39194 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 30, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS
OPERATION CORNERSTONE to 80 percent) of its time in community to find a glass or dish, if you require such organization, similar to the Office of Eco niceties. If you're tired, you may be able nomic Opportunity's Community Action Pro to talk your way into flopping for a while on HON. JOHN R. RARICK gram-type activities. We came away with the one of the bunk beds covered by mattresses feeling that the participant portion of the which resemble WWI Red Cross litters. OF LOUISIANA project is primarily a device invented to pro Randy Reynalds, a likable nineteen-year IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES vide an economic base for the community old drop-out, flopped down six months ago, Wednesday, November 25,1970 organization acti vities. These activities, ac and is still around. Now a Cornerstone staft' cording to our observation, have t aken the member, he receives room and board for Mr. RARICK. Mr. Speaker, Corner form of non-constructive attacks on local, varied chores such as carrying out garbage, stone, HUD's controversial training pro st ate, and Federal programs and/ or agencles painting the house, or acting as guide for gram in Atlanta, Ga., is a classic dis operating in the neighborhood. The key participants who come to the Project from question which we feel you should be alerted various Federal agencies. grace in waste and wanton misdirection to is: Does the Department of Housing and of taxpayer's dollars under the excuse Urban Development wish to subsidize a HUNDREDS OF VOLUNTEERS of helping poor and unfortunate. group that devotes 70 or more percent of its Hundreds of volunteers have come to Proj Even officials at HUD are concerned time to community organization-type ac ect Cornerstone in Atlanta since it was over continued subsidizing of revolu tivities that are in direct confiict and com founded in 1966, for two-week seminars. tionary fronts providing an economic petition with OEO and Model Cities programs Hopefully, they will learn what it's like to base for community organization activi in the area? Please understand that we do be a poor black American struggling to stay ties to attack the American people and not desire to destroy citizen opposition to alive in a ghetto. Agencies such as HUD, public/HUD programs (as if that were pos HEW, Commerce and Labor send employees plot destruction of our country. sible). We do, however, question the advis to introduce policy-making bureaucrats to I include several memorandums from ability of having taxpayers subsidize this what it's like looking up from the bottom. HUD officials and a story about "Corner opposition under the guise of an employee Every day, 97 Love Street is crowded with stone" by E. H. Rothschild from the training/education program. 10 or 12 volunteers and three or four Corner January 1970 edition of Challenge, pub As you are already aware, a number of our stone staft'. Neighborhood children and adults lication of HUD, Washington, D.C., at colleagues enthusiastically support all as seem to be drawn to the house and the this point: pects of the Cornerstone Project. We do not. friendly inhabitants. It takes a few days for We believe that the project presents only a middle-class white newcomer to adjust to U.S. GOVERNMENT MEMORANDUM one point of view, is not well managed, and the cultural shock and lack of conveniences. (Confidential) is non-constructively involved in community Privacy, which most of us enjoy and take for DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING organization activities. Its continuance as a granted in our own homes, doesn't exist in a AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT, HUD funded employee training project house with one bathroom, two overcrowded October 15, 1969. should be subject to serious question. bedrooms, a kitchen, a living room and front To: Richard C. VanDusen, Under Secretary. In view of the fact that the Cornerstone porch. But once settled, your attention is From: Cornerst one Participants Listed Project has both its supporters and detrac drawn away from yourself as you participate Below. tors, we feel that it would be highly desir in the group activities. Subject: The Cornerstone Project-Some able for you to examine the Cornerstone pro "DO IT YOURSELF" BREAKFAST Reservations. gram as a participant so that you could ar A typical day at Project Cornerstone starts The purpose of t his memorandum is to rive at your own opinion as to its worth. However, we recognize that more important with a "do it yourself" breakfast. Afterward call to your at tention several reservations the group, dressed in casual attire, trudges which we, as Cornerstone participants, be matters compete for your time. We would, therefore, recommend that you request a up Love Street for a visit that may take it lieve severely detract from what might oth to the Mayor's office or a neighborhood bar. erwise be a useful training experience for person to attend Cornerstone whose impar Brief trips to the emergency ward at Grady Departmental staff. tiality you have come to respect and to pro Memorial Hospital, the Model Cities Agency, The first and most important criticism is vide you with a report on the merits and/or the Southside Comprehensive Health Center the extreme bias built int o the Cornerstone demerits of the project. We strongly urge and Juvenile Court permitted our group to program. The Cornerstone st aft', representing that such action be taken before HUD en observe first-hand how various Governmental one viewpoint, places every neighborhood gages in any long-term training arrange programs and services were being dispensed. problem into a preconceived radical ideologi ment with Cornerstone and before you move cal framework. We do not think it is an ex to further encourage Departmental staft' to Questions begin to get pointed after a day aggeration to say that the Cornerstone pro participate in the project. or two and pat answers are not left unchal gram is designed to force the participant lenged very long. After lunch,· discussions We appreciate the opportunity to make may last into the afternoon when partici into a radical or "New Leftist" ideological these views known to you and we would mold. We submit t hat it is extremely diffi pants once again go off to have a look at some be happy to provide you with any additional other aspect of ghetto life. cult for participants to arrive at objective i.nformation or be of service in any way. conclusions in such an unobjective atmos None of the activity is tightly structured RICHARD LEHMANN. and this leaves great opportunity for initia phere. We should like to make clear that our LEE RUDD. criticism is not of the staft' members' per tive and personal search for both problems MARGARET L. LINDSAY. ·and answers. The intended course of a day's sonal opinions, that is their own business. CHARLES K. MATHENY. Rather, we object to the extension of these EDWARD WISE. activity can change drastically from sunup opinions into every facet of the program to sundown. without giving due, indeed any, considera Evenings, the project house comes alive as tion to opposing points of view. [From Challenge, publication of U.S. Dept. various speakers from organizations like the Our second-criticism is directed at the cost of Housing and Urban Development, Wash Southern Christian Leadership Conference of the service (previously $150, now $300 per ington, D.C., January 1970] (SCLC), Student Non-Violent Coordinating person) as compared with the staft' time and CORNERSTONE-FACE TO FACE WITH POVERTY Committee (SNCC), Tenants Union For Fair energies devoted to putting together a qual (By E. H. Rothschild) ness (TUFF), or a representative from the ity program for participants. The Corner Mayor's office speak and exchange views in stone staft' now consists of six or seven peo Rickety green wooden steps that lead up to ple. However, it appeared to us that the time the porch of 97 Love Street give little clue what frequently turns out to be a rough and of only two people was devoted to the pro that this 60-year-old frame house is head tumble verbal confrontation. quarters for Project Cornerstone. There is gram while the remainder of the staft' was Those who take issue with a topic can ex no sign on the door. The house is like hun either not working or engaged in "commu pect plenty of give and take. Conversations dreds of others that line the mostly unpaved get intense as the guts of emotional issues nity organization" (see below) activities. streets in the Summerhill ghetto of Atlanta. While the "loose-knit," "open-ended," "un such as racism are cut open and spill out for Once inside however, the similarity ends. all to examine. structured," approach that was taken in It matters little to Kelly Kidd, dungaree-clad planning activities has been praised by some Project Director, whether you are a mayor, TIME TO "BUG OUT" participants, we feel that these words are GS-18, or a. drunk who has stumbled into After a few days it's impossible not to begin euphemisms for "mismanagement" and that the dark living room. Pretenses and creden examining your own hates and prejudices. the term "mismanagement" would more tials carry no importance here. This is the time to pack up and "bug out" aptly describe the current Cornerstone sit If you're hungry, you'll probably be di unless you are willing and prepared to come uation. rected toward the kitchen. If you can find face to face with the fact that your own be Our third criticism is that the sta.ft' ap something to eat, you'll have to move the liefs are being questioned by none other than pears to be spending a large percentage (70 plle of dirty pots and pans filling the sink you. November 30, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39195
I was privileged to be among the earliest OlTR CLIENTS ARE POOR PEOPLE participant should go to Cornerstone with HUD participants at Cornerstone, a group The lack o! answers to questions like these an "open Inind." However, I did have the that numbered 50 by the end of 1969. During and dozens more shocked and surprised us opportunity to discuss this training with a my two weeks it was hot and humid in At all. We began to realize that our clients are number o! previous participants and received lanta; the temperature did not drop very not seven HUD Regional Offices or several reports varying from "I would find it an 'in much at night and sleep became elusive. hundred Congressmen. Our clients are not teresting' experience," "you probably will be I remember our group visiting the Georgia the 1,000 Redevelopment Authorities or better able to get something constructive Surplus Food Distribution Center on a day Housing Authorities across this land. Our out of it than I did," to "it is a repulsive when it was 97 degrees. This one center clients, to a large extent, are those Inillions experience and HUD should stop its partici serves the 200,000 poor people of Fulton of poor people, black and white, out there in pation in it." County with surplus food such as flour, beans, hot, depressing, dirty ghettos like Summer Since my return from Cornerstone, I have soup and other staples. Prison labor cuts hill-trying, or at least waiting, to get a slice been given the attached memorandums, open the brown cardboard boxes and dis of the pie against odds that are overwhelm dated October 15, 1969, and November 19, penses pre-determined amounts as people ing, in a game where the rules have been 1969, to Mr. Richard C. Van Dusen, Under walk along pushing their food on a roller one-sVedly made through hundreds of years Secretary, which I am told have not been conveyor gathering their month's supply. A of prejudice and ignorance. acknowledged. family of ten 1s entitled to 327 pounds of To say that Project Cornerstone was en Any one of the five reasons cited in the food. No one seemed to know or care how a lightening, emotion filled, educational and second paragraph of this memorandum is poor woman, having waited in line for three shocking is an understatement. It is all of sufficient for HUD to cease its payment of hours, can carry 327 pounds of can goods in these things and much more. $300 per person to Cornerstone for so-called 97 degree heat across the city or county to The hope is that participants come back "lodging, meals and training." Each of the her home. a little more understanding and a lot more five reasons could be the subject of treatise; however, I want to concur with the October DISCUSSING JAll. OVER LUNCH knowledgeable of the real problems at the roots of society. It is not designed to convert 15th and November 19th memoranduins and On another day, we visited Magistrate cite only a few specific incidents I observed Court and listened while Atlanta's lower you into a raving liberal. The hope is that you are better prepared to help those people which confirm their feelings concerning the court judiciary conducted hearings. Most of adininistration of the HUD training program, the cases involved drunkenness, beatings or who you now know really exist, but who be Cornerstone. relatively minor crimes. After the hearings, fore Project Cornerstone were merely ima Kelley Kidd, co-director of Cornerstone, our group discussed the sentences over lunch ginary, or at best statistics. presented a two-hour lecture on the develop and almost unanimously agreed that the And perhaps, if you are lucky, you will ment of this country to the present time, white southern Magistrate was enormously return to HUD, as many Cornerstone partici which he describes as being in the third fair in measuring the penalty to the crime of nants did, more resolved to be critical and stage-the fourth stage being the revolution predominantly black defendants. ~utspoken when policy is discussed and "when the blacks and the whites will be Another day was spent at the new OEO passed around for review, determined to treated equally and the people are rightfully funded Southside Comprehensive Health remember these black people in Summerhill, given that which is theirs rather than in the Center. This recently opened $6 million out who don't know about advocacy planning or hands of the Henry Ford's, etc." He stated patient clinic services 48,000 people who live can't spell citizen participation, who are that there are really only three things in in Summerhill and the adjoining communi waiting for us to deliver better homes, a life: fornicating, defecating, and urinating. ties of Peoplestown, Mechanicsville and Pitts better community, and a better life, as we and we only need to contribute that which burgh. have been promising and promising and pro is necessary to make these functions pos The Reverend 0 . B. Davis, the full-time mising .. .. sible. This theme was repeated time and pubilc relations director, patiently attempted again dul'ing his lengthy lecture. He hates to answer our questions and gave us a tour DEPARTMENT OF two things in life, (1) hard work, and (2) of an impressive clinic within what was once HoUSINC AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT, doing any thing unpleasant which he is told a mattress factory. Seventy-two percent of May 13, 1970. he has to do. Throughout my stay at Cor the clinic's employees live in the neighbor U.S. GOVERNMENT MEMORANDUM nerstone, statements concerning "those hood and more than 1,000 patients are treated ---, ---, ---, Nixon and Romney" weekly. Unfortunately, the center's open To: Secretary George Romney. From: Lester E. Ogilvy, Assistant to Special were uttered more frequently than I care to hours are 8:30a.m. to 5:00p.m. and this lim remember by most of the members of the its treatment mostly to unemployed females, Ass't for Cooperative Housing. Subject: Operation Cornerstone. Cornerstone staff, speakers and "guests" of housewives and children. It seemed to us the staff which addressed the eight partici that a simple change in hours once or twice Having just returned from one of HUD's pants (four male government employees, one a week would permit working males to receive t raining prograins, Cornerstone, in Atlanta, male student from Oregon, and three female proper treatment without having to lose time Georgia, my sense of loyalty to my country, government employees). One member of the or salary from their jobs. to my President, and more particularly, to staff admitted he was a Communist and was you, Mr. Secretary, compels me to report PROMISES CLOAKED IN RHETORIC ready to go to Washington and "burn the to you, (1) the deplorable physical condi ---place down." By the second week, many of us began to tions under which the participants live, (2) display frayed nerves and irritability as a It appeared to me that the scheduling of t he out rageous communistic philosophy ex speakers on the Cornerstone promises was result of the heat, the long days of asking, pressed in an obscene manner by the Corner seeking, arguing and just existing. This feel done to give an abundance of time to non stone staff and its speakers, (3) the atrocious constructive-minded community personnel ing combined with the little visible improve lack of a well-planned, constructive program, to present their views concernin g Nixon, ment that had taken place in the community (4) the lack of an acceptable level of ad made us begin to see and feel some of the Romney, draft -dodging, and "non-violent ministration of the shamefully constructed activities (don't inflict physical harm-any frustration and hopelessness. program, and (5) the expenditure of Govern We began to see how many of the promises thing else goes) . " ment funds which permits an anti-demo It was quite apparent little effort was have been cloaked in rhetoric, and that the cratic philosophy to flourish. paternalistic idea of doing for the poor is not given to stressing the importance of the Soon after receipt of the attached HUD const ructive government operations (Com the total answer. You begin to realize that Staff Bulletin 70-28, dated March 4, 1970, I the poor is not the total answer. You began prehensive Health Center [OEO funds} , volunteered as a participant for the session Child Development Center [Model City to realize that the poor must rise out of the commencing April 19th. Having a Master's ghetto, not by being badgered or bulldozed, funds), Model Cities and Emmaus House Degree in Social Service and having worked [Episcopal Church funds]). I was also aware but by having the equal opportunity in with poverty-stricken black and white faini that these activities were not clear as to the deeds, that Iniddle-class whites believe ex lies, together with my experience in hous ists, but which in fact does not. function of Cornerstone nor the purpose of ing programs designed to meet the needs of our visit t o their activities. Scheduling was We never learned, for instance, why fifty the low-income families, I believed t his percent of the streets were not paved in that so poor that four of the scheduled events training program would be a productive ex were cancelled or substituted. community and yet a pot hole in the better perience--one in which I could contribute neighborhoods would receive repaving in a Collins McGee (black-picture attached) as well as learn. was intoxicated to the extent that concerr> matter of days, if not hours. Or why our own Previous participants from HUD have at Model Cities approach was massive reloca was expressed by one of the Cornerstone tended Cornerstone with varying Impres guests about his driving the Volkswagen bus tion and demolition, when to our eyes it ap sions as to the worthwhileness of t he train peared vacant lots constituted more than ing program. Each participant is informed (owned by Cornerstone, bought with HEW half the land in Summerhill which with that he is not required to submit a written funds) . Our seminar leader of the Corner some imaginative planning and forethought report, but should he choose to do so, he stone staff, Joe Reagan, said, "He always could easily have held new homes. Or why may record on tape his impressions of Cor drives drunk." When asked where Jim was n o employee at the Model Cities Agency was nerstone. Prior to my going to Cornerstone, (an Oregon student who was a participant), responsible for seeking out job-creating in I requested an opportunity to review im Joe replied, "He's up at the other house dustries to locate in an underemployed and pressions of earlier participants but was de doing a job on my Wife." When someone in nndertrained community. nied this request as it was believed that each the group said, "Anna Mary (Joe's wife) is 39196 EXTENSIONS OF · REMARKS~ November 30, 1970 kind of drunk and maybe that's not a good ilar recommendations are being made by HTHE idea," he replied, "Let them do their thing." PITTSBURGH INITIATES participants from HEW Headquarters Of WORLD OF CONSTRUCTION" Jim (Oregon student) told me and par fice and the Social Security OJfice in Kansas ticipant, Mr. Kenneth Martin, Social Secu City. rity Administration, Kansas City, that he I would be pleased to discuss this further grew marijuana in Oregon and had some with you should you so desire. HON. WILLIAM S. MOORHEAD with him and was prepared to furnish it for LESTER E. 0GILVY, OF PENNSYLVANIA a party which he thought the group needed. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. Martin told me that Jim said Kelley VOLUNTEERS FOR PROJECT CORNERSTONE Kidd needed something stronger than mari Monday, November 30, 1970 juana and was on "speed". (Jim's comment ( S.taff Bulletin) got back to Kelley Kidd and he publicly de DEPARTMENT OF HOUSIN<% Mr. MOORHEAD~ Mr. Speaker, how nied at the outset of his two-hour lecture AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT, many of us in this chamber today took that he was on speed or LSD. March 4, 1970. woodshop when we were in grade school On the evening of the 22l:ld, two men Project Cornerstone is a training experi or high school? How ·many of us have stopped their car in front of OU.l' house and ence designed to increase participants:" aware ness and understanding of urban poverty, had young sons come home displaying inquired who owned the Volkswagen bus, proudly the jewelry box or breadboard that they had a good deal tllat the owner racial prejudice, and institutional discrimi would be interested in. It was a brand new nation tl'Irough personal exposure ta these they had worked on so intently for sever tire and rim they would sell for $4.00. Kelley problemS'. It was started over three years· ago al long weeks? Kidd brought itA as a summer training program to give profes Woodshop and several other classes, One of the s;l;a,ff members brought two sionals a first-hand experience with urban such as metal shop or printshop, and gallon jugs of. home brew to Cornerstone and poverty: Cornerstone has expanded to a year so forth, came under the industrial arts put them in th ice box for our use. round actfvfty m Atlanta. The program par category in the Pittsburgh public schools "Hippy" friends of the staff wandered · tieipan'ts. inc!trde businessmen, government and out of the house at all hours of the day employee, labor union officials, clergymen, curriculum. But recently there has been and night and consumed food alleged!)' far and educators. Participants live for two a change and a change which I believe is the participants and staff. weeks in the heart of Atlanta's ghetto where a good one and one that many of you Living conditions were unbelievably filtlly. they have an opportunity to meet and talk might want to suggest to your local school The mattresses and pillows funlished an of with residents, community leaders, and anti boards. the participants would be instantly burned. poverty workers and where they can see and experience at first hand the problems of The traditional "shop" class has given by the Health Authorities. The bedroom way to a new subject. It is called "The which was about 18' by 18' housed the :fi urb3n poverty and evaluate the e1fectiveness male participants. One eloset. was provided' of eurrent existing program at the lower World of Construction.u The November for use of the five male, participants. The e leveL 15 Parade magazine carries an excellent bathroom which was used by twelve people Last year fifty professional HUD employees article by John G. Rogers on "The did not have a lock, merely a nan whieh was participated in Project Cornerstone. They World of Construction" and how it is turned to provide security. The flooring was ha.' e ~turned with a heightened under operating in Pittsburgh public schools. standfng of urban crisis and new insights as a rotted plywood, no shower, only an o d Before introducing this article in the small bathtub, a torn paper curtain provided ta how they might improve their job per RECORD, let me quote a few of its para the only means of privacy on the first floor formance when involved in designing and window. The toilet seat was ready to come developing HUD programs which affect the graphs to show you what has replaced apart. Stokely Carmichael's picture was poor. the birdhouse making in wood shop: prominently displayed in the "living room." Since the experience proved so valuable Construction is a broad concept. These Mice, rats, cockroaches and bugs and Rap HUD has increased its participation to 75 youngsters "live" the whole of it. They buy Brown's picture were evident in the kitchen. er::1ployees for calendar year 1970 and is seek land, make blueprints, close contracts, hire We prepared our own breakfast and lunch. ing Volunteers (senior professionals GS- labor and then build scale-size sections of - A very mediocre evening meal was served 12 through 18) to participate in this pro houses right down to plumbing and electric buffet style. gram. wiring that must pass strict inspection. During the afternoon group discussion pe Interested employees should contact Noel They're getting a whole rounded picture, not riod of the 24th, I stated that I was aware of Sweitzer, room 10014, extension 56648 or Mel just pounding a nail here and there in iso the position taken by the Cornerstone staff Patterson, room 2154, extension 55473, for lation. in supporting the garbage strikers and it applications. HUD will be sending three or four em The house-building, of course, is real would have been inconsistent for them to while other aspects at the one-year class are minimize the ill effects of their strike; how ployees to each session. The calendar for the first 10 sessions is listed below. Applications simulated exercises-for example, buying ever, I could not condone the staff making property and bargaining over wage rates. But no effort to gather up the garbage and trash should be submitted no later than March 16, 1970. even the simulations are faithful to reality on the 23rd after the strike was settled at according to a given set of facts and the kids midnight on the 22nd. The Co-Director, Col 1970 SESSION OF THE CORNERSTONE PROJECT frequently get quite carried away. At a re lins McGee, told me, "If the God-damn gar March 29-April 10. cent union-management grievance session, bage bothered you so much, why didn't you April 19-May 1. boys on both sides were pounding the table do something about it?" I told him that it May 3-May 15. in anger as they soug;ht to score points be did, and worked as fast as I could that morn May 17-May 29. fore an arbitrator. ing getting about 80% of it ha.uled out to the June 7-June 19. curb prior to the downpour and asked where June 21--July 3. I include Mr. Rogers fine article in the he was during that time. I was told, "It is July 12.-July 24. RECORD: none of your damn business." The following July 26-Augun 7. NEW COURSE FOR SCHOOL Klos: How To day when I returned from downtown Atlanta August. 9-A.ugus:t 21. BUILD A HOUSE about 10:30 p.m., I found my pillowcase pil August 23-september 4. (By John G. Rogers) low, sheet and mattress saturated with urine. Saturday was. listed on our schedule as PITTSBURGH, PA.-Robert Allen is a build "Free time-Do your own thing." Four of ing contractor who drives hard bargains MAN'S INHUMANITY TO MAN-HOW when it comes to buying land for a big hous the male participants had planned to ge~ a shower and a good night's sleep at a hotel LONG? ing development. Ross Thomas is a union in downtown Atlanta but were told in. vecy leader who gives Allen a rough time during positive terlllS- that it was not intended that wage negotiations. And Jeffrey Johnson is a any participants spend any evenings sleep HON. WILLIAM J. SCHERLE master carpenter who hammers and saws on ing away from Cornerstone. OF IOWA Allen's projects. All this is quite strange be I believe that I approached trafning op IN T HE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cause Robert Allen, Ross: Thomas and Jeffrey portunity wit-h a mature and open r:r:UnVirginia. Mr. tion?" a preliminary exposure to both in month Speaker, the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD of The house-building, of course, is real while long required courses. Then, in the 9th other aspects of the one-year class are simu Wednesday, November 18, 1970, begin grade, the full one-year courses would be ning on page 38010, contained my state lated exercises--for example, buying property elective for those students interested-prob and bargaining over wage rates. But even the ably just boys--and here the concept of vo ment relating a 3-hour meeting I had simulations are faithful to reality accord cational training for future employment held the previous day at which an over ing to a given set of facts and the kids fre would enter in. Another likelihood is that flow group in the meeting room of the quently get quite carried away. At a recent students will take bot h courses in the 9t h District of Columbia Committee urged union-management grievance session, boys and lOth grades. Mr. Robert E. Jordan lli, General Coun on both sides were pounding the table in anger as they sought to score points before SPECIAL TRAINING sel of the Department of the Army, to an arbitrator. IACP has a network of 18 colleges which reject a proposal to close Arlington Na THEY LOVE IT train "world" teachers at special summer ses tional Cemetery to all sightseeing buses, Student enthusiasm for The World of Con sions. In addition to the expense of teacher charter buses, schoolbuses, limousines, struction is obvious when you see the class training, it's estimated that installing a taxicabs, and tour guides with the excep in action. Whether the problem is pouring " world" program for 125 students costs $40 a tion of Landmark Tours, Inc., operating concrete or the principle of hoisting steel head the first year, $10 the second. During as "Tourmobile" under contract with the beaxns, concentration is intense and brows the developmental period, private contractors Department of the Interior. furrow as problems are grappled with. all over the nation have given strong sup In addition to the statements of prin More than one boy will ask permission to port-paid for teacher-training, donated come in on Saturday to keep his job up to thousands in cash, even sent bricks and lum cipal spokesmen for the travel industry date. In simulated routines, they take turns ber for the kids to build with. in the Washington area, a number of in playing different roles. High praise comes Endorsement of the "world" programs by dividual witnesses appeared. Others who from a Pittsburgh father: hard-headed businessmen and labor leaders were either unable to appear or to sub "My son has learned more about the con is testimony to their worth and it's surpris mit prepared statements have written to struction business in just a few months than ing t hat these imaginative courses weren't me expressing their own individual con I have picked up in my lifetime." thought of long ago. For the fact is--the jobs cern about the proposal. Still others The World of Construction and a com for more than one-third of the U.S. labor have, since the time of his testimony, panion course, The World of Manufacturing, force are in construction and manufactur were developed by the Industrial Arts Cur ing and all of us are affected in many ways written to Mr. T. S. Trimmer, assistant riculum Project (IACP) , a team of Ohio by what happens in those industries. vice president for operations of D.C. State University education specialists, with Transit System, Inc., with copies of cor cooperation from the University of Illinois. respondence to other of our colleagues Private funds from organized labor and big who represent them. As all these com business and $1.4 mlllion from the U.S. Of munications serve to emphasize the con fice of Education have financed development INDEPENDENCE DAY OF certed appeal of the industry against this of the two courses. MAURITANIA Pittsburgh's schools-the city entered the proposal, and many contain specific con program last year in just one junior high cerns not included in the original testi but added six more this year-are among 250 mony. I insert the text of these various schools in 40 states which either are still HON. CHARLES C. DIGGS, JR. communications at this point in the testing the imaginative courses or have OF MICmGAN RECORD. adapted them as permanent curriculum. