 pt Diproduksi oleh Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan RI ii Kelas XI SMA/MA/SMK/MAK Semester 1 Kata Pengantar Kurikulum 2013 dirancang untuk memperkuat kompetensi peserta didik dari sisi pengetahuan, keterampilan, dan sikap secara utuh. Keutuhan tersebut menjadi dasar dalam perumusan kompetensi dasar tiap mata pelajaran, sehingga kompetensi dasar tiap mata pelajaran mencakup kompetensi dasar kelompok sikap, kompetensi dasar kelompok pengetahuan, dan kompetensi dasar kelompok keterampilan. Semua mata pelajaran dirancang mengikuti rumusan tersebut. Pembelajaran Sejarah Indonesia untuk Kelas XI jenjang Pendidikan Menengah yang disajikan dalam buku ini juga tunduk pada ketentuan tersebut. Sejarah Indonesia bukan berisi materi pembelajaran yang dirancang hanya untuk mengasah kompetensi pengetahuan peserta didik. Sejarah Indonesia adalah mata pelajaran yang membekali peserta didik dengan pengetahuan tentang dimensi ruang-waktu perjalanan sejarah Indonesia, keterampilan dalam menyajikan pengetahuan yang dikuasainya secara konkret dan abstrak, serta sikap menghargai jasa para pahlawan yang telah meletakkan pondasi bangunan negara Indonesia beserta segala bentuk warisan sejarah, baik benda maupun takbenda. Sehingga terbentuk pola pikir peserta didik yang sadar sejarah. Sebagai pelajaran wajib yang harus diambil oleh semua peserta didik yang belum tentu berminat dalam bidang sejarah, buku ini disusun menggunakan pendekatan regresif yang lebih populer. Melalui pengamatan terhadap kondisi sosial-budaya dan sejumlah warisan sejarah yang bisa dijumpai saat ini, peserta didik diajak mengarungi garis waktu mundur ke masa lampau saat terjadinya peristiwa yang melandasi terbentuknya peradaban yang melatar-belakangi kondisi sosial-budaya dan warisan sejarah tersebut. Pembahasan dilanjutkan dengan peristiwa-peristiwa berikutnya yang menyebabkan berkembang atau menyusutnya peradaban tersebut sehingga menjadi yang tersisa saat ini. Sejarah Indonesia iii Buku ini menjabarkan usaha minimal yang harus dilakukan peserta didik untuk mencapai kompetensi yang diharapkan. Sesuai dengan pendekatan yang digunakan dalam Kurikulum 2013, peserta didik diajak menjadi berani untuk mencari sumber belajar lain yang tersedia dan terbentang luas di sekitarnya. Peran guru dalam meningkatkan dan menyesuaikan daya serap peserta didik dengan ketersediaan kegiatan pada buku ini sangat penting. Guru dapat memperkayanya dengan kreasi dalam bentuk kegiatan-kegiatan lain yang sesuai dan relevan yang bersumber dari lingkungan sosial dan alam. Implementasi terbatas pada tahun ajaran 2013/2014 telah mendapat tanggapan yang sangat positif dan masukan yang sangat berharga. Pengalaman tersebut dipergunakan semaksimal mungkin dalam menyiapkan buku untuk implementasi menyeluruh pada tahun ajaran 2014/2015 dan seterusnya. Walaupun demikian, sebagai edisi pertama, buku ini sangat terbuka dan terus dilakukan perbaikan untuk penyempurnaan. Oleh karena itu, kami mengundang para pembaca memberikan kritik, saran dan masukan untuk perbaikan dan penyempurnaan pada edisi berikutnya. Atas kontribusi tersebut, kami mengucapkan terima kasih. Mudah-mudahan kita dapat memberikan yang terbaik bagi kemajuan dunia pendidikan dalam rangka mempersiapkan generasi seratus tahun Indonesia Merdeka (2045). Jakarta, Januari 2014 Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Mohammad Nuh iv Kelas XI SMA/MA/SMK/MAK Semester 1 Diunduh dari BSE.Mahoni.com Daftar Isi KATA PENGANTAR ..................................................................... iii DAFTAR ISI .................................................................................. v BAB I Antara Kolonialisme dan Imperialisme ............ ........................... 1 A. Melacak Perburuan “Mutiara dari Timur” ........................ 6 1. Memahami Motivasi, Nafsu, dan Kejayaan Barat ......... 7 2. Menganalisis Petualangan, Penjelajahan dan Penemuan Dunia Baru ................................................. 9 B. Menganalisis Kemaharajaan VOC ...................................... 21 Menganalisis Keserakahan Kongsi Dagang ..................... 22 C. Mengevaluasi Penjajahan Pemerintah Hindia Belanda .... 