2008 Annual Report Charting Course » from the Secretary

Smithsonian Institution 2008 AnnuAl RePoRT CHARTinG CouRSe » From the Secretary

It is my great pleasure to introduce the Smithsonian’s achievements in 2008, the year that I became the 12th Secretary of the Smithsonian. I am privileged to arrive at the Institution at a moment of signifi cant opportunity, one in which we have begun to chart our course for the future with an ambitious strategic planning process that will outline the broad themes that are to guide our progress. We face a new era in which rapidly emerging technologies will enable us to leverage our considerable resources and talents more effectively than ever before. In so doing, we will reinforce the Smithsonian’s position as a world leader in research and discovery. As we shape the Institution for the 21st century, we will build upon the Smithsonian’s historic strengths: our incomparable collections in art, history, and nearly every branch of science; the rigorous research that fl ows from our collections; and the passion and expertise of a dedicated staff. These qualities, coupled with the Smithsonian’s collaborative spirit, will enable us to recruit distinguished partners and mount joint efforts to address the most complex issues of our day. This year’s annual report refl ects our abundant assets. Inside are stories of The Sant « eXAMininG THe PReSenT « inTeRPReTinG THe PAST » SHAPinG THe FuTuRe » Ocean Hall and Mars exploration that illustrate the vast arc of the Smithsonian’s scientifi c research. A retrospective look at baseball’s Negro Leagues highlights the Institution’s com- mitment to presenting the American experience from diverse perspectives, while cutting-edge art installations give us cultural impact and position us as an innovator in exhibitions. Our accelerating efforts to digitize our collections enhance scholarship and dramatically extend the Institution’s presence by making our holdings accessible from anywhere on the globe. We are fortunate to live in such opportune times. My work as Secretary is to help position the vast resources of this great Institution to meet the challenges and take full advantage of the opportunities we face as a nation and as inhabitants of Earth. As the coming year unfolds, we will share with you more details on our direction and priorities, but one thing is clear from the outset: without your support, we could not attempt the fi rst steps of this ambitious journey. I am grateful for your dedication to the Smithsonian, and I look forward to working with you as we chart the Smithsonian’s course.

G. Wayne Clough

BLOG WITH MUSEUM EXPERTS 58TRAVelinG eXHiBiTionS THE SMITHSONIAN IN 2008 24 As the world’s largest museum and research complex, the Smithsonian Institution embraces the Million ReSeARCH in MuSeuM trust and responsibility that comes with its stature. Endowed by James Smithson and created by an ViSiToRS act of Congress in 1846, the Smithsonian is dedicated to the increase and diffusion of knowledge.

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CHARTING COURSE »

22 The Year at a Glance: 2008 Highlights 27 Charting a Bold Future: The Smithsonian in the 16 21st Century 31 Board of Regents Report Shaping 32 Financial and Gift Reports the Future 35 Donors to the Smithsonian Examining the Present From biologists who explore the ocean to curators who engage us with the beauty and relevance of contemporary art and educators who quench our thirst for knowledge — the staff of the Smithsonian enriches and broadens our world every day.

Marine botanist James Norris on a snorkel dive off South Water Cay, Belize.

4 5 Science on a Our Lives Depend On the Ocean Sphere displays changing ocean Ocean Today kiosks give up-to-date The Sant Ocean Hall conditions. information about the marine environment.

The ocean covers nearly three-quarters of our planet’s surface, Phoenix, a life-sized replica of a living The Sant Ocean Hall, the National North Atlantic right whale, occupies a yet less than five percent of the ocean has been explored. It central spot in The Sant Ocean Hall. Museum of Natural History’s newest contains the majority of the world’s protein resources, but overfishing has put 75 percent of edible marine species at risk. permanent exhibition, opened to Ancient, vast, and constantly changing, for humankind the enthusiastic crowds on September 27. ocean is an irreplaceable resource, but it also is a fragile and Explaining humankind’s current little understood ecosystem that is increasingly at risk. Created in partnership with the National Oceanic and understanding of the ocean and its Atmospheric Administration and five years in the making, The connections to all humanity, the Sant Ocean Hall, named for the family of Smithsonian benefac- tors Victoria and Roger Sant, uses the latest in multimedia 23,000-square-foot hall represents technology to vividly explain the ocean’s importance to life on the museum’s largest renovation since Earth. More than 700 marine specimens are on display in this captivating exhibition, including two rare giant squid and an it opened in 1910. adult and juvenile coelacanth, an extremely rare prehistoric fish thought to be extinct until one was caught off the coast of South Africa in 1938.

“The Smithsonian has created an exhibition like no other,” says Cristián Samper, director of the National Museum of Natural History. “We hold the world’s largest and most diverse marine collections, some 80 million specimens, and our impressive network of internal partners includes the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute in Panama, the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center on the Chesapeake Bay, and the Smithsonian Marine Station in Fort Pierce, Florida. Working together, we are expanding what we know about this extraordinary ocean planet.”

To learn more about The Sant Ocean Hall visit the Web site: ocean.si.edu/ocean_hall

Dozens of living Indo-Pacific coral reef creatures are housed inside a 1,500-gallon aquarium in the exhibition. “At least half of all the oxygen available to breathe on this planet comes from the ocean. All life came from the ocean. We hope our visitors come to understand that Earth is an ocean planet full of amazing life forms that have adapted to every imaginable condition. It is up to each of us to protect this vital resource. Our lives really do depend on it.” Carole Baldwin, Research Zoologist, National Museum of Natural History

6 Life Imitates Art Kelly Richardson’s Runa Islam’s Tuin The Cinema Effect: Illusion, Reality, and the Moving Image Exiles of the Shattered Star

In today’s media-saturated world, where At the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, a recent two-part exhibition, The Cinema Effect: Illusion, Reality, and the Moving moving pictures emanate from cell phones Image, used moving image artworks to examine the evolving influence of cinema on our perception of reality. The range of and iPods, and even the exteriors of public the Hirshhorn’s look at film and video in contemporary art was buildings are used as billboards, sophisticated unprecedented, offering visitors an engaging journey to the cutting edge of creativity, where modern artists are exploring the technology can blur the line between the real expressive realm of film, video, and digital animation. and the imagined. People once were able to In Dreams, the first installment of the exhibition, the museum rely on their senses to separate reality from chose artworks that use cinematic techniques to create the dream- like state that film viewing prompts.Dreams transported viewers illusion, but no longer. into a stage between wakefulness and sleep, moving them through a literal labyrinth of black box artworks that tapped the imagination’s deepest recesses. Realisms, the exhibition’s second installment, was an in-depth look at how the moving image can complicate rather than clarify our perception of the relationship between fact and fantasy.

“The exhibition’s success in drawing repeat visitors poses an interesting model for future exhibitions. Having two installments allows us to tell a story more fully and more fully engage our visitors in the art,” Curator Anne Ellegood says. “Visitors were inspired to come back. They needed to return at least once if they wanted to see both parts, plus each artwork took time to absorb.”

The Cinema Effect was hugely popular with young audiences. At two sold-out “After Hours” events in April and June, the museum remained open until midnight while more than 5,000 attendees mingled amid the art, blending fun with educa- tion and making the Hirshhorn a very cool place to be.

Douglas Gordon’s Off-Screen The Hirshhorn Museum To learn more about art and artists featured at the Hirshhorn, visit the museum’s Web site: hirshhorn.si.edu/art/

“At the Hirshhorn, we want to change the way people see, challenge them to think critically, and expand their views of the world. The Cinema Effect got them talking, and they came back again and again.” Kerry Brougher, Chief Curator, Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden

Christoph Girardet’s These attendees at an “After Hours” Release event enjoy music and a light show. 8 Visitors at the National Museum of American History study one of the museum’s artifact walls. Interpreting the Past The key to moving forward with confidence and success lies in examining the past. The Smithsonian’s collections date from deep in the prehistoric past to today. Our objects bring history to life, and each wave of new technology helps our researchers glean more information from these artifacts, leading to a better understanding of the past, and thus the present and what may lie ahead.

10 11 Shedding Light on American History Celebrants watch as the ribbon is cut at the reopening ceremony. National Museum of American History Reopens

The 1831 John Bull Reenactors portraying figures from our Two years of extensive renovation literally let in the light, trans- locomotive is one of six forming the museum’s center into a bright, welcoming space built landmark objects anchoring each wing nation’s historic past mingled with everyday around a central atrium that makes the artifacts and the history of the museum’s three they represent more accessible. Renovation of the atrium also has exhibition floors. Americans during the festive and patriotic created a safe and permanent home for one of America’s most ceremonies that marked the November 21 revered icons, the Star-Spangled Banner. reopening of the National Museum of The new Star-Spangled Banner Gallery exhibits the flag “by the dawn’s early light,” recreating the scene that inspired poet Francis American History, Kenneth E. Behring Scott Key on the morning of September 14, 1814. An accompa- Center. President George W. Bush and the nying exhibition presents the flag and national anthem in their historical context. Visitors learn how the Star-Spangled Banner First Lady, former Secretary of State Colin became our national symbol and what the Smithsonian has done Powell, and historian David McCullough and continues to do to preserve, protect, and present it. were among the guests who gathered to New and returning visitors alike will find the museum easier to navigate. Artifact display walls enable the museum staff to exhibit a rededicate the only museum that tells the wider range of our extraordinary collection, while landmark objects whole story of our nation’s history. anchor each of six wings of the museum’s three exhibition floors. Architectural enhancements and new amenities create a visitor- friendly experience. The welcome center orients visitors and informs them about museum events, while the lobby and 275- seat auditorium serve as community spaces that provide new opportunities for programming. “We’ve opened up the area outside of the Star-Spangled Banner Gallery to serve as a public square, a place for programs, perfor- mances, and ceremonies, including the swearing-in of new U.S. citizens,” Museum Director Brent Glass says. “What setting could be more appropriate?”

Guests gather in front of the Star-Spangled Banner Gallery at the reopening gala. Learn more about the Star-Spangled Banner at the Web site: americanhistory.si.edu/ssb/ Watch a video of the Star-Spangled Banner Gallery dedication at: americanhistory.si.edu/webcast/dedication.html

The Federal City Brass Band performs Civil War-era music on “All of the objects found within these walls are the real thing, no facsimiles, reopening day. no reproductions or approximations. In their various ways, they are talismans, objects with magic power, and their power is in the multitude of stories they tell — our stories, and the ideas those stories embody. How can we love our country and take no interest in its story?” Historian David McCullough, at the reopening dedication of the National Museum of American History

Judy Garland’s ruby slippers now have a new home. 13 The 1941 Homestead Grays, Negro Baseball Leagues Champions

America’s Perfect Mania Separate and Unequaled: Black Baseball in the District of Columbia

From its beginnings, baseball has captivated In the exhibition Separate and Unequaled: Black Baseball in the District of Columbia, the Anacostia Community Museum focused America. Played with equal enthusiasm on a long overlooked chapter of the game’s history, the Negro Baseball Leagues. It told the story of the Homestead Grays, in million-dollar stadiums and corner a team that played many of its games in Washington, D.C., and sandlots, the sport is the great common won nine consecutive Negro National League pennants in the denominator. Rich or poor, all children 1930s and 1940s. On view at the Historical Society of Washington, D.C., the dream big at bat. exhibition used vintage black-and-white photos, old-time equipment, and other ephemera to recreate a time when fiercely talented black athletes and their fervent fans were held firmly on one side of the color line. Using baseball as a lens through which to view the past, the exhibition revealed what life was like for African Americans during the Jim Crow decades.

“As America changed, so did baseball, becoming segregated after Reconstruction and remaining so until Jackie Robinson broke baseball’s color line in 1947, a few years before Brown v. Board of Education erased the ‘separate but equal’ standard of law,” says Curator Anthony Gualtieri. “Baseball is democracy’s ultimate sport; it is embraced by people at every level of society and reflects solid values such as teamwork and sportsmanship.”

Separate and Unequaled made special note of the African American journalists who covered Negro Baseball League games in an era when the mainstream media ignored black baseball. Capturing every score and statistic, these sportswriters ensured that achievements of players such as Walter “Buck” Leonard and Josh Gibson — and the young Satchel Paige and Hank Aaron Signed baseball — found their rightful place in the pages of sports history. Negro Baseball bats from the Negro Pictorial Year Book 1944 Baseball Leagues To view the exhibition brochure online, visit: anacostia.si.edu/docs/Resources/Exhibits/Baseball/Baseball_Brochure.pdf

Cool Papa Bell “Baseball is America’s perfect mania that perfectly represents us as a people.” Daily National Intelligencer newspaper, September 11, 1866

“Baseball has always been a passion of District-dwelling African Americans. If there was a back alley or plot of land, something to use as a bat, something to use as a ball, and a second to spare, youngsters formed a pick-up game. The only rule was stay away from mama’s wash.” Matthew Carlisle of the Homestead Grays runs Gail Lowe, Historian, Anacostia Community Museum to third base. 15 Tracks made by the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity crisscross the surface of Mars.

Shaping the Future Research fuels discovery, and discovery shapes the future. The Smithsonian’s ambitious program of research reaches across time and space to create new knowledge, provide real-world solutions, drive best practices, and, most critical of all, lead to new inquiry.

16 17 Did Mars Once Support Life? A map of landing sites on Mars Center for Earth and Planetary Studies’ John Grant uses imagery from NASA rovers National Air and Space Museum Piecing Together Mars’ Ancient Geologic Record Oceanto study Today the Kiosks surface are updatedof Mars. regularly to give up-to-the-minute news on ocean-related topics. Planetary Scientist Lynn Carter Center for Earth and Planetary Studies Geologist John Grant works with ground penetrating Every day, scientists at the National Air radar equipment in Hawaii, is closely examining data collected from Mars by NASA rovers a possible analog for Mars. and Space Museum’s Center for Earth and orbiters. Distinct traces of water on the Martian surface indicate that conditions may once have been favorable to and Planetary Studies get closer to turning support life, albeit relatively simple life. “We see evidence of science fiction into science. Exploring water in the rock record,” Grant says, “which tells us the planet was once more temperate. Three to four billion years ago, parts the solar system and Earth’s place in it, of Mars might have resembled the sand dunes of an Arabian the center is part of an international desert. When it did rain, the water pooled and then evaporated. Conditions even earlier on Mars were likely much wetter.” collaboration using robotic rovers to Mars, which is smaller than Earth, has cooled and is no longer roll across the surface of the red as geologically active. Much of the ancient record of Mars is planet taking photographs, analyzing preserved on the planet’s surface. Studying Mars also gives biologists and geologists a better understanding of the condi- minerals, and gathering information in an tions under which life began on Earth. attempt to answer such questions as, Grant, who serves as co-chair of NASA’s Mars Landing Site “How much water was once on Mars?” Steering Committee, which is currently pinpointing the landing site on Mars for a new rover scheduled for launch in 2011, and “Was there ever life on Mars?” is also examining data gathered by a high-power camera called HiRISE aboard NASA’s Mars 2005 Reconnaissance Orbiter. The HiRISE camera is capturing incredibly detailed surface images of Mars as it orbits the planet.

Exploring space is a team effort. The Smithsonian’s great knowledge of Mars, gained through years of basic research, combined with its expertise in planetary geology, makes it an important collaborator in this massive undertaking.

Smithsonian scientists explore Mars with images such as this one taken by the orbiting HiRISE camera. To learn more about the Smithsonian’s planetary studies visit the Web site: www.nasm.si.edu/research/ceps/ To view the Earth from space: www.nasm.si.edu/exhibitions/gal213/earthtoday/

“Because planet Earth is dynamic, life evolves. On Mars, the engine of life might have started, but it may not have run for very long. Our work on ancient Martian environments helps scientists understand the conditions under which life might have existed.” John Grant

Circles ground into a The robotic rock Mars rock allow scientists abrasion tool to study its texture and exposes a rock’s 18 composition. interior for study. Ingrid Pol-Yin Lin digitizes one of the more than 80,000 botany specimens placed online by National Museum of Natural History staff. The Smithsonian Goes Digital Creating Universal Online Access to the World’s Greatest Collections

Standing in the presence of a treasured Today, more than 250 digital imaging projects are underway Tom Garnett, Biodiversity Heritage Library Program at the Smithsonian. The scope of this effort, the need for Director, holds a rare book on malacology (mollusks) from Smithsonian Institution Libraries. object and sensing its historic significance common standards, and the rapid emergence of new tools make planning critical. In response, the Smithsonian established a can be a life-changing experience. The pan-Institutional committee in 2008 charged with drawing up Smithsonian’s collections are used for a plan to create, preserve, and manage digital assets in an research by scholars from all over the integrated manner. world, and visitors travel great distances “It is a massive undertaking, and the actual act of digitization is the least complicated part,” says Katherine Spiess, Director of to see their favorites among the the Smithsonian’s Central Digitization Office. “More challenging is managing the digital content that documents and makes Institution’s 137 million objects. Physical accessible everything from priceless paintings to presidential access to artifacts and specimens will collections to microscopic organisms.” always be critical to researchers, but the The Institution’s Web sites attract nearly 173 million visitors modern era demands solutions that each year, eight times the number of the Smithsonian’s in-person visitors. Digitization will offer them a multimedia experience: connect people electronically. Digital in the future, for example, not only will the Smithsonian be able to post images of Isaac Singer’s original sewing machine online, photography and data management now but digital video clips will show it at work. Ultimately, scholars allow the Smithsonian to make its treasures will be able to use a single electronic portal to access Institution- wide information, helping them study important figures such as available to millions around the globe. Thomas Edison, whose portrait, papers, and inventions reside in different Smithsonian collections.

Digitization will vastly increase the Smithsonian’s ability to carry out its mission: the increase and diffusion of knowledge.

Explore digitized artifacts from the Archives of American Art at the Web site: aaa.si.edu/collectionsonline

“As holder of the national collections, the Smithsonian is at the intersection of many worlds — art, history, science, and culture — but we must also be at the forefront. Our collections are invaluable, and if we cannot bring everyone to Washington, we have an obligation to take our collections out to the world.” Katherine Spiess

Walter Larrimore photographs a ceramic bowl from the collections of the National 20 Museum of the American Indian. 1 2 3 4 5 6

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The Year at a Glance 2008 Highlights ART History and Culture

Archives of American Art National Museum of African Art Center for Folklife and National Museum of the American Indian Smithsonian Asian Pacific Smithsonian Museums, Cultural Heritage American Program Research Centers, and Programs Celebrating romantic and familial love, Featuring colorful textiles and accessories The museum’s Hawaiian Cultural Festival the book, With Love: Artist’s Letters and primarily from west and southern Africa, Some 100 Bhutanese participated in the attracted more than 13,000 visitors who A screening and discussion of the Illustrated Notes, used the Archives’ vast the exhibition TxtStyles/Fashioning Identity 42nd Smithsonian Folklife Festival’s took part in hands-on activities and documentary film,Passing Poston: An American collections of letters, photographs, and showed how African textiles convey mes- Bhutan: Land of the Thunder Dragon. Festival demonstrations that emphasized island Story, exposed viewers to the devastating ephemera to provide a unique glimpse sages of personal identity through dynamic, performances and demonstrations traditions in music, dance, and feather- and long-lasting effects of World War II into the private lives of great American ever-changing forms and objects. (4) showcased the kingdom’s culture and working. (9) internment camps on the Japanese (7) (12) painters, sculptors, and illustrators. (1) community. American community. National Portrait Gallery National Postal Museum National Museum of African American cooper-hewitt, national design museum RECOGNIZE! Hip Hop and Contemporary History and Culture An annual celebration of mail by rail, Tom Kundig’s “Rolling Huts,” Cooper- Portraiture was the Smithsonian’s first Started in 2008, Save Our African American Trains!, allowed visitors to explore Hewitt National Design Awards 2008 exhibition to examine the influence of hip Treasures: A National Collections Initiative working model train layouts and learn Architecture Design winner, seamlessly hop music and culture on the art of of Discovery and Preservation is stimulating about the Railway Mail Service by integrates architecture, landscape, and portrayal. It featured the work of six artists preservation activity nationwide by participating in activities such as sorting raw materials to evoke Thoreau’s simple and a poet. (5) helping people identify cultural objects mail. (10) cabin in the woods. (2) Smithsonian American Art Museum of historic significance to the African Smithsonian Affiliations and the Renwick Gallery (8) Freer Gallery of Art and American community. Annmarie Garden Sculpture Park and Arthur M. Sackler Gallery For SAAM, a site-specific sculpture by Arts Center in southern Maryland, a The exotic and colorful exhibition, Garden artist Jenny Holzer consisting of light and Smithsonian Affiliate, unveiled its first and Cosmos: The Royal Paintings of Jodhpur at text created from white electronic LEDs indoor gallery, which featured sculptures the Sackler Gallery featured 60 never- (light emitting diodes), was commissioned on loan from the Smithsonian, including before-exhibited paintings from the royal by the museum for its third floor Lincoln Dragan, by Vasa Velizar Mihich. (11) court collection of Marwar-Jodhpur, in Gallery. The sculpture is the only work the modern state of Rajasthan. (3) by this internationally renowned artist on public view in Washington, D.C. (6)

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The Year at a Glance 2008 Highlights History and Culture SCIENCE

The Smithsonian Associates Smithsonian Institution Traveling Museum Conservation Institute Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Smithsonian Marine Station Smithsonian Museums, Exhibition Service at Fort Pierce China: An Incomparable Journey explored the Institute research scientists are using a A Smithsonian astronomer recently Research Centers, and Programs Earth from Space, a poster exhibition of In keeping with the station’s ongoing country through more than 20 individual newly acquired micro-fading tester to discovered a black hole that weighs colorful high-resolution images taken by mission to support and document the presentations, workshops, and events conduct a yearlong survey of post- between 24 and 33 times as much as our satellites, began touring the United States ecosystems and marine biodiversity of held in Washington, D.C. The program renovation light levels on museum Sun. This new black hole, the heftiest this summer. The exhibition explains south Florida, marine biologists con- covered China from its ancient culture to objects and artifacts in the Donald W. black hole known to orbit another star, how satellite images are used to learn more ducted behavioral studies on the feeding the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games. (13) Reynolds Center for American Art and is located in a nearby galaxy 1.8 million (16) (24) about our dynamic planet. Portraiture. (18) light-years from Earth. (21) preferences of sea urchins. Smithsonian Center for Education Smithsonian Latino Center Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute and Museum Studies National Science Resources Center Smithsonian Environmental The center published Teaching with Collections, A live concert given by the musicians Teachers deepened their knowledge of Research Center Studying the social organization of one a special edition of its curriculum guide featured in The Accordion Kings: The Story of biodiversity, ecological field studies, Through a partnership with the North of the largest insect groups on the planet, Smithsonian in Your Classroom. The publica- Colombian Vallenato Music — a documentary electricity and magnetism, and energy and American Climate Center, a group ants, researchers at the institute’s tion helps teachers create lesson plans for which was screened before the concert motion through the center’s weeklong of citizen-scientists joined Smithsonian Neurobiology Lab examined the behavior preschool- and kindergarten-age children — attracted a crowd that numbered more residential summer sessions, Smithsonian ecologists to participate in a research of tropical ants and how it changes based on museum collections. (14) than 600 people. (17) Science Education Academies for project that will contribute to a long- according to their age and the needs of (25) Teachers. (19) term global study measuring how forests their colony. Smithsonian Institution Archives respond to a changing climate. (22) Five thousand cubic feet of older historical National Zoological Park collections and fragile paper records were Two Przewalski’s horse foals, a species Smithsonian Institution Libraries painstakingly transferred by Archives’ staff extinct in their native Asia since 1970 and Botanicals: Butterflies & Insects, a 300-page to secure underground storage vaults in genetically distinct from domestic horses, book featuring stunning natural history Pennsylvania. (15) were born at the Zoo’s Conservation and illustrations that span two centuries, was Research Center facility, a direct result of published by the Libraries. The images work and research by staff reproductive are compiled from works in the Libraries (23) scientists. (20) collection.

