March 2012 · Volume 5, Issue 3
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Park News National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior The official newspaper of National Mall and Memorial Parks March 2012 · Volume 5, Issue 3 Activities 2 Cherry Blossom Festival 4 Plan Your Visit 8 Cherry Blossom Centennial Cherry Tree Rebellion Ranger Brad Berger Ranger JoAnn Garcia arch 27, 2012 marks the 100th anniversary isitors strolling to the Thomas Jefferson Me- Mof the ceremonial planting of Japanese Vmorial along the Tidal Basin when the cherry flowering cherry trees along the Tidal Basin by trees are in full bloom enjoy a spectacular view. First Lady Helen Taft and the Viscountess Chinda, Yet the story behind the scenery and the memorial wife of the Japanese Ambassador. From her first is filled with turmoil and controversy. Loud pro- visit to Japan in 1885, noted authority on Asian tests against the building of the memorial and the culture and newspaper correspondent Eliza R. removal of the cherished trees resulted in a great Scidmore advocated the planting of such trees battle by several Washingtonians. in the nation’s capital. The years turned into In 1912, First Lady Helen Taft and the Vis- decades in her quest to beautify the city. Despite countess Chinda, wife of the Japanese Ambassa- her lack of success, this was a formative time for dor, planted the first two Yoshino cherry trees on Washington, D.C., as a series of damaging floods the north end of the Tidal Basin. Originally there underscored the need for dredging the Potomac city we know today. The city, taking its cue from were 3,020 cherry trees of 12 different varieties. River in order to create land barriers which would the World’s Columbian Exposition of 1893, began These were planted at East Potomac Park, Wash- protect the city. During the 1890s, two new bodies to build and plan structures reminiscent of the ington Monument Grounds, and along the Tidal of land known as East Potomac Park and West White City, such as the Smithsonian’s Museum Basin. For Washingtonians, the trees came to sym- Potomac Park formed a protective barrier around of Natural History, and the Lincoln Memorial. bolize a natural splendor at the center of our na- the areas susceptible to flooding. Between the two It was in this atmosphere, known as the “City tion’s capital, adding rich and colorful sights to the lay a Tidal Basin engineered to allow high water Beautiful” movement, that Scidmore met Dr. city, and something that would be cherished and on the river to flow into and then out of the basin, David Fairchild. Fairchild, a prominent figure at visited by thousands of visitors for several years. reinforcing the city’s protection. This grand new the Department of Agriculture, began introducing By 1936, the Thomas Jefferson Memorial expanse of land lay wide open with possibilities. Japanese flowering cherry trees to his estate in Commission was formed and planning got under As the nineteenth century turned to the Chevy Chase, MD, just north of the city. In the way for construction. The present-day location at twentieth, major building projects transformed closing of an Arbor Day ceremony in 1908, Dr. the Tidal Basin was selected in 1937, but indignant what was known as a backwater amongst world Fairchild called for a large number of these trees public criticism soon followed because build- capitals into the framework of the picturesque Centennial continued on page 3 ing in that location would result in the removal of Japanese flowering cherry trees from the Tidal Basin area. What occurred next was “The Cherry Welcome to National Mall Tree Rebellion.” Citizens, clubs, boards, and asso- ciations of Washington began a city-wide protest and Memorial Parks against the destruction of these splendid trees. Eleanor “Cissy” Patterson, the owner and editor Superintendent Bob Vogel park’s many features, as well as of the Washington Times-Herald, published sev- information about interpretive eral articles criticizing the Franklin D. Roosevelt n behalf of the National Park programs by our park rangers and Administration, and organized individuals to take Service, welcome to National other activities and resources. You O action. On November 17, 1938, the day construc- Mall and Memorial Parks! Here also will find in this issue articles tion began on the Thomas Jefferson Memorial, 50 you can visit some of America’s about our famous cherry trees. women marched on the White House, armed with iconic landmarks and memorials The blossoming cherry trees a petition to stop the damage to the trees. The fol- that celebrate and commemorate symbolize the arrival of spring in lowing day, the same women chained themselves our nation’s