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES I again urge our colleagues to join me Among participating cities are Dallas, Chi Monday, November 30, 1970 in fighting this proposal. cago, Philadelphia, Denver, Salt Lake City, The material follows: Seattle, Portland, Ore., Newark, N.J., and Mr. DIGGS. Mr. Speaker, the Islamic Long Beach, Calif. Republic of Mauritania celebrates the WASIDNGTON, D . C., John Luck, who used to teach conventional November 11, 1970. "shop" in Pittsburgh schools, is delighted to lOth anniversary of its independence on Hou se oj Representative$, be teaching The World of Construction. November 28. This young country of 1,- W ashington, D.C. "That old-fashioned shop used to worry me," 200,000 people has been confronted with a DEAR MR. BROYHILL: As a licensed guide he says. "A kid might spend a whole week difficult and often inhospitable climate in the District of Columbia and one of t he just sandpapering some boards. What a waste and environment throughout its history. Representatives of Guide Service of Wash of time and mind that was! In the same Since its independence, the Government ington at the meeting held in your office on week 1n The World of Construction he comes has sought to overcome these natural ob October 26, 1970, I was impressed by your up against maybe a dozen challenges he has stacles by improving the lot of its people concern for our plight at Arlington National to lick. And that goes on right through the Cemetery if indeed it were to be closed to all whole course. Even the final act-tearing through it.s economic develoment af commercial vehicles. It is my deep convic down the housing sections--is made Into a forts. It is gratifying to note that the tion that if this did come to pass, many lesson of demolition and salvage." signs of economic improvement are now Americans as well as foreign visitors will Just as enthusiastic as John Luck is Rich being seen in the rise of per capita in be denied t he privilege of visiting a National ard Cadwallader who teaches The World of come and in an economic growth rate Shrine to honor our Unknown Soldiers due Manufacturing. "We've got the same com of approximately 9 percent annually. We to lack of t ime, lack of money or lack of plete approach," he reports. "The kids form energy. Most of our school groups with their a corporation and there's a board of directors, can only wish the people of Mauritania hard-earned travel time and money budgeted personnel department, labor unions the continued good success in the future. very closely could afford neither the t wo works. We sell stock in the company a~d the For the United States, this past year hours it would take to walk up t he h ill big project of the year is making high int en was notable in that diplomatic relations from t he parking lot and back nor t he sev sity reading lamps on an assembly line." were reestablished with Mauritania on ent y-five cents per person it would cost them To give his students the concept of an as t o ride t he proposed minibus. Our senior sembly line, Cadwallader set one up the first December 22, 1969, after the rupture oc citizen grou p equally would be hard-pressed week of school to make coat hangars out of curring as a result of the 1967 Arab to manage the trek by foot or pay the $1.25 it heavy wire. In a few hours the line turned Israeli war. We regretted the decision of would cost them per adult to ride. out 180 of them and only four were rejects. Mauritania to break relations with us in At present , t he buses we bring into t he cemet ery cause no congestion by coming A BIG PLUS 1967 and welcomed the return to n01mal t hrough t he main gate and going up t o the "The assembly line turned up some added relations. The United States hopes these Tomb via Porter Drive. We lecture to ou r benefit," Cadwallader recalls. "I had one boy relations will evolve and grow str onger groups en.route and d irect our bus drivers to who was constantly in a silent rage. He didn't over the coming decade. unload in the bus parking lot t here and con- 39198 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 30, 1970 tinue back down the hill where we meet from the Tomb of the Unknown down to the Please do all in your power to see that the them with our group forty-five minutes later, Kennedy graves provides an invaluable op cemetery will remain open to free enterprise. walking downh111 past the Kennedy grave portunity to answer questions on a.n indi Congratulations on your re-election! sites. This has been a fine arrangement and vidual or group basis, about many diverse Sincerely, one we hope will not be discontinued due features of American history, customs, even --- M. HARBERS. to a misunderstanding of the services we horticulture-for the trees and plantings in perform or to a lack of consideration for the the cemetery are of great interest to the large groups which come to our Nation's foreign tourist. The 30-45 minutes we spend WEST SPRINGFIELD, VA., Capital. Everyone of my tour groups has with them in the cemetery-whose noble November 13, 1970. looked forward to visiting Arlington and and serene atmosphere enhances this t.ask Re Arlington Cemetery and th~ Tourmobile without fail, each group has left it with all are truly valuable in giving us an opportunity Hon. JOEL T. BROYHILL, their high expectations realized. to delineate the best in America and to put House of Representatives, Mr. Broyhill, we appreciate your efforts on to rest many misconceptions with which Rayburn House Office Building, behalf of guides and tour groups in Wash any foreign tourist in any country is often Washington, D.O. ington. Looking forward to meeting with laden. DEAR MR. BROYHILL: In letters to you you once again on Tuesday, November 17th, This function, which I have only generally September 23rd and October 20th from Mr. I am, sketched, cannot in any way be performed Irving Schlaifer you have been given many Very t ruly yours, by the opezator of a Tourmobile. And I am of the urgent reasons why the transportation Mrs. JACK A. NEUBERGER. not sure I know of any function more vital and sightseeing industry of Washington feels to mutual respect and understanding among it needs your help in keeping Arlington SILVER SPRING, MD., countries than this person-to-person basis National Cemetery open and available to November 12, 1970. wherein we can attempt to set forth the tourists (who are our second biggest Mr. JOEL BROYHILL, best about our country and dispel many industry!) . House Office Building, mistaken notions. This task is, also a source Since I am one of approximately fort y Washington, D .C.: of personal pleasure and of patriotic' privilege women employed by Guide Service of Wash I would like to thank you for the work for the educated and trained guide. Our ington (all of whom are licensed guides) , not you are doing in regards to the problem of greatest reward is to sense the new compre relying on this work as my livelihood, but as Arlingtan Cemetery. I only wish that my hension of America which emerges from this a very welcome addition to our finances in Congressman and Senators in Maryland who guided tour through Arlington. I am truly this inflated economy, perhaps I could offer I have corresponded on this matter would dismayed that the promoters of the Tour several different insights as to why Arlington be the man that you are. I have called and mobile. have apparently never even thought National Cemetery would be a disaster for written many letters to my Congressman of the foreign visitor, whose numbers are our visitors with only a Tourmobile. and Senators but you, a man from Virginia, increasing tremendously each year. There is 1. We have an enormous number of foreign has come to my rescue. Most certainly I absolutely no way in which the Tourmobile tourists; more every year. I speak German appreciate this with all my heart. I have told can provide any sort of adequate service to fluently and have escorted thousands of for all my constituent s of your interest in this the foreign visitor. And never could it per eign visitors to Arlington. Mr. Broyhill, these matter form this very personal service which the international visitors come (at great ex Sincerely, guides endeavor to do. pense-remember the conversion rates!) to EDWARD A. VANDERFORD. Those of us who specialize in the foreign see our Capital City, of course, but for them, tours are also called into service during the the high point of the visit is the opportunity NOVEMBER 12, 1970. peak of the spring school-bus season espe of seeing the Kennedy gravesite and the DEAR CONGRESSMAN BROYHILL: Speaking as cially during Cherry Blossom Festival. 'some Changing of the Guard at the Tomb of the a l·icensed guide for this area and having at what the same educational service is per Unknown Soldier. It would be unthinkable tended the meet ing in your office October 20, formed for our American school children to them to miss this part of their trip. I want to congratulate you on your re-elec again often on an individual or group basis: 2. The same approach applies to the tion and also express my personal apprecia The Tourmobile would be totally inadequate thousands of middle-aged and older United tion for your help in keeping Arlington to this task. I question also the mechanics States citizens who come to visit Washington. Cemeterv open. I am extremely concerned of getting 60 busloads of tourists up to How many times an elderly lady or gentleman about the Tourmobile being given a monop the Changing of the Guard at a fixed moment has told me, "Mrs. Bellman, the only (or oly and making it look like "Disneyland." if they must transfer on and off to a Tour "main") reason I came on this trip was to My husband is a retired Captain US Navy mobile. The present system by which the see President Kennedy's grave!" These are the now working for the Atomic Energy Com charter buses drop them o:tr at the bus stop voters and taxpayers of our country, Mr. mission and he feels as I do concerning Ar near the tomb and then leave immediately Broyhill, and they feel that Arlington Ceme lington. for the lower parking area is far more flexible tery belongs to them. Sincerely, and permits tourists to arrive for the hourly 3. Here's another set of circumstances: JUNE HUMPHREY. ceremony with a minimum of time-wasting in March, April and May, thousands of young delay. people arrive on buses for their first visit to ALEXANDRIA, VA. I Will look forward to meeting with you on their Capital. In most cases, the class has DEAR CONGRESSMAN BROYHILL: It is a source November 17-and in the meanwhile I hope raised the money to come with bake sales, of great satisfact ion and comfort to me, a you will have a moment to reflect earnestly car washes, service activities--one class licensed tour guide in the District of Co on the services we can render our foreign painted a house !-and they're working on a lumbia, that you have taken an active inter tourists and how best these can be accom very tight budget. So tight, in some cases, est in the problems that confront us regarding plished. that it's been figured to the penny how much the possible closing of Arlington Cemetery to Yours truly. a child can spend for food. Having to pay all tour guides, buses, limousines, taxis, etc. CAROLINE EMBRY TURNER $1.25r or even 75¢, at Arlington will be the difference between having a nourishing Your support and encouragement is most Guide Service of Washington: Inc. sincerely appreciated by all of us in the NOVEMBER 12, 1970. lunch, or just drinking a coke to fill up that licensed tour industry who recognize that hollow space under every kid's ribs at noon the appropriation of Arlington Cemetery to time! itself by the Tourmobile will create far more ARLINGTON, VA., 4. The time factor is critical, too. During problems than it will resolve. November 12, 1970. peak months in the spring and summer, I I would like to point out to you for your DEAR CONGRESSI'>IAN BROYHILL: I was one cannot conceive of a tourmobile being able serious consideration the particular plight of the licensed guides who attended the to handle adequately the numbers of people of the foreign tourist, for it is with this meeting in your otfice on Tuesday. 20 Octo coming to Arlington to see the changing of tourist that I personally am most familiar ber, seeking to keep Arlington Cemetery open t he Guard. Since the ceremony takes only a since I act as guide for French and Italian and I want to thank you for your efforts in few minutes, arriving a minute after it's over speaking groups on charter buses. preventing the 1 November closing of the is heartbreaking--and a group on tour The visit to Arlington is, without any cemetery. doesn't have the t i me to wait the additional doubt, the highlight of the trip to Washing To allo.w Tourmobile a complete monopoly hour for the next one. Guides allways plan ton for these tourists. They are not only for sightseeing at "Arlington" is undemo their time so as to an-ive at the proper time eager to visit the Kennedy tomb-many say cratic. I do hope that this proposed plan for the ceremony-you know how long it will "Nous sommes Venus pour cela"- "We came will be resolved at the hearing on 17 No take with your bus; how could you possibly for that"-but also to see the changing of vember, Longworth House Office Building. judge this with the proposed tourmobile? the guard. But something ov er and above It is said that the increased traffic con How long would you have to wait in line? these two highlights comes out of their visit, gestions caused this proposal-yet, the many 5. Last, but certainly not in order of when accompanied by an educated and times I have taken groups to Arlington importance, many thousands of elderly trained guide who can speak their language Cemetery, I have not seen a traffic problem to people visit Arlington-and as I mentioned and answer their questions. They learn a warrant a monopoly by one agency. This so earlier, they come mainly for that reason. great deal about our Civil War. They learn lution would only create chaos; and would Many of them are not capable of walking very a great deal about American customs in be a hardship on tourist traveling by char far-ft is an enormous effort for them to funerals, military and otherwise. The walk tered bus with limited funds. walk downhill from the Tomb of the Un- November 30, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39199 known Soldier to the Kennedy gravesite, and I am a non-resident sightseeing guide of Your work on our behalf is greatly then downhill to the bus-they're pretty nineteen years standing, employed by Monu appreciated. tuckered out when they get back. It would be mental Motor Tours of Baltimore. I have Sincerely yours, physically impossible for many of these vis been able to observe, first hand, the impact WILLIAMP. O'FLINN. itors to walk uphill from the parking lot to a visit to Arlingt-on National Cemetery, to the gravesite, then uphill to the Tomb of the visit the Tomb of the Unknown Soldiers, Unknown Soldier, and then all the way back has on people of all ages. My business is SILVER SPRING, MD., November 13, 1970. down again to their buses . . . and this bringing groups to Their Nations Capital, to Hon. JOEL T. BROYHILL, would almost certainly be the case, because introduce them to Their Capital City and House of Representatives, could not guides time their arrivals at Ar the many points of interest. Many thousands Washington, D.C. lington, knowing they must rely on the tour of these persons are school children of all ages. In many cases, teachers have been DEAR CONGRESSMAN BROYHILL: As a Wash mobile's schedule. They would be forced to ington tourist guide, I want to thank you have the group walk ... and walking, of collecting nickles and dimes for months from course, would take from thirty minutes to an children of families who can ill afford the for taking the time out of your busy schedule hour or more longer, which would cut into expense. In many cases groups come to to intercede on our behalf with regard to the the time left for seeing Washington's other Washington from schools in districts where situation at Arlington Cemetery. I am pleased important sights. Many groups come for only budgets are so tight the small fee of fifteen with the postponement you were able to ob a day, so this hour becomes critical! cents (15c) for the tour of the Capital tain, pending a. hearing in this matter. During the six years I have been a guide Building is omitted from the "charge for Having been a guide for many years in the in Washington, in both English and German, the trip" as it may well be the difference Washington area, if this situation is allowed I have learned so many things from our between many children taking the trip or to continue, it will curtail my income and visitoJ:st .•. American's reactions to their staying home. Imagine, please, the hardship deprive me and my family of a means of sup Capital City, an international visitor's reac that would be imposed if additional funds port. It is too late in my life to turn to other tions to the United States and its citizens. had to be included for such things as a means of support. But I've found there is a universal feeling tourmobile. And how about the many thou Looking forward to a just solution of this about Arlington that does something special sands of senior citizen groups who, likewise, matter and thanking you again, I am to all my groups of tourists. I sincerely hope would have to miss this principle feature of Sincerely yours, they will not be deprived of this unique Their Capital for the lack of the ability to MILTON J. BRANDON. experience. pay this additional fee. I've gone on at great length, Mr. Broyhill, In addition, sir, part of our skill in per NOVEMBER 14, 1970. but I hope the way I feel about Arlington forming our job, is the ability to be in the Hon. JoEL T. BROYHILL: I am objecting to will assist you in helping us. right place at the right time in order to the proposed closing of Arlington National There must be a better solution than a make the most of the time spent in our Cemetery to the sightseeing industry. My husband is a licensed guide for the past tourmobil~pecially one that charges Capital City advantageous to our customers. $1.25! I know that many of my busloads of Imagine if you can sir, the bottlenecks that 20 years and makes his living doing so. visitors, when they are told they will be would be created I! it were necessary to Hoping you will continue working for our charged $1.25 ta see Arlington Cemetery, or "make connections" and "tran.s!er" passen cause. have the alternative of walking as I explained gers and ''meet a schedule run"! The re Respectfully, would be necessary, will elect not to visit sulting lines of waiting people, the endless Mrs. PHILIP M. SPIVAK. Arlington, and go back. home rather bitter line of tourmobiles (or whatever), the sell about it--and this is what they will remem ing of tickets and giving of change would BLADENSBURG, MD., ber about Washington-not all the other set up our greatest of memorials to our war November 15, 1970. historical and interesting things they've dead for the Title of the Side Show Across Congressman BROYHILL. seen! the Potomac. Believe me, many peopre would DEAR Sm: I will not be able to make this As Mr. Schlaifer said in his September 23rd leave Washington disappointed because they meeting that is coming up on Nov. 17th be letter, who stands to gain from this change? had to miss Arlington and the "Change of tween you and the sightseeing guides. Certainly not the millions of visitors I Can Guard." But I would like for you to know although we afford to lose the boost they give the I have seen a few changes at Arlington in I live in Md. I am sure glad that you made economy of our metropolitan area--including my nineteen years. Closing the Flort Meyer it 'back in for another term. the Tenth District? entrance to buses was one of the first, re I have a summer home outside of Win Sincerely, stricting buses in other areas followed, spe chester, Va., and I spent a lot of time up IRMA M. BELLMAN. cial bus routes were established. In each there. P.S.-If there is any change in the time case these changes were justified or appeared I expect to retire there within the next 4 set for the hearing November 17, 19'70, 2:30 so. But sir, I never thought I would see the years. p.m., could I be advised, please? I plan to day that Arlington National Cemetery would Mr. Broyhill this meeting with you is be there. have a concessionaire. I would have thought very important to us in fact it means our the thinking by those in decision making bread and butter. I can assure you of one HYATTSVILLE, MD., positions would be on a higher plane. I thing if you can get all the cab drivers and November 13, 1970. refuse to believe this problem to be so in sightseeing and bus drivers behind you. You Congressman JOEL T. BROYHILL, surmountable as to necessitate such a dras will be one powerful man up on that hill. Rayburn House Office Building, tic move. I have been in the sightseeing business Washington, D.C. Congressman Broyhill, my company is not for 36 years, and I can assure you now that DEAR CONGRESSMAN BROYHILL: This letter in competition with Landmark Services or they are trying to drive us off of the streets. is to express my support of the effort of the anyone else in business in Washington. I I am quite sure you can do something Emergency Taxi cab Committee in their personally am not in competition with any about this. attempt to keep Arlington National Cemetery of my brother guides in Washington. I join We are all looking to you for help-I don't open to commercial and private vehicles. them in this effort to rectify what I con know if you know it or not, but there is ten In my opinion, Landmark Services are try sider an injustice for one reason, that rea thousand licensed cab drivers in D.C. alone. ing to impose a monopoly on private and son being that I want to continue doing the We will thank you for whatever you can commercial transportation and it should be best I can for my customer, the ultimate do. stopped. Situations like this restrict free person, really, who will be the loser. Yours sincerely, enterprise, the very foundation of our ELWOOD A. STINE. country. Thank you for the interest you have shown for this cause to date. I hope you will see I ask your cooperation in keeping the your way clear to continue. NOVEMBER 15, 1970. Cemetery open. Hon. JoEL T. BRoYHILL, Sincerely, Very truly yours, Rayburn House Office Building, CLYDE A. JORDAN, V. FRED STORM. Washington, D.C. Licensed Guide. DEAR Sm: It is coinforting to me to see ARLINGTON, VA., someone of your importance and stature to BALTIMORE, MD., November 14, 1970. take time out of his busy work s.chedule and November 13, 1970. Hon. JOEL T. BROYHILL, reach down and take the hand of the little Congressman JoEL T. BROYHILL, Rayburn House Office Building, guy on the street. Rayburn House Office Building, Washington, D.C. As a member of the sightseeing industry Washington, D.C. DEAR MR. BROYHILL: Thank you for your in the city of Washington I am angry at the DEAR CONGRESSMAN BROYHILL; In regards time and effort in keeping Arlington Ceme way the government has stepped into pri to the decision of the Secretary of the Army tery open. vate enterprise. It was always my belief that and the Secretary of the Department of the I was very impressed with your ability to the bill of rights allowed the little man the Interior to close Arlington National Cemetery handle the problem at the October 20 meet right to life, liberty and the pursuit of hap to vehicles connected with the Sightseeing ing. As one o"f your constituents, I am glad piness. In pursuing my line of work I am no industry, I would like to offer the following: you will once again be representing us. longer happy. CXVI--2469-Part 29 39200 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 30, 1970 This so called "TOURMOBILE" has come pa.rent ly licensed (without benefit of com consider this and provide for passes or wind in on the scene and achieved something that petitive public bidding) will have little or shield stickers for those of us who have rea I as a native Washingtonian can't get. That no interest in appealing to t hese relative son for regular visits to the cemetery. is to achieve the right to run a bus over 7 minority groups. The carnival atmosphere that prevails due passengers on the streets of Washington It seems to me, Congressman Broyhill, that to the tour busses and hordes of curious is without having the WMATC approval or aside from a purely national pride motive distressing to those of us who wish a quiet t he ICC rights. After all I as a Licensed (which itself is important enough), the and dignified resting place for our loved ones. sightseeing guide would like to be able to fact that one company has a monopoly con Certainly the cemetery should not be utilized secure rights as they are doing and ply my trol over access to a national monument as a short-cut for commuters. trade without this unfair treatment I am for a profit motive is basically unfair, not Please take our position into consideration receiving at the hands of the government. to mention immoral and probably illegal. when you present your proposals. I happen to be very adept at my business I respectfully ask tha t you do what your Sincerely, and very proud to be in this line of work. conscience dictates, and that hopefully this Mrs. GERALD BURGENER. I think it is important that we as guides be will be to permit access to the cemetery of able to expound on the glory of our city tour buses with their guides and interpreters. ALITALIA AIRLINES, which should reflect the American way. I as well as the taxis and limousines that have New York, N.Y., November 16, 1970. take my trade seriously enough to be a mem themselves never created the alleged "traf Mr. T . S. TRIMMER, ber of several Historical Societies, and over fic congestion" cited by the Army. Assistant Vice President, D.C. Transit a period of time it has become a hobby with Respect fully, Washington, D.C.: ' me to be sort of a Washington buff. Show E. C. COLLAR, Proposal, Secretary of Army, to close me somebody in the "Tourmobile" organiza Corporate Representative. Arlington Cemetery to all vehicle trafl'lc. tion that can say the same. Forcing our thousands of visitors to use One other thing. I just wonder what rev FALLS CHURCH, VA., other media transportation other than enue the city derives from Universal Studios November, 19, 1970. charter buses could atrect price wise or due in the form of taxes and corporate dividends. Hon. JoEL T . BROYHILL, walking discomfort of our future Washington I want to again thank you for your efforts House of Representatives, packages. and am now ready to understand what makes Washington, D.C. CINCENZO U!tSINO, you the valuable asset you are to your con DEAR MR. BROYHILL: As One of your con Manager, Visit USA Department. stituents. stituents and a licensed guide I attended the Ever grateful and sincerely, hearing you held on November 17 in the BUJtLINGTON No:aTHEitN, M. H. BAKER, Longworth Building. November 16, 1970. Licensed Guide, Badge No. 74. If I understood Mr. Jordan and his col Hon. ROBERT PACKWOOD, leagues, commercial traffic will be barred Senate Office Buildi ng, TAMAGUI TRAVEL AND TOURIST from the Cemetery because it causes traffic Washington, D.C. SERVICE, jams. However, the gentleman from the Army DEAR SENATOR PACKWOOD: It has been Called Washington, D.C., November 16, 1970. assured the parties present that there will be to our attention the fact that the Secretary Hon. JoEL T. BROYHILL, enough Tourmobiles at any time to take care of the Army proposed to close Arlington Na Rayburn House Office Building. of all the tourists. tional Cemetery to all vehicle trafl'lc on No Washington, D.C. Why won't 20, 30 or 40 (or whatever their vember 1, 1970. This order was postponed MR. CONGRESSMAN: We have been promot number would have to be) Tourmoblles an until after a public hearing on November 17. ing tourism from Spanish speaking countries hour running in two different routes-dis We are very much opposed to such a moTe, to Washington, for the past seven years and charging people at far more stops than busses and would appreciate your aupport in our always considered Arlington Cemetery a must were permitted to make-create more of a behalf. for the visitors. Their tour of the Nation's traffic problem? We have handled transportation for many Capital will not be complete if the do not The parking lot at the Visitors Center school and church groups coming to Wash visit the Tomb of the Unknown Soldiers which can hold 600 cars and which serves as ington, D.C. on educational trip. The high and The Kennedys graves. Now we hear that a pick-up point for most of us after our tours light is always the vl8it to Arlington Ceme the Cemetery is going to be closed to other through the cemetery has been crowded at tery. The fact that our students have a geo vehicles b~t Tourmobile and that they will times, and departures were occasionally de graphical disadvantage means that it costs charge $1.25 for transportation in the layed. This was at a time when busses, limou more to get there and are dependent upon Cemetery grounds. Really this additional sines and taxis were still 'Jermitted in the local bus transporta~ion when they arrive. charge will be too much for any visitor and cemetery. Under the new plan you will not If the sightseeing buses are required to speci·ally for those coming to visit the Unit only have far more busses and cars in the park outside the cemetery, it wm mean addi ed States from abroad. parking lot, there wlll be the additional con tional expense and delay for our groups. _ We need your help in this important mat fusion of large crowds transferring from one Again, any action on your part would be ter to prevent the closing of the Cemetery, vehicle to another, plus a continuous stream most appreciated. so many people will be able to continue of Tourmobiles coming and going. The result Very truly yours, working on what has been their profession would be a huge traffic tie-up on the ap A. T. MERCER, for so many years. proach to the cemetery during the season. District Passenger Sales Manager. With our gratitude, we like to remain very I would also like to raise a question now (Identical letters also received by Senator truly yours, which I did not hear asked during the hear HATFIELD, Congressman WYATT, and Congress JORGE TAMAYO, ing: What provision has been made for the woman GREEN of Oregon.) Manager. groups that have come to pay their respect at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier by OXLEY TRAVEL SERVICE, WESTERN GEAR CoRP., placing a wreath? This ceremony takes place Tor onto, Canada, November 13, 1970. Washington, D.C., November 18, 1970. by appointment only and punctuality is a Mr. T. S. TRIMMER, Hon. JOEL T. BROYHILL, must. Assistant Vice President, Rayburn House Office Buildi ng, I hope you will be able to help our visi D.C. Transit, Washington, D.C. tors-whether they are Americans or from Washington, D.C. DEAR Sm: As the Washington representa abroad-to tour the national shrine that DEAR MR. TRIMMER: Have just returned tive of my company, I have many visitors Arlington Cemetery is, without inconveni from the International American Society of who come to this city, not only for business ence, delay or extra charge. Travel Agents Congress at which over 3000 reasons, but also to see the Nation's Capital. Sincerely yours, Active and Allied Travel Agents met to dis Invariably they ask to visit Arlington Ceme ALICE B. FORBES. cuss and promote Tourism. tery, which now threatens to be a restricted "See America" was largely st ressed, and area, unless one chooses to either walk or FAIRFAX, VA., by t he enthusiastic publicity one gathered pay to travel in the vehicles of a single pri November 20, 1970. that from the President down, every one vate firm. Hon. JoEL T . BROYHILL, was uniting to make 1971 the biggest yet Additionally, my wife is an interpreter and House of Represen.tatves, in tourism in the U.S.A. accompanies groups of French citizens on Washington, D.C. You can imagine the shock I received on guided tours. These people always ask to see Sm: Your proposal to limit vehicular traf my return to learn that the Secretary of our National Cemetery and invariably come the Army had proposed that Arlington Na away with a renewed respect and ilnproved fic in Arlington Cemetery certainly has some tional Cemetery was to be closed to all Ve attitude for the American people, something merit but I feel that you have overlooked one hicular traffic except otnclal cars and or that is becoming increasingly rare in these aspect of the situation. funerals. times, as you know so well. Other associates My husband was a Viet nam casualty and is Arlington Cemet ery and particularly the of my wife execute similar troanslations in burled in Arlington, some distance from the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier belongs to the other languages. It is apparent that the sin main entrance. It would create a hardship for people of the United States, the mothers and gle private company which the Interior De my sons and me if we could not drive into the fathers and familles of the m1llions who partment and the Army h ave already ap- the cemetery. Perhaps your proposal should had sons and daughters serving in foreign November 30, 1970 EXTENSIONS _OF ~MARKS 39201 wars, and the Tomb of the Unknown So~dier as to other places of international interest great deal in which to be proud and we !eel might be the resting place of their son. It without encountering a walk of 1% to 2 that Arlington Cemetery plays an important is unthinkable and unbelievable that such hours. part in this history. an idea could even be voiced. We are sure that we are not the only tour Business-wise we would be affected two Separate and apart from the proposed order operator that has been told by their Euro fold. We send a substantial number of visi that "Arlington National Cemetery only be to pean clients that Arlington Cemetery has tors to Washington, D.C. and arrange sight the 'upper brass' of the Army, because thou always been a highlight of their Washington seeing for them . . . Arlington Cemetery sands of parents are now in the older bracket, tour, but we are sure that every tour oper is always included. Our Group Division and couldn't walk in from the gates, there ator will not be able to include Arlington would be seriously a1Iected, since he.re again, are those of the younger generation, who National Cemetery in the regular D.C~ sight our group tours visiting Washington, D.C. look on Arlington National Cemetery as hal seeing, if transportation within the Cemetery visit Arlington Cemetery. Even assuming that lowed ground, and feel the natural urge to will no longer be permitted. inter-cemetery transportation might be pay homage to the Great Men who have gone May we point out to you that the U.S. tax available (other than the tour buses which before them. If this proposed ruling is carried payers are paying a great amount of money we normally use) , the price of such a tour through, it could be another wedge driven to bring Europeans to this country through certainly would increase our costs ~ in to the fabric of the Country to cause the official U.S. travel service represented - It iS our sincere hope that the Secret ary of another opening for the continued dissatis widely in Europe and that in many brochures the Army will reconsider his proposal. faction and unrest which has more than Arlington National Cemetery is publicized as Very truly yours, raised its ugly head. a great landmark, which indeed it is. We DICK RA.NIAN, Manager, Group TraveL Division. Also what about the loss of money to the feel that the Secretary of the Army 1S not Tour operator and transportation firms who justified in having tax payers pay to publi bring thousands upon thousands of people CHURCHILL TOURS, cize this American landmark to foreign Visi Portland, Oreg., November 13, 1970. into washington every year, and who want tors and then make them walk or maybe pay Hon. RoBERT PACKWOOD, to visit the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, additionally in order to vi.sit the historical U.S. Senate, President Kennedy's Grave and other great sites so widely publicized. Americans. Washington, D.O. we are confident that you can project the - Sm: We should like to voice our disap Have they come up with any counter pro true needs of European visitors to whoever is pooal? Are they suggesting to have an auxil proval of the Secretary of the Army's proposal responsible for such a detrimental order ~nd to close Arlington Cemetery to all but spe iary transportation system. It won't work we will certainly see to it that our Senator and one of the reasons is that prices have cial vehicular traffic. will be properly informed. We are of the opinion that this would climbed so high, that to add an additional Yours very truly, cost to a Tour, which can't be completed as be a mistake. GUS W. BESSERER, A.side from the strictly business outlook, it has been in the past, we would have to General Manager . cut it out altogether because of the cost. in which, of course, we are very interested, Is it possible that you can do something there would be a tremendous loss hiStorically NYMAN & ScHuLTZ/ NORDISK, to the public in general. Our nation has a about this iniquitous proposed ruling. New York, N.Y., November 17, 1970. Sincerely, great deal in which to be proud and we !eel Mr. T . S. TRIMMER, that Arlington Cemetery plays an important MRs. FERN OXLEY, Assistant Vice President, D.O. Transit Sys Coordinator oj Group Tours. part in this history. tem, Inc., Washington, D.C. Business-wise we would be affected two DEAR MR. TRIMMER: It is in deep concern fold. W& send a substantial number of visi TRADE AND INDUSTRY TOURS we have found out that the secretary of the ASSOCIATION, tors to Washington, D.C. and arrange sight Army has proposed to close Arlington Ceme seeing for them ••• Arlington Cemetery New York, N.Y., November 16, 1970. tery to all sightseeing and groups tours. As Mr. T. S. TRIMMER, is always included. Our Group Division being one of the leading taurs operators for would be seriously affected, since here again, Assistant Vice President, D.C. Transit, traffic from the Scandinavian countries to Washington, D.C. our group tours visiting washington, D.C. the United States, we know b-y experience viSit Arlington Cemetery. Even assuming that DEAR MB. 