24 25 Charting a Bold Future The Smithsonian in the 21st Century

Today’s world is defined by both limitless Collaboration is deeply ingrained in the opportunity and limited resources. Smithsonian’s culture and made manifest at Shrinking borders have shaped a true all levels of the Institution. Individual global community whose inhabitants are museums and centers combine objects and eager to learn about — and from — each scholarship in the arts, history, and the sci- other, while vastly improved technology ences to tell a collective story, whether it be Smithsonian collaborations enhances our ability to communicate. At of the world’s oceans or an American hero. come in all shapes and sizes. the same time, the planet faces problems We learn about the desires of the museum- All have a powerful impact — sustainability, global climate change, going public from our strong network of across geography and disci- diminishing biodiversity — too big for any national affiliates and, at the same time, our pline and, together, they will one organization, or nation, to solve. affiliates benefit from the Smithsonian’s play an increasingly important Distinguished by unparalleled collections, collections and expertise. We also enlist pres- role in our future. stellar research, and expert staff, the tigious partners to leverage our own work. Smithsonian is uniquely positioned to The first such collaboration — between convene leading organizations to address the Harvard College Observatory and the complex opportunities and issues that Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory — demand collaborative action. formed the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, today the world’s largest astrophysical institution.

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Forging an International Partnership A New Approach to Conservation Education Bringing History to Life Crossing Boundaries in the Name of Science With the Smithsonian’s assistance, the emirate of Abu Dhabi The world needs a new generation of professionals to preserve The Smithsonian marshaled its broad and rich resources from Combining its vast natural history collections, excellence in plant in the United Arab Emirates is making extraordinary invest- the wondrous variety of life on Earth and the Smithsonian is across museums and research centers to celebrate the bicentennial and animal taxonomy, and the power to convene experts around ments to turn itself into a cultural destination. For a major helping to bring this about. The Smithsonian National of Abraham Lincoln’s birth. The pilot project of Smithsonian the world, the Smithsonian is hosting the Consortium for the project involving the preservation and celebration of local Zoological Park joined with George Mason University in Connections, a program aimed at enhancing the visitors’ experi- Barcode of Life (CBOL), which is crossing political, geographic, heritage, the Abu Dhabi Authority for Culture and Heritage Fairfax, Va., to educate and train such leaders in the relatively ence, Abraham Lincoln at the Smithsonian brings the compelling story economic, and social boundaries to promote DNA barcoding invited a Smithsonian team to study the feasibility of a new new science of analyzing and protecting Earth’s biological of America’s most mythologized president to life through as a new global standard for identifying species using a short museum dedicated to the Bedouin people and inspired and diversity. Students in the Smithsonian-Mason Global exhibitions, public programs, tours, and multimedia Web sites. DNA sequence. CBOL was formed in 2004 and now has more informed by the National Museum of the American Indian. Conservation Education Program spend a semester at the Zoo Accessible to museum attendees and Internet users, the Lincoln than 170 member organizations from 50 countries, many in The team was led by Richard Kurin, Smithsonian under taking courses for academic credit in the natural and social program incorporates all the tools of modern communications developing nations. Barcoding is helping these countries recog- secretary for history, art, and culture, and Elizabeth Duggal, sciences with an emphasis on developing the problem solving technology, including blogs, podcasts, and social networking nize and preserve their natural resources by building networks the National Museum of Natural History’s associate director. skills necessary to address critical conservation issues. platforms, such as Facebook and Twitter. “The Smithsonian is and offering training in the use of DNA barcoding techniques. In a follow-up collaboration, Abu Dhabi is working with the Throughout the program they learn from scientists at the Zoo’s one of the few institutions that can look in-depth at a single “This project is democratizing, internationalizing, and accelerat- Smithsonian to design a new approach to museum professional Center for Conservation Education and Sustainability, as well subject through a variety of lenses including art, history, and ing the identification process,” says David Schindel, executive education, to ensure the long-term success of the region’s many as faculty at George Mason’s Center for Conservation Studies. science,” says Jane Milosch, senior program officer for the arts in secretary of CBOL. “Taxonomists will no longer have to travel cultural projects. “What a unique opportunity to enhance “Students are living and breathing conservation at the Zoo’s the office of the under secretary for history, art, and culture. to other museums or borrow collections to compare their the mission of the Smithsonian while supporting a region that 3,200-acre Conservation and Research Center in Front Royal, “Next we’ll tackle other subject matter in the same collaborative unidentified samples with known flora and fauna samples. DNA is making significant investments in culture,” Duggal says. Va., where more than 30 endangered species are housed and manner. We believe Smithsonian Connections is the future of barcoding also is helping scientists in other disciplines by “Educating a new generation of museum leaders is critical to cared for,” says Steve Monfort, the Zoo’s associate director of the museum experience.” creating a permanent, public resource for biodiversity identifica-

the success of all museums across the world in the 21st century.” conservation and science. “And in 2010 we break ground for an 6 Funeral drum and drumsticks that sounded the first call to arms afterL incoln’s tion. Barcodes are being used to improve public health, promote 1 Members of the team tour the Sharjah Museum of Islamic Civilization. energy-efficient academic complex that will feature classrooms assassination, National Museum of American History conservation, and ensure crop safety across the world.” Through 2 Mohammed Khalaf Al-Mazrouei, Director General of the Abu Dhabi Authority for and state-of-the-art labs and dormitory facilities.” 7 Abraham Lincoln, by Thomas Le Mere, albumen silver print, 1863, the efforts of CBOL, the Smithsonian is a key partner in the Culture and Heritage National Portrait Gallery 4 Smithsonian-Mason Semester students work on hormone analysis in the global DNA barcoding initiative. 3 Team members visiting the American University of Sharjah 8 Top hat worn by Lincoln to Ford's Theatre on the night of his assassination, Endocrine Lab at the Conservation and Research Center. National Museum of American History 9 Research entomologists at the National Museum of Natural History are using 5 Smithsonian and George Mason scientists lead students in a biodiversity DNA barcode data to study the relationships between cryptic species of skipper monitoring field exercise. butterflies and other insects. 10 Kit used by researchers to analyze DNA

28 29 6 7 8 9 10 In 2008, Roger Sant, left, was elected first chair and Patricia Stonesifer was elected first vice chair. In January 2009, Ms. Stonesifer succeeded Mr. Sant as chair, and Alan Spoon was elected vice chair. John McCarter, Jr. is a Board of Regents Report new citizen Regent.

New Secretary Appointed To increase transparency, the Regents created a public Web site On March 15, 2008, the Board of Regents announced the and conducted their first annual public forum on November 17. selection of G. Wayne Clough as 12th Secretary of the The duties and responsibilities of individual Regents have been Smithsonian Institution. He took office July 1, 2008. Since clearly established, and the Board is putting in place processes by 1994, he had been the president of the Georgia Institute of which to assess its effectiveness and that of individual Regents. Technology, and under his tenure, the school’s academic reach expanded throughout the world, with campuses in France, The Inspector General, the Chief Financial Officer, and the Ireland, Singapore, and Shanghai; enrollment increased by more General Counsel now have direct access to the Regents, and new than 5,000 and achieved greater ethnic and gender diversity; policies prohibit Smithsonian executives from serving on for- and the university consistently ranked among the nation’s top profit boards. All Smithsonian employees now adhere to federal 10 public research universities. The Board of Regents is pleased travel, expense, and leave procedures. to have a scholar and scientist of his stature at the Institution’s helm, and is confident that his leadership will offer positive The reforms have been comprehensive and responsive to con- direction to the more than 6,000 Smithsonian staff and thou- cerns, but the Regents are not taking a “once and done” view. sands of volunteers, whose dedication and excellence reflect so The Board is committed to working with Secretary Clough to positively upon the Institution. sustain a top-to-bottom culture of accountability and an ongoing review of governance policies and procedures. Governance Reforms in Place

The Regents completed a thorough reform of the Smithsonian’s Recognizing a Dedicated Leader governance, implementing 25 recommendations proposed by its In acknowledgment of his many contributions, the Board of Governance and Nominating Committee. These reforms increase Regents named National Museum of Natural History Director transparency and accountability, improve internal and external Cristián Samper as the first recipient of the Regents’ Gold communications, and strengthen partnerships between the Regents Medal for Exceptional Service in recognition of his 15 months’ and key staff and stakeholders. service as Acting Secretary of the Smithsonian. The award reflects the board’s gratitude and appreciation for leading the Institution Changes made to the structure and operations of the Board with skill and dedication through a time of transition and for of Regents include creating new positions of chair and vice chair his ongoing commitment to the Smithsonian. and establishing an Office of the Regents separate from the Office of the Secretary. In addition, the Board now has three new Detailed information on the activities and accomplishments committees: investment, advancement, and strategic planning and of the Smithsonian’s Board of Regents is available online at programs, expanding its number of committees to nine. www.si.edu/about/regents.

In 2008, the Smithsonian made important strides toward its goal of becoming a leader in 21st-century nonprofit governance.

31 Financial Report Gift Report Fiscal Year Ending September 30, 2008 Revenues, in Percent, FY 2008 Smithsonian Enterprises Gifts to the Smithsonian Federal Appropriations 60% Smithsonian Enterprises (formerly Smithsonian Business Ventures) provides critical, unrestricted funds to the With the opening of The Sant Ocean Hall at the Contributions & Private Grants 15% Philanthropy is essential to the Smithsonian’s mission. Institution and its museums through its operation of mission- National Museum of Natural History and the reopening Government Grants & Contracts 13% Private contributions from donors provide the funds to related, revenue-generating activities that include museum of the National Museum of American History which Investment Earnings 5% transform Smithsonian museums and exhibitions, advance now houses an inspiring new home for the Star-Spangled stores, restaurants, IMAX theaters, the Smithsonian Catalogue, research, ignite young minds through education and out- Business Ventures 4% Smithsonian and Air & Space magazines, Smithsonian Channel, Banner, fiscal year 2008 was both a productive and reach, fund innovation, and help the Smithsonian remain Other 3% Smithsonian Books, and the worldwide educational travel rewarding one for the Smithsonian. Smithsonian opera- program, Smithsonian Journeys. free to all and open 364 days a year. Philanthropic support tions performed well during the year. The endowment, has never been more important to the Smithsonian, and we while hurt by a slumping economy, outperformed its Smithsonian Enterprises’ operations achieved $157.2 million are most appreciative of our generous contributors. benchmark and the median return of a wide selection in revenue during 2008 and contributed $26.7 million in net of peer organizations. gain to the Institution, an amount slightly higher than its Expenses, in Percent, FY 2008 Purpose of Funds Raised, 2007 contribution. in Millions of Dollars, FY 2008 The Smithsonian receives funding from federal Salaries & Benefits 47% Museums & Research Centers, $39.6 29% government appropriations, from other governmental Other Operating Expenses 40% 2008 Highlights: General Support n entities, and from private sources. Private funds enable Capital Expenses 13% The Smithsonian Channel ended a year of programming Facilities & Public Spaces 27 20% the Institution to undertake new ventures and provide accolades with a coveted Emmy Award for The Magic of Endowment 22.6 17% the means for carrying out innovative research, expanding Motion, an episode in its popular series Nature Tech. It is the and strengthening our national collections, developing youngest channel ever to win an Emmy. The channel is now Smithsonian, General Support 18.7 14% in more than 10 million households and offers viewers 209 Exhibitions, Education, 18.2 13% and building new facilities, opening state-of-the- & Public Programs art exhibitions, and reaching out to America’s diverse different programs. In addition, selected Smithsonian Channel programs can be downloaded at the iTunes Store, Research 7.1 5% communities. Federal appropriations conserve our financial activity, in Millions of Dollars, FY 2008 and 2007 the world’s most popular online music and video store. Acquisitions & Collections 3.1 2% national collections; sustain basic research; educate the 2008 2007 n Retail stores’ year-end net gain exceeded 2007 gains TOTAL $136.3 100% public; operate, maintain, and protect the large Operating Revenue $1,007 $993 Smithsonian museum and research complex; and fund through improved operating margins and new initiatives, Operating Expenses 898 881 such as extended operating hours at the National Air and other administrative and support services. The 2008 Increase in Operating Net Assets 109 112 Space Museum and the implementation of the successful annual audit was conducted by KPMG LLP. For a Funds Raised by Source, Curator’s Choice book program, focusing on selected favorites in Millions of Dollars, FY 2008 complete set of audited financial statements, contact Increase (decrease) in Other Assets (210) 108 Total Increase (decrease) in Net Assets ($101) $220 of the museum staff. Individuals $84 62% the Office of the Comptroller at (202) 633-7250. n Despite industry-wide circulation challenges, the quality Corporations 24.9 18% of Smithsonian magazine continues to deliver to more than 2 million National Associate members with each issue. The Foundations 24.4 18%  magazine was named by a leading circulation trade newsletter Other 3 2% financial position, in Millions of Dollars, FY 2008 and 2007 as one of its top 10 circulation performers of the past decade. TOTAL $136.3 100% 2008 2007 n As part of a pan-Institutional effort, the Licensing division

Trust federal total Funds helped secure an agreement with 20th Century Fox to place the Smithsonian in a starring role in the upcoming release of Assets $1,873 $1,199 $3,072 $3,106 Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian. Liabilities 322 356 678 611 n Two Smithsonian Books titles made it onto The New York Net Assets $1,551 $843 $2,394 $2,495 Times bestseller list: America’s Hidden History, by Kenneth Davis, and How the States Got Their Shapes, by Mark Stein. n Smithsonian Journeys grew its number of passengers by 11 percent and completed its first full year as a preferred supplier Growth in Net Assets, in Millions of Dollars, Over Five Years for the American Express Consumer Travel Network. The 2008 $2,394 partnership resulted in more than 200 additional bookings. 2007 $2,495 n Visitors to Web sites operated by the Media division 2006 $2,274 — Smithsonian.com, airspacemag.com, and goSmithsonian.com — 2005 $2,128 were up 107 percent in 2008. 2004 $1,882

32 33 Travis and Anne Engen Donors to the Smithsonian Travis and Anne Engen’s $15 million gift to the National Air and Space Leadership Gifts Museum honors the memory of Mary The Institution is deeply grateful for the generous Baker Engen, Travis Engen’s mother, new gifts and pledges of $1 million or more made in and helps make possible the construc- 2008 by the donors recognized in these pages. Their tion of the Steven F. Udvar-Hazy thoughtful and wide-ranging support has been essential Center’s long-planned second phase. in advancing Smithsonian initiatives in all fields. Phase Two’s restoration hangar, spacious enough to accommo- date several full-size aircraft at one time, will bear the name of Mary Baker Engen, a longtime member of the museum’s board, The Boeing Company who is shown in the photograph here with her late husband, The Boeing Company made a $5 million gift to the National former National Air and Space Museum director Admiral Museum of African American History and Culture that pro- Donald D. Engen. From the Center’s mezzanine, visitors will be vides critical momentum to this major Institutional initiative. able to view specialists reconstructing, repairing, and preserving The aerospace company’s support helps fund the design and artifacts. A portion of the gift also provides an endowment for development of the new ongoing maintenance of the facility. museum, which is scheduled to open in 2015. Boeing has IBM Corporation generously supported Smithsonian museums and programs The Smithsonian’s 19th museum, the National Museum of for almost a quarter of a century and, in 2006, gave the largest African American History and Culture, is reaching a global single corporate gift in the Institution’s history. audience through its Web presence even though the public opening of the museum facility is years away. The Web site, The Morris and Gwendolyn Cafritz Foundation known as the Museum on the Web, is made The Morris and Gwendolyn Cafritz Foundation’s $2.568 possible with the donation of technology million in funding furthered the National Museum of American and Web development expertise, valued at History’s transformation and initiated a preservation study of $1.4 million, from the IBM Corporation. Alexander Calder’s sculpture Gwenfritz, donated by the founda- Site visitors may download educational activities, explore the tion to the Smithsonian in 1969. The foundation’s generosity exhibition Let Your Motto Be Resistance, and share personal stories made possible the Abstract Flag, an architectural representation in the Memory Book. Samuel J. Palmisano, chairman of the board of a waving flag which marks the entrance of the new Star- and chief executive officer of IBM Corporation, is a founding Spangled Banner gallery. member of the museum’s council. For a quarter of a century, Calvin Cafritz is the IBM Corporation has generously supported the Smithsonian, foundation’s chairman, its museums, and its programs. president, and chief executive officer. His wife, Jane Lipton Cafritz, is a member of James A. Johnson and Maxine Isaacs the foundation’s Advisory Board and serves on the Smithsonian With their gift of $1 million, James National Board. The gift is the largest made by the foundation A. Johnson and his wife, Maxine to the Smithsonian. Isaacs, have provided leadership support for the National Museum of African American History and Culture. Their gift helps fund the planning and preliminary design of the future museum, now underway. James A. Johnson is a founding member of the museum’s council. The couple also has supported the National Zoological Park and Contributing Membership.

34 35 Robert L. Johnson The J. Willard and Alice S. Marriott Foundation Poor Richard’s Charitable Trust The Summit Fund of Washington Robert L. Johnson’s generosity to With a grant of $2.5 million to the National Zoological Park’s A $2 million gift from the Poor Richard’s Charitable Trust to Roger and Vicki Sant continue their support of the National the National Museum of African Elephant Trails, The J. Willard and Alice S. Marriott Foundation Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum’s Capital Campaign, Museum of Natural History’s Ocean Initiative with a $16.25 American History and Culture helps continues its support to the zoo and its mission of advancing will help the museum increase exhibition space and provide million gift from the Roger and Victoria Sant Founders’ Fund advance the museum’s mission of scientific understanding, expert animal care, and conservation of greater access to its permanent collection. The gift was made of The Summit Fund of Washington. The support underscores telling the African American story in endangered species. The possible by two of Poor Richard’s trustees, Lisa S. Roberts and the commitment of Roger and Vicki Sant, chairman and all its dimensions. His gift of next step in the National David Seltzer, her husband, president of the Fund, respectively, to the Initiative. Of the gift, $2 million furthers the planning and Zoo’s revitalization, the who are committed friends of $1.25 million funds Ocean Initiative education programs and development of the future museum, planned Elephant Trails, Cooper-Hewitt. Lisa Roberts aspects of the Hall exhibition, and $15 million creates an which will be located on the National Mall. It also helps will provide an expanded is a museum board member endowment to ensure continued ocean education and outreach support the traveling exhibitions and public programs through and enhanced habitat for a multigenerational herd of Asian who serves on its marketing programs and future enhancements, updates, and maintenance which the museum already has begun sharing its important story elephants. The Foundation and the Marriott family have been and acquisitions committees, of The Sant Ocean Hall. Roger Sant chairs the National with the American public. Robert Johnson is a founding major donors to the zoo’s giant panda conservation program, and and the couple were vice chairs of the museum’s 2008 and Museum of Natural History Board and is a member, and member of the museum’s council. John W. Marriott III serves on the National Zoological Park’s 2007 National Design Awards Gala. In recognition of their former chair, of the Smithsonian Board of Regents. Vicki Sant advisory board. leadership and generosity, the museum’s former library and is a former member of the executive committee of the Herb Kelleher study are named in their honor. Smithsonian Washington Council and current President and a Herb Kelleher and his wife, Joan, continue their long Motorola Foundation Trustee of the National Gallery of Art. A $1 million gift from the Motorola Foundation supports the Susan and Elihu Rose friendship with the Smithsonian and its National Air and Space National Postal Museum’s Systems at Work exhibition, scheduled With their gift of $1 million to the National Museum of Museum with a second gift of $1 million to the Steven F. Coralyn Wright Whitney to open in 2011. Visitors will discover how sophisticated American History’s Star-Spangled Banner Campaign, Susan Udvar-Hazy Center. The gift, made through The Joan and Each year, millions visit the National technology has transformed mail and Elihu Rose continue their generous support of the museum Herb Kelleher Charitable Foundation, Museum of Natural History’s exhibi- delivery through the years and and its current renovation. Elihu Rose served on the National helps begin construction of Phase tion of rare and outstanding gems, learn about the impact this has Museum of American History Board Two of the Center, which will include making it one of the Smithsonian’s had on social and economic life from 1996 until 2003 and remains a restoration hangar, archives, reading most popular destinations. A gift of in the United States. The company has also supported the an active alumnus. The Susan and room, and conservation and storage $1.5 million from Coralyn Wright National Museum of American History and other Smithsonian Elihu Rose Gallery is named to honor facilities. Herb Kelleher serves on the Whitney, a businesswoman and collec- museums and programs. their long-time commitment to the National Air and Space Museum tor of fine jewelry and gemstones, enables the museum to museum. The gallery’s inaugural Board. He and his wife have been acquire significant new gems for the national collection, and NYSE Foundation exhibition commemorates the bicen- Contributing Members for 20 years. establishes an endowment to support acquisitions, research, The $1 million gift of the New York Stock Exchange tennial of Abraham Lincoln’s birth. Foundation, Inc. to the National Museum of American and outreach. This generous gift helps ensure the collection’s Leon Levy Foundation History’s Star-Spangled Banner Campaign helped transform the continuing allure. With its $1 million gift to the Freer Gallery of Art and Arthur Alfred P. Sloan Foundation museum with a renovated central M. Sackler Gallery, the Leon Levy Foundation funds a five-year A grant of $2.25 million continues the core and a specially constructed The Oprah Winfrey Foundation program on intercultural relations in the ancient world that Alfred P. Sloan Foundation’s support Star-Spangled Banner Gallery. The The Oprah Winfrey Foundation’s gift of $1 million brings the makes possible exhibitions such as Wine, Worship and Sacrifice. of the Barcode of Life, an international foundation, established in 1983 to National Museum of African American History and Culture The gift also provides for the program’s scholarship by funding initiative to advance rapid, accurate identifi- support educational and community programs, previously has closer to the design and construction of its permanent home visiting Leon Levy Foundation Curators and Leon Levy cation of animal and plant species using provided financial assistance to the Center for Folklife and on the National Mall adjacent to the Washington Monument. Foundation Fellows. The foundation continues the philanthropic DNA sequences. The Consortium for the Cultural Heritage. This gift provides support for the museum’s architectural legacy of its founder, the late Leon Levy. Barcode of Life, the initiative’s organizing body, is hosted by design. Groundbreaking and construction are planned to begin the Smithsonian’s National Museum of Natural History. With Richard D. and Laura A. Parsons in 2012. Oprah Winfrey, the Foundation’s president and its grant, the foundation is helping hundreds of scientists to The National Museum of African director, is a build a global reference library of DNA “barcodes.” This American History and Culture’s founding member work accelerates efforts to create the Encyclopedia of Life and traveling exhibitions and conservation of the museum’s the Biodiversity Heritage Library, projects the foundation outreach programs have already council. touched the lives of thousands across also supports. the country, while its Museum on the Web reaches many more. Richard D. and Laura A. Parsons’ gift of $1 million to the museum supports these activities as well as initial planning for the design of the long-awaited museum on the National Mall. Richard Parsons is a founding member of the museum’s council.