heritage. Washington, D.C. and provide to a tree at the construction site, with hopes to For generations, millions a spectacular show of nature’s stop the work. of people have come to the beauty. The National Cherry A group of approximately 150 women, National Mall to experience Blossom Festival is held annually led by Patterson, seized shovels from workers, re- the grandeur of these special to showcase the beautiful trees filled holes, and prepared for a stand-off against places and to reflect on what it that were a gift from the city of means to be an American. Many Superintendent Bob Vogel Tokyo to our nation’s capital. This Revolt continued on Page 2 people come to exercise their year marks the 100th anniversary National Mall and Memorial Parks First Amendment rights because of the park’s of that gift. We’ll be offering a wide variety of 900 Ohio Dr., S.W. Phone: 202-233-3520 proximity to our seat of government. For others, special programs as part of the celebration. Washington, D.C. 20024 www.nps.gov/nama the National Mall is a neighborhood park they The staff and volunteers of the National Radio: 1670 AM use for recreation and exercise. No matter what Mall are available to tell you about the park, their reason, all who visit are part of a legacy that answer your questions and help you make the National Mall Times Staff stretches back centuries. most of your time here in America’s front yard. Editor-In-Chief: Nathan King In this newspaper, you will find articles about the Enjoy your visit! Editors: Susan Martin, Stacy Shannon, Michael Kelly National Mall Times 1 Ranger Programs & Activities atural M Daily Programs broke color barriers as the first olution. Learn about women’s war through images, and discuss The Cherry Trees in Context e N al African-American to perform personal courage and sacrifice in their selfless service that contin- Bike Tour, 1 – 4 p.m. h l on the National Mall, Anderson war through images, and discuss ues through today’s conflicts. DC Discover how these beautiful What: Free site tours and inter- changed American history. Lin- their selfless service that con- War Memorial. Ranger Victor Pil- trees were part of the vision T pretive talks coln Memorial. Ranger Tameika tinues through today’s war con- low 202-841-1774. and symbolism of this city that Washington 202-233-3519. flicts. DC War Memorial. Ranger George Washington, Pierre Where: Lincoln, Korean War Victor Pillow 202-841-1774. L’Enfant and other founders Veterans, Vietnam Veterans, Sunday, March 18 envisioned. Thomas Jefferson World War II, Franklin Delano Wednesday, March 7 Memorial. Ranger Jan Buerger Rosie the Riveter 202-497-1397. Roosevelt, Martin Luther King, Ranger Program, 6- 7 p.m. Hispanic Women of the Jr., and Thomas Jefferson Me- Women of the Vietnam World War II had a drastic im- Civil War morials Veterans Memorial pact on American values and Walking Tour, 2 – 4 p.m. Sunday, March 25 Ranger Program, 6 – 7 p.m. attitudes with the need to bring Step back in time and discover When: Daily at 10:00 a.m., Many women served with brav- women into the workforce to Hispanic women in the Civil War. 12:00, 2:00, 4:00, 6:00, 8:00, ery and distinction in the Viet- support the country while men Travel into the past to the dan- Nellie Taft: First Lady of Po- and 10:00 p.m. nam War. Maya Ying Lin, the were at war. Learn about their gerous world of espionage and tomac Park young woman who designed the courage in the face of changing spies on this 2-mile walk. Na- Ranger Program, 6 – 6:45 p.m. Vietnam Veterans Memorial had social norms and challenges as tional Archives Pennsylvania Ave. First Lady Helen (Nellie) Taft is Special Programs to demonstrate that same cour- women entered the workforce in Entrance. Ranger JoAnn Garcia primarily known as the catalyst age to see her vision become the 1940s. World War II Memo- 202-329-1641. behind Japan’s gift of the Tidal reality. Come listen to stories of rial. Ranger Paul O’Brian 202- Basin cherry trees to Washing- Saturday, March 3 these women. Vietnam Veterans 438-7066. ton, D.C. Learn more about how Memorial. Ranger Kathy Kagle Eleanor Roosevelt: First she contributed to Washington, 202-438-5377. Lady of the World and why she made a difference, First Ladies in Trying Times Sunday, March 11 Ranger Program, 6 – 7 p.m. despite the formidable chal- Ranger Program, 11 a.m. – 1 American women have served lenges. Japanese Lantern on the p.m. Friday, March 9 in wartime since the Ameri- Hispanic Women of the Tidal Basin. Ranger Jan Buerger Martha Washington, Mary Todd can Revolution. Learn about 202-497-1397. Lincoln, and Eleanor Roosevelt. Civil War women’s personal courage and Learn how these first ladies were The Battle of Hampton Walking Tour, 2 – 4 p.m.