'I'luM.MER: we understand that that one of the main things vi.siting foreign the Secretary of the Army has proposed to inter-cemetery transportation might be ers want to do while in Washington, D.C. is available (other than the tour buses which close Arlington Cemetery to all vehicular to visit Arlington. Cemetery. An eventual traffic. we normally use) , the price of such a tour closing of the Cemetery grounds for public certainly would increase our costs. A.s you knaw, we have hundreds of people transportation would give the Arlington from Europe every year that we bring . to It is our sincere hope- that the Secretary of Cemetery as well as in some respect Wash the Army will reconsider his proposal. Washington for a weekend in order to see our ington D.C. an Image of red tape, which beautiful capitaL Part of the Washington Very truly yours, would be quite diftlcult for visiting foreigners DICK RA.NIAN, scene is definitely Arlington Cemetery, since to understand. One should remember that a Manager, Group Travel Divi3ion. it has been widely publicized in Europe, not lot of Europeans are very thankful to what only after President Kennedy's funeral but the American people have done !or them dur NYMAN & Scxt1L'I'Z/No•DISK, even before, as a na-tional monument. ing two world wars and many feel sort of New York, N.Y., November 17, 1970. Up to now, w-e have been able to include obliged to pay a visit to among other things Mr. T. S. TRIMMER, Arlington Nationa.l Cemetery within our 4 hr. the Unknown Soldiers Tomb. If, as suggested A3sistant Vice President, D.C. Transit S]/stem, sightseeing tour through our capital and we by the Secretary of the Army, the ground Inc., Washington, D.C. feel very strongly that this would no longer would be closed a k>t of elderly people etc. DEAR MR. TRn.r:MU: It is in deep concern be possible if '>Ur participants should be re would not be able to pay their respect. we ha.ve found out that the Secretary of the quired to either take additional transporta we really hope that your company and at- - Army has proposed to close Arlington Ceme tion at additional expense or walk from the torneys will be successful. in the effort to tery to all sightseeing and groups tours. As parking lot to the Change of Guard and convince the authorities of the necessity of being one of the leading tour operators !or Presiden~ Kennedy's grave. We would hesi having the Arlington Cemetery open for at traffic from the Scandinavian countries to tate to omit a visit to Arlington Cemetery least public transportation. It is our sincere the United States, we know by experience for our European groups, but we cannot pos hope that we even in the future will be able that one of the main things visiting foreign sibly absorb additional charges to visit this to take our many tours through the well ers want to do while in Washington, D.C., is national memorial and are sure that we managed Arlington Cemetery. to vi.slt Arlington Cemetery. An -eventual cannot impose additional charges !or a visit Kindest regards. closing of the Cemetery grounds !or public to Arlington Cemetery on our participants Sincerely, transportation would give the Arlington since anything else in Washington, D.C. is BoW. LYCKE. Cemetery as well as in some respect Wash free of charge and can be visited any time ington, D.C., an image of red tape, which within the posted vi.siting hours. It would be CHURCHILL TOURS, would be quite diftlcult for visiting foreigners impossible to have the people walk the- far Portland, Oreg., November I3, 1970. to understand. One should remember that a distance involved to not only see the places Hon. MARK 0. HATFIELD, lot of Europeans are very thankful to what mentioned above but also the grave of Mr. U.S. Senate, the American people have done for them dur Dulles and many other corners that make Washington, D.C. ing two world wars and many feel sort of American history come alive. Sm: We should like to voice our di.sap obliged to pay a visit to among other things We urge you to briD.g to the attention of proval of the Secretary of the Army's proposal the Unknown Soldiers Tomb. If, as suggested the panel represented at the public hearing to close Arlington Cemetery to all but spe by the Secretary of the Army, the ground that Europeans visiting .the United States cial vehicular traffic. would be closed a lot of elderly people etc., and taking advantage o~ the services that We are of the opinion that this would would n.ot be able to pay their respects. you o.1fer have no time to spend about 2 to be a mistake. We really hope that your company and at 2 Y:z hrs~ walking to visit this national shrine Aside from the strictly business outlook, torneys will be successful in the effort to con but that it would be imperative to be _able in which, of course, we are very interested, vince the authorities of the necessity of hav to go to the present par~ng :!acUities close there would be a tremendous loss historically ing the Arlington Ce.m.etery open r.or at least to the Tomb o! the Unknown Soldier ~s well to the public in general. Our nation haS a puqlic transportation. It is our sincere hope 39202 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 30, 1970 that we even in the future will be able to THE FUTURE FARMERS OF have the necessary determination and take our many tours through the well man AMERICA aged Arlington Cemetery. willingness to work which will lead to a Kindest regards. better America. The rest of us would do Sincerely, HON. ED JONES well to follow their example. BoW. LYCKE. OF TENNESSEE CHURCHILL TOURS, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Portland, Oreg., November 13,1970. Monday, November 30, 1970 PHILADELPHIA HISTORICAL COM Hon. MARK 0. HATFIELD, U.S. Senate, Mr. JONES of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, MISSION EXPRESSES DEEP INTER Washington, D.O. during the recent election recess, I had EST IN H.R. 18161 Sm: We should like to voice our disap the pleasure of attending the 43d na proval of the Secretary of the Army's pro tional convention of the Future Farmers posal to close Arlington Cemetery to all but of America in Kansas City, Mo. More HON. JAMES A. BYRNE special vehicular traffic. than 12,000 members of this fine orga OF PENNSYLVANIA We are of the opinion that this would be a mistake. nization gathered in that city to conduct IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Aside from the strictly business outlook, in their annual business. Monday, November 30, 1970 which, of course, we are very interested, there I do not recall ever having seen a bet would be a tremendous loss historically to ter behaved group of young men, espe Mr. BYRNE of Pennsylvania. Mr. the public in general. Our nation has a great cially one so large. Everywhere in the Speaker, on June 22, 1970, I introduced deal in which to be proud and we feel that city swarms of blue jackets could be H.R. 18161, to authorize the Secretary Arlington Cemetery plays an important part seen, but the boys wearing the jackets of the Interior to establish the Thaddeus in this history. always conducted themselves as true Kosciuszko Home National Historic Site Business-wise we would be affected two gentlemen. in the State of Pennsylvania. fold. We send a substantial number of visi in Phil tors to Washington, D.C., and arrange sight I was pleased to be asked by the FFA Kosciuszko House is located seeing for them . . . Arlington Cemetery is to address the Friday morning session adelphia, within the Third Congres always included. Our Group Division would of the convention along with the star of sional District of Pennsylvania, which I be seriously affected, since, here again, our the Daniel Boone television show, Mr. represent. group tours visiting Washington, D.C., visit Fess Parker. However, when the orga I am very anxious that this legislation Arlington Cemetery. Even assuming that in nization awarded me its 1970 Leadership be enacted into law to honor the memory ter-cemetery transportation might be avail of the great Polish statesman, Gen. able (other than the tour buses which we Plaque, I was truly honored. normally use) , the price of such a tour cer FFA is directly affiliated with the vo Thaddeus Kosciuszko, who did so much tainly would increase our costs. cational agriculture programs in schools to assist the United States during the It is our sincere hope that the Secretary all across the country. From FFA and Revolutionary War era. of the Army will reconsider his proposal. the vo-ag programs, the boys are given The Philadelphia Historical Commis Very truly yours, expert instruction and encouragement sion has expressed their deep interest in DICK RANIAN, in all phases of agriculture and agri this legislation by adopting a resolution Manager, Group Travel Division. business. on September 29, and I know this will be However, the FFA is also concerned of great interest to my colleagues: CHURCHILL TOURS, RESOLUTION Portland, Oreg., November 13, 1970. with broader issues. For example, it is Hon. ROBERT PACKWOOD, presently involved in a program called (Adopted September 29, 1970, by the Phila U.S. Senate, BOAC or Building Our American Com delphia Historical Commission) Washington, D.O. munities. This program recognizes the Whereas, th~ preservation, protection, and Sm: We should like to voice our disap problems created by the redistribution enhancement of all historically significant proval of the Secretary of the Army's pro of our population over the past 25 years. buildings has done much to bolster Phila posal to close Arlington Cemetery to all but Our people have been leaving the coun delphia's rich heritage involving the birth special vehicular traffic. of our nation; and We are of the opinion that this would be tryside and settling in the urban areas Whereas. the bri~k house at 301 Pine a mistake. in record numbers. In fact, nearly three Street, built by a member of the Carpenters' Aside from the strictly business outlook, fourths of our people now live on only Compan} 1n 1775, was the last residen~e in in which, of course, we are very interested, 2 percent of our land. Naturally, this gi AmeriC xa cutive, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES is still before h im and acutely aware that legislat ive and judicial branches of govern Monday, November 30, 1970 t he possible continues to be his world at ment, spelled out in t he Constit u tion and hand. well known to every schoolboy, has provided Mr. !CHORD. Mr. Speaker, there are It is in t he context of the possible that for a diffusion of political power which has in the United States today a number of man must weigh his achievements and his for two cent uries safeguarded us from to subversive organizations which advocate defeats. In the United States today, we are talitarianism and insured a polit ical st abil the use of revolutionary violence to ac weighing and cataloging our gains and losses ity rarely matched in world h ist ory. Our sys of 194 years to try to determine where we are tem has time and again proven its flexibil complish their objectives. They strive in as a nation and, more importantly, where we it y and unique capacity to adjust to chang every possible way to disrupt democratic are going. Viewed objectively we must as ing conditions and crises through lawful and processes and to inculcate hatred and sert that there is a great deal that is good in democratic means. The ability of our form bigotry that breed violence. As chairman America; we must also concede that there is of government to weather the numerous of the Committee on Internal Security, I much that is bad. It is import ant for us to economic, social and Inilitary challenges have initiated comprehensive studies and examine our national posture in these terms which have arisen throughout our history investigations on the subject of revolu and to see how the scales are weighted. It is and to adjust to the vast cultural and tech tionary violence with a view to informing also important that this be done in a spirit nological changes which have occurred since of optimism and with a sense that perfec 1776, represents prima facie evidence of its the Congress fully on this subject, and tion is our goal despite the fact that we must basic soundness and validity. in the hope that appropriate legislation always be imperfect. Perhaps most extraordinary is the fact can be advanced. This spirit and this sense were strong in that, despite the enormous complexity and An extremely interesting and timely the 19th century America of the great essay dangers of 20th century civilization, we have speech entitled "If Men Were Angels" ist Ralph Waldo Emerson who wrote, "This been able to steadily enlarge the rights and was delivered by William C. Sullivan, As time, like all other times, is a very good one, freedoms of our individual citizens. At no sistant to the Director of the Federal if we but know what to do with it." Emerson time in history has the individual been was surveying a country amicted with grave blessed with more meaningful independence Bureau of Investigation, at the United problems. It was seething with discontent and liberty, at no time has he been so zeal Press International Conference at Wil and facing the agony of a great historical ously protected against the interests of the liamsburg, Va., October 12, 1970. Mr. Sul issue, the slavery question. And yet Emer government or the society as a whole, as in livan's speech has evoked very favorable son affirmed that it was a very good time the United States of 1970. It is this concern responses. I feel that all American citi because he recognized that a vital and dy for the individual, in fact, that has led to zens should inform themselves about the n amic people were in the process of forging a the overreaction described by former Am real nature of the organizations in our great nation. i:>assador Phillip M. Klutznick, as the eleva The American people in Emerson's era were tion of "punks to idol worship while long midst which advocate the use of revolu strong and optimistic-optimistic despite the proved and dedicated workers in the strug tionary violence, in order to develop a many flaws that marred their society and gle for equal opportunity have had to fight greater understanding of their goals and made their lives difficult. They did not look for their professional lives." How much has methods of operation. Such factual data for ixnmunity from errors or inequities of the press media contributed to this? will enable citizens to comprehend the the past, but tackled their problems head Second, 1n cataloging what is "right" about true nature of the threat and thus be on, making their own mistakes but always America, we need to remind ourselves of the alert to the necessity to prevent these balancing out the bad with a greater good. impressive progress this society has achieved nefarious groups from making further That spirit of optimism seems to burn low in the relatively short span of our member in our cont emporary society. To many, Emer ship in the coxnmunity of nations. Our eco inroads into our society. son's vigorous faith in the future may appear nomic and technological accomplishments I was most impressed with the content u t opian. Besieged on every side wit h a flood are almost too well known to be recited. Be and approach of Mr. Sullivan's speech. In of recriminations about what is wrong with ginning from a modest agricultural society in addition to setting forth a detailed, and America and confronted by a growing loss of the late 18th century, America has witnessed therefore most useful, description of the f aith in our democratic ideals, too many an industrial and technological development current subversive movement, the speech Americans have blinded themselves to what and an economic prosperity unparalleled in emphasizes what is right about America, is good and right about our country. Pre history. The American standard of living has occupied with problems still unsolved and far surpassed that of any other nation in the a subject too frequently ignored in the mistakes not yet corrected, they have lost world and we have realized phenomenal suc instruction of young people and forgotten sight of the hard-won progress we have made cess covering the whole spectrum of science by many long-time beneficiaries of our and the solid values of our system. and technology-medicine, space, cybernet democratic system. A democracy cannot CHALLENGE THE DEFEATIST ics, transportation, and communications, function in the midst of chaos. Internal Americans today must not cringe !rom mass production in both industry and agri order is essential if our lives are to be expressing that optimism which bolstered our culture-the list is almost endless. productive and meaningful. Director J. past or fear to declare that faith which in What is even more significant, our extraor Edgar Hoover and Assistant to the Direc spired our forebears. We must challenge the dinary econoinic and scientific advances tor Sullivan understand this principle defeatist; the ignorant critic; and the self have been shared to an increasing extent by very well. Mr. Sullivan's speech, thought seeking protester whatever his motives. We our entire population. Within our lifetime, must assert that whatever the Nation's prob there has been a dramatic improvement in ful and exact in keeping with the high lems, it is still deeply coxnmitted to social the position of American labor, not only in standards of the FBI, merits the widest justice and to those coxnmon ideals which terms of working conditions an d wages but possible distribution. recognize the inherent dignity and worth of also with respect to labor's share in the na I would urge my colleagues to read the individual. Cynicism must be met by tional decision-making process. Union mem Mr. Sullivan's speech and in order that proclamations of what is "right" in Amer bership in the United States today n umbers ica, for there is much to proclaim. some 18 million strong, and it is no exag it might receive wider dissemination, I geration to say that the American working am herewith inserting a copy of it in the First and foremost, is the basic concept of our democracy as embodied in the American man has become a full-fledged p artner with RECORD: Constitution, a document the British states man agement in many areas of our econ omic IF MEN WERE ANGELS man William Gladstone one described as "the life. (By William C. Sullivan) most wonderful work ever struck off by the By almost any st an d ard which can be ap "If men were angels, no government would brain and purpose of man." As a blueprint plied, the American worker is highly privi be necessary. If angels were to govern men, for government, the Constitution is especially ledged in comparison with his counterpart neither external nor internal controls on remarkable because of the aim of its authors in other societies. A simple vivid illustration government would be necessary. In framing to construct a political system which would of this can be seen in the fact that the Ameri a government which is to be administered by serve all the people. The 55 men who com can worker's purchasing power for every h our men over men, the great difficulty lies in prised the Constitutional Convention at worked is more than 10 times great er than this: Philadelphia in 1787 certainly did not repre his Soviet counterpart. You must first enable the government to sent all segments of American society at that As well known as we have become for our control the governed, and in the next place, time. There were virtually no spokesmen for material successes, American progress can oblige it to control itself. A dependence on vast numbers of small farmers or debtors or not be measured simply in terms of the Dow the people is, no doubt, the primary control the unpropertied classes. By contrast, the Jones averages or life-expectancy rates. The on the government, but experience has great majority were part of the "establish q"!-lality of life in our society has been steadily taught mankind the necessity of auxiliary ment," representing the monied interests; improving-although we must certainly look precautions."-The Federalist, No. 51 35 were lawyers and 15 were slaveholders. beyon d the headlines to appreciate this fact. 39204 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 30, 1970 In the field of education. for example, the gle against crime. Educational requirements a staggering $55 bill1on committ ed by the United States has witnessed improvements of pollee applicants now include a college Federal Government to health and welfare on a dramatic scale. In 1900 only four per degree 1n many departments, and there h'as programs and despite the additional billions cent--one out of twenty-five--of our youth been approximately a 40 per cent increase in being spent by private aid organizations. graduated from high school. Today nearly the average pay for law enforcement officers The whirlwind of our technical progress eighty percent of American youth graduate during the past five years. .Pollee-community among other factors has also produced an from high school and about half of these relations. especi1illy in urban areas, have irrational tolerance for civil disorder in the enter college. Even these figures do not tell been heavily stressed and have already begun Nation, much of it centered in our young the whole story. The quality of our educa to pay dividends. Cooperation between people-students and professors. This tion has improved equally as much in terms various police agencies, as typifled by the FBI tolerance for violence has now developed of method, diversity, and teaching skill. Cur National Crime Information Center, has fur to the point where even a few clergymen have rently, for Instance, we are investing more ther improved both the quality and effective b:e.en involved in planning acts of violence. than three times as much for every pupil as ness of law enforcement throughout the The issues underlying student disorders we did only twenty years ago. country. relate basically to demands for change: .an Advances in education are only a part of We cannot minimize the crisis in -crime- end to the war in Southeast Asia; greater a vast "knowledge explosion" which has serious ci'ime in 1969 increased 12 per cent commitments to social justice; and a more characterized this country's growth. America over 1968--or suggest that it will be solved meaningful education-al experience based on today boasts nearly 2,000 dally newspapers in the "foreseeable future, but we should at university reform. with a combined circu.la.tion of well over 60 least be encouraged by the steps being taken The consequences of these problems for million; _some 850 television stations and today to combat it. As an example of what our Nation are such that we cannot await 7.o~O radio stations with comparable au can be accomplished, we need look no further the action of future genera.tions to resolve diences; as well as countless periodicals, than our Nation's Capital where, largely them.. They can be solved :now, as can those publish1ng houses, and other outlets for the through improved training, administration which have been thrust upon us from the expression and interchange of ideas. For the and personnel, the trend toward a runaway past, but only if we are willing to exert free expression of ideas, let it be stressed crime rate has now been clearly reversed. the effort and are ready to make the sacrifices for this vast array of information medi It has been often remarked tbat democ required. operates Without governmental censorship. racy is an inefficient form of government Pressing as these issues are, however, there In the area of civil rights certainly much UU.d some b.a.ve declared that democracy is is one that, by its very nature as a funda remains to be a..ccompllshed, especially in doomed to failure. It Is believed that the mental thre.at to our democratic concepts, tenns of providing equal opportunities for record this country has made, which has demands our greatest effort. This is the grow blacks. 'But even on this score, while con just been touched upon, gives the lie to de ing commitment to violence on the part of ceding past injustices, we can feel some en featist notions and offers ample reason for small, willful, emotionally unstable, dan couragement from the recent record. Less us to share Emerson's faith in the future. gerous and destructive minorities of alienated than fifteen years ago only one eligible black Through the exercise of the freedoms of groups and individuals. These extremists. American out of ten was registered to vote- speecb, press, assembly and worship, this who wield an infiuence far out of propor today the figure has gone over the fifty per country has experienced a dynamic interplay tion to their numbers, have totally re cent mark and is climbing rapidly. Fifteen of values and ideas throughout our history. nounced our traditional system Of rule by years a.go, only one in a hundred Southern The competition between con:fiicting values law and have launched a concerted, all-out school districts was desegregated-today we and ideas occasionally has been marked by effort to seize power by intimidation and have finally achieved Virtually complete de bitterness and even violence. Def!Plte our dif terror. segregation. Within the last decade the en ferences, however, we have survived and Law enforcement has been a principal tar rollment of black youth at our colleges and prospered. get of these extremists. The police are the universities b.as quadrupled and presently Many centuries ago a wise man recom most visible and the most available repre numbers approximately half a m1111on. Black mended! nin things essential, unity; in sentatives of the system of law and modera Amencans are increasingly ga.inlng positions things doubtful, liberty: in all things. char tion that they detest. And so we have seen of leadership and infiuence. Today, black men ity." This spirit has, I tnink, been that of a wa. ve of unprovoked assaults on policemen serve as mayors of three of our major cities, the United States throughout its history. in recent months~ an intensification Of a anoth'eY sits on the Supreme Court, and Thus, we weigh the scales on the side campaign that has been going on for years. another occupies a seat in tbe Senate. It Is of what is right in the country. Certainly it is Law enforcement represents our first line only a beginning in balancing the scales of apropos to raise these questions. Is there any of defense ag.a.inst the anarchy of the ter past discrimination, but it is at least a hope other country in a world of 143 nations which rorist. Local pollee have borne the brunt of ful and tangible start. exceeds the United States in personal free these attacks with 561 officers killed due to Contrary to the cUche-exaggerated picture dom; in opportunity !or individual expres criminal action from 1960 through 1969. In of military infiuence in our society which has sion and for self-improvement? These quali 1969, alone, ~7 out of every 100 pollee officers become fa.sbionable .1n certain circles, the rec ties of our life enhance the individual's free were assaulted. Other law enforcement per ord clearly shows that from our colonial dom under law in areas of thought, action. sonnel have not been immune. For example, beginnings to the present we have success inquiry, dissent, worship, and experimenta there were 73 FBI agents assaulted while fully resisted military domination of our tion. performing their official duties during the national policies. Our elect ed representatives Now we must look at what is wrong, for 1969 fiscal year. This figure jumped substan in Congress retain clear-cut control of the clearly a great deal is not right in our so tially the following year when 90 Agents were purse strings of the milit ary establishment. ciety. The list of our problems 1s lengthy and assaulted. The Federal courts have reviewed the deci all too familiar: the overcrowding and de Who are these terrorists who use bomb sions and modified the practices of court terioration of our cites; the pollution of our ings, arson and murder as political weapons? maTtial proceedings in the Armed Forces. The environment; the growing spectre of drug They can be broadly catalogued into three Reserve Officers• Training Corps program, addiction and crime; the stubborn endurance segments: extrantsts of the far right, blaek which ironically bas been singled out as a of poverty and discrimination; the problems extremists and youthful anarchists of the so symbol of alleged excessive military influence, of human identity in a. mechanized society; called New Left. has a.etuaUy served precisely the opposite and a dozen other issues equally as urgent. WHITE EXTREMISTS purpose: to provide for the regular infusion Many of these problems are rooted in the of civilian infiuence into our Armed Forces White extremists opposing Negro right s and to preclude the development of an of neglect or failure of generations which pre and equality go back in our history to the ceded us. They have been passed along colonial period. Their continuing deluge of ficer caste. through the years, slowly gathering force, In the field of law enforcement, we can libelous propaganda and readiness to resort until they have burst upon our national con to force, intimidation, and lawlessness rep also find much that is right and which should sciousness in the last two decades. others serve as grounds for opt imism. To a greater resent a blemish on the Nation's record of student unrest (there were 530 public school numerous positive steps taken to correct degree than most professions, law enforce racial disorders this last academic year); the ment in recent years has witnessed a marked racial inequities. While the membership in breakdown in authority: permissiveness in improvement in quality, training and profes white hate groups that spread racial bitter society and the home--are uniquely our own ness and engage in violence has waned in sionalism of personnel on every level. Since by-products o! our age of whirlwind eco recent years, a hard-core of irrational die 1935 when the FBI initiat ed Its Nat ional nomic and technological change. The swift Academy to assist in the tralnlng o! local hards is still busy trying to prevent the ex ness of industrial development, the rapid shift tension of constitutional guarantees to Ne police officials, nearly 6,000 officers have been of our economy from an agricultural to an in graduat-ed of whom more than one-fourth groes and ls stnl practicing a virulent anti dustrial base and of our population !rom Semitism. are currently serving as executive heads of rural to urban areas have .inevitably created their respective departments. Once the neg Klan-t ype organizations, with a total enormous strains which have left large num membership of 4,300 in 18 separate groups, lected stepchild of government, law enforce bers of Americans stranded in the backwaters ment is now receiving an increasing share comprise the majority of organized white of both Federal and local funds to improve of