36 37 $500,000 or more Karen and Edward A. Burka The Elizabeth Carolyn Lux Foundation The Walt Disney Company De Beers Consolidated Mines Limited Amb. and Mrs. Charles T. Manatt Donors to the Smithsonian Anonymous The Burkle Family Foundation Mr. and Mrs. Peter L. Malkin Andy Warhol Foundation Mr. and Mrs. Michael S. Dell Mr. and Mrs. Frank E. Mars Akaloa Resource Foundation Hacker and Kitty Caldwell Richard and Jane for the Visual Arts (Michael and Susan Dell Ms. Jacqueline Badger Mars Recognizing Our Benefactors American Express Mr. and Mrs. Michael A. Callen manoogian Foundation Sue and John Wieland foundation) Pierre and Tana Matisse Foundation Bank of America Carnegie Corporation of New York Christian L. and Edna M. March Mr. Mike Wilkins and Jim and Janet Dicke Ms. Marissa Mayer The Smithsonian gratefully acknowledges those donors Dr. and Mrs. David A. Cofrin Cessna Aircraft Company Nancy A. Marks ms. Sheila Duignan Mr. and Mrs. Lee E. Dirks Microsoft Corporation who made gifts, payments on gifts, or pledges during ECOPETROL S.A. Citibank/Banamex Mars Petcare US, Inc. Ginny Williams The William H. Donner Morgan Stanley Feodor Pitcairn Productions, Ltd. The Coca-Cola Company Mars Snackfood, US, LLC* foundation, Inc. National Geographic Society the fiscal year ending September 30, 2008. The Fertilizer Institute The Ryna and Melvin Margery and Edgar Masinter‡ $50,000 or more The Dow Chemical Company The Nature Conservancy The Ford Foundation cohen Family Foundation McCormick Tribune Foundation Anonymous foundation Edward John Noble Foundation, Inc. Ford Motor Company Fund Malcolm Collins, Miles Collins and Merrill Lynch & Co. Foundation, Inc. Accenture* Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians Northwest Airlines, Inc. $1,000,000 or more Fujifilm catherine Collins Masterson MetLife Foundation Adobe Systems Mr. Gabriel H. Ebersole Numismatic Conservation Services, LLC We especially value the philanthropic leadership shown by the General Motors Corporation Michael and Sandy Collins Mr. and Mrs. Steven T. Mnuchin The Paul G. Allen Foundations ELLE Mrs. Carroll O’Connor Institution’s most generous donors. Lloyd E. Herman Comcast Corporation* (The Steven and Heather Mr. Richard C. Andersen Energias de Portugal (Carroll and Nancy O’ Connor HSBC Holdings plc Ms. Elizabeth J. Comstock mnuchin Foundation) Judy Hart Angelo and John M. Angelo Mr. and Mrs. Thomas M. Evans, Jr. foundation) Anonymous Mrs. Dorothy Lemelson, Conservation International Monaco Rare Coins Association of Zoos and Aquariums Farmers Insurance Oppenheimer & Company, Inc. the Lemelson Foundation‡ Joseph & Joan Cullman Ambrose Monell Foundation Austin Community Foundation The Ferris Family Foundation Mr. and Mrs. Russell E. Palmer, Jr. Kenneth E. Behring Family‡ Lockheed Martin conservation Foundation Inc. Mr. and Mrs. Fred Montanye BAE Systems Roger S. Firestone Foundation‡ Marsha and Jeffrey Perelman The Boeing Company Ocean Conservancy Frances K. Dibner Charitable Trust Morris Animal Foundation William C. and Nellie N. Baker Doris and Donald Fisher Peters Family Art Foundation The Pew Charitable Trusts Valerie and Charles Diker Lester S. and Enid W. Morse The Barker Welfare Foundation Mr. and Mrs. William Fisher Mr. Job Luning Prak Dr. Peter Buck Reinsch Family Miranda and Robert Donnelley Joan C. Muzzillo and Paul R. Popick Mr. Edward P. Bass The Lee and Juliet Folger Fund The Reed Foundation The Morris and Gwendolyn Cafritz Foundation Shell (The Donnelley Foundation)‡ Northrop Grumman Corporation (The Philecology Trust) Ms. Marilyn Friedman The Rice Family Foundation Travis and Anne Engen Shell Gabon The Dorsey & Whitney Foundation Mrs. Philip E. Nuttle The Bhutan Foundation Mrs. Rose Frieze and Mr. Cary J. Frieze Mr. George R. Roberts Silicon Valley Community Foundation Constance and Harvey Krueger Mary and John Pappajohn Biotechnology Industry Organization Fundacion Comercializadora Eloro Craig Robins Patricia and Phillip Frost Robert H. and Clarice Smith Earthwatch Institute Pepco Hope L. and John L. Furth Rockwell Collins The Glenstone Foundation, Mitchell P. Rales, Founder Smithsonian Women’s Committee Mr. and Mrs. Farhad F. Ebrahimi Pitney Bowes Inc.* Mr. Kenneth E. Gazzola Abigail Rose and Michael J. Blum Soil Science Society of America Anne and Joel Ehrenkranz Radio One, Inc.* GE Aircraft Engines Drs. Valerie and John Rowe Conrad N. Hilton Foundation Sony Electronics, Inc.* Envision EMI, LLC James Renwick Alliance GE Foundation May and Samuel Rudin IBM Corporation* Terra Foundation for American Art ExxonMobil Mr. Joseph E. Robert, Jr. GEICO Direct family Foundation, Inc. United Airlines Fidelity Foundation Rolls-Royce Mr. and Mrs. Carl S. Gewirz Lloyd G. and Betty A. Schermer James A. Johnson and Maxine Isaacs Esme Usdan and James Snyder Barbara G. Fleischman The Honorable Ronald A. Rosenfeld Global Biodiversity Information Facility Donna and Marvin Schwartz Robert L. Johnson Mr. Glenn R. Fuhrman and Mrs. Rosenfeld Global Events Partners, Inc. Sealaska Corporation $100,000 or more The Funger Foundation, (Rosenfeld Family Charitable Mr. Robert B. Goergen The Schlinger Foundation Herb Kelleher Anonymous norma Lee and Morton Funger foundation) (The Goergen Foundation) Siemens Logistics & David H. Koch AARP The Getty Foundation Robert and Marion Rosenthal Peter and Rhondda Grant assembly Systems, Inc. A&E Television Networks Goya Foods, Inc. Alice and David Rubenstein Captain Thomas Bailey Hagen, SC, Mr. James C. Small and Mr. John A. Fry Robert and Arlene Kogod Agencia Nacional de Hidrocarburos Agnes Gund and Daniel Shapiro Ms. Pat Rubin and usnr (Ret.) Alan and Terri Spoon Leon Levy Foundation Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians Valerie J. and D. Wilson Gyton mr. Theodore J. Slavin The Bobolink Foundation Mr. and Mrs. Hugh Halff, Jr. Stockman Family Foundation Lee and Elizabeth Ainslie Mr. Christie G. Harris Running Strong for Bombardier Bruce T. Halle Family Foundation Ms. Mara Strock Elizabeth S. MacMillan‡ Alcoa Mr. and Mrs. J. Tomilson Hill american Indian Youth® Mr. and Mrs. John Boochever Victor and Takako Hauge Mr. David M. Sundman and The J. Willard & Alice S. Marriott Foundation Kathleen B. Allaire Lisina M. Hoch Ms. Sally D. Ryan Booth Ferris Foundation Catherine and Richard W. Herbst mr. Donald J. Sundman (2005 Allaire Family Steven and Jane Hoch Safe Flight Instrument Corporation The Brinson Foundation Alexandra and Paul Herzan The TATA Group John and Adrienne Mars‡ charitable Trust) Wolfgang Hultner* Victoria and Roger Sant Peggy and Ralph Burnet Hunt Oil Company Mr. and Mrs. A. Alfred Taubman The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation The Herb Alpert Foundation International Aero Engines Mr. and Mrs. Douglas R. Scheumann Café Nicholson Fund Judy and Bob Huret (Taubman Endowment Altman Foundation International Longshore and Suzanne and Walter Scott Foundation The Calamus Foundation Intel Foundation for the Arts)‡ Motorola Foundation American Veterinary Medical Warehouse Union Nina and Ivan Selin‡ Capitol File Niche Media, LLC* Inter-American Development Bank Ruth and Vernon NYSE Foundation association Mr. and Mrs. Vernon E. Jordan, Jr. Seneca Nation of Indians Constance R. Caplan Mr. Roger R.W. Johnston taylor Foundation, MT Arts Council of Wales Suzie Katz (PhotoWings) Mr. and Mrs. Albert H. Small The E. Rhodes & Leona B. Kansas State University Foundation Charles and Geneva Thornton Oneida Indian Nation (New York) AT&T, Inc. W.K. Kellogg Foundation Mr. and Mrs. Frederick W. Smith carpenter Foundation Robert J. & Helen C. Gary and Marie Thunem Richard D. and Laura A. Parsons Lily Auchincloss Foundation, Inc. KidsPost/The Washington Post Guenther and Siewchin Yong Sommer Mr. John T. Chambers kleberg Foundation Tishman Speyer Aviation Capital Group John S. and James L. Mr. and Mrs. Thomas H. Stoner (Chambers Family Foundation) Jeanne and Michael Klein Mr. John L. Tishman Poor Richard’s Charitable Trust The Barkley Fund knight Foundation Mr. and Mrs Kelso F. Sutton Chapman Family Fund The Samuel H. Kress Foundation Tourism Ireland Donald W. Reynolds Foundation Bayer CropScience Samuel J. and Ethel LeFrak (Kelso F. and Joanna L. Judith L. Cherwinka The Honorable Marc E. Leland and Trellis Fund Mr. and Mrs. Howard R. Berlin Lehman Brothers sutton Fund)‡ Ann and Tom Cousins mrs. Leland (Marc E. Leland Mr. Mark Tupper Susan and Elihu Rose (Howard R. & Joy M. Berlin Jeanne and Richard Levitt Mr. and Mrs. Steven A. Tananbaum (The C.F. Foundations)‡ foundation)‡ Mr. and Mrs. Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Alfred P. Sloan Foundation foundation) Richard Lounsbery Foundation (The Lisa and Steven Tananbaum Cow Creek Band of Aaron and Barbara Levine United States Postal Service* The Summit Fund of Washington Max N. and Heidi L. Berry Jon and Lillian Lovelace family Foundation) umpqua Tribe of Indians Mr. and Mrs. Rodney R. Lewis Mallory and Diana Walker Blue Moon Fund The Henry Luce Foundation Televisa Foundation The Nathan Cummings Foundation (The Kim and Rod Lewis Family The Widgeon Foundation Target Booz Allen Hamilton* Lukoil* Eugene V. and Clare E. Mr. and Mrs. Maurice J. Cunniffe foundation for Hope and Charity) Wyeth Foundation for American Art Coralyn Wright Whitney Brisa Auto-estradas de Portugal thaw Charitable Trust Dancing Star Foundation LI-COR Inc. Bristol-Myers Squibb Company Verizon Foundation Linda and Harry Macklowe The Oprah Winfrey Foundation Jean and Davis H. von Wittenburg

‡ Smithsonian National Board Alumnus * Partial or full gift in-kind 38 39 Agnes C. Bourne Cooper Spirits John and Margot Ernst Mr. and Mrs. Robert A. Graves International Merchandising The Honorable Eugene A. Ludwig and Donors to the Smithsonian Mr. and Mrs. Curtis F. Bradbury, Jr. Ron and Barbara Cordover Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Lisa Sharf Green and Eric A. Green corporation dr. Carol L. Ludwig P.J. Braden (Gryphon Technologies) (Cordover Family Foundation) EU Services Mr. and Mrs. Michael D. Greenbaum International Network of M&A Partners Mr. and Mrs. Alan H. Lund Recognizing Our Benefactors Mr. Daniel Brewster Corporate Council on Africa Mr. and Mrs. John Fahey Marilyn Grossman International Students House The Lunder Foundation Bristol Bay Native Corporation Covington & Burling Fairfax County Convention and Ms. Barbara Guggenheim and The Island Fund in the New York Mr. Anthony V. Lupo Mr. and Mrs. Richard A. Brodie Creative Public Relations Visitors Corporation mr. Bertram Fields (Guggenheim, community Trust Mr. and Mrs. Robert D. MacDonald $10,000 or more Associated Press (First Protocol, Inc.) Mr. and Mrs. Jere Broh-Kahn Crescent Stonco Exceline Fannie Mae asher Associates, Inc.) Mr. Kumar Javeri Mr. and Mrs. Bruce Maclennan Anonymous Association for Postal Commerce Mrs. Gisele Galante Broida Crest Photography Inc. FBB Capital Partners Hachette Filipacchi Jenner & Block, LLP @radical media, inc. Association of Corporate Travel Bromley Communications Mr. Paul W. Critchlow Federal Home Loan Mortgage Mr. Albert Hadley Ms. Shirley Z. Johnson and 630 WMAL executives Mrs. James J. Brown Mr. Eldon H. Crowell corporation The Frederic C. Hamilton mr. Charles Rumph 94.7 The Globe* AZA Conservation Endowment Fund Larry and Shelly Brown Mr. Jeffrey P. Cunard FedEx Corporation family Foundation‡ Jorden Burt LLP Talbert & Leota Abrams Foundation Mr. Bendrix Lee Bailey Mr. and Mrs. Randy Brown Mr. Robert H. Cunliffe Mr. Francisco Ernesto Fernandez Mrs. Gloria Shaw Hamilton JPMorgan Chase & Co. Anne and Ronald Abramson Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp. Ms. Magalen O. Bryant Mr. Stephen M. Cunningham holmann Mr. Frederick Hammersley Kahn Brothers LLC (Abramson Family Foundation, Inc.) Ms. Elizabeth Ballantine and Dr. Rogene A. Buchholz Mr. and Mrs. John R. Curtis Ferrari Maserati of Washington* Ms. Ruth Ann Harnisch The Katzenberger Foundation, Inc. ABS CBN International* mr. Paul Leavitt Mr. and Mrs. J. Kevin Buchi CVS/pharmacy Nancy B. and Hart Fessenden HarperCollins Publishers* Dr. and Mrs. Ashok Kaveeshwar The Edith and Frances Mulhall Banco BPI The Bunting Family Foundation Mr. Ronald M. Daignault The Fine Foundation Harper’s Bazaar* Ms. Shelley Kay and Mr. Al Policicchio achilles Memorial Trust Banco de Investimento Global Ms. Deborah Burns Julia and Frank Daniels, Jr. Diane and Blaine Fogg Michael R. and Marlys G. Haverty and Miss Rajinder Kaur Keith Jan and Warren Adelson The Banks Association of Turkey Burns and Roe Enterprises, Inc. Peggy and Richard M. Danziger Fort Worth Zoo kansas City Southern‡ Anna-Maria and Stephen (Adelson Galleries, Inc.) C.R. Bard Inc. Butterfield & Robinson DC Energy Holdings, LLC Dr. Ella M. Foshay and Office of Hawaiian Affairs* kellen Foundation Aerojet Barbara and Craig Barrett‡ Mr. Conrad Cafritz Ms. Gabrielle Sheshunoff de Kuyper mr. Michael B. Rothfeld Roberta Lynn Hay Mr. and Mrs. Clinton Kelly III Air China* Captain Celia Barteau (Conrad Cafritz Charitable Trust) Decade Charitable Lead Annuity Trust Mr. Bradford M. Freeman Healy Foundation The Honorable and Mrs. Loren Kieve Mr. David C. Aldrich BASF Corporation Mr. and Mrs. Calvin Cafritz Dedalus Foundation Mr. and Mrs. John French III Drue Heinz Trust B.J. Killian Foundation Macy’s Foundation Stephen T. Alexieff Mr. Douglas Baxter Ms. Ernestine Calhoun Mr. and Mrs. Michael H. DeHavenon Ms. Julia W. Frick Charles W. and Miriam L. Heinzeroth Nancy and Rich Kinder, Mr. and Mrs. John W. Madigan Claudia R. Allen and Willis M. Allen, Jr. (Pace Wildenstein LLC) Calista Corporation (Georgia and Michael Albert and Marion Friedlander charitable Remainder Unitrust kinder Foundation‡ (Madigan Family Foundation)‡ Altria Group, Inc. BBDO Worldwide Canada Council for the Arts deHavenon Fund) Mr. Emanuel J. Friedman Mr. and Mrs. Brian C. McK. Henderson Ann and Gilbert H. Kinney Maharam Dr. and Mrs. Prakash Ambegaonkar John and Delores Beck Capitol Services, Inc. The Gladys Krieble Delmas Foundation (Friedman Billings Ramsey and The Jim Henson Legacy, Inc. Mr. Fred M. Kirby II Jean Bronson Mahoney (Northern Virginia Community (Beck Family Foundation) Mr. and Mrs. Richard W. Carroll Dr. Marion Deshmukh and company, Inc.) Hill and Knowlton, Inc. (F.M. Kirby Foundation) Barbara and Morton Mandel foundation) Mr. William J. Bell CB Richard Ellis, Inc. dr. Ashok Deshmukh Ms. Virginia Fulton Hillel: The Foundation for Jewish Mr. and Mrs. Edward Kittredge Mansueto Ventures, LLC American Academy of Pediatric (Bell Family Foundation) Giuseppe and Mercedes Cecchi Deutsche Bank (The Virginia Fulton campus Life John and Susan Klein Manzanillo International Terminal - dentistry Mr. Scott K. Belsky Chaney Foundation Mr. and Mrs. Charles D. Dickey, Jr. charitable Gift Fund) Henry L. Hillman Foundation‡ Michèle Gerber Klein and panama, S.A. American Airlines (Rita J. and Stanley H. Kaplan Charles Schwartz & Sons Inc. Direct Supply, Inc. Fundación Fonalledas, Inc. Barron Hilton jeffrey P. Klein The Maren Fund of the Philanthropic American Association of Advertising foundation, Inc.) Mr. Sant S. Chatwal Disney Worldwide Conservation Fund Fundación Smithsonian de Panama Himalayan Youth Foundation Philip Koether and Marc Curyer collaborative, Inc. agencies, Inc. Catherine and Ralph Benkaim (WB SheffieldH otel NY Lessee, LLC) Donald J. and Helen D. Douglass Mr. Lance Funston Irene Y. Hirano Koniag, Inc. Linda A. Mars American Bankruptcy Institute Mr. Timothy Choate Doyon, Limited Mr. Larry Gagosian Ruth S. Holmberg‡ Lt. Col. and Mrs. William Karl Konze Ms. Mary Martell and Mr. Paul Johnson American Bar Association (Mostyn Foundation) Jamie Drake (Gagosian Gallery, Inc.) Mr. Allan M. Holt The Korea Foundation Martha Stewart Living The American Institute of Architects Christie’s Jean and Louis Dreyfus Mr. and Mrs. David K. Ganek (The Hillside Foundation, Inc.) Dr. David and Roma Korris Masterfoods USA American International Group, Inc (AIG) Mr. and Mrs. Percy Chubb III foundation, Inc. Shelby and Frederick Gans Ms. Hanna Lore Hombordy The Honorable Colleen Kotelly and James and Marsha Mateyka American Roentgen Ray Society Chugach Alaska Corporation The Max and Victoria Dreyfus Mr. Jeff Garrett Mr. William L. Hopkins and mr. John T. Kotelly Mr. James Mathews American Society for Reproductive CICP Foundation, Inc. foundation Inc. (Mid-American Rare Coin mr. Richard B. Anderson Mr. Reed Krakoff Ms. Marcia V. Mayo medicine The CIGNA Foundation Ms. Debbie Driesman and galleries, Inc.) The Horatio Alger Association Kraus Family Foundation (The Mayo Charitable Foundation) Amgen Foundation CIRCA mr. Frank Islam Henrietta Gates and Heaton Robertson Mr. Alan F. Horn Mr. Robert Krissel Mazuri Exotic Animal Nutrition An Exhibition Group, Inc. Ms. Ella Cisneros Ms. Lois Sherr Dubin The George Washington University (A. and C. Horn Trust) Ms. Nanette L. Laitman (Land O’Lakes Purina Feed, LLC) Major General William A. Anders, (Ottoman International (Theodore Dubin Foundation) Ms. Angela Gilchrist* Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence A. Hough (William & Mildred Lasdon The Eugene McDermott Foundation usaf (Ret.) and Mrs. Anders investments) Robert L. Dwight Global Imagination (Lawrence A. and Kathleen M. foundation) McDermott, Will & Emery M.D. Anderson Foundation The CIT Group, Inc. Dr. Sylvia A. Earle‡ Becky and David Gochman hough Family Fund) Mr. and Mrs. James J. Lally Mr. Nion McEvoy Mr. Philip F. Anschutz Citigroup Foundation Earth Share William T. Golden and Houston Endowment, Inc. Lancesoft, Inc. John P. McGovern Foundation (The Anschutz Foundation)‡ Mr. Joe Clark Mr. Barney A. Ebsworth catherine Morrison Golden Howard Ruby Photography Launch, Inc. Mr. and Mrs. Arnold B. McKinnon Apollo Diamond, Inc. Diane & Norman Bernstein Foundation Mr. and Mrs. Peter Claussen‡ Dean S. Edmonds Foundation Goldman, Sachs & Co. Howard University Lee Kum Kee (USA) Inc. Medical Modeling, Inc. Charles F. Appel and Lillian F. Jane and Raphael Bernstein/Parnassus Clear Channel Communications Mr. Mark Ein Richard and Rhoda Goldman Fund HSBC Bank USA, N.A. Aimee and Robert Lehrman Mr. Richard Meier appel Charitable Trust Foundation Cleary, Gottlieb, Steen & Hamilton Mr. and Mrs. Michael D. Eisner Mr. Tom Gores HSBC Panamá Thelma and Melvin Lenkin (The Richard Meier Foundation) Aratani Foundation Mr. Judah Best Mr. J. Donald Cline (The Eisner Foundation)‡ Graham Foundation for Advanced ICF Consulting Group, Inc. Ms. May Liang and Mr. James Lintott Dr. Charles A. Menzie (Exponent, Inc.) Ms. Mary Anne Ares-Borcky Ms. Ann Bissell Mr. and Mrs. Robert Clopine ELLE DECOR studies in the Fine Arts Infectious Diseases Society of America The Link Foundation Ms. Friedrike Merck (Ortho-Clinical Diagnostics) Mr. David C. Blackburn The Coby Foundation, Ltd., New York Ellison Family Foundation Drs. Mark Graham and Innovative Federal Strategies, LLC Gordon F. Linke and Jocelyn B. Merrill Lynch Trust AREVA NP Blackstone Group L.P. Coeur D’Alene Tribal Council Energias do Brasil laneta Dorflinger, and their family Intellectual Property Owners linke Foundation Metal Powder Industries Federation Armed Forces Communications & Barbara and James Block Mr. Arthur Cohen (LaPlaca Cohen, Inc.) The Enfranchisement Foundation Mr. Ray A. Graham III Education Foundation LIOBmedia* Ms. Pauline C. Metcalf electronics Association Mr. and Mrs. Charles Block Naomi & Nemehiah Cohen Foundation Environ International Corporation (Elizabeth Firestone-Graham International Advertising Association Inc. Dr. Michael L. Lomax (Felicia Fund Inc.) Arnold & Porter LLP The Herb Block Foundation Mr. Bruce B. Collette Dr. Steven E. Epstein foundation) International Community Foundation Mr. and Mrs. Robert E. Long, Jr. Metropolitan Center for Ms. Julie Aselstine and Bloomberg Embassy of Colombia (W.L. Lyons Brown, Jr. The GRAMMY Foundation Loudoun Convention and far Eastern Art Studies mr. Martin J.G. Glynn Mr. Adam Bly (Seed Media Group) Colón Container Terminal, S.A. charitable Foundation) Mrs. Taylor P. Grasty Visitors Association Metropolitan New York Library Council Ashton-Potter (USA) Ltd. Consulate General of the Netherlands Anton C. Love Mexican Cultural Institute