34 1. Masa Pemerintahan Republik Bataaf ............................ 35 2. Perkembangan Kolonialisme Inggris di Indonesia (1811-1816) ................................................................ 42 3. Dominasi Pemerintahan Kolonial Belanda .................... 46 Sejarah Indonesia v BAB 2 Perang Melawan Kolonialisme ........... ........................................ 62 A. Mengevaluasi Perang Melawan Keserakahan Kongsi Dagang (abad ke-16 sampai ke-18) ...................................... 65 1. Aceh Versus Portugis dan VOC ..................................... 67 2. Maluku Angkat Senjata ................................................ 69 3. Sultan Agung Versus J.P. Coen ...................................... 72 4. Perlawanan Banten ...................................................... 74 5. Perlawanan Goa .......................................................... 77 6. Rakyat Riau Angkat Senjata ......................................... 80 7. Orang-orang Cina Berontak ......................................... 82 8. Perlawanan Pangeran Mangkubumi dan Mas Said ........ 83 B. Mengevaluasi Perang Melawan Penjajahan Kolonial Hindia Belanda ....................................................................... 89 1. Perang Tondano .......................................................... 90 2. Pattimura Angkat Senjata .............................................. 93 3. Perang Padri .............................................................. 96 4. Perang Diponegoro ...................................................... 104 5. Perlawanan di Bali ....................................................... 111 6. Perang Banjar ................................................................ 115 7. Aceh Berjihad .............................................................. 121 8. Perang Batak ............................................................. 130 vi Kelas XI SMA/MA/SMK/MAK Semester 1 BAB 3 Membangun Jati Diri Keindonesiaan ........ ................................. 138 A. Menganalisis Tumbuhnya Ruh Kebangsaan dan Nasionalisme ...................................................................... 143 1. Politik Etis .................................................................. 145 2. Pers Membawa Kemajuan .......................................... 148 3. Modernisme dan Reformasi Islam ................................ 152 B. Menganalisis Perjuangan Organisasi Pergerakan Kebangsaan ........................................................................ 157 1. Organisasi Awal Pergerakan ........................................... 158 2. Organisasi Keagamaan ................................................ 166 3. Organisasi Pemuda ...................................................... 171 4. Organisasi Wanita ........................................................ 172 5. Partai Komunis Indonesia .............................................. 175 6. Perhimpunan Indonesia: Manifesto Politik ..................... 176 7. Taman Siswa ................................................................ 179 8. Organisasi Buruh .......................................................... 180 C. Menganalisis Proses Penguatan Jati Diri Bangsa ............ 183 1. Menuju Sumpah Pemuda ............................................ 185 2. Bangkitnya Nasionalisme Modern ................................ 190 3. Perjuangan di Volksraad .............................................. 194 4. Masa Berakhirnya Pemerintahan Kolonial ..................... 199 GLOSARIUM ................................................................................. 204 DAFTAR PUSTAKA ....................................................................... 208 Sejarah Indonesia vii Sumber: Indonesia Dalam Arus Sejarah jilid 4 (Kolonisasi dan Perlawanan), 2012. Gambar Kapal-kapal Cina yang sudah biasa berlayar sampai di perairan Nusantara. viii Kelas XI SMA/MA/SMK/MAK Semester 1 BAB 1 Antara Kolonialisme dan Imperialisme Imperialisme zaman sekarang berbuahkan “negeri-negeri mandat” alias “mandatgebieden”, daerah-daerah pengaruh “alias” “involedssferen” dan lain sebagainya, sedang di dalam sifatnya menakhlukkan negeri orang lain,
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