our swelling prosperity. Millions of Amer extremists. In the South, constant pressure police training, attract better-qualified can icans, inadequately trained or poorly edu by law enforcement, including the FBI. has didates, and adopt the most effective and cated, still have incomes below that which detected plans or acts of violence, such as modern equipment in the cont inuing strug- we have aennea as the poverty level despite the killing of civil .rights workers. The November 30, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39205 courts have also convtcted Klan-'type m tion to Arab terrorist methods. In August, Omaha, Nebraska, police officer was literally dlvlduals for their violent actl.vlties. Regret 1970, for example, an article in the com blasted to death by an explosive device tably, however, there have been occasions mando newspaper "Fatah" reported a group placed in a suitcase in an abandoned resi when a court or a governor has caused the of Black Panthers from the United States dence. The officer had been summoned by an release of a convicted Klansman even was visiting Jordan to attend a meeting anonymous telephone complaint that a though he was directly involved in the kill along with representatives of Communist woman was being beaten there. An individual ing of civil rights workers. Nevertheless, China and North Korea. Moreover, there has with Panther associations has been charged legal action against the Klan has resulted been clandestine travel by black extremists, with this crime. in decreased membership in southern states. principally Black Panthers, to the Arab coun On September 16, 1970, the New Orleans In the North, Klan growth has been mini tries of the Middle East. Police Department attempted to investigate mal. BLACK EXTREMISM the savage beating of two police undercover Akin to the Klan groups and equally vitri agents by Black Pantht.rs. Police were met olic in its racist utterances is the small Na For decades there have been traces of black extremism on the fringes of the legitimate with gunfire from Panther headquarters and tional States Rights Party with headquarters only after returning fire and using tear gas in Savannah, Georgia. Its newspaper, "The civil rights movement. Today, however, there are major black mllitant elements which were the police able to enter. Fifteen Pan Thunderbolt," which spews hatred for blacks thers were arrested and charged with at and Jewish people, makes a grotesque joke represent an ominous threat to peaceful rela tions between various racial groups. More tempted murder. Many shotguns, rifles, and of the principles of justice and objectivity thousands of rounds of ammunition were to which your profession adheres. Grinding than that, these extremists pose a funda mental threat to the orderly processes of reco\ered by police. out similar racial bigotry is the National In Toledo, Ohio, on September :8, 1970, Socialist White Peoples Party, the former government in our Nation. Black extrem ists--along with the white supremacists a police officer was killed by a Panther American Nazi Pari;y. Patterning themselves member shooting at point-blank range after the jackbooted storm troopers of Nazi have received voluminous publicity for their hate-filled messages and their dangerous con through a police van window. While appre Germany, members of this group strut about hending the assailant, police were fired on in their uniforms replete with swastikas. tentions that the laws of the land must be disregarded in order to achieve their goals. by individuals in Panther headquarters. They regularly converge on the Nation's Armed with a search warrant, police later Capital from their Arlington, Virginia, Unfortunately, publicity concerning these embittered black extremists often obscures searched the Panther office and found three headquarters to proclaim their antiblack, rifles, three shotguns, expended cartridge anti-Semitic beliefs. the truly talented and responsible black spokesmen who see the reduction of inequal shells, much live ammunition, and some The highly publicized Minutemen, a sec explosive materials. Generally omitted in retive band formed to collect and store ity through legitimate acts within the frame work of the rule of law-not through some press accounts was the fact that a judge weapons for use in combating an antici was on the scene observing police and Pan pated communist take-over, has virtually dis sudden stroke of violence. integrated following the arrest and jailing Black extremists have accelerated their thers alike and issuing a search warrant for of its organizer and leader, Robert De terroristic tactics. One group was responsible police entry into Panther headquarters. Pugh. He is currently serving a sentence after for the August, 1970, bombings at the Por While compiling a lengthy record of vio conviction for a violation of the Federal tuguese and Rhodesian Embassies in Wash lence against authorities, the Panthers Firearms Act. ington, D.C. Another, the Black Liberation claim that they are being victimized by the The American press can take pride in its Front, conspired to destroy, at Tyler, Texas, police. Their attorney claimed, for instance, exposure of Klan and similar groups as pur a school building and buses with Molotov in December, 1969, that 28 Panthers had veyors of terror and violence who openly and cocktails. Fortunately, the FBI advised local been killed by police officers since 1966. This covertly flout the rule of law. Publicity of authorities of this conspiracy, enabling them false figure is still publicized by the Pan the abhorrent extremes used to foil Negro to seize 25 fire bombs and to bring charges thers despite the attorney's later reduction gains has undoubtedly contributed in large against eight of the conspirators. of the figure to 20. But even that figure is measure to the decline of white extremist The vanguard of black extremism today is false. Of the 20, 10 were killed in gun battles groups in recent years. In performing this the Black Panther Party with its demon with police. Of the other 10, four were killed valuable service of presenting the facts on strated proclivity for violence. The party by rival black extremists; two by unknown such lawless elements, the press has even was founded in 1966 ostensibly as a self individuals; one by a store owner in an at had to face--unarmed except with the tools defense group against police officers. It has, tempted holdup; one by his wife for con of its trade--the verbal and physical hos however, been constantly on the offensive in sorting with a female Panther; one as a t111ty which has often been directed against keeping with its battle cry of "off the pigs" result of barbiturate intoxication, and the members of my profession by white extrem Panther jargon for "kill the police." Accord tenth, Alex Rackley, allegedly by fellow ists. ing to Panther thinking, the police are the Panthers, one of whom has been convicted AmCRAFT HIJACKING first target in the program for "liberation" of on a murder conspiracy charge in Rackley's the black community and the violent de death. Fanaticism knows no national bound Panthers deny association with or re aries. The impact of it is felt by our citi struction of white America. zens both at home and abroad. Moreover, The Panther propensity for violence is sponsibility for criminal activities. But, in there often seems to be an attraction be well documented. On Apri121, 1967, four car 1969 alone, some 350 Panthers were arrested tween some brands of fanaticism. loads of Panthers, some armed with shot for serious crimes such as murder, armed A case in point is the Palestinian com guns, rifles, and sidearms, appeared at the robbery, rape, bank robbery, and burglary. In mandos who are currently in the news. County Administration Building, Martinez, addition, police have found in Panther cus In the past two and one-half years the California, to demand an audience with the tody hundreds of firearms, including machine Fedayeen-"Those who offer themselves for sheriff in connection with the shooting by guns, sawed-off shotguns, rifles, pistols and their native land"-have been responsible police of a young black caught in the act of grenades, as well as thousands of rounds of for attacks against aircraft and hijackings breaking into a liquor store. On May 2, 1967, ammunition. of airliners in more than a dozen cases. The some 25 Panthers carrying loaded rifles, shot Hate-type propaganda of the Panthers has most notorious, of course, was the series of guns, and pistols invaded the california included Panther Christmas and greeting hijackings on Sunday, September 6, when State Assembly to protest the introduction cards depicting scenes of Negro youths ask hundreds of innocent passengers were flown of a blll outlawing the carrying of loaded ing for guns and explosives for Christmas to Jordan and Egypt, and subjected to in weapons in public. and conducting violent attacks on police. humanities, indignities, inconveniences and In August, 1967, Panther Minister of De "The Black Panther," the weekly newspaper constant threats of death. fense Huey Newton in a press interview by with almost 150,000 circulation at present, These Middle East terrorists are brazen in "Ramparts" magazine reprinted in the "New has carried diagrams and discussions of in their planning and bold in the execution of York Times," was asked if he would kill cendiary and explosive devices and has their deeds. Within a month prior to their an officer of the law. IDs answer was an un recommended the use of high-powered weap September 6 hijackings, they announced qualified yes. His intention was underscored ons against police. In the August 21, 1970, is plans to hijack a Swissair plane carrying two months later when he was involved in sue of "The Black Panther," a warning was United States citizens. The declared pur the first Panther killing of a police officer issued to police to walk at night in "threes pose of these terrorists was to hold the citi and the wounding of another. Newton's con and fours because twos won•t work anymore." zens hostage in order to compel the United viction in the Oakland officer's death was The article said the Panthers were ready States Government to bring pressure on the later overturned and he is presently free on for the police "with everything from lye to Swiss Government to release criminals being bond pending pretrial hearing in connection lead." held in Switzerland for an earlier attack on with a possible new trial. Eight other police The overwhelming hatred of this Nation Israeli planes. officers have been killed in Panther violence, expressed openly by the Panthers is evident Hijacking is now, indeed, an international making a total since 1966 of nine officers in their attempts to secure sympathy and problem. Since January 1, 1968, a total of killed and 48 wounded at the hands of support from abroad. Panthers castigate the 80 American aircraft have been hijacked with Panthers. United States as an imperialist giant trying 59 diverted to Cuba. The successes of such In 1969 one police officer was killed by t.. to oppress freedom-seeking people around fanatics attract and impress other fanatics. Panther firing a shotgun at point-blank the world. Panthers idolize "Che" Guevara, Even now we are seeing among black extrem range as the officer lay wounded and help Fidel Castro, Ho Chi Minh, and Kim 11 Sung ists in our own country signs of an attrac- less on the ground. On August 12, 1970, an (of North Korea) as revolutionary heroes. 39206 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 30, 1970 Mao Tse-tung's "Red Book•' of revolution should reveal the criminal -character of this statement the Panther defense attorney ac ary tactics .and goals has been revered tor group. knowledged at a news conference after his providing an "ideological framework" ~or In May, 1969, Rackley, an apparently dedi client's conviction that "anybody in a mi the Panther Party. Lately, an International cated Panther from N.ew York City, stood be nority group can get a fair trial in this state:'' Section has been opened by fugitive Minister fore a Panther "kangaroo" court in New Ha The call of the mack Panthers for positive of Iruormation Eldridge Cleaver in Algeria ven accused of being a po1lce truormant. action in the form of force and violence which has formally accorded the Panthers Scalded with boiling water and beaten al against white society, especially the police, status as a "liberation movement." Cleaver most beyond recognition, he was Judged to appears to have stimulated elements beyond and various traveling Panther functionaries be guilty. His body was found by police the Panther membership. In June, 1970, the have recently visited Asian capitals, includ shortly thereafter in a swamp. FBI furnished iruormation to the Detroit Po ing Hanoi. Moreover, Minister of Defense Mter arrests of individual Panthers by lice Department which enabled them to Huey Newton., in the "spirit of international local authorities, the gruesome details of the thwart the plans of a group associated with solidarity;• has offered the Viet Cong an torture-killing eventually brought a strange the Black Panthers, the Black Liberation "undetermined number of troops to assist" reaction 1'rom some quarters of the acacemic Army Strike Teams (BLAST) , to ambush po in the fight .against "American imperialism." community. Referring to the defendants in lice. The "officer on the beat" has borne the Panther anti-Semitism has led to embrac this case, a prestigious educator in April brunt of the black extremists' attacks on our ing the Arab terrorist movement in a bitter 1970, asserted publicly that he was skepti society. Since January l, 1970, there have propaganda campaign which charges that cal of the chance for black revolutionaries been 190 reported instances of racially moti Israel is a tool of the "imperialist" United to receive fair trials anywhere in the United vated attacks against policemen, including 17 States. The depth of the alliance between States. While he soon moderated his stand ambushes. As a result, 21 police officers have the Panthers and the Arab terrorists is de by saying that no disparagement of the en been killed and 159 others have been injured. scribed in a scholarly July, 1970, study of tire legal system was intended, the modifica Pollee have arrested 351 blacks in connection the Anti-Defamation League of B'nai B'rlth tion went virtually unnoticed in the wake of with the attacks, which include 104 assaults, entitled "The mack Panthers." The fugi the publicity given to his first statement. 54 snipings, at least 7 bombings, and 4 inci tive Panther official Cleaver is described as Prior to the New Ha-ven trial, Panther dents of arson. embracing and kissing Al Fata.h leader Yas demonstrations against the courts were a di During August, alone, there were 23 at ser Arafat in Algiers in late 1969. Cleaver, rect cllallenge to the TUJ.e of law. Threats were tacks by black extremists against police. according to the official Algerian newspaper made that violence would break out in the These caused the deaths of 5 officers and in "El Mouja.hid,'' has also stated that "Zion streets 1n connection with the trial. The city juries to 56 others. The terrorist tactics ists, wherever they may be, are our enemies." became tense and uneasy. With good reason, against police lead to the inescapable con In the 57 issues of "The Black Panther" too, !or the Panthers were well-armed for a clusion that the inspiration, motivation and published between June 1, 1969, and July 11, showdown with police, looking apparently 1'or techniques employed come not so much from 1970, no less than 50 articles or references a bloody confrontation to draw attention to the inflammatory rhetoric of the mack Pan of an anti-Zionist or pro-Arab terrorist na the trta.l. This tension was compounded by a ther Party as they do from its deliberate ture were published. Twenty-seven of these vote at Yale University to close the university planning for such violent acts. articles appeared in the fust 21 issues of for a massive rally in sympathy with the In California a group of black extremists 1970. ,...,he articles appeared under such bold Panther defendants. were responsible for the August 15, 1970, headlines as "Zionism (Kosher National Fortunately, in an effort to ward off vio murder of a state judge sitting in Marin ism) +Imperiallsm=Fascism," and are fre lence, authorities arranged for sufficient law County. Three of the blacks involved were quently illustrated by cartoons depicting eruoreement personnel. National Guard units, killed at the time. They were eulogized by the "Zionism" as a pig, a characterization usu and Federal troops to be ready for 1m Black Panthers as "courageous revolution ally reserved for policemen. mediate use in NewBaven during the massive aries." Angela Davis, former University of Speaking in the May 19, 1970, issue of Panther rally on tlle first weekend of May, California instructor who had earlier been. "The Black Panther,'' a New York City 1970. The result was tbat Panther leaders, to given sympathetic treatment in some seg Panther said: whom the array of force was readily apparent, ments of the press, allegedly purchased the ''We are anti-Zionist expansion in the departed New Haven earlier than planned. guns that were used in the killing of the world and Zionist exploitation here in The show of force definitely kept the disrup. judge. She has been a publicly avowed com Babylon (United States), manifested in the tion to a minimum of sporadic inddents. Yet, munist for some years and is now being robber barons that exploit us in the gar some members of the press gave credit where sought under the Federal Fugitive Act follow ment industry and the bandit merchants and it did not belong. ing indictment !or murder in California. greedy slumlords that operate in our com Obviously disappointed in the effective pre Currently, the Black Panther Party is plan munities." parations to control outbursts of Violence at ning a November, 1970, national convention The recent justification by Arab guerrillas the rally, the Panthers soon were to welcome in the Washington, D.C., area. Called the of their hijacking and destruction of jet air Yale's hosting of a Panther-sponsored Black Revolutionary People's Constitutional Con liners as "revolutionary acts" is directly akin Student Revolutionary Conference, May vention, it Is to be a gatherlng of "oppressed to the Panther rationale that its criminal 16-19, 1970. This was no ordinary talkfest. Ex people,'' white and black, for the purpose of acts are political acts immune from retri cluding whites and white press coverage of rewriting the United States Constitution. bution. the proceedings, the Panthers set up work Last month, in Atlanta, Georgia, the Con shops on urban guerrilla warfare, including gress of Mrican Peoples held a coruerence In concluding its recent study of the Black attended by 2,500 black power representa Panther Party, the Anti-Defamation League such subjects as means of sabotaging public utilities as well as the construction and use tives from 35 states and 21 nations. Domi observed: nated by extremists, the Congress established "In their all-out support for A1 Fatah, the of explosive and incendiary devices. The con ference discussed techniques of attacks on its objective as the creation of programs to Panthers have attacked Israel with the destroy any progress toward integration. The rhetoric of Arab and anti-Semite alike • • •.. police. Many of the techniques discussed have been used in unprovoked racially motivated Congress called for the establishment of a Despite open espousal of Marxist-Leninist World African Party which would emphasize revolutionary acts and goals, despite unpro assaults on and murders of law enforcement officials. disruptive tactics against white institutions, voked physical attacks on authorities, de including the police and the military, and spite stockpiling of weapons and explosives, The trial of the first Panther defendant be gan in July, 1970. Efforts of the Black Panther stressed training in skills for engaging police and despite the criminal records of Panther in shoot-outs. leaders and members, Panther cries of re Party to create an emotionally charged at mosphere were to be expected. The potential The extremism of both whites and blacks pression at the hands of a Government "con requires objective reporting in the press. spiracy" receive the sympathy and support for violence, however, in this -volatile situa tion was increased by the interaction of sev Factual presentation of such activities helps not only of adherents to totalitarian ideol to reveal the dangerous nature of those who ogies, but also of those willlng to close their eral 1'actors. These included the attacks on our court system, the massive rally, the revo take the law lnto their own hands. There eyes even to the violent nature of hoodlum have been, however, complaints that press "revolutionary acts." lutionary conference and diverse forms of sympathy and support from numerous sour exposure of the evll of white extremists has Many individuals--commentators, educa been exaggerated and overdone, while on the tors, lawyers, clergymen, and socially promi ces. Much o~ that sympathy and support other hand black extremist activities have nent figures-,have either failed or refused might have been withheld 1! those who ex tended it had examined With objectivity the been condoned in many sections of the press. to recognize the primarily lawless nature of true character of the Black Panther Party. Some readers and commentators have ques the Black Panther Party. This is ~ortunate During the trial ending in the conviction of tioned why some elements of the press be· for two reasons: First, emotions have been lleve it wrong for pollee to investigate and permitted to prevail over facts. Second, the the ftrst defendant, courthouse rallies in sup arrest Black Panthers for violating our laws expressions of sympathy and support for the port of the Panthers were an almost daily oc when the record shows that the Panthers Black Panthers contribute to an atmosphere currence. They were calculated to affect the preach violent destruction of the Nation; of contempt for our Nation's foundation of outcome of the trial, an activity repugnant to have leaders and members with serious Crim rule under law rather than to positive steps the idea of fair and impartial trial. Never inal records; threaten to kill those interfer to improve the quality of our national life. theless, the rule of law prevailed through the ing with them, including President Nixon, Certainly, the torture-death of Alex Rackley, alertness of law eruorcement and disruptions former Supreme Court Justice Arthur Gold allegedly at the hands of the Black Panthers, were kept to a minimum. And in a turnabout berg, California Judge Monroe Freidman, U.S. November 30, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39207 District Court Judge Julius Hoffman, Sena course, was the bombing of the Army Mathe Too often, little attention is given to the tor John McClellan and Dr. Henry Kissinger; matics Research Center at the University of grief-stricken families of innocent people and have killed nine police om.cers since 1966. Wisconsin on August 24, 1970. Five minutes killed or injured by the acts of arrogant Vigorous action by law enforcement against after an anonymous call that a bomb was in extremists. Other victims of this strategy of Klan-type individuals and other white ex the center, a deadly blast ripped the six-story terror are the parents and relatives of the t remists has generally been applauded in building, killing a research worker and in terrorists themselves. Some must resign the press, but some press elements seem to juring four others in the building. Property themselves to being apologists for these revo contend that arrests are ma.k.ing martyrs of damage was estimated at $3 million. The FBI lutionary wrecking crews of society. These the Panthers and police should bend over has identified four suspects who have been wide-ranging facets of the results of such backward in dealing with them. The ques indicted for sabotage and destruction of violence require more coverage in our press. tion can logically be asked: does such criti Government property. So do the explicit utterances of the revolu cism mean Panthers should not be arrested Terrorist acts violate academic freedom tionary leaders. Weatherman leader Bernar despite their criminal acts? and interfere with scholarly work. These in dine Dohrn, for example, spoke last winter Of course, there are sociological fact ors in sane acts of violence as well as instances of at a Weatherman conference. She in effect volved, but a crime must not be ignored be st udent anarchy, interfere with the right of condoned the Sharon Tate murders in Cali cause of a man's urban, innercit y back professional, qualified persons to inquire, fornia with the revolting statement "Dig it, ground any more than it can be ignored be discover, publish, and teach within the field first they killed those pigs, they had dinner cause of a man's rural, white supremacist of their competence. in the same room and then shoved a fork background. Referring to the riots in our In addition to disruption and violence on into a vict im's stomach-wild!" cities, former Ambassador George F. Kennan the campus, some extremist elements of the Several anarchistic groups reportedly have declared in June, 1968, ". . . if there has New Left have left the campus to confront plans to kidnap Government ofiicials. This been any excess here, it has been an excess the establishment elsewhere. kind of terrorism is especially ominous since of tolerance towards such things as arson, The Weatherman faction, arising from a many foreign heads of state will be attend looting, sniping and the malicious harass split of SDS at its 1969 national convention, ing the 25th anniversary of the United Na ment of police and firemen endeavoring to called for terrorist tactics during a "National tions in New York this month. Moreover, the perform their duty." Action Week" in Chicago during October, widespread campaigning of Government of The crimi.nal acts of all extremists re 1969. Over 270 Weatherman members and fol ficials in the United States this fall increases gardless of race, color, or creed, require the lowers were arrested in Chicago as they their vulnerability to be seized as host ages attention of law enforcement. When crimi gained experience in revolutionary tactics. by extreme groups. nal activity goes unchallenged, the very Noting the numbers arrested a.t the Chicago INTERNATIONAL '!'IE.So foundation of our rule under law crumbles. action, Weatherman leaders in December, 1969, outlined a different strategy. They The New Left movement is not strict ly an EXTREMIST MINORITY OF NEW LEFT planned a small, tough paramilitary organi American phenomenon. It existS' in other The more militant elements of the New zation designed to carry out urban guerrilla countries and there are international ties. Left, such as the Students for a Democratic warfare which would bring about a revolu Many New Left leaders have traveled and Society, have, during the last year or so, been tion agains-t the Government. In early 1970, conferred with their counterparts abroad. associated with the tactics of mass destruc Weatherman leaders called for their members SDS leaders such as Mark Rudd, Bernardine tion, terror, and guerrilla warfare directed to go underground and form commando-type Dobrn, and Thomas Hayden, for example, against this Nation. Since 1962, SDS has have visited Canada, Cuba, France, and Nort h units. Weatherman members were to engage Vietnam. moved rapidly from a stance of protest in strategic sabotage directed against mili through one of active resistance to its cur tary and police installations using bombs, Another foreign thrus-t of the New Left rent position which urges acts of outright assassinations, and some direct confronta movement is the Venceremos Brigade which rebellion to overthrow the Government. The tions with police. was organized in June, 1969, in this coun extremist elements of the New Left, with Evidence o! the new strategy was soon try to support Castro's Cuba by assisting their campus orientation, pose a grave chal apparent. On March 6, 1970, three Weather in the 1970 sugar cane harvest. Openly de lenge to the stability and continuity of free fying a State Department ban on travel to dom of speech and to progress under law. man associates were killed in a dynamite Cuba, the Brigade has sent three contingents The university is viewed by the student explosion in New York City of a townhouse to CUba in 1969 and 1970. Two of the most rebel as a tool of the establishment. It ac "bomb factory." On March 30, 1970, sticks active recruiters for the Brigade were Weath cepts payment for engaging in war-making of dynamite and other explosives were found ermen Ted Gold and Diana Oughton who research projects, produces brainwashed stu in a Chicago apartment rented to Weather were killed in the explosion on March 6, dents to keep the system going and thwarts man activists. The dynamite, incidentally, 1970, of a Weatherman "bomb factory" in students initiative through its security was similar to that found unexploded on New York City. Curiously, some colleges and forces. It is viewed as a symbolic institution March 6, 1970, in two Detroit police installa universities have offered academic credit to of American injustice. tions. students participating in Brigade trips to Thus-, the college campus has become a In May, 1970, Bernardine Dohrn, top fe Cuba. major target of extremist New Left attaclts. male Weatherman. issued a Weatherman "Declaration of War" which called for revolu New Left international ties also are evi The aim is to radicalize students and to use dent in the antiwar movement in our Na them to destroy the university's role within tionaries and youths to join in the "Weather tion. After failing to attract large numbers the establishment. At the same time, there man revolution." She threatened that within of protesters to the demonstrations at the is an aim to make the campus a base for po the next 14. days, "We will attack a symbolic January, 1969, Presidential Inaugurat ion, litical action directed against the social institution of American injustice." The New leadership of the primary antiwar group structure and ultimately against the Gov York City Police Department became the made plans for a summer con!erence to re ernment itself. A small nucleus of professors apparent target when a bomb exploded there vitalize the movement on a broader basis. occupy a very important role in this strategy. on June 9, 1970, 15 minutes after a Weather During May. 1969, New Left representatives To date, this role has not been adequately man anonymous call to the headquarters. attended a meeting of the Stockholm Con treated by the press. The concept o! an elite Damage from the explosion was $150,000, and ference on Vietnam where representatives of group above the law is alien to American eight persons were injured. North Vietnam and the National Liberation society and it is the responsibility of the On July 27, 1970, a pipe bomb exploded Front o! South Vietnam strongly supported press to inform the citizen by exposing those at the Bank of America om.ce. in New York the United States antiwar movement. The who identify with this elitist concept. City. A New York City newspaper received communist delegates emphasized the need Statistical evidence for the academic year a call five minutes after the blast stating, for creating widespread public opinion to de 1969-1970 shows a sharp increase in the "This is a Weatherman ... We have just mand United States withdrawal from Viet number of demonstrations on college cam bombed the Bank of America . . . Tell John nam in order for the Viet Cong and Nort h puses and corresponding violence. There Mitchell (Attorney General) that no matter Vietnamese to achieve victory in South Viet were some 1,800 demonstrations on American what he does, we cannot be stopped ... nam. campuses in that academic year. As a result On September 16, 1970, a Los Angeles news In June, 1969, a call went out for a Na of these demonstrations. many of which in paper received a letter purportedly from tional Antiwar Conference for t he follow volved violence, 7,500 arrests were made and Bernardine Dohrn. That letter enclosed a ing month in Cleveland, Ohio. The con!er 462 injuries reported. Of this latter number, letter from Timothy Leary who escaped four ence, including Students !or a Democratic some two-thirds were police om.cers and col days earlier from a California prison where Society, the Black Panther Party, the Com lege administrators trying to control the he was incarcerated on a local possession of marijuana charge. The Dohrn letter stated munist Party, USA, and other Marxist groups, demonstrations. Tragically, eight deaths re created the New Mobilization Committee to sulted !rom this campus violence. Sit-ins that Weatherman "commits itself to the totalled 313 and there were 14 instances of task of freeing these prisoners of war." Leary End the War in Vietnam (New Mobe). It bombings and 247 arson incidents. ROTC fa expressed gratitude for the Weatherman called for a massive November 15 march on cilities suffered 282 attacks on campus. Dam underground aiding his escape and warned Washington, D.C., to protest American in ages approached $10 million in campus dis that he is armed and should be considered volvement in Vietnam. One speaker, Irving orders. dangerous. Sarnoff of Los Angeles, :reported his recent Since the end of the 1969- 1970 academic This strategy of terror through urban guer discussions in Paris with a North Viet year, additional campus disruption has oc rilla warfare and violence on campuses has namese delegation which praised plans for curred. The most tragic and repulsive, of brought needless death and injury to many. the Cleveland antiwar conference. 