‡ Smithsonian National Board Alumnus * Partial or full gift in-kind 40 41 Mr. and Mrs. Richard T. Schlosberg III‡ Ann and Marshall Turner $5,000 or more Earl F. Clayton Dr. and Mrs. Robert S. Ellis Donors to the Smithsonian Ambassador and Mrs. Rockwell Twentieth Century Fox Film Anonymous Cleveland Development Center Mr. Steven A. Elmendorf schnabel (Rockwell and Marna corporation AES Corporation The Vicky Collins Emergency Committee for Recognizing Our Benefactors schnabel Foundation) University of New Orleans Mr. Brian Aitken charitable Foundation american Trade Elizabeth A. Schreiber Univision Communications, Inc. Ron and Marcy Allen Columbus Zoological Park Association Environmental Leadership Center of Schuchart/Dow (Univision Management Co.) Alston & Bird, LLP Congressional Medal of Honor Warren Wilson College Ms. Elizabeth E. Meyer The Northern Trust of Florida Dr. and Mrs. Robert C. Seamans, Jr. US Trust American Fidelity Foundation foundation Sr. Ovidio Diaz Espino (The Island Fund) Mr. Peter Norton Ms. Ruth O. Selig Socorro and Ernesto Vasquez American-Scandinavian Foundation Edward H. and Kaye L. Cook Ms. Mary C. Ewing Millennium bcp Numismatic Guaranty Corporation The Selz Foundation Vermont Oxford Network, Inc. Mr. and Mrs. Rand Araskog Mrs. Esther L. Coopersmith Ms. Ines Farrajota Mr. and Mrs. Augustus C. Miller‡ Mr. and Mrs. Morris W. Offit Seminole Tribe of Florida Vital Projects Fund Inc. Mr. Arthur W. Arundel Ms. Suzi Cordish Dr. Kristian Fauchald Constance Corcoran Miller Ogilvy & Mather Shirley and Ralph Shapiro Volunteer Lawyers for the Arts Mr. J.T. Atherton and (The Cordish Family Fund) Mr. and Mrs. Arthur A. Feder Mr. Howard P. Milstein‡ Daniel and Rebecca Okrent Mr. Frederic A. Sharf Wakefern Food Corporation mrs. Stefanie Grimm-Atherton Dr. Wanda M. Corn Fine Art Dealers Association Ministry of Culture, Portugal OLIN (Jean S. & Frederic A. Sharf Fund) Ms. Jeanette M. Walke Mr. and Mrs. W.S. Atherton (Terra Foundation for American Art) Mrs. Marjorie M. Fisher MIX 107.3 FM Olson Sundberg Kundig Allen Mr. and Mrs. Burton J. Reiner Mr. and Mrs. James Shinn Mr. Douglas C. Walker Milton and Sally Avery Arts Foundation Ms. Brenda Cotsen and Mrs. Shirley M. Fisher Moet Hennessy USA Inc.* architects Research Society on Alcoholism and Mr. and Mrs. Jack D. Shumate Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. Jane G. and Jon C. Axton mr. Jeffrey Benjamin Ms. Martha J. Fleischman Mondriaan Foundation Oneida Tribe of Indians of Wisconsin international Society for Biomedical Robert A. Siegel Auction Galleries, Inc.* The Washington Examiner Anne and Raymond Baddour Ruth Covo Family Foundation Mr. and Mrs. Joseph G. Fogg III The Monteforte Foundation Janice C. and Roger B. Oresman research on Alcoholism David & Lyn Silfen Foundation‡ Washington FAMILY Magazine* Mr. and Mrs. Robert D. Bailey Ms. Allison Stacey Cowles and Foley & Lardner Montgomery College Organization of Chinese Americans Mrs. Lucy S. Rhame The Gertrude E. Skelly Washington Life Magazine* Judson C. Ball Revocable Trust mr. Arthur Sulzberger‡ Mr. Christopher Forbes Gary and Michelle Moore Mr. and Mrs. David M. Osnos (The C.K. Williams Foundation) charitable Foundation Washington Parent Banco de la República The Cowles Charitable Trust (Forbes Foundation) Mr. Rene Morales Carazo Otsuka America Pharmaceutical, Inc. Frank K. Ribelin Small-Alper Family Foundation, Inc. washingtonpost.com Mr. Richard Colin Barkell CREO Ms. Debra J. Force Mr. and Mrs. Paul S. Morgan‡ Mr. and Mrs. Donald E. Owen Ridgewell’s, Inc.* Mr. and Mrs. Robert N. Snyder Mr. and Mrs. Jack H. Watson, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Will Barnet Crescentera, Inc. (Debra Force Fine Art, Inc.) Pearl and Seymour Moskowitz Mr. Richard S. Paegelow James Riepe Family Foundation (Cambridge Information Group) Mrs. Ruth L. Webb Louise R. Beale CTIA - The Wireless Association Mr. Jaime Frankfurt Susan and Furman Moseley‡ Mrs. Barbara R. Palmer Steve and Celia Roady Society for Interventional Radiology Ellen Bayard Weedon Foundation Mr. William Lee Beasley CureSearch Mr. Russell Frey and Ms. I-Min Chao Mr. Henry R. Muñoz III (The Palmer Foundation, Inc.) Richard H. Robb and Rebecca E. Crown Mr. William Sofield Audrey and Ken Weil Mr. and Mrs. David E. Behring (National Childhood Cancer Bob and Jill Fri (Kell Muñoz Architects, Inc.)‡ H.O. Peet Foundation Dr. and Mrs. Kenneth X. Robbins Sotheby’s, Inc. Mr. and Mrs. James Weinberg Ms. Susan Beningson foundation) Mr. and Mrs. Robert J. Friedlander Curtis & Edith Munson Foundation The Penn Foundation Sara Roby Foundation Space Telescope Science Institute Mr. Paul E. Wellington Dr. and Mrs. Irwin R. Berman Friedman French Foundation, Inc. Mr. Miki Naftali Pentagram Design, Inc. David Rockefeller Spanierman Gallery, LLC Wenner-Gren Foundation for Ms. Lorraine Wrightson Besch Mr. and Mrs. Thomas L. Friedman NALP - The Association for Legal Pharmaceutical Research and Ms. Sascha Rockefeller Dr. Harry Wayne Springfield anthropological Research Beyer Blinder Belle (Ann B. and Thomas L. Friedman career Professionals manufacturers of America Rocks Build America Foundation Sprint Foundation Nina W. Werblow Charitable Trust Richard and Elaine Binder family Foundation) NAMM - International Music Products Kay and Dave Phillips‡ Mr. David Rockwell Starbucks Coffee Company White House Historical Association Ms. Jane M. Black The Honorable William H. Frist, association Mr. and Mrs. John L. Plueger (Rockwell Architecture Planning & Mr. and Mrs. J.O. Stewart Whitmore Group Blank Rome, LLP frist Foundation National Association of Insurance Mr. Don Polan design PC) (Marlene and J.O. Stewart, Jr. Whole Foods Market Ms. Jacqueline Blank Ms. Kathryn S. Fuller commissioners Polo Ralph Lauren Corporation* Mr. and Mrs. Edward Rose foundation) WHUR Radio Blanks Printing & Imaging* (The Summit Charitable National Association of Realtors Mr. and Mrs. William A. Potter Samuel G. Rose and Julie Walters Mr. Stanford C. Stoddard Mr. James E.F. Willard Janet Hoggard Blocker foundation) National Association of Water Stephen and Benita Potters Rosenthal Jaguar & Land Rover (Stoddard Family Foundation, Inc.) Randall and Teresa Willis Count and Countess Peder Bonde Fundación Pantaleón companies Mrs. Peter G. Powers Arthur Ross Foundation Ms. Patricia Q. Stonesifer and Wilmer, Cutler & Pickering Mr. and Mrs. Timothy J. Bork Furthermore: a program of the National Federation of Independent Ms. Marla Prather and The Judith Rothschild Foundation mr. Michael E. Kinsley Mr. Eli Wilner The Honorable Stephen F. Brauer and j.M. Kaplan Fund business mr. Jonathan Schiller Shelley and Donald Rubin Foundation (The Stonesifer/Kinsley Family Fund) (Eli Wilner & Company, Inc.) mrs. Brauer (Stephen F. & Camilla Fxfowle Architects, PC National Film Preservation Foundation Premium Distributors of Fiona and Eric Rudin Ms. Marion Boulton Stroud Edgar Wilson Trust t. Brauer Charitable Trust)‡ Mr. Philip R. Currie Martha and Paul Gaffney National Hispanic Medical Association Washington, DC L.L.C. Mr. David Rumsey SunTrust Banks, Inc. Ms. Jeanne Wilson Embassy of Brazil Ms. Lynn G. Cutler Gannett National Indian Gaming Association PRIME Strategies Inc. Mr. O. Frank Rushing, Jr. and Jane and Leopold Swergold Withers Bergman LLP The Brimstone Fund (Holland & Knight Charitable Genesee & Wyoming Inc. and National Japanese American Memorial The Principal Foundation, Inc. ms. Justine Simoni Roselyne Chroman Swig WJLA-ABC 7 Marsha and Kenneth Brookler foundation, Inc.) related Companies foundation The Procter & Gamble Company Ms. Louise Russell, Ph.D. Swiss International Air Lines, Ltd.* Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company Elizabeth Broun Ms. Marcia Cypress Sumner Gerard Foundation National Marine Sanctuary Foundation ProQuest Mrs. Arthur M. Sackler Switch & Data Management Company Wolfensohn Family Foundation BSW Foundation D. Wigmore Fine Art, Inc. Ms. Elizabeth A. Germain Natixis Global Associates Prudential Financial (AMS Foundation for the Arts, Mr. and Mrs. Jackson P. Tai‡ Sue Ann Wolff Mr. and Mrs. Gerald E. Buck Mr. Don W. Dahlgren (Alston & Bird, LLP) NBC Thomas and Jamie Pumpelly sciences and Humanities)‡ Telemundo World Cocoa Foundation Mrs. Melva Bucksbaum Dr. and Mrs. Worth B. Daniels Mr. and Mrs. Patrick A. Gerschel NBC4/WRC-TV Mrs. Rita J. Pynoos Sacramento Metropolitan The Tewaaraton Award Foundation WTOP 103.5 FM Radio (The Martin Bucksbaum (The Jane & Worth B. Mr. and Mrs. Gordon P. Getty Dr. Homer A. Neal Quapaw Tribe chamber of Commerce Texas Instruments Incorporated Yellow Book, USA family Foundation) daniels, Jr. Fund) (Ann & Gordon Getty Foundation) Mr. Paul Neely Mr. and Mrs. Frank J. Quirk Sager Family Traveling Foundation & Dr. and Mrs. F. Christian Thompson Dr. Soon-Young Yoon and W. Clark and Karen C. Bunting The Charles Delmar Foundation John A. and Lile R. Gibbons Lt. Col. Frank D. Neill, Jr. (Ret.) Mr. and Mrs. William M. Ragland, Jr. roadshow Ms. Joyce Ann Thurston mr. Richard M. Smith (The Richard Uschi and Bill Butler Deloitte Dr. and Mrs. George McC. Gill The Neiman Marcus Group, Inc. (Triangle Community Foundation) Charles E. Sampson Memorial Fund Toffler Associates Inc. m. Smith Charitable Fund) Mr. Edward Ogden Cabot Mr. Niels Diffrient and Mr. Louis Giuliano New Breed Corporate Services Rainbow Media Holdings, LLC (The Bank of New York Co., Inc.) Tommy Bahama Rum Ms. Judy Yoss Mrs. Wayne Calloway ms. Helena Hernmarck Gluckman Mayner Architects New Tourism & Harmony Pro, LLC Hugh A. Rand Mrs. Betty Sams Toshiba America, Inc. Mr. Fred M. Young, Jr. Cambridge Trust Company Digital City Kiosks Ms. Joanne M. Gold and New York Community Trust Random House, Inc. Mr. and Mrs. B. Francis Saul II Total Event Productions, Inc. Ms. Lauren Zalaznick and The Keith Campbell Foundation Disney Home Entertainment mr. Andrew A. Stern New York Mint Ltd. Mrs. Lois S. Raphling Savoy Entertainment and Mr. Ted Townsend mr. Phelim Dolan for the Environment Mary Anna and Timothy A. Eaton Mr. Henry H. Goldberg The New York State Council (Sylvia and Alexander Hassan productions, LLC Toyota Motor Corporation Judy Francis Zankel Capital Guardian Educational Ventures Inc. Golden Artist Colors Inc. on the Arts family Foundation) Diane H. Schafer and Jeffrey A. Stein Trident Capital, Inc. The Zug Family: Mr. Vincent R. Castro El Tiempo Latino Mr. Larry A. Goldstone NewsChannel 8 Mr. Robert Rea (The Lucy Foundation) True Oldies 105.9 FM george, Pat, Jon and Erin (The CDM Group, Inc.) El Zol 99.1 FM Radio Mr. and Mrs. C. Michael Gooden Dr. Van-Thanh Nguyen Phillip and Elizabeth Reed Bennett & Leah Schlenger CFED Greenbrier Investments, L.L.C. Nielsen Media Research, Inc. philanthropic Fund Chatterjee Charitable Foundation George Gund III and Iara Lee Mr. Christopher Childs Mr. John H. Gutfreund

‡ Smithsonian National Board Alumnus * Partial or full gift in-kind 42 43 Mrs. Linda Marcus Mr. Richard James Price The Strachan Foundation Barbara Bantivoglio Colgate-Palmolive Company Donors to the Smithsonian Mr. Terence H. Marshall Ms. Judy Lynn Prince Ms. Stephanie Strass and Mr. and Mrs. Albert H. Barclay Mr. and Mrs. Daniel F. Collins‡ Mr. and Mrs. David B.H. Martin, Jr. Printing Industries of America, Inc. mr. Carlton Neville Dr. and Mrs. John W. Barrett Mr. Ray Colliver Recognizing Our Benefactors Mr. and Mrs. Frank Martucci‡ Anthony and Jeanne Pritzker Mr. Jerry Straus Mr. and Mrs. Robert A. Bartlett, Jr. Tom and Noel Congdon‡ Mass Operating, LLC family Foundation (Hobbs, Straus, Dean & Walker) Baskin-Robbins USA, Inc. Ms. Catherine M. Conover Mrs. Barbara Mathes Puerto Rico Convention Bureau Mrs. Elizabeth Strong-Cuevas Mr. and Mrs. Everett H. Bayliss Mr. Richard P. Cooley Mr. Harry Hagendorf Suzanne Denbo Jaffe (Barbara Mathes Gallery, Inc.) Ms. Sarah Pyle sutherland Mr. and Mrs. T.E. Beck, Jr. Dr. Ronald M. Costell and Mr. Rick Hall and Ms. Nicole Arwood Robert L. and Anne K. James‡ Bruce and Jolene McCaw Mr. Enrico L. Quarantelli Dr. Michael M. and Janice R. Sveda The Honorable Anthony C. Beilenson ms. Marsha E. Swiss Mr. and Mrs. Yoel and Eva Haller Ms. Wendy Jeffers and Tom and Brenda McDaniel Ms. Christina Rifkin Amanda and George Sykes and Mrs. Beilenson Melissa Courtney Mr. and Mrs. M. Hill Hammock mr. Anthony Orphanos Gilbert and Jaylee Mead Mary Livingston Ripley Teatro Goldoni* The Dorothy G. Bender Foundation Mr. Douglas S. Cramer Hasbro, Inc. Mr. Charles Edward Johnson (Gilbert and Jaylee charitable Lead Trust Mr. and Mrs. William Teel John and Marinka Bennett Patrisha C. Creevy, PAC Ms. Kitty S. Hawks (The Charlotte and Edward K. mead Family Foundation) Toni A. Ritzenberg Mr. Richard E. Thompson Dr. John Benson Mr. Andrew Cullinan Hayes & Associates Wheeler Foundation) Herman and LaDonna Meinders The Aileen K. and Brian L. Roberts Flora L. Thornton Foundation Mr. Thomas K. Berger Betty Cuningham Gallery Heifer International Mr. and Mrs. Mark J. Johnson Mr. Gary Wygant Menconi & Schoelkopf Fine Art foundation Mr. and Mrs. Ranvir K. Trehan Mrs. Ruth Biggerstaff Berman Karen L. Daigle, MD Mr. Robert F. Hemphill, Jr. and Mr. and Mrs. Evan Jones (Coca-Cola Enterprise Bottling Metropolitan Home Suzanne F. and Ralph J. Roberts Ms. Mamuka Tsereteli Mr. John S. Bevan General and Mrs. J.R. Dailey ms. Linda Powers Mr. Thomas Graham Kahn company) Mr. Bob Miller foundation (Georgian Association in the Bibliomania! Ms. Carol J. Davis Henderson Associates/Henderson (The Helen Matchett deMario Mr. and Mrs. Robert Yellowlees Mrs. Marie B. Miller Ms. Jane Washburn Robinson united States of America) Ms. Jackie Blum Mrs. Alexandra de Borchgrave travel Service foundation, Inc.) (Yellowlees Family Fund) Ms. Rebecca A. Miller and Room Service Furniture and Lillian Scheffres Turner and Barbara and William Boger Mrs. Roberto de Guardiola Mr. Francis J. Henry, Jr. Rita J. and Stanley H. Mr. Craig Zanon mr. Christopher J. Vizas II event Rentals* stephen R. Turner, Ph.D. Mr. and Mrs. Peter Q. Bohlin Ms. Laura de Jaager (Booz Allen Hamilton) kaplan Foundation, Inc. Ms. Katie M. Ziglar and Mr. Arthur J. Mirante II Mr. and Mrs. Benjamin M. Rosen UIDA Business Services Mr. and Mrs. William J.D. Bond Mr. Walter De Logi Susan and Robert L. Hermanos Karma Foundation mr. Dickinson Jenkins Miller Mr. Robert J. Mittman (The Benjamin M. Rosen Family (National Center for American Mrs. Howard M. Booth Jane DeBevoise and Paul Calello Martha Hertelendy Mrs. Marjorie Kartinos Mr. and Mrs. Charles H. Moore‡ foundation) indian Enterprise Development) Louise Bourgeois Trust Barbara and Jim Demetrion Paul Hertelendy‡ Mr. Michael Kassan $2,000 or more Admiral and Mrs. Roscoe M. Moore, Jr. Mr. Bruce E. Rosenblum Ullman Family Partnership Mr. Stephen S. Bowen Mr. and Mrs. Arun K. Deva Dr. and Mrs. Tommy L. Hewett Sheldon and Audrey Katz Anonymous Robert L. Morelli Foundation Mr. Mark Rosman Richard and Barbara Umbdenstock Dr. and Mrs. William B. Boyd Mr. and Mrs. George Dillon‡ Dr. and Mrs. A. Dodge Hill The Charles and Agnes Kazarian 3M Ms. Charlotte Moss and Alfred and Jane Ross Foundation United Dance Merchants of America Mr. and Mrs. John M. Bradley‡ DLA Piper US LLP Mrs. Olga Hirshhorn eternal Foundation Mr. and Mrs. Ernest B. Abbott mr. Barry S. Friedberg Tom and Bonnie Rosse United States Department of Ms. Patricia A. Bradley Mr. and Mrs. Dale F. Dorn (Olga & Joseph H. Hirshhorn Ms. Anne B. Keiser and Mrs. Louis Aborn Mr. Hanno Mott (Rosse Family Charitable agriculture Alice Huchting Bragg (Joseph H. Thompson Fund) foundation, Inc.) dr. Douglas M. Lapp Mr. Hugh T. Adams Mr. Stanley Motta foundation, Inc.) University of Maryland College Park Mr. and Mrs. Richard Braun Ms. Kathleen M. Doyle Miss Cathryn E. Hoehn Henry B. & Jessie W. Keiser Addison Design Company Mr. Fables Wildlife Conservation Fund Mr. and Mrs. Matthew V. Roswell foundation Bresler Family Foundation (William Doyle Galleries) (The Hoehn Family foundation, Inc. Mr. and Mrs. Adewale Adeosun “Footsteps” Mr. and Mrs. D. Collins Roth University of Texas at El Paso Mr. Charles Brickbauer and Ms. Lacy Davisson Doyle charitable Trust) The David Woods Kemper Mr. Alan Adler Mrs. Barbara R. Munves Mr. and Mrs. Nicholas C. Ruffin U.S. China Business Council mr. Bernhard Hildebrandt Dreyers Mr. Hubert N. Hoffman III memorial Foundation‡ Aerospace Services International Helen M. Murway Joyce and Donald Rumsfeld Foundation Mr. Jan van der Lande Dr. and Mrs. John B. Brough Ms. Mary N. Dryden (Hoffman Management Company) Dona S. Kendall‡ Mr. and Mrs. James E. Akins National Center for Family Literacy The Arthur M. Sackler Foundation (Kikkerland Design, Inc.) Mr. and Mrs. Christopher Buck Mr. and Mrs. Raymond DuBois Mr. and Mrs. Donald R. Keough Ralph and Birdie Albers National Congress of American Indians The Safer-Fearer Fund in the New York Mr. and Mrs. Carl R. Varblow Mr. and Mrs. Kenneth A. Buckfire Dulles Foundation Club Mr. James V. Kimsey Phil Alexandre (Alexandre Gallery) Native Americans in Philanthropy community Trust (Varblow Family Foundation) Dr. John H. Buckner Mr. and Mrs. Charles A. Duncan (Kimsey Foundation) Mr. and Mrs. William C. Allbert Ms. Katherine M. Nicholson Mrs. Lily Safra Venable Foundation Mr. Andrew Bullion Edge Research* Mr. and Mrs. Norman V. Kinsey Alliance for Downtown New York, Inc. Mr. and Mrs. William A. Nitze SAGE ViaGen, Inc. Mr. and Mrs. I. Townsend Burden III Ms. Jean Efron Dr. Rebecca Klemm Allstate Insurance Companies Mr. and Mrs. Wilson Nolen Saks Fifth Avenue Mr. and Mrs. Ladislaus von Hoffmann Ms. Rita Burke Elderhostel Inc. Mr. Andrew Kossow Ms. Carolyn Small Alper Mr. Ronald Norick John and Virginia Sall Ms. Kelly Vrana Mr. Jason Burnett (Burnett Family Fund) The Enchanted Garden Studio of Mr. Pete Kourtis Mrs. Marilynn Alsdorf (Oklahoma City Community Mr. Daniel H. Sallick Waka Foundation Bushnell Sports Optics Worldwide ridgefield, CT Dr. Victor and Ada Kugajevsky Mr. and Mrs. Samuel A. Alward foundation) Mr. Luis Filipe Ferreira Bento Santos Mr. John E. Walsh Cabot Creamery Mr. and Mrs. Richard England Mr. and Mrs. John W. Kunstadter American Institute of Graphic Arts Occidental Petroleum Corporation Mrs. Sandra K. Schlachtmeyer Mr. Paul F. Walter California Tortilla Mr. Xavier Fco. Equihua (Albert Kunstadter Family American Physical Therapy Association Oceanic Graphic Printing (USA), Inc. Robert L. and Mary T. Schneider Mr. and Mrs. Anthony Wang Capital Community News Mr. and Mrs. Giuseppe Eskenazi foundation) Mr. and Mrs. William S. Anderson Ms. Yoshie Ogawa Science Applications International (The Shoreland Foundation) Capital Q* Mr. and Mrs. James G. Evans, Jr. L2 Lounge* (William S. and Janice R. Ms. Julie G. O’Keefe corporation Lew O. Ward The Carlyle Group Ms. Jessie Ewing Cynthia Muss Lawrence anderson Foundation) (The Grayhorse Group Inc.) Ms. Dolores A. Sena Joan Washburn (Washburn Gallery) Virginia O. Carosi Mr. and Mrs. A. Huda Farouki Mr. Bruce Leighty Mr. Harold Andrus Organic Soul Multicultural Serta Mattress Company Washington Dulles International Mr. Dickie Carter Farr Miller & Washington LLC Mr. Thomas E. Hoffman Theodore W. and Barbara Ann Libbey Apple Computer, Inc. marketing Inc. Ms. V. Heather Sibbison airport Rotary Club (Urban Service Systems Corporation) Ms. Gabriela Febres-Cordero Hogan & Hartson Mr. John M. Liebes Arizona State University Foundation Pacific Coast Companies, Inc. Mr. Robert E. Slater The Washington Metropolitan Area Mr. Thomas H. Castro Robert and Betsy Feinberg Hong Kong Economic and Trade Office Dr. Bert Lies and Ms. Rosina Yue Bunty and Tom Armstrong Panda Express The Honorable Rodney E. Slater and transit Authority* Central Park Zoo Clinton and Elaine Fields Sir Joseph Hotung Mr. Michael Smith Liss Mr. and Mrs. Tom B. Arundel Mr. Jack S. Parker‡ mrs. Slater The Washington Post Company Capt. Eugene A. Cernan The Fifth Floor Foundation Nora Hsu and Barry C. Davis Mr. and Mrs. Meredith J. Long Asian Grille* Parsa Community Foundation Mr. Gregory A. Smith Welfare Foundation for Social and Chevy Chase Land Company FIJI Artesian Water* Philippa P.B. Hughes and Love’s Ms. Madeline Weinrib Atelier David and Doris Pawson The Soling Family Foundation cultural Affairs City Club of Washington* Mr. Joe Fisher dr. David R. Hughes Ms. Kayrene Lunday Embassy of Australia* Mr. and Mrs. Frank H. Pearl Mrs. Helen B. Spaulding‡ Mr. James Wendelken Mr. A. James Clark Ms. Sonia Florian David and Johanna Hurley Peter and Paula Lunder‡ Ms. Jeanne Azen (Pearl Family Fund) R. Julian and Margaret A. Mrs. Franc Wertheimer (Clark Charitable Foundation) (The Northern Trust Company) Miss Elizabeth Ann Hylton Macro International Inc. Mr. Peter Bacanovic Pearson Art Foundation Inc. stanley Charitable Trust Mr. Peter I. Wexler The Honorable Jeannine Smith Clark Forest City Rather Companies Mark and Carol Hyman Ms. Laura Magee Ballard Spahr Andrews & Ingersoll, LLP Mr. and Mrs. Roger D. Percy Margaret and Terry Stent Mr. Jack Wheeler and Dr. Charles H. Clark‡ Ms. Jacqueline Fowler Iced Media Mr. and Mrs. Creighton R. Magid Mr. and Mrs. Robert F. Bangert Ms. Brenda Toineeta Pipestem Joan and Marx Sterne White and Case Mr. and Mrs. Anthony A. Clifton The Henry J. Fox Trust I.D.E.O. Product Development The Honorable and Mr. William H. Plank Mrs. William C. Storey Ms. Estelle R. Wolf Mr. and Mrs. Wilmer Cody Mr. Robert Frasca International Fund for Animal Welfare mrs. Frederic V. Malek Polshek Partnership Architects Tiger Woods Foundation Mr. and Mrs. Lauren Colby Mr. Kazuharu Ishida Mrs. Charles Price World Wildlife Fund Coleopterists Society

‡ Smithsonian National Board Alumnus * Partial or full gift in-kind 44 45 The Kresge Foundation Dr. Yolanda T. Moses and Mr. and Mrs. Tim Ramsey Kathy Daubert Smith‡ Ms. Harriet Weintraub Jack Kelly & Partners Donors to the Smithsonian Mr. James Kubota mr. James Bawek Rand Construction Mr. and Mrs. W. Dean Smith Mr. John Whitaker Johnson & Johnson Mr. Mark A. Kuller Mr. and Mrs. James Mrazek Carol-Bird Ravenal, Ph.D. Mr. and Mrs. Jerry Snow The Whitehead Foundation‡ Kansas City Southern Recognizing Our Benefactors Dr. Richard Kurin (Frost and Noble Foundation) Earl C. Ravenal, Ph.D. Mr. Andrew Solomon and Mr. J. Scott Wilfong Knoll, Inc. Mr. and Mrs. Vello Kuuskraa Mr. Thomas D. Mullins‡ Ms. Sanae Iida Reeves mrs. John Habich Solomon (SunTrust Banks, Inc.) KPMG LLP (Advanced Resources International) Mr. and Mrs. Guy Muzio Allan and Lynne Reich Mr. Richard H. Solomon (Pace Primitive) Ms. Leslie S. Wilkes and Lehman Brothers Mr. and Mrs. Eric Potts Fraunfelter‡ Indique Heights* Mr. and Mrs. Philip Lader (Muzio Family Foundation) Rhode Island School of Design Solow Foundation ms. Marzanne Claiborne Liz Claiborne Inc. Mr. Giorgio Furioso Information Development Company, LTD LaMexicana Bakery* Ms. Diana K. Myers Mrs. Casey Ribicoff Mr. and Mrs. Serge Sorokko Robert Willasch Maharam Dr. Cheryl R. Ganz Mr. Karl Irons Latin Concepts Mr. R.J. Narang Mr. and Mrs. Jim Richman Mr. and Mrs. Edson W. Spencer‡ Mr. John Wilmerding Mars, Incorporated The Gem, Lapidary & Mineral Society Dr. Martin J. Irvine The Lauder Foundation, Leonard Shekar and Charu Narasimhan (Richman Family Foundation) Spink USA Inc. Mr. and Mrs. Thomas S. Woodson McKinsey & Company, Inc. of Washington, D.C., Inc. Dr. Richard Isaacson and Evelyn Lauder Fund National Association of Postal Marie W. Ridder Ms. Pat Steir Ms. Josephine Keating Woodward Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. Georgetown University Mr. Sebastian Izzard Mr. Randy Lazarus supervisors Miss Elizabeth Candida Ridout Ms. Sheila D. Stinson Mr. and Mrs. Andrew Wyeth Metropolitan Life Insurance Company Ms. Lucy Gettman (Sebastian Izzard LLC) (Humedco Corporation) National Beer Wholesalers Association Mr. Leonard S. Riggio Mr. and Mrs. Max D. Stites Microsoft Corporation Mr. and Mrs. Craig Gildner Mr. and Mrs. David S. Jernigan Ms. Denise C. LeClair-Robbins The National Capital Bank of (The Riggio Foundation) Ms. Carol Kay Stocker The Moody’s Foundation Ellen Glassman Docent Fund Mr. Philip C. Jessup, Jr. and Mrs. Amanda Leiter Washington Ritz Camera Centers Mr. and Mrs. George Stone SMITHSONIAN NACS - The Association for The GMK Family Fund dr. Helen I. Jessup Ms. Denise Riedel Lewis National Indian Health Board Mr. Joseph E. Robert III Mr. Eric Streiner convenience Stores & Petroleum Ms. Sibyl R. Golden CORPORATE MEMBERS Ellen Liman (Liman Foundation) National League of Postmasters Dr. Dorothy Robins-Mowry Style and Image Network* retailing Mr. J. Mark Goode Corporate memberships forge dynamic Mr. and Mrs. Robert E. Linton National Philatelic Exhibitions of Rochdale Investment Management LLC Subway Omni Shoreham Hotel Dr. Margaret A. Goodman ties with businesses nationwide and Tommy and Gill LiPuma Washington, D.C., Inc. Rona and Richard Roob Sandra L. Sully PEPCO Dr. and Mrs. Ronald Goodman provide important unrestricted support Louis Stern Fine Arts Ms. Juliana Nedd Mr. and Mrs. Francis C. Rooney, Jr. Susan Magrino Agency Pershing LLC Mr. and Mrs. Temple Grassi to Smithsonian education, research, Mr. Timothy Lynch Mr. John B. Newman Ms. Jena Roscoe Mr. Leland Swaner Pfizer Inc Joanne T. Greenspun and exhibition initiatives. The Honorable John D. Macomber and Mr. Audrey Newton Joseph Rosen Foundation Ms. Patricia S. Swaney Premium Distributors of Ms. Pamela Greer mrs. Macomber (John D. Niabi Zoological Society Leonard G. Rosen Charitable Gift Fund Tallula Restaurant & Eatbar* Washington, DC L.L.C. Mr. Harry Grubert 3M macomber Fund)‡ Halsey and Alice North Buddy Rosenthal Docent Fund Patricia and Henry Tang Russian American Arts Foundation, Inc. Mr. Erwin M. Gudelsky Anheuser-Busch Companies, Inc. Ms. Phyllis Mailman Northern Piedmont Community Mr. E. John Rosenwald, Jr. Mr. Steven B. Tanger S.C. Johnson & Son, Inc. Mr. and Mrs. Bruce Guthrie Altria Group, Inc. (The Mailman Foundation, Inc.) foundation (Monterey Fund, Inc.) Tell Foundation Saint-Gobain Ceramics Ms. Elizabeth W. Gwinn American Express Mr. William H. Mandel Ms. Cheryl Glickfield Numark Dr. Marc Rothenberg Mr. George R. Thompson sanofi-aventis Nancy E. Gwinn and John Y. Cole Arthur Pearl Investment Co., LLC Nancy and John Mannes (Glickfield Family Foundation) (Society for the History of Mr. and Mrs. John A. Thompson Sidwell Friends School Ms. Virginia Hamister Battelle Ms. Nancy D. Marek Mr. Joseph Nusbaum technology) Times Square Alliance Siemens Building Technologies Mark and Stephanie Handwerger Bayer Mr. David L. Marra Ocean Park Conservation Fund, Mr. and Mrs. Jeremy Rubenstein TowPath Renewable Ventures Siemens Mrs. Marjory R. Hansen Mr. Ken Johnson Booz Allen Hamilton Mr. and Mrs. James H.T. McConnell, Jr. hong Kong Ms. Sue Ruff Ms. Cynthia Merrifield Tripodi Sony Corporation of America Mr. and Mrs. Marion Edwyn Harrison‡ Bob and Lynn Johnston The Carlyle Group Mr. Charles McDonough Andrew Oliver and Melanie Du Bois Nancy and Clive Runnells‡ Mr. and Mrs. Peter R. Tyson Southern Company Harry’s Fresh Squeezed Juices* Mr. and Mrs. Michael B. Jones CB Richard Ellis, Inc. Ms. C. Gardner McFall and The One Campaign Mr. Vincent Sagart Ms. Dana Van Loon Sprint Nextel Corporation Mr. and Mrs. Richard C. Hedreen Mr. Michael S. Jones Center for Sustainable Energy mr. Peter F. Olberg Ms. Helene V. O’Neal Mr. and Mrs. Ted Salas Steel Cloud, Inc. Mr. and Mrs. Brian J. Heidtke Joseph Allen Images* CH2M Hill Companies, Ltd. Scott and Hella McVay‡ Mr. and Mrs. Donald Oresman Mr. Michael J. Saylor The Stratford Company (The Heidtke Foundation, Inc.) Mr. and Mrs. Stanton Jue Christie’s Mr. Gregory Melanson and Mr. John B. Osborn Mr. Barry Scher Target Heineken USA Inc.* Mr. Alan Robert Kabat The Chrysler Foundation mr. Daniel Anderson Ambassador Mary and Mrs. Walter Scheuer Teachers College Mr. Alan J. Heller Ms. Melinda Kaiser The City University of New York Ms. Lolo Mengel mr. Mandell J. Ourisman‡ Col. and Mrs. James M. Schroeder Texas Instruments Incorporated Gloria E. Bozeman Herndon, Ph.D. Mr. and Mrs. Louis Kaplan Clark Construction Group, LLC The Honorable Marilyn Logsdon Dian Graves Owen Foundation Seattle Indian Health Board Time Equities, Inc. Ms. Rose Herrmann Mr. George Kaufman The Coca-Cola Company mennello and Michael A. Mennello Rick Owens Security Moving and Storage Company Trevor Day School Ms. Caroline R. Herron and Mr. and Mrs. Pradman Kaul Con Edison Ms. Monica M. Michael Mr. Marc Pachter Vince and Leah Sedwick United Airlines mr. Jonathan E. Canis (The Kaul Family Foundation) Condé Nast Publications, Inc. Mr. and Mrs. William Michaelcheck PALCUS The Abe and Kathryn USM Modular Furniture Mr. and Mrs. I. Michael Heyman Mr. Clinton W. Kelly ConocoPhillips Louise Middlemiss Ms. Martha Parrish selsky Foundation, Inc. Velsor Properties, LLC Mr. and Mrs. Samuel J. Heyman Ms. Marie-Louise Kennedy Convent of the Sacred Heart Mr. Sidney Migdon Mr. and Mrs. Malcolm Peabody Mr. Patrick Seymour Volunteer Lawyers for the Arts (Annette Heyman Foundation, Inc.) Ms. Kimberly V. Kimball Deutsche Bank Mr. and Mrs. Carl Mikuletzky Peace Corps Mr. Michael J. Shannon The Walt Disney Company High Energy Holdings, LLC* Mr. and Mrs. Allan Kirk-Singer DuPont Mr. Alan S. Miller Mr. Paul L. Peck‡ Mrs. Barbara Stern Shapiro and Whole Foods Market Dr. Susan Hobbs and Mr. Gerald Toner Mr. William Kissinger The ELLE Group Lawrence and Iris Miller Ms. Laura Peebles mr. Bernard S. Shapiro Xerox Corporation Mr. and Mrs. Keith M. Hoffman Knoedler & Company ExxonMobil Mr. Samuel C. Miller Mr. J. Roby Penn IV Mr. Cameron M. Shay Ms. Monique Van Stiphout and Young Presidents’ Organization The Home Depot, Inc. Knoll, Inc. Fannie Mae Mr. and Mrs. Babak Minovi Mr. and Mrs. Roy Perry III (James Graham and Sons, Inc.) mr. Justin Connealy Mrs. Dorothy Hopper Mrs. Seymour H. Knox III Fidelity Investments Mr. Philip W. Mirabelli William and Antoinette Peskoff Mr. Peter L. Sheldon Velsor Properties LLC Ms. Nettie A. Horne and Mr. S. Haynes Ms. Deborah Knuckey The Financial Services Roundtable Ms. Jane G. Mitchell Mr. Charles M. Pigott‡ Shorb Land and Development Virginia Tourism Corporation Horne Family Foundation Dr. and Mrs. Wilfred R. Konneker Ford Motor Company Fund Ms. Joan Mitchell Ms. Christine Pitts company, Inc. Wabash College Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Horning, Jr. The Kraemer Family, Antiquaires - Paris Freeport-McMoRan Copper and Mr. and Mrs. Walter F. Mondale Embassy of Portugal Ms. Virginia Shore and Ms. Paula Wallace, Savannah College Mr. Eric R. Horowitz Kraft Foods gold Inc. (Elmore Foundation of the The Principia Corporation mr. Thomas Hardart of Art and Design Ms. Virginia G. Hough Kraushaar Galleries Fulbright & Jaworski L.L.P. saint Paul Foundation) Ms. Jenelle C. Prins Mrs. Joan S. Siedenburg Walt Disney World Company Howat Family Foundation Ms. Robyn S. Kravit Gaylord Entertainment Foundation Mrs. Betty M. Montgomery Prophet Juliet Lea Hillman Simonds Foundation Ms. Barbara Ann Watkins (John and Anne Howat) Ms. Anne E. Kreamer and General Electric Company Mr. and Mrs. Walter Moore David and Cheryl Purvis‡ Mr. and Mrs. Brad L. Skinner Ms. Mary Alice Waugh The Humanities Council of mr. Kurt B. Andersen Goldman, Sachs & Co. Mrs. Diane Morris Mr. Rangappa Rajendra and Dr. Herbert Sloan Ray T. Weeks Washington DC H. Stern Drs. Douglas and Susan Morrison mrs. Sarva M. Rajendra Ms. Alicia W. Smith Mrs. Edith A. Hunt (Hunt Family Fund) Honeywell Ms. Patricia Morton Mr. and Mrs. Darrell Smith The Honorable Bonnie McElveen Hunter IBM Corporation Mr. and Mrs. E. Maynard Smith‡ Imagination Stage The I. Grace Company, Inc.