39208 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 30, 1970 The ties between the domestic antiwar ously harmed academic freedom. Responsi able courage. It is also a time for us to movement and its foreign principals were bility for the intensity of campus disorders expand our capacity for moral and spiritual revealed again prior to the November 15 must also be borne by those college admin growth and to deepen our commitment to demonstrations. New Mobe leaders attended istrators who have appeased the disruptors and understanding of the democratic prin another international meeting of the Stock in the name of academic freedom and in sur ciples on which this Nation was founded. holm Conference on Vietnam. Viet Cong rendering their professional standards have Alexander Pope could have been speaking and North Vietnamese representatives were only extenuated the student attacks. just as well of the contradictions of the present. Plans were made for a later interna Members of the Boards of Trustees of col human condition of our time as his own tional conference so that the November 15 leges and universities are also not free from when he wrote in his "Essay on Man": demonstrations would not be seen as an end blame. How many know what is going on in to the "peace" offensive that was to benefit their colleges? How many are aware of the "Born but to die, and reas'ning but to err; the communist cause in Vietnam. weaknesses of their educational administra Alike in ignorance, his reason such, The broad effect of action by the extrem tors? How many have been appeasers to Whether he thinks too little or too much; ist minority of the New Left has been meas revolutionary professors and students, oblivi Chaos of thought and passion, all confused; ured in the September 9, 1970, issue of the ous to the fact that you can no more appease Still by himself abused and disabused; "Liberation News Service." Following de them than Chamberlain appeased Hitler? Created half to rise, and half to fall; struction of Selective Service files in Balti Joseph F. Ford, member of the Board of Great lords of all things, yet a prey to all; more and Catonsville, Maryland, in 1967 and Trustees of Brandeis University, has ex Sole judge of truth, in endless error hurled; 1968, about 500,000 draft files have been pressed some thoughts on this subject which The glory, jest and riddle of the world." destroyed by antidraft extremist groups of all members of Boards of Trustees could con The churning contradictions of good and the New Left such as the Milwaukee 14, the sider with benefit. Mr. Ford has in discussion evil in contemporary America challenge us as Chicago 15, the Beaver 55, the New York 8, emphasized that freedom of thought, expres never before to raise the quality of life and the Boston 8, and the East Coast Conspiracy sion and action plus fearless pursuit of truth achieve new goals of freedom and oppor to Save Lives. According to the above issue, must be guaranteed to all members of an tunity. the Beaver 55 raided Dow Chemical Company academic community. Mr. Ford adds that this If men were angels this world would be headquarters where they erased computer can be done only in a context of rationalism, different. Their ideals would be achieved. But tapes storing all of the data from Dow's order and good wlll. He concludes that it is men are not angels and, therefore, as Louis biological and chemical warfare research the responsibility of the members of Boards MacNiece wrote: of Trustees to contribute to this end. programs. ". . . to the good who know how wide the Another small militant group, the White The mass media, of course, has a funda mental responsibility for pursuing truth. It gulf, how deep Panther Party, which supports the Black Between Ideal and Real, who being good Panther Party, has called for revolutionary also has the responsibility to report in a ra tional and balanced manner. Unfortunately, have felt violence, including bombings and sabotage. The final temptation to withdraw, sit down certain segments of the media~ither wit The White Panthers have also suggested the and weep, possibility of kidnaping high Government tingly or unwittingly-have given impetus to officials and United States ambassadors, de student extremists through slanted coverage "We pray the power to take upon themselves manding freedom for White Panthers now of their activities, or through excessive con the guilt in prison in exchange for release of the of cern for the sensational in their reporting. Of human action, though still as ready to ficials. Media must inspire its audience to arrive at confess Idealism Corrupted reasoned conclusions based on facts impar The imperfection of what can and tr•.lSt be tially presented. A free yet responsible media built, The world-renowned psychiatrist Dr. is absolutely essential in providing a self The wish and power to act, forgive, and Bruno Bettelheim, in writing about youth governing nation with an enlightened citi bless." ful revolutionaries in the September, 1969, zenry. issue of "Encounter" states: The excesses of left extremism, dangerous This is a very good time for all of us if "I have worked professionally with some as they are in their own right, pose a far we but know what to do with it. And, 'we militant leaders for years, and I know that greater danger for the country in the reaction will know what to do with it only if we student revolt permits the social isolate to they can cause among the moderate majority; recognize honestly and in depth both our believe temporarily that he is 'part of a com If the irrationalism, violence, destruction and human capabilities and human limitations munity,' and offers an opportunity for the lawlessness of the extremists of the left are and within this context pursue "the art of paranoid persons to act out his paranoia as allowed to continue, the people of this Na the possible." could happen in no other niche of so tion, out of fear, anger and growing concern Apropos of this, we can with profit reflect ciety ••• for themselves and their families, could veer upon two related thoughts expressed by Mr. "Unfortunately, most non-professionals do away from the "vital center" and danger John Edgar Hoover, Director of the Federal not know how persuasive paranoiacs can be ously far in the direction of the extreme Bureau Of Investigation: in their unconscious appeal to the vague and right. "Long before we became a Nation there :fleeting paranoia of the immature and dis NO SIMPLE ANSWER were those who qeustioned man's capacity to gruntled. Paranoiacs are always persuasive in govern himself. The philosopher, Rousseau, If there is anything to be gleaned from who died in 177&, expressed his doubt in these their appeal to any group of the population this Nation's crisis of conscience of faith and who rightly or wrongly feel persecuted." words: 'If there were a people consisting of of confrontation with extremism, it is that gods, they would be governed democratically; These comments regarding psychiatric dis man, despite his immense abilities to harness orders bring to mind the observation of so perfect a government is not suitable to his physical world, has still to learn how to men.' We are not gods, but while we have George Orwell that "revolutionary creeds are harness itself. His genius for evil, for selfish rationalizations of neurotic impulses." faith in God and continue to make it our ness, arrogance and cruelty, continues to concern when our neighbor's wall is on fire, It is absolutely· essential to recognize and match his genius of spirit which has enabled publicize the fact that each incident of vio we shall confound the cynics and this Re him to put his footsteps on the moon and public will survive." lence committed by the most radical minor on the threshold of the forces of life itself. ity of the New Left--including the Weather "I am convinced that the heart and spirit He is more aware of his capabilities than his of this Nation are sound and good. I believe man--constitutes an increasing corruption limitations. What is possible within these of a youthful, student idealism which in the one day the verdict of history will reveal capabilities and limitations? that, in the main, today's Americans rose past held great promise. The perversion of There are no simple answers to America's that idealism by acts of terror is a tragic magnificently to meet a series of most problems of the 1970's. No permanent solu formidable challenges." waste of our youthful resources. tions will be found through legislation or In examining distruption by the New Left, law enforcement alone. Neither will shib it is easy to place the total responsibility on boleths of the past provide us with a pan the extremist leaders and those young peo acea. We must question old concepts and ple who man the barricades with them. But test them in the light of new realities. In MANY HAVE MUCH AT STAKE IN this responsibility must be shared by others fact, it has been well said that the recurrent IMPORT BILL in our society who by their actions have shock of our age is the discovery that con been instrumental in encouraging this dis cepts and patterns of action of a more se ruption. A small number of alienated and cure past no longer fit the present reality HON. NICK GALIFIANAKIS irresponsible faculty members have played that change, challenge and confiict have OF NORTH CAROLINA important roles--openly and behind the created. scenes-in many of the worst campus dis Americans today could agree with the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES orders. These individuals, in their arrogance, t hought expressed by Emerson-this is a Monilay, November 30, 1970 count for nothing the rights of the students very good time. But it is a time which calls who want to attend class peaceably and to for us to remain rational in an atmosphere Mr. GALIFIANAKIS. Mr. Speaker, I learn in an atmosphere conducive to study. of social ftux and hostility and which com would like to share with my colleagues Such faculty members seek only to politicize pels us to search for solutions to our urgent an editorial which appeared in my home the campuses in support of their own elitist problems with reason rather than emotion. town newspaper, the Durham Sun, last concepts and, in so doing, they have griev- This is a t ime for cool heads and unshake- Friday. November 30, 1970 EXTENSIONS~ OF REMARKS 39209 The content of this editorial stresses value of current assets of all corporations the sick and wounded, permit inspection of the vital importance of the passage of in the United States and one-half of the the prisons, and allow these men to corre the Trade Act of 1~70 to the people and market value of all corporation stocks on spond with their courageous and long-suf the economy of North Carolina. I com the New York Stock Exchange. It repre fering families. mend the Durham Sun for so accurately sents about $50,000 in investment for POW WIVES LEAVE SADNESS AND A. WINCE IN reflecting the thinking of the people of each farm employee-double that of THE HEART my congTessional district and of our each manufacturing employee. The day began at 7 a.m., when the Stat e State. _Three out of every 10 jobs in private airplane took off from Byrd Field on a swing The editorial follows: employment are related to agriculture. around Vi:rginia to pick up wives of Ameri MANY HAVE MUCH AT STAKE IN I M PORT Bn.L Eight million people have jobs storing, cans missing or held captive in Vietnam. Anyone who doubts that the textile indus processing, and merchandising the prod The plane touched down at Lynchburg, Dan try in this eountry needs some protection ucts of agriculture. ville, Norfolk, and Langley Air Force Base. against foreign imports, particularly from Six million people have jobs providing When it landed nearly four hours later at Japan, should take a look at the latest sta Washington's National Airport, six POW the supplies farmers use. wives were aboard. They were met in Wash t istics of the U.S. Department of Labor. No other industry in the United States In the last six months R.lone. at least 41 ington by three others who had come t o does so much for the country and r~ American textile plants have shut down and Washington by car. hundreds more have gone on reduced sched ceives so little in return. The group's purpose was to deliver a pet ition to Virginia's congressional delega ules ~ which means smaller paychecks to their employes. Most of this has been caused by tifm. The petition was sponsored by the Rich inability to meet the competition of lower mond chapter of the American Fighter Pilots_ priced imports, produced by people working POW'S IN SOUTHEAST ASIA HAVE Association. The 40Q-foot-long petition con for a low wage scale. HAD LITTLE TO BE THANKFUL tained th.e signatmes of more than 10,000 .Around 17,000 workers in the Carolinas, FOR ON THEIR THANKSGnnNG persons who visited the . Virginia Air Na 10,000 of them in North Carolina, have been DAY tional Guard exhibit at this year's State Fair. caught in the squeeze since September 1969', I asked the Virginia delegation "to take and have been laid off their jobs. For the immediate and positive action to the end nation as a whole. textile employment in the that the government of North Vietnam and past year dropped :!rom 991,000 to 945,000, HON~ DAVID E. SATTERFIELD IU its. allies provide a. complete list oi those held and th, unemp~ oym.ent ranks being swelled by OF VIBGINIA prisoner, repatriate the sick wound ed', permit th.e inspection of camps, and allow 10,000 this past October alone. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES But even. more people have a st ake in the these men to correspo:nd with their cour future of the import quota bill now before Monday, Nooember 30, 1910 ageous fanlllies." The wives presented the petition to the Congress. Without some kind of assurance Mr. SATTERFIELD. Mr. Speaker, as of trade protection, the industry in the delegation on the steps of the Capitol. Every body United States is unwilling to spend large this meets today following a member of Virginia's congressional delega sums of money on expansion and needed Thanksgiving recess~ which most of us tion was there--10 congressmen and two modernization of their plant s. If it is not shared with .tamily and .friends, I call to Senators. Fourth District congressman Wat provided, it is likely, as often has been pre the attention of my colleagues the kins Abbitt, dean of the delegation, said it dicted, to go outside Of the U.S. and build Thanksgiving of our American POW's in was the first time in his memory-and he has se:rved in the House since 1S~that the new plants where labor and other costs will Southeast Asia. Certainly they had very be eheaper. entire delegation turned out to receive visit little to be thankful for on their ing of _Then it wo_uld be in a posit~on to co~pete group. After the presentation the w1th unrestricted fo:reign imports. Industry Thanksgiving day. petition. the wives were guests at a lunch leaders say that is the only way it could. It is my sincere hope that another day hosted by Dave Satterfield and attended by of Thanksgiving in these United States eight members of the congressional delega will not pass without all Americans hav tion. At the conclusion of the lunch, each ing the opportunity to say, "We are wife told a little abo-ut her husband and her particular predicament. UNDERSTANDING WHAT IS GOING thankful that our POW's have been The POW wives are: ON IN RURAL AMERICA returned." Phyllis Galanti of Richmond, wife of Lieu It was my privilege and the privilege tenant Commander Paul Galanti, shot- down of our entire Virginia delegation in Con over North Vietnam June 17, 1966; married HON. JOHN M. ZWACH gress to meet with a courageous group seven years, no children; hasn't seen her OF liLINNESOTA of wives of Virginia prisoners of war last husband for iive years~ has received n ine IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES week. They delivered to us a petition letters from hiln. gathered by the Richmond Chapter of Evelyn Grubb of Colonial Heights, wife of Monday, November 30, 1970 Major Wilmer Grubb, shot. down over North the American Fighter Pilots Association Vietnam J"anuary 2.6, 1966; mother of !our Mr. ZWACH. Mr. Speaker, too many with th,e assistance of the Vrrginia Air sons, the youngest of whom never has seen people. including, I am sorry to say, far National Guard at the annual State Fair his daddy~ -never heard from ller husband; too many Members of Congress, seem to of Virginia. The petition. signed by over two weeks ago Communist sources infOl"med ~acl~ an understanding of what is going 10,000 Virginians, is directed to the Con the Air Force that her husband has died in on m rural America, what are the con gress of the United States. a North Vietnamese cell. ditions under which our food producers Mazy Crow of Hampton, wife of Colonel On behalf of the Virginia delegation, Frederick A. Crow, Jr., shot down over Nort h work in order to give the American con those who signed the petition and especi SWDer the greatest food bargain in the Vietnam March 26, 1961:; mother of :four ally the views of captured and missing children; received her first letter from her world. servicemen, I invite the attention of my husband 10 days ago. -I have gathered some interesting facts colleagues to the text of this petition and Jea n Ellison of Lynchburg, wife of Com from "1961 to 1970, The Farmers' Worst to a Richmond News Leader editorial mander John C. Ellison, shot down over Nort h Nine Years" which I wouid like to pass dealing with its presentation which Vietnam March 24, 1967; mother of four along by their insertion in the CoNGRES follow: children, the youngest of whom was two SIONAL RECORD. mont hs old when his daddy left for duty in The _author, Frank LeRoux, charges PETITION TO THE CoNGRESS OF THE UNITED Vietnam; has reliable evidence her husband that the United States' greatest industry, STATES was taken prisoner; several days ago Com We, the undersigne~. are greatly concerned munist sources Informed her that the North agriculture, is being economically de about the condition of American prisoners of Vietnamese never have heard of her stroyed in an effort to please the con war being held captive In 'southeast Asia. husband. sumer. There appears to be more than ample evi Billie Hartney of Hampton, wife of Lieu Here are some of his salient asser dence that the government of North Vietnam tenant Colonel James Hartney,_ shot down tions: . and its allies are not conforming to the terms over North Vietnam January 5, 1968; never Tbree million producing farms employ of the Geneva Convention. We are disturbed heard a word from him. 4,600,000 workers. This is more than the that our nation has been ineffective in its Valerie Kushner of Danville, wife of Major combined employnient in transportation, efforts to bring &bout the humane t reat:ment F. ff. Kushner, a surgeon who was the sole oi these men. We, therefore, respectfully pe smvivor of an a;Ir eras~ in South Vietnam public utilities. the steel indqstry, and titipn you to take immediat_e and positive three years ago, now a prisoner of the Viet the industry. automobile action to the end that the government of Cong; mother of two childEen, the youngest Total gross agricultural assets are North Vietnaxn ~d . fts allies provide a com: of whom never has seen his daddy; never t-307,000.000,000. Tbis is two-thirds Qf the plete list of those held prisoner, repatriate bea rd a wo~d. 39210 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 30, 1970 June Nelson of Virginia Beach, wife of against the pollution by solid household conflicting statements by the Coast Guard Lieutenant Richard C. Nelson, shot down over wastes, such as are generated in the and the State Department, and raised ques North Vietnam March 6, 1968; no children; thousands of tons daily, it is to be hoped tions over a possible United States violation married two days before her husband left of the Geneva Convention protocol on politi for Vietnam, four months before he was that the heightened awareness of the cal asylum. shot down; never heard. trash disposal problem brought about by About 100 demonstrators gathered in Times Leslie Palenscar of Virginia Beach, wife of the "Bag Your Trash Week" activities Square yesterday to protest what they called Lieutenant Alexander J. Palenscar, III, shot will cat!Se everyone to be more mindful the denial of political asylum to the seaman down at sea off North Vietnam March 27, of the disposition of that kind of pollu and the violation by the United States of his 1967; mother of two children, the youngest of tion within his control-namely, house human rights under the protocol, to which whom never has seen his daddy; never heard. hold trash. the United States is a signatory. Mary Webb of Hampton, wife of Major The mayor's proclamation follows: The peaceful, two-hour demonstration Ronald Webb, shot down over North Viet here, which included picketing and angry nam June 11, 1967; has received one letter PROCLAMATION speeches, was one of a number of protests from her husband. Whereas, the state of our precious environ staged yesterday and Friday in Boston, Phila They're all attractive, all intensely ment is threatened on all sides by many delphia, Cleveland and Chicago by Ameri eloquent. And they do not fit the mental forms of pollution and we have fallen prey cans of Lithuanian, Estonian and Latvian prototype of what they ought to be. Pub to tons of waste generated daily by our ancestry over the incident at sea. licly at least, they are not emotional and highly developed technology; and The demonstrators, many of them wearing weepy; they are not fierce. The airborne Whereas, the amount of household refuse black armbands, carried sings reading "Is coffee klatch in the Governor's plane was is expected to almost double within the next State Department trading fish for human like almost any other that takes place in ten years due to modern developments in lives?" and "Russians and Coast Guard kill countless houses every day; Women drawn product packaging, including a deluge of brave Lithuanian sailors." together by common ties. But they know paper products, tin cans and indestructible The two ships had met in Vineyard Sound, their arguments-God knows, they know plastics; in American territorial waters, for a confer them-and the arguments come through Now, therefore, I, Joseph M. Nardi, Jr., ence on fishing off the Atlantic coast, a sub with piercing precision when the wives speak Mayor of the City of Camden, New Jersey, do ject of continuing Soviet-American contro to the Virginia delegation. "Gentlemen, I hereby proclaim the week of November 8 versy. would like to know whether I am a widow or through November 14, 1970 Bag Your Trash A spokesman for the State Department not." We have been patted on the back Week and do urge all citizens to join in yesterday acknowledged that the seaman had enough and told enough times that we have activities which will help further the effort been forcibly returned to the 300-foot Soviet your sympathy. We want something done." to enhance your environment and to con ship by crewmen who were allowed aboard As it ironically turned out early today, trol the problem of mounting refuse through the American cutters, a 200-foot-long vessel. the announcement was made that something the conscientious use of plastic trash bags The spokesman said the incident consti indeed had been done-the abortive raid on to contain all household waste. tuted an apparent violation of Article 33 of the POW camp at Son Tay. The feelings of In witness hereof, I have hereunto set my the Geneva protocol, which governs po the wives have not yet crystalized about hand and the seal of the City of Camden, litical asylum, but he added that the State it; they wm be discussing it for months, New Jersey, this 2nd day of November, 1970. Department had not learned of the case until wondering whether, had the raid been staged JosEPH M. NARDI, Jr., after the defector had been returned, and three weeks earlier, they now might have Mayor. thus could take no action. their husbands home. In general the wives This was contradicted yesterday, however, are enthusiastic about the raid, but they by a spokesman for the First Coast Guard are exasperated because Son Tay was empty. RUSSIANS SEIZE DEFECTOR District in Boston, which had jurisdiction The raid fitted into what they have come to ABOARD COAST GUARD SHIP over the cutter in the authorized but un recognize as the awful pattern of this war usual conference with the Russians. exasperation and tears. Thn Coast Guard spokesman said that the Being with these gals is therapeutic. HON. JOHN S. MONACAN decision to return the defector was ordered Their determination and unexpressed agony OF CONNECTICUT by the First District commander, Rear Adm. are contagious and fortifying. The cliches IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES W. B. Ellis, but that both the State De flood into the mind, but none really helps. partment and the Coast Guard commandant And the quotes. From Dumas, were: "All Monday, November 30, 1970 in Washington had been apprised of the wisdom may be reduced to two words-wait Mr. MONAGAN. Mr. Speaker, I include situation "early in the afternoon of the and hope." Surely these gals, in their ordeal 23d," the day the incident took place. of waiting and hoping-are wise well beyond the following as part of my remarks in their years, probably wiser than they care to the RECORD: DISCUSSIONS GOING ON be. From Goethe: "Happy is the man who [N.Y. Times, Sunday, Nov. 29, 1970] The spokesman said that "the decision to has a good wife; he lives twice as long:" return the crewman was made in considera These are good wives, good wives. If the RUSSIANS SEIZE DEFECTOR .ABOARD COAST GUARD tion of delicate international discussions capacity to extend lives can be transmitted SHIP which were being carried on regarding fish across oceans and through jungles, these (By Robert D. McFadden) ing probleinS." He added: "Their progress gals have transmitted to it their husbands. At 2 P.M. last Monday, as the mother ship could have been endangered by any other Because of these gals, these wives alone, their of a Soviet fishing fleet and a United States course of action." husbands may yet live. Coast Guard cutter rocked in the swells a. Admiral Ellis was reported yesterday to be At the end of the day one is left, as they mile off Martha's Vineyard, a Lithuanian sea recuperating from surgery and could not be are, with his private thoughts. If he were man made a dramatic leap for political asy reached for comment. one of those poor guys over there, locked lum. The meeting of ships during which the at in a Communist cage, he would want a wife The seaman, a radio operator known here tempted defection took place was arranged such as these. He comes away from them only as Simas, hurled himself across a 10- at Soviet suggestion, according to the State how? Saddened. Strengthened. And with a foot gap from the Soviet vessel, the Soviet Department, to take up the problem of wince in the heart. skaja Litva, and onto the deck of the cutter "over-harvesting" the yellow-tail flounder Vigilant. along the North Atlantic coast. About 10 hours later, after a flurry of ship The Russians had suggested that the mat to-shore radio consultations, the seaman was ter could be dealt with "on the scene," the ASSAULT AGAINST POLLUTION IN forcibly returned to the fishing ship by Soviet State Department spokesman added, and crewmen who had boarded the American ves thus the Soviet factory ship was invited into CAMDEN, N.J. sel with the permission of the Coast Guard. United States territorial waters for the The man, according to eyewitness accounts, meeting, which took place about a mile west was severely beaten by the Russians while of Gay Head on the western tip of Martha's HON. JOHN E. HUNT the American seamen looked on. Vineyard. OF NEW JERSEY DEMONSTRATIONS HELD IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES SESSIONS CALLED CORDIAL "Simas pleaded with [the Americans] to let In addition to representatives of the Inter Monday, November 30, 1970 hiin stay," a civilian who was aboard the ior Department's Bureau of Fisheries, princ Mr. HUNT. Mr. Speaker, the week of cutter and witnessed the beating said yes ipals 1n the meeting at sea included repre November 8 through November 14, 1970, terday. He added: sentatives of fishing interests in New Bed "He was crying 'help' and was on his knees ford, Mass., including Robert Brieze, presi was recognized in Camden, N.J., as "Bag praying and begging them to save his life. dent of the New Bedford Seafood Products Your Trash Week" at the urging of the But the captain said he was just following Association, and John Burt, an official of proclamation issued by Mayor Joseph M. orders." the New Bedford Fishermen's Union. Nardi, Jr. The incident has led to a series of demon The spokesman for the State Department, While this was only a token assault strations here and in other cities, produced which authorized the meeting, described it November 30, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39211' transported by emotion when listening to a as an "informal get-together" aboard the the case in time, it probably would have asked the Coast Guard to handle it differ harangue by Huey Newton. They think of Soviet ship, "mainly for the benefit of re themselves as the participants in and bene gional people and fishermen from New Bed ently. The United States policy, the spokesman ficiaries of a noble experiment. The formula ford." He added that the sessions were cor for the experiment comes down from the dial and that there had been "a lot of visit said, was to grant asylum to persons from ing back and forth" between the Soviet ship Communist-bloc countries "who manage to Nazis. make it into our hands." The New Left represents its program as a and the Coast Guard cutter. spiritual movement which, however, must be The ships were linked with hawsers and GOVERNMENT ASSAILED advanced by rocks and fists and the constant fenders were put over the side to prevent Romas Kezys, chairman of the Ad Hoc press of bodies against the Establishment. damage to their hulls at about 10:30 that Lithuanian-American Action Committee, Hitler wrote in "Mein Kampf": morning. Mr. Brieze, Mr. Burt and the Gov which was formed last week to protest the "The young (Nazi) movement, from the ernment officials rode beeches buoys across handling of the incident, said the demon first day, espoused the standpoint that its to the Soviet ship. The conference took place strations had been organized after repeated idea must be put forward spiritually, but in the Russian captain's quarters, according appeals for information by telephone and that the defense of this spiritual platform to Mr. Brieze. telegram had been ignored by the State De must if necessary be secured by strongarm OFFICER IS APPROACHED partment. means." "We wish to draw public attention to this Shortly before 2 P.M., Mr. Brieze said, the The New Left preaches that the new Lithuanian quietly approached one of the outrageous decision," he said. society cannot be created Within the prevail The Baltic states of Lithuania, Latvia and ing society but must be constructed upon Vigilant's officers and told of his plan to de Estonia have been part of the Soviet Union fect. No action was taken on the information. i':; ruins. since 1940, when they were annexed, except Hitler wrote: Ten minutes later the seaman leaped across for a time during World War II. the space between ships and tumbled onto the "Since a philosophy of life is never will deck of the cutter. He carried various papers, ing to share with another, it cannot be willing letters, his wife's photograph and his pass either to collaborate in an existing regime port, all of which were taken by the Coast which it condemns, but feels obligated to Guardsmen, Mr. Brieze said when reached by GODFATHER OF THE NEW LEFT: combat this regime and the whole hostile telephone yesterday at his home in New COULD IT BE illTLER? world of ideas with all possible means; that Bedford. is, to prepare its downfall." "He is known to have two children," Mr. The New Left rationalizes its own intoler Brieze said. "He speaks English, German, ance as a justifiable means toward a de Russian and Spanish as well as Lithuanian. HON. ELFORD A. CEDERBERG sirable end. All the communication with the Americans OF MICHIGAN Hitler wrote: was in English." IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "The future of a movement is condithmed by the fanaticism. yes, the intolerance, with Mr. Brieze said that when the Russian Monday, November 30, 1970 learned of the defection, they asked permis which its adherents uphold it as the sole sion to speak to Simas. A flurry of radio com Mr. CEDERBERG. Mr. Speaker, lately correct movement, and push it past other munication followed between the ship and it has become fashionable for radicals formations of a similar sort." the First Coast Guard District in Boston, of the far left to picture our society and Young persons unfortunately do not which says it notified the Coast Guard com its institutions as repressive and dehu possess the perspective that develops from mandant in Washington. The commandant, personally passing through a certain period in turn, notified the State Department, ac manizing. The rule of law and the estab of history. But persons who lived during the cording to the First District spokesman. lishment of order is decried as being 1930's and observed the Nazis as they seized somehow inhuman and degrading to free Germany and then turned their hungry eyes NO OVERT ACT MADE man. on the rest of the world will not soon for The Americans aboard the Soviet ship re As one stands back a little and re get the words and the techniques of Hitler. turned to the cutter at about 3:30P.M., ac views this type of talk and, more par Those words and those techniques cording to Mr. Brieze, and no attempt was from the utopian promises to the marching made by the Russians to detain them. ticularly, the violent action which is in the streets-are revealed again in the Several hours later, after nightfall, the prompted by the vocal advocates of the movement of the militant New Left. cutter's commander, Capt. Ralph E. Eustis, theory, one is reminded of the intolerant received Admiral Ellis' order to return the idealists of the past. The most recent Lithuanian, and four Russian seamen were example of this type of individual oc granted permission to come aboard to take cured in Germany of the 1930's. Adolf FROM VIETNAM TO CALIFORNIA him back. Hitler stands in history as one of the ROUND TRIP FOR $350 "Simas pleaded with [the Americans] to let most successful of those who would have him stay," Mr. Brieze said. "He was crying 'help,' and was on his knees praying and beg society give way to his idealistic utopia. ging them to save his life. But the captain He also stands as the most unsuccessful, HON. JEROME R. WALDIE said he ·was just following orders." and the entire world suffered as a result OF CALIFORNIA The Russians seized Simas just outside of his fanatical dream. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Captain Eustis' quarters aboard the cutter, I believe that there is a lesson for us Mr. Brieze said, and "beat him all up." in all of this. The editorial comment Monday, November 30, 1970 Bloody from the beatings, in which the Amer which follows, taken from the November Mr. WALDIE. Mr. Speaker, I should icans did not interfere, Mr. Brieze said, Simas 28, 1970, edition of the Detroit News, like to call to the attention of this body nevertheless broke free anU. ran up on deck. makes the point rather well. I highly In the darkness, it was believed that Simas a most magnanimous gesture on the part had jumped overboard. Actually, he had hid recommend this short article to my col· of my constituent, Mr. Ed Daley, presi den himself in the cutter's recesses, Mr. Brieze leagues for their consideration: dent of World Airways, with headquar said. GODFATHER OF THE NEW LEFT: COULD IT ters in Oakland, Calif. BEATEN UNCONSCIOUS BE HITLER? Mr. Daley has just received approval Though the Russian seamen were still When we hear the spiritual guides and from the Civil Aeronautics Board to en aboard, Captain Eustis drew the cutter away the disciples of the New Left outline their able military personnel to fly round trip from the Soviet ship. Later, at about 11:30 dream of a new society and their program for from Vietnam to California for $350. P.M., the Russians found Simas and. accord achieving it, we are stuck not by the new ing to Mr. Brieze, "bound him hand and foot ness but by the triteness of their schemes. World Airways, which operates a fleet of and kicked and beat him until he was un Utopia was a worn theme when Sir Thomas Boeing 707-320C fan-jet aircraft, is the conscious." More revived it in the 16th century. The largest charter carrier, and has operated The Russians, at their own request, were cynical attitude of intolerant idealism was scheduled air service in and to South then lowered With their prisoner and two far from new when Hitler assumed it in the east Asia for the military since 1956. American seamen in one of the cutter's life 1920's. Last year World Airways flew almost boats and returned to the Soviet ship, Mr. Hitler a godfather of the New Left? 20 million miles for the Military Airlift Brieze said. Theoretically, the extremes of left and Command, and recently received the "During all this time, not a single Ameri right stand at the farthest possible distance can sailor or civilian went to Simas' aid, even from each other on the ideological globe. USO Gold Medal Award for having safely though all said what they had seen was In practice, they occupy much the same transported more than 500,000 service against their grain," Mr. Brieze added. position. As they circumnavigate, they meet men and women. The State Department spokesman who one another corning from the other direction. World Airway's plan will include: a. was Mked about the Incident yesterday said Naive youngsters sit enraptured at the frequent fiights from Vietnam to Cali that, had the department been apprised o! feet of Herbert Marcuse or find themselves fornia; b. scheduled connections to all 39212 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 30, 1970 parts of the United States; and c. financ had been drawn up by the Panthers after a ment with proportional representation and ing arrangements so that all eligible convention in Philadelphia in September. a socialist framework." The Panther Party's military personnel will be able to take However, Huey P. Newton, Panther miniS immediate goal, he said, was "revolutionary advantage of the new Vietnam leave ter of defense, said Saturday night the con lntercommunallsm," under which "oppressed policy. Mr. Daley will personally guar stitutional convention would have to be held communities" around the world would co at another time, after the revolutionary operate to destroy capitalism. antee loans to servicemen who would groups had "liberated" Washington. otherwise be unable to pay for the trip Yesterday, a spokesman for the Black A speech by Newton, who has made few Panthers said the organization felt the week or to borrow the necessary funds. Finan public appearances since his release from end was a success. cial arrangements will be handled prison Aug. 5, was almost completely inaudi ''We think so because the Whole mood through the First Western Bank of Los ble to most of the delegates because of the showed that the will of the people was greater Angeles. garbling of the public address system as they than mass technology. The people waited listened outside the St. Stephen and the In here (despite the obstacles)." the spokesman I wish to take this means of com carnation Church while Newton spoke in mending to Mr. Daley upon this generous side. said, adding that the convention will con tinue indefiniteley until a "liberated site" undertaking in the public interest. Many delegates walked away wondering can be found. aloud whether they had heard Newton or a tape recording, even though Newton was ac tually inside the church, where only a minor {From the Sunday Star, Nov. 29, 1970] BLACK PANTHERS OR JUST RED ity of the conventioneers could fit. NEWTON OFFERS PANTHER PARLEY ONLY REVOLUTIONARIES? The series of events left some of the par REBELLION ticipants unhappy. Black Panther leader Huey Newton yester One girl, from the Boston area said the day told several thousand activists gathered HON. JOHN R. RARICK weekend was enough to make her "want to here for the Revolutionary Peoples Consti leave the movement." OF LOUISL\NA tutional Convention that, since they had IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES BEGAN EARLY "lost everything," there is nothing left "but Another participant, a young student who total rebellion." Monday, November 30, 1970 was sitting outside Saturday afternoon with In one of his few major appearances since nothing to do, complained, "I:f they just his release from jail Aug. 5, Newton told Mr. RARICK. Mr. Speaker, seemingly, the crowd gathered inside and around st. the use of labels and slogans performs a wanted to read the constitution, why didn't they print it in next week's edition of the Stephen and the Incarnation Church, 16th great disservice to the right of our citi Panther newspaper?" and Newton Streets NW: zens to know-to be informed. The convention's troubles began early in "We've been forced out of society. We"ve The communications media, re the week when Panther officials refused to been forced out of equal protection of the dundant on reports of the recent Black meet a Tuesday deadline set by Howard Uni laws, and human respect, and it leaves us Panther convention in Washington, versity !or the payment of a $7,377.98 service with nothing to lose really and everything played down the participants and at fee for the use of the campus as a convention to gain, because we've lost everything. site. "And, of course, when one has lost every tendees to the convention. The local press The Panthers demanded that Howard al thing, nothing is open to him but total re reported that the delegates were neither low them to use the campus without charge. bellion-rebellion against that force and all black nor all Panthers-but merely But Howard President James E. Cheek re those conditions which have stripped him o! all Red revolutionaries. For the most fused, saying the school could not legally his very dignity as a human being." part, it was the same old misdirected civil subsidize events sponsored by off-campus "We've concluded that there's no room for rights groups. just under a new banner. groups. us in the capitalistic system because of the If these reports are true, many will This action removed the Panthers' last overdeveloped nature of the country. We see hope !or an indoor location. Earlier efforts that as far as autonomy of our community in question who it is that wants to foment any respect, as far as self-governing our in racial agitation by misleading the Amer to obtain the use of the University of Mary land and the D.C. armory had been futue~ stitutions, this cannot exist under capital ican people to believe that all of the but Panther spokesmen still urged the dele ism." Black Panthers are black or that black gates to come to Washington. Newton's speech last night followed the people have a monopoly on violence. Those who a.uived for registration Friday reading of a "new'' constitution to repre It is ironic that those who rely on the at the All Souls Unitarian Church turned out sentatives of the Panthers and other New Constitution of the United States for to be a d15pa.ra.te assortment: women's groups Left groups gathered at the church. college students, the homosexual Gay Libera The church yesterday became the main their protection would destroy that same tion Front, the Panthers, the Puerto Rican meeting place for the convention, called to Constitution. Young Lords, radical splinter groups and rewrite the U.S. Constitution to refiect the I include several related newsclippings, young white "street people"-many of high needs of ••oppressed communities." Conven as follows: school age. tion organizers earlier were refused space at [From the Washington Post, Nov. SO, 1970] A larger percentage of delegates had come Howard and Maryland Universities and the great dl.s"ba.nces tha.n had participants in D.C. Armory. PANTHE&S END DISTIUCT 01' COLUMBIA larger Washington rallies such as last year's Most participants, whom the Panthers say CONVENTION Moratorium. Many were from Berkeley, Calif., numbered about 5,000, are bunking with area (By Ivan C. Brandon and Jim Mann) and points across the Midwest. sympathizers. Many were fed in shifts yes Delegates to the Black Panther-sponsored All day Friday, they wandered the streets, terday at the church before hearing the pro revolutionary people's constitutional conven bought &nd sold radioa.l newspapers, and vislons of the proposed constitution, which tion left Wash1ngton yesterday without a waited for information on planned activities. had not been voted upon late last night. The promised constitution and with little else to On Friday night, a rally in Meridian Hill location of today•s session remained uncer show for two days of apparently aimless ac Park attracted nearly 5,000 persons, the tain late last night. tivity on the sidewalks along 16th Street NW. largest crowd of the weekend, to hear the A comment by Newton near the end of his The participants, who numbered between Panther-oriented rock group, the "Lumpen," two-hour speech threw further confusion on 8,000 and 5,000 predominantly white young whose featured number is "Free Bobby." today's activities. He said that the "new" persons, arrived Friday from throughout the Saturday morning and a.fternoon produced constitution should not be put together un United States with the expectation that they only more confusion. The only organized til .. after the revolution" and that the time would take pa.rt in workshop discussions and workshop was a gathering of about 700 wom for the revolution had not yet come. help write a document to replace the U.S. en &t Trinity College to discuss women's "It's the wrong time to speak about any Constitution. rights issues. The majority of the delegates thing like a constitution until you get rid of But the planned workshops were never held remained milling outside along 16th street. those institutions that symbolize fascism," because the Panther organizers were unable Throughout the day. persons Who said Newton said. to obtain an indoor convention site. Instead, they were speaking !or the Panther organiza His remark was heard by about 400 per the majority of the delegates spent Friday tion told reporters there should be no press sons 1n the church, but apparently by few and Saturday afternoons sitting outdoors or coverage and asked film crews to leave. In of those listening to loudspeakers outside. wandering along 16th Street NW from Har a.t lea&t three oases, camera film was de Many participants milled around outside vard Street to Newton Street. stroyed. the church after Newton's speech unsure of When Saturday night came, the constitu At least three hours before the planned whether action should be taken today on the tion was only outlined by Michael c. Tabor reading of the constitution, St. Stephen proposed constitution, which was the main of New York City, who said the main elements church was filled to its capacity of 600 per reason for the convention here. were proportional representation, the out sons and then sealed off. A public address The "'new" constitution is not a govern lawing of racial exclusion and the elimina system was set up on the church steps for mental charter in the usual sense, but is tion of "elements of oppression." A Panther about 2,000 people sta.nding outside. mostly a declaration of ideological principles spokesman said yesterday that this outline Newton's speech supported "world govern- aimed at cementing the "oppressed commu- November 30, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39213 nities" of blacks, Puerto Ricans, Orientals, constitutional convention here, sponsored quarters on Thursday morning, the building women and homosexuals. by the Black Panther Party, officials said. has been under close surveillance," said Police It reiterates the assertion that capitalism, Taber said it was his understanding there Chief Clarence Giarrusso. imperialism and racism are linked, and pro had been a lot of shouting and swearing in "Three men with shotguns r.an from the poses "a system of true communism where the plane. Gelfin said the pilot had only told front of the building as police entered all people produce according to their abil FAA officials the group was being "boister through the rear," Giarrusso said. He said ities" and "determine their own destinies." ous." they disappeared into the housing project, The sympathizers who came to the con Gelfin said it was the first time he could home of 11,000 Negroes. vention scheduled to run .from Friday recall that a plane had returned to the ter In addition to rifles, shotguns and explo through today expressed dtlferent reasons minal in such a situation but that it is sives, Giarrusso said officers confiscated tape for their attendance. the prerogative of the pilot to do so if he recorders, short-wave radios capable of moni One college student from Fresno, Calif., feels it is necessary. toring police broadca~ts, gas masks and had expected workshops to "rip apart" the The pilot was not identified. Panther records. Constitution and rewrite it "for all the peo W. L. Helmantoler, a spokesman for Amer "This confiscated material will be helpful ple." The "new" constitution apparently was ican Airlines, said late last night that the in the trials of those arrested earlier," Gair written in closed Bld.Ck Panther sessions. group was asked to leave the plane but re russo said. "It will further demonstrate to One elderly resident of the Woodley Hotel fused. All passengers were then asked to thiS community the revolutionary purpose of here passed by an impromptu "rap" session leave, the other passengers later being re this group." across the street from St. Stephen Church. turned to the plane. He said the group was Police arrested 31 Panthers and sympa She remarked to two delegates, "I heard you offered transportation into Washington but thizers last Wednesday and Thursday. Giar wanted to rewrite the Constitution. refused it. russo said at the time he believed the "core" "Well," she asked a tall black youth with A spokesman for the Black Panthers said or "revolutionary cadre" of the group had a towering Afro haircut, "when did it stop early today that the group did not cause any been arrested. working?" trouble on the plane. They were sitting in They were booked on charges ranging from Her query was met with silent stares and the plane "when they were suddenly sur attempted murder to criminal mischief. The as she continued to walk down 16th Street rounded by pigs," the spokesman said. charges are being challenged in federal court. one of the group remarked, "I guess she According to the Panther information ha.:n't been tuned into the revolution." office, the only problem at the airport before [From the Washington Post, Nov. 30, 1970] Most of the delegates were members of the group was ejected came when a member LENZNER AND POLITICAL REALITY of the group was entering the mobile lounge such radical groups as Women's Liberation, (By Rowland Evans and Robert Novak) the Young Lords (a New York-based Puerto for the trip out to the plane and the door Rican group), Gay Liberation and Youth In was slammed in her face. Deeply embedded roots of the furious de ternational Party (Yippies). Other fringe bate over legal services in the government's groups included disenchanted servicemen, [From the Sunday Star, Nov. 29, 1970] antipoverty program are found in a Sept. 15 Socialist party members and a West Coast TWELVE FROM GAY Lm FRONT RELEASED AFTER police raid in New Orleans on the National based Asian militant group. BRAWL Committee to Combat Fascism (NCCF), a Most said they came in support of the Twelve members of the Gay Liberation Black Panther front specializing in police Panthers as ''revolutionary people" and Front were released on personal recognizance baiting. trusted the "constitution committee." yesterday on charges stemming from a bottle Present at NCCF headquarters was Rob "Has the brother Huey ever did us wrong? throwing, window smashing brawl which er'; Glass, a lawyer for the federally funded We know he'll put down for all the people," erupted at a Northwest Washington restaur New Orleans Legal Assistance Corp. (NO shouted one youth from a group that took LAC), part of the national antipoverty pro ant after four homosexuals were denied gram. Questioned by police, Glass invoked over a lawn in front of an apartment house service. in the 3300 block of 16th Street. General Sessions Court Judge Sylvia Bacon his client-lawyer relationship with the NCCF. One white 82-year-old grandmother who released the defendants, most of them out Subsequently, 12 NCCF members charged said she lived on 125th E'treet in New York, of-towners attending the Peoples' Revolu with attempted murder, assault, and other the heart of Harlem, claimed, "I'm a Black tionary Constitutional Convention, in cus felonies were represented by NOLAC law Panther at heart and I just had to come tody of the Rev. Jon Higginbotham, a District yers. here." minister. Thus, taxpayer funds were used to defend The 12 face several misdemeanor charges a violence-prone black extremist organiza [From the Washington Post, Nov. 30, 1970 J of simple assault, vandalism, and unlawful tion. This clearly violated federal law bar ring antipoverty legal services from crim FOURTEEN REMOVED FROM PLANE AS entry after the free-for-all late Friday night at the Zephyr Restaurant, 4912 Wisconsin minal cases (as were 24 per cent of all NO "UNRULY" LAC cases) and violated federal policy re (By Stephen P. Caplan) Ave.N.W. The incident began when four Gay Lib quiring these services to be used directly by Fourteen persons identified with the Black members, two of them arm-in-arm, entered the poor and only the poor. Panthers were removed from an American and sat at a table. One of those arrested said Herein lies the ugly dispute that sur Airlines 747 jet last night after they allegedly the group waited several minutes without faced Nov. 19 when Donald Rumsfeld, Presi became "boisterous and unruly" as the plane service before talking with the manager. dent Nixon's antipoverty czar, fired Terry F. was preparing to leave Dulles International "The manager said he couldn't serve us," Lenzner, 31, as head of the federal legal serv Airport, according to a Federal Aviation Ad he said. "I asked him it was because one ices program. Rumsfeld insisted that the ministration spokesman. of us was black and he said no. I asked him program be tightly molded to aiding the The plane, Flight 75 to Los Angeles, was if it was because we are homosexuals. I asked poor in eviction and other tenant cases, wel taxiing down the runway at 6:30p.m. when him three times and he wouldn't answer." fare and consumer grievances, and school the decision was made by the pilot to return The four returned to American University disputes. Lenzner envisioned a far broader to the terminal, H. A. Taber, airport opera where they are staying during the convention, mandate encompassing reform of the whole tions manager, said. There were 128 pas he said, and decided to stage a sit-in. About system, not excluding support for Black sengers and 13 stewardesses and crewmen 40 persons returned, he said. Panthers. aboard, an airport spokesman said. The brawl occurred during the sit-in. The The legal services fight is, in microcosm, All of the passengers were put on mobile 12 were arrested later when their minibus what's happening in the poverty program at lounges, but only the mobile lounge with was stopped by police several blocks away large. Since its Great Society birth under R. the group of 14 actually returned to the on Wisconsin Avenue. Sargent Shriver, the program has swarmed terminal, Taber said. The others were driven with idealists, pushing political revolution. around briefly and returned to the plane. (From the Washington Post, Nov. 30, 1970] Since taking over in 1969, ex-congressman David Gelfin, FAA public affairs officer, Rumsfeld has been guiding· it back to the said the pilot refused to fly with the group NEW ORLEANS POLICE SEIZE PANTHER GUNS original congressional intent of helping poor unless a sky marshal was put aboard. The NEW ORLEANS, November 29-Police entered people. recently formed force of armed federal Black Panther headquarters today, the second Indeed, anything more than that would agents has been riding numerous interna time in less than a week, and confiscated not be tolerated by a conservative Repub tional and domestic flights, but none was weapons, explosives, electronic equipment lican administration and a hostile Congress. scheduled on the Los Angeles flight and and Panther records. What Lenzner failed to understand is that none could be obtained on such short notice, Six members of the local Panther group, Rumsfeld must control militant excesses or said Gelfl.n. called the National Committee to Combat risk congressional obliteration of the anti Exactly what occurred in the plane was Facism (NCCF), had a brief gunfight with poverty program-particularly its much not clear. The group of 14, which included police Thanksgiving Day when their Desire needed legal services, emasculated by the nine men, three women and two children, Housing Project headquarters was raided. Senate la~t year but restored by the House was still sitting in the terminal four hours Police arrested the six and confiscated rifles, under Rumsfeld's urging. later, but would not talk to reporters. The shotguns, explosives, gas masks and tear gas Consequently, Rumsfeld was appalled at 14, half of whom were black, had apparently grenades in that raid. the New Orleans office of NOLAC. For exam attended the two-day revolutionary people's "Since the successful raid on NCCF head- ple, a legal services fellow connected with 39214 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 30, 1970 NOLAC was an attorney-of-record defending Newton in compiling the Black Panther interests as a counter to Zionist in the SDS demonstrators. Further, NOLAC sought leader's autobiography. United States." to obtain circulation at Louisiana State Uni Blake apparently is doing the "leg work" Following are highlights from this sig versity of a pornographic underground news in gathering information for the book, and nificant pronouncement: paper (a recent copy of which contains a possibly ghostwriting it. "There are more than 22 million blacks in nude cartoon of President Nixon amid other Newton himself is the source of this dis the United States. In the state of New York indecencies). The recently resigned NOLAC closure. alone, blacks could tip the scales in support director, Richard Buckley, says: "Legal serv On October 6, the Daily Pioneer, a news of any candidate they choose. In the U.S. ices exist for the redistribution of wealth and paper published at the California State Col presidential election, the black vote could power." lege in Hayward, printed a letter by Newton grant victory to the candidate of its choice. When Ru.m.Sfeld sent investigators to New stating that he and Blake are co-authoring The Kennedy family understood this truth, Orleans, Lenzner denounced it as political a book about Newton's early life and the and hence the Kennedys embarked on a cal interference. Tension was also high when development of the Black Panther party. culated policy to build bridges to the blacks. Rumsfeld probed legal services in Los Angeles Newton asked that anyone having infor "The periodical of the Black Panthers is to state employees earning $11,00()-..$15,000 mation about his youth get in touch With an outstanding defender of the Arab inter and in Dallas to an underground newspaper, Blake--whom he referred to as "professor of ests and an outspoken supporter of Arab the Dallas Notes, enjoined from publication sociology, UCSC, Santa Cruz." nationalists, and condemning world Zionism, because of obscenity. The book, Newton declared, "will be an its expansionist ambitions and imperialism. The Dallas case is illustrative. Using federal important document in contemporary his Arab propaganda should exploit this support funds intended to help the poor, legal serv tory." and establlsh a common front in oppositinn. ices there defended the underground pub How and why Newton selected Blake a.s his to world Jewry. lisher, Brent Lasalle Stein, 27, son of a rich collaborator is not clear. "We must actively help our black friends Dallas merchant. "It seems to me that's the Obviously, Blake is on close terms with on that hostile continent. We can derive kind of activity necessary to insure this kind Newton and the Panthers-although there is great propaganda from black Americans, a of publication for the poor," says Frank no known record of his being a member of propaganda that is even more important Jones,nred as legal services deputy along with the latter. Certainly if he weren't trusted by than American investments in our country." Lenzner. both, Newton wouldn't have picked him for In each of these cases, Rumsfeld felt Lenz the book job. ner was dragging his heels by delaying action Blake is on record as a militant dove. Last against the violations. The relationship rap spring he was aggressively active in anti-Viet INVESTIGATION ON PROBLEMS idly deterlorated between Rum.sfeld and Nam demonstrations. The Santa Cruz Sen OF BOXE...-q,s Lenzner, a bright former Justice Department tinel, reporting one campus demonstration, civil rights lawyer who was Rumsfeld's first listed Blake as a speaker and as telling the senior sta!Y appointment in 1969. st udents: "The only way to stop the war is HON. LESTER L. WOLFF The :final straw came Nov. 16, when Lenz to stop the normal operations of govern OF NEW YORK ner telegraphed the New Orleans office ex ment." IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES onerating it of wrongdoing. Antipoverty om Amplifying on that, he urged the students cials say he acted in violation of explicit to "issue a statewide call to other university Monday, November 30, 1970 orders !rom Rum.sfeld not to communicate and college students to stage a rally at the Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Speaker, recently with New Orleans without first informing federal buildings in San Francisco and Los Rumsfeld; Lenzner told us flatly he received Angeles and not permit people either to enter my distinguished colleague Richard Nixon's Washington, it must be kept itself. $50,000 put up by Newton's bail c:ame from A considerable number of boxers, ref in check by a cool-headed politician, fending contributions for the Black Panthers' widely o!Y uncompromising idealists. Falling to com touted "breakfast for children" program. erees, public officials, and sportswriters prehend that political reality put Terry Lenz offered their views. Among them, were ner on his collision course with Rumsfeld. That plan has garnered a lot of publicity and contributions for the Panthers. Actually, former heavyweight champion Floyd Patterson, former light heavyweight [From Human Events, Dec. 5, 1970] the program is far from what it's claimed to be. champion Jose Torres, New York State FORD FOUNDATION FuNDING HUEY NEWTON'S According to the Panthers, they are feed Boxing Commissioner Edwin B. Dooley: BIOGRAPHY ing "thousa.nds" of children around the Madison Square Garden's President and (From the Allen-Goldsmith Report) country. An authoritative survey disclosed General Manager Harry Markson, and The Ford Foundation is putting up $13,130 that in reality only a few hundred are get New York State licensed referee Davey for an autobiography by Huey P. Newton, ting breakfasts-with heavy doses of hate Feld. supreme commander of the crime and vio propaganda. Their testimonies on the problems of lence-tarred Black Panthers. This virulent racist indoctrination is a boxers as well as their views on the fu Head of the immensely wealthy foundation dairly feature at every breakfast. is McGeorge Bundy, former Harvard dean The children get a great deal more propa ture of boxing were shocking. In effect, and special foreign. a!Yairs adviser to Presi ganda than they do food. it was clearly pointed out that the Amer dents Kennedy and Johnson. Graphically illustrative of what is taking ican boxer remains the victim of exploi In 1968 Newton was convicted of voluntary place in this fanfared scheme is what is hap tation from alleged powers that be, as manslaughter for the killing of a police of pening in the San Francisco area.--locatlon well as continuing to be ignored in ficer. Last sumxner this conviction was re of the Black Panthers' national headquar matters of medical exams prior to fights, versed on a technicality and a new trial or ters. Breakfasts are no longer being given no pension program and other such dered. He is now out on $50,000 bail-posted children. abuses. Moreover, the informal hearing by the Black Panther party and Charles Charles Garry, white militant leftist Black Garry of San Francisco, Newton's white Panther attorney, in an effort to picture clearly demonstrated that Federal legis attorney. them as victims of "police brutality," lation is necessary to correct the prob The $13,130 Ford Foundation grant for claimed 28 had been murdered by -pollee lems found within this sport if we ever Newton's book was made to J. Herman Blake, since 1968. But in an accompanying press re hope to protect boxers and provide a black sociology teacher at the University of lease, the Panthers had difficulty listing 20 better future for the sport. California, Santa Cruz. who assertedly "were killed in cold blood." I therefore would like to extend my re This grant was reported by the Santa Cruz Following is the incontrovertible record of marks, Mr. Speaker, to include in the Sentinel in an article captioned "UCSC's the 20: RECORD during the next several days the Blake Receives Grant." It stated he had been One was killed by his wife over an affair testimonies gathered at this hearing. I given this money by the Ford Foundation with a female Black Panther; one during a. feel it justifies action from Congress. "to assist him in studies toward a doctoral robbery attempt; another reportedly was tor degree." Also, that such grants are adminls tured and killed by Bla.ck Panther mem The testimonies follow: tered by "bi-racial groups and are ·alnted at bers; and four were &lain by other black ex STATEMENT BY REPRESENTATIVE LEsTER L. increasing the number of doctorate degrees tremists. WOLFF, INFORMAL CONGRESSIONAL HEARING held by members of minorlty groups." In a recent leading article, widely reprinted ON EsTABLISHING A NATIONAL BOXING COM But last month another California news in Arab publications, the Libyan daily, El MISSl:ON paper disclosed the real purpose of the Khuriya, vigorously urged "Black Americans ThiS morning, my distinguished colleague, grant-to finance Blake's collaboration with to mobilize in support of Islam and Arab Mr. Mario Biaggi, and I will reopen an issue November 30, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39215 which has been debated time and again, but whether it was done correctly (with a medi Professional boxing has been subject to bas yet to be resolved. It is the question of cal report from his doctor to indicate that regulation in New York State since 1920, what can be done to rid boxing and its box the scar tissue in the cut was removed). first as the State Boxing Commission, and ers of the specters of hardship and corrup After having the cut taken care of properly, presently under the New York State Atheltic tion which haunt them. the fighter should be required to go to the Commission. We will be hearing from a wide variety o! Commission doctor for an examination be Our Commission is charged by statute with views during the course of this informal fore his license is continued as a profes the sole direction, management, control and hearing. We are hopeful that your opinions sional boxer. jurisdiction of all professional boxing and experiences can be combined with Con 3. Fighters should be rated by the Federal matches and wrestling exhibitions held gressional efforts to solve the many mysteries CommissJon. They should be put into classes; within the state. The Commission grants an which surround this sport. Moreover, we be for example, Class A, B, C, D; and a boxer nual licenses to boxers, wrestlers, managers, lieve that this hearing will offer us a means could not fight out of his class unless he trainers, seconds, matchmakers, promoters by which we may determine if it is necessary applies to be moved up. A boxer could and and all persons involved in the actual con to cure maladies of this sport by establishing should be dropped down in class according duct of matches and exhibitions, such as a National Boxing Commission. to his wins and losses. In that way, a fighter referees, timekeepers. judges and an We do know that the American boxer must could n()t be over-matched or mismatched. nouncers, all in accordance with prescribed face more than the mere blows of his op A boxer should be protected against un statutory standards of character, experience, ponent in the ring. He has, in fact, far more scrupulous managers in connection with his fitness and financial responsibility. In addi serious and consistent problems. earnings; managers would be required to tion, the Comltnssion prescribes the form of Prior to each fight, he must wonder how make sure the boxer received his full 66~% contract to be used between boxers and physically fit he really is, since there is no of each and every fight. The manager should managers and between boxers or their uniformity among states with regards to pay all expens.es because he is getting a big managers and promoting corporations. All pre-fight checkups. cut of the boxer's earnings. such contracts must be filed with the Com His very rating as a boxer is inconsistent. 