‡ Smithsonian National Board Alumnus * Partial or full gift in-kind 46 47 JAMES SMITHSON Mr. and Mrs. Augustus C. Miller § Mr. and Mrs. Franklin Haney, Jr. Jamie and Jana Gylden* Mr. Bernie Beiser* Reverend James K. Donnell* James Smithson Society Marie E. Minnich, M.D. and Mrs. David R. Heebner* David and Sandra Haas Pearl Bell and Colonel Billie G. Matheson Miranda and Robert Donnelley SOCIETY, stephen J. Minnich, M.D.* Mr. and Mrs. John E. Herzog § Mrs. Eileen Hamilton Mr. and Mrs. Thomas E. Belshaw (The Donnelley Foundation) § Contributing Members and Friends Program THE CONTRIBUTING Mr. and Mrs. Charles H. Moore § Nora Hsu and Barry C. Davis* Ms. Virginia Hamister Mr. Jerome Belson Charles and Zully Dorr MEMBERSHIP Lester S. and Enid W. Morse* Mr. and Mrs. David Hugel Mr. and Mrs. Kelly R. Harris Ms. Nancy Benson Ms. Debbie Driesman and Mr. Frank Islam As one of the nation’s largest museum membership organiza- James Smithson Society members share Mr. Paul Neely § David S. and Pat Jernigan* Felicie and Paul Hartloff* Mrs. Pegi W. Bernard Mr. and Mrs. W. John Driscoll Mr. and Mrs. Morris W. Offit § Jack Kay* Penny and Dean Hatten David Bernstein and Deborah Brudno Mr. and Mrs. Joel Eacker tions, the Contributing Members and Friends program, now a deep commitment to the advancement of the Smithsonian through their dues Mr. and Mrs. Russell E. Palmer, Jr. § Shelley Kay and Al Policicchio* Patricia and Galen Ho Susan and Craig Berrington Mr. and Mrs. LeRoy Eakin III* in its forty-third year, is a family of 91,000 loyal Smithsonian and special gifts. List shows members as Mr. James D. Parker Mr. James M. Kemper, Jr. § Mrs. Robert Holmes Mr. Fred A. Berry Ms. Helen Eccleston* friends from across the nation. Member dues provided of September 30, 2008. Mr. and Mrs. Edwin Phelps* Mary Jane Kilhefner Ms. Vicki Howard Max N. and Heidi L. Berry § Adrienne M. Edens Mr. and Mrs. William M. Ragland, Jr. Marguerite and Gerry Lenfest § Dr. Rebecca Kenyon* Mr. W.G. and Ms. F. Mathewson Black Mr. and Mrs. Dean S. Edmonds $14.1 million in support to the Institution in 2008, one of the (Triangle Community Foundation) § Dr. Jerrold Levy and Maria Arias* Mr. and Mrs. Norman V. Kinsey* The Honorable Robert O. Blake and Miss Babs Eisman* Institution’s largest sources of unrestricted funds. Contributing Guild Members Philip and Elizabeth Reed* Dr. David Machuga Mr. Wayne E. Kurcz* mrs. Blake* Per E. Ellingsen* Membership support helps advance programs and scholarship, $10,000 or more Helen M. Reinsch* Ms. Mary Martell and Mr. Paul Johnson* Ken and Ruthann Lehr Mr. and Mrs. Robert Blancato Dr. and Mrs. John Esswein* share the nation’s treasures with the public, and further the Anonymous (3) The Honorable Ronald A. Rosenfeld and Mr. and Mrs. James H.T. McConnell, Jr. Ms. Jeanie Linders Mr. John H. Blazek* Marta P. and James G. Evans* Claudia R. Allen and Willis M. Allen, Jr. § mrs. Rosenfeld (Rosenfeld Family Richard and Vivian McCrary* George R. Marion Jonathan H. Boettger Mr. and Mrs. John A. Farrall Institution’s 162-year-old mission. Program participants Judy Hart Angelo and John M. Angelo § charitable Foundation)*§ Dennis and Patricia Miller Mr. and Mrs. Forrest E. Mars, Jr.* William M. Bomar* Christine R. Faser enjoy member benefits that deepen their appreciation of the Mr. Philip F. Anschutz Tony Rosenthal and Ruth Ganister Mr. Howard P. Milstein § Virginia Cretella Mars* Margaret W. and William J.D. Bond Mr. Jack K. Feirman* Smithsonian and its many accomplishments. (The Anschutz Foundation) § Mr. and Mrs. Douglas R. Scheumann § Mr. and Mrs. Michael A. Moran* Jane and John Morrison § Mrs. Howard M. Booth* Dr. and Mrs. Leslie H. and Barbara F. Fenton The Jean Axelrod Memorial Foundation* Mr. and Mrs. Richard T. Schlosberg III § Helen M. Murway* Ms. Marie L. Morrisroe Mr. Bennett Boskey* John and Diane Ference Barbara and Craig Barrett § For 32 years, James Smithson Society members have set an Paul and Deane Shatz* Mr. and Mrs. William A. Nitze* The Donald R. Mullen Family Foundation, Inc. Mr. and Mrs. Allen R. Boutz Mr. and Mrs. James J. Ferguson Mr. J. Kevin Buchi and David and Lyn Silfen Foundation § Rich and Denise Pender* Mrs. Don Carr Musick* Mr. Wayne Bowers Dr. and Mrs. Gerald Fischer example of personal philanthropy by the generous support dr. Kathleen M. Buchi* Dee M. Studler and Ronald Mund* Jane Plimpton Plakias* Robert Oaks* Mrs. Jane C. Bradley § Sandra J. Flowers, PhD they provide the Institution. Their help enables the Smithsonian Peggy and Ralph Burnet § Mr. and Mrs. Kelso F. Sutton Mrs. Charles L. Poor* Mr. and Mrs. Tim Ramsey* Mrs. Frances D. Bratton Mary and Henry Flynt, Jr.* to achieve new levels of excellence in its exhibitions, scientific Hacker and Kitty Caldwell § (Kelso F. and Joanna L. Sutton Fund) § Mrs. William E. Rapp* Mrs. Catherine A. Rein Professor and Mrs. James Breckinridge Phillip and Sara Fought Mr. and Mrs. Michael A. Callen* Mr. and Mrs. James C. Taylor § Mr. and Mrs. E.J. Reinsch Ms. Kristin Richardson § Charles and Fleur Bresler Mrs. Bonnie S. Franklin research, and areas such as preservation of collections and Mr. and Mrs. Richard O. Campbell § The Ruth and Vernon Taylor Foundation, MT § Mr. and Mrs. Edward Hart Rice* Toni A. Ritzenberg Dr. Karen Brock and Dr. Gil Brock Mr. and Mrs. Eric P. Fraunfelter § art scholarship. Mr. Thomas H. Castro § Mr. Douglas C. Walker § Lewis and Cynthia Rink Joe and Jan Rivers Mrs. Agnes M. Brown Michael Finan and Pamela Frazier Dr. Thomas A. Cellucci* Mallory and Diana Walker § Edward H. Sachtleben* Mr. and Mrs. Lewis Andrew Rothkopf Mr. and Mrs. David Brown Mrs. Charlton Friedberg* Spread over 48 states and hailing from as far away as Europe, L. John and Judy Clark Mr. George A. Weiss* Ms. Susan Scanlan Mr. and Mrs. Robert F.H. Sisson Karen and Edward A. Burka Ms. Virginia McGehee Friend* the Smithson Society’s 568 members enjoy access to the Mr. and Mrs. Peter Claussen § Betty Rhoads Wright* William A. and Heather W. Schoenborn* Robert D. Smith* Ms. Susan Burkhardt* Mr. and Mrs. David Morgan Frost Julia and Frank Daniels, Jr. § Madge Warden Selinsky* Patricia S. Swaney* Mr. and Mrs. Calvin Cafritz § Charlotte Frye Smithsonian through an array of members-only programs that Jim and Janet Dicke § Council members The Honorable Rodney E. Slater Mary and Steven Swig* Phyllis H. Carey Mary and Larry Futchik* includes lectures, tours, special events, and receptions with Mr. and Mrs. Charles D. Dickey, Jr. § $5,000 or more and Mrs. Slater § Craig and Catherine Weston* Dr. William H. Casson Ms. Kerry Galvin Smithsonian leadership. The James Smithson Society Annual Mr. and Mrs. Michael D. Eisner Anonymous (14) Mrs. Helen B. Spaulding § Gary S. and Lynne D. Wong Ralph J. Cazort* Mrs. Lois L. Gardiner* (The Eisner Foundation) § Warren Ross Anderson* Members’ Weekend, always a highlight of the year, culminated Sandra L. Sully* Dr. and Mrs. Wallace C. Wu* Vint and Sigrid Cerf Kathy Buckman Gibson* Mr. and Mrs. William Fisher § The Arctica and Abbey Foundation Mr. and Mrs. Jackson P. Tai § Jonathan L. Chang* Ian C. Gibson-Smith and David M. Womack in 2008 in an elegant black-tie dinner and reception in the Mr. and Mrs. Peter L. Frechette* Robert and Dawn Birmingham Frederick and Barbara Clark Telling Benefactor Members Pierre and Amy Chao Mr. Daniel Gilbert Smithsonian Castle and the adjoining Enid A. Haupt Garden. Mr. Bradford M. Freeman § Barbara and James Block* William E. Thomas, Jr. $2,000 or more Ms. Li Chu Karyn C. Gill and George McC. Gill, MD This year, the Smithson Society contributed $1.47 million in Mr. and Mrs. John French III § James E. Borleis* Jay and Toshika Tompkins Anonymous (53) Ms. Virginia B. Clark and Mr. Lane Taylor Mr. and Mrs. Steven Glazer Mr. Cary J. Frieze and Mrs. Rose Frieze The Honorable Stephen F. Brauer and Ms. Linda Vandeloop* Lucian Abernathy Mr. and Mrs. J. Donald Cline Dr. and Mrs. Clarence G. Glenn* unrestricted support to the Institution. Patricia and Phillip Frost § mrs. Brauer (Stephen F. & Camilla T. Jim and Richie Wright Neal B. Abraham and Donna L. Wiley Dale and Carole Cloyd Sarah and Seth Glickenhaus* Mr. and Mrs. Carl S. Gewirz* brauer Charitable Trust)*§ Ellen and Bernard Young* Dr. and Mrs. Samuel Webster Adams* Bruce E. Cobern Mr. Michael J. Glosserman Mr. and Mrs. John Paul Gill Ms. Anne M. Brimberg Ralph and Birdie Albers Mr. and Mrs. Wilmer Cody § Mr. Charles Goldsberry* The Frederic C. Hamilton Mark and Janice Buffler* Circle Members Mr. Terry L. Albertson and Mr. Frank Cogdell Mr. and Mrs. Max Gonzenbach* family Foundation § Donald W. Carl* $3,500 or more ms. Kathleen A. Blackburn* Melvin S. and Ryna G. Cohen* Agnes M. Grady Mr. and Mrs. Michael R. Haverty Judith L. Cherwinka Anonymous (4) Mr. L. Thomas Aldrich Mr. John K. Colgate, Jr. Doctors David and M.L. Oster Granite* (Kansas City Southern) § Dr. and Mrs. David A. Cofrin* Dr. Mayda Arias Mr. Terry G. Aldridge Ms. Ruth Boyer Compton Mr. and Mrs. John M. Green Catherine and Richard W. Herbst § Christopher Cope and Jamie Shaw Lucy and Rudy Arkin Ms. Doris Alexander William L. and Lucy Conley* Heather and Michael Greenbaum Irene Y. Hirano § Ms. Eva R. Cordes* Mr. and Mrs. G. Hall Barr The Honorable Samuel Alito Thomas S. Cook Colonel Owen L. Greenblatt Mr. and Mrs. Laurence Hirsch Don and Fin Cotton Susan and Thomas Baxter* Mr. and Mrs. Frederick Allen III Lori Cooke-Marra* Mrs. Alton B. Grimes Steven and Jane Hoch § Ms. Allison Stacey Cowles and Dr. Tyson E. and Mrs. Katherine M. Mr. and Mrs. Lambert E. Althaver* Richard P. Cooley § Mr. Erwin M. Gudelsky Ruth S. Holmberg § mr. Arthur Sulzberger § sutcliffe Becker William S. and Janice R. Anderson § Dr. and Mrs. James A. Corwin* Mr. Robert G. Gutenstein Judy and Bob Huret § Mrs. T. Richard Crocker* Mr. and Mrs. Jason R. Beresford Dr. and Mrs. Bryan Arling* Mr. and Mrs. Arthur R. Crawford Mr. and Mrs. Bruce Guthrie Nancy and Rich Kinder, Kinder Foundation § Karen L. Daigle, MD* Dr. George P. and Bonnie M. Bogumill* Mr. Terry Atkinson Patrisha C. Creevy, PAC Cynthia Gutkowski and Stanley J. Gutkowski Lt. Colonel and Mrs. William K. Konze Dr. and Mrs. Worth B. Daniels Dr. Mark S. Box* Mr. and Mrs. Donald G. Avery Mr. and Mrs. Robert Crippen* Corbin Gwaltney* Ms. May Liang and Mr. James Lintott* (The Jane & Worth B. Daniels, Jr. Fund)* Ms. Annelise Brand Mrs. Elliot A. Baines* Mrs. Leo C. Cunniff* Shawn Hadley and Matt Moore Peter and Paula Lunder § Mr. Richard Ditton Robert F. Bulens* Steven C. and LaRae M. Bakerink Mr. Lawrence W. Davis Ms. Lindsey Haggar* Mr. and Mrs. Robert D. MacDonald § Ralph and Patricia Dixon* George E. and Clare M. Burch Helen S. and Merrill L. Bank Foundation, Inc. Dr. and Mrs. Paul T. Davis* Mr. and Mrs. Bradley Hale* Elizabeth and Whitney MacMillan § Christopher Feldmann and Ms. Constance Carter Toby and Charlotte Barbey* Ms. Gloria F. Dehart* Adele and Donald Hall Mr. and Mrs. John W. Madigan laura Beauchamp Kay L. Clausen* Janine F. Barre* Arthur and Isadora Dellheim Foundation* Gloria Shaw Hamilton* (Madigan Family Foundation) § Miss Pilar A. Garcia* Cheryl Dronzek Rhoda and Jordan Baruch* Mr. and Mrs. Bernard G. and Mr. Daniel Richard Hammond The James Smithson Society Members’ Weekend attracted more than 350 attendees, John and Adrienne Mars*§ Mr. Alfred Glassell III Mr. and Mrs. Richard England, Sr.* John and Kathie Baumgart susan A. Dennis, Jr. Mark and Stephanie Handwerger including long-time members Bernard and Susan Dennis of Virginia (left) and William Margery and Edgar Masinter § Joanne T. Greenspun* Charles and Sylvia Erhart* John and Sally Beals Geert M. DePrest and Laura Travis-DePrest* Mr. and Mrs. Andrew Jackson Harris and Lela Poms of California (right), who visited at the welcome reception at the Robert Richard and Cynthia Foster Mr. Thomas F. Beddow Dr. and Mrs. William DeVries Daniel W. Harris and Arlene Kogod Courtyard of the Donald W. Reynolds Center for American Art Dr. Kenneth P. Gorelick and Michael and Tootie Beeman* Margot B. Dewart* Mr. and Mrs. Marion Edwyn Harrison § and Portraiture. * James Smithson Society Sustaining Fellow mrs. Cheryl Opacinch Gorelick* Mr. and Mrs. James M. Beggs* Mr. Lee Dickerson Mrs. Parker T. Hart* § Smithsonian National Board member or alumnus Mrs. Mary J. Graves* Dennis O. Dixon* endowed Life member 48 49 Mr. H. Spencer Hart Mr. Dan Longo* Mr. and Mrs. C.E. Peck* Joseph C. Smith* SMITHSONIAN Ms. Elinor Anne Budelier Dr. Martin A. Funk and Mr. Eugene S. Zimmer Mr. and Mrs. David H. Jenkins Mr. and Mrs. Max E. Hartl* Shirley Loo* Ms. Laura Peebles Dr. Karl A. Smith Mr. Warren F. Buxton, Ph.D., CDP Mr. Oscar Galeno Dennis R. Jenkins Dr. and Mrs. Herbert A. Hartman, Jr. Mrs. Donald Lopez H.O. Peet Foundation* Kathy Daubert Smith § LEGACY SOCIETY Café Nicholson Fund Mrs. H. Clay Gardenhire Lieutenant Colonel Robert B. Jenkins, The Smithsonian Legacy Society honors Ms. Jill Hartman Mr. and Mrs. M. Gerald Loubier Mrs. Kathryn Perry-Werner Mrs. Mabelle Jean Smith Ms. Ernestine Calhoun Mr. Arthur W. Gardner usaf, Retired those who carry on James Smithson’s John Collins Harvey, MD Frank J. Lukowski* Susan Peters and Richard Lee* Mr. and Mrs. Maynard E. Smith § Mr. Margaret A. Capuder Aileen M. Garrett Donald R. and Judy Jensen tradition by making legacy gifts to the Dr. Constance N. Hayden, MD DDG Glen R. and Sally M. Lunde John L. Peterson* Michael and Meg Smith Mr. and Mrs. J. Otis Carroll Mr. David E. Garrett David S. and Pat Jernigan Institution, such as bequests, charitable Mrs. Lucia M. Heard* Mr. Sanford D. Lyons Frank and Janina Petschek Foundation Dr. and Mrs. Carl Soderstrom Ms. Joyce L. Carter Jane W. Gaston Mr. Douglas B. Johnson gift annuities, charitable remainder trusts, Mrs. John Hechinger, Sr.* Mr. Thomas Macavoy Mr. Frank Phelan* Guenther and Siewchin Yong Sommer Michael W. Cassidy Dr. Albert Gelderman and Dr. Martha Gelderman Mr. Woodrow C. Johnson pooled income fund gifts, gifts of Ms. Corinne Heggli Dr. Hugh Mainzer and Mr. Irving S. Phillips* Lieutenant Colonel Irene Sorrough* Mr. Eric Chandler Doris and Henry R. George Mr. Roger R.W. Johnston retirement plans, or other giving vehicles. Ms. Jeffrey Henn ms. Jill Jarecki Mainzer Mr. and Mrs. James Pigott Mr. Tom Sourlis* Patricia and Samuel Charache Ms. Iris J. Gibson Mr. Leonard H. Jones Ms. Mary Claire Christensen Mr. and Mrs. Douglas B. Gilbert Mr. and Mrs. Stanton Jue Paul Hertelendy § The Honorable and Mrs. Frederic V. Malek George and Sally Pillsbury*§ Mr. and Mrs. Edson W. Spencer*§ Anonymous Ms. Linda C. Clark Mr. and Mrs. William Gjodesen Mr. Nelson Kading Ms. Ann Herzog and Mr. Bill Thompson Ms. Patricia Maloney John Pitts, Sr.* Gustav and Mary Staahl Lucian Abernathy Louis P. Clark Mr. Gilbert W. Glass Stephen and Linda Kamen Mr. and Mrs. I. Michael Heyman*§ Merriel Mandell Carol Pochardt Ms. Vicki S. Stafford Ralph and Birdie Albers Ms. Tanya Marie Clark Mr. Charles Goldsberry Ms. Judy Kaselow Gloria Hidalgo* Mr. Frank S. Marchilena Mr. Sydney M. Polakoff Mr. Jack B. St. Clair* Ms. Doris Alexander Mr. and Mrs. Peter Claussen Ms. Margaret K. Goldsmith Steven Kazan and Judy Heymann Kazan Mr. Robert Hildorf* Mr. and Mrs. Frank E. Mars William and Lela Poms Mr. and Mrs. William C. Sterling, Jr.* Stephen T. Alexieff Earl F. Clayton Mrs. Ruth H. Gooding Miss Rajinder Kaur Keith The Hildreth Family Ms. Jacqueline Badger Mars* The Honorable Charles H. Price II and Sam and Diane Stewart Claudia R. Allen and Willis M. Allen, Jr. Robert and Betsey Clopine Mrs. Renee Goodstein Dr. and Mrs. William J. Kelnhofer Mr. Roderick M. Hills* Major General Raymond E. Mason Jr. and mrs. Price § Shepard and Marlene Stone* Ms. Ruth Alliger Dr. Karen Weaver Coleman Ms. Margaret J. Grasston Robert F. and Nancy L. Kempf Nancy Lee Hindman margaret E. Mason* Mr. Scott L. Probasco, Jr. Mrs. Richard Stratton* Mr. Richard C. Andersen Mrs. Mary Gendernalik Cooper Mrs. Taylor P. Grasty Mr. John B. Kendrick Mr. David Hoffenberg Wayne and Tina Mathews* David and Cheryl Purvis § Ms. Betsy Strohecker Mr. Charles F.W. Anderson Ms. Carol Ann Crotty Ralph Greenhouse Ms. Kelly A. Kendrick-Bailey Mr. and Mrs. Christian Hohenlohe Mr. James I. McAuliff* Mr. and Mrs. Whayne S. Quin John and Meredith Sullivan Ms. Olga Anderson Phillip and Betty Crum Joanne T. Greenspun Ms. Marjorie C. Kennedy Mr. and Mrs. Wallace F. Holladay* Emmett and Miriam McCoy Mr. William Raduchel Mr. and Mrs. Peter J. Tanous* William S. and Janice R. Anderson Linda B. Cullen Mrs. Ruth Gresham Frances D. Kerr Mrs. H. Earl Hoover* Clayton and Kathleen McCuistion Dr. Matthew J. Raymond Mrs. Elizabeth Taylor Ms. Rae R. Anderson-Marsh Mr. and Mrs. Frank Culley Alice L. Grindstaff Jack L. Keyes Mary W. Hopkins Suzanne O. McDougal* Mr. Brian J. Reddington Mr. and Mrs. Richard F. Teerlink* Thelma, Jeffrey and Gregory Antal Mr. Hal J. Cunningham Lt. Col. and Mrs. Milton R. Gunther, USAF (Ret.) Ms. Moselle Kimbler Mr. and Mrs. Stephen A. Hopkins* Mr. James D. McFarland Ms. Lola Reinsch and Mr. J. Almont Pierce Pamela Templeton Ms. Beryl E. Arbit Mr. James Curry Mr. Robert S. Guthrie Elise H. Knight William Logan Hopkins Mr. David S. McGinness and Ivy and Stanley T. Relkin Margaret Tevis Mark B. Ardis Mr. Ravenel Boykin Curry, Jr. Valerie J. and D. Wilson Gyton Mr. C. Wilson Kniseley John A. Hoyda ms. Kathy Thomas* David and Cynthia Richards Miss Isabel Thomson* Mrs. Ethel C. Armstrong Miss Pauline R. Cushing Mrs. Gloria Shaw Hamilton John and Mary Lu Koenig Peg and Dick Hulit* Steve and Doris McGuire Mrs. Carlyn Ring* Tom and Mary Evelyn Tielking* Mr. Orville M. Armstrong Mrs. Phyllis Daderio Ms. Josephine B. Hammond Richard and Marilyn Kolesar Mrs. Philip Hulitar* John R. McIntyre Mr. John Ringo Charles E. and Lois J. Toomer Dr. and Mrs. Paul H. Arnaud, Jr. General and Mrs. J.R. Dailey Mr. Ralph Hansen Ms. Nancy Konkol Mrs. Peter D. Humleker, Jr.* Richard T. McMurray Ms. Jean Robertson Jack and Claire Tozier Mary Arnold Mr. Carmen J. D’Angelo Mrs. Marthajane Hapke Lt. Col. and Mrs. William Karl Konze Rudolph E. and Frances B. Atmus Mr. and Mrs. William H. Hunter* Scott and Hella McVay § Nancy J. Robertson* The Honorable and Mrs. Russell E. Train Ms. Patricia Daniels Mrs. Nancy M. Harlan Mr. and Mrs. Richard I. Kuehl Mr. Robert J. Atwater Joshua Icore Mr. and Mrs. C.P. Mead* Toni and Arthur Rock Mrs. Helen Brice Trenckmann* Mrs. Lucile Daubner Mr. and Mrs. William R. Harmon Dr. Richard Kurin Rose Marie Baab Martha and Bronson Ingram Foundation Mrs. Gilbert D. Mead G.W. Rollins Harvey S. Trop* Mrs. Elizabeth C. Davis Mr. Christie G. Harris Margo Kurtz Mr. and Mrs. William R. Baecht John B. Ippolito and Sue B. and Eugene Mercy, Jr.* John and Anne Rollins Bryan Troutman and Margaret Fischer James H. Davis Ms. Margery F. Harris Ms. Lee L. Kush Dr. Sheryl Bair diane M. Laird-Ippolito* Mr. Richard M. Merriman* Mr. and Mrs. Francis C. Rooney, Jr. § Joseph and Cynthia Urbano Mrs. Aila G. Dawe Ms. Carrie R. Harrison Dr. Geraldine E. La Rocque William C. and Nellie N. Baker Dr. William W. Ishee Mrs. Elaine Milestone Mr. Greg A. Rosenbaum Peg Urvoas and Peri Marek Mrs. Alexandra de Borchgrave Ms. D.L. Hasse Mrs. James Spencer Lacock Lorraine Idriss Ball Doctors Jay and Mary Anne Jackson Mr. Paul F. Miller, Jr. and Ella Warren Miller David J. Rosenthal Ms. Araceli R. Vargas* Baroness Yvonne de Vilar Roger D. Hathaway Mr. Travis S. Lamberton Eugene C. and Phyllis T. Ballinger Mr. Walter Deans Mr. William C. Hauber Mr. and Mrs. Robert H. Lando Ms. Susan C. Jackson Ms. Sharon Mills Mrs. Loretta Rosenthal Mrs. Debra Vicharelli Mr. Dale S. Barnett, Jr. Mrs. George O. DeGele Ms. Judy Hauser Gilbert H. Lang, M.D. Mrs. Samuel C. Johnson* Frances Edmonds (Mohr) and Michael Mohr Howard and Janice Rosser* Dr. Muriel C. Vincent* Mr. and Mrs. George L. Barquist Mr. and Mrs. A.C. Deichmiller Patricia and Michael Hausknost Mr. and Mrs. Arden Lanham Mr. Andrew Joskow and Mrs. Betty M. Montgomery Yvonne Roth* Colonel Harold W. Vorhies Captain Celia Barteau Mr. Alan R. Dellinger Ms. Jennifer E. Hawley Jane Lanham ms. Lisa Sockett William T. III and Lois Moran* Mr. Raymond Roux Mrs. Lillian D. Vujanich LeRoy T. Baseman Ms. Sue A. Delorme Mr. Geoffrey F. Hayes Philip Lathrap Dr. and Mrs. Arnold Kaplin* Mr. and Mrs. Paul S. Morgan § Maryà Rowan* Raymond Waite* Betty Passmore Bass Ms. Patrice Kathleen Denman Ms. Helen Heidgerd Cynthia Muss Lawrence Sheldon and Audrey Katz Mr. Robert E. Mortensen Dr. Thomas and Ilse Rubio Mr. and Mrs. George E. Warner* Mrs. Florence Baston Ms. Elaine A. Dependahl Wilbert A. Heinz Mrs. Deane C. Laycock Richard and Elaine Kaufman Mr. John H. Moss* Marcella and Tim Ruland Mr. and Mrs. H. Thomas Watkins Colonel Wyley Baxter Kenneth G. and Sherry L. Dietz Mr. Richard D. Henderson M/Sgt. Lionel L. Leblanc Stephen C. Keeble and Karen Depew Mr. and Mrs. Kenneth F. Mountcastle* Nancy and Clive Runnells § Mrs. Florence R. Watson* Mr. Gary F. Beanblossom Dennis O. Dixon Miss Mildred Henninger Mrs. Rose Bente Lee and Admiral William Ms. Anne B. Keiser and Richard and Cheryl Moxley Dr. Sanbo S. Sakaguchi* LeRoy Weber, Jr.* Leslie Ellen Beller Mr. and Mrs. James C. Dixon Lloyd E. Herman m. Ostapenko, USN (Ret.) dr. Douglas M. Lapp Doctors Gary L. and Carolyn R. Mueller* Mr. Albert Sbar* Mrs. Angela Caveness Weisskopf* Mrs. Betty J. Benham Ralph and Patricia Dixon Mr. and Mrs. Carl D. Herold Mr. Bruce Leighty Mr. and Mrs. Robert Keith* Drs. James and Pamela Mulshine* Charles Schaefer* Mr. Stephen J. Wessling Mr. William C. Benner Alan and Elizabeth Duckett Ms. Gail Hershenzon Ms. Rosealie Lesser Mr. Oliver Kellman Charles B. Nam* Ms. Renae Schmidt* Mr. and Mrs. Ben White* Ms. Joan Benson Dr. Harold A. Dundee Mr. and Mrs. John E. Herzog Loetta Lewis John B. Kendrick and Emily M. Kendrick RADM and Mrs. David Nash Ms. Andrea Schnitzer Mrs. Donald White Mr. and Mrs. Jason R. Beresford Mr. and Mrs. William C. Dutton Ms. Berenice E. Hess Theodore W. and Barbara Ann Libbey Mr. Thomas D. King, Jr. Dr. Florence E. Nelson Catherine F. Scott John K. White Mrs. Susanna Berger Robert L. Dwight Dr. and Mrs. David C. Hess Ms. Jeanie Linders Mr. Christopher Kinsey Ms. Vicki G. and John L. Nelson* Ms. Micha Seelye The Whitehead Foundation*§ Thomas H. Blakey Mr. Gabriel H. Ebersole Mr. Jeff Hill Daniel M. Linguiti and Teri A. Smurl Mr. and Mrs. Steve Kitchen* Linda M. Newkirk Ms. Jean Sewell Mr. Garnett Whitehurst August G. Blume Mrs. Ruth F. Effron Edward J. and Ruth W. Hodge Ms. Eleanor L. Linkous Susan L. Klaus David and Yoshie Nordling Mrs. David M. Shapiro* Barry L. Widder Mr. and Mrs. Kenneth W. Boggs George Elliott Miss K.T. Hoffacker Mr. and Mrs. Peter Liss James and Frances Knudson Ms. Deborah A. Norton* Shelby Shapiro Ambassador Howard and Rhonda Wilkins George and Bonnie Bogumill Valerie A. Emerson Ruth S. Holmberg Ms. Nina Liu Mr. David H. Koch Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence C. Nussdorf* Winslow T. Shearman Mrs. Pat Wilmeth Mr. and Mrs. William J.D. Bond Mrs. Joan Engberg Robert W. Holmes William and Katherine Livengood Ms. Kathryn Boomsma Mr. and Mrs. Michael A. Kriss* Mr. and Mrs. Merlin G. Nygren Mr. and Mrs. J. Henry Sheffield Ms. Nancy F. Wilson* Ronald W. and Sophie M. Enger Ms. Hanna Lore Hombordy Mrs. Lois Lockhart Mark and Eileen Boone Dr. Terease Kwiatkowski O’Connor and Hewitt Foundation Dr. Carol V. Sheldon and Mr. J.D. Wimberly Mr. Richard Evans Ray and Valerie Hopkins Mr. and Mrs. Thomas L. Long Colonel Charles Botula III, USAF (Ret.) Judge Marion Ladwig* Mr. Michael D. O’Dell and Ms. Judith Grass* dr. Roger E. Sheldon* Mr. Mark Wolfendale Ken Ferrara Mr. William L. Hopkins and Mr. Richard B. Anderson Shirley Loo and Mrs. Susan K. Botula Mrs. Stephens J. Lange* Ms. M. Abigail O’Dess Mr. and Mrs. John W. Shepard Mr. Neal L. Wood* Miss Grace C. Ferrill Catherine Marjorie Horne Anton C. Love Mrs. Gretchen B. Boyd Janet E. Lanman Mr. Peter O’Donnell, Jr. Jon A. and Mary Shirley* Anne and Tom Woodson Mr. and Mrs. Fred Feuille Mrs. Lee Houchins Dr. and Mrs. Burton N. Lowe Ms. Jean Brackman Dr. and Mrs. William M. Layson* Mrs. Jack H. Okuda Mr. Frank Shrontz* David and Dianne Worley Mr. and Mrs. Dale E. Fincke Ms. Brenda Howard Frank J. Lukowski Dr. and Mrs. Douglas D. Bradley James and Beverly Leach* Dr. Jean L. Olson* Mr. and Mrs. Theodore B. Shultz Diana G. Wortham* Mrs. Helen Flanagan John and Anne Howat Mr. Bradley Lutz Ms. Annelise Brand Mr. Fred R. Fonck Mrs. Edgar McPherson Howell Ms. Barbara M. Macknick Mr. Keith Adam Leaman Ms. Debra J. Osburne Mary Hudson Siciliano Ms. Gay Wray § Mr. James Brendel Ms. Norma L. Forbes John Hoyda Kim and Mark Mailloux James and Constance Levi Mr. Jack S. Parker*§ Shirley Phillips Sichel Mrs. Charlotte S. Wyman* Col. and Mrs. Arthur L. Brooke Mr. Ronald J. Foulis Mr. Stuart M. Hughes Mr. and Mrs. Charles Maluzzi Ms. Canice Kelly Levin* John and Julie Parker* Charles Siegel Dolores Yankauskas* Mrs. James J. Brown Albert and Marion Friedlander Captain Woodie W. Humburg Christian L. and Edna M. March Susan Lindemuth Robert S. Parker Dr. Lionel J. Skidmore and Deborah Zeitler* Harris and Diane Bruch Ms. Patricia K. Frontz Dr. and Mrs. James C. Hunt Margery and Edgar Masinter Mr. Robert R. Little* Michael L. Pate dr. Jean M. Karle Mary L. Zicarelli Mr. and Mrs. James H. Bruns Gudrun Fruehling Mr. and Mrs. Milton M. Hyatt Mr. David J. Mason Mr. David A. Lloyd, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Sanford Slavin* Rogene A. Buchholz Mr. Melvin E. Fryer Keith Jackson Mr. John L. Mason 50 Mr. and Mrs. J. Kevin Buchi Ms. Virginia Jaeger Dr. Bella J. May 51 Mr. Ronald W. McCain Frederick L. Ranck Ms. Wanda B. Staszewski BEQUESTS Robert and Mary McCallum Francis H. Rasmus, Jr. Fred L. and Ruth B. Steele We remember with appreciation the Smithsonian National Board Ms. June W. McCarron Mr. and Mrs. Galen B. Rathbun Ms. Sandra Sterling following generous donors whose gifts Mr. and Mrs. Brandon McCrary Ms. Sanae Iida Reeves Judith Stoeri through bequests from their estates were Mr. and Mrs. Richard B. McCrary Mr. Donald L. Reinking Kevin B. Stone Counsel, Outreach, and Support received this year. Mr. Stephen Davis McCrary Jon and Emilee Reynolds Miss Iris Strauss Mr. and Mrs. Lowell McDysan Mr. and Mrs. Robert A. Rice Mr. and Mrs. Frederick L. Streckewald Anonymous Members of the Smithsonian’s only pan-Institutional volunteer Miss Minnie Belle McIntosh Colonel and Mrs. Robert F. Rick Robert and Gail Strong Aldene A. Barrington advisory board provide advice and counsel to the Secretary and Ms. Lowen McKay Miss Elizabeth Candida Ridout Joseph and Elizabeth Suarez Robert W. Boenig his leadership team, act as ambassadors for the Smithsonian, and Colonel Billy McLeod Mr. Robert E. Ritter Ralph Edward Tamper Marcella Brenner Ms. Eleanor McMillan Ms. Eleanor A. Robb Cuyler and Grace Taylor May L. Brook help the Institution raise the private funds it needs through their William and Jeanne L. McNamara Janice Stultz Roddenbery and George D. and Mary Augusta Thomas John A. Burnham, Jr. and Helen L. Burnham personal generosity and their assistance with fundraising efforts. Mrs. Madeleine H. McReynolds thomas Peale Roddenbery Dr. and Mrs. F. Christian Thompson Fenner A. Chace Scott and Hella McVay Mr. Scott Roeth Ms. Johanna W. Thompson Allen R. Cooper In 2008, National Board chair Hacker Caldwell participated in Miss Nora L. Melville Ms. Laurel Rohrer John and Ellen Thompson June S. Cordier the selection of the new Secretary as a member of the Board of Mrs. Ruth Meyer Dr. Ruth A. Roland Gary and Marie Thunem Margaret Jenkins Davis Mr. Rodney R. Midlam Mr. Norman Roscilo Mrs. Diane D. Tobin Elizabeth Engstrom Regents’ search committee. Several Board members advised the Mr. and Mrs. Carl Mikuletzky Dr. Harry Rosenthal Mr. David E. Todd Charles H. Ettl Institution’s Leadership Development Program, and another Mrs. Elaine Milestone Nell M. Rothschild James W. Todd Pola J. Geisler Mr. and Mrs. Dennis Miller Mr. and Mrs. John Ruby Mr. Robert Bruce Torgny served on the business enterprise task force, each making valuable Lawrence Glassman Leadership of the 2008 Smithsonian National Board: from left, L. Hardwick Jerry Miller Owen F. Ruggles Anna Mary Tossey Royce Ann Glidden contributions to these initiatives. Science Committee efforts Caldwell III, Chair; Peggy P. Burnet, Vice Chair; Paul Neely, Vice Chair. Mrs. Melissa L. Mills Ms. Karen Russell Mr. and Mrs. David Tozer Eveline Goodman made possible a public symposium on tropical extinction, and Mr. George Mitchell Mr. Richard T. Russell, Jr. Ms. Barbara V. Tufts Robert L. Gorham the committee assisted with its promotion. The Education Mr. Emmet V. Mittlebeeler Ms. Sally D. Ryan Ms. Marjorie Underhill Bernice N. Hantman 2008 Smithsonian Robert E. Long, Jr. Mr. Sydney F. Mobell Mr. C.J. Ryburn Ms. Selena M. Updegraff Janice Mary Johnson Committee continued to help bring Smithsonian educational National Board Robert D. MacDonald Mr. and Mrs. Fred Montanye Edward H. Sachtleben Fred G. and Lelia R. Valdivia Charles P. Kaiser resources to K-12 students, teachers, and classrooms nationwide, Dorothy S. McAuliffe* Charles and Judith Moore Mr. and Mrs. Charles Salter Dr. Lorna VanderZanden Bessie M. Koehler aided by the Smithsonian partnership with the Council of Chief L. Hardwick Caldwell III Chris E. McNeil, Jr. Mrs. Jane R. Moore Lieutenant Colonel Joseph R. Santa Barbara Ms. Carol Vangelos LaVeda M. Kovar Chair Gary B. Moore Mr. and Mrs. Paul S. Morgan Lloyd G. and Betty A. Schermer John Vernet William J. Kramer State School Officers, which it was instrumental in establishing. Morris W. Offit Mr. George M. Muldrow and Norma Schmid Jean and Davis H. von Wittenburg Aurelia Lammers The Board demonstrated its commitment to Smithsonian Peggy P. Burnet Russell E. Palmer, Jr. mr. Robert G. Bragg Miss Lois K. Schmidt N.O. Wagenschein Genevieve Lipinski outreach through members’ support including enabling purchase Vice Chair Judy Lynn Prince (ex officio) Joan C. Muzzillo and Paul R. Popick Ms. Deborah Schneide Patty Wagstaff Iris G. Mumford William M. Ragland, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Roger K. Myers Robert L. and Mary T. Schneider Raymond Waite James Edward Polen of video conferencing equipment to remotely distribute educa- Peter H. Lunder Kristin M. Richardson* Lt. Col. Frank D. Neill, Jr. (Ret.) Mr. George Schnitzer Ms. Jeanette M. Walke Elizabeth H. Prather tional programming. Through events held in Denver, Phoenix, Vice Chair † Ronald A. Rosenfeld David A. Neiss Mr. and Mrs. Andrew W. Schultz Bettye S. Walker Edward B. and Phyllis E. Reed Minneapolis, and San Francisco, Board members and alumni Theiline Pigott Scheumann Ms. Caroline K. Nelson Mrs. Ida Maxey Scott Ms. Esperanza R. Walker Edwin Rybak Marna Schnabel Ms. Arlene R. Newby Ms. Sharon Scott Mrs. Peggy Wall Anne Shultz brought friends and community leaders together with Paul Neely Rodney E. Slater Ms. Myrtle S. Nord Elinor Scotte-Virgona Miss Catherine M. Walsh Daniel F. Sienkiewicz Vice Chair Smithsonian scholars and leaders and with Smithsonian traveling Beatrice R. Taylor Mr. Homer C. Ogles Ms. Sheryl Scull Mrs. Elizabeth Walther Kathleen Engelbrecht Sier exhibitions visiting these cities, in keeping with the Board’s Douglas C. Walker Ms. Nancy Lee O’Neal Mr. and Mrs. William Seely Dr. and Mrs. Richard Ward Bernard Stadiem Claudia R. Allen Mallory Walker Ms. Mildred S. Onion Edwin N. Seiler Mrs. Mary Watts Margaret Stoessel 38-year tradition of ambassadorship. In 2008, the Board gener- Valerie Anders Don and Lynn Owen Mrs. Hope Sellers Ms. Susan G. Waxter Frances A. Velay ously advanced Smithsonian fundraising through gifts from its Judy Hart Angelo Honorary Members Mr. Patrick H. Packard Janice L. Settle Mr. Paul E. Wellington Mary Anna Wills Barbara M. Barrett members and alumni that totaled more than $8.4 million. Of Robert McC. Adams Mrs. Irma Padgett-Haaland Robert A. and Deanne H. Seward Mr. Walt Wells Marcia Ring Winslow Jane Lipton Cafritz Mr. Richard S. Paegelow Mrs. Norma Gudin Shaw Dale (Billie) L. Welton Francis W. and Carol J. Worrell this, slightly more than $1 million was unrestricted Board giving. Thomas H. Castro* William S. Anderson Mrs. Vivian Paegelow Ms. Shari Diane Shaw Dr. J.H. Werner Wilmer S. Cody Max N. Berry Mr. Wayne Parsons Winslow T. Shearman Mrs. Harriet K. Westcott MEMORIAL AND Abby Joseph Cohen* Richard P. Cooley Mr. Robert Pastorino Col. and Mrs. Robert S. Sherman Craig and Catherine Weston COMMEMORATIVE GIFTS James F. Dicke II Frank A. Daniels, Jr. John R. Patterson, Jr. Dr. Gerry Shigekawa Dr. George B. Whatley Charles D. Dickey, Jr. The following were so honored by John G.B. Ellison, Jr. Mary Ann and Carl Pearson Mrs. William H. Shopp Ms. Cecel F. White Patricia Frost their families, friends, and other donors Sakurako D. Fisher Mr. Paul L. Peck Mr. and Mrs. Jack D. Shumate Mrs. Donald W. White Alfred C. Glassell, Jr. to the Smithsonian. Michael R. Francis Mr. and Mrs. James E. Pehta Shirley Phillips Sichel Mr. Richard Whitekettle Bradford M. Freeman I. Michael Heyman Mr. and Mrs. Stanley Pendlebury Mrs. Joan S. Siedenburg Mr. Hollin J. Whitten Thomas Block John French III James M. Kemper, Jr. Ms. Nancy Phillips Ms. Anne Copeland Silberman Ms. Vivian Wilder Pamela J. Braden Shelby M. Gans Jean B. Mahoney Ms. Thelma B. Player Ms. Mary Bise Simon Mr. Donald E. Williams Edward J. Casselle Richard W. Herbst Sandra D. O’Connor Brigadier General Frederick W. Ms. Mary F. Simons Ms. Jeanne Wilson Anna R. Cohn Robert F. Higgins* Francis C. Rooney, Jr. plugge IV, USAF (Ret.) Mr. James C. Small and Mr. John A. Fry Sue Ann Wolff Richard Darman Irene Y. Hirano Wilbur L. Ross, Jr. Mr. Don Polan Sandra and Lawrence Small Mrs. Elizabeth B. Wood Valerie and Charles Diker Steven G. Hoch Lloyd G. Schermer Mrs. Ann M. Potter Dr. Barbara J. Smith Gerald L. Wood Mary Engen Judy S. Huret Frank A. Weil Bob and Janice Pound Kathy Daubert Smith ADCS Scott B. Wood, USN, Retired Walter Grigsley Anne B. Keiser (ex officio)* Gay F. Wray Mr. and Mrs. Anco L. Prak Mr. and Mrs. Lee Smith Mr. Philip Woodruff Vivian Henderson Betsy Lawer* Mr. Delbert L. Price Denny G. Snyder Mr. and Mrs. Fred Wynbrandt Paul Iducovich † Term as Vice Chair completed Ms. Judy Lynn Prince Mr. and Mrs. Stephen K. Soldoff Ms. Lillian Yamori Madeleine Rudin Johnson January 2008 Mrs. Lakhbir Purewal Guenther and Siewchin Yong Sommer Mr. and Mrs. Daniel W. Yohannes Peter J. Johnson * Term began October 2008 Ms. Martha Puricelli Irene Sorrough Mr. and Mrs. Robert Zapart Donald S. Lopez Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Stanley Purvinis Ms. Doris Sperber Mr. and Mrs. Robert S. Zelenka Arthur Ubaka Mbanefo David and Cheryl Purvis Dr. Harry Wayne Springfield Mr. Kenneth M. Zemrowski Enid W. Morse Mrs. Frank K. Rabbitt Ms. Carolyn N. Stafford Dr. P. Joseph Zharn Sharon Frances Patton Mrs. William Rader Paul and Janet Stahlhuth John and Sherry Ziegler Elizabeth C. Riedel Mr. and Mrs. Paul Rafaj Mrs. Ginger Winters Stallings Mrs. Nancy Behrend Zirkle Lisa S. Roberts Mr. James Starkey Mr. and Mrs. Paul B. Zygielbaum E. Maynard Smith 52 Ms. Eugenia L. Staszewski Norman E. Woodley 53 The W.M. Keck Foundation Pitney Bowes Inc. Donors to the Smithsonian Herb Kelleher Robert W. Pittman Ways To Give W.K. Kellogg Foundation Polo Ralph Lauren Corporation R. Crosby Kemper Poor Richard’s Charitable Trust Distinguished Benefactors William R. Kenan, Jr. Charitable Trust The Principal Financial Group Helping Fulfill the Mission John S. and James L. Knight Foundation Rasmuson Foundation The Distinguished Benefactors Room in the Smithsonian David H. Koch Raytheon Company The Smithsonian has the power to educate, inspire, and bring us Planned Giving Robert and Arlene Kogod Reve Foundation Institution Castle honors the Institution’s most generous The Korea Foundation Donald W. Reynolds Foundation together. Each year, gifts from friends and benefactors help Individuals may include the Smithsonian in their estate plans contributors: individuals whose gifts total $1 million or more Kraft Foods Robinson Helicopter Company meet the enormous costs of providing Smithsonian programs through bequests, living trusts, gifts of retirement plan assets, The Kresge Foundation Sara Roby Foundation and foundations and corporations that have made one-time Constance and Harvey Krueger David Rockefeller and services, year-round and free of charge, to millions. and with other giving vehicles. Life-income gifts such as gifts of the same amount. B.Y. Lam Foundation Rockefeller Foundation charitable gift annuities and charitable remainder trusts can Lannan Foundation Rolex Never before has your gift been more valued or made so great an Samuel J. and Ethel LeFrak Rolls-Royce benefit the Smithsonian and the donor. Those who notify Anonymous Luisita L. and Franz H. Denghausen Robert Lehrman Samuel G. Rose and Julie Walters impact. We rely on the thoughtful and generous support of the Smithsonian of a planned gift are invited to join the 3M Bern Dibner The Lemelson Foundation Susan and Elihu Rose individuals, foundations, and corporations. Please contact us to AAA Jim and Janet Dicke Thelma and Melvin Lenkin Arthur Ross Foundation Smithsonian Legacy Society. Charles Francis Adams Valerie and Charles Diker Barbara Riley Levin Rodris Roth learn more about how you can support America’s museum. A&E Television Networks Discover Financial Services, Inc. Edith S. and Arthur J. Levin Alice and David Rubenstein Aflac Incorporated Discovery Communications, Inc. (888) 419-7584 Frank Levinson Family Foundation Arthur M. Sackler Give Online The Aga Khan Trust for Culture Patricia C. Dodge Leon Levy Foundation Arthur M. Sackler Foundation [email protected] Lee and Elizabeth Ainslie Donald J. and Helen D. Douglass Lockheed Martin Dr. Elizabeth Sackler/ Giving online is fast, easy, and secure. Gifts of any amount may si.giftlegacy.com Airbus DuPont Jon and Lillian Lovelace the Arthur M. Sackler Foundation be made and an e-mail confirmation is provided. Alcoa The Eberly Family Charitable Trust Lower Manhattan Development Corporation Else Sackler American Airlines EDS The Henry Luce Foundation John and Joy Safer For Further Information American Chemical Society EMC Corporation The Lunder Foundation Victoria and Roger Sant