4. Scoring rules should be enforced mission and the Comimssion must approve It varies with the views of each magazine throughout the U.S. so that there would be them. or association. For that matter, be is not one uniform scoring system and the public The rules and regulations o! the Com even assured consistency of being licensed would not be confused With all the different mission specify in detail the manner in from state to state, even if he is a world ways of scoring a match. New York, in my which matches and exhibitions must be champion. opinion, has the best scoring system. conducted and the medical precautions He must continually face public skepti 5. Referees should have a rotation system which must be observed. Boxing bouts, for cism as to his honesty and integrity, being and should be given ample notice of bouts example, must be held only 1n premises ap part of a sport's history which bas bad its they are to referee. A few day's notice should share of troubles. proved by the Commission. Not later than be given to a referee, not a few hours on the five days after the bout, our rules require Silently, he must live with the problem afternoon of the fight. If a referee cannot be a licensed manager to file with the Commis of "bunched income potential," approxi trusted, he should not get a license. sion on a special form a report of the ex mately 7-8 years in which he can make 6. A promoter, trainer, manager or fighter penses and division of the proceeds of the money in the sport before health and suc should not be permitted to dictate to the contest. cess begin to fade. Unlike other athletes, Commission who the referee should be to once his decline begins, there is no source The Commission also exercises broad pow referee a given fight. Some managers know ers of investigation and of license suspension of security such as a pension fund to which what referee would be good for their fighters. be can turn. and revocation. OUr rules also require that For example, the manager might feel that it all contracts entered into by any licensee of The American boxer, !or all intents and would be to the advantage of his fighter to purposes, is out for the count almost before the Commission or any and all amendments, have a referee who breaks fast In the clinches changes or modifications calling for any mo he has begun. and would therefore choose a referee who Referees, another important paz:t Qf box tion picture, telecast or radio broadcast of would do so, even though this might not be any bout, must be promptly filed with the ing, also face problems. For example, they good for the opposing fighter. have no rotation system to ensure that each Commission for approval and no person or 7. If the Commission claims to be impar party may announce or conduct any such licensed referee has a fair chance at referee tial, how can they give to one referee 32 as ing the main bout of a match. broadcast or telecast of any bout conducted signments ot boxing matches in 30 months? under the jurisdiction of the Commission Today, we hope to unravel some of the 8. Why should we have such favoritism for mysteries and to try and understand what without first obtaining its approval. certain referees rather than a rotation sys Despite the scope of our Commission's ac are the greatest hardships within this sport. tem for all referees? By doing this, we should be able to take the tivities and the relative effectiveness of our 9. How is it possible that one referee could regulations, we share with the Congress its right course of action regarding boxing. have 25 of his 32 assignments in Madison It is also important to note, that these concern over the different standards of regu Square Garden in a period of "SO months? lation which exist among the various states, informal hearings are of a preparatory 10. Why should a referee receive 32 as nature. If the material obtained here war also the lack of power o'f the states or fed signments in a period in which no more than eral governmental authorities to assure the rants a more intensive investigation, it will 40 to 50 boxing exhibitions were held in the be turned over to the Committees of the proper ut111zation of communication facili whole state, when other qualified and some ties in connection with the coverage of pro Judiciary; Interstate and Foreign Commerce; times more experienced referees have gotten and the Select Committee on Crime. fessional boxing matches and to protect the 80 to 90 percent fewer assignments during integrity of the same. Generally speaking. Boxing must rid itself of a troubled past, that period? in order to maintain itself among other we in New York are opposed to federal regu na 11. Doesn't this cry out for a rotation sys lation of sports, but in the light of our ex tional sports. We therefore should not wait tem, and ask and require an answer to the any longer ·to banish the inequities and dis perience and the material developed by the question "Why is such favoritism given?" senate Sub-Committee on the AntiTrust and tortions which surround both. the sport and oa.n't we also ask whether anyone 1s control its boxers. Monopoly and by the House Committee on ling the Commission in its choice of officials? Interstate and Foreign Commerce, we agree that action at the federal level is needed to STATEMENT OF NEW YORK STATE LICENSED REMARKS OF EDWIN B. DoOLEY, CHAmMAN, rid professional boxing on a nationwide basis REFEREE DAVEY FELD N.Y. STATE BAKING CoMMXSSYON of all taint of gangster in:fluence and monop 1. Boxers should have: I am pleased to give my views on what can oly practices. (a.) A disability plan. be done to protect the integrity of the sport It is the purpose of HR 8635 to establish a (b) A pension plan. of boxing and to ensure a better future for Federal Boxing Commission with adequate (c) Boxing rules that will be enforced boxing. authority to exercise continuing surveillance by the Federal Government, with each state On September 14, 1966, pursuant to a re over professional boxing matches which are having the same medical tests for boxers quest from Senator John A. Pastore, chair broadcast by television or radio (otherwise and referees. man of the Senate Sub-Comimttee of Com than as part of bonafide news broadcasts) or 2. Trainers should be given a test to make munications, asking me to state my views which are diseminated by wire in interstate sure they know how to fix a cut in the with regard to H.R. 8635 passed in the House or foreign commerce either to be received on corner before being given a license. The of Representatives on August 16, 1965, and home receivers or in theatres, arenas, or other trainers should be given instructions from pending before his Committee, which would places of public assembly. The surveillance the Commission doctor. In any given bout, establish a Federal Boxing Commission to extends to and only to the use of television, when a boxer is TKO'd by a cut, he should exercise surveillance over professional box radio and other interstate and 'foreign com be compelled to go to the Commission doc ing matches, broadcast or disseminated by tor and have his cut looked at and stitched wire in Interstate Commerce, I wrote the munications, facilities and those professional within up properly, and have all the tis~ue re following statement which represents my matches held the United States which moved from that cut so the fighter can be thinking to date on Federal Control of box are covered by means of said facilities. protected and not go blind; or he can go to ing. I did not receive an answer to my letter HR 8635 would establish a Federal Boxing his own physician, but would have to report nor ha.s there been any public statement Commission consisting of three members ap to the Boxing Commission doctor the follow by the Senate Sub-Committee as to what pointed by the President by and with the ing day for a look at the cut to determine action was taken on H.R. 8635. advice and consent of the Senate. The terms CXVI--2470--Part 29 39216 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 30, 1970 of office of the Commissioners would be six It is my understanding that Section 15 diction, are welcomed to perform in another; years except that two of the Commissioners permits the State of New York to continue unqualified promoters, concerned only with first appointed would serve terms of two and its present statutory regulation without m.aking "a quick buck•' and getting out, four years respectively. The President shall change. For example, if the rare occasion have been debasing the sport; champions designate one member of the Commission to should arise when a federal license has been contemptuously ignore St ate Commission serve as Chairman. issued but the New York State Athletic Com denunciation of return bout contracts; box The operating costs of the Commission, in mission has refused to issue a license, the ers are signed to exclusive promotional con sofar as practicable, are to be covered from federal licensee would not be allowed to tracts in defiance of governmental disap fees from licenses to be issued by the Com participate in a New York contest which is proval. mission and toward this end the Commis broadcast by television or radio. What HR Corrective legislation can be accomplished sion is directed to prescribe an appropriate 8635 would require, in the case of a boxing only on a Federal level. This should be in scale of fees. contest in New York to be broadcast by the form of a nationwide licensing system The Commission is given a statutory au television or radio, is a federal license for centered in a Federal agency, a system that thority to license professional boxers, boxing the principal participants in addition to a would contain investigative facilities and promoters, agents, fight managers, referees New York license, a filing with the Federal criminal penalties. Tl::.e Federal agency or and judges, and any other persons partic Commission of certain contracts which would national commission should have jurisdic ipating in any other capacity in boxing be filed with the New York State Athletic tion to license all professional boxers, man matches as the Commission may by regula Commission-contracts which were either agers, matchmakers, promoters, and close tion prescribe; and corporations, partners approved in advance by the Commission or circuit television companies. (Regular te:e or other business organizations participat on forms approved by the Commission-and vision companies already are under various ing in or connected with the coverage of the submission to the Federal Commission Federal regulations). any covered boxing match, except persons of an accounting siinilar to, but not neces As a licensing agency primarily, such a providing coverage who are licensed under sarily identical with, the accounting required Federal Cominission would in no way pre the Communications Act of 1934, as by the New York State Athletic Commission empt present State authority in regulating amended. under the New York Law. professional boxing, although it would be In addition, contracts, agreements, ar Where state requirements are high and extremely helpful if such Federal Commis rangements, and understandings pertaining effectively enforced, as they are in New York, sion could seek to establish uniformity in to the conduct, promotion, or coverage of this would involve unnecessary duplicaticn rules among the several States. covered boxing matches are required to be at the federal level and certain aspects of As things stand now, we have a confused in writing and open to inspection by the state regulation. We would accordingly rec situation in which the rules in some States Commission. Copies must be furnished to ommend an amendment to the proposed bill call for a referee and no judges; some have the Commission upon its request. which would authorize the Federal Commis three judges plus a referee who has no vote The Commission is further aut horized to sion to issue a federal license on the basis in the decision; some have two judges and provide by regulation that such contracts, of a state license and to accept duplicate a referee. Some States have a so-called "10- agreetnents, arrangements and understand copies of the accounting required by the must" scoring system; some have a "5- ings shall not contain provisions of nature State authorities where the Federal Commis must"; some have a round-by-round sys which the Commission has determined to sion finds that the standards of state regula tem; some, like New York, combine round be contrary to the best interests of profes tion are at least equal to those imposed by by-round with a 4-point system. And even sional boxing and the best interests of the the federal statutes and the rules and regu in so basic a boxing requisite as gloves, public. Finally, the Commission is author lations promulgated under it. there is a variance in types used, with gloves ized to prescribe and issue regulations with Where there is no state regulation or in that are outlawed in some States being ac regard to the promotion, conduct and cover adequate state regulation, the requirement cepted in others. age of covered boxing matches. of a federal license and an accounting to the A Federal Commission could also seek t o The legislation provides criminal penalties Federal Commission is necessary to combat bring about uniformity in medical examina for violations of the provisions of the Act evils which the Congress has found to exist tion and medical standards to prevent the and orders of the Commission. It further au in professional boxing. We are convinced, as present distressing conditions which permits thorizes the Commission to issue orders pro I have stated, that there is a need in pro a fighter medically rejected in one State to hibiting the holding, or coverage, or both, fessional boxing for supervision which crosses perform in another. of boxing matches in connection with which state lines and the licensing of persons by A Federal Commission could encourage the the Commission has determined provisions the federal government connected with cov furthering of such long-standing traditions of this legislation or the Commission's or ered boxing matches in order to assure the as championship defenses within six months ders have been violated or where there exists observance of appropriate standards in the against worthy challengers and it could help reasonable grounds to believe that a pro conduct of these matches and to prevent in set up a pension fund for retired or ailing posed covered boxing match will be in any sofar as possible. collusion and other criminal boxers. way affected by bribery, collusion, inten activity which adversely affect the integrity Through its licensing powers it could keep tionally losing, extortion, racketeering, or of professional boxing. undesirables from entering the boxing busi the use of unlawful threats, coercion, intimi We are particularly pleased with the pro ness and it could prevent fly-by-night pro dation or violence. vision in HR 8635 which requires the licens moters from "setting up shop" for one-shop Finally, the , ommission may by order pro ing of individuals and corporations who vent ures. hibit the coverage in the United States of undertake to transmit by closed circuit tele In contrast to the situation in other any boxing match proposed to be held out cast professional contests held outside of sports which are opposed to the concept of side the United States if it finds that such New York State a group of promoters over Federal supervision; it has become painfully match would, if held within the United which we have no jurisdiction. apparent that boxing's decline and fall can States, be a covered boxing match, and that In conclusion, because of the material be halted only by the Congress. Those of there exists reasonable grounds to believe brought out in the hearings before the House us who are genuinely interested in the that such match is to be held outside the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Com preservation of this industry appeal for re United States in order to avoid compliance merce from July 6th through 8th, 1965, and medial legislation on the Federal level. with the provisions of the Act intended to our own experience, we find ourselves in Boxing is a sport that deserves to be saved. protect the best interests of professional It is world-wide in its appeal and it knows boxing and the best interests of the public. agreement with the general approach and objectives of HR 8635. We support the bill, no boundaries of race, rellgion, nationalit y, Section 15 of the bill specifically safe although we would prefer to see an amend social status, wealth, education, or physical guards the continued exercise by any state ment along the lines suggested. size. It asks only a measure of specialized or local boxing commission or other agency athletic ability and a sincerity of purpose. of any of its powers, duties, or functions Proper supervision can help in the rehabili with respect to the regulation or supervision MR. HARRY MARKSON, PRESIDENT, MADISON tation and restoration of boxing as a glam of professional boxing or professional box SQUARE GARDEN BoXING, INc. orous and glorious sports activity in this ing matches or any aspect of the coverage Madison Square Garden Boxing believes country. thereof. It reads as follows: that boxing-honest, wholesome, competi ":NONINTERFERENCE WITH STATE BOXING tive boxing-is a part of and belongs in the STATEMENT BY PETER HELLER AUTHORITIES mainstream of American sports. Boxing has (Writer-editor-producer, ABC-TV News; Col made innumerable contributions to the umnist, Boxing Illustrated magazine; In "Sec. 15. Nothing in this Act shall prohibit sports tradition of this nation and it would spector, New York State Athletic Commis any board, commission, or other agency, cre be regrettable i! it were allowed to pass trom. sion: Author ot the forthcoming Simon & ated by or pursuant to the law of any State the national scene. But Federal legislation Schuster boxing book, "The Fighting or political subdivision thereof, Common is desirable if the sport is to prosper. Champions.") wealth, or possession of the United States Past events have demonstrated conclusively Gentlemen, thank you for the opportunity from exercising any of its powers, duties or that State Commissions, however efficient to express my views regarding a National junctions with respect to the regulation or they may be, cannot cope with problems Boxing Commissioner. I want to point out supervision of professional boxing or pro arising from the interstate nature of our that these are my views, and not in any way fessional boxing matches or ccny aspect of the industry. Boxers, managers, promoters barred those of ABC, or the New York State Ath coverage thereof." for good and sufficient reasons in one juris- letic Commission. November 30, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39217 I strongly favor the concept of a Federal to provide this mobility than with scholar 'We had an idea of going through With Oommlssloner to supervise boxing on a na ships in boxing, enabling young men to learn (by next) fight, and (then) going some tional level. Despite the beliefs of many un to box while getting an education they other where else. You know-let them Win the informed. people, boxing is not dead. But i~ wise couldn't atrord? title, cause I was already on my way out. is, I believe, in need. of change, and an in And, yes, a National Comm1ssioner is Pick up fifty thousand plus the purse. Some formed, imaginative, and innovative Na needed-as in other sports-to pollee boxing. body in Philadelphia . . . we were supposed tional Commissioner can, and should, play It's a fact that fixes have been a part o! the to go to Philadelphia. I don't even know who a major role in lending direction to that game. They go back to the days of Jim cor we were going to fight. rn be truthful With change. bett and .Joe Gans. They may be virtually you." We no longer have as much boxing in the non-existent today, at least in the big-time. A world champion !rom the 193o•s told me U.S. as we once did. But anyone who follows well-supervised boxing centers. But a Na this story of a proposed fixed title fight: the interest surrounding a heavyweight title tional Commissioner is needed. to make sure "I was supposed. to take a dive, to tell you fight in New York, or looks at the gate re that boxing is free of fixes and other collu the truth. I didn't want to do it, but my ceipts for a bantamweight championship sion. I have crossed the country this past manager and racketeers, they wanted me to fight in Los Ang~les can't say boxing is dead. year from New England to California inter ta.ke a dive. It was supposed to be a title Just this year, the gate and television re viewing former world champions for a box fight." ceipts from the Frazier-Ellis contest and the ing book I'm writing for Simon and Schus Q. You were supposed to lose the title? Ali-Quarry bout serve as further proof of the ter. I've been asked to present some first A. Yeah ... na.tionwide and worldwide interest in boxing. hand information. So here then, !rom the Q. Was your manager in With the racke And the projected receipts and already-grow hours of taped. conv~rsatlons I have had, are teers? ing interests in the proposed showdown be some first-person accounts of fixes--hope A. He was one of the biggest racketeers ..• tween Joe Frazier and Muhammad Ali dem fully to serve to emphasize the need to have my manager wanted me to buy (my oppo onstrates further how healthy boxing can be a Commissioner to see that they play no part nent's) contract, so it would be him and when all the ingredients are right. Boxing's in boxing's future. me business managers of my opponent.) I detractors say the days of Dempsey, Tunney, (Tape insert: P. T. story-1940's; Bat Bat was supposed to throw the title, but I was and Louis, Walker, Leonard, Ross and Arm talino--1920's; Charley Phil Rosenberg- disqualified ..• strong are gone. That's true. But the fact is 1920's; Jake LaMotta-1940's; and Don Former world middleweight champion that today there are men like Emile Griffith, Jordan-1959.) Jake LaMotta 1949-51 told of how he threw Dick Tiger, Muhammad All, Ruben Olivares a fight in order to get a shot at the title: And finally, we come to what it's all about, and Ismael Laguna, who would have been "I purposely lost a fight to Billy Fox be standouts in any era. So boxing is far from after an-money. And this is one of the main cause they promised me that I would get a reasons we need a Federal Commissioner. So dead. But boxing is, in many ways, in a state shot to fight for the title if I did ... I n~ver of near-chaos. And this is why I believe it that boxing can. at last, have what it so had a manager ... I wouldn't trust nobody. needs competent federal supervision. A Na desperately needs: a national pension fund I deserved a chance at the title, but because tional Commissioner is needed so that boxers for retired boxers. Every other major sport I had nobody to represent me, the right kind such as one I ca.me across in the record from baseball and football on down have of people, so they say, I did things on my book-and there are many just like him one--except boxing. Why? It is long overdue. own. I was uncrowned champ :for five years. A pension fund could provide, at least in a with a record of 5 wins and 29losses are given modest way, the security that all too many Nobody wanted to fight me, so I thought this some close scrutiny before they are allowed. older fighters, I have seen first-hand, need was the only way I could get a chance. I to enter the ring as nothing more than men as had to lose the fight, which I never wanted in their later years, when the public has tor on whom other boxers build up their records. gotten about them. Boxing needs a pension to do but I was only a kid and thought this Boxing in America needs someone to unify fund because fighters. who go into the sport was the way you had to do it. Later on it a system of scoring for boxing, which ne exploiting, a posi working poor______81 [From the Washington Daily News, tion of strength. c. Lowering the voting age to 18------38 Nov. 26, 1970] "The oosts of protection are real, not d. Draft deferments for students______31 imaginary; these costs can be very high; and THE PRICE OF PRO'l:ECTION e. Establishing an all-volunteer army__ 44 we may be temporarily protecting our less !. A national health insurance program_ 45 Congress might as well turn loose an anny efficient industries at the permanent ex g. Automatic social security benefit in- of picK:pockets in the land as pass a for~ign pense of the more progressive seetors of our creases as the cost of living index trade blll that slaps restrictive import econ0111y," McLaren said. goes UP------67 quotas on shoes and clothing. h. Creation of a new federal department Yet that is what Congress apparently in With jurisdiction over all aspects of tends to do unless the American consumer enVironmental quality______35 (remember him?) soon makes himself llea.rYoviding with its loan of organization serves. He has labored diU capabilities and resources, we're confident of which became the vehicle for St. Louis' gently on behalf of his people and his achieving our goal of industrial growtn great civic revival and a model for Pitts community. within the black community. More than burgh and numerous other cities to Mr. Jackson's actions, in this partic that, we regard this as a stan on which we follow. ular effort, have been mirrored by the can build a solid pattern of future oppor When the ordinance was being drafted far-sighted executiv.es at AlcoaJ who tunities to achieve individual and collective and put into effect, those who were de have matched with deeds rather than stability within the eeonolnic framework." to In a similar vein State Represenative K. termined restore sunlight to the city rhetoric, the work of the Blaek Front. Leroy Irvl.s, House Majority Leader and UBF of St. Louis were often ridiculed as 1: hope tnat this economic union is a board membe?, commented: visionaries and impractical idealists who productive one and one which leads more "This new venture could be the nucleus of would destroy St. Louis as an industrial minority-owned businesses. This is an a major aluminum fabricating operation and center. The very opposite happened. area that big business knows best and an should provide expanded opportunities for Thus, while Ray Tucker went on to earn area that it can make lasting contribu black Industry which could very well be the an even greater reputation as a three tions, not only with short term capital basis for economic stablity. What Is needed term mayor of St. Louis, during which but by lending on a sustained basis the is this opportunity to attain exp-erience. We honestly feel the Wylie Centre 'Industries time he led the way toward urban re economic know-how that have made project will fill i;hat need. I'm confidently newal of our downtown area, many of their own corporation great. looking forward to future accomplishments us will always think of him first as the I would like to put in the RECORD the by the United Black Front." Nation's first successful administrator of announcement of the Alcoa-United As Alcoa's spokesxnan, Mr. Mathewson said air pollution control. Black Front a.greement. he shared the enthusiasm and complimented Many Members of Congress will recall UNITED BLACK FRoNT TAKES GllNT STEP Mr. Jackson and his aides for i;heir patieni; Ray Tucker's frequent -appearances be IN PITTSBURGH cooperation an.l willingness to accept chal lenge in a business completely new to them. fore House and Senate committees as a PITTsBURGH, PA.. November 12, 1970.-The "Such attitudes," he .said "are essential to spokesman for the Nation's cities on United Black Front and Aluminum Company success. I feel confident we will achieve national legislation. He was always a o! America today jointJ.y announced an it together." good witness, because he knew the tech ·agreement to !ann a Pittsburgh manufactur ing concern to be owned, nt.anaged and oper nical facts and he was able to articulate ated by nlinority members of the community. them clearly and understandably. This The new venture, Wylle Cent.re Industries, skill undoubtedly came from his dis tin Inc., initially will employ 12 to 15 people in ST. LOUIS MOURNS FORMER MAYOR guisbed career as an educator at Wash one-shift production of aluminum nails ln a RAYMOND R. TUCKER, PIONEER ington University, where he taught in the single-story bufidlng at 3228 Penn Avenue. IN AIR POLLUTION CONTROL AND school of engineering both before and Alcoa will lease, far one dollar, nail-making URBAN RENEWAL after his political career. and auxiliary supporting equipment repre senting a quarter-Inilllon dollar Investment, .EDIT01UAL EULOGIES and also will provide the marketing expertise HON. LEONOR K. SULLIVAN The St. Louis Globe-Democrat con and production and management training for OF liiUSSOURI cluded a highly laudatory editorial on the undertaking. Ray Tucker with these sentences, which IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES Equipping of the plant an d the beginning I think everyone in St. Louis would agree of production will get underway as soon AS Monday., November 30, 1970 an application has been processed and a loan with: guaranteed by the Small Business Adminis Mrs. SULLIVAN• .Mr. Speaker, one of Complete integrity was something Ray tration. Pre.seni; plans call for installing the outstanding figures of American Tucker took for granted as part of his con machinery in January and starting nail pro municipal governmentJ former St. Louis tribution to publlc service, and so did every duction ln February. Mayor Raymond Roche Tucker, who one who knew him. Formation of Wylie Centre Industries, The community mourns his death. And its which cu1m1nattl.s montb.s of planning and combined successful careers in education, people willingly would write as his epitaph: search for a suitable site, was proposed to engineering, and politics during a pro Raymond Tucker, one of the most effective Alcoa by Clyde Jackson, executive director of ductive and humane lifespan of 74 years, mayors and respected public leaders St. Louis United Black Front. UBF, headquartered in died last Monday night, leaving our city has ever had. the city's Hill District, is an organization and the whole Nation deeply in his debt. dedicated to the improvement of job oppor This is the man who proved to our city, The St. Louis Post-Dispatch said, in tunities for blaek entrepreneurship. and to all of our cities, that municipal part: Interim presHlent of the company will be smoke control could work effectively to The three Tucker administrations in City D. c. "Pete• Mathewson, an Alcoa caYeer man remove the '-'midnight at noon" darkness Hall constitute a standard by which all of wii;h 30 years of broad experience In operat his successors in the mayoralty can be ing technology, management, and 'training from our great centers of industrial measured. Under his leadership, vast both here and overseas. The concern initially production. stretches of the city were rebuilt. • • • Bet will be managed by a five-man board of St. Louis led the way more than 30 ter than $110,000,000 in public improvements directors representing Alooa and United years ago to smoke control, and Ray were installed in the largest such construc Front, Inc., a subsidiary corporation of "UBF. Tucker, as the city'~ .first smoke commis tion program in the city's long history. The Pittsburg National Bank will be the 1ending sioner. was the man who accomplished Mayor's ab111ty to attract the two-thirds ma agency. jorities necessary for authorization of so huge In addition to Its lease of 18-high-speed the unprecedented and vastly difficult a spending scheme rested on the public con nail making machines and equipment for technical feat., under the leadership uf fidence elicited by his scrupulous handling of cleaning, painting, applying washers and another great mayor, Bernard F. Dick public affairs. packing and shipping finished products, Alcoa mann, later our Postmaster, who has also will back the fledging company by been the father of the Jefferson National Mr. Speaker, I will insert the full text Initially utilizing at least 60 percent of the Expansion Memorial and the magnificent of these two nne editorials at the conclu output through its own internal marketing Gateway Arch, and whose political cour sion of my remarks, along with several channels. age as mayor made it possible !or Smoke news accounts of his passing containlng Beyond this Alcoa will train employes in Commissioner Tucker to make air pollu extensive biographical material. Many both production and management and pro mayors have served with distinction in vide engineer!~. purchasing and accounting tion control effective. services. Such assistance is expected to end. ORIEDITORIALS AND OBITUARIES tracted national attention and touched not Alfonso J. Cervantes, the present mayor, Following, Mr. Speaker, are the full only downtown and M111 Creek, at its height defeated Mr. Tucker in his final political the largest urban redevelopment program in campaign. texts of the editorials I have referred the United States, but the neighborhoods as After his return to the Washington Uni to, and the obituaries in our two daily well. Better than $110,000,000 in public im versity staff in 1965, Mr. Tucker taught newspapers. provements were installed in the largest such classes in architecture, law, political science First, the editorial from the St. Louis const ruction program in the city's long his and sociology. tory. The Mayor's abilit y to attract the two Globe-Democrat of Wednesday morn FAREWELL SPEECH ing, November 25 , 1970: thirds m a jorities necessary for authorization of so huge a spending scheme :ested on the In the former Mayor's farewell address to FINE CIVIC LEADER-RAYMOND R. TUCKER public confidence elicited by his scrupulous the Board of Aldermen on March 26, 1965, Few men in a community's history have, handling of public affairs. after h is defeat in the March 9 primary elec through their dedicated leadership and un Mr. Tucker personally solved the engineer tion, he told the aldermen: "We have to swerving purpose, done as much to change ing problem of the riverfront train tun nel, gether worked out the biggest program of the face and spirit of their city as Raymond which paved the way for construction of the capital improvements in the history of our R. Tucker, during his three terms as mayor Gateway Arch and the whole downtown re city, with benefits to every section of the of St. Louis. birth that it stimulated. But he was more community." Under his administrations, the whole than a builder and administrator. He was a He praised the aldermen for their co-oper structure of a decaying downtown was re political leader in the highest meaning of at ion and did not mention the sometimes vitalized with the monumental Arch, the the term. He stopped the neighborhood-de bitter opposition to some of his programs. towering new buildings and stadium com stroying device of spot-zoning that had be Mr. Tucker noted that in his 12 years as plex at the riverfront. come a routine feature of almost every alder mayor laws on civil rights and air pollution He would have been the last to assume manic meeting; he brought sanity to a traffic control had been approved. Rebuilding down the credit, and in fact many influential fig program in which the aldermen had installed town St. Louis had begun. ures of the community were vitally instru more stop signs than in any city in the In recent years, he and his family had mental in renewing the downtown area. country, and by quiet persistence he led the lived quietly, away from the center stage But Ray Tucker was a driving, deter aldermen to adopt civil rights ordinances where he had been for most of his adult life. mined factor in reshaping his city's facade covering fair employment, fair housing and ENTERED PUBLIC LIFE IN 1934 to modern new beauty. He was in the fore equal access to public accommodations that Mr. Tucker had extensive experience in front of every move to redevelop the city at the time made St. Louis unique among affairs of municipal government before he grown down at the heels, fast drifting into the nation's major cities. The Tucker civil became Mayor in 1953. rights legacy may well have been why St. desuetude. His introduction to public life was in 1934 Even before Mr. Tucker became Mayor he Louis avoided the racial troubles that afflicted when he left Washington University, where was the key engineer in one of the big Detroit, Newark, Cleveland and oth er trou bled cities. he was associate professor of mechanical en gest benefactions this city of "diurnal gineering, to serve as secretary to Mayor Ber night" had long suffered. He was the fa Some of his admirers argue that h is defeat nard F. Dickmann. ther of the smoke abatement law that rid the in the Democratic primary in 1965 grew out Three years later he took over direction of community of a sooty plague such as mod of his failure to assume control of the party the smoke elimination campaign. The as ern-day ecologists may hardly imagine. apparatus earlier in his career, and they may signment as the city's first commissioner Raymond Tucker was a professor turned well be right. But that was not his way. His preference was for direct consultation of smoke regulation was "the toughest" of politician-an official whom the politicians It with his people, and he was fait hful to it t o his career, he said in later years. was a mistrusted. He would not make trades at the very end. job of public education as well as law en the expense of superior public administra forcement, and Mr. Tucker convinced busi tion. He was elected by going over the heads Following, Mr. Speaker, are news ar nessmen and householders that elimination of the organized Democratic appara tus and ticles from both of our daily newspapers was not just an ideal, but a practical possi always preserved his independence. which outline the scope of Ray Tucker's bility. For years he taught in the School of He filled other posts under Dickmann. He Engineering at Washington University before many achievements in public life and served as director of public safet y. He was entering public service. He was brilliant in his high reputation as a citizen and a a member of the commission that wrote and his field and did a great amount of consult human being: won adoption of the civil service amend ing work before he exchanged the classroom (St. Louis Post-Dispatch, Nov. 24, 1970] ment. He was secretary of a citizen's com lectern for the mayor's desk at Cit y Hall. FORMER MAYOR TuCKER DIES mittee that made an intensive study of the Not a single political foe-and no man city's finances and recommended steps to can long serve major office without making Raymond R. Tucker, the former Mayor of improve efficiency of the municipal govern some political enemies-ever cast personal St. Louis who led the start of the city's down ment. or officia l blemish upon the Tucker st eward town building renewal, died last night at When the late Mayor William Dee Becker ship in St. Louis. Barnes Hospital. He was born in St. Louis succeeded Dickmann, Mr. Tucker served an on Dec. 4, 1896. Complete int egrity was somet hing Ray other period as smoke commissioner. In 1941 Tucker took for gl"anted as part of his con Mr. Tucker entered the hospital Nov. 9 he returned to Washington University to tribution to public service, and so did every after experiencing breathing difficulties and head the department of mechanical engi one who knew h im. was placed in an intensive care unit. The neering, but ·11hile teaching he maintained The community mourns his deat h. And its cause of his death could not be learned. an active interest in civic affairs. In 1949 he people willingly would write as his epitaph: The former Mayor died at 10:05 p .m. At became chairman of a board of freeholders Raymond Tucker, one of the most effect! ve his bedside when he died were his wife, Mrs. elected to draw up a new city charter. The mayors and respected public leaders St. Louis Edythe Leiber Tucker; their daughter, Mrs. charter was not adopted. has ever had. Joan Marie Doxsee, and her husband, Leigh When development of a civil defense agen A. Doxsee, Jr. cy for St. Louis bogged down in 1951, the Next, Mr. Speaker, the editorial re Completion of funeral arrangements was late Mayor Joseph M. Darst asked Mr. Tucker ferred to from the St. Louis Post-Dis delayed until the arrival today of Mr. and to take on the assignment. For two years Mr. patch later the same day, November 25: Mrs. Tucker's son, John, from his home at Tucker served as director of civil defense Greenwich, Conn. Surviving also is the RAYMOND R. TuCKER while carrying on his work at the univer former Mayor's brother, Dr. William J. sity. In a sense, Raymond R . Tucker never left Tucker, a physician at Ashland, Wis. the classroom, and St. Louis is the better for DECIDES TO RUN FOR MAYOR it. His conviction that the people make the LUNG REMOVED In 1953, physicians advised Mayor Darst to right choices once they are aware of the facts Mr. Tucker first suffered serious health retire and the Mayor asked Mr. Tucker to led him time and again to consult the citi problems from respiratory difficulties in 1961 run as his successor. It was not easy to give zens directly rather than to operate in po when he developed a malignancy of one lung. up teaching and engineering, and it took litical back rooms and through regular party He underwent removal of the lung. A hospital some time for Mr. Tucker to make up his organizations. These consultations on public spokesman said today Mr. Tucker had de mind. The delay had the effect of precipitat issues invariably became exercises in educat veloped a malignancy in the remaining lung. ing a bitter primary election fight among ing the public; and they were as honest, as Mr. Tucker was politician, engineer, edu leaders of the Democratic party. straightforward and as free of gimmickry and cator and civil servant. He was the city's When Darst announced that he would not calculated hard sell was his whole political first smoke commissioner and directed civil run again, the politicians got busy at once, life. defense for St. Louis while a member of the recognizing the importance of getting a The three Tucker administrations in City Washington University faculty. strong candidate to head the city ticket. By Hall constitute a standard by which all of his He returned to Washington University in the time Mr. Tucker decided to run, most of successors in the mayoralty can be measured. 1965 as professor of urban affairs after an the Democratic leaders were committed to Under his leadership, vast stretches of the unsuccessful campaign for a fourth four-year Mark Eagleton, a former president of the city were rebuilt. The civic renaissance at- term as mayor. Board of Police Commissioners. November 30, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39227
With more than three-fourths of the ward RELATIONS IMPROVE a strong administrator who started St. Louis leaders lined up behind Eagleton, Mr. Tucker During his second term as Mayor, the re on the way back. turned to citizen's groups for support. Civic, lationship between Mr. Tucker and the alder "My wife and I join jn extending con business, neighborhood and women's orga men underwent a quiet but far-reaching dolences to his family and our city, which nizations rang doorbells for Mr. Tucker, while change. A liaison was established with al benefited greatly from his leadership." the old-line politicians instructed their pre dermanic leaders who were consulted on im August A. Busch Jr., president of Anheu cinct workers to get out every possible vote portant problems, especially those relating ser-Busch and the baseball Cardinals: "I was for Eagleton. to appropriation and tax measures. The ex chairman of the board of Civic Progress dur Almost 107,000 votes were cast in the pri ecutive and legislative branches finally be ing the entire administration of Mayor mary. Mr. Tucker received 54,200 votes and gan to function as a team. Tucker. won the nomination by a margin of less than Most members of the Democratic City "Few people knew him better and few 1700. Central Committee acknowledged Mayor knew of his great talent for administration In the election three weeks later, there Tucker's popularity and supported him in and leadership, and his absolute devot ion was a landslide for Mr. Tucker, who received the 1957 municipal elections. On this occa to every segment of this community. His 144,000 votes and won by a record majority sion, Mr. Tucker's campaign committee made integrity was a byword whenever his name of 62,000. political history after the campaign by re wa.s mentioned. He has set an example that MAKES DmECT APPEALS turning to donors about 11 per cent of their few will be able to achieve." individual gifts, or a total of $7300. Donald Gunn, probate judge and former As Mayor, Mr. Tucker appealed directly President of the Board of Aldermen, said: to the citizenry for support in his efforts to PROGRESS GAINS ATTENTION "Ray Tucker was a man of great integrity solve problems that had plagued St. Lou1s Progress in St. Louis under the Tu-cker ad and great courage. He was a fine administra for years. ministration sky rocketed. Industrial devel tor and had a deep knowledge of govern Citizen assistance was asked in getting opment, urban redevelopment, neighborhood ment, but most of all he was objective in the Legislature to reauthorize the municipal renewal ana municipal reconstruction were his decisions. He always put the City of St. earnings tax. Business and banking leaders emphasized by Mr. Tucker. Projects ad Louis ahead of himself and others. I am called on associates throughout Missouri to vanced included redevelopment of the Plaza proud to have been his friend and I cherish cooperate as the new Mayor went all over area, clearance of the Mill Creek slum for that friendship deeply." the state to enlist the support of legislators. redevelopment, rehabilitation programs on a Aloys P. Kaufman, mayor from 1943 to When the Legislature met, the necessary number of old neighborhoods, plans for a 1949: "Mayor Tucker was a charming, self enabling act was passed. downtown sports stadium and rehabilitation less, competent, dedicated person. His terms The project for development of the Jeffer of the downtown riverfront. of office closely paralleled my service as Pres son National Expansion Memorial had been NARROW ESCAPE IN PRIMARY ident of the Chamber of Commerce, and it stalled for many years when Mayor Tucker was a pleasure and honor to work with him led citizen groups to Washington and got Mayor Tucker was re-elected for a third on many civic projects. His achievements are the Federal Government to reactivate the term by a substantial majority, but had a too numerous to recount here but they are project. narrow escape in the primary, when he won many. He was truly a loyal, distinguished Smarting under the defeat they had suf renominat!on by a margin of only about 1200 son of St. Louis and his record speaks for fered at Mayor Tucker's hands in the 1953 votes. The close vote 1n the primary was at itself." primary, Democratic leaders long boycotted tribu~ tv overeonfidence on the part of his the Mayor's office. This enabled the Mayor supporters and to an unexpectedly large turnout of persons with grievances against [From the St. Louis Globe-Democrat, Nov. 25, to fill administrative jobs with officials who 1970] had no obligation to ward leaders. the city administration. His career of public service brought him FORMER MAYOR TuCKER FUNERAL MASS Liaison between the executive and the leg TONIGHT islative branches of the city government suf many honors, inclucling Doctor of law de fered as a result of this situation. Aldermen, grees from St. Louis and Washington Uni Funeral mass for former St. Louis Mayor highly responsive to ward committeemen, versities and the presidency of the American Raymond R. Tucker will be at 8 p.m. Wednes permitted important oivic measures to gather Municipal Association. day at Sts. Mary and Joseph Catholic Church, dust in committee. Some of these measures In 1956 h~ was presented with the St. 6304 Minnesota ave. Services will be followed ultimately were enacted, but only after pro Louis A WB.l'd for "going far beyond the usual by private entombment. longed delays and the mobilization of citizen obligations of his office" in making this a Mr. Tucker, who would have been 74 Dec. 4, pressure. better city by rallying citizens to public died at Barnes Hospital at 10:06 p .m. Mon The aldermen enacted numerous "spot causes. This was the first time tha-t a mayor day after being hospitalized Nov. 9 for con zoning" ordinances and authorized erection had '>een selected for the award. Mayor Tuck gestive heart failure. of many unneeded stop signs. When the er turned the $1000 prize over to St. Louis He is survived by his wife Mary Edythe Mayor vetoed these measures, the aldermen and Washington Universities, which used the Leiber; a daughter, Mrs. Leigh A. Doxsee Jr.; money for awards in government essay con a son, John Thomas; a brother, Dr. William J. consistently overrode the vetoes, often with tests. out any discussion of the objections from of Ashland, Wis., and eight grandchildren. the Mayor's office. Mr. Tucker was born in St. Louis, the son The grandchildren are Army Pvt. Leigh Tucker Doxsee; Judith Doxsee; Deborah Dox Mayor Tucker stood this for a time, but of the late William J. and Ellen Roche finally began fighting. Personally addressing Tucker. His father was a heating contractor see; Patricia Tucker. Timothy Tucker, Susan and former city smoke inspector. Tucker, John Thomas Tucker and Elizabeth the Board of Aldermen, he bluntly accused Tucker. members of creating "blight by ordinance" After attending public and parochial schools the son obtained his B.A. degree The family requested that contributions and of "formalizing our own decay." from St. Louis University 1n 1917 and his be made to the Tucker Memorial Fund of The otrained relationship between the ad B.S. in mechanical engineering at Washing Washington University, where he was on the ministrative and legislative branches con ton University in 1920. faculty. Contributions should be sent to the tinued to hamper the administration's pro He worked for a time as a safety engineer university. gram. The Mayor urged election of a board with Alununum Ore Co., then became an as Mr. Tucker served three terms as mayor, of freeholders to modernize the city charter, sociate professor at Washington University from 1953 to 1965, but was defeated for a but the aldermen stalled month after month. in 1921. Two years la.ter he re-entered the fourth term when he lost the Democratic Only when the Mayor set out to bypass the business world and was associa-ted with an nomination in the March, 1965, primary. aldermen and organized a citizens• group to oil company and an oil burner firm. In 1927 In June, 1961, while he was still in office, circulate petitions for a referendum on the he returned to his professorship. his right lung was removed because of election did the board finally pass an en In 1928 he married Miss Edythe Leiber. cancer. abling ordinance. The Mayol" lived wt 6451 Vermont avenue in In his last illness, fiu1d had accumulated in his remaining lung. CHARTER REVISION FAILED the modest house that has been the Tucker During his 12 years in office, Mr. Tucker After a year's work, the freeholders pre family home since 1908. spearheaded the revitalization of downtown sented to the voters a new charter proposal St. Louis with a $110 million bond issue in calling for reorganization of municipal de CERVANTES, OTHER LEADERS PAY TRIBUTES 1955. partments and the city's legislative body. TO TuCKER After his defeat in 1965, Mr. Tucker, who Threatened with loss of jobs and consider Tributes to former Mayor Raymond R. had been on the faculty of the School of able patronage, politicians conducted an in Tucker were paid today by his successor, Engineering at Washington University, re tensive campaign of opposition and defeated Mayor Alfonso J. Cervantes, and other public turned to the university as professor of urban the charter proposal. officials and civic leaders. affairs and lecturer in political science. Mayor Tucker then moved to modernize Mr. Tucker was a Knight of St. Gregory, Mayor Cervantes said: "The community one of the highest honors for Catholic lay the governmental structure as much as pos has suffered a serious loss in the death of men. sible by ordinance. The aldermen enacted Ray Tucker. His contributions to the com bllis streamlining some or the city depart Mayor Alfonso J. Cervantes, who defeated munity were twofold. As a.n educator, he Mr. Tucker in the 1965 primary, Tuesday or ments. A series of charter amendments fol prepared young men well in the field o.f dered flags on all municipal bu1ldings flown lowed. engin~ring. As a public official, he became at half staff in honor of Mr. Tucker. 39228 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 30, 1970 LENZNER AND POLITICAL REALITY Senate last -year but restored by the House see prosperity coming 'round the mountain under Rumsfeld's urging. to the hard, misty highlands o! Appalachia. Consequently, Rumsfeld was appalled at It was the Presidential campaign season of HON. JOHN WOLD the New Orleans offi.ce of NOLAC. For ex 1960 and John F. Kennedy had just com OF WYOMING ample, a legal services fellow connected with mitted himself and the Federal Goverment NOLAC was an attorney-of-record defending IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to undertake the greatest regional economic SDS demonstrators. Further, NOLAC sought recovery scheme ever attempted in the Monday, November JO, 1970 to obtain circulation at Louisiana State Uni United States. versity of a pornographic underground news Hopes were high. . In this bypassed land of Mr. WOLD. Mr. Speaker, the contro paper (a recent copy of which co.ntains a versey involving the legal services of the isolated valleys and hollows, with an area nude cartoon of President Nixon amid other and population equal to those of California, Office of Economic Opportunity is the indecencies). The recently resigned NOLAC life was bone-poor and hungry, as stagnant subject of a column by Rowland Evans director, Richard Buckley, says: "Legal serv.. as the coal industry, or in the mountain and Robert Novak. Writing in the Wash ices exist for the redistribution of wealth phrase, as "black as a wolf's mouth." ington Post of November 30, the column and power." In the decades since then an extraordi ists explore- legal services practices in When Rumsfeld sent investigators to New nary effort-a policy of favoritism to over Orleans, Lenzner denounced it as political come prior neglect unmatched in American the context of the "Federal law barring interference. Tension was also higfi when antipoverty Iegal services from eriminal history-has brought some $7-billion in pub Rumsfeld probed legal services in Los An lic investment into the 13-state Appalachian cases," and note that the new Director geles to state enrpfclyees eannng $11,000- region. of OEO, former Congressman Donald $15,000 and in Dallas to an underground But for hundreds of thousands, perhaps a Rumsfeld,. "since taking over in 1969 newspaper. the Dallas N.ates, enjoined from million of the poor in the nm-ly impen has been guiding it-Iegal services-back publication because of obscenity. etrable ridgelands of Kentucky and West to the original congressional intent of The Dallas case is illustrative. Using fed VIrginia, opportunity is still like the rider eral funds intended to help the poor" legal oC the six white horses in the old mountain helping poor people." services there defended the underground Director Rumsfeld is doing a highly song: perpetually comin~ "when she comes." publisher, Brent Lasalle Stein, 27 son of a It was for them that the program was commendable iob of redirecting the pro rich Dallas merchant. "It seems to' me that's conceived. And yet 10 year& later they re: grams of OEO to conform to the man the kind of. activity necessary to insure this main largely untouched by it, while to the date of Congress which created the kind ot: publication for the poor;• · says Frank north and south less impo-verished fringe agency, and his etiorts have drawn well Jones, fired as legal s.ervices deputy along areas are making signi:ficant economic earned praise from the columnists. with Lenzner. progress. Mr. Speaker, I include the Evans and In each of these cases, Rumsfeld felt Lenz Looking back over the accomplishments ner was dragging his heels by delaying action and failures o! the decade, Ralph R. Widner, Novak column, "Lenzner and Political against the violations.. The relationship rap,. Reality" in the RECORD with my remru:ks: executive director of the Appalachian Re.:. idly deteriorated between Rumsfeld and gional Commission, says that "any evalua. LENZNER AND POLITICAL REALITY Lenzner, a. bl'ight. former Justice Department tion must begin with humility." Deeply embedded roots of the furioua de civil righ-ts lawyer who was Rumsfeld's first "There are still millions- ot people in Ap bate over legal services in the government's senior staff appointment in 1969. palachia who do not have access to a good antipoverty program are found in a Sept-. 15 The final straw came Nov. 16, when Lenz.. education, or to decent health, or to an police raid in New Orleans on the National ner telegraphed the New Orleans office ex adequate job, and who still lfve below a level Committee to Combat Fascism (NCCF), a onerating it of wrongdoing. Antipoverty of acopetable income," he said. "From their Black Panther front specializing in police officials: say he acted in violation of explicit po:iilt of view, not very much has been ac baiting. orders from Rumsfeld. not to communicate complished to date." with New Orleans without first informing Present at NCCF headG.uarters was Rob Mr. Widner and other government ofil.cials ert Glass, a lawyer for the federally Rumsfeld; Lenzner told us flatly he received no such orders. responsible for the Appalachian program say funded New Orleans Legal Assistance Corp. that much of the "pay off" is still to come in (NOLAC), part of the national antipoverty Such nasty charges and countercharges the shape of new roads: and facilities to program. Questioned by police, Glass in will be aired before eager Democrat!<: sena tors at hearings soon begin. But the hear attract new factories and to provide better voked his client-lawyer relationship with the to schools to train workers. ings likely will miss the poignancy o! the NCCF. Subsequently, 12 NCCF members As evidence for their optimism, they cite charged with attempted murder, assault, and dispute. I! any program as naturally pro vocative as legal services for the poor is to the first fruits. of these benefits now appear other felonies were represented by NOLAC ing in rural counties of &ta.tes like New Yot:k lawyers. survive in Richard Nixon's Washington, it must be kept in check by a cool-headed poli and Georgia, which have not experienced Thus, taxpayer funds were used to defend the long deprivation of the Appalachian a violence-prone black extremist organiza tician, fending o1f uncompromising idealists. Failing to comprehend that political reality highlands and which, accordingly, have made tion. This clearly violated federal law bar a convincing start at economic recovery. ring antipoverty legal services from criminal put Terry Lenzner on his collision course with Rumsfeld. But the officially encouraging comparisons cases (as were 24 per cent of all NOLAC of these areas also emphasize the fact that cases) and violated federal policy requiring there are two Appalachias-the better-off these services to be used directly by the poor "suburbs" to the north and south and the and only the poor. steep, hillbilly "ghetto" here in the high Herein lies the ugly dispute tl:at surfaced APPALACHIAN PROBLEMS REMAIN lands. The comparisons raise questions about Nov. 19 when Donald Rumsfeld, President UNSOLVED why the boundaries of the region were Nixon's antipoverty czar, fired Terry F. Lenz drawn so generously that- its $7-billion in aid ner, 31, as head of the federal legal services has come to only $390 per man, woman and program. Rumsfeld insisted that the pro HON. LEE H. HAMILTON child over the last 10 yearf>. gram be tightly mofded to aiding the poor OF INDIANA The answer, officials say, is that the need in eviction and other tenant cases, welfare IN THE HOUSE. OF REPRESENTATIVES for sweeping, regional "scale" in planning, and consumer grievances, and school dis together with the need for Congressional putes. Lenzner envisioned a far broader· Monday, November 30, 1970 support, has frankly required some "log mandate encompassing r.eform of the whole rolling." Tbe addition of Mississippi, for ex system, not excluding support for Black Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, the fol lowing article by Ben A. Franklin of the ample, "was dictated largely by the fact that Panthers. Senator John Stennis of Mississippi is a The legal services fight is, in microcosm, New.York Times documents the frustra key member of the appropriations commit what's happening in the poverty program at tions that accompany regional economic tee," one official said. large. Since its: Great Society birth under recovery schemes. Mr. Franklin gives R. Sargent Shriver, the program has swarmed credence to the French proverb that "the DILUTION OF EFFORT SEEN with idealists, pushing political revolution. The result of the need to accommodate to Since taking over in 1969, ex-congressman more things change, the mere they re political realities, those erose to the pro Rumsfeld has- been guiding it back to the main the same" by noting that, in the gram concede, ·has been a dilution of effort. original congressional intent of helping poor case of the 10-year-old $7 billion Ap During the decade of the nineteen-sixties: people. - palachian recovery scheme, "The harsh Per capita income in alL of Appalachia. Indeed, anything more than that wo.ul.d est irony of all-may be that those who rose from 77 per cent to about 80 per cent not oo tolerated by a. conservative Repub needed help most never got it." I recom of the national average. lican administration and a hostile Congress. mend his article to my colleagues: But in the Appalachian portions of all but What- Lenzner failed to Understand is that faur states-New York, Pennsylvania, Mary Rumsfeld must control militant excesses or IN APPALACHXA: VAST AID, SCANT RELIEF land and South Carolina--per capita in risk congressional obliteration or- the anti (By Ben A. Franklin) comes are still 'Z5 per cent or less of the na poverty program-particularly its much HAZARD, KY., November 28.-0n a clear day tional figure. Per capita income :):tere in needed legal services, emasculated by tile here 10 years ago ~his fall, you could almost eastern Kentucky is still less than half the November 30, 1970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39229 national level, having climbed from 43 per pie dates to 1965, when Congressional strate taught him, and she can't read much her cent in 1959 to 48 per cent last year. gists in the Johnson Administration decided self." New factories and jobs, spurred by an then that Congress would not accept two Mrs. Powell is 27 years old and the mother enormous investment in road building, have antipoverty drives, one for Appalachia and of six children, none of whom is now going put 150,000 wage earners on payrolls that another national one under the Office of Eco to the county school system. did not exist in 1960. Economic recovery nomic Opportunity. As a result, the so-called In a bitter struggle with the county, the has restored 750,000 more to jobs. Altogether, "human resources" part of the A.R.C. pro parents of Coon Branch are boycotting both 6.6 million have work. gram was given to O.E.O. the one-room school and the school bus. The But unemployment figures here in hard The two agencies have scrapped bitterly bus comes up over a 14-mile back road to core Appalachia are still cruelly high, and since then. Many believe that these disputes avoid the shorter but badly rutted route they do not even reflect the plight of some have weakened the A.R.C. by disclosing that directly up the hollow. The school board 500,000 of the "disguised unemployed" its constituents here in many cases are the says the shorter route would wreck its buses. those who long ago gave up looking for same small town "Main Streeters"-mer The parents say the longer route is isolated work. Unemployment in Kentucky and West cha.nts, bankers, coal industry leaders and and unsafe in winter. Virginia fell from 11 and 8.4 per cent, re civic boosters-from whom the O.E.O.'s Violence has marked the dispute. Both the spectively, in 1961, when the national aver anitpoverty war has encouraged the poor to one-room High Nob school and a church used age was 6.7 per cent, to 7.5 and 5.5 per cent demand a better treatment. Some O.E.O. ac for informal classes by the boycotting stu last year, when the national figure was 3.5. tivists here see the Appalachian program dents have been burned to the ground at. But in two counties, the 1961 to 1969 un as chiefly a boon for the rich and for en night. Now a dozen children are being taught employment trend was up--from 11.4 to 16.6 trenched political interests. by college-trained volunteers in an Army sur per cent in Clay County, W. Va., and from With A.R.C. aid, a. 2,000-mile network of plus cook tent. The bus runs empty. 16.7 to 23.3 per cent in Magoffin County, so-called Appalachian development high Along the valley towns and roads, to which Ky. ways has been started and more than 240 transportation does not bring the youth of The population of the region has declined vocational schools and technical training Coon Branch, there are signs of the heavy by 1.4 million to under 18 million people. centers have been built. A total of 160,000 public investment dating from 1960. But The decline was one-third less than in the people have been prepared for modern jobs, many of the 300 open miles of the A.R.C.'s previous decade, but it has continued in the but thousands were "trained for export" be planned 2,000-mile network of "development Appalachian portions of Kentucky, West cause there were no local jobs open. highways" pass in many places through a Virginia, Ohio and Pennsylvania, according The A.R.C.'s strategy in Appalachia has right-of-way of poverty, like urban freeways to the 1970 census. been one of intensive public investment in over a ghetto. In an area with the highest school drop selected small-town "growth areas." It is By fording the Kentucky River in a coun out rates in the country-10 per cent higher frankly an application of "trickle-down try doctor's Volkswagen and crawling in first than the national average-and one