www.supportsmithsonian.org For more information about how you can support the American Express Travis and Anne Engen Peter and Paula Lunder The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia American International Group, Inc. (AIG) Charles H. Ettl Smithsonian and its dynamic mission, “for the increase and The Elizabeth Carolyn Lux Foundation Mr. and Mrs. B. Francis Saul II Corporate Memberships and Sponsorships American Public Transportation Association Mr. and Mrs. Thomas M. Evans The John D. and Catherine T. Lloyd G. and Betty A. Schermer diffusion of knowledge,” please contact: American Road & Transportation ExxonMobil macArthur Foundation S.C. Johnson & Son, Inc. Corporations play a vital philanthropic role in today’s builders Association FedEx Corporation Elizabeth and Whitney MacMillan Nina and Ivan Selin Smithsonian. We welcome corporate relationships and offer AMS Foundation for the Arts, The Fertilizer Institute Barbara and Morton Mandel Seneca Nation of Indians Virginia B. Clark sciences and Humanities Nancy B. and Hart Fessenden Nancy and Edwin Marks Shell membership through the Smithsonian Corporate Membership Director, Office of External Affairs Analytical Graphics, Inc. Barbara G. Fleischman Alice S. Marriott Lifetime Trust/The J. Willard Frank B. and Faye Sherry Program. Anheuser-Busch Foundation Martha Parks Forrest and Alice S. Marriott Foundation Shirley Phillips Sichel Smithsonian Institution Apple Computer, Inc. The Ford Foundation John and Adrienne Mars Paul Singer 1000 Jefferson Drive S.W. Art Research Foundation Ford Motor Company Fund The Mashantucket Pequot Tribal Nation Sketch Foundation (202) 633-5052 Association of American Railroads Charles Lang Freer 4th Floor Masterfoods USA Alfred P. Sloan Foundation [email protected] Lily Auchincloss Foundation, Inc. Patricia and Phillip Frost Nan Tucker McEvoy Albert and Shirley Small MRC 027, P.O. Box 37012 Herbert and Evelyn Axelrod Fujifilm MCI WorldCom Robert H. and Clarice Smith www.si.edu/corporate Bank of America The Funger Foundation, Norma Lee and The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Soil Science Society of America Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 Laura Barney morton Funger Merrill Lynch & Co. Foundation, Inc. Guenther and Siewchin Yong Sommer Membership Kenneth E. Behring Family General Motors Corporation Sidney Mobell The Starr Foundation (202) 633-4300 Max N. and Heidi L. Berry The Glenstone Foundation, The Mohegan Tribe of Indians of Connecticut State Farm Companies Foundation Hosting members from around the entire United States, the Barbara and James Block mitchell P. Rales, Founder The A.P. Møller and Chastine Mc-Kinney Margaret and Terry Stent Smithsonian’s Contributing Membership and James Smithson [email protected] Mary and Leigh B. Block Goldman, Sachs & Co. møller Foundation The Summit Fund of Washington www.si.edu/giving Winton M. “Red” Blount Arvin Gottlieb The Claude Moore Charitable Foundation Target Society programs provide unrestricted support to the Institution The Boeing Company Katharine Graham Morgan Stanley Terra Foundation for American Art and a wide variety of events and benefits to those who join. Bombardier The George Gund Foundation Lester S. and Enid W. Morse Eugene V. and Clare E. Thaw Charitable Trust Mrs. Virginia O. Boochever George Gund III and Iara Lee Susan and Furman Moseley Tiffany & Co. Foundation Annual membership levels range from $75 to $10,000. F. Otis Booth, Jr. James E. Gysin Motorola Foundation Timex Corporation Agnes C. Bourne Karl H. Hagen Robert O. Muller TRW (800) 931-3226 The Brown Foundation, Inc. of Houston Enid A. Haupt NAMM – International Music Products Earl S. Tupper Hildegard Bruck and Alfred Egerter William Randolph Hearst Foundation association Turner Foundation, Inc. [email protected] Dr. Peter Buck Herbert Waide Hemphill, Jr. National Asphalt Pavement Association TWA www.smithsonianmembership.com The Emil Buehler Trust Edward P. and Rebecca R. Henderson National Association of Realtors Mr. and Mrs. Steven F. Udvar-Hazy The Burkle Family Foundation Janine and J. Tomlinson Hill National Business Aviation Association, Inc. Richard O. Ullman Family Foundation William A. Burleson Conrad N. Hilton Foundation National Mining Association United States Mint Many individual Smithsonian museums and research centers Burroughs Wellcome Fund Ikuo Hirayama National Stone, Sand & Gravel Association United States Postal Service offer memberships. To learn more about them, go to the The Morris and Gwendolyn Cafritz Foundation Joseph Hirshhorn H. Duane Nelson UPS Hacker and Kitty Caldwell Frank and Lisina Hoch NYSE Foundation The Upton Trust Smithsonian’s main Web site, www.smithsonian.org, and click on The E. Rhodes & Leona B. Carpenter Foundation Holenia Trust The Nippon Foundation Esme Usdan and James Snyder the membership page of the museum or research center that Cessna Aircraft Company Ruth S. and A. William Holmberg Nissan North America, Inc. Anne van Biema CIGNA Janet Annenberg Hooker Nordic Council of Ministers Verizon Foundation interests you. The Coca-Cola Company Raymond J. and Margaret Horowitz Northrop Grumman Corporation Teodoro Vidal Dr. and Mrs. David A. Cofrin Grant W. Howell Ocean Conservancy VOLVO The Ryna and Melvin Cohen IBM Corporation Occidental Chemical Corporation Jean and Davis H. von Wittenburg family Foundation Intel Corporation Carroll O’Connor and Nancy Fields O’Connor Lila Wallace-Reader’s Digest Fund The Comer Foundation International Lease Finance Corporation Oneida Indian Nation (New York) The Walt Disney Company The Commonwealth of Virginia Christian A. Johnson Endeavor Foundation Yoko Ono Alexander and Annie B. Wetmore Joseph and Robert Cornell James A. Johnson and Maxine Isaacs Orkin Exterminating Company, Inc. Coralyn Wright Whitney memorial Foundation Johnson Publishing Company, Inc. Bernard and Barbro Osher Norman C. and Catherine M. Willcox Mr. and Mrs. Joseph F. Cullman, 3rd Robert L. Johnson The David and Lucile Packard Foundation The Oprah Winfrey Foundation The Daniels Fund The JSM Charitable Trust, James S. Richard D. and Laura A. Parsons Harry Winston Research Foundation, Inc. Richard Darman mcDonnell III, John F. McDonnell Paul Peck Ronald Winston Marcel and Serge Dassault Linda Lichtenberg Kaplan Peterson Family Foundation Xerox Corporation Florence Coulson Davis The Pew Charitable Trusts Pioneer Electronics (USA), Inc. 54 55 Board Of Regents ADMINISTRATION Museums RESEARCH CENTERS EDUCATION AND OUTREACH The Smithsonian is the world’s largest G. Wayne Clough Ten Smithsonian museums and National Museum of African Art Archives of American Art Center for Folklife and PHOTO CAPTIONS: Page 43: The Space Shuttle Enterprise museum and research complex, with Secretary galleries are located on the National Christine Mullen Kreamer, Acting Director John W. Smith, Director Cultural Heritage Front Cover: Top row: icons from the Page 44: Divers at the Smithsonian 19 museums and the National Zoo, as Mall between the Washington MRC 708, P.O. Box 37012 MRC 937, P.O. Box 37012 Richard S. Kennedy, Acting Director collections of the National Museum of Tropical Research Institute’s station in American History; second row: images Bocas del Toro, Panama well as research centers around the Charles R. Alcock Monument and the U.S. Capitol. Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 MRC 520, P.O. Box 37012 of Mars used for research by Page 45: Artist’s concept of a disk of gas world. It was created by Congress Acting Under Secretary for Science Six other museums and the National (202) 633-4610 (202) 633-7969 Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 Smithsonian staff; third row: portraits orbiting a fast-spinning black hole in 1846 under the terms of the will of Zoo are located elsewhere in the (202) 633-6434 and paintings from the Donald W. Page 46: Latino participants in the 2004 James Smithson of England, who in Richard Kurin Washington, D.C., metropolitan area. National Museum of Museum Conservation Institute Reynolds Center for American Art and Smithsonian Folklife Festival 1826 bequeathed his property to the Under Secretary for History, The Cooper-Hewitt, National Design American History, Robert J. Koestler, Director National Science Resources Center Portraiture, National Portrait Gallery, and Page 47: Photo from Anthony McCall’s art Smithsonian American Art Museum; installation, You and I Horizontal United States of America “to found at Art, and Culture Museum and the National Museum Kenneth E. Behring Center 4120 Silver Hill Rd. Sally Goetz Shuler, Executive Director fourth row: digital images and digitizing Back cover: Top row: images from The Washington, under the name of the of the American Indian’s George Brent D. Glass, Director Suitland, Md. 20746-2863 901 D St. S.W., Suite 704-B objects in the Smithsonian collections; Cinema Effect exhibition at the Hirshhorn Smithsonian Institution, an establish- Alison McNally Gustav Heye Center are located in MRC 622, P.O. Box 37012 (301) 238-1205 Washington, D.C. 20024 sixth row: images from The Sant Ocean Museum and Sculpture Garden; second ment for the increase and diffusion Under Secretary for Finance and New York City. The newest museum to Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 (202) 633-2972 Hall at the National Museum of Natural row: images from the Anacostia of knowledge.” Congress vested Administration be established within the Smithsonian (202) 633-3435 Smithsonian Astrophysical History; seventh row: the reopening Community Museum exhibition Separate celebration of the National Museum of and Unequaled: Black Baseball in the responsibility for administration of the is the National Museum of African Observatory Office of Research Training American History; eighth row: images District of Columbia; third row: images Smithsonian in the Board of Regents. Tom Ott American History and Culture, which National Museum of The Charles R. Alcock, Director and Services from The Cinema Effect exhibition at related to Smithsonian research on coral President, Smithsonian Enterprises will be located on the National Mall American Indian and The 60 Garden St. Catherine F. Harris, Director the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture reefs; fourth row: astronomical images from The Chief Justice of the United States, in Washington, D.C. George Gustav Heye Center Cambridge, Mass. 02138 MRC 902, P.O. Box 37012 Garden; bottom row: environmental the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory; ex officio, Chancellor Virginia B. Clark Kevin Gover, Director (617) 495-7100 Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 education at the Smithsonian fifth row: images and architectural Opposite "From the Secretary" page: elements from the Smithsonian Castle; Director, Office of External Affairs Anacostia Community Museum MRC 590, P.O. Box 37012 (202) 633-7070 Top row: images studied and created by sixth row: images of insects studied by Patricia Q. Stonesifer Camille Giraud Akeju, Director Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 Smithsonian Environmental Citizen of Washington state, Chair the staff at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Smithsonian entomologists; seventh row: James D. Douglas MRC 777, P.O. Box 37012 (202) 633-6700 Research Center Smithsonian Affiliations Observatory; second and fourth rows: Smithsonian staff digitizing objects in the Director, Office of Human Resources Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 Anson H. Hines, Jr., Director Harold A. Closter, Director images from The Sant Ocean Hall at the collections; eighth row: images from the Alan G. Spoon (202) 633-4839 National Museum of P.O. Box 28 MRC 942, P.O. Box 37012 National Museum of Natural History; Archives of American Art exhibition With Citizen of Massachusetts, Vice Chair third row: images from The Cinema Love: Artists’ Letters and Illustrations; Clair Gill Natural History Edgewater, Md. 21037 Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 Effect exhibition at the Hirshhorn bottom row: animals in residence at the The Vice President of the United States, Acting Director, Facilities Engineering Cooper-Hewitt, Cristián Samper, Director (443) 482-2208 (202) 633-5300 Museum and Sculpture Garden; fifth Smithsonian’s National Zoological Park ex officio and Operations National Design Museum MRC 106, P.O. Box 37012 row: the reopening celebration of the Paul Warwick Thompson, Director Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 Smithsonian Institution Archives Smithsonian Asian Pacific National Museum of American History; Photographers Thad Cochran Evelyn S. Lieberman 2 East 91st St. (202) 633-2664 Anne Van Camp, Director American Program sixth row: images from the Anacostia Marilyn Abel, Blaise Adilon, David A. Community Museum exhibition Aguilar, Art Carter Papers/Moorland- Senator from Mississippi Director, Communications New York, N.Y. 10128-0669 MRC 507, P.O. Box 37012 Franklin S. Odo, Director Separate and Unequaled: Black Baseball Spingarn Research Center, Mildred Baldwin, and Public Affairs (212) 849-8371 National Portrait Gallery Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 MRC 516, P.O. Box 37012 in the District of Columbia; seventh Tim Bies, Erin Blasco, Steve Canning, Chip Christopher J. Dodd Martin E. Sullivan, Director (202) 633-5908 Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 row: Mars researchers at the National Clark, Jessie Cohen, Anthony Cross, Kimbra Senator from Connecticut Alice C. Maroni Freer Gallery of Art and MRC 973, P.O. Box 37012 (202) 633-2690 Air and Space Museum; eighth row: Cutlip, James Di Loreto, Harold Dorwin, Chief Financial Officer Arthur M. Sackler Gallery Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 Smithsonian Institution Libraries images of Abraham Lincoln and Lincoln Grace Duke, Eliot Elisofon, Katherine Patrick J. Leahy Julian Raby, Director (202) 633-8276 Nancy E. Gwinn, Director The Smithsonian Associates artifacts from the Smithsonian’s Fogden, Ian Foxx, Rebecca Ghent, Neil Senator from Vermont collections; bottom row: images of Greentree, Marcos Guerra, Carl Hansen, Era L. Marshall MRC 707, P.O. Box 37012 MRC 154, P.O. Box 37012 Barbara S. Tuceling, Director Mars used by researchers Colin Johnson, Walt Koski, Walter Larimore, Director, Equal Employment Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 National Postal Museum Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 MRC 701, P.O. Box 37012 Xavier Becerra The Smithsonian in 2008: Clockwise Eric Long, Owen Macdonald, Jeff Malet, and Minority Affairs (202) 633-0456 Allen R. Kane, Director (202) 633-2240 Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 from top left: a tropical rainforest in Michael Mansfield, AP/Jacquelyn Martin, Representative from California MRC 570, P.O. Box 37012 (202) 633-8880 Panama; a 1939 letter by painter Frida Mehgan Murphy, NASA/JPL-Caltech/Cornell Carole M. P. Neves Hirshhorn Museum and Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 Smithsonian Marine Station Kahlo to photographer Nickolas Muray; University, NASA/JPL/University of Arizona, Sam Johnson a box of seeds from plants associated Christopher Parker, Dane Penland, Ken Director, Policy and Analysis Sculpture Garden (202) 633-5500 at Fort Pierce Smithsonian Center for Representative from Texas with early human settlement sites in the Rahaim, Kelly Richardson, Aurore Kerry Brougher, Acting Director Valerie J. Paul, Director Education and Museum Studies Americas; a tropical butterfly; Simonnet, Richard Strauss, L. Holly Sweat, Doris Matsui Nell Payne MRC 350, P.O. Box 37012 National Zoological Park 701 Seaway Drive Stephanie L. Norby, Director participants in the Cisco-Smithsonian Hugh Talman, William Tidwell, Don Wilson, Representative from California Director, Government Relations Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 John M. Berry, Director Fort Pierce, Fla. 34949-3140 MRC 508, P.O. Box 37012 American Art Museum Teacher Institute; Chun-Wei Yi, Christian Ziegler (202) 633-2780 3001 Connecticut Ave. N.W. (772) 462-0982 Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 a grey seal at the National Zoological ______Park; the Smithsonian Castle; a student Eli Broad Marsha S. Shaines Washington, D.C. 20008 (202) 633-5297 tours a Smithsonian exhibit online; The The Smithsonian’s 2008 annual Citizen of California Acting General Counsel National Air and Space Museum (202) 633-4442 Smithsonian Tropical Research Kodomo Dance Theater performs report, Charting Course, is available and The Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Institute (Panama) Smithsonian Institution during Asian Pacific American Heritage online at www.smithsonian.org. Phillip Frost Ann Speyer Center Smithsonian American Art Eldredge Bermingham, Director Traveling Exhibition Service Month; a composite image of M51, also Citizen of Florida Chief Information Officer Gen. John R. Dailey (USMC, Ret.), Museum and The Renwick Gallery Unit 0948 APO AA 34002-0948 Anna R. Cohn, Director known as the Whirlpool Galaxy; a To request this publication in an worker at a Smithsonian’s Human Director Elizabeth Broun, Director 011 (507) 212-8086 MRC 941, P.O. Box 37012 alternative format, call (202) 633- Shirley Ann Jackson Origins Program archaeological site; the To contact staff members listed above, MRC 310, P.O. Box 37012 MRC 970, P.O. Box 37012 Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 2400 (voice) or (202) 633-5285 (TTY). Citizen of New York Star-Spangled Banner; a purple spined call (202) 633-1000 for addresses and Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 (202) 633-3136 sea urchin; exterior of the Smithsonian telephone numbers. (202) 633-2350 (202) 633-8430 American Art Museum Robert P. Kogod Project Director Smithsonian Latino Center Page 26: The Donald D. Engen John Barrat Citizen of Washington, D.C. Observation Tower at the National Air National Museum of African As of January 26, 2009 Eduardo Díaz, Director and Space Museum’s Steven F. Udvar- John W. McCarter, Jr. American History and Culture MRC 512, P.O. Box 37012, Hazy Center Project Assistant Citizen of Illinois Lonnie Bunch, Director Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 Page 30: South side of the Smithsonian Mara Jonas MRC 509, P.O. Box 37012 (202) 633-1240 Castle Roger W. Sant Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 Page 34: A traditional Chinese dragon Contributing Editor kite at the 42nd Annual Smithsonian Citizen of Washington, D.C. (202) 633-4763 Bill Tabor Kite Festival * * * * Page 39: Edward Hopper’s 1950 John K. Lapiana painting Cape Cod Morning Contributing Writer Chief of Staff to the Regents Page 40: Baseball autographed by Catherine Lansdowne Babe Ruth, 1926 Page 41: A pair of king penguins A. Sprightley Ryan Concept, editorial, design Page 42: A scientist at the Smithsonian Inspector General Environmental Research Center on the Steege/Thomson Communications Chesapeake Bay 56 Smithsonian Institution

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